Dissertationen zum Thema „Informal Awareness“

This thesis seeks to understand how informal awareness, the presence and availability information of coworkers, can be provided in remote contexts through technology. Based on a workplace study, it was discovered that informal communication is an important part of work and is inadequately supported by current technology. Through research, it was suggested that information on presence and availability is that which facilitates informal communication. In order to design for this situation, this thesis features six interactive peripheral display prototypes which seek to provide informal awareness in an unobtrusive and effortless way to geographically distributed coworkers. Going beyond monitors, these prototypes seek to utilize natural human sensory-motor capabilities to ease perception and interaction. The results suggest such devices are appropriate at mediating awareness and have the potential to facilitate informal communication.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been recognized as a leading cause of mortality in older adults involving acute exacerbations as life-threatening events that lead to frequent hospitalization for care. Informal caregivers have been essential to helping older adults with COPD during an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). A lack of empirical knowledge exists regarding the experience of informal caregivers of older adults with AECOPD in situation awareness for recognizing, understanding, and responding to an AECOPD in an emergent situation. This qualitative descriptive study explored situation awareness and its components of perception, comprehension and projection of next steps, including the caregiver’s confidence level during the AECOPD event. Fifteen informal caregivers, ages 31-77 years (mean age 48), who provided care for older adults with COPD were interviewed from an underserved community health center. The overarching theme derived from this study was something was wrong and something needed to be done. Subthemes emerged as a heightened sense of awareness, caregiver tipping point, planning next steps, caregiver confidence, and caregiver commitment. This study utilized situation awareness theory as a relevant guiding framework in exploring the experience of lay informal caregivers caring for older adults with AECOPD events. Study findings provided a description of the complex processes involved, including confidence level, for informal caregiver’s in situation awareness to recognize and respond to an AECOPD event in the older adult. Future targeted interventions need to address strategies to enhance individualized care for older adults with AECOPD events for managing care at home.

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This paper intends to verify the contribution of the work by the cartoonist and journalist Henfil for informal education. The Fradim magazines (issues 1-3) were used to show his contribuition as cartoonist.The literature survey included authors who analyzed Henfil s works, as Silva (2002 , 2004 , 2007) , Moraes (1997 ) , as well as in informal education: Gohn ( 2006, 2008 , 2010) , Bittencourt ( 1999); Fantin (2006 ) and Pacheco (2009 ). The use of comics as media for the contribution to the informal education included authors as Vergueiro (2009 ). It also aims to discuss the techniques used by the author, under the production of comics, their nuances and the scope that media has in contributing to the education and political awareness, especially emphasizing the period of repression and censorship where Henfil s work is inserted. Gubern & Gasca (2011 ) and Eisner (1989, 2005) contributed as authors for this analysis. The objective was to prioritize the upbringing of this artist s work; in order to do that , testimonies of people considered opinion leaders were collected , such as teachers , journalists , cartoonists and politicians who had contact with the work and felt influenced by his creation.Thus, we can say that the Henfil s work had also a social resonance on the them. By considering the Fradim magazines for analysis we seek to understand the author's work in a broad sense, since it appeared only in fragmented forms in other newspapers and magazines.The depictions of Henfil meant a way of opposition to the military regime , as well as his contributions to a broad new way of education and training : the one that comes through various media and from books; of what oneself is exposed to in everyday life.These contacts contribute to the educational training of people, however that does not happen in the formal educational spaces and are important for the perception of reality. Even that Henfil had used various languages and media to highlight his work, such as magazines, newspapers, television, theater and even film, the contribution offered by the comics may be considered unique, since it contributes to the formation of new readers, as well as the perception of a world that is inferred by the design, the graphic forms and language, which are not distanced from the critical conception of the subjects covered.
Este trabalho tem como intenção verificar a contribuição da obra do cartunista e jornalista Henfil para a educação informal. Considerando seu trabalho como cartunista, foram utilizadas as revistas Fradim (número 1 ao 30), atentando-se para a sua contribuição no âmbito das charges e cartuns. A pesquisa bibliográfica compreendeu autores que voltaram seu olhar para a análise do trabalho do Henfil, como Silva (2002; 2004; 2007), Moraes (1997), bem como sobre a educação informal como Gohn (2006; 2008; 2010), Bitencourt (1999); Fantin (2006) e Pacheco (2009); o uso dos quadrinhos como mídias para a contribuição para a educação informal compreendeu autores como Vergueiro (2009). Também se objetivou discutir as técnicas utilizadas pelo autor no âmbito da produção dos quadrinhos, de suas nuances e do alcance que essa mídia tem na contribuição para a educação e para a conscientização política, principalmente, ressaltando-se o período de repressão e censura em que está inserida a obra do Henfil. Para essa análise da linguagem chargística, contribuíram autores como Gasca e Gubern (2011) e Eisner (1989; 2005). O objetivo foi priorizar o caráter formador da obra desse artista; para tanto, foram utilizados depoimentos recolhidos de pessoas consideradas formadoras de opinião, como professores, jornalistas, cartunistas e políticos, que tiveram contato com a obra e sentiram-se influenciadas por sua criação. Sendo assim, é possível afirmar que a obra do Henfil teve ressonância social, também pelos formadores de opinião. Considerar as revistas do Fradim para a análise constituiu-se numa busca de examinar a obra do autor de uma forma ampla, já que em outros jornais e revistas da época ela aparecia apenas de forma fragmentada. As representações de Henfil significaram uma expressão de oposição ao Regime Militar, assim como suas contribuições para uma nova e diversa maneira de produzir discursos e práticas educativas: a que surge por meio das mídias diversas, dos livros, daquilo com que se tem contato no cotidiano. Tais relações contribuem para a formação educativa das pessoas, por mais que não aconteçam nos espaços formais de educação, são importantes para a percepção da realidade. Mesmo que Henfil tenha se utilizado de diversas linguagens e mídias para evidenciar sua obra, tais como revistas, jornais, televisão, teatro e até cinema, a contribuição oferecida pelos quadrinhos pode ser considerada ímpar, já que contribuiu na formação de novos leitores, assim como para a percepção de um mundo que está inferido pelo desenho, pelas formas gráficas e pela linguagem, que não se distanciavam da concepção crítica sobre os assuntos abordados

The aims of the present study were to investigate the relationship among preservice science teachers&rsquo
informal reasoning regarding nuclear power plant construction, epistemological beliefs and metacognitive awareness. Throughout 2010-2011 fall and spring semesters, a total of 674 pre-service science teachers participated in the study. Data were collected through Schommer&rsquo
s Epistemological Questionnaire, Metacognitive Awareness Inventory, and Open-ended Questionnaire Assessing Informal Reasoning regarding Nuclear Power Usage. MANOVA, correlational analysis, and stepwise multiple regression analyses were conducted. The analyses revealed that the differences between pre-service science teachers&rsquo
epistemological beliefs within the two decision making groups were not statistically significant. Besides, results of the bivariate correlation revealed that there were statistically significant correlation between pre-service science teachers&rsquo
total argument construction and all the dimensions of SEQ except omniscient authority. Also, there was a significant correlation between pre-service science teachers&rsquo
certain knowledge dimension of SEQ and their counterargument construction. Moreover, the differences between pre-service science teachers&rsquo
metacognitive awareness within the two decision making groups were not statistically significant. Results of the bivariate correlation revealed that there was a significant correlation between preservice science teachers&rsquo
metacognitive awareness and informal reasoning outcomes. Finally, stepwise multiple regression analyses revealed that pre-service science teachers&rsquo
information management strategy was the only significant predictor for their rebuttal construction. Declarative knowledge was the best predictor of preservice science teachers&rsquo
counterargument construction while the second best predictor was certain knowledge for their counterargument construction. Finally declarative knowledge was the only significant predictor for the amount of preservice science teachers&rsquo
reasoning modes.

Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of the study was to develop the content of a programme to increase the awareness of women in Duncan Village of I) the potential role of food micro-enterprises in the improvement of food security; 2) the consumer demand concerning the operations of food micro-enterprises; and 3) appropriate microenterprise training programmes available in the greater East-London area. This was based on an identified need for the inclusion of a module on food security in a comprehensive programme to prevent growth failure in 0 to 24-month-old children attending local government clinics in Duncan Village by improving the capacity of mothers or primary caregivers to care for their children. Food security is defined as access by all people at all times to enough food for an active, healthy life. The potential role of food micro-enterprises in the improvement of food security was established through a literature review. It was established that street foods contribute to individual food security by providing food where people work or congregate at cheap prices, thus increasing availability. It also helps in meeting energy and nutritional needs if safe, nutritious food is provided. The main method by which it increases an individual's access to food is by supplying an income to food micro-enterprise owners if they sell street foods. The consumer demand concerning the operations (including the products) of food micro-enterprises was determined through personal interviews with the customers and non-customers of food micro-enterprises in Duncan Village, using a structured questionnaire. One hundred and twenty-nine customers and 129 non-customers were selected using a combination of cluster and convenience sampling. Food microenterprises operating at the schools and on pavements in Duncan Village and at the taxi rank in East London were included. The results of this particular survey indicate that the consumer behaviour is influenced by the trade area where the customers purchase their food, the age and gender of the customers as well as the friendliness of the vendor. The product choice of consumers was mostly determined by taste, price and how filling the food is. There was general satisfaction with the operating times of, and the products sold by, food micro-enterprises. Street food consumers were least satisfied with the locations where the enterprises were situated. The dusty environment was given as a reason for dissatisfaction. Further, cleanliness of the food, the vendor and the environment were the main problems cited, especially by the non-customers. The appropriateness of micro-enterprise training programmes available in the greater East London area for current and prospective food micro-enterprise owners in Duncan Village was determined by compiling a profile of food micro-enterprises, their owners and their business operations in Duncan Village; identifying the features of the ideal training programme for current and prospective food microenterprise owners in Duncan Village; investigating the supply of micro-enterprise training in the greater East London area; and evaluating the appropriateness of the identified training programmes. The profile of food micro-enterprises in Duncan Village owned by women, included a profile of the owners, the enterprise itself as well as the business operations thereof. The data were gathered by means ofa personal interview (using a structured questionnaire) with the owners of food micro-enterprises. The enterprises included in the study were operated by women producing and trading processed foods from non-permanent structures at schools and on pavements in Duncan Village, as well as at the taxi ranks in East London. Systematic sampling techniques were used to select food micro-enterprises at the schools while all the enterprises at the pavements and at the taxi rank were included. This resulted in the inclusion of 41 food micro-enterprises. The results indicated that the profiles of these owners do not differ significantly from micro-enterprise owners operating in the informal sector elsewhere in South Africa. Furthermore, they indicated a clear need for training in all aspects regarding their business operations. The identification of the features of the ideal micro-enterprise training programme for the training of current and prospective female food micro-enterprise owners operating in Duncan Village was based on the profiles of street food consumers and food micro-enterprise owners, discussions with experts and on the literature. The identified features were used for the development of a framework to evaluate the appropriateness of micro-enterprise training in the greater East London area for current and prospective food micro-enterprise owners in Duncan Village. The supply of micro-enterprise training in the greater East London area for food micro-enterprise owners was investigated using a structured questionnaire, completed during a personal interview with the training managers of the organisations. All governmental and non-governmental organisations in the area offering training programmes with the objective to motivate and enable persons to establish a microenterprise in the informal sector; or with the objective to enable established micro-enterprises to operate more efficiently within the informal sector, were included in the study population. These organisations were identified through snowball sampling and resulted in ten organisations and 17 programmes being included. Subsequently, the appropriateness of micro-enterprise training programmes available in the greater East London area for current and prospective food micro-enterprise owners in Duncan Village was evaluated using the Evaluation Framework. The results indicate that only one programme, combining business management and cooking skills, could be rated as appropriate for current and prospective food microenterprise owners in Duncan Village. Five other programmes could be rated as moderately appropriate for particular groups. These programmes, with the exception of one, included business management skills and no cooking skills. The remaining programmes were rated as either not very appropriate or inappropriate for current and prospective food micro-enterprise owners in Duncan Village. It is concluded that a need for the mentioned awareness-creating programme exists. Furthermore, it is recommended that the programme developed in this research, be used as basis for the household food security module of the comprehensive programme.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die studie was die ontwikkeling van 'n program om die bewustheid van vroue in Duncan Village ten opsigte van 1) die bydrae wat voedsel mikro-ondernemings tot die verbetering van voedsel sekuriteit kan lewer; 2) verbruikers se behoeftes betreffende die bedrywighede van voedsel mikroondernemings; en 3) toepaslike mikro-onderneming opleidingprogramme in die groter Oos Londen area te verhoog. Die behoefte om 'n module oor voedselsekuriteit in 'n omvattende intervensie program in te sluit, is reeds geïdentifiseer. Hierdie intervensie program het ten doeI om groeivertraging in 0 tot 24 maande oue kinders, wat munisipale klinieke in Duncan Village besoek, te voorkom deur die versorgingkapasiteit van hul moeders of primêre versorgers te verhoog. Voedselsekuriteit word gedefinieer as toegang deur alle mense, ten alle tye, tot genoegsame voedsel vir 'n aktiewe, gesonde lewe. Die potensiële rol wat voedsel mikro-ondernemings in die verbetering van voedselsekuriteit kan speel, is deur middel van 'n literatuuroorsig vasgestel. Daar is vasgestel dat die voedsel wat deur hierdie ondernemings verkoop word tot individuele voedselsekuriteit bydra deurdat dit goedkoop voedsel beskikbaar stel by plekke waar mense werk of andersins bymekaar kom. Indien veilige en voedsame voedsel voorsien word, kan dit help om energie- en voedingbehoeftes te bevredig. Die belangrikste metode waardeur dit 'n individu se toegang tot voedsel verhoog, is deur 'n inkomste aan die eienaars van voedsel mikro-ondernemings te verskaf. Verbruikers se behoeftes betreffende die bedrywighede, insluitend produkte, van voedsel mikroondernemings is met behulp van gestruktureerde vraelyste tydens persoonlike onderhoude met die kopers en nie-kopers van voedsel van hierdie ondernemings, bepaal. Eenhonderd nege-en-twintig kopers en niekopers is onderskeidelik geselekteer deur 'n kombinasie van bondel- en geriefssteekproefneming te gebruik. Die voedsel mikro-ondernemings wat handel gedryf het by skole en op sypaadjies in Duncan Village, asook dié by die taxi staanplek in Oos Londen, is in hierdie steekproef ingesluit. Die resultate van hierdie opname toon aan dat verbruikergedrag bepaal word deur die gebied waar verbruikers hul kos koop, die geslag en ouderdom van die verbruiker, en die vriendelikheid van die verkoper. Verbruikers se produkkeuse word grootliks bepaal deur die smaak, koste en die vullingsvermoë van die voedsel. Verbruikers was oor die algemeen tevrede met die bedryfsure en die produkte van voedsel mikroondernemings. Hulle was egter die minste tevrede met die area waar die ondernemings bedryf word, hoofsaaklik vanweë die stowwerigheid van die omgewing. Nie-kopers in die besonder het die higiëne van die voedsel, die verkoper en die omgewing as hul grootste bronne van kommer bestempel. Die toepaslikheid van beskikbare mikro-onderneming opleidingprogramme in die groter Oos Londen omgewing vir huidige en voornemende eienaars van voedsel mikro-ondernemings in Duncan Village is geëvalueer deur die volgende stappe uit te voer: 'n Profiel van voedsel mikro-ondernemings, met inbegrip van die eienaars en die besigheidsaktiwiteite, is saamgestel. Die eienskappe van die ideale opleidingprogram vir huidige en voornemende eienaars van voedsel mikro-ondernemings in Duncan Village is geïdentifiseer, die beskikbaarheid van mikro-onderneming opleiding in die groter Oos Londen omgewing is ondersoek en die toepaslikheid van die geïdentifiseerde programme is geëvalueer. Die profiel van voedsel mikro-ondernemings in Duncan Village, het 'n profiel van die eienaars, die onderneming self en die besigheidbedrywighede ingesluit. Die data is ingesamel deur gestruktureerde vraelyste gedurende 'n persoonlike onderhoud met die eienaars van voedsel mikro-ondernemings te voltooi. Die ondernemings wat in die studie ingesluit is, is bestuur deur vroue wat voedsel vervaardig en verkoop vanaf nie-permanente strukture by die skole en op die sypaadjies in Duncan Village, asook die taxi staanplek in Oos Londen. Sistematiese steekproefnemingmetodes is gebruik om die voedsel mikroondernemings by die skole te selekteer. Al die ondernemings wat vanaf die sypaadjies in Duncan Village en die taxi staanplek in Oos Londen bedryf is, is ingesluit. Een-en-veertig voedsel mikroondernemings is in die studie populasie ingesluit. Die resultate het aangedui dat die profiel van die eienaars nie wesentlik verskil het van dié van algemene mikro-onderneming eienaars in die informele sektor elders in Suid Afrika nie. Bykans alle eienaars het aangedui dat daar by hulle 'n behoefte bestaan vir opleiding in alle aspekte rondom die bestuur van hulle besighede. Die eienskappe van die ideale mikro-onderneming opleidingprogram vir huidige en potensiële eienaars (vroulik) van voedsel mikro-ondernemings in Duncan Village, is gebaseer op die profiele van die verbruikers en eienaars van voedsel mikro-ondernemings, besprekings met kundiges op die gebied en relevante literatuur. Die geïdentifiseerde eienskappe is gebruik vir die ontwikkeling van 'n raamwerk om die toepaslikheid van mikro-onderneming opleidingprogramme in die groter Oos Londen area te evalueer. Die beskikbaarheid van mikro-onderneming opleiding programme in die groter Oos Londen omgewing, vir voedsel mikro-onderneming eienaars, is met behulp van 'n gestruktureerde vraelys wat tydens 'n persoonlike onderhoud met die opleidingbestuurders van die organisasies voltooi is, ondersoek. Alle regerings- en nie-regerings organisasies in die omgewing wat opleidingprogramme met die doel om persone te motiveer en in staat te stel om 'n voedsel mikro-onderneming in die informele sektor te vestig, of om 'n gevestigde voedsel mikro-onderneming meer effektief te bedryf, aanbied, is in die studie populasie ingesluit. Tien organisasies en 17 programme is deur middel van sneeubal steekproefneming geïdentifiseer en ingesluit. Die toepaslikheid van beskikbare mikro-onderneming opleidingprogramme in die groter Oos Londen omgewing is deur middel van die Evaluering Raamwerk geëvalueer. Die resultate het aangedui dat slegs een program wat ondernemingsbestuur- en voedsel voorbereidingsvaardighede gekombineer het, as toepaslik vir huidige en voornemende voedsel mikro-onderneming eienaars beskou kon word. Vyf ander programme kan as redelik toepaslik vir sekere groepe gesien word. Almal behalwe een van hierdie programme het ondernemingsbestuurvaardighede ingesluit, maar geen voedsel voorbereidingsvaardighede nie. Die oorblywende programme is as nie baie toepaslik of geensins toepaslik vir huidige en voornemende eienaars van voedsel mikro-ondernemings in Duncan Village geëvalueer. Daar is tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat daar 'n behoefte bestaan vir die bogenoemde bewusmakingprogram. Daar word verder aanbeveel dat die program wat in hierdie navorsing ontwikkel is, as 'n basis vir die huishoudelike voedselsekuriteit module in die omvattende intervensie program gebruik word.

This qualitative research study examines six participant's awareness and understanding of a Treatment Literacy (TL) programme implemented by the Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) in the Western Cape in the period 2001 to 2009. The study investigates what attracted the participants to the TAC; what they learnt and how this was taught; the extent, if any, to which participant's experiences changed their understanding of HIV and AIDS, sexuality, treatment and other health-related practices. To analyse participants' awareness levels, understanding and experiences, I drew on Freire (1970; 1985) and Mezirow (1991; 1994) adult education literature, more specifically literature addressing the social movements and how activists learn and teach in different context (informal and non-formal) such as Newman (1995) and Foley (1999). These perspectives underpin the central argument of the thesis, namely that adult education is contextual and has impact on awareness, understanding and experiences and in this case HIV and AIDS. A primary finding of the study is how the participants in the study perceived the world as central to their learning. Learning is thus a substantially personal experience; however, the development of the individual frequently occurs within a group dynamic. Participants felt that being part of TAC and fighting for access to treatment and helping other people who are either HIV positive or affected by HIV and AIDS, helped them in turn to deal with their own challenges of being HIV positive and affected with HIV and AIDS. Being HIV positive and receiving education from TAC has given participants dignity and the necessary consciousness to obtain control of their life. Participants also reported that the TL programme boosted their confidence and raised their level of awareness and understanding of the topic.

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
This research aims at verifying how the animal rights are approached in child?s animations, in order to characterize its contributions to the formation of citizens that are conscious regarding their role in respecting the animals in a sustainable development context. This study lectures about the sustainability and sustainable development concepts and the discussion about the theme in society. The aim is to relate this discussion to animal rights, emphasizing the initiatives that occur in this direction. Information is discussed as the basis of knowledge and awareness in society. It seeks to characterize the information transmitted through cinematographic animations aimed at children as a tool to raise awareness of animal rights, that is, as a means of educating to form citizens of value, guided by the concept of sustainability. This is an empirical study of a qualitative nature, whose exploratory objective is based on a documental research of the children's animations and whose analysis and interpretation of the data are guided by the method of content analysis. As a result, it is concluded that animations, when dealing with the relationship between men and animals, adopt basic concepts of speciesism and anthropocentrism, showing situations close to the prior knowledge of the public that they want to reach, contributing to the awareness of animal rights.
Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo verificar a abordagem dada aos direitos dos animais nas anima??es infantis, a fim de caracterizar a exist?ncia de contribui??es na forma??o de um cidad?o consciente de seu papel no respeito aos animais em um contexto de desenvolvimento sustent?vel. O estudo disserta sobre o conceito de sustentabilidade e desenvolvimento sustent?vel e a discuss?o ? respeito do tema na sociedade, relacionando-o com o direito dos animais, dando ?nfase ?s iniciativas que ocorrem nesta dire??o. Discorre-se sobre informa??o como a base do conhecimento e conscientiza??o na sociedade, observando caracter?sticas fundamentais para uma comunica??o. Na pesquisa, propriamente dita, procura-se caracterizar a informa??o transmitida pelas anima??es cinematogr?ficas destinadas ao p?blico infantil, enquanto recurso para a compreens?o dos direitos animais, ou seja, como um meio de gerar conhecimento para a formar cidad?os conscientes, orientados pelo conceito da sustentabilidade. Trata-se de um estudo emp?rico, de car?ter qualitativo e quantitativo, cujo objetivo explorat?rio se d? a partir de uma pesquisa documental das anima??es infantis e cuja an?lise e interpreta??o dos dados s?o orientadas pelo m?todo de an?lise de conte?do. Como resultado, conclui-se que as anima??es, ao tratarem da rela??o entre os homens e os animais, adotam conceitos b?sicos do especismo e antropocentrismo, evidenciando situa??es pr?ximas ao conhecimento pr?vio do p?blico que deseja alcan?ar, contribuindo para a conscientiza??o dos direitos animais.

The aim of this dissertation, Do No Harm: Trauma-Informed Lens for Trauma-Informed Ministry: A study of the Impact of the Helping Churches in Trauma Awareness Workshop (HC-TAW) on Trauma Awareness Among Predominantly African- and Caribbean-American leaders in Church of God 7th Day churches in the Bronx and Brooklyn, New York, is to conduct an experimental study assessing whether HC-TAW is an effective intervention to increase trauma awareness among participating leaders?pastors and lay leaders. The study used a trauma-informed quiz as a pretest to measure trauma awareness of 41 participants (participants from churches in the two experimental groups)) prior to participation in HC-TAW. The same trauma-informed quiz was given to participants as a posttest to assess whether change in levels of trauma awareness occurred. A control group of 10 participants also completed the trauma-informed quiz but did not participate in HC-TAW. Chapter 1 develops the purpose, goal, ministry context, and general scope of this study. Chapter 2 provides a review of germane literature related to the need for trauma awareness, nature and impact of psychological trauma, healing trauma, the fundamental elements of trauma-informed care (TIC)/trauma-informed ministry (TIM), and biblical and theological literature advocating for trauma-informed ministry. Chapter 3 sets forth the research methodology utilized in recruiting and selecting participants, description of instrument used to collect and measure data, and a description of how the intervention was executed. Chapter 4 presents an analysis of the findings. Chapter 5 assesses the data and points to strategies for areas of further research of trauma awareness among leaders in the Church of God 7th Day and leaders in other denominations or faith-based organizations.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the assumptions that underpin contemporary hospital infection control programs from the perspective of the influence of clinical culture on the integration and ownership of the infection control program. The results of numerous studies have linked low levels of adherence with infection control principles amongst health care providers as the most significant factor contributing to nosocomial infection. Despite early successes in reducing nosocomial infection rates, results derived from current research demonstrate that nosocomial infection has remained a challenge to healthcare providers and patients alike and outbreaks are regularly reported in the infection control literature. Serious economic and social impact has resulted from the increasing levels of antibiotic resistance that have been reported amongst pathogens associated with nosocomial infection. This interpretive study takes an ethnographic approach, using multiple data sources to provide insight into the culture and context of infection control practice drawing upon clinicians' work and the clinician's perspective. There were three approaches to data collection. A postal survey of surgeons was conducted, a group of nurses participated in a quality activity, and a clinical ethnography was conducted in an intensive care unit and an operating theatre complex. Data were analysed in accordance with the qualitative and quantitative approaches to data management. Findings indicate that the clinical culture exerts significant influence over the degree to which the infection control program activities change practice and that rather than imposing the infection control program on the clinical practice setting from outside, sustained practice change is more likely to be achieved if the motivation and impetus for change is culturally based. Moreover surveillance, if it is to influence clinicians and their practice, must provide confidence in its accuracy. It must be meaningful to them and linked to patient care outcomes. Contemporary hospital infection control programs, based on assumptions about a combination of surveillance and control activities have resulted in decreased nosocomial infection rates. However, sustained infection control practice change has not been achieved despite the application of a range of surveillance and control strategies. This research project has utilized an ethnographic approach to provide an emic perspective of infection control practice within a range of practice contexts. The findings from this study are significant within the context of spiraling health costs and increasing antibiotic resistance associated with nosocomial infection.

In January 2002 Bill Gates sent out the renowned "Trustworthy Computing" memo where he announced that the company would shift their focus from adding new features and functionality to security and privacy. This was what led to the formulation of the Security Development Lifecycle (SDL). This process is now mandatoryfor all development at Microsoft with meaningful business risk and/or with accessto sensitive data. The SDL led to great improvements of the number and severityof vulnerabilities in the products that went through the process. When the vulnerabilitiesin the Operation System (OS) were diminished Microsoft noticed thatthe threats moved to the application layer. This led to them wanting to spread their model to application developers. One interesting target group is mid-sized Independent Software Vendors (ISVs), mainly because there are so many of them. Finding out what development process they use today and how they would benefitfrom and could be informed about the SDL is of interest for Microsoft. Interviews with Microsoft evangelists, security experts and representatives from the target group has been preformed to get a better understanding of the situationtoday and how it could be improved. The interviews have resulted in a numberof recommendations for how to adjust the SDL and the information concerningthe process to meet mid-sized ISVs needs. A clear need for information, that is categorized and directed to the different bussiness areas in the software industry, with specific recommendations and courses of action for each of them, has beenidentified. The inter views have also resulted in a situation analysis of the security awareness at the target group today and the experts view of what activities in the SDL they would benefit from. The maturity level amongst the ISVs was found to be low and their own estimated vulnerability level was low. The estimated security awareness in the future on the other hand is high, this can be accounted for the upcoming migration to cloud services that is requested by the customersand the security issues this will lead to. One thing that is agreed upon that would be suitable to introduce is threat modeling. This requires little security knowledge yet leads to dramatic reduction in vulnerabilities. The experts have also shared improvements they think could be made on the SDL.

Dissertação de Mestrado em Política Social
No universo dos Bombeiros Municipais da Zona de Santarém Ribeirinho, estudou-se uma dimensão de risco, deixando em aberto o espaço para a reflexão sobre situações que envolvem estes profissionais. Pela importância do seu desempenho, sobre as condições e necessidades deste grupo face a sua missão e a sua representação dentro da comunidade, as organizações deverão ter em conta a proteção dos trabalhadores, sendo imperativo reconhecer e proceder como estando integrados num todo profissional e social. Informar, sensibilizar e promover fomentando o pensamento positivo, são objetivos desta dissertação indo ao encontro dos valores e deveres individuais, atendendo as políticas sociais que podem defender estes profissionais no sentido da melhoria da qualidade de vida, sob o lema da mudança de uma visão social quer na dinamização, quer nas formas de gestão de recursos existentes. Pela suscetibilidade do tema e do universo em estudo com base numa análise qualitativa certificando-se quantitativamente, conclui-se que não só as medidas sociais deverão proteger os trabalhadores garantindo segurança, proteção e saúde, como as organizações deverão incentivar a formação individual nesta área para um melhor desempenho pessoal e resultado coletivo, no sentido de mais garantias, mais satisfação, maior responsabilização, logo mais harmonização e produção num quadro das sociedades modernas.
This dissertation investigates a dimension of risk, opening a space for reflection about the situations that involve the Municipal Fire and Emergency Department of Santarem Ribeirinho Region. Considering the importance of their role and the nature and conditions faced while performing their duty, in conjunction with how they are perceived in the community, the organization has a duty of care to the protect it’s workers enabling them to progress socially and professionally. To inform sensitively, to encourage and promote awareness of positive thought are the main objectives, alongside setting out the values and duties based on the policies and procedures that support these professionals that direct them towards positive action, hence improving and enhancing their quality of life, allowing social change within existing resources. Given the sensitive nature of the study, based upon qualitative analysis certifying itself quantitatively, it concludes that policies and procedures protect workers guaranteeing their security inclusive of health and safety, however organisationally they should also motivate individuals for better performance including learning and personal development that results in improved team dynamics, job satisfaction and better outcomes within the framework of a modern society.

The diploma thesis deals with the issue of building security awareness at grammar schools. The thesis can be divided into three main parts. The introductory part introduces the theoretical definition of basic concepts in the area of information security and a brief description of the legislative requirements to be followed in solving the work. The second part analyzes the current situation of selected grammar school, including risk analysis, HOS 8 analysis and SWOT analysis. In the practical part, the proposal to introduce a security awareness program adapted to the grammar school.

This diploma thesis is focused on the development of informational environment safety awareness at primary schools. The thesis consists of three main parts. The introduction explains the basic safety terms and briefly describe the legislative essentials necessary for this proposal. The second part consists of the analysis of the current situation at the school chosen for this research, including SLEPT analysis, Porter´s analysis, 7S analysis, and SWOT analysis. The practical part introduces the proposal of implementation of the program which is tailored to the requirements and needs of the primary school. The final part evaluates the pros and cons of the implemented solution.

Les tableaux de bord ont un grand potentiel pour informer le travail, les décisions et les pratiques en éducation. Nous étudions la conception et l'utilisation des tableaux de bord pour informer les pratiques des enseignants lorsqu'ils aident les apprenants à utiliser les plates-formes d'apprentissage en ligne. Nous examinons spécifiquement ce que les enseignants "font" réellement avec ces technologies dans leur travail quotidien et à long terme. Nous soutenons que cette recherche a des ramifications sociales, pédagogiques et techniques. Pour comprendre les facteurs sociaux, nous avons besoin d'une enquête critique sur les pratiques pédagogiques et les défis techniques sous-tendus par les tableaux de bord des enseignants. D'autre part, pour concevoir de telles technologies, nous avons besoin de comprendre et considérer profondément les interactions sociales des utilisateurs.Nous avons étudié les tableaux de bord dans le contexte d'apprentissage de langues par vidéoconférence. Les enseignants sont confrontés à un défi majeur : le manque de conscience émotionnelle envers les apprenants en ligne en raison des interactions distantes et médiées par la technologie. Nous avons mené une étude de cas examinant une approche multimodale à la sensibilisation émotionnelle. Nous avons démontré cette approche en utilisant des flux audio et vidéo pour inférer des émotions, des émotions auto-rapportées par les apprenants, et les traces d'interaction contextuelle des enseignants/apprenants sur la plateforme. Nous avons analysé les données émotionnelles, audio et vidéo. Nous avons proposé une approche permettant de combiner les modèles d'émotions discrètes et dimensionnelles. La résultats soulignent la pertinence d'informations multimodales et contextuelles.Ensuite, sur la base de notre première étude, nous avons adopté un processus de conception itératif. Nous avons interviewé cinq enseignants et collaboré avec un responsable pédagogique, un chercheur en langues et deux enseignants. Nous avons mené deux évaluations formelles aboutissant à la conception d'Emodash. Nous avons mené une étude de terrain de deux mois avec cinq paires d'enseignants-apprenants, afin d'examiner comment Emodash sensibilise les enseignants aux émotions des apprenants en ligne et comment cela impact leurs bilans pédagogiques écrits aux apprenants. Les enseignants ont écrit des bilans significativement plus affectifs et formatifs, et moins sommatifs, ce qui suggère une grande prise de conscience des émotions des apprenants. De plus, les enseignants ont approprié Emodash comme un moyen d'évaluation et de réflexion sur leurs pratiques.Après, nous avons étudié les tableaux de bord dans le contexte d'apprentissage mixte : en ligne et en classe. Les enseignants sont confrontés à un défi majeur : le manque d'informations précises pour intervenir auprès des apprenants. Nous avons conçu Progdash sur la base d'entretiens avec sept enseignants et l'avons affiné grâce à un prototypage collaboratif. Nous avons intégré Progdash dans une plateforme d'apprentissage du français en ligne. Nous avons mené une étude de terrain de trois mois avec 29 enseignants pour examiner si Progdash fournit des indicateurs utiles aux enseignants, et comment il impact leurs pratiques. Les enseignants ont trouvé que Progdash facilitait : le suivi, les évaluations, la planification, le partage d'informations, le feedback et leçons. Enfin, nous avons mené une enquête réflexive en nous appuyant sur les résultats d'Emodash et de Progdash. Nous avons articulé les facteurs sociaux - suivi, sensibilisation et réflexion, les pratiques pédagogiques - planification, feedback et accompagnement, et les défis techniques qui interagissent avec la conception et l'utilisation des tableaux de bord des enseignants. Ces dimensions servent de cadre conceptuel pour les technologies de l'information et de macro-implications pour des tableaux de bord adaptés aux besoins et situations des enseignants et des apprenants
Dashboards have great potential in informing teachers' and learners' work, decisions, and practices. In this dissertation, we study the design and use of dashboards to inform teachers' practices when assisting learners in using online learning platforms. We specifically examine what teachers actually "do" with dashboards in their everyday work and in the long run. We argue that this research draws social, pedagogical, and technical ramifications. To understand the social factors, we need a critical inquiry into the pedagogical practices and the technical challenges underpinned by teachers' dashboards. On the other hand, to properly design such technologies, we need a profound understanding and consideration of the social interactions of users.First, we studied dashboards in the context of video-conferencing language learning. Teachers face one main challenge: lack of emotional awareness in online learning due to distant and technology-mediated interactions. We conducted a case study examining a multimodal approach of learners' emotions awareness. We demonstrated this approach by using audio and video streams when inferring emotions along with learners' self-reported emotions and teachers' and learners' contextual interaction traces on the platform. We analyzed emotional cues from the two modalities, audio, and video. We proposed an approach for combining discrete and dimensional emotion. The results highlighted the pertinence of rendering multimodal and contextual emotional awareness information for teachers in such settings.Second, building on our first study, we adopted an iterative design process in which we interviewed five teachers and collaborated with a pedagogical manager, a language researcher, and two teachers. We conducted two formal formative evaluations leading to the design of Emodash. We conducted a two-month field study with five teacher-learner pairs, to examine how Emodash supports teachers' awareness of learners' emotions online and how it impacts their feedback reports written to learners. The results showed that Emodash led teachers to write significantly more affective and formative feedback, and less summative feedback, suggesting a stronger awareness of learners' emotions. Also, the dashboard led teachers to reflect on the way they conduct lessons, using learners' emotions as a proxy to evaluate their conduct of teaching.Third, we studied dashboards in the context of remote and blended learning. Teachers face one main challenge: lack of actionable insights to engage in informed interventions. We designed Progdash based on interviews with seven teachers and refined it through collaborative prototyping. We integrated Progdash into an online French vocabulary, grammar, spelling learning platform. We conducted a three-month field study with 29 teachers to evaluate whether Progdash provides useful indicators to teachers about learners' progression, and how it informs teachers' practices to engage in informed interventions. The results showed that teachers found Progdash actionable to inform: monitoring, assessments, planning, information sharing, feedback, and lesson provision. Based on our findings, we discussed implications aimed at improving dashboards to bridge online and in-class learning as well as to foster teachers' and learners' dialog and reflection.Finally, we took a reflexive inquiry building upon the results of the studies of Emodash and Progdash. We articulated the social factors —monitoring, awareness, and reflection, the pedagogical practices —planning, feedback, and coaching, as well as the technical challenges interacting with the design and use of teachers' dashboards. We discussed practical assumptions for each dimension to inform the design and use of teachers' dashboards. Together, these dimensions serve as a wider conceptual umbrella for the design of information-driven technologies and macro-implications for dashboards fitting teachers' and learners' everyday situations

The diploma thesis focuses on proposing an information security management system (ISMS) in a small company. This publication includes theoretical facts, which are needed to understand and design a ISMS. The design proposal of the ISMS itself is based on an analysis of the current status of the company's information security. The proposed security measures are based on the actual state of information security within the company, and on recommendations stemming from the ISO/IEC 27000 standard.

The diploma thesis addresses the topic of security awareness education at secondary schools. The goal is to develop a standardized methodology for building security awareness, which can be used by secondary schools to ensure the protection of their perimeter, their users and others from the user’s actions. The introductory part deals with the basic terminology, existing and forthcoming Czech and international legal acts, norms, regulations and certification in the area of information and cyber security. The practical part includes the methodology chapters describing the building of security awareness at secondary schools.

The global community is experiencing an increasing number of disasters that ranges from earthquakes, floods, storms, epidemics, fires, landslides, hurricanes, tsunamis and social conflicts that result to loss of life and properties. South Africa is dominated by localised incidents, such as wild fires, seasonal flooding, droughts and accidents in the mining industry. Resource-poor communities such as those residing in many parts of South African informal settlements, currently live with a range of stresses and risks including climate risks, HIV/AIDS and access to insecure land. While disaster relief has been at the forefront for quite a long time, communities are increasingly looking at disaster risk reduction as the best solution to safeguard human lives and property. Scholars and policy makers are relying on disaster preparedness and resilience as strategies to ensure disaster risk reduction. Disaster education has emerged as a pinnacle for both the preparedness and resilience by teaching communities about the prevalence of hazards and associated vulnerabilities. The aim of this investigation was to determine how education in particular, curriculum and instructional design contributes to learners’ awareness of hazards and disasters. A mixed method research was used to address the question combining questionnaires, interviews and document study as data collection strategies. The questionnaires were distributed to 150 educators from schools located in informal settlements of Ivory Park in Gauteng, Brits in North West Province, Isipingo in KwaZulu-Natal, Bizana in the Eastern Cape and Khayelitsha in the Western Cape. Interviews were conducted with 5 curriculum specialists, 3 disaster specialists and 2 disaster lectures. The findings of the investigation is that the South African National Curriculum Statements explicitly prescribe hazards and disaster learning outcomes only for Grade 7 Social Science and is silent in other grades and learning areas. Some scholars pointed out that there is no adequate translation of curriculum policy provisions to classroom practice in South Africa, which raises questions on the extent to which learners from South African schools are taught about hazards and disasters as prescribed in the National Curriculum Statements. The investigation also found that educators are overburdened with administrative work and would not be in the position to collaborate with one another to develop learning programmes and to teach indigenous knowledge or hazards and disasters. In this study, it is argued that for education to make effective contribution to learners’ awareness of hazards and disasters, the national curriculum should focus on the broad learning outcomes used as guideline to develop learning programmes for disasters and hazards that are provincial, district and local areas specific. The development and teaching for hazards and disasters should be specified in all grades across all learning areas. Another argument presented in this study is that the National Disaster Management Centre should play a crucial role in mobilising other stakeholders involved in disaster risk reductions to develop learning programmes as they have hands-on experience of managing disasters so that alleviate the burden for educators to be gathering data for learning programme development.
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Humanities Education
unrestricted

Environmental Education is a foundation in strengthening learners and community awareness in all environmental issues, including water pollution-related diseases. This study aimed at investigating the level of environmental education awareness on water pollution-related diseases by learners who live in the informal settlement. And lastly, if possible and feasible, to propose solutions to the perceived water pollution-related diseases found in this informal settlement adjacent to the Jukskei river in Alexandra Township, Johannesburg. The research focused on the introduction of the dissertation in Chapter 1 Theoretical foundations of the research in Chapter 2 Research methodology in Chapter 3 Data analysis, interpretation and discussion in Chapter 4 Conclusions and recommendations in Chapter 5 The study provided various definitions of environment, Environmental Education, The goal, Aims & Objective, Classification & Outcomes, Environmental literacy; water pollution-related diseases, the integration of Environmental education in the RNCS & water pollution-related diseases awareness; Education for Sustainable Development; and the relationship between the development of informal settlement and water pollution related diseases. The outcomes of the investigation indicated that the level of environmental education awareness on water pollution –related diseases by learners at the informal settlement is less at primary level and partially increases at the high schools. In order to increase learners’ awareness on water pollution-related diseases across the curricula there should be an adequate integration of Environmental Education in the RNCS.
Educational Studies
M.Ed. (Environmental Education)

O presente relatório constitui reflexão crítica e fundamentada do percurso desenvolvido no Mestrado de Enfermagem (ME), contexto de prática clínica do Estágio Final, área de especialidade de Enfermagem de Saúde Mental e Psiquiátrica, num projeto comunitário de um hospital de Lisboa. A Esquizofrenia é uma doença grave que afeta 20 milhões de pessoas. Enquanto doença crónica tem impacto profundo na vida da pessoa/família alterando significativamente as dinâmicas familiares, laborais e sociais. Traz desafios à família, fragilizando-a, em particular aos familiares enquanto cuidadores informais. Evidência resultante da revisão Scoping identifica que o EESMP realiza intervenção psicoeducativa com os cuidadores centrada na educação sobre a doença e seu familiar, não revelando dimensão terapêutica com estes. Surge a problemática de promover a saúde mental do cuidador da pessoa com esquizofrenia, no contexto de domicílio. Objetiva-se apresentar uma proposta de intervenção para o cuidador informal da pessoa com esquizofrenia no domicílio, visando aumentar a consciência de si (Awareness) do cuidador e demonstrar a aquisição de competências como EESMP. Adotou-se um referencial sistémico-humanista como fio condutor e orientador para a proposta de intervenção sustentada nos Modelos: dos Sistemas (Betty Newman), das Marés (Barker & Barker) e da Relação de Ajuda Profissional (Chalifour). Foi realizado um percurso de raciocínio indutivo, elegendo-se a metodologia de investigação de estudo de caso procurando-se compreender a vivência do cuidador informal de pessoa com esquizofrenia através da realização de entrevistas, sujeitas a análise de conteúdo. Na dimensão clínica procedeu-se à avaliação familiar por Genograma, Ecomapa, Psicomapa e identificação dos stressores do cuidador. Identificámos que o cuidador vive em função do familiar com esquizofrenia, tendo reduzida awareness
This report is a critical and well-founded reflection of the path developed in the Master of Science in Nursing (MSN), in the context of clinical practice during the internship in the mental and psychiatric health area of specialty, in a community project in a Lisbon hospital. Schizophrenia is a serious disease that affects 20 million people. As a chronic disease, it has a profound impact on the life of the person / family, significantly altering the family, work and social dynamics. It brings challenges to the family, weakening it, particularly family members assuming the role of informal caregivers. Evidence resulting from the Scoping review identified that the Mental Health Specialist Nurse conducts psychoeducational intervention with caregivers centred on education about the disease and their family member, without revealing a therapeutic dimension with them. Thus, arises the problem of promoting the mental health of the caregiver of the person with schizophrenia, in the context of home. The objective is to present an intervention proposal for the informal caregiver of the person with schizophrenia at home, aiming to increase the caregiver's self-awareness (Awareness) and demonstrate the acquisition of skills as a Mental Health Specialist Nurse. A systemic-humanistic framework was adopted as the main thread and guideline for the proposal of sustained intervention supported by the Models: Systems (Betty Newman), Tidal (Barker & Barker) and the Professional Help Relationship (Chalifour). An inductive reasoning path was carried out, choosing the case study investigation methodology, seeking to understand the experience of the informal caregiver of a person with schizophrenia by conducting interviews, subject to content analysis. In the clinical dimension, family assessment was carried out by Genogram, Ecomap, Psych map and identification of the caregiver's stressors. We identified that the caregiver lives for the family member with schizophrenia, having reduced awareness

The aim of the diploma thesis themed Long-term care and the informal persons caring for clients is to identify both positive and negative aspects of the long-term care and its influence on physical and mental condition of persons taking care and their closest relatives. At first, the thesis deals with the issue of long-term care in the Czech republic and its division into two categories, formal and informal. Furthermore, the thesis presents the situation of the informal caregivers who have to face various obstacles arising from the nature of long-term care, such as their complicated relation with the formal institutions, lack of financial support, worsening of their lives' qualities and also lack of social recognition of their status. In order to retrieve the relevant information within the scope of the research question, the method using half-structured interviews was used. The research sample consisted of 7 female respondents from České Budějovice and its surroundings who were taking care of persons between the age of 5 and 71 years. The pesons suffered either physical or mental disorders. Some of them suffered both physical and mental disorder. At the beginning of the research the caregivers received two main questions. The first question was focusing on their perception of the current system of rules for informal caregivers, whether they support it or not. The second question aimed on describing the biggest positives and also the setbacks related to the care of person with some kind of disorder. The outcome of the interviews was that if a person decides to care of a close person with disorder there is a wide network of social services provided for him, even though it could be definitely improved. The issues which could be improved are primarily financial income of caregivers, accessibility and afffordability of relief services, providing more information and education for the informal caregivers, and last but not least the opportunity for caregivers' self-realization and their position at the labour market.

This diploma thesis focuses on information awareness among mothers of children hospitalized at surgical intensive care units. Four research questions were formulated on the basis of literature review. The theoretical part of this thesis gives an overview of basic facts concerning information awareness and care of children at surgical ICUs. Furthermore, it describes the way information is passed on in praktice. A part of the theoretical section also comprises of the list enumerating the most common diagnoses with which children found themselves to be placed at surgical ICUs and it contains, as well, the description of admittance of children for a surgical intervention, pre-surgical care, post-surgical care and discharge of children from hospital to homecare. Collection of data for the practical part of the diploma thesis was conducted at two intensive care units in the University Hospital in Motol, Prague, and UH Brno in the CR. Five respondents were intentionally selected from each ICU with whom semi-structured interviews were conducted, which are summarized in sub-chapter 4.2. The results of interviews with individual respondents were further subjected to analysis and summarized in summary tables. The Diploma thesis had two objectives. The first objective was to ascertain subjective information awareness of mothers about their children´s illnesses and possible complications or consequences related to these illnesses. We wanted to find out whether mothers were subjectively satisfied with information provided about thein children´s illnesses and possible complications or consequences related to these illnesses. We also wanted to discover whether they experienced any information deficit in this area and what were their most frequent questions to the medical personnel. It was ascertained through interviews that the majority of respondents was not satisfied with information provided. The second objective was to discover subjective information awareness pertaining to the period of hospitalization at surgical ICU and child´s subsequent homecare. We wanted to know whether mothers felt that they were kept informed enough about pre-surgical and post-surgical care of their child and whether or not they were satisfied with information pertaining to child´s subsequent homecare. We were also interested in whether or not they experienced any deficit of information received and what were their most frequent questions to the medical personnel. It was discovered through an analysis that the majority of respondents was not satisfied with information pertaining to pre-surgical care and complications which might have arised during the surgical intervention. As for information centred on the date of operation and possible duration of hospitalization most respondents were satisfied with it. Furthermore, the majority of respondents were satisfied with information provided about child´s subsequent homecare. We discovered that respondents were not informed satisfactorily by medical personnel about other contacts such as for clubs for parents, stoma clubs and centres of early intervention. It was possible to ascertain from the results that each respondent saw deficits in different areas of information provision as well. In the list of such information deficit areas are information about the character of surgical intervention, the ward rules, and the fact that doctors and nurses do not have enough time. Moreover, the respondents also perceived the deficit in sharing of information among medical personnel. On the basis of final results which point to experience of unsatisfactory information awareness among mothers about pre-surgical care for the child we developed in a written form the Information for parents about pre-surgical and post-surgical care brochure. We also prepared due to the fact that mothers sensed the lack of written information about the ward the Information for parents about the ward brochure.

This work deals with development of preschool children vocabulary. It focuses on speech self, on its development in relation to thinking and the development from the ontogenetic perspektive. Further, its maps the view on speech development in the past and present. The part dealing with RWCT follows. The thesis tries to outline the basic ideas of this programme and its application in kindergarten. It aims to familiarise readers with new approaches and methods of language and speech development, and to outline the basics of this programme. The thesis also compares this programme with the Start Together programme, which issues from RWCT. Another topic of the thesis is a comparison of the objectives of RWCT and the Framework Education Programme for Preschool Education, where the relationship between RWCT and Framework Education Programme for Preschool Edication objectives is shown. In the practical part of the thesis, statistical data from two kindergartens show whether using RWCT methods in kindergarten positively impacts development of select communication skills of preschool children. The thesis aims to prove that the RWCT methods positively support the overall communication skills and abilities of preschool children.

no
Aims and objectives To (1) investigate the organisation, provision and practice of oral care in typical UK stroke units; (2) explore stroke survivors', carers' and healthcare professionals' experiences and perceptions about the barriers and facilitators to receiving and undertaking oral care in stroke units. Background Cerebrovascular disease and oral health are major global health concerns. Little is known about the provision, challenges and practice of oral care in the stroke unit setting, and there are currently no evidence-based practice guidelines. Design Cross-sectional survey of 11 stroke units across Greater Manchester and descriptive qualitative study using focus groups and semi-structured interviews. Methods A self-report questionnaire was used to survey 11 stroke units in Greater Manchester. Data were then collected through two focus groups (n = 10) with healthcare professionals and five semi-structured interviews with stroke survivors and carers. Focus group and interview data were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using framework approach. Results Eleven stroke units in Greater Manchester responded to the survey. Stroke survivors and carers identified a lack of oral care practice and enablement by healthcare professionals. Healthcare professionals identified a lack of formal training to conduct oral care for stroke patients, inconsistency in the delivery of oral care and no set protocols or use of formal oral assessment tools. Conclusion Oral care post-stroke could be improved by increasing healthcare professionals' awareness, understanding and knowledge of the potential health benefits of oral care post-stroke. Further research is required to develop and evaluate the provision of oral care in stroke care to inform evidence-based education and practice.

This qualitative study uses narrative inquiry (Connelly & Clandinin, 1988, 1990, 2001) and self-study to investigate ways to further understand and facilitate the integration of holistic philosophies of education with media literacy pedagogies. As founder and director of the Youth Media Literacy Project and a self-titled Imagitator (one who agitates imagination), I have spent over 10 years teaching media literacy in various high schools, universities, and community centres across North America. This study will focus on my own personal practical knowledge (Connelly & Clandinin, 1982) as a culture jammer, educator and cancer survivor to illustrate my original vision of a ‘holistic media literacy pedagogy’. This research reflects on the emergence and impact of holistic media literacy in my personal and professional life and also draws from relevant interdisciplinary literature to challenge and synthesize current insights and theories of media literacy, holistic education and culture jamming.