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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Imagerie médicale – Appareils et matériel – Histopathologie“
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Dissertationen zum Thema "Imagerie médicale – Appareils et matériel – Histopathologie"
Habis, Antoine Aurélien. „Developing interactive artificial intelligence tools to assist pathologists with histology annotation“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAT022.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHistopathology on Whole Slide Images (WSI) represents a very valuable field of medicine since the study of biopsies with microscopes can reveal several diseases that are sometimes difficult or impossible to diagnose with the naked eye or other imaging techniques. With the advent of deep learning, which requires a large number of annotated images to be effective, the need to obtain quickly high-quality annotations became clear. The purpose of this thesis is to develop artificial intelligence algorithms for fast interactive annotations and corrections to facilitate user supervision in histopathology image segmentation. This thesis presents our contributions using three different interaction strategies and underlying deep-learning mathematical formalisms. Together, our contributions cover a wide range of use cases:(1) The first tool is completely supervised and tackles the task of correcting nuclei segmentation. Nuclei are biological structures that can be observed distinctly at ×40 magnification and which are essential for several diagnosis tasks. In fact, markers such as the density of nuclei or the ratio between the area of the nucleusand that of the cytoplasm are indicative of certain conditions. The proposed tool proposes a Click and Refine pipeline, exploiting novel metrics on patch similarities and novel architecture training designs to refine four types of segmentation errors, specific to nuclei.(2) The second tool consists of a weakly supervised segmentation method tested on tumoral regions in lymph node metastatic breast cancer. These tumoral regions are biological structures clearly visible at low magnification(×5 or × 10). The first part of our algorithm provides an initial coarse segmentation of the entire WSI based on scribbles, which can then be corrected using fast interactive and non-local segmentation correction inputs.(3) Finally, the third tool proposes a completely unsupervised segmentation tool and a one-shot variant to segment complex heterogeneous biological structures on whole WSIs. The One-Shot learning version is evaluated on a dataset of kidney-dilated tubules. Dilated tubules are medium-sized biological structures that can be observed at an average magnification of ×10-20. They are indicative of some diseases such as urinary tract obstruction. The underlying proposed Deep ContourFlow method translates concepts of active contours into differentiable loss functions exploited in deep-learning architectures
Blahuta, Samuel. „Etude et optimisation de matériaux scintillateurs pour l'imagerie médicale“. Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066740.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTaron, Maxime. „Ecalage et modélisation de formes avec incertitudes : contributions et applications à la segmentation avec a priori statistique“. Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENPC0734.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMagimel-Pelonnier, Vincent. „Traitement d'images : vers l'extraction automatique de paramètres : application à la cardiologie en médecine nucléaire“. Bordeaux 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BOR10528.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTemal, Lynda. „Ontologie de partage de données et d'outils de traitement dans le domaine de la neuroimagerie“. Rennes 1, 2008. ftp://ftp.irisa.fr/techreports/theses/2008/temal.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMulé, Sébastien. „Méthodologie pour l’évaluation de la microcirculation en imagerie ultrasonore de contraste“. Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112033.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleContrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging is a modality of growing interest in human and small animal studies for the estimation of microcirculation parameters. Nevertheless, estimated microcirculation parameters are still impaired by several artefacts: the contrast agent concentration, microbubble attenuation and motion that is present in the acquisitions. The aim of this work is to propose a methodology for assessing microcirculation in small animal CEUS studies by investigating original methods to correct for these artefacts. An a posteriori frame selection method has been proposed. This method, based on a Principal Component Analysis and that integrates a priori information about the respiratory frequency, allows the selection of the frames acquired at the same respiratory phase. A method for estimating microbubble attenuation in vivo has also been developed. This method provides a dynamic microbubble-specific sequence without shadowing artefacts and therefore more reliable than available from original sequences. These methods, which have been implemented in a user friendly software, have been applied and validated in renal perfusion studies in a murine and a porcine model. Especially, their interest in assessing tumor microcirculation and the efficacy of an antiangiogenic treatment has been highlighted
Ménard, Laurent. „Étude, développement et évaluation clinique d'un imageur gamma per-operatoire“. Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999VERS0002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCottereau, Benoit. „Modèles hiérarchiques en imagerie MEG/EEG : application à la création rapide de cartes rétinotopiques“. Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112042.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWhen combined with image reconstruction techniques, magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencephalography (EEG) may open new windows for the observation and exploration of time-resolved brain processes at the local--regional spatial scale. The ill-posedness of the associated inverse problem however, necessitates the introduction of image models as regularizing priors. Basic priors -- e. G. Quadratic in the norm of the expected neural currents -- yield images of brain activity that are often too smeared for the satisfactory elucidation of specific neuroscience questions that focus on localization. On the other hand, more sophisticated prior image models -- even though they would theoretically improve the detection of sparse-focal current distributions -- suffer from scalability issues that imped their practical impact. In this PhD work, my primary objective was to reconcile the best of both approaches. I have derived a multiresolution imaging technique which proceeds iteratively to the fit of image models based on the parcellation of the cortical surface. This latter derives from anatomical and functional priors such as the curvature of the cortical manifold, and/or the coregistration to some atlas relevant to the neuroscience investigation. Technically, the multiresolution imaging technique is approached as an empirical model selection procedure optimized according to the least-generalized cross validation (GCV) error principle. Further, the piecewise current model is adequately approached using a compact parametric model based on equivalent current multipoles
Trillaud, Christian. „Elaboration et conception d'un système d'acquisition multivoie pour la tomographie d'impédance électrique“. Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO10215.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCornelis, Francois. „Imagerie oncologique et modélisation mathématique : développement, optimisation et perspectives“. Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0121/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work performed at the Institute of Mathematics of Bordeaux (IMB) from 2010 to 2015 under the direction of Thierry Colin and Olivier Saut describes the creation and gradual development of a set of theories, techniques and tools linking medical imaging and applied mathematics in order to consider their clinical application in the short term in oncology. The first goal was to optimize the spatial models of tumor growth developed at the IMB including microscopic and macroscopic elements obtained by analyzing the information available on imaging explorations. Several steps were performed to better understand the in vivo modeling. Various organs and tumor types were investigated, especially in the lung, liver, and kidney. These locations were studied successively to progressively enrich the model by the answers they brought and thus respond to clinical reality. Concomitantly, tools were integrated to standardize the data collection process and help to refine the therapeutic evaluation by imaging with digital markers. The implementation of functional imaging in clinical practice has become a reality. The goal is ultimately to apply prospectively these support tools in a daily practice. Modelling was also applied in interventional oncology for the study of the electric field distribution after percutaneous irreversible electroporation in the prostate and soon in the liver. This will allow a better control of the ablation areas and thereby improve the safety and efficacy of these treatments
Bücher zum Thema "Imagerie médicale – Appareils et matériel – Histopathologie"
Trajtenberg, Manuel. Economic analysis of product innovation: The case of CT scanners. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1990.
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