Dissertationen zum Thema „Inflammation balance“
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Motta, Jean-Paul. „Rôle de la balance protéolytique dans l'immunité de la muqueuse intestinale“. Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1883/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTreatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) represents a major medical challenge. Inflammatory processes in the gut are induced by several cells and mediators. Among them, serine proteases are mediators involved in many pathways leading to inflammation in the gut. During this thesis, we have shown that serine proteases and their inhibitors were dysregulated during IBD. On one hand, colonic biopsies from IBD patients released higher amount of proteolytic activity than healthy controls did. On the other hand, the expression of elafin mRNA (i. E. A protease inhibitor) was downregulated in the mucosa of patients suffering from IBD. We have hypothesized that gut inflammation could be reduced by re-equilibrating that balance in the gut, using elafin inhibitor. We have developed several in vivo approaches to evaluate the therapeutic properties of elafin. We used transgenic mice expressing elafin constitutively, we have used recombinant viral vectors and recombinant lactic acid bacteria to express transiently elafin in the gut during colitis. We have also evaluated in vitro the role of elafin in the physiology of human intestinal epithelial cells. Using those different approaches, we have demonstrated that elafin reduced the clinical score of colitis in different models in mice, reduced the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, reduced immune cell infiltration and also restored epithelium homeostasis during inflammation. Those results led us to think that protease inhibitors have a promising therapeutic potential for the treatment of IBD
Walhin, Jean-Philippe. „The impact of exercise and energy balance on metabolic control and inflammation in humans“. Thesis, University of Bath, 2013. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608332.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLorvellec, Marie. „Dialogue entre le complément C1 et l'alarmine HMGB1 dans l'inflammation“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALV033.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleC1s protease is a central component in the initiation of the classical pathway of the complement system. It was originally believed to exclusively target proteins C2 and C4 in this proteolytic cascade. However, recent discoveries have highlighted the presence of constitutively active free C1s in certain pathologies, suggesting a broader role for this protease beyond complement activation. Among the non-canonical targets identified for C1s is the HMGB1 protein, initially described as a nuclear protein involved in chromatin condensation and gene expression.Recent studies have shown that HMGB1 can also be localized in different cellular compartments and plays a crucial role in inflammation when released into the extracellular environment. The main objective of this thesis project was to elucidate the role of C1s cleavage of HMGB1 in modulating the inflammatory response. Our work has shown that HMGB1 digestion fragments have distinct effects from the whole protein on complement activation and macrophage cytokine responses.In particular, we confirmed that the whole protein activates the classical complement pathway when bound to a surface and promotes M1 macrophage polarization in response to LPS. In contrast, fragment f2 is capable of activating the classical complement pathway, even when in solution, while fragment f3 inhibits the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in cell studies. In addition, we explored the impact of cysteine redox state on the effects of HMGB1 and its fragments using mimetic mutants. HMGB1 digestion is restricted when the protein is in disulfide form, suggesting an important role of the disulfide bridge in access to the C1s digestion site. The redox forms of the whole protein do notappear to affect its ability to activate complement, while oxidized fragment f2 may lose its ability to activate it in solution. These results reveal that C1s cleavage of HMGB1 acts as an inflammation timer, orchestrating the inflammatory response through the transition from a pro-inflammatory amplification phase to a resolution phase. These findings open new perspectives for understanding the complex mechanisms of inflammation and the development of therapies for the treatment of inflammatory diseases
Morton, Brian Edward. „The role of microRNA-155 as a master switch determining the balance of inflammation and fibrosis in chronic disorders“. Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/9118/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLattuada, Marco. „Effect of Ventilatory Support on Abdominal Fluid Balance in a Sepsis Model“. Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Klinisk fysiologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-207218.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLe, Thuc Ophélia. „Rôle de l'inflammation hypothalamique dans les dérégulations de la balance énergétique“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Nice, 2015. http://theses.unice.fr/2015NICE4122.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe hypothalamus is a key brain region in the regulation of energy homeostasis, in particular by controlling food intake and energy storage and expenditure by integration of peripheral humoral and nutrient-related signals. Hypothalamic inflammation could alter hypothalamic function, thus deregulate energy homeostasis and induce weight-loss or obesity. We sought to identify mediators that could act as intermediaries between inflammation and neuropeptidergic systems of the hypothalamus that are involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis, focusing on chemokines. First, we studied the effect of a central injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide, mimicking a acute and strong inflammation state in mice. We identified the receptor CCR2 as a central actor in the weight-loss induced by this treatment, possibly by direct inhibitory effects on hypothalamic neurons expressing MCH, a peptide known to have orexigenic and energy conservative effects. Second, we studied links between hypothalamic inflammation, weight-gain and/or high-fat diets consumption that can induce, eventually, obesity. We found in mice that: 1) the chemokine CCL5 would promote weight-gain, possibly by enhancing the activity of hypothalamic MCH neurons; 2) altering the lipid composition of a high-fat diet changes the kinetics of the development of diet-induced obesity, together with changes in the inflammatory profile and 3) an excessive dietary lipid intake can induce very early gliosis in the hypothalamus. Taken together, our results underline the interest of reducing hypothalamic inflammation to fight feeding behavior deregulations and identify chemokines as putative therapeutic targets
MERLOT, Élodie. „Modulation de la production de cytokines par l'environnement“. Phd thesis, Institut national agronomique paris-grignon - INA P-G, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007518.
Der volle Inhalt der Quellecontribue largement au développement et à l'expression de maladies. Dans les espèces sociales, la position sociale occupée dans le groupe module la susceptibilité aux infections mais les supports endocriniens et immunitaires de ces différences de susceptibilité sont ignorés. La remise en cause de l'organisation sociale engendre un stress important dont les conséquences immunitaires sont encore sujettes à controverse.
Ce travail de thèse a pour objectifs (1) de décrire l'influence du statut social sur le fonctionnement des systèmes endocrinien et immunitaire, (2) de préciser les effets du stress
social sur la production de cytokines et la susceptibilité aux infections et (3) de rechercher des facteurs à l'origine de la variabilité des conséquences immunitaires du stress social.
Chez le porcelet, un regroupement après le sevrage élève transitoirement le cortisol salivaire et altère le comportement mais n'affecte pas la réactivité des lymphocytes sanguins.
La suite des travaux a utilisé une procédure de défaite sociale chronique chez la souris. Les résultats obtenus mettent en évidence une influence du statut social. En absence de stress, les
dominants présentent des niveaux de base de corticostérone et une réponse spécifique à la tuberculine supérieurs aux dominés. Suite à une défaite sociale, les dominants sont plus affectés que les dominés. La défaite sociale augmente la réactivité inflammatoire mais ne modifie pas de façon nette l'équilibre de la production de cytokines de type Th1 et Th2 et n'affecte pas l'immunité spécifique développée contre une infection mycobactérienne. Les conséquences immunitaires de la défaite sociale ne sont observées que lorsque le stress est associé à des combats et à des blessures. Ces travaux montrent que la réponse au stress dépend de l'histoire sociale de l'individu, en particulier de son statut social. De plus, les
répercussions immunitaires du stress dépendent aussi de l'histoire immunitaire récente. En effet, une réaction inflammatoire systémique inhibe la libération plasmatique de cytokines
inflammatoires en réponse à un stress psychologique ultérieur.
Jonsson, Yvonne. „Cytokines and immune balance in preeclampsia : a survey of some immunological variables and methods in the study of preeclampsia“. Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Linköpings universitet, 2005. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2005/med924s.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLe, Thuc Ophélia. „Rôle de l'inflammation hypothalamique dans les dérégulations de la balance énergétique“. Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4122/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe hypothalamus is a key brain region in the regulation of energy homeostasis, in particular by controlling food intake and energy storage and expenditure by integration of peripheral humoral and nutrient-related signals. Hypothalamic inflammation could alter hypothalamic function, thus deregulate energy homeostasis and induce weight-loss or obesity. We sought to identify mediators that could act as intermediaries between inflammation and neuropeptidergic systems of the hypothalamus that are involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis, focusing on chemokines. First, we studied the effect of a central injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide, mimicking a acute and strong inflammation state in mice. We identified the receptor CCR2 as a central actor in the weight-loss induced by this treatment, possibly by direct inhibitory effects on hypothalamic neurons expressing MCH, a peptide known to have orexigenic and energy conservative effects. Second, we studied links between hypothalamic inflammation, weight-gain and/or high-fat diets consumption that can induce, eventually, obesity. We found in mice that: 1) the chemokine CCL5 would promote weight-gain, possibly by enhancing the activity of hypothalamic MCH neurons; 2) altering the lipid composition of a high-fat diet changes the kinetics of the development of diet-induced obesity, together with changes in the inflammatory profile and 3) an excessive dietary lipid intake can induce very early gliosis in the hypothalamus. Taken together, our results underline the interest of reducing hypothalamic inflammation to fight feeding behavior deregulations and identify chemokines as putative therapeutic targets
Coquerelle, Caroline. „Contrôle des réponses immunitaires de type Th1 par les lymphocytes T régulateurs naturels et induits“. Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210397.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDes résultats obtenus au sein de notre laboratoire ont mis en évidence l’importance des cellules T régulatrices dans le contrôle des réponses de type Th1 induites à l’aide de cellules dendritiques matures chargées avec des antigènes étrangers. Nous avons, dès lors, étudié le rôle du récepteur CTLA-4 exprimé constitutivement à la surface des cellules T régulatrices dans le contrôle des réponses immunitaires induites à l’aide de cellules dendritiques matures et dans un modèle d’inflammation intestinale. L’injection d’anticorps anti-CTLA-4 induit in vitro et in vivo une inhibition de la production d’IFNγ et protège les souris de la colite pro-Th1 induite par l’instillation de TNBS. Cette protection corrèle étroitement avec l’induction de lymphocytes T régulateurs exprimant fortement la molécule ICOS et sécrétant de l’interleukine 10. De plus, nos résultats suggèrent que l’interleukine 10 et l’indoléamine 2, 3 dioxygénase seraient impliquées dans la fonction régulatrice des lymphocytes T ICOShigh.
Nous avons également analysé les mécanismes impliqués dans le contrôle des réponses de type Th1 par les lymphocytes T régulateurs naturels. Nos résultats suggèrent une régulation différente des réponses Th1 en présence et en absence de cette population régulatrice. En effet, les réponses Th1 sont dépendantes de l’interleukine 12 en présence de lymphocytes T régulateurs naturels, alors qu’en leur absence, la molécule CD70 est requise.
En conclusion, nos résultats suggèrent que les lymphocytes T régulateurs naturels et induits contrôlent les réponses immunes de type Th1. Au cours de ce travail, nous avons mis en évidence des stratégies distinctes par lesquelles ces deux populations régulatrices contrôlent la réponse immune. Ces résultats complètent la compréhension des mécanismes de régulation du système immunitaire et ouvrent de nouvelles perspectives d’approche immunothérapeutique.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
López, Vicario Cristina. „La importancia del balance en ácidos grasos omega-3 y omega-6 en la esteatohepatitits no alcohólica asociada a la obesidad“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/396210.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePolyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are membrane lipids that confer structural and physiological properties to the cell. PUFA are considered essential fatty acids because are obtained through the diet. PUFA are classified in omega-6 and omega-3 and both types share the same pathways for the synthesis of lipid mediators: ciclooxygenases, lipoxygenases and cytochrome P450 (CYP). The competition between omega-3 and omega-6 for the same pathways could lead to metabolic unbalance. High intakes of the inflammatory omega-6 accompanied by a decrease in the amount of the anti-inflammatory omega-3 in the diet could contribute to the progression of inflammatory diseases. Fat-1 mice have a balanced omega-6/omega-3 ratio because they express the fat-1 gene from C.elegans. This gene encodes an omega-3 desaturase that catalyzes the conversion of omega-6 fatty acids into the omega-3. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multifactorial disorder that includes a wide spectrum of hepatic manifestations ranging from fatty liver or hepatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in which hepatic steatosis is accompanied by inflammation. Obesity and insulin resistance are the best known risk factors for NAFLD. Since prevalence of obesity is an emerging public health issue, identifying novel targets in NAFLD is of paramount importance in the prevention of metabolic liver disease. The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of a balanced omega-6/omega-3 ratio in the prevention of obesity-induced NAFLD by using transgenic fat-1 mice. The results of the first study indicate that omega-3 tissue enrichment represent protective actions against NASH. The restoration of the omega-6/omega-3 ratio accompanied by pharmacological interventions of delta-5/delta-6/delta-9 desaturases produces anti-steatotic and anti-inflammatory effects. The results of the second study demonstrate that stabilization of CYP metabolites derived from omega-3 fatty acids through inhibition of the enzyme soluble epoxide hydrolase exerts beneficial actions in cellular homeostasis by regulation autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress in insulin-sensitive tissues, especially liver and adipose tissue. In conclusion, these findings strongly support that modulation of tissue lipid composition to restore the omega-6/omega-3 ratio represent a promising strategy to prevent obesity-related comorbidities, such as fatty liver disease.
Brenet, Alexandre. „Contribution à l'étude des conséquences de l'épilepsie sur le développement cérébral et l'activité des cellules microgliales“. Thesis, Université Paris Cité, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UNIP7135.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEpilepsy is a neurological disease affecting some 50 million people worldwide. It is characterized by recurrent seizures due to the synchronous and spontaneous overexcitation of neuronal populations in the brain. Seizures vary widely in nature, and symptoms dependon the area of the brain affected and its extent. The term ‘epileptic disorders’ is accordingly preferred. These can have many causes, including both genetic (e.g. Dravet syndrome, a rare infantile epilepsy caused in 80% of cases by the heterozygous mutation of the SCN1A gene), and environmental (e.g. after poisoning with organophosphates, compounds present in pesticides and neurotoxic warfare agents). Whether for Dravet syndrome or organophosphate poisoning, current treatments do not enable optimal control of seizures. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of these different forms of epilepsy is thus needed to find new therapeutic targets and new anticonvulsants. Microglial cells are the resident macrophages in the brain. These cells have many functions, which can vary depending on the maturity of the brain. The microglia are the guardians of cerebral homeostasis, continuously ensuring the proper functioning of neurons. They are immune cells able to modulate their activity according to the dangers they detect. In addition, microglia have a special role in synaptic plasticity and the modulation of neuronal excitability. These different roles have prompted numerous hypotheses on the involvement of these cells in the pathophysiology of epileptic disorders. In some, microglia are harmful for the excitability of neurons, through their activation and the chronic secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. Others lend them a beneficial role, with microglia buffering neuronal hyperexcitability and thus decreasing the frequency of seizures. The objective of my PhD work was to study the mechanisms of epileptogenesis involving microglial cells in order to identify new therapeutic targets. I developed two models of epilepsy in zebrafish, a genetic model of Dravet syndrome and a model of organophosphate poisoning. These enabled me to study the modifications of the central nervous system during epileptogenesis. I specifically demonstrated an excitatory/inhibitory imbalance toward excitation that could trigger epileptic seizures. Using the Dravet model, I also successfully characterized the morphological, behavioral and molecular changes of microglial cells after seizures. This work improves our understanding of the consequences of epileptic seizures in the brain and helps pave the way for the discovery of new therapeutic targets to treat different forms of epilepsy
Guerci, Philippe. „Current and new therapies for the critically injured microcirculation The macro- and microcirculation of the kidney Endothelial dysfunction of the kidney in sepsis. Section 15: Infectious Diseases and Sepsis, Chapter 89 Impact of fluid resuscitation with hypertonic-hydroxyethyl starch versus lactated ringer on hemorheology and microcirculation in hemorrhagic shock Glycocalyx Degradation Is Independent of Vascular Barrier Permeability Increase in Nontraumatic Hemorrhagic Shock in Rats Glycocalyx shedding during stepwise hemodilution and microvascular permeability A LED-based phosphorimeter for measurement of microcirculatory oxygen pressure The role of bicarbonate precursors in balanced fluids during haemorrhagic shock with and without compromised liver function Effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) supplementation in resuscitation fluids on renal microcirculatory oxygenation, inflammation, and function in a rat model of endotoxemia Effect of Polyethylene-glycolated Carboxyhemoglobin on Renal Microcirculation in a Rat Model of Hemorrhagic Shock Resuscitation with PEGylated carboxyhemoglobin preserves renal cortical oxygenation and improves skeletal muscle microcirculatory flow during endotoxemia“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0053.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFor the past 20 years, the microcirculation has been regarded as cornerstone in the development of organ failure in critically ill patients. Eventually, the microcirculation became a therapeutic target. Due to the complexity of the microarchitecture of this functional system, varying across organs, one therapy cannot “fit all”. The alterations observed in the critically injured microcirculation involve: (i) the container defined by the different layers of the vascular wall including the endothelial cells and a protective gel called the glycocalyx spread on the surface, where contact with blood is made, (ii) the contents representing the flowing plasma and the different elements of blood and (iii) the extraluminal surrounding tissue. The microcirculation can be injured in various ways, with different levels of injury to these constitutive elements. Thus, to appropriately resuscitate the injured microcirculation, the choice of the optimal therapy or bundle of therapies should be rationalized with a meticulous analysis of the damages suffered by the microcirculation. The evaluation of the microcirculation should be multivariate. In this thesis, the research was mainly focused on the kidney. The first part is dedicated to the review of the structural and functional mechanisms of the renal microcirculation in both healthy and septic states. The second part tries to identify the respective roles of each of the components of the microcirculation in critical conditions especially the glycocalyx and plasma viscosity. The vascular barrier permeability was investigated in hemorrhagic shock and hemodilution models in rodents. The main findings suggest that a gradation in the level of injury to the vascular barrier permeability exist.The last part of the thesis investigated how current and older therapies can modulate microcirculation in terms of oxygenation, inflammation and microcirculatory flow within the kidney. Among therapies investigated, N-acetylcysteine was efficient at limiting inflammation and increasing oxygenation within the kidney. A new generation of hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier showed some efficacy in murine endotoxemic model. Overall, these different findings coalesce to show the importance of having a multivariate analysis of the microcirculation, as each of the therapies acts on a specific aspect of it. Hopefully, this research helped pave the way for a more personalized medicine for the patients
Harvey, Alison Elise. „Energy balance, inflammation, and tumor progression : the role of NF-[kappa]B“. Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-05-3279.
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Hays, Drew. „Energy balance modulation and pancreatic tumor growth : the role of NF-kB“. 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/22659.
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Helfer, Gisela, A. W. Ross, L. M. Thomson, C. D. Mayer, P. N. Stoney, P. J. McCaffery und P. J. Morgan. „A neuroendocrine role for chemerin in hypothalamic remodelling and photoperiodic control of energy balance“. 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/8381.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLong-term and reversible changes in body weight are typical of seasonal animals. Thyroid hormone (TH) and retinoic acid (RA) within the tanycytes and ependymal cells of the hypothalamus have been implicated in the photoperiodic response. We investigated signalling downstream of RA and how this links to the control of body weight and food intake in photoperiodic F344 rats. Chemerin, an inflammatory chemokine, with a known role in energy metabolism, was identified as a target of RA. Gene expression of chemerin (Rarres2) and its receptors were localised within the tanycytes and ependymal cells, with higher expression under long (LD) versus short (SD) photoperiod, pointing to a physiological role. The SD to LD transition (increased food intake) was mimicked by 2 weeks of ICV infusion of chemerin into rats. Chemerin also increased expression of the cytoskeletal protein vimentin, implicating hypothalamic remodelling in this response. By contrast, acute ICV bolus injection of chemerin on a 12h:12h photoperiod inhibited food intake and decreased body weight with associated changes in hypothalamic neuropeptides involved in growth and feeding after 24hr. We describe the hypothalamic ventricular zone as a key site of neuroendocrine regulation, where the inflammatory signal, chemerin, links TH and RA signaling to hypothalamic remodeling.
BBSRC (grant number BB/K001043/1) and the Scottish Government.
Hsiao, Ssu-Fan, und 蕭似帆. „Effects of different banana extracts on Th1/Th2 immune balance, inflammation and PC-3 and MCF-7 cells’ apoptosis“. Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77101628159682468570.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle國立中興大學
食品暨應用生物科技學系所
101
Banana grown widely in tropical and subtropical countries, has been used for treatments of ulcerative colitis, diabetes and hypertension. However, the physiologically active ingredients in banana remain unclear. To unravel active immunomodulatory compounds in banana, components rich in polysaccharides, polyphenols and essential oils, were extracted from banana (Musa sapientum L.) using three different solvents with different polarity, including water, methanol, and n-hexane. The extracts were subjected to evaluate their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory functions in vitro. The active components were further selected to treat human prostate adenocarcinoma PC-3 cells and breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells using direct addition or immunotherapy. The effects of different banana extracts on Th1/Th2 immune responses were first investigated using mouse primary splenocytes. The results showed that banana sarcocarp polysaccharide (BSP) had potent potential to regulate Th1/Th2 immune responses toward Th1 immune balance. Banana peel n-hexane extracts (BPHE) inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory in the splenocytes. BPHE showed the most anti-inflammatory potential among six different extracts using mouse peritoneal macrophages in the absence or presence of LPS. Furthermore, the effects of BPHE on cytokines secretion profile by peritoneal macrophages under specified preventive and curative experiments were assayed. BPHE inhibited both pro- and anti- inflammatory cytokine secretions by peritoneal macrophages in a specified curative experiment, suggesting that BPHE has an inhibitory property to immune responses. In adddition, BSP was purified using gel filtration with sepharose 6B gel, showing that there were two major components fraction-1 (F1) and fraction-2 (F2) in BSP. Both F1 and F2 were suggested proteo-polysaccharides based on their total sugar and protein composition ratios. The molecular weights of F1 and F2 were distributed at >37,000 kDa and 3.4 kDa, respectively, estimated using gel filtration and high performance size-exclusion chromatography. The monosaccharide compositions showed that F1 and F2 were rich in mannose (53.2%) and glucose (94.0%), respectively, using HPLC-UV assay method. In comparison with isolated F1 and F2, F1 modulated Th1/Th2 immune balance toward Th1-inclination, but F2 toward Th2- inclination. We concluded that F1 was a major active component with an immunomodulatory property in BSP. F1 and BPHE were further selected to treat PC-3 and MCF-7 cells using direct addition or immunotherapy. The effects of F1, BPHE and conditioned media of imuune cells cultured with F1 or BPHE on pro-/anti-apoptoic gene expression were determined. The results showed that BPHE direct addition and the conditioned medium of peritoneal macrophages cultured with BPHE, as well as the conditioned medium of splenocytes or peritoneal macrophages cultured with F1 increased pro- (Bax)/anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) gene expression ratios of PC-3 cells. Overall, F1 and BPHE from banana might induce apoptosis in PC-3 cells through direct action or immunotherapy to achieve anticancer effects.
Chow, Janet. „A Pathobiont of the Mammalian Microbiota Balances Intestinal Inflammation and Colonization“. Thesis, 2011. https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/6368/1/Chow%2C_Janet_Thesis.pdf.
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