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1
kimsuah. „Indian Materialism Criticized by Buddhism“. Studies in Religion(The Journal of the Korean Association for the History of Religions) ll, Nr. 56 (September 2009): 325–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21457/kars..56.200909.325.
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Singh, Devinder Pal. „Integration of materialism with shopping motivations: motivations based profile of Indian mall shoppers“. Journal of Asia Business Studies 12, Nr. 4 (10.12.2018): 381–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jabs-05-2016-0075.
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PurposeThe paper aims to investigate materialism as one of the retail shopping motives along with utilitarian/hedonic motivations in the Indian context. It aims to identify the key shopping motivations, which explain the shopping value in the context of malls. Furthermore, it intends to develop a shopping motivations-based typology of Indian mall shoppers, and to profile the motivational and demographic characteristics of the discerned segments.Design/methodology/approachThe data were collected through a mall intercept survey. The shopping motivations were identified through literature, and established scales were utilised to collect data. Exploratory factor analysis was used to understand the underlying structure of mall shopping motives. Hierarchical and K-means clustering were used to cluster the consumers. Additionally, ANOVA along withpost hoctests were used to explore the mean differences between the various clusters. Cross-tabulation along with the chi-square statistic was used to understand the demographic characteristics of the clusters.FindingsIndian mall shoppers are motivated by hedonistic, materialistic and utilitarian motives. They can be primarily classified into four clusters, namely, balanced shoppers, materialist shoppers, hedonistic shoppers and value shoppers.Research limitations/implicationsKnowledge of distinct consumer segments will aid marketers in formulating marketing and promotional strategies for augmenting mall footfalls.Originality/valueAlthough past research has accentuated hedonic and utilitarian motivations as the primary shopping motives, little research has been conducted to examine materialism as a shopping motive. Rise of materialism in the emerging Indian market has metamorphosed the consumer behaviour. The study examines the utilitarian, hedonistic and materialistic dimensions of shopping and unfolds a typology of mall shoppers. It contributes to the repository of cross-national research on shopping behaviour by unravelling the shopping motivations of Indian consumers.
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Poologanathan, Ponnuthurai Nathan. „Reflection of Materialism in Indian Philosophy“. Journal of Tamil Peraivu 9, Nr. 2 (19.12.2020): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/jtp.vol9no2.9.
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Selvam, Manjula, und Sangeeta Mukherjee. „CULTURAL MATERIALIST READING: VISUALIZING DOMINANT IDEOLOGIES AND DISSIDENT DISCOURSES IN THE CREATIVE GRAPHIC PANELS OF MUNNU: A BOY FROM KASHMIR“. Creativity Studies 16, Nr. 2 (04.10.2023): 624–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cs.2023.14785.
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One of the prominent theories of cultural studies is cultural materialism, which has its base on the theory of Marxism. Much of the research work done regarding cultural materialism is on Renaissance literature; the development of the theory itself is through the studies conducted on the plays of William Shakespeare, who is one of the epitomes of Renaissance literature. This paper aims to be a unique cultural materialist reading done on a graphic novel based on Kashmir, Indian subcontinent. Kashmir is one of the most desired lands on Earth; it has also been a land of contest right from 1947. This article attempts to explore Malik Sajad’s reflection of the Kashmiri society by analyzing and discussing graphic panels from Munnu: A Boy from Kashmir (originally published in 2015) in the light of cultural materialism. Since cultural materialism admits that a text mirrors the socio-cultural and political life of a society; it has been used for interpreting this Kashmir-based graphic novel which is a blend of image and words. This graphic memoir offers a unique narration of the political and societal lives of Kashmiris through the creative deployment of an anthropomorphic metaphor. This study shows how Sajad graphically reflects the dominant ideology and dissident discourses in these panels.
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KLEIN, IRA. „Materialism, Mutiny and Modernization in British India“. Modern Asian Studies 34, Nr. 3 (Juli 2000): 545–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00003656.
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British rule in India probably was in the reformist van of colonial regimes, but by Independence relatively few among the Indian populace had benefited notably from Western ‘modernization’. Although praised lavishly by a past generation of English historians for equipping India for ‘rapid progress’ under ‘the rule of law’, British policies hardly represented exemplary social engineering or ‘transformed’ the prosperity, health, well being, education or career opportunities of most Indians. Early in its sway the British raj conceived of implanting on the subcontinent modes of development responsible for England's rapid progress and prosperity and the advance of its peoples. Why, then, was the success not greater of Western programs, and why did policies of economic development leave at mid-twentieth century a majority of Indians living below poverty levels drawn close to subsistence? Was Western ‘reformism’ materially exploitative, or promising but checked by the regime's major political disturbance, the ‘Mutiny’ or Revolt of 1857, or were British policies culturally suppressive, or is more complex analysis needed to comprehend the Western impact?
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Sharda, Nikita, und Anil Kumar Bhat. „Austerity to materialism and brand consciousness: luxury consumption in India“. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal 22, Nr. 2 (14.05.2018): 223–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfmm-03-2017-0025.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand the role of materialism and brand consciousness in determining the luxury consumption among the young Indian consumers. Design/methodology/approach In order to measure materialism, brand consciousness, attitude toward luxury brands and purchase intention, pre-established scale items were used to design the self-administered questionnaire. A valid sample of 342 respondents was collected through mall intercepts, in-store intercepts, luxury brands exhibitions and festivals and international airports. The relationship was tested using regression analysis. Findings The findings support that the materialism and brand consciousness are positively related to the luxury consumption in India and play an important role in predicting the behavior of the young luxury buyers. The Indian youth is buying expensive luxury brands as symbols of status success and wealth in order to fulfill their materialistic goals. The desire to own and possess the well-known and expensive brand names demonstrates the importance the consumers attach to the social and symbolic value of the luxury brands. Practical implications The study reveals that the young Indian luxury buyers choose to buy brands that are most advertised. Creative advertisements enhancing luxury brands’ symbolic and social value can be effective. The study has implications for the international luxury brands, as they are expensive, well known and famous among the global consumers. Originality/value The key contribution of the study is the establishment of materialism and brand consciousness as important antecedents in the development of attitude toward luxury brands among the young Indian consumers.
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Jaleel, Rana M., und Evren Savcı. „Transnational Queer Materialism“. South Atlantic Quarterly 123, Nr. 1 (01.01.2024): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00382876-10920741.
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The introduction to this special issue takes up the narrations and values produced by the travels of words like queer of color, race, and racial capitalism to both comobilize and retheorize queer of color critique and the content and contours of global racial capitalism. With and beyond the story of US empire and the transatlantic slave trade—from peripheral European engagements with Africa to the circulation of caste in Africa via Indian Ocean worlds—in this special issue the authors examine some of the histories and present modes of capitalist accumulation that are relevant to telling global stories of race and capitalism. A queer/trans lens keeps the authors’ attention trained as well on the arrangements and estrangements of the sex/gender systems that power such narratives of race and capitalism. So positioned, the authors enter ongoing debates on the geopolitics of queer studies, the import of queer materialism, and theorizations of racial capitalism by asking (1) What is the “racial” of racial capitalism?, and (2) What is the “of color” in queer/trans of color critique? The questions form a method for thinking global racial capitalism and queer/trans of color study together—what the authors call transnational queer materialism.
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Chatterjee, Devlina, Mahendra Kumar und Kapil K. Dayma. „Income security, social comparisons and materialism“. International Journal of Bank Marketing 37, Nr. 4 (03.06.2019): 1041–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijbm-04-2018-0096.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand the effect of perceived income security (IS), materialistic values and socially driven aspirations on the financial well-being (FWB) of young Indian adults. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire was designed using available scales for FWB and materialism. Questions were incorporated to measure social comparison and IS. A structural equation approach using data from 327 respondents was used to test a hypothesized model of FWB. Findings The IS has the largest positive effect, while unemployment has the largest negative effect on FWB. Overt materialism (OM) negatively affects FWB. Socially motivated aspirations have an indirect negative effect mediated by OM. Among demographic variables, income, education and stable employment increase FWB. Males have lower levels of FWB. Research limitations/implications The data includes 327 respondents that were polled using convenience sampling. The results may not be generalizable to India at large. Social implications A common consideration when choosing a job is the salary. However, we find that IS affects subsequent FWB to a much greater extent than income level and materialistic aspirations. Originality/value This is the first study to look at the relative importance of materialistic aspirations vs IS in determining FWB. The results will help policy makers in devising policies and financial service providers in designing products and services that will increase the FWB of Indians.
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Selvanayagam, Karthik, und Varisha Rehman. „Materialism, television and social media – analysis of the transformation of post-colonial Indian market“. Journal of Historical Research in Marketing 11, Nr. 3 (19.08.2019): 250–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhrm-03-2018-0011.
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Purpose This paper aims to, first, analyze the transformation of the Indian market by extending Sreekumar and Varman’s (2016) work on history of marketing in India into the post-colonial era; second, trace the emergence and adoption of various media technologies in the post-colonial Indian market; third, identify the evolving trends in marketing practices alongside the penetration of these media technologies in the market; and finally, argue the need for mindful adoption of marketing practices in the Indian market, rather than direct replication of Western practices. Design/methodology/approach The historical perspective on the post-colonial Indian market is done through extant literature review and analysis of marketing practices by iconic brands in the Indian market. Findings This research reveals that the adoption of Western marketing practices by brands in the Indian market has led to increasing materialistic consumption patterns among consumers. Furthermore, such practices in the social media technology era impose individualistic values in the Indian consumers, contrary to the cultural values of the country. Therefore, this research posits the need for mindful marketing practices to be adopted for the Indian market. Social implications This research shows warning signs of growing materialistic values among Indian consumers and the implications of marketing strategies on the society as a whole. Originality/value This study is a first of its kind in highlighting the transformation of the post-colonial Indian market by integrating actual marketing campaigns over this period with literature to present the various issues in the current state of the market.
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Vohra, Aastha Verma, und Garima Gupta. „Predisposition towards foreign brands and materialism: a quantitative assessment“. Journal of Asia Business Studies 11, Nr. 1 (03.01.2017): 41–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jabs-08-2015-0144.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the dimensions of predisposition towards foreign brands (PTFB) for Indian consumers and examine their impact on materialism/materialist value (MAT). The study further conducts an in-depth analysis of these constructs for possible variations across consumer demographics. Design/methodology/approach Using a structured questionnaire, primary data were collected from 487 respondents in the city of Delhi and National Capital Region (NCR). While a modified scale was developed to operationalize PTFB, the measurement instrument for MAT was adapted on the basis of an extensive literature review. Statistical techniques such as Exploratory factor analysis, Confirmatory factor analysis, t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression analysis were used to test various hypotheses of the study. Findings The study identified five dimensions of PTFB, namely, “Reputation”, “Preference”, “Country of Origin”, “Accessibility” and “Quality”, through confirmatory factor analysis in structural equation modelling. Except for “Preference” and “Accessibility”, all remaining dimensions were found to be exerting a significant impact on MAT. The results further indicate that consumers’ PTFB as well as their MAT differs across demographics such as age, income, gender, occupation and qualification. Practical implications The paper brings to the fore useful insights for marketers of foreign brands. The findings can be effectively used for developing a more focused marketing strategy for Indian consumers by helping in identifying demographic segments that are more responsive and susceptible to the entry of foreign brands in Indian markets. Originality/value The paper attempts to develop a more robust instrument for measurement of consumers’ PTFB and provides dimensions constituting the construct for consumers of emerging markets such as India. The current research also indicates that there exists a significant variation in PTFB and MAT for different demographic segments of consumers.
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Chaudhary, Sartaj, und Ajoy Kumar Dey. „Influence of socialisation agents on the materialism of Indian teenagers“. International Journal of Indian Culture and Business Management 13, Nr. 2 (2016): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijicbm.2016.078040.
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Marwaha, Sonali Bhatt. „Roots of Indian Materialism in Tantra and Pre-Classical Sāṃkhya“. Asian Philosophy 23, Nr. 2 (Mai 2013): 180–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09552367.2013.777582.
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Khatri, Tilak Bahadur. „Original Gītā: The Mouthpiece of Indian Territorial Slave States“. Contemporary Research: An Interdisciplinary Academic Journal 6, Nr. 2 (05.12.2023): 248–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/craiaj.v6i2.60278.
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This article attempts to contextualize the original part of the Bhagavad Gītā. The study observes the total 85 verses up to 2.38 of the Gītā as the original one, which deals with the question of war. The study has relevance as it informs the reader of the dominant ideology of the time when the text was produced. The article addresses on the research problems concerning the basic ideology or dharma of the original Gītā and its indication of the time when the text was set. In order to contextualize the original Gītā, the historical background and textual properties of this part will be analyzed by applying the methodological tool of the Marxist concept of historical materialism. Historical materialism analyzes any text as a literary production that reflects the social and economic base of a particular society. The study reveals that the original Gītā carries the dominant ideology or dharma as the human greed for wealth, power, and prosperity of the new territorial slave states based on private property and classes. The original Gītā, thus, is found to be set at a time when Indian slavery was on the rise overthrowing the primitive commune of Aryan Gaṇa-Saṁghas.
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Singh, Shaleen Kumar, und Alka Sharma. „The Spirituala Poems of Mahanand Sharma“. International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences 7, Nr. 3 (2022): 062–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.73.9.
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Indian English Poetry is rich in Indian themes and symbols. Although the poets have drawn poetic elements from the Indian soil, theme of spirituality is still left untouched by the IWE. Mahanand Sharma’s poetry is the poetry of spiritual taste. As a poet of Modern Indian English sensibility, he has captured the diverse themes of Indian spirituality and mythology. His collection titled A Rudraksha Rosary and Other Poems is an interesting story of Lord Shiva written in Miltonic blank verse. However, the poet has employed the eighteenth-century diction, he has remained novel in his tackling of themes and myths of Lord Shiva. In a comprehensive manner, he uncovers the valour and exploits of Lord Shiva and provides the spiritual light to the people groping in dark of materialism. This paper is a modest attempt to unravel the spiritual strains in the poetry of Mahanand Sharma.
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Sen, Shaon, und Smitha Nayak. „Influence of Materialism on Impulse Buying Among Indian Millennials: Does Income Matter?“ Indian Journal of Marketing 49, Nr. 12 (31.12.2019): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17010/ijom/2019/v49/i12/149110.
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Klein, P. W., und Brendan O'Leary. „The Asiatic Mode of Production: Oriental Despotism, Historical Materialism and Indian History“. Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 34, Nr. 4 (1991): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3632458.
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Khera, Shikha N., und Sahil Malik. „Conceptualizing and measuring life priorities of Generation Y: evidences from Indian context“. Industrial and Commercial Training 49, Nr. 2 (06.02.2017): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ict-04-2016-0024.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the life priorities of Gen Y, the largest cohort of generation in India. Further variations in the life priorities of Gen Y with regard to their demographics have also been analyzed. Design/methodology/approach Ten-item Schwartz Value Inventory was subjected to factor analysis to explore defining factors for studying the life priorities of Gen Y in Indian context. Respondents ranking of the factors so revealed will allow us to study their preferred life priorities. The effect of demographics was assessed by employing an independent sample t-test. Findings Factor analysis revealed two factors, “materialism” and “altruism,” and Gen Y preferred materialism over altruism as their life priority. Gender and work experience did not show significant differences with regard to the life preferences Gen Y. Practical implications Gen Y is increasing its presence at workplaces across the world, and limited research has been done to study their motivations, needs and expectations at work in Indian context. This study could help managers gain insightful information related to the life priorities of Gen Y which could be harnessed to make effective strategies for their recruitment and retention. Originality/value The paper provides a valuable contribution by measuring the life priorities of Gen Y in India and adds to the scant literature on this cohort of generation.
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Chacko, Pearly Saira, Sanjeev Prashar und Hareesh N. Ramanathan. „Assessing the Relationship between Materialism and Conspicuous Consumption: Validation in the Indian Context“. Asian Academy of Management Journal 23, Nr. 2 (2018): 143–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21315/aamj2018.23.2.7.
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Dhanagare, D. N. „D. D. Kosambi, Dialectical Materialism and the Structure and Dynamics of Indian Society“. Sociological Bulletin 35, Nr. 2 (September 1986): 33–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038022919860205.
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FULLER, C. J., und HARIPRIYA NARASIMHAN. „Information Technology Professionals and the New-Rich Middle Class in Chennai (Madras)“. Modern Asian Studies 41, Nr. 1 (11.12.2006): 121–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x05002325.
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Since 1991, when the policy of economic liberalisation began in earnest, the size and prosperity of India's middle class have grown considerably. Yet sound sociological and ethnographic information about its social structure and cultural values is still sparse, and as André Béteille (2003a: 75) comments: ‘Everything or nearly everything that is written about the Indian middle class is written by middle-class Indians…[who] tend to oscillate between self-recrimination and self-congratulation’ (cf. Béteille 2003b: 185). The former is exemplified by Pavan Varma's The Great Indian Middle Class (1998), which excoriates this class for its selfish materialism and the ‘retreat from idealism’ that was manifest in the smaller, ‘traditional middle class’ of the earlier, post-independence period (ibid.: 89). A good example of the opposite tendency is Gurcharan Das's India Unbound (2002), which celebrates ‘the rise of a confident new middle class’ (ibid.: 280). Das's diagnosis of what has changed is actually very similar to Varma's, but he insists that the new middle class is no ‘greedier’ than the old one, and the ‘chief difference is that there is less hypocrisy and more self-confidence’ (ibid.: 290).
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Roy, Rajat, Fazlul K. Rabbanee, Himadri Roy Chaudhuri und Preetha Menon. „The karma of consumption: role of materialism in the pursuit of life satisfaction“. European Journal of Marketing 54, Nr. 1 (22.11.2019): 168–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-02-2018-0134.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine how social comparison (SC) and belief in karma (KA) encourage materialism (MAT) and promote consumers’ life satisfaction (LS). Design/methodology/approach Two studies were conducted with Indian middle class consumers to test the basic premises of the current research. The first one used a survey (N = 247), while the second one used an experimental design (N = 206). Findings The survey results showed that SC and belief in KA promoted MAT amongst Indian consumers and further enhanced their LS. Findings from the experiment revealed a novel two-way interaction, in that the KA–MAT relationship was moderated by the underlying motivation for MAT. Research limitations/implications Future research may validate and extend our findings using different samples to increase external validity. Practical implications By explaining the interactive effects of MAT, its underlying motivation and belief in KA, managers will gain a better understanding of why consumers in an emerging market like India purchase conspicuous products. Originality/value This is the first paper to study how the KA–MAT relationship influences LS amongst consumers in the world’s fastest-rising economy. Furthermore, no prior research has reported a boundary condition for the KA–MAT relationship studied here. The findings contribute to an extremely limited body of literature on KA and consumption.
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Gitananda, W. A. Sindhu, I. Wayan Cika, I. Nyoman Suarka und I. Wayan Suka Yasa. „Materialization And Humanization Of The Spirit: A Contextualization Based On The Stylistic Representation Of The Balinese Hindu Modern Philosophy“. Vidyottama Sanatana: International Journal of Hindu Science and Religious Studies 2, Nr. 1 (31.05.2018): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/ijhsrs.v2i1.517.
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<p>The prominent characteristic of the pre-modern and modern philosophical discourse in the archipelago is generalized to that of the spiritualism with the saivistic discourse; including a Balinese modern philosophical text entitled <em>Aji Sangkya</em>. However, the title of the text shows diachronic relationship with the <em>Samkhya Dharsana</em> the so-called Indian (Hindu) materialism with its jargon ‘evolution’. The tension between the discourse of spiritualism and materialism in the text is the main concern of the article based on its stylistic representations. The contextual stylistics and the deconstruction approach provide great opportunities to the <em>Aji Sangkya</em> to be interpreted as well as contextualized. Having elaborated the data, it is found that the text<em> </em>implies the process of materialization of the spirit <em>(purusha</em> or <em>atman</em>) into the circle of material <em>(pradhana)</em>, until finally becoming material itself. Nonetheless, this materialization cannot merely be understood as the process with the ultimate goal of materialism, but implicitly of humanization since the human <em>(manusa)</em> comes as the ultimate accumulation of all the philosophical categories. The term related to the materialization must be taken as the process of humanization or making the spirit humanized; the humanism take the middle position between the spiritualism and the materialism in <em>Aji Sangkya</em>, the so-called Balinese Hindu modern text of philosophy.</p>
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Arora, Taanika. „Examining the Beliefs, Attitudes, and Behavioural Responses of Indian Millennials Towards Social Media Advertisements“. International Journal of E-Business Research 19, Nr. 1 (03.02.2023): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijebr.317215.
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The purpose of the study is to examine the relationships of Indian social media users among their beliefs, attitudes, and behavioural responses towards social media advertisements. Hence, a conceptual framework based on Pollay and Mittal advertising model with two additional variables has been proposed. A quantitative approach of research has been followed, where data has been collected using a self-designed questionnaire from 472 Indian millennials who are active social media users. The results indicated that the proposed framework is a robust tool for measuring advertising effectiveness on social media sites, where the beliefs such as product information, hedonism, social role, and incentives have a significant positive relationship with attitude towards social media advertising, whereas the belief factors such as materialism, falsity, and irritation have a significant negative relationship with attitude towards social media advertising.
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Davidson, Alexander, Mohammad Reza Habibi und Michel Laroche. „Materialism and the sharing economy: A cross-cultural study of American and Indian consumers“. Journal of Business Research 82 (Januar 2018): 364–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.07.045.
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Evens, T. M. S. „Bourdieu and the Logic of Practice: Is all Giving Indian-Giving or is “Generalized Materialism” not Enough?“ Sociological Theory 17, Nr. 1 (März 1999): 3–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073527519901700102.
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I argue here that in the end Bourdieu's theory of practice fails to overcome the problem on which it expressly centers, namely, subject-object dualism. The failure is registered in his avowed materialism, which, though significantly “generalized,” remains what it says: a materialism. In order to substantiate my criticism, I examine for their ontolog-ical presuppositions three areas of his theoretical framework pertaining to the questions of (1) human agency (as seen through the conceptual glass of the habitus), (2) otherness, and (3) the gift. By scrutinizing Bourdieu's powerful and progressive social theory, with an eye to finding fault, I hope to show the need to take a certain theoretical action, one that is patently out of keeping with the usual self-presentation and self-understanding of social science. The action I have in mind is this: because the problem of subject-object dualism is in the first place a matter of ontology, in order successfully to address it there must take place a direct shift of ontological starting point, from the received starting point in Western thought to one that projects reality in terms of ambiguity that is basic. With this shift the dualism of subject and object dissolves by definition, leaving a social reality that, for reasons of its basic ambiguity, is best approached as a question of ethics before power.
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Pookulangara, Sanjukta, und Dee K. Knight. „Indian consumers’ mall patronage intentions: impacts of shopping motivations, subjective norms, materialism, and self-efficacy“. Journal of Global Fashion Marketing 4, Nr. 1 (Januar 2013): 20–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20932685.2012.753291.
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Salas Pérez, Francisco. „All Our Relations (of Production): Losing and Finding Marx in the Field of Indian Materialism“. Capitalism Nature Socialism 24, Nr. 3 (September 2013): 160–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10455752.2013.817735.
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Kania, Stanisław Jan. „How Do the Cārvākas/Lokāyatas Fit into Udayana’s Statement of Universal Worship? On Nyāya-kusumâñjali 17,3: loka-vyavahāra-siddha iti cārvākāḥ“. Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia 35 (2022): 131–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.60018/acasva.oxon6315.
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In his influential work concerned with rational argumentation in defence of Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika theism, the Nyāya-kusumâñjali, Udayana (10th–11th cent.) makes a puzzling claim that all seekers of puruṣârtha, theist or not, worship God, albeit under a different form or name. Included in the provided enumeration of different traditions of Indian thought is the irreligious school of the Cārvākas (also known as the Lokāyatas), declared by Udayana to be worshipping God as loka-vyavahāra-siddha (lit. ‘(the) established by common usage’). In this paper, I attempt to shed light on the meaning behind both loka-vyavahāra-siddha and the statement of universal worship as a whole. Specifically, I argue that Udayana imposes on non-theists and atheists the need to resort to (broadly understood) belief, and in the case of the Cārvākas/Lokāyatas this is manifested in their acceptance of everyday inference warranted by mere common usage. I reject the interpretations by Udayana’s commentators and by the modern scholar of Indian materialism, Ramkrishna Bhattacharya.
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Sharma, Girendra. „Spiritual Culture and Sustainable Development in Rural India“. Poonam Shodh Rachna 1, Nr. 7 (2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.56642/psr.v01i07.002.
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Abstract Spirituality is the essence of Indian culture in general and rural India in particular. India’s culture is mainly recognised as spiritual culture. Most of the elements of Indian culture are intangible by nature and has a spiritual dimension. In the 21st century, in the age of globalisation where western culture that is materialistic by nature is dominating, rural India is still carrying the rich tradition of spiritual culture that is close to the nature and goes in the line with sustainability of environment. This paper seeks to investigate how spiritual culture can show the way to sustainable development and also solve the problems emersed from environmental degradation. The paper is based on the review of related literatures, interviews with different stakeholders and personal observation of Indian rural life. It is revealed that many spiritual activities practices in India is close to the nature and promote sustainable development. However, the process of globalisation that emphasize materialism is getting prevalence in urban India. Rural India is still very much living with sustainability and spiritual culture. So, there is need to encourage spiritual culture that can be proved much beneficial for sustainable development. Key Words: Spiritual, rural, development, sustainability.
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Handa, Meenakshi, und Arpita Khare. „Gender as a moderator of the relationship between materialism and fashion clothing involvement among Indian youth“. International Journal of Consumer Studies 37, Nr. 1 (30.11.2011): 112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1470-6431.2011.01057.x.
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Das, Manish, und Debarshi Mukherjee. „Ethnic Identity Impact on Consumers’ Ethnocentric Tendencies: The Moderating Role of Acculturation and Materialism“. Management and Labour Studies 45, Nr. 1 (25.12.2019): 31–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0258042x19890245.
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In the era of globalization and technological advancements, ethnic identity (EID) is creating both opportunities as well as challenges for domestic and international marketers in formulating suitable marketing and branding strategies. This study attempts to investigate the role of EID in shaping consumers’ ethnocentric tendencies (CET). By analyzing data obtained from 385 surveys completed by Indian consumers, the study assessed the association of EID dimensions and consumer ethnocentrism. The findings showed that Association with Local Culture, Preserving Local Culture, Feelings towards Local Culture and Local Interpersonal Relationship enhance consumers’ CET. Materialism strengthens the effects of association for three EID dimensions and ethnocentrism, whereas acculturation weakens the association for three dimensions of EID. This study contributes to the literature, especially in the understanding of social identity theory. Practically, the findings are useful to marketers and retailers dealing with consumers in India in formulating their cultural branding strategies.
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Dr. Gunjan Saxena. „Spiritual Idealism in the Works of Emerson: An Indian Approach“. Creative Launcher 8, Nr. 5 (31.10.2023): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.53032/tcl.2023.8.5.05.
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Ralph Waldo Emerson, an American author, endeavoured to establish new dimension of ideology by balancing the scientific materialism and conventional interpretation and beliefs in religious realm. In fact, his literary creation reveals his faith and inclination towards the ideology of spirit rather than to peep into the religious orthodoxy. He along with William James motivated New Thought Churches in America and dedicated himself in enhancing and extending the effect of the spiritual movements of the 1950’s and 60’s. He continued to illustrate the depth of spirituality through his speeches, poems and essays. For him, there is an occult relation between man and the universe around him and in the wide expanse of nature, he could feel a liberation from the tyranny of things. A minute analysis of his works clarifies his penchant to stimulate the new generation to know about their own entity as well as, the adjacency of ultimate truth, and the realization of supremacy in natural phenomena. The present paper aims to present the compendious conceptions of Emerson about spirituality intermingled with idealism through the microscopic lens of Indian philosophy. This approach will highlight the need to have enough acumen and intrinsic potential to discover a new intellectual path in the realm of spiritual idealistic studies.
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Satyam Kumar. „William Shakespeare’s Macbeth in Adaptation: A Cultural Materialist Reading of Bollywood Movie Maqbool“. Creative Launcher 8, Nr. 2 (30.04.2023): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.53032/tcl.2023.8.2.03.
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The present research article focuses on Bollywood movie Maqbool (2004), the Hindi language movie adaptation of Shakespeare’s famous play Macbeth (1606). Shakespeare’s plays have become available in the cinematic adaptations in many different languages across the globe. All these adaptations focus on different aspects of the original texts, and come up with some entirely new movies which at times have the Shakespearean elements in them. The plots, settings and the timelines are of course different, but they make Shakespeare’s dramas available to a wider audience across different cultures. Maqbool is such a movie adaptation in Hindi, directed by Indian film-director, Vishal Bhardwaj. The movie relates to the incidents and events from Shakespeare’s play Macbeth, though it has entirely new flavours of its own as a typical Bollywood movie. Like Shakespeare’s plays, these movies also have something to offer to the critics. A close analysis of such adaptations, in relation to the original textual creations, can bring forth many new critical perspectives. This article aims at analysing the movie, Maqbool from the perspective of cultural materialism where it tries to bring out that how the movie interrelates with the contemporary social and political situations of the time which it depicts. There are certain hidden structures in the movie which remain unearthed when watched without critical eyes. The paper attempts a cultural materialist reading of Maqbool to bring out such hidden aspects of the movie.
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Hussain, Wajid, und Khurram Shahzad Azam. „The Dialectic of Dialectical Materialism and Discourse: A Scrutiny of Aravind Adiga’s The White Tiger“. International Journal of English Linguistics 9, Nr. 2 (02.03.2019): 394. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v9n2p394.
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The powerful social class exercises its hegemonic practices mainly on the basis of cognitive and discursive strategies. These strategies are accomplished through the exploitation of social knowledge, identities and ideologies, which, for their constitution, owe to the cognitive and discursive tactics themselves. The hegemony of the powerful social groups may, however, be countered when the manipulated individuals come to achieve enough knowledge and realization which protect their cognition from being manipulated further. Moreover, this achieved knowledge and realization also enables them to adapt themselves to the cognitive and discursive practices of the dominant class for the improvement of their socioeconomic position. The paper scrutinizes this notion in Aravind Adiga’s The White Tiger. The study applies Marx’s Dialectical Materialism and van Dijk’s concept of Discourse and Manipulation. Additionally, the latter perspective also works as a model for the research. The study elucidates that the poor-rich divide, which is prevalent in the Indian society, is mainly created by the dominant class through their manipulation of the cognition of the dominated class. It also highlights the productive attempt by a lowest of the low caste individual to become a successful entrepreneur by adapting to and using the same cognitive and discursive tactics as employed against people like him by the powerful social class.
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Kaur, Harsandaldeep, und Sahiba Anand. „Segmenting Generation Y using the Big Five personality traits: understanding differences in fashion consciousness, status consumption and materialism“. Young Consumers 19, Nr. 4 (19.11.2018): 382–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/yc-03-2018-00788.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify personality clusters among consumers of Generation Y in India using the Big Five personality traits and profile these clusters on the basis of their levels of fashion consciousness, inclination toward status consumption and materialistic tendencies. Design/methodology/approach A self-completion questionnaire was administered to 751 respondents from Generation Y (born between 1980 and 2000) using mall-intercept approach. The questionnaire included demographic items and measures of the Big Five personality traits, fashion consciousness, status consumption and materialism. A two-step cluster analysis, using hierarchical and nonhierarchical clustering, was conducted on each respondent’s factor scores on the five dimensions of the Big Five. Later, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was applied to identify differences in the levels of fashion consciousness, inclination toward status consumption and materialistic tendencies of the clusters. Findings Four personality clusters were identified, i.e. Conventionalists (N = 95, 12.64 per cent), Anxious Achievers (N = 207, 27.56 per cent), Introverts (N = 204, 27.16 per cent) and Positivists (N = 245, 33.82 per cent). MANOVA revealed significant differences among clusters pertaining to their levels of fashion consciousness, status consumption and materialistic tendencies. Practical implications Results suggest that the personality clusters are not homogeneous, and fashion marketers must bear in mind the differences within the cohort of Generation Y while planning their promotion and communication strategies. Originality/value The value of this study lies in integrating the widely researched constructs of the Big Five personality traits, fashion consciousness, status consumption and materialism into one holistic study, thereby offering useful insights into the fashion shopping behavior of young Indian adults.
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Gaan, Narottam. „Emerging Discourses on Security—From ‘Traditional’ to ‘Worldly’ and Beyond: An Innovative Indian Perspective“. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies 4, Nr. 2 (03.06.2018): 177–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2393957518775582.
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In the traditional conceptualisation of security, human beings remain predominantly at the centre stage claiming all privileges of military apparatus of the state by virtue of being ‘superior’ to all other living forms. Realist and neo-realist conceptualisations of the state see human kind as the sole reference point and subject of security. It is argued that the security of the state impregnates the individuals against all kinds of threats from the outside ‘other’. With the emergence of non-traditional security paradigms and the broadening of the ambit of security to bring human beings directly to the mainstream, and include non-human material beings, the new materialism and worldly approaches obtain a different kind of prominence in the canon of security analysis. In this new approach, we can find the conceptualisation of ‘being together’ of human beings, other non-human living forms and the non-living material world being part of one whole world. This so-called ‘worldly approach’, articulates and emphasizes the realisation and feeling of human beings for the ‘other’, but falls short of suggesting any means by which human beings could expand themselves to include all-living and non-living forms to create new security models. This article analyses the relevance and applicability of ancient Indian wisdom substantiated by modern science to the analysis of state security.
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Atulkar, Sunil, und Bikrant Kesari. „Impulse Buying: A Consumer Trait Prospective in Context of Central India“. Global Business Review 19, Nr. 2 (23.11.2017): 477–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972150917713546.
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Impulse buying occurs when a consumer perceives an impulsive and persuasive stimulus to buy something immediately. The main objective of this study is to figure out the relationship between consumer trait and impulse buying. The studied constructs were refined and validated by exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Using SmartPLS 2.0 statistical software, responses from 267 consumers of central India in the proposed research framework were analysed and measured. Resulted findings for the constructs, impulse buying tendency, interpersonal influence, emotional attachment and materialism show significant positive relationship with impulsive buying, whereas, the construct shopping enjoyment tendency having significant relationship, showed negative effects. The study findings also support the past research efforts in this field by validating through the results, especially by considering the significant relationship between consumer traits and impulse buying for the first time in central India. Thus, the study presents useful insights to marketers and academicians regarding the buying behaviour of Indian consumers in a still developing retail sector.
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Khalil Zadeh, Neda, Kirsten Robertson und James A. Green. „‘At-risk’ individuals’ responses to direct to consumer advertising of prescription drugs: a nationally representative cross-sectional study“. BMJ Open 7, Nr. 12 (Dezember 2017): e017865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017865.
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ObjectivesThe factors determining individuals’ self-reported behavioural responses to direct to consumer advertising of prescription drugs were explored with an emphasis on ‘at-risk’ individuals’ responses.DesignNationally representative cross-sectional survey.SettingCommunity living adults in New Zealand.Participants2057 adults (51% women).Primary outcome measuresSelf-reported behavioural responses to drug advertising (asking a physician for a prescription, asking a physician for more information about an illness, searching the internet for more information regarding an illness and asking a pharmacist for more information about a drug).MethodsMultivariate logistic regressions determined whether participants’ self-reported behavioural responses to drug advertising were predicted by attitudes towards advertising and drug advertising, judgements about safety and effectiveness of advertised drugs, self-reported health status, materialism, online search behaviour as well as demographic variables.ResultsIdentifying as Indian and to a less extent Chinese, Māori and ‘other’ ethnicities were the strongest predictors of one or more self-reported responses (ORs 1.76–5.00, Ps<0.05). Poorer self-reported health status (ORs 0.90–0.94, all Ps<0.05), favourable attitude towards drug advertising (ORs 1.34–1.61, all Ps<0.001) and searching for medical information online (ORs 1.32–2.35, all Ps<0.01) predicted all self-reported behavioural outcomes. Older age (ORs 1.01–1.02, Ps<0.01), less education (OR 0.89, P<0.01), lower income (ORs 0.89–0.91, Ps<0.05) and higher materialism (ORs 1.02–1.03, Ps<0.01) also predicted one or more self-reported responses.ConclusionsTaken together, the findings suggest individuals, especially those who are ‘at-risk’ (ie, with poorer self-reported health status, older, less educated, lower income and ethnic minorities), may be more vulnerable to drug advertising and may make uninformed decisions accordingly. The outcomes raise significant concerns relating to the ethicality of drug advertising and suggest a need for stricter guidelines to ensure that drug advertisements provided by pharmaceutical companies are ethical.
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Afza, Mainuddin. „Superior-Subordinate Relationships and Satisfaction in Indian Small Business Enterprises“. Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 30, Nr. 3 (Juli 2005): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090920050302.
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This paper has used the hierarchy-based power system by French and Raven (1959) for researching the motivational potential in small business manufacturing enterprises. Studies in this area have been conducted but most of them are in the US, a country that is characterized by favourable demographic and other infrastructural environmental factors. However, this study used data from small business enterprises in India which is a fast developing economy though it does not yet have the logistics and the techno-economic infrastructure like the one in the US. One primary objective of this study was to see if the findings from an emerging economy are different from those of developed countries. Another objective was to get insights into the hierarchical motivation dynamics in the Indian enterprises. Indian environment is different from the US' in two important respects: the existence of high power-distance in the organizational hierarchies (as opposed to low power-distance in the US), and the market life cycle driven maturity level of Michel Porter's (1985) industry forces. The ultimate objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between bases of leader power and several criterion variables such as commitment, satisfaction, intent to leave, and compliance. Some of the findings of the study are as follows: The power bases are influential predictors in the US, a society that is characterized by high level of individualistic materialism, low power-distance, and strong entrepreneurial mental behaviour. In India, the power bases are likely to be even more influential because of the society's unique socio-cultural characteristics. India's social environment is high on power-distance that commands loyalty and possibly accountability in small business sector. The influence of Confucian philosophy and Gandhi's values are likely factors that differentiate India's culture base from that of the US. The results of this study are quite consistent with many of the findings of more recent studies done in the US. There were some differences between the findings of the present and other recent studies which may be attributed to the type of professionals who participated in this study and the socio-economic and power-distance driven cultural differences between the US and India. One important limitation of the present study is that the relationships discussed are correlational, not causal. Experimental studies are needed to investigate causal links between the bases of leader power and criterion variables. Moreover, further studies of superior-subordinate relationships and their effects on motivation and compliance using India's culture factors are needed to determine the relevance and applicability of US-based studies in India.
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Khare, Arpita, Amrut Sadachar und Srikant Manchiraju. „Investigating the Role of Knowledge, Materialism, Product Availability, and Involvement in Predicting the Organic Clothing Purchase Behavior of Consumers in the Indian Market“. Journal of International Consumer Marketing 32, Nr. 3 (27.11.2019): 228–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08961530.2019.1695239.
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Evens, T. M. S. „Bourdieu and the Logic of Practice: Is All Giving Indian-Giving or is "Generalized Materialism" Not Enough? For the memory of Louis Dumont“. Sociological Theory 17, Nr. 1 (März 1999): 3–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0735-2751.00063.
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Rapp, John A. „The Asiatic Mode of Production: Oriental Despotism, Historical Materialism and Indian History. By Brendan O'Leary, with a Foreword by Ernest Gellner. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1989.“ Journal of Asian Studies 50, Nr. 1 (Februar 1991): 118–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2057482.
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Bhattacharya, Ramkrishna. „DEVELOPMENT OF LOGIC IN INDIA: SIGNIFICANCE OF 'THE DUOLOGUE BETWEEN PĀYĀSI AND KASSAPA' ("LONG DISCOURSES")“. Kriterion: Revista de Filosofia 57, Nr. 133 (April 2016): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-512x2016n13308rb.
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ABSTRACT 'The Duologue of King/Governor Pāyāsi' ("Long Discourses") has long been recognised as a source for the proto-materialism current at the time of the Buddha. What needs to be stressed is the significance of the text as a pointer to the development of Logic in India. Perception (observation and experiment employing the joint method of agreement and difference), which is an accepted method of experimental enquiry, and reasoning from analogy, which can lead at best to a probable conclusion - these two are the only means employed to settle the dispute concerning the existence of the other-world. The Jain version of the same duologue-cum-parable, though varying in minor details regarding the name and identity of the monk refuting the king/governor, contains the same contrast, namely, perception versus analogical reasoning. There can be little doubt that the original parable was conceived with a view to asserting the existence of the other-world. In the Kaṭha Upaniṣad (sixth century BCE), an earlier Brahmanical text, however, instead of argument by analogy, verbal testimony (śabda) was invoked to settle the same point. Naciketas is assailed by doubt about the existence of a person after his or her death. The authority of Yama, the Pluto of Indian mythology, is invoked to convince him that the other-world does exist. Thus, the three parables taken together exhibit three means of knowledge in operation: verbal testimony and argument by analogy pitted against perception.
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Bhatia, Vinita. „Examining consumers’ attitude towards purchase of counterfeit fashion products“. Journal of Indian Business Research 10, Nr. 2 (18.06.2018): 193–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jibr-10-2017-0177.
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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the factors affecting consumers’ attitude towards counterfeit fashion products and the relationship of consumers’ attitude towards counterfeit fashion products with purchase intention. Design/methodology/approach A conceptual model is proposed and validated by following the various studies on counterfeit products. A survey of 382 respondents was conducted in the Mumbai city. The researcher has used structural equation modelling to test the causal relationships among the constructs. Findings The results of the study indicate that value consciousness, materialism and social influence positively relate to consumers’ attitude towards counterfeit fashion products which eventually leads to purchase intention. Brand consciousness and perceived risk have no significant relationship with consumers’ attitude towards counterfeit fashion products. Low-income group consumers are value conscious and brand conscious and perceive a low risk which influences their attitude towards counterfeit fashion products. Research limitations/implications The study uses a self-reported measure to collect the data through email, and a printed copy of the questionnaire was circulated. Also, the method of sample selection was not random. These two aspects could limit the generalizability of the results. Practical implications The paper provides assistance to the manufacturers and the retailers of genuine brand products to formulate better marketing strategies for attracting new customers. Originality/value The study aims to investigate the factors affecting Indian consumers’ attitude towards counterfeit fashion products which is not much analysed. The factors were carefully chosen so as to meet the requirements of the study. Income is taken as a moderator for studying the relationship between factors and attitude towards counterfeit fashion products.
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Atulkar, Sunil, und Bikrant Kesari. „Role of consumer traits and situational factors on impulse buying: does gender matter?“ International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 46, Nr. 4 (09.04.2018): 386–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-12-2016-0239.
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Purpose With the growing acceptance of organised retail in Central India, it is important to understand the impulse buying phenomenon and how it is influenced by consumer traits and situational factors. The purpose of this paper is to examine the combined effect of three consumer traits and four situational factors on impulsive buying. Design/methodology/approach Using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling (SmartPLS 2.0 software), responses from 417 hypermarket and supermarket consumers of Central India in the proposed research framework were analysed and validated. Findings The resulted values for the construct impulse buying tendency, shopping enjoyment tendency, materialism, person’s situation, motivational activities by retailers and product attributes show positive significant influences, whereas the construct store environment having relationship with impulse buying shows negative influence. Importantly, the findings also demonstrate that the gender moderates the relationship between various factors of consumer traits and situational factors with impulse buying. Research limitations/implications The study develops a research framework with three specific variables of consumer traits and four variables of situational factors, triggers impulse buying. Therefore, there is a need to incorporate some other variables, such as interpersonal influence, consumer involvement and consumption patterns, so that more affluent insights can be obtained. The study presents useful insights to retailers, academicians and researchers, regarding impulse buying behaviour of Indian consumers in a still developing organised retail sector in Central India. Originality/value The study focussed on the combined effect of consumer traits and situational factors on impulse buying for the first time in Central India, as earlier studies focussed on impulse buying behaviour at the USA and metro cities of India.
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Quevedo García, Francisco J. „El paradigma del burgués indiano en la loca de la casa, de Galdós“. Monteagudo, Nr. 25 (15.10.2020): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/monteagudo.446031.
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El personaje del indiano en el siglo XIX es representativo de una sociedad española con notables problemas económicos que impulsa a la emigración, así como de una imagen mítica de América como tierra de oportunidades. En este caso, trabajamos la figura de José María Cruz, en La loca de la casa, a través del cual apreciamos la apuesta galdosiana por el trabajo de la burguesía activa, necesario para la regeneración española, pero sin caer en el exceso del materialismo con el culto absoluto al dinero. The character of the indiano in the nineteenth century is representative of a Spanish society with notable economic problems, which drives emigration, as well as a mythical image of America as a land of opportunity. In this case, we work on the figure of José Maria Cruz, in La loca de la casa, through which we appreciate the galdosian commitment to the work of the active bourgeoisie, necessary for Spanish regeneration, but without falling into the excess of materialism with the absolute cult of money.
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Sharif al Mujahid. „Muslim Nationalism“. American Journal of Islam and Society 2, Nr. 1 (01.07.1985): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v2i1.2922.
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Muhammad Iqbal (1877-1938) was a man of great many ideas-sublime and serene, dynamic and romatic, provocative and profound.He was both a great poet and a serious thinker; but in poetic works liesenshrined most of his thought. It seems rather platitudinous to say, but itis important to note, that a poet is essentially a man of moods, and enjoysa sort of poetic license which is scrupulously denied to a prose-writer.Since a poet usually gives utterance to his reactions to a given situation,his utterances and ideas need not always be compatible with one another.Such was the case with Iqbal.During his poetic career, spanning some four decades, Iqbal hadimbibed, approved, applauded and commended a great many ideas -ideas which occupied various positions along the spectrum on thephilosophic, social, and political plane. Thus, at one time or another, hecommended or denounced nationalism; propagated pan-Islamism andworld Muslim unity; criticised the West for its materialism, for its cutthroatcompetition and for its values while applauding the East for itsspiritualism and its concern for the soul; and condemned capitalismwhile preaching “a kind of vague socialism.”’ While, on the one hand, hesteadfastly stood for “the freedom of ijtihad with a view to rebuild thelaw of Shari’at in the light of modern thought and experience,” and evenattempted to reformulate the doctrines of Islam in the light of twentiethcentury requirements a la St. Augustine, he, on the other, also defendedthe orthodox position and the conservatism of Indian Islam on somecounts. Though “inescapably entangled in the net of Sufi thought," heyet considered popular mysticism or “the kind of mysticism whichblinked actualities, enervated the people and kept them steeped in allkinds of superstitions” as one of the primary causes of Muslim declineand downfall.It is to this aspect of Iqbal that Professor Hamilton A.R. Gibb wasreferring when he suggested: ...
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Bullock, Katherine. „Editorial“. American Journal of Islam and Society 22, Nr. 1 (01.01.2005): i—iv. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v22i1.1725.
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Just as the world united in grief after the tragic carnage of 9/11, so too hasthe world become one after the cataclysmic tsunami that has claimed,according to Australia’s Sydney Morning Herald (February 8, 2005),295,608 lives, and has affected 11 countries in the Indian Ocean region.The tsunami destroyed entire villages and families. Long after thehouses have been rebuilt and the people have returned to a kind of normalcyin their lives, the effects of this catastrophe will continue to be felt.Local economies and the infrastructures needed to support them will haveto be rebuilt, and there will be the continuing psychological impact on thesurvivors, who will always feel guilty for having survived and who willnever be free of the pain of losing their loved ones.No one has been unaffected by the tsunami, although some of us, bythe grace of God (swt), have not felt its devastation. As the English adagegoes, every cloud has a silver lining. And in the face of such an awesomenatural calamity, we have seen the best side of humanity, as people rush toprovide aid and assistance to the survivors.The tsunami has also allowed those working in poverty relief and aidprograms elsewhere to turn the spotlight on their efforts to avert othercalamities that are of the same magnitude but occur at a much slower pace.Among such people is Stephen Lewis, the UN Secretary-General’s SpecialEnvoy for HIV/AIDS in Africa, who pointed out during an interview on CBCradio (January 12, 2005) that more than 2 million people in Africa die eachyear of AIDS. And then there is Rabbi Michael Lerner, who reminded us inhis essay in Tikkun (January 5, 2005) of a recent UN report that 29,000 childrendie every day from avoidable diseases and malnutrition.Calamities and their accompanying suffering and struggles are tests forhumanity. They remind us that we are not in control of the universe, andthus are a lesson in humility. They remind us that life is fragile and can betaken from us at a time and in a way that we do not expect, and thus are alesson in priorities and perspective, a check against the materialism andhedonism that is overtaking our consumer capitalist lives. Who wouldreally care that they do not own the latest iPod if they knew that they wereto die tomorrow? ...
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Шарма Сушіл Кумар. „Why Desist Hyphenated Identities? Reading Syed Amanuddin's Don't Call Me Indo-Anglian“. East European Journal of Psycholinguistics 5, Nr. 2 (28.12.2018): 92–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/eejpl.2018.5.2.sha.
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The paper analyses Syed Amanuddin’s “Don’t Call Me Indo-Anglian” from the perspective of a cultural materialist. In an effort to understand Amanuddin’s contempt for the term, the matrix of identity, language and cultural ideology has been explored. The politics of the representation of the self and the other that creates a chasm among human beings has also been discussed. The impact of the British colonialism on the language and psyche of people has been taken into account. This is best visible in the seemingly innocent introduction of English in India as medium of instruction which has subsequently brought in a new kind of sensibility and culture unknown hitherto in India. Indians experienced them in the form of snobbery, racism, highbrow and religious bigotry. P C Ray and M K Gandhi resisted the introduction of English as the medium of instruction. However, a new class of Indo-Anglians has emerged after independence which is not different from the Anglo-Indians in their attitude towards India. The question of identity has become important for an Indian irrespective of the spatial or time location of a person.
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Apffel-Marglin, Frédérique. „Post-Materialist Integral Ecology“. Worldviews 22, Nr. 1 (12.03.2018): 56–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685357-02201004.
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Abstract This essay is an example of a post-materialist science in the work of molecular biologist Candace Pert. Post-materialist science supersedes materialist-reductionist science and integrates spirituality with materiality. This discussion is motivated by the author’s experience as an academic in a New England institution. Integral ecology is entangled with post-material science as in the work of cosmologist Brian Swimme, Thomas Berry and Mary-Evelyn Tucker. The last part discusses the author’s creation of a non-profit organization in the Peruvian Upper Amazon. The work of her center is a response to requests by the local indigenous leadership for an alternative to their slash and burn form of agriculture. The alternative is the regeneration of a pre-Columbian anthropogenic Amazonian soil known as Terra Preta do Indio (black earth of the Indians) in Brazil, which integrates materiality and spirituality and offers the possibility of food security and sovereignty as well as climate mitigation.