Zeitschriftenartikel: „Informality“

1

Phipps, Patricia M. „Informality“. Journal of Learning Disabilities 18, Nr. 3 (März 1985): 130–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002221948501800303.

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2

Cirolia, Liza Rose, und Suraya Scheba. „Towards a multi-scalar reading of informality in Delft, South Africa: Weaving the ‘everyday’ with wider structural tracings“. Urban Studies 56, Nr. 3 (27.03.2018): 594–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098017753326.

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Informality is a critical theme in urban studies. In recent years, ‘the everyday’ has become a focus of studies on informality in African cities. These studies focus on particularity and place. They offer a useful corrective to top-down and universalising readings which exclude the daily experiences and practices of people from analysis. As we show in this article, everyday studies surface valuable insights, highlighting the agency and precarity which operates at the street level. However, a fuller understanding of informality’s (re)production requires drawing together particularist accounts with wider and more structural tracings. These tracings offer insights into the ways in which state and financial processes influence and interface with the everyday. In this article, we use the case of housing in Delft, a township in Cape Town, to demonstrate this approach and argue for a multi-scalar and relational reading of the production of informality.

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Fradejas-García, Ignacio, Abel Polese und Fazila Bhimji. „Transnational (Im)mobilities and Informality in Europe“. Migration Letters 18, Nr. 2 (25.03.2021): 121–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v18i2.1174.

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People around the globe rely on informal practices to resist, survive, care and relate to each other beyond the control and coercive presence of institutions and states. In the EU, regimes of mobility at multiple scales affect various people on the move who are pushed into informality in order to acquire social mobility while having to combat border regimes, racialization, inequalities, and state bureaucracies. This text explores how mobilities and informality are entangled with one another when it comes to responding to the social, political, and economic inequalities that are produced by border and mobility regimes. Within this frame, the ethnographic articles in this special issue go beyond national borders to connect the production of mobility and informality at multiple interconnected scales, from refugees adapting to settlement bureaucracies locally to transit migrants coping with the selective external borders of the EU, or from transnational entrepreneurs’ ability to move between formal and informal norms to the multiple ways in which transnational mobility informally confronts economic, social and political constraints. In sum, this volume brings together articles on informality and mobility that take account of the elusive practices that deal with the inequalities of mobility and immobility.

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Russo, Francesco Flaviano. „Informality: the Doorstep of the Legal System“. Open Economics 1, Nr. 1 (01.06.2018): 49–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/openec-2017-0004.

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Abstract Many entrepreneurs work informally because it is costly to start and run a business legally. Using a dynamic model of industry equilibrium, I show that the costs of the legal system can explain the cross country variability of the size of the informal economy. The model implies that the business start-up costs are more important than taxes and labor market regulations. Small, less productive, entrepreneurs, facing high entry costs, start informally, waiting to become more productive before legalizing. Informality is often the doorstep of the legal system.

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5

Law, Christopher. „“Common Informality”“. liquid blackness 6, Nr. 1 (01.04.2022): 34–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/26923874-954655.

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Abstract This article explores how two key problems of philosophical aesthetics, temporality and form, are rethought in Fred Moten's consent not to be a single being trilogy. The article proposes that Moten's work is notable for its refusal to affirm a link between aesthetic experience, or aesthesis, and the future-bound possibility of political community. This refusal distinguishes Moten's work both from the political philosophy underlying Immanuel Kant's aesthetics and from the dialectical critique of Kant found in contemporary theoretical work prioritizing formal experimentation. The article contends instead that Moten's work is shaped by a sustained attention to “informal” patterns of aesthetic experience, for which the graphic materiality of writing functions as a privileged index. The article then explores the political and temporal implications of writing's materiality in two essays from Moten's Black and Blur. To pursue this task, it draws on Walter Benjamin's understanding of philological interpolation and argues that Moten's work, particularly in its insistence on “renomination” rather than conceptual creation, can likewise be understood as philological. The article concludes, however, by showing how the idea of linguistic freedom advanced in recent philological work is complicated by Moten's recognition of a link between predication and blackness.

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6

Varley, Ann. „Postcolonialising informality?“ Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 31, Nr. 1 (2013): 4–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d14410.

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7

Böröcz, József. „Informality Rules“. East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 14, Nr. 2 (März 2000): 348–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325400014002006.

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8

Maloney, William F. „Informality Revisited“. World Development 32, Nr. 7 (Juli 2004): 1159–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2004.01.008.

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9

Costamagna, Rodrigo, Sandra Idrovo Carlier und Pedro Mendi. „Initial informality as an obstacle to intellectual capital acquisitions“. Journal of Intellectual Capital 20, Nr. 4 (11.10.2019): 472–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jic-12-2018-0218.

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Purpose Most developing countries are characterized by large informal sectors. A substantial proportion of firms in these countries began operations in the informal sector, eventually becoming formal. The purpose of this paper is to study whether, after formalization, firms that began operations in the informal sector are more or less likely to use intellectual capital in the form of disembodied technology licensing than firms that began operations in the formal sector. The moderating roles of being a downstream firm, age and the country’s per capita income are also analyzed. Design/methodology/approach The effect of initial informality on the probability of licensing is estimated using firm-level data from the World Bank’s Enterprise Survey, conducted in several Latin American countries in 2006–2017. Findings Formal firms that began informally are less likely to use licensed technology, suggesting the existence of long-run effects of informality. The effect of initial informality is more negative among downstream firms. Research limitations/implications The analysis uses cross-sectional data. Unobservable firm fixed effects could be controlled for using longitudinal data. Practical implications Initial informality affecting the innovation strategies of firms should be considered when designing policies that incentivize formality. Social implications If, in light of the results of this analysis, policies are designed which foster a better allocation of resources, there will be a tangible impact in the lives of many people in developing countries. Originality/value This is the first paper that analyzes the relationship between initial informality status and technology licensing, a relevant channel for the international diffusion of technology.

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WILLIAMS, COLIN C., KWAME ADOM und IOANA ALEXANDRA HORODNIC. „DETERMINANTS OF THE LEVEL OF INFORMALIZATION OF ENTERPRISES: SOME EVIDENCE FROM ACCRA, GHANA“. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 25, Nr. 01 (März 2020): 2050004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1084946720500041.

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Based on the recognition that enterprises operate at different levels of informality, this paper evaluates the determinants of their degree of informalization. To do so, a 2016 survey of the varying degrees of informalization of 171 entrepreneurs in Ghana is reported. The finding is that only 21% of enterprises were wholly informal and 16% wholly formal. Nearly two-thirds (63%) were neither wholly informal nor wholly formal. Higher levels of informalization are significantly associated with younger entrepreneurs, those with lower levels of educational attainment, lower household incomes and younger enterprises. It is also significantly associated with the wider institutional compliance environment. Higher levels of informality are present among entrepreneurs unaware of the need for registration, who lack vertical trust (i.e., do not believe the state does anything for them, and perceive there to be public sector corruption), view informality as normal (i.e., a normal practice in their family) and view all similar businesses as operating informally (i.e., lack horizontal trust). The paper concludes by discussing the theoretical and policy implications.

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Berens, Sarah. „Opting for Exit: Informalization, Social Policy Discontent, and Lack of Good Governance“. Latin American Politics and Society 62, Nr. 2 (23.03.2020): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/lap.2019.58.

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ABSTRACTThe informal sector challenges economic growth and hinders the abatement of income disparities in developing countries. This study argues that a weak and poorly governed welfare state can cause the informal sector to increase when individuals use it as an exit option from an unsatisfying welfare system. The article explores how the welfare state’s benefit structure and citizens’ trust in institutions to deliver public goods affect the likelihood of informality. A logistic hierarchical model, based on cross-sectional survey data from Latin America and the Caribbean and descriptive panel data from Brazil, is used to test the hypothesis. Findings reveal that social policy discontent, low trust, an elitist distribution of welfare benefits, and dysfunctional institutions increase the likelihood of being informally employed. However, workers with greater agency—the better-educated—seem notably less likely to informalize when social policy benefits are targeted toward their own socioeconomic group.

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Ahmed, Sayed. „Architectures of informality“. Acta Structilia 27, Nr. 1 (29.06.2020): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.18820/24150487/as27i1.7.

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13

Shahid, Amal. „Re ‘constructing’ Informality“. Journal of Labor and Society 24, Nr. 1 (19.04.2021): 16–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24714607-20212001.

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Abstract In the latter half of the 19th century the Indian subcontinent was wrought with frequent famines. The colonial state provided relief to the affected population through employment on public works such as roads, canals and railways, in addition to charitable relief. Discussing working conditions, wages, and recruitment, this paper argues that famine labour was characterized by informality under a state regulated employment system, and explores how informality can be conceptualized in a historical context. Coinage of and the distinction between the terms formal and informal is fairly recent, being defined by degrees of state regulation and precarity. This paper, through the case of famine construction workers, offers evidence of practice and adds to the corpus of literature that challenges the distinction between the two terms. Therefore, the paper holds implications for current discussions on interpenetrations between formal and informal economies in the global south.

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Ascensão, Eduardo. „Interfaces of informality“. City 20, Nr. 4 (03.07.2016): 563–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13604813.2016.1193337.

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15

Petrocelli, Rachel M. „Transactions and Informality“. Cahiers d'études africaines, Nr. 218 (06.07.2015): 255–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/etudesafricaines.18105.

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Slonimczyk, Fabián, und Vladimir Gimpelson. „Informality and mobility“. Economics of Transition 23, Nr. 2 (April 2015): 299–341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecot.12064.

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17

Barlow, Clare. „A Studied Informality“. Women: A Cultural Review 18, Nr. 3 (November 2007): 345–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09574040701612460.

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Angélil, Marc, und Cary Siress. „Cairo: Speculative Informality“. disP - The Planning Review 52, Nr. 4 (Oktober 2016): 6–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02513625.2016.1273655.

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19

Neufeldt, Victoria. „Informality in Language“. Dictionaries: Journal of the Dictionary Society of North America 20, Nr. 1 (1999): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/dic.1999.0000.

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20

Chong, Alberto, und Mark Gradstein. „Inequality and informality“. Journal of Public Economics 91, Nr. 1-2 (Februar 2007): 159–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2006.08.001.

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21

La Porta, Rafael, und Andrei Shleifer. „Informality and Development“. Journal of Economic Perspectives 28, Nr. 3 (01.08.2014): 109–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.28.3.109.

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In developing countries, informal firms account for up to half of economic activity. They provide livelihood for billions of people. Yet their role in economic development remains controversial with some viewing informality as pent-up potential and others viewing informality as a parasitic organizational form that hinders economic growth. In this paper, we assess these perspectives. We argue that the evidence is most consistent with dual models, in which informality arises out of poverty and the informal and formal sectors are very different. It seems that informal firms have low productivity and produce low-quality products; and, consequently, they do not pose a threat to the formal firms. Economic growth comes from the formal sector, that is, from firms run by educated entrepreneurs and exhibiting much higher levels of productivity. The expansion of the formal sector leads to the decline of the informal sector in relative and eventually absolute terms. A few informal firms convert to formality, but more generally they disappear because they cannot compete with the much more-productive formal firms.

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22

Dessne, Karin. „Formality and Informality“. International Journal of Knowledge Management 9, Nr. 4 (Oktober 2013): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijkm.2013100102.

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An organisation and its work are formed by social structures in the form of relationships. The aim of this paper is to explore the nature of relationships and its impact on learning with a qualitative approach. A case study focusing on the Land Warfare Centre (LWC) of the Swedish Armed Forces (SwAF) was conducted. The main target of the study was learning from experiences in training and field action. The analysis shows that relationships are characterised by and contributing to 1) local and oral learning, 2) confusion in the formal design of concepts and processes and 3) issues of power, status and trust. The results of this research support and clarify the viewpoint that the nature of relationships – with various degrees of formality/informality – impacts on learning in an organisation. The relationships are formed and re-formed by their preconditions and may be altered through conscious and unconscious changes of the preconditions.

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Badami, Nandita. „Informality as Fix“. Third Text 32, Nr. 1 (02.01.2018): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09528822.2018.1442190.

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Ghose, Ajit K. „Informality and Development“. Indian Journal of Labour Economics 60, Nr. 1 (März 2017): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41027-017-0080-5.

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25

Fabricius, Daniela. „Looking Beyond Informality“. Architectural Design 81, Nr. 3 (18.04.2011): 144–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ad.1253.

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Tello, Mario D. „Informality and Competition“. Pensamiento Crítico 27, Nr. 2 (31.12.2022): 5–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/pc.v27i2.24637.

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Based upon the changes of labor productivity for the economy decomposed by sectors and activities, this paper proposes three hypotheses on the relationship between the informal sector and competition for Peruvian economy in the period 2007-2018. The first one postulates that there might exist product market segmentation between formal and informal firms. The second postulates that the effects of the PTAs on the changes of labor productivity in activities and sectors have been diverse and unclear. The last and third hypothesis postulates that labor productivity changes in Peru and its within and reallocation components have been associated with the fluctuations and the rate of growth of the GDP and the terms of trade. These associations are consistent with the primary- export structure of the Peruvian economy.

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Lin, Daomi, Jiangyong Lu, Peter Ping Li und Xiaohui Liu. „Balancing Formality and Informality in Business Exchanges as a Duality: A Comparative Case Study of Returnee and Local Entrepreneurs in China“. Management and Organization Review 11, Nr. 2 (Juni 2015): 315–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mor.2014.2.

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ABSTRACTThe management paradigms in the West mainly rely on legal contracts and explicit rules (formality), while the management traditions in the East emphasize social relationships and implicit norms (informality). In an era of ‘West-meets-East’, balancing formality and informality is becoming critical for firms, especially those facing institutional differences in transnational contexts and institutional transitions. In this research, we conducted a comparative multicase study on returnee entrepreneurs and local entrepreneurs in China. We found that at the early stage of venturing, returnee entrepreneurs emphasized formality more than informality, while local entrepreneurs stressed informality more than formality. However, the formality-informality balance among both returnee and local entrepreneurs converged over time in line with the institutional transition in China. Returnee entrepreneurs increased the emphasis on informality (but kept the dominant position of formality), whereas local entrepreneurs gradually shifted from informality to formality. The spatial pattern of asymmetrical balancing and the temporal pattern of transitional balancing are both rooted in the Chinese philosophy of Yin-Yang balancing.

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Chapa Cantú, Joana Cecilia, Carlos Emmanuel Saldaña Villanueva und Edgar Mauricio Luna Domínguez. „“Stay at home (if you can)”: informal employment and COVID-19 in Mexico“. Revista Finanzas y Política Económica 15, Nr. 1 (08.05.2023): 135–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.14718/revfinanzpolitecon.v15.n1.2023.6.

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This paper explores the relationship between residential confinement to reduce the spread of the COVID-19 virus, seen as a public policy, and how it affects the informal labor sector, as well as the responseof individuals to the pandemic in the states of Mexico. Forming panels for various levels of informality applied to panel vector auto-regressive (PVAR) shows that staying at home as public policy becomes more effective as informality decreases. In addition, the response of individuals to an increase in the spread of the pande-mic depends on the level of informality: for states with lower rates of informality, individuals respond to a higher concentration of residential confinement. But for states with a higher level of informality, the evidence is not significant. The paper considers the role of informality in the development of an effective public policy.

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McHugh, Fergal. „Informality and Philosophy: A Response to Margolis“. Contemporary Pragmatism 13, Nr. 1 (03.03.2016): 122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18758185-01301007.

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Joseph Margolis argues that philosophy must acknowledge its radical informality. I provide a brief account of what Margolis means by informality and its consequences for the practice of a pragmatist philosophy. I discuss his criticism of Robert Brandom's analytic pragmatism on the grounds that it overemphasizes the potential gains of a formal approach. I highlight two concerns with Margolis’ insistence on informality recommending a reduced emphasis on the consequences of informality for the pragmatist philosopher.

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Dell'Anno, Roberto. „INEQUALITY, INFORMALITY, AND CREDIT MARKET IMPERFECTIONS“. Macroeconomic Dynamics 22, Nr. 5 (23.06.2017): 1184–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100516000663.

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This paper develops a microfounded macroeconomic modeling framework to investigate the relationship between informality and the income distribution. We show that multiple equilibria may rise if credit markets are imperfect and that there is a nondivisible entry cost in the formal economy. The theoretical analysis demonstrates that in the steady state, low levels of inequality are negatively correlated with high informality; conversely, high inequality exacerbates informality. This finding supports the hypothesis of an optimal level of inequality that minimizes the informal economy relative to the impact of other levels of inequality. However, for ordinary income distributions, changes in the level of inequality have only a slight effect on the informality rate. We calibrate the model using data on the U.S. and Mexican economies to estimate the level of inequality that minimizes the informality rate. The self-employment rate emerges as the most relevant determinant of the informality rate.

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La Hovary, Claire. „The Informal Economy and the ILO: A Legal Perspective“. International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 30, Issue 4 (01.12.2014): 391–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2014023.

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Many workers, employers and enterprises around the world are, to varying degrees, in a situation of 'informality'. Although intuitive, the notion of 'informality' is however not easy to define. For many, it evokes a sense of hardship, characterized by precarity, vulnerability, poverty, exploitation and exclusion, for example. It can however have very different connotations for others, who might associate 'informality' with autonomy, entrepreneurialism, or freedom from bureaucratic constraint. Whatever the perspective, however, 'informality' can have a whole range of different potential causes, and their identification, as well as the remedies suggested to overcome them, will vary. Having said this, the concept of 'informality' arguably poses a number of specific challenges from a legal perspective, more specifically concerning how the notion fits within the international and national legal framework relating to the protection of workers. This article proposes to examine these challenges, and the evolution of the understanding of 'informality' within the International Labour Organization (ILO), in light of the recent suggestion that the ILO adopt a recommendation on 'facilitating gradual transitions from the informal economy to the formal economy'. The ILO is an important reference point when discussing informality, on the one hand because of its role in introducing the notion into global development debates, and on the other hand, because of its important role with regards to improving working conditions, and the concerns raised by informality in this respect.

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Chien, Ker-hsuan. „Entrepreneurialising urban informality: Transforming governance of informal settlements in Taipei“. Urban Studies 55, Nr. 13 (18.10.2017): 2886–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098017726739.

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Informality is a common urban experience among cities in the Global South. Given the thin social welfare and weak regulations, the urban subaltern has therefore had to improvise housing and employment in order to survive. Urban informality is hence conceived as a negotiation process through which spatial value is produced. However, under the current wave of urban entrepreneurialisation, informality is often deemed to be inefficient and unproductive in the new economy that the local governments are trying to build. Many of the informal settlements have been subject to demolition in order to make room for new urban development projects. With the cases of waterfront regeneration projects in Taipei, this paper argues that entrepreneurialism and informality are not necessarily mutually exclusive. Rather, through their co-evolution, urban informality actually contributes to the variegation of urban entrepreneurialism. This paper demonstrates how the urban squatters have managed to re-engage informality and urban development by actively participating in the shaping of the entrepreneurial discourses, reinventing their informal settlements as a key feature that contributes to the city’s economic development. However, although this entwining of entrepreneurialism and informality has brought new opportunities to the informal settlements, it has at the same time presented new threats to their current way of life. By focusing on the entrepreneurialising of urban informality, this paper offers a grounded perspective on the ways in which the urban subaltern has reacted to the unfolding urban entrepreneurialism in Taiwan.

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Pratt, Andy. „Formality as exception“. Urban Studies 56, Nr. 3 (20.12.2018): 612–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098018810600.

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In this commentary piece, we are reminded that naming (in-formality) is an inherently political act. Informality is discussed through a number of dimensions: conceptually in relation to the term ‘formal’; considering its (ordinary) presence in the city; discussing the recognition and devaluation of the informal economy; and pointing to the contribution it makes to the global economy. Analytically, it is argued that informality requires a balancing concept of the formal; politically, informality is ‘the Other’, bound into a teleological relationship with the formal, but unable to ever achieve it. As such, informality is tied to and legitimates the ‘formal’. By reviewing the ontological critique and epistemological diversions deployed by some of the articles of this special issue, the commentary shows that the informal economy is not a ‘residual’ category but one that encompasses the majority of the human experience (urban and non-urban). In this sense, it puts forward the suggestion of viewing formality as exception and informality as the norm, for it is difficult to imagine a totally formal activity with no informality. Informality, then, should be interpreted as a hybrid of what is termed formal and informal. In all its varieties, it is shown that informality constitutes the everyday of the city. Yet, this commentary also calls to resist generalisations so as to be able to ‘see’ particular timed and placed informalities that exist in relation to a wider (local) social, political and economic setting, as well as a global one.

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Demalija, Rifat. „Informality vs Politics; The Interactions Between Politics and Social Behavior in Albania, a Retardment for the EU Integration Process“. European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 4, Nr. 4 (21.01.2017): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v4i4.p27-30.

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Is there a causal link for the acceptance of the informality between political class and social behavior? This paper intends to tackle this question exploring the retardment of the integration process and social actors’ behavior in Albania. In this regard, it is very important to understand the high level of informality in Albanian economy, social behavior and the nature of acceptance by political class. Despite the high level of informality, the will of Albanians to join EU remain high. According to the latest opinion polls, 86. 5% of the Albanians would vote in favor of the EU integration, the largest percentage in the EU integration aspiring countries. Political class, majority and opposition both, accuses each other for the retardment of the integration process, to get the highest support of voters, without bringing concrete solution for the informality and changing the situation. Informality in Albania continues to be a big concern for International Institutions which have been supporting and assisting the state institutions towards the formalization of economy. According to CIA World Factbook, the informality in Albania may be as large as 50% of official GDP during last five years. Regardless of the high level of the informality, government representatives and economy analysts argue that Albania is a country that is not affected directly by the crisis. One of the main factors which help the development of the informality in Albania is the widespread corruption, low level of enforcement, bureaucracies in the administration, politicized administration, habitual change of legislation and electoral promises to change the tax system, citizen’s interest for evasion and their adaptability. Another good example to argue our claim regarding the social behavior and links with politics is connected with the non-payment of the electricity not only by citizens, but also by state institutions. In contrast of formal social interaction of different social actors, informality should be read as social disorganization and one of the main obstacles that causes the retardment of the integration process. Keywords: informality, integration, politics, interaction, social behavior. 1.

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Longo, María Eugenia. „Transcending dichotomies: Informal work, young people and the state in Argentina“. International Journal of Comparative Sociology 61, Nr. 2-3 (10.02.2020): 101–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020715220905123.

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Since the beginning of modern labor markets, formal and informal activities have coexisted alongside each other. However, most of the traditional approaches to informality are not fully able to explain the multiple forms by which this phenomenon manifests itself today in certain contexts. Informality in Latin American societies, particularly in Argentina, is heuristically revelatory for illustrating the need for a more complex definition and less rigid theoretical classifications. The main purpose of this article is to contribute to an empirical analysis about informality by addressing two points. First, the article provides a better understanding of the heterogeneous nature of informality—“involuntary” or “voluntary” informal work, “half-formal/half-informal” work—in the field of youth employment. Second, in connection with debates about the sources of informality, the article explores the hypothesis of the existence of state-created informality. The article illustrates these points at different levels: youth careers, employers’ recruitment strategies, and states policies. This perspective seems useful for identifying the actors involved, acknowledging the blurry boundaries between diverse informal situations, and understanding actors’ uses of them. The points are illustrated by evidence from a qualitative and longitudinal study on youth employment careers in Argentina. The article concludes with a discussion about some key issues of informality, such as legality, regulation and agency.

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Tyaghita Cesarin, Binar, Himasari Hanan und Agus Suharjono Ekomadyo. „Urban Design Dimension Of Informality At The Perimeter Of Brawijaya University And UIN Maliki Malang“. SHS Web of Conferences 41 (2018): 07005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184107005.

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Informality is one of the commonly emerged issues in urban design which rarely explored, especially informality within university’s perimeter. Brawijaya as one of the biggest and oldest University in Malang over time has boosted the development of several of its perimeter, provided several hotspots for students and youth. These rapid hotspots growth is related to the growth of informal practices. For cities that developed by its universities, it is necessary to understand both of the formal and informal practices within its perimeter. Through this study I would like to know the characteristic of informality within university perimeter, which formed by Brawijaya, UIN Maliki, and ITN; and to frame it within Carmona’s Urban Design Dimension. Mapping is utilized as a primary method to analyze both formal and informality within site. The formal aspect consists of formal activities, function and site user. While informality mapper consists of street vendors and street art. The research found that while urban informality within Brawijaya and UIN Maliki are related to the character and morphology, its formal structure has; its relation is reciprocal. The morphological, visual and functional dimension of university perimeter is driven by the social, perceptual and temporal dimension formed by its user and showed through informality.

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Furceri, Davide, Pietro Pizzuto, Emilio Colombo und Patrizio Tirelli. „Fiscal Multipliers and Informality“. IMF Working Papers 2022, Nr. 082 (Mai 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9798400209055.001.

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YOSHIDA, Mai. „Revisiting Informality of Labor:“. Annals of Japan Association for Urban Sociology 2020, Nr. 38 (05.09.2020): 65–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5637/jpasurban.2020.65.

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MAITI, DIBYENDU, und ARUP MITRA. „INFORMALITY, VULNERABILITY AND DEVELOPMENT“. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 16, Nr. 02 (Juni 2011): 199–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1084946711001793.

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This paper makes an attempt to estimate the index of informal sector employment that can be attributed to the supply-push phenomenon. Factors explaining the inter-state variations in this index include the industrial-informal sector wage gap, revenue expenditure and development expenditure incurred by the government. Increased development expenditure brings a decline in distress-led informalization because education, health and infrastructure facilities tend to enhance the employability of an individual. However, education as such does not reduce the residual absorption in the informal sector unless there is improvement in quality. The paper also notes an increase in inequality with an increase in distress-led informalization. Adoption of labor intensive technology in the organized or formal industrial sector is indeed crucial for pro-poor growth. The other policy implication is in terms of enhanced investment in the areas of human capital formation and overall development of the region.

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Elsayed, Ahmed, und Jackline Wahba. „Political change and informality“. Economics of Transition and Institutional Change 27, Nr. 1 (12.09.2018): 31–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecot.12198.

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Bigon, Liora, und Ambe J. Njoh. „Embracing Informality – A Commentary“. Cartographic Journal 54, Nr. 2 (24.06.2016): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00087041.2016.1193457.

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Correa, Nelson, und Michele Di Maio. „Informality, tariffs and wealth“. Journal of International Trade & Economic Development 22, Nr. 4 (Juni 2013): 477–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09638199.2011.590598.

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Canclini, Néstor García. „A culture of informality“. Urban Studies 56, Nr. 3 (10.07.2018): 488–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098018782635.

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This article offers an ethnographic account of informality, showing the complicity between the formal sector and the informal economy. Taking the reader on a car journey of urban disorganisation and traffic jams in Mexico City, the analysis shows how informality has become part of an everyday social contract. It is argued that the diverse world of informal practices, working as a popular survival strategy, is also entrenched in the workings of formal institutions, which draw on under-the-counter agreements and exchanges with the illegal economy, be that in the construction of public works in the city, in film and clothes piracy or in the public provision of water, transport, light or Internet services. The global hegemonic system could not function without these agreements: the transition from informality to illegality is slippery. If Mexico City is a global city it is not just for participating in the networks of transnational corporations, consulting firms and international tourism; it is also because of its networks with super brands in legal and illegal production. The article concludes by suggesting that an informal system of production, transactions and distribution of goods and services linking entrepreneurs from all continents can position the city on a global scale through non-hegemonic globalisation.

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Atesagaoglu, Orhan Erem, Deniz Bayram und Ceyhun Elgin. „Informality and structural transformation“. Central Bank Review 17, Nr. 4 (Dezember 2017): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbrev.2017.11.002.

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Maiti, Dibyendu, und Chandril Bhattacharyya. „Informality, enforcement and growth“. Economic Modelling 84 (Januar 2020): 259–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2019.04.015.

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Liu-Evans, Gareth, und Shalini Mitra. „Informality and bank stability“. Economics Letters 182 (September 2019): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2019.06.012.

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Duda, Patrizia I., und Ilan Kelman. „Informal Disaster Diplomacy“. Societies 13, Nr. 1 (28.12.2022): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc13010008.

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This paper develops a baseline and definition for informal disaster diplomacy in order to fill in an identified gap in the existing research. The process adopted is a review of the concept of informality, the application of informality to diplomacy, and the application of informality to disasters and disaster science. The two applications of informality are then combined to outline an informal disaster diplomacy as a conceptual contribution to studies where processes of conflict, peace, and disasters interact. Adding informality into disaster diplomacy provides originality and significance as it has not hitherto been fully examined in this context. This exploration results in insights into disaster, peace, and conflict research through two main contributions. First, the paper recognises that informal disaster diplomacy has frequently been present in disaster diplomacy analyses, but has rarely been explicitly presented, accepted, described, theorised, or analysed. Second, by explaining the presence of and contributions from informality, the discussion assists in re-balancing much of disaster diplomacy research with depth from conflict research, peace research, international relations, and political science.

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Fradejas-García, Ignacio. „Informality on Wheels: Informal Automobilities Beyond National Boundaries“. Migration Letters 18, Nr. 2 (25.03.2021): 149–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v18i2.1175.

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This article unpacks informal practices related to modernity’s quintessential mobility machine: the car. Based on ethnographic fieldwork among low-wage Romanian immigrants in Spain who maintain transnational connections with their regions of origin in Romania, this paper addresses the role of the automobile system and of informal practices in migrants’ daily work and life mobilities. I contend that informal automobilities are a set of livelihood strategies and infrapolitical activities that use cars to confront the constraints of geographical and social mobility regimes. The result is a heavily controlled car system that also provides the flexibility to move informally between formal rules in order to make a living. The transnational approach allows us to go beyond earlier accounts of informality that focus on the local and/or national scale by treating the car as a translocal object embedded socially and economically in transnational relationships. These conclusions contribute to increasing our knowledge of post-structural informality and mobility, but they are also relevant to understanding how a future carless or post-car world would impact on the populations that need, or exploit, the automobile system to survive and would oppose unequal mobility regimes.

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Gómez-Cruz, Nelson Alfonso, David Anzola und Aglaya Batz Liñeiro. „Unveiling the intellectual structure of informality: Insights from the socioeconomic literature“. PLOS ONE 19, Nr. 1 (31.01.2024): e0297577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0297577.

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In the socioeconomic sphere, the concept of informality has been used to address issues pertaining to economic dynamics, institutions, work, poverty, settlements, the use of space, development, and sustainability, among others. This thematic range has given way to multiple discourses, definitions and approaches that mostly focus on a single phenomenon and conform to traditional disciplinary lines, making it difficult to fully understand informality and adequately inform policymaking. In this article, we carried out a multilevel co-word analysis with the purpose of unveiling the intellectual structure of socioeconomic informality. Co-occurring document keywords were used, initially, to delimit the scope of the socioeconomic dimension of informality (macro level) and, later, to identify its main concepts, themes (meso level) and sub-themes (micro level). Our results show that there is a corpus of research on socioeconomic informality that is sufficiently differentiable from other types of informality. This corpus, at the same time, can be divided into six major themes and 31 sub-themes related, more prominently, to the informal economy, informal settlements and informal institutions. Looking forward, the analysis suggests, an increasing focus on context and on the experience of multiple ‘informalities’ has the potential, on the one hand, to reveal links that help unify this historically fragmented corpus and, on the other hand, to give informality a meaning and identity that go beyond the traditional formal-informal dualism.

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Juwita, Ruth Dea, und Yohanes Basuki Dwisusanto. „Spatial integration of urban informality in Jakarta“. ARTEKS : Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur 7, Nr. 3 (30.12.2022): 357–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30822/arteks.v7i3.1663.

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Urban informality is an everyday life phenomenon in Jakarta but has not been extensively discussed, especially in relation to spatial design practice. This is important because formality and informality are not entirely separate but rather interconnected and complementary (Moatasim, 2019). It has also been discovered that on-street informality such as street vending demonstrates the existence and trend of urban space and also acts as the most visible manifestation of the informal economy. Therefore, this research focuses on investigating the integration of urban informality with special attention to its influence on the spatial or architectural aspects. This was achieved through the qualitative method which involves the application of a phenomenological paradigm by participating in the street vending and informal economy on Thamrin 10, Jalan H. Agus Salim, and Jalan Percetakan Negara streets in Jakarta. The results showed that informality is present at different degrees of contemporary urban life and there is a pressing spatial demand for such activities. Moreover, it was discovered that spatial integration of urban informality has the ability to sustain and catalyse greater urban frameworks, including the activities of the formal sector.

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