Dissertationen zum Thema „Industry in development“

Members of Generation Y in the training and development industry will be required to assume leadership roles as Baby Boomers retire, yet little empirical research exists regarding how best to prepare them for leadership. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in leader developmental readiness between generational cohorts in the training industry, specifically Baby Boomers, Generation X, and Generation Y. Leader developmental readiness provided a definition of developmental readiness for leaders using the five constructs (learning goal orientation, developmental efficacy, self-awareness, leader complexity, and metacognitive ability). A volunteer sample was compiled from members of the ASTD National LinkedIN group (n = 636). Results were analyzed using structured means analysis with maximum likelihood (ML) estimation. Generational cohorts demonstrated differences in leader developmental readiness. Baby Boomers indicated statistically and practically higher metacognitive ability and developmental efficacy than Generation Y. Results demonstrated statistically and practically higher leader complexity in Generation Y and both Generation X and Baby Boomers. These results should inform leader development practitioners as they continue to use existing methods in preparing the different generations for leader development interventions while pointing to possible needs to increase the metacognitive ability and developmental efficacy in Generation Y and ensure accurate perception of leader complexity in those individuals. Further research would be helpful to confirm or refute findings and expand on the target population for enhanced generalizability.

At a time when environmental mitigation is firmly at the centre of the agenda for sustainable development, there is no shortage of research in the field of green logistics. However, little has been done in an attempt to provide integrated solutions for industry, based on a practical assessment of the interrelationships between specific measures. This research investigates the current status of the British logistics industry in terms of its environmental sustainability, by examining 14 sustainable measures that feature strongly in contemporary logistics practice and policies, and determines the interrelationships among them. The primary data was collected using a combined approach involving a postal questionnaire survey and in-depth company interviews. The survey covered both logistics services providers (LSPs) and logistics service users (LSUs), together with the targeted inclusion of more specific actors within the logistics industry. Through analysis of the sustainable practice and implementation process as seen in the experiences and judgments of key actors in the logistics industry, it is shown that the role of the actors as either logistics providers or users has a certain impact on their perceptions of, and behaviours in, sustainable logistics. Particular characteristics of the company and the sector it belongs to also exert influence, to various extents, on its response to sustainability. The findings also highlight cost-effectiveness as another critical factor determining companies’ sustainability policies. On the basis of the assessment of the measures, in particular their effectiveness and cost efficiency, the thesis concludes with proposals for sustainable packages constructed from different perspectives, along with suggestions for their implementation. This evidence-based research thus informs policy-makers of appropriate and viable sustainable strategies with the right incentives in various circumstances, and the potential to bring about tangible improvements in environmental performance.

Industrial maintenance is a substantial financial post. The total value of maintenance budgets in Europe has been estimated to be approximately 1500 billion € per year. At the same time, there are indications that about a third of these costs are wasted due to poor planning, overtime costs, inferior use of preventive maintenance and so forth. However, the diversity between different types of industry is substantial. While the process industry, which is rather vulnerable to disturbances, has a tradition of viewing its maintenance as a strategic resource, the picture is quite different in discrete item manufacturing industry. Historically, manufacturing industry has had a surplus of finished goods and Work-In-Progress buffers between machinery. Therefore, the manufacturing industry has been able to fulfil its production demand despite unreliable production equipment. In the last few decades, the concept of lean production has started to spread within the manufacturing industry as a means to improve competitiveness. Manufacturing companies apply lean tools such as flow oriented production layout, Just-In-Time production and Demand-Flow-Technology. As a consequence, the vulnerability to system disturbances increases and hence, the demand for dependable production equipment increases. Despite this increasing demand on reliable production equipment, few manufacturing companies work with strategic maintenance development. One reason for this may be that the existing methods and concepts for maintenance development are quite resource demanding. The main objective with this research is to develop a simple and cost effective approach aimed to formulate, implement, and evaluate maintenance strategies for the manufacturing industry. In five case studies the following has been studied: (1) The industry’s view on strategic maintenance development, (2) Formulation of maintenance strategies, (3) Implementation of maintenance strategies, (4) Cost of Poor Maintenance, and (5) Results from strategic maintenance development. As a result from this research, a process for the formulation of maintenance strategies has been developed. Further, a number of driving forces and obstacles, that influence the implementation of maintenance strategies, have been identified. The concept of Cost of Poor Maintenance has been introduced as a means for evaluating the financial contribution of maintenance. Finally, three years of studies in three companies has shown substantial benefits from strategic maintenance development.

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-62).
The biotechnology industry has experienced fast growth during the first 30 years of its existence but is now reaching a stage of maturity. Companies are being challenged by weak pipelines and patent expirations, as well as increasing regulation. Mergers and acquisitions are frequent, and companies are forced to reduce planned capital expenditures, as well as restructure with personnel cuts and facility reductions. This thesis focuses on the affect those changes are having on the development of capital projects. It researches the environment as it used to be and what is now bringing the changes. Through literature search and case study, the thesis aims to capture the reasons for why the main driver of new facilities construction has shifted from time to cost and the affect that is having on the management and delivery of such projects.
by Asbjorg Kristinsdottir.
S.M.

Traditionally, sourcing is initiated predominantly through trade shows where many suppliers make themselves available to buyers. Nowadays the Internet has changed the way business is conducted by facilitating the further evolution of new buyer and supplier relationships. Ease and convenience of information exchange, timesaving, lower costs. enhanced purchasing and marketing research have encouraged the use of the Internet as an alternative to buying, selling and sourcing through conventional channels. E-sourcing is mainly based on reverse-auction technology which automates the price negotiation in the supplier selection process. However, the function of the reverseauction is directed towards finding new suppliers with little consideration of supplier evaluation and collaboration. Thus it is mainly dedicated to indirectly-sourced materials such as office supplies and spare parts. Although the reverse auction can be used to source some direct materials, the system has neglected the sourcing process in respect of customised products where collaboration is needed. Furthermore, in the reverse-auction system, supplier evaluation is based only by the price of the product; neglecting other factors that influence buying decisions. Based on the purchasing process and on the way business is commonly conducted by large organisations. software has been developed which incorporates a user feedback facility so that confidence can be gained by the participants. Such an implementation enables the buyer to analyse supplier reliability by using its evaluation statistics. This approach changes the way that the buyer and supplier make initial contact. It replaces the traditional character assessment cues which rely on gut feeling, word of mouth. and visual perception This new computer-based approach will provide company performance information which will help the buyer to select an appropriate supplier and, may ultimately change the way in which companies source materials.

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 1987.
Title as it appeared in M.I.T. Graduate List, June 1987: New product development in the service sector.
Bibliography: leaves 97-98.
by Richard B. Anderson.
M.S.

The basis and interest for this thesis is the global economic situation of especially the high technology industry. In the traditional fields of high technology and more recently, in the field of ICT, there is a clear transition of work and markets toward the continents with lower development and production costs and those that are in the need of new technologies. This transition has evidently hit the developed countries (i.e. Western Europe and the USA) the hardest. Even though the other fields of technologies are clearly in transition, the statistics show that the medical device industry is in its highest growth in history. In fact, in 2012 the field grew at a pace of over 25 % annually in Finland and at double digits globally. In Finland, the medical device industry currently accounts for nearly 40 % of the total high technology market exports. This is remarkable to note, as this industry is relatively compact in size in comparison to the other high technologies. The objective of this research was to define the medical device technologies, to analyze the medical device technology market and, finally, to analyze reasons for its predicted continuous growth. This thesis covers the driving factors of this field of technology that predict the current trend in its market growth. This thesis also covers the aspects of medical devices and the medical device development processes, including the main differentiating factors compared to other fields of high technology products, especially those in the consumer markets. Finally, this study estimates the future economic growth of the medical device industry globally with special reference to Finland. The economic methods in this research are based on regression analysis of the medical device industry in the BRIC nations (Brazil, India, Russian Federation and P. R. China) and selected OECD countries. The variables used in the research include the trade balance, age structure, medical device technology status and GDP related factors, i.e. GDP in current USD and total health expenditure as percentage of GDP. Technology-wise, the research is based on the global trends in the medical device industry and the growing needs for new medical devices in general. The results and analyses indicate that the driving factors behind the predicted market growth can be explained by the science-push and demand-pull models. The time series and panel analyses indicate that the medical device industry could also serve as a global market opening technology. Furthermore, the results show that the growth of this industry is highly affected by population growth and age structure that increase the demand for new technologies to prevent and treat illnesses. Also, it was found that the medical device industry is not so greatly affected by global financial disruptions. Finally, the results show that the increase of medical device technologies clearly shortens the length of hospital stay which has been previously found to be a major factor in the rise of healthcare costs especially in the developed countries. This industry is thus evidently both a technology-push and a demand-pull based industry which is expected to grow due to the demand for higher quality healthcare while being less affected by general economic situations.

The construction industry is generally considered a non-innovative and conservative industrial sector compared to other industries. Measurement of innovation is a very difficult task and it has very complex product system. This study aims to describe the role of innovation and development activities within the Finnish construction industries. Additionally, it explores the logic of innovation in construction and patent creation in the Finnish construction industry by sectors. It evaluates the correlation of patent creation and Research and Development (R&D) investment. The research also covers the citation of Finnish construction patents. A major conclusion was drawn from the empirical data analysis followed by the qualitative analysis approach. However, both qualitative and quantitative techniques have been used for the data analysis. Whole thesis was completed by two-fold process: 1) analysis of construction patent data from 2004–2014 and 2) semi structured interview with the expert of the construction companies. The result of the research focuses on several aspects of the innovation and development activities. However, the main result demonstrates that the Finnish construction industry have understanding of innovation and development activities as a second factor after price in the bidding process. They are more interested in the innovation activities. Similarly, it also reveals that mainly, patents are created in the construction ‘Product sector’ followed by ‘Building’, ‘HPAC’ and ‘Infra’. The result also reveals that organizational innovation and market innovation have taken place more than product innovation and process innovation. Finally, result shows that the R&D investment and patent creation do have a positive correlation; and R&D budget investment per patent varies from company to company. The major limitation of this study is in finding the correlation of R&D investment and patent creation because of the currency conversion rate. The currency conversion rate on the day of analysis is used for this research which might fluctuate. Also, some of the companies do not indicate their exact R&D budget in their public file. So based on the available information R&D budget is calculated and overall picture has been presented in the research.

La question principale que dispose cette thèse est relative à la restructuration du secteur et des entreprises chimiques à cause des nouvelles frontières stratégiques, notamment concurrentielles, technologiques, financières et institutionnelles. L’objectif principal c’est de comprendre et caractériser les comportements hétérogènes des firmes chimiques, les en classent en groupes distincts. La première prémisse de cette thèse est que l'apprentissage cumulatif scientifique ou les DPI (droits de propriété intellectuelle) ne sont plus les principaux obstacles aux nouveaux entrants dans le secteur; elles ont été additionnées à la suprématie des finances, certifications HQES (santé, qualité, environnement, sécurité ) et les valeurs intangibles (la marque, la chaîne d'approvisionnement, réseau, les clusters, la compréhension des clients, le marketing, la responsabilité sociale, la gestion et de main-d'œuvre qualifiée). Le second postulat c’est que l’environnement concurrentiel et technologique a recrée des nouveaux limites stratégiques en partagent les firmes en sous-secteurs comme les sciences hybrides, sciences de la vie, substances de base ou les produits chimiques spécialisés. Cette nouvelle configuration induit les opérations de l'acteur dans leur portefeuille de produits, leurs actifs, production, R&D, F&A, réseau, JV, alliances, licences, connaissances spécifiques et le marketing. L’hypothèse soutenue c’est que les changements dans le secteur chimique évoluent dans un cadre nouveau avec les principaux vecteurs : mondialisation concurrentiel, création de la valeur, restructuration du marché et la réglementation
The principal matter that disposes this thesis is concerning the changes in the chemical firms for “new strategic boundaries”. The main objective is to understand and characterize the heterogeneous chemical companies’ strategies and to classify in distinct groups. The first premise of this thesis is that the accumulative scientific learning or IPR (Intellectual property rights) is not anymore the main barrier to new entrants into the segment; it was replaced by finance supremacy, HESQ (health, environmental, safety and quality) certifications and intangible values (brand, supply chain, network, clusters, customer understanding, marketing, social responsibility, management and skilled labor). Several new players appeared supported by national governments and using licensees or technologies from specialized engineering firms (SEF), raw material suppliers & equipment fabricators to produce locally and replace imported products, furthermore those new players through foreign direct investment( FDI), merger & acquisition (M&A) or joint ventures (JV) expand their operations abroad in direct concurrence with the traditional groups. Second premise is that the latest competitive environment are recreating new strategic firms’ boundaries separated in sub sectors like hybrid science, basic or specialty chemical inducing the main player’s actions in product portfolio , fixed assets, process, R&D , M&A, network, JV, alliances, licenses , knowledge capital and marketing. The thesis concludes that the changes in the chemical sector evolve inside a new framework typify at 4 main axes: value creation, globalization, restructuring and regulation

In 1986, during Yukon's worst recession in twenty years, the territorial government began a two-year process to develop an economic development strategy. The result was Yukon 2000, a plan for community economic development (CED). Concurrently, but not as part of Yukon 2000, the 1986 Yukon Housing Needs Study reported the percentage of people in core housing need in Yukon highest in Canada. This thesis identifies new policy initiatives to meet housing needs and help achieve the community economic development goals of Yukon 2000. The Yukon 2000 process overlooked the housing industry for several reasons. These include the industry's low visibility during the recession in the early 1980's. Also, decision makers and planners knew very little about the industry because the data base for the Yukon housing industry is extremely weak. Most CMHC statistical reports either meld data on Yukon with data on another jurisdiction or do not report on Yukon. The goals of Yukon 2000 are to provide options for people to earn a living in Yukon, to control their future, to protect the environment and to create an equitable society. These goals apply to the Yukon community and to each community within the territory. Critical to achieving these goals is diversifying the narrow base of the isolated economy, in part, through import replacement, meeting social needs, devolving decision making and distributing resources more equitably. The Market and Non-Market sectors of the Yukon housing industry are unstable and there is strong evidence the Market Rental sector is not working. Throughout the 1980's, the Yukon and Canada housing corporations have consistently failed to meet planning targets for new social housing. This thesis defines policy options for the Yukon government to stabilize the industry, meet planning targets and increase federal spending in Yukon. Housing is a unique industry because of what housing means to individuals, groups and communities. The right to adequate, affordable and suitable shelter is a fundamental one not available to about one third of people in Yukon. On a per household basis, the housing corporation in the Northwest Territories has ten times more social housing than the housing corporation in Yukon. Yukon Housing Corporation and Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation have funding for about 130 new social housing units each year. Increases in the Yukon population will generate demand for an additional 300 new units each year through the 1990's. New construction and housing renovations are an important part of the small Yukon economy. This thesis developed sixteen criteria to measure the impact of fourteen housing programs on CED. These criteria were developed from the goals and objectives of Yukon 2000 and the literature on CED. This thesis compares the relative impact of each program on CED. Based on this analysis, modifications to program delivery are suggested. The Yukon economy is particularly susceptible to boom and bust cycles. These cycles and other characteristics of the economy inhibit investment in the housing industry despite generous government incentives to businesses. This thesis proposes ways to increase this investment. The Yukon government has the resources to meet housing needs and stabilize the housing industry. That Yukon government can use the industry to diversify the economy and help achieve the four Yukon 2000 goals. It can create a win-win environment, meet housing needs, create employment and business opportunities and develop new leadership. This thesis describes the important roles of governments, the private sector, communities and nongovernmental organizations in the housing industry. It describes the possible roles of each in a CED strategy to respond to housing needs and problems with the housing industry.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of
Graduate

The fibre properties of cotton, which vary widely according to genetic and environmental conditions, determine its price and textile processing performance and product quality. It is therefore hardly surprising that cotton fibre properties are routinely measured for trading and quality control purposes, with a great deal of research having been, and still being, devoted towards developing instruments which enable the various fibre properties to be measured rapidly and accurately. In many cases, it is also necessary to be able to measure properties of cotton fibres when they have already been converted into yarn and fabric form. To do so, the yarn has to be dismantled into its component fibres, preferably without significantly changing the fibre properties. This could only be done by manually untwisting the yarn and carefully extracting the fibres from the untwisted yarn, care being taken not to break or lose any fibres in the process. This is a time consuming, laborious and labour intensive process. In view of this, a „yarn dismantler‟ which could automatically, cost effectively and within acceptable time frames, dismantle a cotton yarn into its constituent fibres, without undue damage or changes to the fibres, was developed and patented. This thesis reports the results of research undertaken to further develop, evaluate and optimize the yarn dismantler into the final prototype, as well as those relating to its practical applications, including tracking changes in fibre properties during miniature and pilot scale processing, up to, and including the yarn stage. Initial research undertaken on the original bench and first prototype models indicated that, although they produced very promising results, certain improvements and modifications were necessary, if the dismantler was to perform in an efficient and operator friendly manner at the required speeds. These included changes in the axial position of the untwisting spindle and the perforated screen of the suction drum, increasing the air suction at the perforated drum, installing a new motor for the untwisting spindle drive, separating the drives to the different parts of the unit in order to control them independently, integrating a more effective steaming unit into the unit etc. It was found that the dismantling rate had to be set to equal about 95 percent of the original twist in the yarn, and that steaming of the dismantled (untwisted) yarn on the perforated drum was necessary in order to eliminate any twist liveliness (residual torque) in the dismantled yarn, and enable it to be handled and tested on the AFIS instrument. When the final prototype Yarn Dismantler was produced, incorporating all the above mentioned improvements, it functioned very well at dismantling speeds of at least 2m/min, enabling the length of yarn required for subsequent AFIS testing to be dismantled within an acceptable time of less than 10 minutes, with excellent reproducibility and repeatability of results, also under commercial conditions. It was found that the AFIS measured length characteristics of fibres from the instrument dismantled yarns compared very well with those of fibres from manually dismantled yarns, differences in fibre length generally being less than 1mm, and it was concluded from these and other evaluation tests, that the yarn dismantler produced fibres without any significant fibre breakage. Some limited tests, carried out on commercially produced carded and combed yarns, indicated that short fibre content and dust and trash levels, as measured by the AFIS on fibres from dismantled yarn, together with the corresponding Uster Statistics, could enable a carded cotton yarn to be distinguished from a combed cotton yarn. Statistical analysis of fibre test results obtained at the different stages during miniature and pilot plant scale processing of various cottons, clearly showed that very significant changes in fibre properties could be caused by certain of the processes. For example, significant fibre breakage occurred during the drafting on the spinning frame, prior to twist insertion. The thesis provides detailed results of changes in various fibre properties, including length, short fibre content, maturity, immature fibre content, seed coat neps and fibrous neps, which occurred from the lint to the final yarn, as well as on the relationship between the properties of the fibres from the dismantled yarn and those from the lint. The results obtained have clearly demonstrated the practical value of the yarn dismantler in enabling yarns to be automatically dismantled into their constituent fibres, which can then be tested by an instrument, such as the AFIS, and the test results related to those of the original lint fibres, thereby opening up many fields of research and practical applications, some of which are captured under „Recommended Further Work‟.

Bibliography: leaves 90-93.
The primary objective of this dissertation is to describe and analyse the proposals from the different stakeholders since government called for the restructuring of the electricity supply industry (ESI) in South Africa. Secondly, this will also identify areas where there is convergence and divergence between the positions of these stakeholders. Finally, the dissertation will attempt to understand the reasons for the shift in the positions of the stakeholders.

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 124-142).
This thesis investigates on changes in semiconductor industry's product development methodology by following Intel's product development from year 2000. Intel was challenged by customer's preference change, competitors new enhanced product, internet bubble burst economy, and miss steps in the business strategy. Dynamics of these challenges drove Intel to develop a new product strategy: Tick-Tock product cadence. The paper discusses reasons why Intel landed at the Tick-tock strategy and results how strong product portfolio Intel ended up constructing. The thesis further discusses how the new "Global Product Development" strategy evolves, which can take advantage of TickTock cadence and deliver it to the next level helped from the effective GPD and systems engineering deployment.
by Cheolmin Park.
S.M.

One of the biggest challenges for the semiconductor industry is the development of nanofabrication techniques that allow for the fabrication of structures on a scale tens of nanometers in size. This provides greater potential functionality at reduced costs. Established conventional techniques, such as photolithography, are unable to achieve features below 30 nm due to the inherent limitations of the wavelength of light sources currently available. For this reason block copolymers received considerable attention in order to overcome these challenges in lithographic technology. Block copolymers have an inherent processing advantage of self assembling into various nanoscopic structures such as spheres, cylinders and lamellae amongst others on a scale below 50 nm. The dimensions and structures are readily tuneable based on molecular weights (Mw) and compositions of the copolymers. However, to be usable within industry a great deal more research still needs to be conducted on the use and nature of block copolymers. In this study the block copolymer of poly(styrene-block-methylmethacrylate) (PS-b-PMMA) was investigated as a potential nano-mask for semiconductor growth. Research was conducted on thin films of PS-b-PMMA by altering the parameters influencing the kinetics and thermodynamic effects on the thin films, in order to produce a structure of cylinders of PMMA perpendicular to the substrate within a PS matrix on a silicon (Si) substrate. It is shown that thermally annealing the PS-b-PMMA thin films under conditions where there is no preferential interaction of the substrate or open surface with either components of the block copolymer (i.e. PS or PMMA with Si or ambient) and at an appropriate thin film thickness, perpendicular cylinders of PMMA within a PS matrix form in the thin films. The determined ideal thin film thickness is 32 nm, with non-preferential interaction attained between block and substrate by coating a poly(styrene-random-methylmethacrylate) (PS-r-PMMA) on the Si substrate and annealing within a vacuum. Additionally, acetic acid, as a known selective solvent of PMMA, is used to further process the thin film of PS-b-PMMA. Thus a final PS nano-mask containing pores with a diameter tens of nanometers in size is produced. The pores are shown to have an average diameter of 13.5 nm. Measurements were taken throughout the investigation using a scanning probe microscope (SPM) to determine surface topography and phase morphology of the PS-b-PMMA thin films. X-ray reflectometry (XRR) is used to measure film thickness. The research in this study shows that thin films of PS containing hexagonally arranged pores can be produced and could find potential use as a nano-mask for semiconductor growth.

Being customer‐focused is often considered to be a key success factor inproduct‐ or service development. This kind of approach may comprise manythings in practice, such as formal or informal methods and activities that arecarried out to identify and meet, or preferably exceed, customer needs andexpectations. The overall purpose of this thesis is to contribute to a greaterknowledge about the use and function of methods, activities and tools regardingcustomer‐focused product development in the outdoor industry.The thesis is based on three papers, all related to customer‐focused productdevelopment within the outdoor industry. Two empirical studies have beenconducted. In the first one, the outdoor companies’ own experiences of customerinvolvement in product development are examined. In the second study, the useand function of environmental labels as drivers of attractive quality within theoutdoor industry are explored.A new methodology for customer‐focused product development is alsopresented. It is aimed to be used as a hands‐on support for designing for thesatisfaction of customer needs at different levels in practice, especially those thathave been found to be important in the creation of attractive quality and customerloyalty.

碩士
國立臺北大學
公共行政暨政策學系
101
After the end of World War II, the rapid development of emerging economies in East Asia is a classic case of developing countries catching up with the developed countries. However, the change of the environment weakened the policy tools which used by the East Asian economies. Especially East Asian economies suffered from the 1997 Asian financial crisis. However, even though South Korea was the most affected, but South Korea recovery rapidly in short term, and its Information Technology industries to quickly catch up with some developed countries, like West Europe and the United States. I hope to find the answer by studying and analyzing the relation between South Korean government and industry, the rapid development of the IT industry especially. In the analysis of a country's economic and industrial development, there are two important economic theories: neoclassical school and the theory of developmental state. Neoclassical school continuation of classical school’s perspectives, that in situation of minimal government intervention the economy can achieve the most efficient operation. But neo-classical school knows that the real world is not a perfectly market, government has to intervene market when the market failures; Developmental state theory is observation from the experience of East Asian economies. This theory argued every country should integrate into the world trading system, that is conducive to the economic development of the country, But the situation is not suit for late –late development economies, which economy is unhealthy, backward infrastructure and the education system, the low degree of industrialization and a lack of entrepreneurial spirit, causing these economies into the cycle of poverty. The scholars of developmental state theory believe that only the government to intervene problem can be resolved. Later on, two schools have many debates, triggered the attention of academics. This article is to review South Korea's industrial development and government intervention by historical research and documentary analysis, making a framework to analyze the development of the IT industry in South Korea and to observe how did the International environmental influence the policy tools and the role played by government This study found that the Korean government intervention is to meet the expectation of developmental state theory form 1960 to 1997. After IMF's reform program was adopted by South Korea in 1997, both neoclassical school and the theory of developmental can’t explain the situation of today’s South Korea's industrial development. This article found that the South Korean government belongs to transformation mode now, which is able to adapt to the rapid changes in the industrial development.

碩士
逢甲大學
經營管理碩士在職專班
103
The research purpose is mainly about the future development and the function of Changhua Shetou Hosiery Industry Development Association. With the questionnaire analysis provided by manufactures of the association, it discusses about the scale, technics, innovation, human resources, sales, platform, public sector, and so on. Besides, based on the interview with the major manufactures, it provides a comparison which tells the common points and the differences. With the data deeply and thoroughly analyzed, it can be a scale for the directors and supervisors of the association. The Hosiery Industry is categorized in small-and-medium-size business of conventional industries. Due to the small size, the shortage of human resources and funds, the lack of ability of innovation and creation, the predicament of marketing, and the ignorance of the government, the hosiery industry has narrow room of growth. Under the power of industrial organization, the manufactures hope to push the integration of products, human resources, marketing to create a brand, to help each other, and to grow together. The manufacturers established the Changhua Shetou Hosiery Industry Association to not only pursue the prospect but also set a platform to make the industry seek a new way out.

碩士
國立交通大學
管理學院高階主管管理碩士學程
96
Digital Still Camera is one of the electronic products for general consumers. It integrates optics, photo-electricity, mechanics, electronic, and software technologies. After past years developing, the DSC industry becomes very mature and competitive. However, many key technologies such as CCD and optical lens are still controlled by Japanese venders. The whole marketing is also handled by Japanese venders. After past thirteen years developing, Taiwan becomes the OEM/ODM center for the whole worldwide DSC industry. To compete with others, almost all DSC venders in Taiwan invest more resources in perspective studying for marketing and technology. And hope to get more order from customers earlier. Most of venders forecast the technology trend by purchasing expensive and bad-availability survey report or by judging the unreliable information collected from market by them themselves. Actually, product specification is the easiest gotten document about product technology. We could get many useful information by analyzing the statistics of product specification. The topic of this thesis is to analyze some important specifications by applying technology forecasting for the past historical product specifications to understand the development trend of DSC technology in the future.

碩士
華梵大學
資訊管理學系碩士班
92
At the Information age, there are many articles and theses discussing the structure and management of the information system on the individual enterprise level. However, there are few researches about that of the industry level. The information system of the industry level is more dynamic, complex, and unpredictable than that of the individual enterprise level because the former has more factors, such as government policy, the industry structure, individual enterprises, the technologic development trend, population, and national income, etc. In order to discuss the development of the information system of the industry level, this thesis applies The Social System View of Ackoff and The Information System Development of Jan & Tsai, and interviews to the information system of Industry Technology Intelligence Service System (ITIS), established by the Economic Departments to provide information and resource to the industry. This thesis provides its views and suggestions about the future development and management of the information system of ITIS.

碩士
國立臺灣大學
國際企業學研究所
88
Abstract As we enter the new century and battle to survive in the new economy, the way in which a product is developed is becoming increasingly important. The music industry is one that is growing and evolving at such a rate that understanding both local and foreign markets is imperative in producing any new artist and product. With products being marketed, promoted and distributed to local, regional and global markets, there are many strategic and management issues that arise. The issues of this research are: The motivations behind this research were to investigate product management in the music industry. The dominant Asian markets present extra-ordinary examples of markets changing fast, developing at different speeds and differing in degrees of product awareness, acceptability, and wealth. In such an environment the music industry is indeed faced with a market puzzle that is so complex, unpredictable, and excitable, that only the most acutely knowledgeable will consider entering. This study seeks to gain some insight into product management, and how this is related to challenges faced by management in developing products. The findings of this research are as follows: Due to the fact that markets are changing so fast, product and artist management is changing too. Unless marketing and strategy practices are evaluated and questioned, the role of product manager will just get more and more difficult. As well as markets changing fast, niche markets are developing and disappearing at a greater rate. It seems that if those markets can be identified, and access gained, that pre-existing products will benefit. Product definition plays an integral role in the development and continuing direction in which the artist evolves. It appears that when an artist changes in product definition or direction that A&R and marketing practices need to change in parallel. Success is not a one-factor theorem. It appears to consist of many factors, from product make-up, market suitability, degree of product adaptation, marketing tools and promotions. Product (and artist) adaptation also may be a problem. It appears that for a product to be suited to a market, it need not necessarily be adapted. Adaptation of a product may suggest unsuitability. This leads to the issue of market knowledge management, an asset that appears to be increasingly important. It seems that when companies can be abreast of market conditions both in the home market and regionally (let alone globally), then and only then, can products have a chance of succeeding.

博士
中華大學
土木工程學系博士班
101
Taipei, the center for politics and the economy, is the heart of arts, fashion, design and digital media. Prior to 1990, Taipei was a world producer of textiles and clothing, however, a change in its socio-economic environment forced Taipei to transform into different mode to be satisfied today's life style through current urban and regional planning tools and acts. Moreover, the situation in Taipei lacked competition. At the start of the century, “Challenge 2008: the National Development Plan” included the content of Cultural and Creative Industries (CCI), which handled by the Council for Cultural Affairs of Taiwan. As a result, Taiwan’s government planned to use “culture” and “creativity” to regenerate urban development in major cities across Taiwan. This dissertation focuses on how the fashion industry can help the urban development of Taipei, and potentially advance the clothing industry toward fashion. This study maps the future of fashion industries from both sides of policy-based and practical strategies and urban development of Taipei. The main issues focus on how to strengthen competitive power of Taipei through fashion policies and strategies which promote diverse fashion clusters identifying Taipei and attract tourists and investors. Moreover, fashion image and the idea of CCI can regenerate fashion cluster in Taipei and will help the city to gain a more prominent position within global fashion network of Asia. Hence, reasons and resources which force locality choice of fashion enterprise and fashion clusters will show the significance of correlations and linkages between the fashion industry and urban development. In analysis of three objectives-urban spaces, professionals and local conditions of fashion industries- both literature and empirical material were used as information sources; the empirical material was collected through face-to-face interviews. The purpose of doing depth case studies of both Berlin and Taipei is to learn, but not to compare, how an emerging fashion capital dealing with fashion industry affairs. This study is the first dissertation that explores what Taipei urban development can do to promote fashion and create fashion industry. Moreover, it discusses where the fashion designers can really contribute to urban development in Taiwan. Based on the definition of the fashion industry, this study shows that advancing the class of fashion industry, linking Taipei fashion clusters and social-economic resources into the fashion industry network of Asia, and promoting fashion milieus with local dynamic conditions will improve Taipei urban development tending to sustainable growth.

碩士
銘傳大學
觀光事業學系碩士在職專班
103
International tourism continues to develop specialist, medical tourism due to the unique source, is the current national industry actively seek market. In recent years, due to the advanced countries of medical resources and inadequate supply of expensive, while developing countries are more advanced countries of low prices, and provide high-quality health care services, so to attract travelers to Europe, but also the unmistakable trend of medical tourism services. Asia, Europe and the relatively low price of medical services, medical tourism market potential is strong,quite eligible passengers praised Europe. Medical tourism is a new development of Taiwan''s niche point, with the gradual thawing of cross-strait relations and political sentiments, open charter flights and mainland tourists to Taiwan and other measures, the frequency of cross-strait exchanges peoples will be more closely, is inevitable trend. So how to make good use of the current situation of medical resources to attract mainland tourists to Taiwan consumption, and promote industrial development in Taiwan Medical Tourism and find the best strategy for a competitive advantage for today''s industry and government must work together to think about an important issue. In this study, semi-structured interviews of five interviews with industry, government experts, and then put forward the development strategy of the medical tourism industry. The study found that: (1) Health, Welfare and Transportation Local Tourism Bureau should not cooperate together to share resources, the development of medical tourism will play a synergistic effect of stable growth; (2) the relevant industry should avoid competing with each other to grab the source of the model, unity and cooperation of the pie bigger, after the formation of agglomeration economies can naturally enhance the competitiveness and competition from other countries; (3) the law to be able to relax medical marketing media product placement may be appropriate medical tourism and medical tourism attraction combines quality we must promote in order to create a destination marketing effectiveness to attract international tourists. 4. Medical industry and tourism industry can play a positive, cooperative and creative, such as: planning your travel itinerary with high quality medical tourism, medical and narrow the gap between the quality of tourism, improve the overall competitiveness of the initiative to invite travel agencies or marketing staff, said the hospital conducted education and training expertise to mention, medical marketing liter capacity, in order to increase mutual customer base and create a win-win. 5. Tourism is the most vulnerable to the impact of the economic boom industry market changes very fast only have to constantly correct the shortcomings, creating quality in order to enhance the competitiveness of the government towards creating sustainable development, industry and consumers win situation.

碩士
銘傳大學
經濟學系碩士在職專班
97
The geographical climate and environment is very suitable for Tea Tree to grow in Taiwan, and Tea is also the characteristic Culture Industry in our country. Through the connotation of tea culture and Taiwanese tea industry development, it is expected to understand the advantage, disadvantage, opportunity, threat issues and problems that the tea culture industry is facing to research countermeasures and bring up conclusions and suggestions with the research results, for people of our country and industry to pay much attention to the development of this industry, to be the national trademark and to the unique fascination of our country, that is the motivation and purpose of this research. This research uses the literature analysis, to make out, analyze and conclude the development of the Taiwanese tea culture industry, the conclusion are as follow: 1.The continuity of the spirit of Taiwanese tea culture should proceed from family and school. 2.The conservation of Taiwanese tea culture feature should combine with the traditional and innovation technologies. 3.The expansion of Taiwanese tea culture should be multiple operated and marketed. 4.To be globally known, Taiwanese tea culture should train the expert ability certification.

碩士
輔仁大學
科技管理學程碩士在職專班
98
Taiwan TFT-LCD industry is positive developed priority to plan by government following industry of the semiconductor. With the wide application of the relevant IT products, the growth kinetic energy of its market will drive the pluralistic demand of the panel. This research sums up relevant strategy theories in literatures reviewed at first, in order to be regarded as the analysis foundation of the company. The thesis investigates the segment of industrial structure and present position situation by the industry analysis then finding the relative advantage of the panel industry in Taiwan from the industry chain of the international division. Secondly, strategic development of investigating five panel factories in Taiwan, it is separately since market segment and resource point of company ability analysis than distinguish the difference from strategy sketch. Finally, finding the difference of their strategy in strategic group from the industry and put the suggestion that the strategy is drafted while shutting or cooperation to development in the future of Taiwan and Mainland China. This research puts relevant results in order as follows: 1.Expand the brand development tactics of the new developing market actively to enhance their profitability and provide own capacity requirements. 2.Integrated forward supply chain with higher speed, offer one-stop service of international brand factory. 3.Taiwan panel manufacturer have to enhance the business model with division between Taiwan and Mainland China, moreover, accelerate itself technological upgrading of core ability.

碩士
國立交通大學
生物資訊及系統生物研究所
102
Biotechnology industry are widely found in various areas, ranging from pharmaceuticals and health care to biological resources, agriculture, food, energy, chemistry, and environmental protection, therefore biotechnology has already become part of human life. Biotech industry will be expected to bring huge business in the future. Many countries have placed the biotechnology industry on their best list while promoting the next-generation industries. The study adopted Qualitative Research Method, such as Case Study Method, and Secondary Qualitative Study to realize the Biotechnology industry in Singapore, and United States, and United Kingdom, and Germany, and Japan.Cases in ten international enterprises, including Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Merk, Johnson &; Johnson, Abbott, Bayer, Sanofi, AstraZeneca, and GlaxoSmithKline were analyzed. Cases in BGI and TEVA in Israel were taken as an example. The proposal about how to promote the development of biotechnology industry in Taiwan would be done according to the comprehensive result of the study. In recent years, higher education system in Taiwan had expanded quite rapidly. The number of colleges and universities had reached over 163 . Most of them had established deprtments and graduate schools that were related to biotech medical technology. Currently, graduates and postgraduates cultivated from related departments in the colleges and universities had reached more than 30,000 people per year. If it continued to maintain oversupply, biotech human resource would confront the deterioration in employment environment because of oversupply. Those biotech labors might not have the chance to be accepted by industry related to biotech or academic research organization. As a result, it led to the disconnection between industries and universities and the situation of labor oversupply would worsen. Not only did the oversupply of human resource cause the predicament for professional biotech labors, but it also made Taiwan's biotechnology industry lose competition with other countries. Now, in order to upgrade the biotechnology in dustry in Taiwan. We can promote the following items: Cooperation between industry and research center,Encourage the enterprise to set up research developing and training institutions,Import business management into incubation center, Improve the school evaluation system,Implement a licensing system,Promote vocational students to intern in enterprises, Hold biotechnology start-up contest to stir new creations, Establish a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship in biotechnology industry and built up the mechanisms for the connection between industry and university. Form the modal that academics development promoted industry and industry supported the academic development, and establish world-class biotechnology industries further.

碩士
義守大學
管理科學研究所
90
With the internet demand increase and opto-electronics technology innovation, opto-electronics industry has tremendous growth, and how to enhance production efficiency and define key factors influencing production efficiency would be important agenda for future Opto-electronics industry development. This study will analyze input and output efficiency of object industry resource to provide opto-electronics industry the solution to enhance production efficiency. There are two purposes in this study. One is measuring resource input and output efficiency of opto-electronics by DEA as reference to enhance production efficiency. The other is to define the key factors influencing production efficiency as the reference of opto-electronic industry development strategy. For research method, the study use DEA to measure pure technology efficiency、scale efficiency、 total technology efficiency、Malmquist index and slack variance as important reference of opto-industry development strategy. In the same time, we use cluster analysis and ANOVA as the foundation for efficiency cluster analysis. Last, we propose solid suggestion of input and output efficiency and industry development strategy based on the result of DEA and efficiency cluster analysis. For DEA research result, LITE-ON TECHNOLOGY CORP.(源興) is comparatively efficiency as bench mark of other companies in total technology efficiency、pure technology efficiency and scale efficiency form 1998 to 2000. And we can provide the strategy for enterprises to enhance production efficiency by input and output variables analysis. For result of Malmquist index, the management implication is that most enterprise enhance their productivity by pure technology efficiency, and the pure technology efficiency enhancement is mainly from continuous research resource and advanced facility. This is conformed with current opto-electronics industry development condition and it reveals that enterprises have to enhance research capability to get competitive advantages except continuously renew manufacturing facilities. We can enhance pure technology efficiency by manufacturing and enterprise process improvement, and reach the optimal scale by input variables adjustment. For slack analysis, the business could propose solid strategy measurements based on key production efficiency factors. For scale return analysis, most of the decision making units are in the scale return increase stage and it fits with current prosperous condition of opto-electronics industry. Also, it suggests that opto-electronics industry has to enlarge scale to enhance production efficiency and productivity. For technology efficiency cluster analysis, the conclusion reveals that enterprises can enhance production efficiency by increasing research investment and fixed assets and enterprise management has to consider research expenses and fixed assets when making industry strategy. Besides, we can find that fixed assets and research expense has more influence on total technology efficiency. As to the contribution of this study, it provides academia more complete analysis dimension by mutual quantitative and qualitative results reference. As to the strategic suggestion for business practices, the study proposes clear and definite goal by empirical DEA and efficiency cluster analysis in the opto-electronics input and output variables. In the limitation of the study, we only select the input and output data of listed and OTC companies from 1998-2000 because of the data availability restrictions, and it will be confined in the data depth and width. In the input and output variables, if we can subsume other important variables like patent which is specific outcomes of research resource input, it would enhance the research death and width. As to the research suggestion, we can interview government industry policy decision maker、high level management of academic units and benchmark enterprise to get the suggestion for input and output variables selection. In the analysis of opto-electronics sub-industry, we can enlarge sampling limitation by business interview to conduct sub-industry analysis for comparison between different sub-industries. As to the industry strategy, we can simultaneously conduct qualitative and quantitative analysis to mutually prove the research results and by the interviews of industrial circles、academia、government and research center can we master the industry development trend and recommend the visionary opto-industry development industry.

碩士
中華大學
建築與都市計畫學系碩士班
91
Since the Hsin-chu Science-Based Industrial Park（HCSP）has been established over two decades, the evolution of the vicinity of HCSP has created a close networking which includes production, research and development. The creation, introduction and operation of these functions all rely on the supporting of producer services industries with specialization function. Besides the producer services play a crucial interface between supporting space and technological infrastructure around the HCSP. This study focus on the interaction, spatial evolution and distribution between firms in park and producer services firms around the vicinity, and the coordination with research institutes.

by Au-Yeung Wai-Chi Peggy and Chan Kwok-Cheung.
Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 49-50).
ABSTRACT --- p.3
TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.5
Chapter
Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.7
The Computer Software Market in China --- p.7
Literature Review --- p.9
China - the World's Fastest Growing Computer Market --- p.9
The Software Piracy Problem in China --- p.9
Software Piracy Can be a Cultural Problem --- p.10
Western Pressures on the Chinese Government to Enforce EPR Laws --- p.12
Suggested Solutions --- p.15
Project Objectives --- p.16
Methodology --- p.17
Chapter II. --- MAJOR FACTORS RELATED TO PIRACY --- p.19
Culture --- p.19
Intellectual Property Laws and Regulations --- p.21
"China Piracy Law Case Example ´ؤ Word Perfect, Microsoft and Autodesk vs. Beijing Giant Computer Co." --- p.22
Chapter III. --- SOLUTION HYPOTHESIS --- p.23
Law Enforcement --- p.23
Education --- p.25
Technology --- p.26
Marketing Approaches --- p.28
Chapter IV. --- INTERVIEW INTERPRETATION --- p.32
Causes of Piracy --- p.32
Insufficient and Incomplete Enforcement of DPR laws --- p.32
Lack of EPR Knowledge in the Chinese 'Collective' Culture --- p.33
Nature of Mankind --- p.34
Limited Distribution and Sales Channel --- p.34
Existence of Purchasing Power Parity --- p.34
Solutions --- p.35
Education --- p.35
Law Enforcement --- p.36
Marketing Approaches --- p.36
Technology --- p.39
Chapter V. --- CONCLUSION --- p.40
APPENDIX --- p.42
Chapter A. --- 1994/1995 Piracy Statistics in Various Countries --- p.42
Chapter B. --- Interview Questionaire --- p.47
BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.49

碩士
開南大學
物流與航運管理學系
99
The warehouse is playing an important role in the supply chain system. Taiwan is shortage of raw materials and enough market, in order to obtain the raw materials and export products more conveniently and faster. Almost of the warehouses are set up near the port or airport in Taiwan. This research adopts the methodology of “Location Quotient” and “Cluster analyses” to examine the Industry cluster, taking input-output analysis to observe the industrial structure of every area and relationship of the warehouses. After analyzing the demand relation between every field of industry and warehouses, the result know indicates the manufacturing industry causing significantly effects to the warehouses. Although private consumption expenditure has no trading activity directly with the warehouses, but the transaction between the private consumption expenditure and warehouse take huge proportion. That’s the main reason why there are so many warehouses set up in Taipei and Taiyuan. The conclusion of research can find out some phenomenon; where are the warehouses distributed in Taiwan, the relationship among the industry and warehouses, the development situation of Taiwan’s warehouse.

The focus of this study revolved around the impact of the Motor Industry Development Programme (MIDP) on the automotive component manufacturers in the greater Durban area. The research objectives were to determine whether the introduction of MIDP has contributed to an increase in throughput for the automotive component manufacturers, to determine whether the introduction of MIDP has led to increased employment levels within the automotive component manufacturing industry and lastly to determine whether MIDP has resulted in increased investment in the automotive component manufacturing industry in KwaZulu-Natal. This study analysed the data received from 30 respondents, who as a pre-requisite, were employed within the component manufacturing industry in KwaZulu-Natal. The population sample was attained through the use of the author’s supplier database at Smiths Manufacturing (Pty) Ltd, a tier 1 automotive component manufacturer to the original equipment manufacturers in South Africa. A self-completion questionnaire, which was quantitative in nature, was distributed to the participants and a two week data collection period was allotted. The collected data was analysed using SPSS statistical software, the results of which revealed that MIDP was of significant importance to automotive component manufacturers in KwaZulu-Natal. It further revealed that there was a direct relationship between employment, investment and throughput with the introduction of MIDP. The same findings were evident for similar programmes in India and China.It is recommended that a similar study be conducted in Gauteng and the Eastern Cape, which are the other automotive component manufacturing hubs in South Africa. Furthermore, MIDP will be replaced by the APDP during 2013, and it is recommended.
Thesis (MBA)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2012.

碩士
國立彰化師範大學
會計學系企業高階管理
101
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The The innovation ability innovation ability innovation ability innovation ability innovation ability innovation ability innovation ability to the to the competitive advantages and competitive advantages and competitive advantages and competitive advantages and competitive advantages and competitive advantages and competitive advantages and competitive advantages and competitive advantages and competitive advantages and competitive advantages and competitive advantages and competitive advantages and the the the organizational organizational organizational organizational organizational organizational organizational organizational performance performance performance performance performanceperformance of of manufacturers are highly correlated manufacturers are highly correlatedmanufacturers are highly correlatedmanufacturers are highly correlated manufacturers are highly correlated manufacturers are highly correlatedmanufacturers are highly correlatedmanufacturers are highly correlatedmanufacturers are highly correlatedmanufacturers are highly correlated manufacturers are highly correlated manufacturers are highly correlatedmanufacturers are highly correlatedmanufacturers are highly correlatedmanufacturers are highly correlated manufacturers are highly correlatedmanufacturers are highly correlatedmanufacturers are highly correlated manufacturers are highly correlated. The The competing advantagecompeting advantage competing advantagecompeting advantagecompeting advantagecompeting advantage competing advantage competing advantagecompeting advantages to s to the organizational organizationalorganizationalorganizational organizationalorganizational organizational organizational performance performance performance performance performance performance of of manufacturers also ha manufacturers also hamanufacturers also hamanufacturers also ha manufacturers also hamanufacturers also ha manufacturers also hamanufacturers also ha manufacturers also ha ve a direct and significant impacta direct and significant impacta direct and significant impact a direct and significant impacta direct and significant impact a direct and significant impacta direct and significant impact a direct and significant impact a direct and significant impact a direct and significant impacta direct and significant impact a direct and significant impact a direct and significant impact a direct and significant impacta direct and significant impact. . Therefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create herefore the upstream and downstream industry clusters to complement each other create more win more winmore win -win situation between the manufacturers. And let manufacturers win situation between the manufacturers. And let manufacturers win situation between the manufacturers. And let manufacturers win situation between the manufacturers. And let manufacturers win situation between the manufacturers. And let manufacturers win situation between the manufacturers. And let manufacturers win situation between the manufacturers. And let manufacturers win situation between the manufacturers. And let manufacturers win situation between the manufacturers. And let manufacturers win situation between the manufacturers. And let manufacturers win situation between the manufacturers. And let manufacturers win situation between the manufacturers. And let manufacturers win situation between the manufacturers. And let manufacturers win situation between the manufacturers. And let manufacturers win situation between the manufacturers. And let manufacturers win situation between the manufacturers. And let manufacturers win situation between the manufacturers. And let manufacturers win situation between the manufacturers. And let manufacturers win situation between the manufacturers. And let manufacturers win situation between the manufacturers. And let manufacturers win situation between the manufacturers. And let manufacturers win situation between the manufacturers. And let manufacturers win situation between the manufacturers. And let manufacturers win situation between the manufacturers. And let manufacturers of of industry industry industry industry clusters clusters clusters clusters share t share tshare tshare the results he resultshe results he results he results of the of the of the government and academiagovernment and academia government and academiagovernment and academia government and academia government and academiagovernment and academia government and academiagovernment and academiagovernment and academiagovernment and academiagovernment and academiagovernment and academiagovernment and academia government and academia, and , and , and utilize the convenience utilize the convenience utilize the convenience utilize the convenience utilize the convenience utilize the convenience utilize the convenience utilize the convenience utilize the convenience utilize the convenience utilize the convenience utilize the convenience utilize the convenience and and and resources of resources of resources of resources of resources of resources of the industry cluster industry cluster industry clusterindustry clusterindustry clusterindustry cluster industry clusterindustry clusters. It It provide provide s water hardware cluster water hardware cluster water hardware cluster water hardware cluster water hardware cluster water hardware clusterwater hardware clusterwater hardware clusterwater hardware clusterwater hardware clusterwater hardware cluster water hardware clusterwater hardware clusters industry a new proposal industry a new proposal industry a new proposal industry a new proposal industry a new proposal industry a new proposal industry a new proposal industry a new proposal industry a new proposal industry a new proposal industry a new proposal industry a new proposal and future business strategies of reference.and future business strategies of reference. and future business strategies of reference. and future business strategies of reference. and future business strategies of reference. and future business strategies of reference. and future business strategies of reference.and future business strategies of reference.and future business strategies of reference. and future business strategies of reference.and future business strategies of reference. and future business strategies of reference.and future business strategies of reference. and future business strategies of reference.and future business strategies of reference.and future business strategies of reference. and future business strategies of reference.and future business strategies of reference.and future business strategies of reference.and future business strategies of reference. Keywords: Keywords:Keywords: Keywords: industr industr y cluster,cluster, cluster,cluster,cluster, water water water hard hard ware wareware industry industry industry