Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Imidazolium immobilization“

We report a new covalent surface immobilization of silane-modified imidazolium ionic liquids on hydrotalcite-like materials (HTs) and provide detailed characterization of the resulting surface chemistry using PXRD, CP-MAS, TGA and FT-IR.

A highly water-dispersible palladium nanocatalyst was fabricated by the immobilization of Pd onto the surface of PEGylated imidazolium based phosphinite ionic liquid functionalized γ-Fe₂O₃@SiO₂ core–shell nanoparticles.

In the present study, immobilization of different amounts of ionic liquid (IL) 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate [EMIM][BF₄] into the pores of ordered mesoporous MCM-41 (Mobil Composition of Matter no. 41) has been accomplished successfully.

We have reported a sensing platform comprising of agar ionogels (IGs) made in ionic liquid solutions (1-octyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride [C8mim][Cl] and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [C2mim][Cl]) and used it for glucose oxidase (GOx) immobilization for glucose detection.

A new polystyrene-type resin loaded with pincer-type imidazolium ionic tag has been very effective in the immobilization of [PdCl₄]²⁻ palladium complex leading to a very low leaching of the metal during its use in flow.

Different patterns (beads, membranes and powders) of cellulose regenerated from room temperature ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride ([Bmim]Cl) were prepared to immobilized papain molecules. It is found that regenerated cellulose (RC) membranes was the best pattern for papain loading and immobilization. Removing the supernatant of the solution containing free enzyme as well as RC carriers before immobilization without the addition of ethanol as the precipitant were benefit for increasing the activity of the immobilized papain. Papain could be immobilized successfully on the surface of RC carriers through SEM analysis.

Two kinds of imidazolium ionic liquids with different weight ratios were absorbed on the outer surface of MWCNTs. The orientational order and properties of ILs immobilized on the MWCNTs' surfaces were analyzed.

Films and beads of cellulose regenerated from room temperature ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride ([BmiCl) were prepared. In this work, regenerated cellulose (RC) films and beads were modified with NaIO4, and then papain was immobilized. The immobilized enzyme activities of RC carriers were determinated by BAEE (N-benzoyl-DL-arginine ethyl ester hydrochloride) method. According to the experiments, 5.0mg/mL of free papain was fixed to obtain the immobilized enzyme with high activity. Moreover, high content of cellulose regenerated from ILs (<saturated content) was benefit to achieve high activity of enzyme after immobilization.

La pollution de l'eau par les nitrates représente un défi environnemental majeur et constitue l'une des dix violations les plus courantes de la qualité de l'eau dans le monde. Ce défi offre une opportunité pour l'économie circulaire, car l'électrolyse des nitrates a été proposée comme une méthode durable pour la valorisation des effluents contaminés par les nitrates grâce à la production décentralisée et simultanée d'ammoniac (un produit chimique de base). En particulier, la réduction électrochimique des nitrates (REN) est une stratégie prometteuse et durable pour résoudre le problème critique de la pollution des sources d'eau par les nitrates. Plusieurs matériaux abondants sur Terre, tels que le cuivre et l'étain, ont été proposés comme matériaux électrocatalytiques adaptés pour la REN. Jusqu'à présent, la plupart des études électrochimiques fondamentales ont été menées dans des conditions potentiostatiques. En revanche, cette étude présente une évaluation de la REN dans des conditions galvanostatiques pour atteindre des conditions opérationnelles plus représentatives pour des systèmes ingénierisés de plus grande envergure. Cependant, cela provoque l'apparition de la réaction concomitante de dégagement de l'hydrogène (HER), qui se produit à un potentiel thermodynamique similaire à celui de la REN. Ainsi, l'efficacité faradique de la REN diminue considérablement dans des conditions galvanostatiques réalistes en raison de la concurrence avec la HER. Ce projet aborde ce défi fondamental en électrocatalyse et propose une nouvelle stratégie basée sur l'immobilisation de molécules ioniques à base d'imidazolium sur la surface de la cathode pour inhiber sélectivement la HER et améliorer la REN. Notamment, cette recherche explore une gamme de matériaux de cathodiques hybrides, y compris des électrodes à base de carbone et de métal sous forme de plaques 2D et de mousses 3D, reconnues pour leur potentiel dans les applications réelles de la REN. Le succès de l'immobilisation de la couche organique ionique sur les cathodes a été confirmé par différentes techniques de caractérisation physico-chimiques et par une évaluation subséquente de l'activité et de la sélectivité électrocatalytiques, démontrant une sélectivité et une efficacité faradique améliorées pour la production d'ammoniac sur les cathodes hybrides, deux fois supérieures à celles du matériau d'électrode nu pour la REN dans les mêmes conditions expérimentales
Nitrate pollution in water represents a significant environmental challenge and is one of the top ten most common water quality violations worldwide. This challenge offers an opportunity for the circular economy as nitrate electrolysis has been suggested as a sustainable method for valorization of nitrate-contaminated effluents by simultaneous decentralized ammonia production (a commodity chemical). In particular, the electrochemical reduction of nitrate (ERN) is a promising and sustainable strategy for addressing the critical issue of nitrate pollution in water sources. Several earth abundant materials such as copper and tin have been suggested as suitable electrocatalytic materials for ERN. Mostly fundamental electrochemical studies under potentiostatic conditions are reported so far. In contrast, this study presents ERN evaluation under galvanostatic conditions for achieving more representative operational conditions for larger engineered systems. However, this provokes the appearance of the concomitant hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), which takes place at a similar thermodynamic potential than ERN. Thus, faradaic efficiency for ERN significantly diminishes under realistic galvanostatic conditions due to the competition with HER. This project addresses this fundamental challenge in electrocatalysis and proposes a novel strategy based on the immobilization of imidazolium-based ionic molecules on the surface of the cathode to selectively inhibit HER and enhance ERN. Notably, this research explores a range of hybrid cathode materials, including 2D plate and 3D foam carbon- and metal-based electrodes, which are recognized for their potential in real world applications for ERN. The success of the ionic organic layer immobilization onto the cathodes was confirmed through different physicochemical characterization techniques and subsequent electrocatalytic activity and selectivity evaluation, which demonstrated an enhanced selectivity and faradaic efficiency for ammonia production on hybrid cathodes twice as much as the bare electrode material for ERN under the same experimental conditions