Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Imagerie médicale – Appareils et matériel – Innovation“
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Dissertationen zum Thema "Imagerie médicale – Appareils et matériel – Innovation"
Laloy-Borgna, Gabrielle. „Micro-élastographie : caractérisation mécanique de la cellule par ondes élastiques“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LYO10058.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDyanmic elastography is an imaging method to measure the elasticity of biological tissues in a non-invasive and quantitative way. Recently, the transposition of the technique to a small scale has been called dynamic micro-elastography and has allowed the first measurements of cellular elasticity by shear waves using an optical microscope. This thesis aims to undetstand the limits of this technique and to develop new micro-elastography methods, to test new wave sources but also potential applications of the technique. In a first step, the dispersion of shear waves was studied on gelatin phantoms. Two distinct regimes of guided elastic waves and shear waves were identified. The high-frequency limit of wave propagation was also explored, establishing the existence of a cutoff frequency which explains the absence of ultrasonic shear imaging. The same approach was then applied to visco-elastic fluids, revealing two cutoff frequencies and revisiting previous studies on rheology and wave propagation in this type of medium. Then, the initial objective being to carry out micro-elastography on single cells and the experiments previously carried out with micro-pipettes presenting certain defects, an original method of cellular micro-elastography was developed. An oscillating microbubble is used as a contactless shear wave source at 15 kHz to perform experiments on blood cells whose diameter is about 15 µm. These are the smallest objects ever explored by elastography. Larger objects, cell clusters of a few tens of thousands of cells have also been studied. Indeed, since ultrasound elastography of these tumour models of about 800 µm in diameter is impossible, optical micro-elastography is a suitable technique. These samples contain magnetic nanoparticles, so a magnetic pulse could be used as a wave source. Previously, proofs of concept on both macroscopic (in ultrasonic elastography) and microscopic (in optical micro-elastography) phantoms were conducted to validate the use of this diffuse field source. Finally, pulse wave measurements were performed on retinal arteries of about 50 µm in diameter using laser Doppler holography acquisitions performed in vivo. The application of monochromatic correlation algorithms allowed the measurement of guided wave velocities, finally revealing the existence of a second pulse wave, an antisymmetric bending wave. This guided wave, much slower than the axisymmetric pulse wave studied so far, was also observed on the carotid artery thanks to ultrafast ultrasound acquisitions
Deruelle, Tristan. „Magnetic Resonance Elastography : towards prostate cancer imaging and slow compression wave imaging in softtissues“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LYSE1068.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleProstate cancer is the second most prevalent cancer in men worldwide. It is suspected when the PSA density is high or/and the superficial prostate feels hard during digital rectal examination. Multiparametric MRI is now recommended prior biopsy when detecting for cancer. However, image interpretation is challenging, even for specialists, and brings many false-positive. Elastography is a technique to assess tissue stiffness by inducing small vibrations. It could provide a 3D map of the stiffness of the prostate. We believe that MR elastography could complement the current multiparametric MRI. Given prostate location and consitution, wave propagation is difficult though. The current work presents the design of a non-invasive wave generation device for the prostate. Then, a new field separation algorithm is presented. This algorithm provides a better estimation of the stiffness, and the correction of artefact generated by common vibrators. Finally, this algorithm can have applications in porous media. Indeed, in poro-elastic materials, a slow compression wave propagates. We observe such a wave in an agar gel, in a foam phantom, and in vivo in human kidney graft. In addition to the classic shear wave velocity estimation, it is now possible to estimate the compression wave velocity. This is an additional piece of information that the operator can use in its diagnostic. In the future, more porous parameters could be derived
Blahuta, Samuel. „Etude et optimisation de matériaux scintillateurs pour l'imagerie médicale“. Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066740.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTaron, Maxime. „Ecalage et modélisation de formes avec incertitudes : contributions et applications à la segmentation avec a priori statistique“. Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENPC0734.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMagimel-Pelonnier, Vincent. „Traitement d'images : vers l'extraction automatique de paramètres : application à la cardiologie en médecine nucléaire“. Bordeaux 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BOR10528.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTemal, Lynda. „Ontologie de partage de données et d'outils de traitement dans le domaine de la neuroimagerie“. Rennes 1, 2008. ftp://ftp.irisa.fr/techreports/theses/2008/temal.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMulé, Sébastien. „Méthodologie pour l’évaluation de la microcirculation en imagerie ultrasonore de contraste“. Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112033.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleContrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging is a modality of growing interest in human and small animal studies for the estimation of microcirculation parameters. Nevertheless, estimated microcirculation parameters are still impaired by several artefacts: the contrast agent concentration, microbubble attenuation and motion that is present in the acquisitions. The aim of this work is to propose a methodology for assessing microcirculation in small animal CEUS studies by investigating original methods to correct for these artefacts. An a posteriori frame selection method has been proposed. This method, based on a Principal Component Analysis and that integrates a priori information about the respiratory frequency, allows the selection of the frames acquired at the same respiratory phase. A method for estimating microbubble attenuation in vivo has also been developed. This method provides a dynamic microbubble-specific sequence without shadowing artefacts and therefore more reliable than available from original sequences. These methods, which have been implemented in a user friendly software, have been applied and validated in renal perfusion studies in a murine and a porcine model. Especially, their interest in assessing tumor microcirculation and the efficacy of an antiangiogenic treatment has been highlighted
Ménard, Laurent. „Étude, développement et évaluation clinique d'un imageur gamma per-operatoire“. Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999VERS0002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCottereau, Benoit. „Modèles hiérarchiques en imagerie MEG/EEG : application à la création rapide de cartes rétinotopiques“. Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112042.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWhen combined with image reconstruction techniques, magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencephalography (EEG) may open new windows for the observation and exploration of time-resolved brain processes at the local--regional spatial scale. The ill-posedness of the associated inverse problem however, necessitates the introduction of image models as regularizing priors. Basic priors -- e. G. Quadratic in the norm of the expected neural currents -- yield images of brain activity that are often too smeared for the satisfactory elucidation of specific neuroscience questions that focus on localization. On the other hand, more sophisticated prior image models -- even though they would theoretically improve the detection of sparse-focal current distributions -- suffer from scalability issues that imped their practical impact. In this PhD work, my primary objective was to reconcile the best of both approaches. I have derived a multiresolution imaging technique which proceeds iteratively to the fit of image models based on the parcellation of the cortical surface. This latter derives from anatomical and functional priors such as the curvature of the cortical manifold, and/or the coregistration to some atlas relevant to the neuroscience investigation. Technically, the multiresolution imaging technique is approached as an empirical model selection procedure optimized according to the least-generalized cross validation (GCV) error principle. Further, the piecewise current model is adequately approached using a compact parametric model based on equivalent current multipoles
Trillaud, Christian. „Elaboration et conception d'un système d'acquisition multivoie pour la tomographie d'impédance électrique“. Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO10215.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBücher zum Thema "Imagerie médicale – Appareils et matériel – Innovation"
Trajtenberg, Manuel. Economic analysis of product innovation: The case of CT scanners. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1990.
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