Dissertationen zum Thema „Informatique spatiale“
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Lauret, Gérard. „Représentation en architecture et image informatique“. Paris 8, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA081081.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleArchitecture is a big consumer of pictures and representation. Do the new technologies, and in particular synthesis pictures bring a new method of representation, or do they inscribe themselves in the following of old manners ? an approach historical, technical and philosophical, who is setting the specificity of architecture and new technological instrument, and define the place of synthesis pictures in the representation of building in architecture
Sinton, Antoine. „Modèles probabilistes avec structure spatiale en physique statistique et en informatique“. Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066690.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBolognesi, Robert. „L'Analyse spatiale des risques d'avalanches : premiers développements d'un environnement informatique d'aide à la décision“. Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE19008.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the last few years, many researches about avalanches have been undertaken, treating either the spatial aspect, or the temporal aspect of phenomena. The mastery of the avalanche, in effect, appears often today as an inevitable factor of the development of local economies in the mountains. The objectives of these current works consist in elaborating, and in implementing a support model to spatial analysis, in real time, of the avalanches hazards concerning an area to secure. Taking account of the non algorithmic nature of the problem, and of the noticed reliability of expertises founded on the manipulation of heuristics, the symbolic modelisation, using artificial intelligence methods. Has been chosen among the many possible methodologies. The transfer of the experts knowledge has been realized with the technique of the protocol analysis, permeating to build an expertise representation document from which a prototype resulting model could be found, then perfected. The computer application of this model is an expert system, with an inference engine of order 0+, exploiting the expert knowledge translated in the form of production rules, following a monotonous irreversible strategy. It is integrated in a decision support system called avalog. This, realized conforming operational specifications, also includes a database management system, as well as a documentation editing program. Used in the course of an evaluative phase, started at the beginning of the 1990 91 winter season, for an experimental sector of the skiing area of the grandes rousses (isere, france), the system has shown an agreement ratio with the senior snow specialist of approximately 90%, and a right diagnosis ratio, established from observing real avalanches, of more than 80%
Belouaer, Lamia. „Représentation de la connaissance spatiale pour la planification“. Caen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CAEN2070.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe are interested in the integration of spatial information for representation and reasoning to plan a mission in the human-robot interaction case. The first part of our work is for representation and spatial reasoning. We propose a spatial ontology: SpaceOntology qualitative and quantitative representation and reasonning. Based on this spatial modeling we have implemented a planner with two modules: a module for symbolic reasoning supported by a task planner and a module for spatial reasoning supported by the path planning and SpaceOntology. The third part of our contributions is the extension of the PDDL planning language to spatial information. This extension permits to express spatial planning problems
Batmanov, Kirill. „Modélisation spatiale des effets de communauté“. Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00977082.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChulyadyo, Rajani. „Un nouvel horizon pour la recommandation : intégration de la dimension spatiale dans l'aide à la décision“. Thesis, Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT4012/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNowadays it is very common to represent a system in terms of relationships between objects. One of the common applications of such relational data is Recommender System (RS), which usually deals with the relationships between users and items. Probabilistic Relational Models (PRMs) can be a good choice for modeling probabilistic dependencies between such objects. A growing trend in recommender systems is to add spatial dimensions to these objects, and make recommendations considering the location of users and/or items. This thesis deals with the (not much explored) intersection of three related fields – Probabilistic Relational Models (a method to learn probabilistic models from relational data), spatial data (often used in relational settings), and recommender systems (which deal with relational data). The first contribution of this thesis deals with the overlapping of PRM and recommender systems. We have proposed a PRM-based personalized recommender system that is capable of making recommendations from user queries in cold-start systems without user profiles. Our second contribution addresses the problem of integrating spatial information into a PRM
Robineau, Fabien. „Étude d'un dispositif de guidage de geste chirurgical de ponction par stimulation électrotactile linguale“. Grenoble 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10030.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe purpose of the work is to use the tactile modality to allow the surgeon to guide a needle until a target preserving the visual modality dedicated to the operative field observation. With this intention, the paradigm of sensory substitution using the lingual visuo-tactile device (Tongue Display Unit - TDU -) of Bach-y-Rita is exploited. This research relates to the guidance of puncture gesture with lingual electrotactile spatial information. The objective is to evaluate the performances of the lingual electrotactile system and the spatial tactile discriminative capacities of the tongue. For that, various experiments were carried out : two series of psychophysical fundamental experiments to analyze the lingual comfort and liminary electrotactile thresholds on various areas of the tongue surface and the capacity to discriminate electrotactile patterns of direction. The results are very heterogeneous according to the position of stimulation on the tongue and depend on the perceptive task carried out. Moreover, two experiments applied to the realization of trajectory of puncture using guidance TDU showed that a lingual electrotactile guidance allowed very precisely to direct a needle until a percutaneous target of a few millimeters
Mathé, Nathalie. „Assistance intelligente au contrôle de processus : application à la télémanipulation spatiale“. Toulouse, ENSAE, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ESAE0012.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDoukari, Omar. „Changement de croyances local et application à l'information spatiale“. Aix-Marseille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX11002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWhen facing uncertain, incomplete and inaccurate information, we need a belief change operation in order to manage the belief evolution in presence of new information. The problem of belief change, in general, is known as a NP-difficult one, and there does not exist an efficient algorithm that can process huge amount of data. To circumvent this problem, we are interested in local belief change operations, namely local belief revision, local belief contraction, and local belief expansion operations. A new model -the C-structure model- for belief representation and local belief revision is proposed. A C-structure represents a thematic view of the overall knowledge of an agent with a good understanding of the interactions between topics. Hence, it provides the agent with an extra-structure, which helps circumscribing the relevant part of beliefs during a revision operation. Then, four local belief change operators are defined, based on the C-structure model : one for local expansion, one for local contraction, and two for local belief revision, internal and external ones. The contraction and revision operators are proved sound and complete by comparing them to traditional non local belief change operators. Local belief revision based on the C-structure model is characterized semantically ; first, in the special case of fully overlapping theories, then in the general case of arbitrary theories. Finally, the spatial information is considered : it provides an interesting application to the C-structure model and the associated revision operations. A new model -the G-structure model- is defined. Then, a new local belief revision approach, based on the G-structure model, is proposed and compared to the REM approach which is based on the Reiter algorithm for diagnosis
Zhao, Jian. „Extraction d'information tri-dimensionnelle par stéréo vision“. Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU30207.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBounekkar, Ahmed. „Analyse statistique de texture : autocorrélation spatiale et notion de contiguïté“. Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10142.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRegnauld, Nicolas. „Généralisation du bâti : structure spatiale de type graphe et représentation cartographique“. Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX11022.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDuval-Destin, Marc. „Analyse spatiale et spatio-temporelle de la stimulation visuelle à l'aide de la transformée en ondelettes“. Aix-Marseille 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX22055.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOuattara, Mamadou. „Fouille de données : vers une nouvelle approche intégrant de façon cohérente et transparente la composante spatiale“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27723/27723.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn recent decades, geospatial data has been more and more present within our organization. This has resulted in massive storage of such information and this, combined with the learning potential of such information, gives birth to the need to learn from these data, to extract knowledge that can be useful in supporting decision-making process. For this purpose, several approaches have been proposed. Among this, the first has been to deal with existing data mining tools in order to extract any knowledge of such data. But due to a specificity of geospatial information, this approach failed. From this arose the need to erect the process of extracting knowledge from geospatial data in its own right; this lead to Geographic Knowledge Discovery. The answer to this problem, by GKD, is reflected in the implementation of approaches that can be categorized into two: the so-called pre-processing approaches and the dynamic treatment of spatial relationships. Given the limitations of these approaches we propose a new approach that exploits the existing data mining tools. This approach can be seen as a compromise of the two previous. It main objective is to support geospatial data type during all steps of data mining process. To do this, the proposed approach will exploit the usual relationships that geo-spatial entities share each other. A framework will then describe how this approach supports the spatial component involving geo-spatial libraries and "traditional" data mining tools
Boneva, Iovka. „Expressivité, satisfiabilité et model checking d'une logique spatiale pour arbres non ordonnés“. Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00613198.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePampagnin, Luc-Henri. „Reconnaissance d'objets tridiéensionnels en perception monoculaire et multisensorielle : application à la robotique spatiale“. Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30149.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNEDELEC, ALEXIS. „Application, en imagerie spatiale informatique, d'une methode et d'un systeme de multiplexage holographique, avec prise en compte de phenomenes perceptifs“. Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR13186.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMaria, Maxime. „Partition spatiale contrainte et convexe pour la simulation basée rayons“. Thesis, Poitiers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016POIT2292/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRay-based methods are known to simulate accurately acoustic, thermic, radios or optic wave propagation phenomena. The efficiency of such a method lies in its capacity to quickly determine the closest intersection between a ray and the geometric primitives making up the simulation environment. Generally, an acceleration structure is used to reduce the algorithmic complexity of the search. These last thirty years, a lot of efficient structures have been proposed. However, all have drawbacks according to the application kind and the scene configuration. We propose to explore a way slightly studied up to then, using a constrained convex space partition (CCSP) as an acceleration structure. This kind of partition differs from conventional structures by several concepts bringing unique and interesting properties. In a first phase, we propose a new acceleration structure, based on a CCSP, specifically dedicated to simulation in architectural environments. Then, we used these results to generalize the approach to any kind of scene. In particular, we focus on the use of a constrained Delaunay tetrahedralization as an acceleration structure and propose a new traversal algorithm
Fize, Jacques. „Mise en correspondance de données textuelles hétérogènes fondée sur la dimension spatiale“. Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTS099.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWith the rise of Big Data, the processing of Volume, Velocity (growth and evolution) and data Variety concentrates the efforts of communities to exploit these new resources. These new resources have become so important that they are considered the new "black gold". In recent years, volume and velocity have been aspects of the data that are controlled, unlike variety, which remains a major challenge. This thesis presents two contributions in the field of heterogeneous data matching, with a focus on the spatial dimension.The first contribution is based on a two-step process for matching heterogeneous textual data: georepresentation and geomatching. In the first phase, we propose to represent the spatial dimension of each document in a corpus through a dedicated structure, the Spatial Textual Representation (STR). This graph representation is composed of the spatial entities identified in the document, as well as the spatial relationships they maintain. To identify the spatial entities of a document and their spatial relationships, we propose a dedicated resource, called Geodict. The second phase, geomatching, computes the similarity between the generated representations (STR). Based on the nature of the STR structure (i.e. graph), different algorithms of graph matching were studied. To assess the relevance of a match, we propose a set of 6 criteria based on a definition of the spatial similarity between two documents.The second contribution is based on the thematic dimension of textual data and its participation in the spatial matching process. We propose to identify the themes that appear in the same contextual window as certain spatial entities. The objective is to induce some of the implicit spatial similarities between the documents. To do this, we propose to extend the structure of STR using two concepts: the thematic entity and the thematic relationship. The thematic entity represents a concept specific to a particular field (agronomic, medical) and represented according to different spellings present in a terminology resource, in this case a vocabulary. A thematic relationship links a spatial entity to a thematic entity if they appear in the same window. The selected vocabularies and the new form of STR integrating the thematic dimension are evaluated according to their coverage on the studied corpora, as well as their contributions to the heterogeneous textual matching process on the spatial dimension
Paille, Joffrey. „La localisation spatiale d'outils chirurgicaux par systèmes électromagnétiques alternatifs : applications et domaines de validité des modélisations numériques“. Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004GRE19002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMagnetic tracking devices are the only systems that allow tracking movement of surgical tools inside the human body. Nevertheless, when used in a typical working environnement, these systems are usually disturbed by electromagnetic fields induced in nearby metals. The presence of metallic objects within the working field results in measurement errors which can be important, several millimeters for the most significant. Three-dimensional finite element modelling is presented, which is performed with FluxExpert software. This model is used to study the effect of the two metal-related phenomena that impinge on the performance of electromagnetic based trackers : eddy currents and ferromagnetism. Two numerical techniques have been developed. An experimental investigation was undertaken to validate the aumerical results. Validity domains of the numerical modellings have also been determined
Genadot, Alexandre. „Etude multi-échelle de modèles probabilistes pour les systèmes excitables avec composante spatiale“. Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066531.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe purpose of the present thesis is the mathematical study of probabilistic models for the generation and propagation of an action potential in neurons and more generally of stochastic models for excitable cells. Indeed, we want to study the effect of noise on multiscale spatially extended excitable systems. We address the intrinsic as well as the extrinsic source of noise in such systems. To study the intrinsic or internal noise, we consider Hilbert-valued Piecewise Deterministic Markov Processes (PDMPs). We are interested in the multiscale and long time behavior of these processes. In a first part, we study the case where the fast component is a discrete component of the PDMP. We prove a limit theorem when the speed of the fast component is accelerated. Then, we study the fluctuations of the multiscale model around the averaged one and show that the fluctuations areGaussians through the proof of a Central Limit Theorem. In a second part, we consider the case where the fast component is itself a PDMP. This requires knowledge about the invariant measure of Hilbert-valued PDMPs. We show the existence and uniqueness of an invariant measure and the exponential convergence of the process toward this measure. To study the extrinsic or external noise, we consider systems of Stochastic Partial Differential Equations (SPDEs) driven by colored noises. We analyze numerical schemes based on finite differences in time and finite elements in space
Crawshaw, Alexis Story. „La musique électro-Somesthésique : approches spatiales, théorisation et expérimentations créatives“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PA080074.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work of research proposes the idea of electro-somaesthetic music (ESM). We define it as a computer music that targets somatosensation for artistic and musical ends. ESM engages the non-cochlear somatic senses sensitive to mechanical waves. We propose that the somatosensory experience of space is qualitatively distinct from other senses. These sensations operate at high resolution within our intimate space: across our bodily threshold and even within the interior space of our bodies. These subtleties offer a novel artistic terrain for exploration. However, its potential spatial considerations are complex, and these can lend themselves to confusion. As such, to better appreciate their relationships and experiment with compositional ideas, we advance some theoretical considerations with several technical and artistic proofs of concept. In the first part, we address the conceptual space of ESM spatial expression. We examine the relationships among the levels of the perceiver, the content, and the environment. In the second part, we elaborate upon the matrix of possibilities regarding computational spatial rendering: three principal paradigms of spatial manipulation—physical (via acoustics), virtual (via computation), perceptual (via non-evident spatial illusions)—that transpire through two lenses: where sonic events are relative to the level of the body (egocentric) or where they are relative to the environment external to the body (allocentric). Together, these theoretical cells form a promising creative space and our practical experimentations explore paths forward toward future investigations
Bombrun, Lionel. „Développement d'outils et de méthodes de télédétection spatiale optique et radar nécessaires à la haute résolution spatiale“. Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPG0152.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis Ph. D. Thesis research work is dedicated to the development of polarimetric and interferometric remote sensing methods. Synthetic aperture radar interferometry estimates the topography of the observed scene or his deformations. Interferometric processings are implemented to derive displacement field. SAR Polarimetry study the interactions between the electromagnetic wave and the scene to characterize the scatterers. Two parametrization model of the target scattering vector are analyzed : the alpha/beta model and the TSVM. Next, we propose to model the texture parameter by a Fisher distribution. Under the scalar product model assumption, we mathematically establish the covariance matrix distribution and we propose to implement this new distribution in a hierarchical segmentation algorithm. All the proposed methods are applied on C-band interferometric SAR data over glaciers and on L-band polarimetric SAR data over urban areas
Viovy, Nicolas. „Étude spatiale de la biosphère terrestre : intégration de modèles écologiques et de mesures de télédétection“. Toulouse, INPT, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPT040H.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDumoncel, Franck. „Géographie et graphes : une interaction pour exprimer des requëtes spatiales guidée par des adjacences conceptuelles“. Caen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CAEN2007.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSpinelli, Laurent. „Analyse spatiale de l'activité électrique cérébrale : nouveaux développements“. Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004851.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFribault, Pascale. „Modélisation déclarative d'espaces habitables“. Limoges, 2003. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/02f934e0-825c-4633-878d-b1d8934b4c9c/blobholder:0/2003LIMO0051.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBombrun, Lionel. „Développement d'outils et de méthodes de télédétection spatiale optique et radar nécessaires à la haute résolution spatiale“. Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00369350.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleL'interférométrie radar à synthèse d'ouverture renseigne sur la topographie de la zone étudiée ou sur ses déformations. Nous mettons en place des traitements interférométriques pour obtenir un champ de déplacement au sol.
La polarimétrie radar étudie les interactions de l'onde électromagnétique avec le milieu étudié et nous informe sur les propriétés physiques des rétrodiffuseurs. Nous examinons en détail les deux modèles de paramétrisation des vecteurs de rétrodiffusion : le modèle alpha/beta et le modèle TSVM. Nous proposons ensuite d'utiliser la distribution de Fisher pour modéliser la texture dans les images polarimétriques. En utilisant le modèle multiplicatif scalaire, nous dérivons l'expression littérale de la distribution de la matrice de cohérence et nous proposons d'implémenter cette nouvelle distribution dans un algorithme de segmentation hiérarchique.
Les différentes méthodes proposées durant cette thèse ont été appliquées sur des données interférométriques en bande C sur les glaciers et sur des données polarimétriques en bande L dans le milieu urbain.
Ambroise, Christophe. „Approche probabiliste en classification automatique et contraintes de voisinage“. Compiègne, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996COMPD917.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis proposes new clustering algorithms well suited for data analysis problems where natural constraints appear: preservation of a topology, spatial data. Gaussian mixture models and the estimation of parameters by the EM algorithm constitute the background of the work. The Kohonen Map algorithm introduces the idea of constraint in clustering. We show the relationship between this neural approach and Gaussian mixture models. This leads us to propose a variant of the EM algorithm which has similar behaviour as the Kohonen algorithm and whose convergence is proven. When dealing with spatial data, we consider the following constraint: two objects which are neighbours are more likely to belong to the same class than two objects which are spatially far away. Original algorithms based on the EM algorithm are proposed for taking into account this spatial constraint. These algorithms may be used for seeking a partition of objects which have a geographical location. This encompasses the problem of unsupervised image segmentation. A theoretical link between our approach and Markov random field models is established. The proposed methods are compared and illustrated by means of applications based on real data
Amdouni, Ichrak. „Réseaux sans fil auto-adaptatifs: efficacité énergétique et réutilisation spatiale“. Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00808651.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGuillemin, Hervé. „Amelioration de la resolution spatiale des images scintigraphiques de medecine nucleaire. Application a la glande thyroide“. Cergy-Pontoise, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CERG0036.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDjellal, Faridah. „Les firmes de conseil en technologie de l'information comme agents d'un paradigme socio-technique : analyse de leur organisation fonctionnelle et spatiale“. Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL12010.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleServices are new recognized as productive and highly contribute to the main economic agregates. However, they remain to be considered in a logic of subordination toward goods. This analysis of innovation and technical changes points out the importance and the strategic role of " "the science-based industries". When the role of services is envisaged - which is rarether rarely- this is always from the point of view of their relations to technological innovation. In other words, in such analyses, innovation in services seem essentially to arise from potentialities supplied by information technology. The capacity of service firms to promote organizational and institutional innovations, independently from information technologies, is generally absent from these analysis. Thelogic of subordination of services toward goods also prevails in the literature on the localization behavior of these activities. The idea according to wiich industrial enterprises are the only driving activities, must be reexamined in the light to the growing importance in the regional development, of the services provided to enterprises. In this doctoral thesis, we propose to break with the logic of subordination in which the analysis in terms of technico-economic paradigm contributes to confine services
Petit, Mathieu. „Approche spatiale pour la caractérisation du contexte d'exécution d'un système d'information ubiquitaire“. Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00511919.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAchour, Amel. „Gestion de la mobilité pour les terminaux multi-homés dans un environnement sans-fil hétérogène“. Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066344.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the current environment, wireless networks are widely deployed, several technologies coexist, each of them response to a particular issue. These technologies have coexist to provide the best services to users. Moreover, the emergence of multi-interface mobile terminals (3G, WLAN, WMAN, etc. . ) has completely changed the vision of IP services. A mobile terminal is able to access services provided by their ISPs anywhere, any-time and most importantly, through any available access network according to the concept "Always Best Connected" (ABC). In order to take full advantage of this heterogeneous environment, the concept of ABC will be extended to the simultaneous use of different access networks. This new generation of communication systems is commonly called "multi-homing". In this context, different technologies, cellular, wireless LAN and wired networks coexist. Moreover, the generalization the heterogeneous environment has led operators to consider the combination of these different technologies, with the objective of offering better services to users. However, such a combination raises many issues such as the sessions control, authentication, QoS, user mobility. . . Etc, therefore, the current trend tends to offer an all IP network to facilitate this convergence. The IMS is a promising solution, which allows the convergence of heterogeneous networks and their interconnection with a management that is totally independent of the access network. This thesis studied the proposals for the multi-homing, and the mobility management for multi-homed terminals. It is interested in solutions based on the terminal, and the protocol SHIM6. It proposes an extension allowing the terminals implementing SHIM6 to have a simultaneous access to different access networks, which guarantee the application to have the best available access network. Subsequently, a study of mobility in this context is presented. Test-bed is set up to evaluate and validate these proposals, demonstrating their feasibility in a real environment. Now the simultaneous access is established, the second part of this thesis focuses on mobility management with guaranteed quality of service for current sessions. To achieve this, the proposed solution combines the protocol SHIM6 with IMS. The protocol SHIM6's role is the mobility management, and thus the change of access networks, seamlessly, while IMS ensures quality of service of established sessions. Two modes of mobility are studied: reactive and proactive. We also studied the inter-domain mobility and intra-domain. In both cases, a test-bed is set up to validate the proposals. The results show a significant reduction in the handover period, particularly in the proactive mode. The proposed solutions are based on the terminal, we evaluated their performance impact of the latter
Lozes, Etienne. „Expressivité des logiques d'espace“. Lyon, École normale supérieure (sciences), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ENSL0289.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSpatial logics are a new formalism for specifying properties of concurrent systems in the line of modal logics (Hennessy - Milner). They may be seen also as an extension of classical logic better suited for giving an axiomatic semantics for imperative programs manipulating pointers in the line of Hoare-Floyd logic. This thesis present these several issues and compare the different approaches from the point of view of expressiveness. Several encoding, minimal fragments, and decidability results are presented
Daubet, Michel. „L'organisation de l'espace proche en section des Grands de l'école maternelle (enfants de cinq à six ans) à partir du pilotage des déplacements d'un robot en langage LOGO“. Bordeaux 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR12153.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDaubet, Michel. „L'organisation de l'espace proche en section des Grands de l'école maternelle (enfants de cinq à six ans) à partir du pilotage des déplacements d'un robot en langage LOGO“. Bordeaux 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR10697.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBoneva, Iovka. „Expressivité, satisfiabilité et model checking d'une logique spatiale pour arbres non ordonnés“. Lille 1, 2006. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/dffac6b2-50d6-4e6d-9e4c-f8f5731c75e2.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDegenne, Pascal, und Pascal Degenne. „Une approche générique de modélisation spatiale et temporelle : application à la modélisation de la dynamique des paysages“. Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00786490.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLaviole, Jérémy. „Interaction en réalité augmentée spatiale pour le dessin physique“. Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00935602.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBermes, Sébastien. „Les arbres octaux paresseux : une méthode dynamique de subdivision spatiale pour le lancer de rayons“. Toulouse, ENSAE, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ESAE0018.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLe, Cuziat Joseph. „Contraintes environnementales et anthropiques influençant la répartition spatiale de l'outarde houbara Chlamydotis u. Undulata. Perspectives de conservation“. Aix-Marseille 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX30032.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe objectives of this study was the identification and the assessment of environmental and human-induced constraints acting on the spatial distribution of a wild population of houbara bustards, an endangered flagship species of desert range-lands of North Africa. This will allow the definition of comprehensive conservation strategy for the species on its whole distribution area. This work focused on a 600 Km² study area located within semi-arid steppe-lands of the Eastern Morocco representative of North-Africa sub-sahelian environmental conditions. The study area was largely exploited by extensive pastoralism. The relevancy of the different suitable modelling techniques was assessed, relevant predictive variables were identified, environmental influences driving the spatial distribution of bustards on the study area have been put into a hierarchy, and existing functional links between factors and some life history traits of the species have been put into evidence
SILBER-GUTH, CATHERINE. „Un cadre pour specifier une base d'objets complexes : application a la teledetection spatiale“. Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR13022.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZaharescu, Andrei. „Contributions à la reconstruction spatiale et temporelle à partir de plusieurs caméras“. Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00379394.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZaharescu, Andrei. „Contributions à la reconstruction spatiale et temporelle à partir de plusieurs caméras“. Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPG0099.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis addresses the necessary steps required to build a framework for spatial and temporal 3-D reconstruction using multiple camera environments. Firstly, a probabilistic formulation robust to outliers is developed in conjunction with any affine factorization technique, able to recover both the extrinsic parameters of multiple cameras and 3-D coordinates of control points, given the 2-D point correspondences and intrinsic camera parameters. Secondly, a provably correct mesh-based surface evolution approach is proposed, able to handle topological changes and self-intersections without imposing any mesh sampling constraints. Thirdly, a scene-aware camera cIustering method is developed, able to break large-scale reconstruction tasks in smaller independent partial reconstructions that are memory tractable. Lastly, a new 3 dimensional descriptor is proposed, defined on uniformly sampled triangular meshes, invariant to rotation, translation, scale, being able to capture local geometric and photometrie properties, useful in the multi-camera environments, where the reconstructed meshes benefit from colour information
Estopinan, Joaquim. „A predictive approach to determining the joint conservation status of species“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Montpellier (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UMONS062.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSpecies distribution models (SDMs) aim to learn the environmental preferences of species and ultimately project their geographic distributions.Recent breakthroughs in deep learning, coupled with the explosion of biodiversity data, have led to the development of a new generation of models, called deep-SDMs.In this thesis, we explore their application in biodiversity conservation.First, we evaluate the contribution of satellite image time-series as environmental covariates.Capturing the phenology of species' habitats was found to be valuable, especially for rare species and in species-rich regions.Second, we train a deep-SDM to infer global orchid species assemblages at the kilometre scale.Spatial indicators of their extinction risk are then mapped using the IUCN Red List of threatened species.By highlighting spatial patterns of extinction risk for under-assessed taxa, such scalable and data-intensive indicators can inform conservation planning.Third, we use SDM-based species features to successfully predict the IUCN extinction risk status of species while being flexible enough to project the study into future bioclimatic conditions.Indeed, automated extinction risk assessment is an active research avenue to complement manual assessments.Our classification scheme benefits from the generalisation power of deep-SDMs.It aims to mitigate the over-reliance on geographic information in flora extinction risk assessments, thus allowing prediction of future extinction risk patterns.Modelling species distributions is an incredibly difficult task due to complex biotic and abiotic dependencies.Deep learning models can rely on the critical information that correlates with observed species patterns when provided with rich, high-dimensional environmental covariates.Furthermore, biodiversity data are hampered by biases (taxonomic, geographic, temporal, etc.) that machine learning techniques can help to compensate for.Ultimately, in our work we have investigated three directions in which deep-SDMs can contribute to the production of decision support for conservation: 1) taking advantage of high-dimensional satellite data to model species distributions, 2) using their generalisation and inference power to map the extinction risk of global species assemblages, and finally 3) encoding high-dimensional covariate information for downstream tasks such as flexible IUCN status classification
Erhel, Séverine. „Les effets de l'intégration spatiale des informations textuelles aux informations illustrées correspondantes à l'aide de fenêtres escamotables“. Rennes 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006REN20027.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis research aims at evaluating the spatial integration of textual information by means of pop-up windows compared to a separated text-illustration format and integrated text-illustration format. The results show that the formats which concentrate on the spatial integration of the information by means of pop-up windows improve students' performance in tasks which require the memorization and comprehension of information and suggest that the group “pop-up windows” performed better than the integrated group when asked to understand the document and memorize illustrated elements. In the second time, this research enables to propose various assumptions concerning the superiority of “pop-up” format compared to the two other formats. It has been established that the facilitation of text-illustration co-referencing, the visual salience of the illustration or the diminution of perceptual overload explain the beneficial effect of “pop-up” format on the performances in terms of learning
Bigo, Louis. „Représentations symboliques musicales et calcul spatial“. Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST1074/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMusical symbolic representations and spatial computing. The notion of symbolic space is frequently used in music theory, analysis and composition. Representing sequences in pitch (or chord) spaces, like the Tonnetz, enables to catch some harmonic and melodic properties that elude traditional representation systems. We generalize this approach by rephrasing in spatial terms different musical purposes (style recognition, melodic and harmonic transformations, all-interval series classification, etc.). Spaces are formalized as topological collections, a notion corresponding with the label- ling of a cellular complex in algebraic topology. A cellular complex enables the discrete representation of a space through a set of topological cells linked by specific neighborhood relationships. We represent simple musical objects (for example pitches or chords) by cells and build a complex by organizing them following a particular neighborhood relationship defined by a musical property. A musical sequence is represented in a complex by a trajectory. The look of the trajectory reveals some informations concerning the style of the piece, and musical strategies used by the composer. Spaces and trajectories are computed with MGS, an experimental programming language dedicated to spatial computing, that aims at introducing the notion of space in computation. A tool, HexaChord, has been developped in order to facilitate the use of these notions for a predefined set of musical spaces
Nogues, Jean-François. „Identification et localisation spatiale de cibles sous-marines. Apport d'un noyau temps réel à la réalisation d'une instrumentation évolutive“. Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU30115.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMorsli, Nadia. „Inférence non paramétrique pour les modèles Gibbsiens de processus ponctuels spatiaux“. Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENM055/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAmong models allowing to introduce interaction between points, we find the large class of Gibbs models coming from statistical physics. Such models can produce repulsive as well as attractive point pattern. In this thesis, we are interested in the semi-parametric inference of such models characterized by the Papangelou conditional intensity. Two frameworks are considered. First, we describe a procédure which intends to estimate the first-order interaction term (also called Poisson intensity) of the Papangelou conditional intensity. Under the assumption of finite range of the process, the idea upon which the procedure is based allows us to neglect higher-order interaction terms. We study the stong consistency and the asymptotic normality and conduct a simulation study which highlights the efficiency of the method for finite observation window. Second, we focus on the main class of Gibbs models which is the class of pairwise interaction point processes. We construct a kernel-based estimator of the pairwise interaction function. Two cases are studied: the stationary case and the isotropic case.The estimators, we propose, exploit the finite range property and the estimator of the Poisson intensity defined in the first part. We present asymptotic properties, namely the strong consistency, the behavior of the mean squared error and the asymptotic normality