Dissertationen zum Thema „Image Alimentaire“
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Granger-Baugier, Anne-Marie. „Comportement alimentaire et image du corps de différentes populations d'étudiants. Impact de l'enseignement diététique“. Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR2M005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMachaux, Deborah Cupa Dominique. „Transformations physiques, transformations psychiques ? Analyse psychopathologique de patientes obèses avant et après une chirurgie gastrique“. S. l. : Paris 10, 2009. http://bdr.u-paris10.fr/theses/intranet/2009PA100023.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMachaux, Deborah. „Transformations physiques, transformations psychiques ? Analyse psychopathologique de patientes obèses avant et après une chirurgie gastrique“. Thesis, Paris 10, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA100023.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleObesity, which cannot be reduced to one comprehension model, is a disease impacting physical, psychological and social well being. The prevalence and the seriousness of obesity increase each year. Diet, physical activity , drugs and also for many years, bariatric surgery are the different medical strategies offered to obese people, with common objective, to loose weight and to improve body or somatic complications generated by obesity. This longitudinal study, carried out with five tools (the Vocabulaire Binois-Pichot, Rorschach, NEO PI-R, TFEQ and Anamorphic Micro System) analyses the personality of obese women, the image of the body and the eating behavior prior to the bariatric surgery and one year after and again 2 years after, based on the following hypothesis : Do physical modifications generate psychic modifications ? Results show that the weight loss enables the substantial modification of the interpersonal relation but has little influence on the psychic life. Moreover, the lifting of the eating inhibition is not only under cognitive restriction but also under intra-psychic conflicts. Finaly, the dissatisfaction stemming from the body itself improves after surgery, whatever the starting time of obesity, even though women after surgery still remain dissatisfied with their image and their body. The psycho-pathological analysis of the obese person allows thus to refine and objectivise the indications and the reserves about bariatric surgery. It also allows improving the psychic treatment of patients after surgery. Key Words: obesity - bariatric surgery – personality - body image - eating behavior - psychic transformations
Coutelle-Brillet, Patricia. „L' image prix des points de vente : conceptualisation et formation : une application au cas de la distribution alimentaire“. Tours, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOUR1006.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSala, Loretta. „Étude des variables cliniques, psychologiques et discursives chez des patientes souffrant de troubles du comportement alimentaire“. Paris 8, 2008. http://octaviana.fr/document/150019343#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOur study was conducted with patients hospitalised for eating disorders to determine levels of anorexic and bulimic behaviour, associated co-morbidity, food categorisation, body perception, and speech content. Subsequently, we assess the influence of re-nutrition and cognitive behavioural therapies on these variables. Forty-two restrictive anorexics (AN-R) and 33 bulimic-anorexics (AN-BP/BN) were evaluated on four occasions using self questionnaires and tests adapted for measuring these variables: EAT, EDI, BITE, BDI, STAI, RAS, a food categorisation test, a body image perception test and a speech content test. Patients were compared with 83 healthy female participants evaluated on a single occasion. Body mass index increased considerably throughout the hospitalisation treatment. EAT and EDI scores remained at pathological levels despite considerable reductions; BITE scores normalised. Moderate to severe depression and pathological anxiety remained prevalent despite noteworthy improvements. At the beginning of the hospital treatment, AN-R and AN-BP/BN patients classed all 27 foods in the same manner. At the end of the in-patient care just 14 foods were classed similarly by the two sub groups. AN-R patients overestimated their body size in contrast to AN-BP/BN patients who, like control subjects, underestimated their body size. Post-treatment, AN-R patients persisted in overestimating their body shape whereas AN-BP/BN patient normalised. Ideal and desired body shape perception differs little between patient subtypes and normalises post-treatment with control subjects. Speech analysis showed that AN-BP/BN patients tended to be similar to the control subjects. Nonetheless, they constantly suffer their body shape over the course of the hospitalisation. AN-R patients suffer their thinness at the start of the in-patient care and they suffer their weight regain at the end of the treatment
Morin, Julie. „Examen des manifestations de la dysmorphie musculaire : intégration de différentes perspectives“. Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69314.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLa, roque Sophie. „Fréquence et retentissement des commentaires positifs et négatifs relatifs à l'apparence physique : étude des liens avec les variables des troubles de l'image du corps et des conduites alimentaires“. Thesis, Lille 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL30002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFamily and peers can promote messages that support thin ideal, by commenting body and weight aspects. Herbozo and Thompson (2006) developed the Verbal Commentary On Physical Appearance Scale, assessing frequency and impact (positive to negative) of appearance commentary, both positive and negative. The purpose of these different works is to understand the connection between appearance commentary, body image and eating disorders. First, we analysed the relationship between frequency and impact of appearance commentary and body dissatisfaction, and then with the eating disorders and the use of weight control strategies. According to tripartite Influence model (Thompson et al., 1999), we sought to verify the mediation of the link between appearance commentary and body dissatisfaction, by social comparison of appearance and internalization of thin ideal. Finally, we wanted to validate the Parental Comments (Rodgers, Faure, & Chabrol, 2009), which is parental-specific instrument of appearance commentary measure. Negative comments show solid relationships with explanatory variables of body image. Positive comments have moderate links with same variables, but their impact may take part in maintaining a focus on physical appearance. Finally, we develop scientific and preventive implications of our different results on sociocultural influences of body image
Girard, Marilou. „Troubles de l'image du corps et de l'alimentation chez les jeunes adultes : la recherche de musculature dans les modèles socioculturels“. Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU20030.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleStudy 1: The aim of the present study was to extend the extant literature by testing a modified Tripartite dual pathway model of the development of male body image and eating concerns among French young men. The revised and final model was an adequate fit to the data and included separate pathways for muscularity- and leanness-related concerns.Study 2: The aim of this study was to explore different patterns of drive for muscularity and thinness among French young women. The group of young women with “drive for muscularity and thinness” displayed the highest means of friend and partner pressures, interest in the media, thin-and-toned ideal internalization, appearance comparison, bulimic symptoms and the poorest psychological functioning.Study 3: The aim of the current study was to explore a prospective sociocultural model of the influence of media, peer, and partner pressures on body dissatisfaction, drive for thinness, and drive for muscularity in a sample of French young women. The final model presented a good fit to the data, and highlighted that media and interpersonal pressures were associated over time with increased body dissatisfaction, drive for thinness and drive for muscularity one year later, via appearance comparison
Bové, Claire. „Pratiques de contrôle de poids et préférences alimentaires d'adolescents d'un collège de la banlieue bordelaise“. Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR2M010.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBaban, a. erep Thierry Roland. „Contribution au développement d'un système intelligent de quantification des nutriments dans les repas d'Afrique subsaharienne“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TLSEP100.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMalnutrition, including under- and overnutrition, is a global health challenge affecting billions of people. It impacts all organ systems and is a significant risk factor for noncommunicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and some cancers. Assessing food intake is crucial for preventing malnutrition but remains challenging. Traditional methods for dietary assessment are labor-intensive and prone to bias. Advancements in AI have made Vision-Based Dietary Assessment (VBDA) a promising solution for automatically analyzing food images to estimate portions and nutrition. However, food image segmentation in VBDA faces challenges due to food's non-rigid structure, high intra-class variation (where the same dish can look very different), inter-class resemblance (where different foods appear similar) and scarcity of publicly available datasets.Almost all food segmentation research has focused on Asian and Western foods, with no datasets for African cuisines. However, African dishes often involve mixed food classes, making accurate segmentation challenging. Additionally, research has largely focus on RGB images, which provides color and texture but may lack geometric detail. To address this, RGB-D segmentation combines depth data with RGB images. Depth images provide crucial geometric details that enhance RGB data, improve object discrimination, and are robust to factors like illumination and fog. Despite its success in other fields, RGB-D segmentation for food is underexplored due to difficulties in collecting food depth images.This thesis makes key contributions by developing new deep learning models for RGB (mid-DeepLabv3+) and RGB-D (ESeNet-D) image segmentation and introducing the first food segmentation datasets focused on African food images. Mid-DeepLabv3+ is based on DeepLabv3+, featuring a simplified ResNet backbone with and added skip layer (middle layer) in the decoder and SimAM attention mechanism. This model offers an optimal balance between performance and efficiency, matching DeepLabv3+'s performance while cutting computational load by half. ESeNet-D consists on two encoder branches using EfficientNetV2 as backbone, with a fusion block for multi-scale integration and a decoder employing self-calibrated convolution and learned interpolation for precise segmentation. ESeNet-D outperforms many RGB and RGB-D benchmark models while having fewer parameters and FLOPs. Our experiments show that, when properly integrated, depth information can significantly improve food segmentation accuracy. We also present two new datasets: AfricaFoodSeg for “food/non-food” segmentation with 3,067 images (2,525 for training, 542 for validation), and CamerFood focusing on Cameroonian cuisine. CamerFood datasets include CamerFood10 with 1,422 images from ten food classes, and CamerFood15, an enhanced version with 15 food classes, 1,684 training images, and 514 validation images. Finally, we address the challenge of scarce depth data in RGB-D food segmentation by demonstrating that Monocular Depth Estimation (MDE) models can aid in generating effective depth maps for RGB-D datasets
Micali, Flávia Gonçalves. „Mensagens e práticas alimentares aprendidas com um instrumento imagético para orientação alimentar e nutricional“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17138/tde-12042018-113114/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleImages closely linked to written or spoken text can markedly increase attention, comprehension, recall and favors adherence to information. Faced with the high consumption of ultra-processed foods rich in fat and sugar that contribute for obesity, food and nutritional education tools are necessary to promote learning about the energy and nutritional content of food, so that people could make better food choices. The aim of the study was to understand how images influence the learning of nutritional education and food practices. It´s an experimental study, quantitative and qualitative nature, carried out with 64 women, 33 participated of food and nutrition education workshops with images (group image: Gi), and 31 attending food and nutritional education workshops without images (Group without image: Gsi), subdivided into two subgroups, of normal weight and obese women. The workshops consisted of group meetings where food and nutrition information was verbally accessed, with or without the support of photo visualization about four themes that composes the pictorial instrument of food and nutrition education, which are: \"Sweet life, being aware of sugar\" - about sugar content in sweets and beverages; \"Tasty food with little fat\" - about fat content in food; \"Eating well by making the best choices\" - about food replacements; and \"I take care of myself by eating healthy food\" - to stimulate consumption of fruits and vegetables. Each group participated in two days of workshops and two themes of the pictorial instrument were addressed in each workshop. The evaluation of the messages learned in the workshops was individually done with a semi-structured questionnaire, that have been applied immediately after the workshops (T0) and after 30 (T30) and 60 days (T60) of the 2nd workshop. In T60, it was also individually applied to the participants one questionnaire to evaluate feeding practices and focus groups were done. Twenty-four workshops, with participation of 4 to 8 women in each, and 5 focus groups have been done. The Gi had 21% greater memory than Gsi (95% CI: 0.93 to 2.4, p <0.01) at T0, with no difference between groups in the other times. The 30-day interval (T0-T30) resulted in a decrease in recall percentage of the messages in both Gi (1, 97: CI: 1.44-2.49, p <0.01) and Gsi (0.86, 95% CI: 0.32-1.40, p <0.01). The qualitative evaluation has shown that both groups learned the messages, however the images allowed for a better recall of the messages, attributed to the impact and the application of the orientations through semiotic images and resources, and awoke senses and sensations associated with the taste of food portrayed in the photos. The photos explored representations and metaphors that caused impact and referred to sensations in the individual, related to the taste of food, which can imply challenges to the person in front of their food choices. The workshops contributed to the learning and this translated, in both groups, in the awareness and sometimes in the application of the knowledge in the alimentary practices.
LE, GIA VINH. „Extraction de parametres de texture d'images de croissance cristalline dendritique“. Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10181.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCobelo, Alicia Isabel Weisz de. „Insatisfação com a imagem corporal e sintomas de transtorno alimentar, em mães de adolescentes com transtornos alimentares“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-19112008-160335/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleResearch on body and body image has gained wider relevance in recent decades. There are few studies in the literature and no Brazilian study on body image targeting the interrelationship between body image and eating symptoms in mothers of eating disorder (ED) adolescent patients. Objective: To assess body image dissatisfaction and eating symptoms in mothers of ED female adolescents (case group) and to compare this data with a group of mothers of non-ED adolescents (control group). Methods: There were studied 35 mothers of female adolescents (aged 10 to 17 years) diagnosed with eating disorders who attended the Interdisciplinary Project for Care, Teaching and Research on Eating Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence (PROTAD) at Clínicas Hospital Institute of Psychiatry of Universidade de São Paulo Medical School. Socio-demographic data was collected using a PROTAD standard questionnaire. Socioeconomic condition was assessed following the Brazilian Criteria for Economic Classification (ANEP); eating symptoms were assessed using the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26); and body image dissatisfaction was assessed through Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) and Stunkard Figure Rating Scale (FRS). The results were compared against a control group comprising 35 mothers of female adolescents (aged 10 to 17 years) who attended a private school in the city of São Paulo. Results: There were no statistically significant differences of body dissatisfaction and eating symptoms in both groups. Significant correlations were found between body mass index (BMI) and body dissatisfaction, and BMI and eating symptoms. Conclusions: Mothers of ED adolescents had the same intensity of body dissatisfaction compared to mother of non-ED adolescents. It is suggested the addition of complementary scales that would enable to integrate perceptive and subjective aspects and components that are involved in body image construction. It is crucial to conduct individual interviews with mothers of patients to more effectively involve them in their daughters treatment
Benevides, Ana Carina Flora. „Imagem do corpo, perturbações alimentares e traços de personalidade“. Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/19012.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRezende, Camila Azenha Alves de. „Estudo da imagem corporal, do estresse e das preferências alimentares em adolescentes e seus cuidadores“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59137/tde-02082012-073151/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRezende, C.A.A. Study of body image, stress and food preferences in adolescents and their caregivers. Thesis (Doctorade). 125 f. Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras, Universidade de São Paulo. Ribeirão Preto, 2012. The environmental influence on childhood obesity includes aspects related to family, food and nutrition guidelines, physical exercises, and media among others. Given this context, the present study aimed to assess the stress level, food preferences and body image in obese adolescents aged 10-13 years and their caregivers. Sixty adolescents were recruited by a dietitian under medical and nutrition supervision at the Clinic of Child and Adolescent Obesity (AOIA) Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto (FMRP-USP). Inclusion criteria was based on body mass index (IMC) calculated after weighing and measuring of adolescents. They were paired with eutrophic adolescents according to gender and age and also their caregivers, which were recruited from the Unit of Primary Health Care (PAM) of Vila Lobato, Ribeirão Preto (SP). The Stress Symptoms Inventory for Adults was used to evaluate the caregiver stress symptoms and, to assess the teenager´s, the Child Stress Inventory. The body image perception was investigated by Silhouettes Scale and the food preference through Preferences Food Test. For data analysis, the following tests were used: Fisher\'s exact test, Pearson correlation coefficient, Multiple linear regression model and Wilcoxon´s test. The results showed differences between groups related to the body image perception and food preferences, but not to stress diagnosis. The differences in body image perception between obese and eutrophic were observed, in adolescents and even in their caregivers. Both, adolescents and their caregivers, showed inaccuracy in body image perception, which was even higher in the obese group, as well as in their caregivers. The two groups, adolescents and their caregivers, showed dissatisfaction with body image, which was higher in females. There were no differences between groups in the stress evaluation. Comparing the groups, significant differences were observed regarding preference for low-calorie foods by eutrophic adolescents and their caregivers. These results suggest that caregivers can exert influence in the eating habits of their children regarding food preferences and in the judgment about their body image. Key-words: 1.Obesity; 2.Eating Habits; 3 Body image.
Micali, Flávia Gonçalves. „Construir e avaliar um instrumento imagético para orientação alimentar“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17138/tde-13022014-101433/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMethods of food guidance have shown to be increasingly more necessary because of the frequent and high consumption of processed food, which have much fat and sugar, and contribute to obesity growth. In the obesity treatment, methods of food guidance are necessary to support healthy food choices providing energetic and nutritional information that possibilities the subject to make better food choices. Researches about health education methods show that the use of pictures closely linked to written or spoken text can markedly increase cognitive process, like attention to and recall of information, and supports adherence to it. The aim of the study was to build, validate and assess the memorization of food guidance, communicated with support of an instrument of images, in normal weight and obese women. There were made four themes of photos to make the instrument of images: Sweet life, taking care of sugar, Eat well doing better choices, Pleasant food and with little fat and I take care of me with healthy food. Each theme had five photos. The criterions used were impact images that convey information about negative and positive aspects of nutritional principles. The validation of the instrument was performed using quantitative methods, with Likert scale, and qualitative, using focus groups. Ten women participated in the validation, 6 normal weight and 4 obese, to assess whether the messages transmitted by the instrument were consistent with those that were aimed to convey, and a group of 5 nutritionists to technically validate the instrument and get suggestions about it. The instrument was used in workshops about nutritional guidance and validated by means of a structured questionnaire with opened and closed questions. Thirty-three women participated in this stage, between normal weight (n=18) and obese women (n=15). The food guidance with image instrument was done in groups with 3 to 5 people, in two workshops, each of it approaching two themes of photos. After 30 and 60 days of workshops, participants weights were reassessed and the women had to answer a questionnaire to assess their memorization about food information that was transmitted at the workshops. In all assessed periods of time it was observed that obese women recalled the messages addressed in the workshops better than normal weight women, and this last group showed a reduction recall of the messages in the first period of time assessed. The photos themes that were most recalled by both groups were those with approach on sugar content of foods and drinks and healthy food, and it was observed that the type of photo instrument influenced the memorization of the messages. There was no significant variation at normal weight and obese women weight after the workshops. The instrument of images stands out as a tool to be used in the treatment and prevention of obesity, since it was effective in transmitting the desired messages, and it covers food themes that are important to the improvement of the Brazilians diet.
Kachani, Adriana Trejger. „Checagem do corpo em transtornos alimentares: relação entre comportamentos e cognições“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-25052012-162049/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleINTRODUCTION: Patients with eating disorders (ED) tend to repeatedly engage in body checking behaviors which includes constantly weighing themselves, looking in the mirror, trying on clothes to check for tightness, pinching body parts and comparing their own body to that of other people, among others. These behaviors may take a few seconds or carry on for several minutes many times a day. On the other hand, some other patients take an opposite attitude and completely avoid checking their body. These behaviors are associated with the core pathology of ED: overevaluation of body weight and eating. OBJECTIVES: To compare body checking behaviors in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and controls. METHODS: Standard scales for the assessment of body checking, anorexia and bulimia nervosa symptoms, body image, depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms were used. The study was conducted at the Eating Disorders Program (AMBULIM) of the Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine (IPq - HC - FMUSP) (AN group, n = 44; and BN group, n = 41) and at the Department of Gynecology, HC-FMUSP (control group, n = 40). RESULTS: The BN group reported more body checking (mean = 57.83) than all other groups (AN mean = 46.05; control mean = 22.80; p<0.001) as well as more body avoidance (AN mean = 1.91, BN mean = 4.05, control mean = 0.80; p<0.001). The most common body checking behavior was looking in the mirror, and the body part most frequently checked was the belly. Patients with AN seem to engage in body checking for objective verification and body and diet control while patients with BN engage in it for safety beliefs and reassurance of their own body. The control group showed low motivation to engage in body checking. Body checking was associated with the desired weight (þ = -340, p<0.001), dietary restriction (þ = 0.501, p<0.001), severity of bulimic symptoms in the BN group (mean = 67.08, p=0.021), body dissatisfaction in the AN (mean = 46.05, p = 0.001) and BN groups (mean = 57.83, p=0.022), body image distortion in the BN group (mean = 57.83, p=0.030), depressive symptoms (þ = 0.509, p<0.001) and some obsessive-compulsive symptoms, especially in patients with AN (mean somatic obsessions = 57.38, p=0.004, mean compulsive rituals eating = 58.33, p=0.043). CONCLUSIONS: Body checking behaviors and related cognitions were apparently different in the three groups studied. Patients with BN reported more body checking and body avoidance than patients with AN and controls. Controls engaged less in body checking. Motivations for engaging in body checking were different in all groups studied and controls showed low motivation to engage in body checking.
Fortes, Leonardo de Sousa. „Insatisfação corporal, comportamento alimentar e maturação biológica em jovens atletas“. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2011. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/2158.
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A insatisfação corporal é conceituada como a depreciação com peso e aparência física. Ela parece ser um dos fatores predisponentes para os comportamentos alimentares inadequados. O âmbito esportivo possui peculiaridades que parecem acentuar preocupações com o corpo e alimentação entre os atletas. Ademais, acredita-se que o processo maturacional possa influenciar na insatisfação corporal e no comportamento alimentar de atletas adolescentes. No entanto, até o momento, não se identificou estudo que tenha associado variáveis afetivas e comportamentais com a maturação biológica em atletas. Diante das reflexões retro mencionadas, o objetivo do estudo foi analisar a associação do processo maturacional com a insatisfação corporal e o comportamento alimentar inadequado em jovens atletas. Esta dissertação está estruturada em seis artigos: o primeiro, “Maturação biológica, imagem corporal e transtornos alimentares em atletas adolescentes brasileiros”, diz respeito à revisão bibliográfica realizada com os três principais temas da dissertação. No segundo, “Prevalência de insatisfação corporal e comportamento alimentar de risco para transtornos alimentares em jovens atletas”, é descrita a prevalência de insatisfação corporal e comportamento alimentar inadequado em jovens atletas. Identificaram-se diferenças de prevalência de tais variáveis entre as modalidades esportivas (p<0,05). O terceiro artigo “Comparação da insatisfação corporal e do comportamento alimentar inadequado em jovens atletas de diferentes modalidades esportivas”, verifica a modalidade esportiva que apresenta maior risco para Transtornos Alimentares em atletas adolescentes. Evidenciaram-se diferenças nas pontuações do Body Shape Questionnaire entre modalidades esportivas somente no sexo masculino (p<0,05). O quarto trabalho “Indicadores antropométricos de insatisfação corporal e de comportamentos alimentares inadequados em jovens atletas”, averigua a característica antropométrica que melhor aponta para a insatisfação corporal e que melhor prediz o comportamento alimentar inadequado em atletas adolescentes. Mostrou-se que o percentual de gordura foi a única variável que influenciou a insatisfação corporal em ambos os sexos. Além disso, somente a classificação “obeso” do estado nutricional demonstrou riscos para a alimentação desordenada no sexo masculino. No quinto artigo “Processo maturacional, insatisfação corporal e comportamento alimentar inadequado em jovens atletas”, que se refere à modulação, variância e riscos que o 8 processo maturacional exerce na insatisfação corporal e no comportamento alimentar inadequado em atletas adolescentes foram encontrados achados interessantes. O processo maturacional exerceu pouca influência sobre a insatisfação corporal e o comportamento alimentar inadequado em ambos os sexos. Ademais, os estágios de maturação biológica associaram-se com os desfechos somente no sexo masculino. Finalmente, o sexto artigo “Influência de fatores de risco sobre o comportamento alimentar em jovens atletas”, aborda a variância que fatores de risco exercem sobre o comportamento alimentar inadequado em jovens atletas. Evidenciou-se que a insatisfação corporal e o percentual de gordura influenciaram o comportamento alimentar inadequado em ambos os sexos. No entanto, grau de comprometimento psicológico com exercício, idade, etnia e nível competitivo também explicaram a variância de hábitos alimentares inapropriados no sexo masculino. Concluiu-se que o processo maturacional esteve associado com os desfechos somente no sexo masculino. Estima-se que o ambiente atlético apresente fatores como tipo de esporte, uniforme e pressões extrínsecas que possam explicar melhor afetos e comportamentos em jovens atletas Brasileiros.
Body dissatisfaction is conceptualized as depreciation with body weight and physical appearance. It seems to be one of the factors predisposing to inappropriate eating behaviors. Sports scope has peculiarities that seem to accentuate the body and feeding concerns among athletes. Furthermore, it is believed that the maturational process can influence the body dissatisfaction and eating behavior of adolescent athletes. However, currently no identified study was that has associated behavioral and affective variables with organic maturation in athletes. On the assumption, the goal of the study was to analyze the association of maturational process on body dissatisfaction and inadequate eating behavior in young athletes. This dissertation is structured in six articles: the first, "Biological maturation, body image and eating disorders in adolescent athletes in Brazil", relates the literature review conducted with the three main themes of the dissertation. In the second, "Prevalence of body dissatisfaction and eating risk behavior for eating disorders in young athletes", it is described the prevalence of inadequate eating behavior and body dissatisfaction in young athletes. It were identified differences in prevalence of such variables among the sports (p<0.05). The third article "Comparison of body dissatisfaction and inappropriate eating behavior in young athletes from different sports", checks the sport which presents the greatest risk for eating disorders in teenage athletes. It were showed differences in scores of Body Shape Questionnaire among sports only in males (p<0.05). The fourth work "Anthropometric indicators of body dissatisfaction and inappropriate eating behaviors in young athletes", scrutinizes the anthropometric feature which best points to body dissatisfaction and that best predicts the inappropriate feeding behavior in adolescent athletes. It was showed that the percentage of body fat was the only variable that influenced body dissatisfaction in both genders. Furthermore, only the classification "obese" of nutritional state demonstrated risks to disordered eating in males. In the fifth article, "Maturational process, body dissatisfaction and inappropriate feeding behavior in young athletes," which refers to modulation, variance and risk that the maturational process exerts in body dissatisfaction food and inappropriate feeding behavior in adolescent athletes, some interesting findings were found. The maturational process exerted little influence on the body dissatisfaction and inappropriate eating behavior in both sexes. Furthermore, the stages of biological maturation associated with 10 outcomes only in males. Finally, the sixth article "Influence of risk factors on eating behavior in young athletes," discusses the variance that risk factors exert over inadequate eating behavior in young athletes. It was showed that dissatisfaction and body fat percentage influenced the inappropriate eating behavior in both genders. However, the degree of psychological commitment to the exercise, age, ethnicity and competitive level also explained the variance of inappropriate eating habits in males. It was concluded that the maturational process was associated with the outcomes only in males. It is estimated that the athletic environment present other factors as the type of sport, uniform and extrinsic pressures that might better explain affections and behaviors in young Brazilian athletes.
Koritar, Priscila. „Atitudes em relação à saúde e sabor dos alimentos e imagem corporal entre mulheres“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6138/tde-27082014-093031/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFood choice process receives multiple influences, could be highlighted the concern for health, the pleasure obtained through food and the body dissatisfaction as important determinants of food consumption, and may also act as precipitating factor and maintainers of eating disorders (ED). Objective - To assess how attitudes towards taste versus health differ between young women with eating disorders and young women from non-clinical population, and the relationship between these attitudes with their body image. Methods - 216 college students women and 30 women under treatment for ED (18-40 years; 83 per cent had a diagnosis of bulimia nervosa; 17 per cent had a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa) completed the Health and Taste Attitudes Scale (HTAS) and the Figure Rating Scales for Brazilian Adults. College students participated in the crosscultural adaptation of the Taste Scale of HTAS and answered Eating Attitudes Test - for assessing the risk for ED. The Taste Scale was assessed in terms of their internal consistency, test-retest reliability, concurrent and discriminant validity, and confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory. The scores of HTAS for students with and without risk for ED and, patients with ED and without risk for ED were compared using by means a covariance analysis. The influence of body satisfaction scores in HTAS was assessed by Pearson coefficient correlation. Results - The Taste Scale was considered adequate and easily understood, showed good internal consistency and reliability (Cronbachs alpha 0.86, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient 0.84). The risk behavior for ED was identified in 25.0 per cent of the college students, who were not 10 compared with patients. Students had a higher score on the Taste Scale when compared to the patients (p<0.009). College students with ED risk had higher score on Health Scale compared with those without ED risk (p=0.022). Patients had higher levels of body dissatisfaction (p<0.001) and worse body perception (p=0.015) than students. In both groups, there was no correlation between body dissatisfaction and perceived attitudes more focused health or taste. Conclusion - Women of non-clinical population had attitudes more focused on taste and pleasure while those with ED showed attitudes more geared towards health, regardless of the degree of dissatisfaction and body perception.
Araújo, Ana Catarina da Silva. „Satisfação com a imagem corporal e a sua associação com o consumo alimentar e a ingestão nutricional em adultos jovens“. Bachelor's thesis, [s.n.], 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/7544.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIntrodução: A insatisfação com a imagem corporal parece ser cada vez mais comum, uma vez que a aparência física e o atingimento de determinados ideais de beleza têm assumido um papel de destaque na sociedade moderna. Esta insatisfação pode estar associada à adoção de diferentes hábitos alimentares. Na literatura, os estudos que exploram a associação entre a perceção da imagem corporal e os hábitos alimentares são escassos e focam-se em grupos específicos de indivíduos, tais como estudantes universitários, mulheres e adolescentes. Assim, o principal objetivo do presente estudo consistiu em avaliar a associação entre a satisfação com a imagem corporal e o consumo alimentar e a ingestão nutricional em jovens adultos portugueses de ambos os sexos. Métodos: Participaram neste estudo 111 jovens adultos, dos 18 aos 35 anos, selecionados com base num método de amostragem por conveniência. A informação foi recolhida por auto-declaração, com base em questionários estruturados. A perceção da imagem corporal foi avaliada através da Escala de Silhuetas de Stunkard et al. e categorizada em satisfação, insatisfação por défice (diferença negativa entre a imagem corporal real e a desejada) e insatisfação por excesso (diferença positiva entre a imagem corporal real e a desejada), representando, respetivamente, o desejo de aumentar e diminuir o tamanho corporal. O consumo alimentar foi avaliado através de um Questionário de Frequência Alimentar previamente validado. As associações foram avaliadas por regressão linear (coeficientes β̂ e respetivos intervalos de confiança a 95% - IC95%), após ajuste para a idade, escolaridade e exercício físico dos participantes e após estratificação por sexo. Resultados: As mulheres mostraram-se mais insatisfeitas com a sua imagem corporal do que os homens (66,7% vs. 58,3%, p=0,392). Enquanto a insatisfação por excesso foi mais prevalente nas mulheres (57,3% vs. 30,6%, p=0,009), a insatisfação por défice foi mais reportada pelos homens (27,8% vs. 9,3%, p=0,009). Os homens insatisfeitos por défice (desejo de aumentar o tamanho corporal) apresentaram consumos mais elevados de pescado (β̂=181,0, IC95%: 38,3; 323,6), ovos (β̂=23,1, IC95%: 2,9; 43,2), fruta (β̂=191,3, IC95%: 90,0; 292,5) e hortícolas (β̂=221,6, IC95%: 99,7; 343,4), o que se traduziu em ingestões significativamente superiores de energia, macronutrientes, fibra alimentar, vitamina B12, vitamina C, cálcio, magnésio, potássio e sódio, quando comparados com os satisfeitos com a sua imagem corporal. Nas mulheres, não se encontraram diferenças significativas no consumo alimentar e na ingestão energética e nutricional entre as diferentes classes de (in)satisfação com a imagem corporal. Conclusão: A maioria dos participantes (adultos jovens) encontra-se insatisfeito com a sua imagem corporal, sendo que quase 30% dos homens manifestou o desejo de aumentar o seu tamanho corporal e, por conseguinte, consumos alimentares e nutricionais que se coadunam com este desejo. Futuramente, estudos longitudinais com tamanhos amostrais mais robustos e em amostras representativas de segmentos da população devem ser realizados de modo a clarificar melhor a direção e magnitude destas associações.
Introduction: Body image dissatisfaction seems to be increasingly more common, as physical appearance and the attainment of certain ideals of beauty have assumed a prominent role in modern society. This dissatisfaction could be associated with different eating habits. Studies that explore the association between body image perception and eating habits are scarce and focused in specific groups, such as students, women and adolescents. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the association between body image satisfaction and food and nutritional intake in Portuguese young adults, from both sexes. Methods: A total of 111 young adults, aged 18 to 35 years, were selected through convenience sampling. Data was self-reported based on structured questionnaires. Body image perception was assessed using the Figure Rating Scale developed by Stunkard et al. and categorized into satisfaction, dissatisfaction by deficit (negative difference between actual and desired body image) and dissatisfaction by excess (positive difference between actual and desired body image), representing, respectively, the desire to increase and decrease body size. Dietary intake was estimated by a Food Frequency Questionnaire, previously validated. Associations were assessed through linear regression (β̂ coefficients and the respective 95% confidence intervals – 95%CI), after adjustment for age, education and physical exercise of participants, and sex stratification. Results: Women were more dissatisfied with their body image than men (66.7% vs. 58.3%, p=0.392). While women were more dissatisfaction by excess (57.3% vs. 30.6%, p=0.009), men were more dissatisfied by deficit (27.8% vs. 9.3%, p=0,009). Men dissatisfied by deficit (desire of increasing body size) showed higher consumption of fish and seafood (β̂=181.0, 95%CI: 38.3; 323.6), eggs (β̂=23.1, 95%CI: 2.9; 43.2), fruit (β̂=191.3, 95%CI: 90.0; 292.5) and vegetables (β̂=221.6, 95%CI: 99.7; 343.4), which led to significantly higher intakes of energy, macronutrients, dietary fiber, vitamin B12, vitamin C, calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium, when compared to men satisfied with their body image. In women, there were no significant differences in dietary intake between the different categories of body image (dis)satisfaction. Conclusion: The majority of participants (young adults) are dissatisfied with their body image, with almost 30% of men expressing a desire to increase their body size, and consequently, food and nutritional intakes that are in line with this desire. In the future, longitudinal studies with bigger sample sizes, representative of target population groups, should be conducted in order to better clarify the direction and magnitude of these associations.
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Mouraria, Claudia Grisi. „Um corpo: a queixa muda da anoréxica“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59137/tde-26032007-163718/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBasing theoretical perspectives of analysis on the discourse of the Lacanian and the French line of psychoanalysis, the body signifier of an anorexic patient was investigated. Remembering that the primordial character of the signifier exerts an influence on the subject, we attempted to understand the anorexic individual through an investigation of body signifiers. The analyzed material was formed from a semi-structured interview of a patient diagnosed as anorexic, who was being treated in the Teaching Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto. According to theoretical references, data analysis was qualitative and followed the indicated paradigm. Analysis of the interview allowed us to observe that the body signifier was linked to the ?weight? and ?feeding? signifiers in a single chain, as ?the only thing that I can control in my life?. The body signifier constituted, for the individual, the way the patient found to identify her alterity. Thus, this signifier chain established the order of the identity and alterity, by the support of (lack of)control. In conclusion, the silent complaint of anorexia, confirmed by the behavior of refusing to eat, is directed at the ?Big Other? in an attempt to attain alterity.
Jeanroy-Beretta, Sylviane. „Essai pour une psychopathologie et une clinique de quelques cas d'obésité“. Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC256.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the field of massive obesity the body is the hostage and the dictator, the subject beingsimultaneously the victim and the assailant. The stigmatizing look of the other implies anunspeakable psychic pain for those whose body is different from the one expected to be conform to the present norms. The obese subject in a singular corporal presentification is torn between the principle of pleasure which gives him an urge-driven satisfaction and the principle of reality which organizes the impassable guilt. This culpability is strengthened by a narcissistic infringement and increased the other's look. This guilt also implies the hate of the image and furthers the silence of affects. What does it mean to produce more of body which manifests as more weight? Which disjunction goes through the subjects, between their will and their capacities, between what they consciously know and what they unconsciously desire? The study of the ambivalent relationships between medicine/culture/norm/orality helps us to foresee hypotheses which are different from those of the eating disorders 'classic theories. Through a clinical work, one can consider the hypothesis of a psychic state between loss and melancholy. Starting from the practice of interviews the obese subjects has an to start a motion from the look to the speech in order to free him from his mixed up state between shame and rejection, and to give him back dignity
Zafra, Aparici Eva. „Aprender a comer: Procesos de socialización y “Trastornos del Comportamiento Alimentario”“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/53633.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle“Learning to eat: socialization processes and Eating Disorders” The objective of this study is to know the sociocultural factors that, in the socialization process, influence in eating behaviors of children from 6 to 16 years in Catalonia, as well as to analyze the relation between these learning processes and specific eating problems presented in our society as they are the denominated Eating Disorders (ED). The study obtains interesting results. For exemple, it visualizes the intrinsic link between nutrition and sociocultural dimension of feeding. Ways to eat not only respond to health reasons, but they have to do with all issues that make eating or not eating make sense in our present context: the pleasure, aesthetics, economy, self image, affectivity, autonomy, identity, etc. Therefore the study advocates to feeding education that focuses health and prevention from a holistic perspective that allows to define and to act on the current and complex links between body, feeding and health; that relates the inherent biological and sociocultural aspects of “feeding fact”; and that considers the differences and similarities of different eating options that exist in each concrete socioalimentary context. The study also shows that the starting point of ED is “the body”, understood from a phenomenological perspective. On one hand it demonstrates the relationship between food as a way of expression and social control, on the other hand, the body as an unequal way of social and personal evaluation, and it finally shows that food can be used as a replay, claim and a way of liberation. Finally, the study compares feeding socialization processes between people diagnosed with eating disorders and people not diagnosed with eating disorder. This raises the Eating Disorders as “ESTARes alimentarios” because this kind of eating behaviors make sense in the continuum related to sociocultural logic that explains the ways of “ESTAR” (being) and eat in our current context and involve a two-way dialogue between the suffering (“malESTAR”) and pleasure (“bienESTAR”) corporal that is expressed through food.
Foucart, Jennifer. „Contribution à l'étude des déterminants psychologiques et psychopathologiques de l'obésité sévère chez l'adolescent et plus particulièrement des troubles de l'image du corps chez l'adolescent“. Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210283.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOr, la présence des déterminants sociaux,énergétiques, génétiques ne suffisent pas toujours pour expliquer son développement et principalement quand il s’agit d’obésité sévère. Dans le cadre de l'obésité sévère, il y a lieu de dépasser les théories centrées sur la compréhension de l’agir alimentaire pour envisager les théories qui considèrent l’implication de l’ensemble du corps dans le développement de l’obésité et ce principalement lorsqu’on s’intéresse à l’adolescent.
Les objectifs de cette étude visent, face à ces éléments, à établir, dans un premier temps, un profil démographique, médical, familial, psychologique et psychopathologique d’une population d’adolescents souffrant d'obésité sévère. Ces informations ont été recueillies à l’aide de questionnaires structurés et par observation de 164 adolescents satisfaisant aux critères de l’obésité sévère. Un diagnostic pédopsychatrique selon la CFTMEA R 2000 a été posé pour chaque sujet. Nos résultats ont souligné le déterminisme multiple de l’obésité de nos sujets mais également l’importance des comorbidités bio-psycho-sociales.
Dans un second temps, à l’aide d’une analyse factorielle, nous avons mis en évidence qu’une plus grande sévérité de l’obésité s’associait à des facteurs d’environnement défavorisant(troubles mentaux dans la famille, carences, maltraitance) et à la présence d'un profil psychopathologique. De plus, ces mêmes modalités étaient associées avec une compliance familiale et individuelle moins importante.
Dans une dernière partie, nous nous sommes centrés sur les liens qui unissaient ces différents éléments. Pour ce faire, nous avons aux travers d’analyse de cas et à l'aide d'un Rorschach, du Questionnaire de l'Image du Corps de Bruschon-Schweitzer, et d'un dessin de soi, évalué la présence de troubles de l’image du corps chez 10 de nos sujets et leur évolution durant la prise en charge en lien avec la perte de poids. Nos résultats ont mis en évidence la présence de troubles de l’image du corps avec une image de soi incertaine, indifférenciée aux limites diffuses.
L’obésité s’inscrirait en tant que garant concret face à une image du corps peu unifiée. Ceci nous permet de considérer que l’obésité s’installe au travers à la fois d’un corps peu investi, peu mobilisable imposant la nécessaire édification de barrière (l’obésité) entre le « dedans fragilisé » et le dehors vécu comme dangereux. Nous pouvons dès lors considérer la difficulté des sujets de se résoudre à une perte de poids qui ne permettrait plus au sujet de recourir à ce type de fonctionnement.
De ce fait, nous avons conclu qu'il s'agit dans la prise en charge de ces sujets de reconsidérer l’image du corps comme outil thérapeutique vecteur d’amélioration à court et à long terme.
Doctorat en Sciences Psychologiques et de l'éducation
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Malfará, Carolina Tomain. „Imagem corporal, comportamentos alimentares e autoconceito de pré-adolescentes com sobrepeso, obesos e não obesos“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22131/tde-26062007-135106/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study aimed to assess the body image, eating behaviors and self-concept of overweight, obese and non-obese preadolescents. We carried out a group comparison study with a convenience sample. Two groups participated: overweight, obese and nonobese, which included, respectively, 54 overweight and obese and 50 non-obese preadolescents from public schools in Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil. The overweight and obese group consisted of 29 girls and 25 boys, and the non-obese group of 28 girls and 22 boys, who were assessed through two instruments: EBBIT Preadolescent Eating Behaviors and Body Image Test and the Piers-Harris Children\'s Self-Concept Scale What I feel and think about myself. Weight and height were measured to obtain the Body Mass Index (BMI) for their age and gender. Data were analyzed through descriptive and comparative results, using Mann-Whitneys non-parametric statistical test for intergroup and gender comparison (p<=0,05). Results showed that obese preadolescents are more dissatisfied about their bodies and present more signs of eating restrictions than non-obese preadolescents. Nevertheless, when comparing non-obese boys with girls, we found greater dissatisfaction among girls than boys. None of the groups presented significant eating behavior disorder rates. As to the assessment of their self-concept, in general, we found no difference between the overweight and obese and the non-obese group, showing that, although their weight exceeds expected levels, they assess their physical characteristics and personal attributes positively. Total self-concept scores, intellectual academic status and behavior differed between non-obese girls and boys, indicating that they presented a self-concept, an academic intellectual status and a behavior inferior to that of non-obese boys.. With respect to popularity, physical appearance and personal attributes subscales assessed on the Self-Concept Scale -, no differences were confirmed either. We found differences for happiness and satisfaction assessment, in which obese girls showed to be less happy and satisfied than obese boys and non-obese girls. What anxiety is concerned, obese boys showed to be more anxious than non-obese boys and less anxious than obese girls. Non-obese boys behaviors were assessed better than that of obese boys. Therefore, this study showed that obese preadolescents are more dissatisfied with their body images and tend to present more food restriction behaviors in comparison with non-obese pre-adolescents. On the other hand, part of the obtained results minimized the conception that obese preadolescents have behavioral problems, low self-esteem, low school results and social competence.
Mota, Diana Cândida Lacerda. „Comportamento alimentar, ansiedade, depressão e imagem corporal em mulheres submetidas à cirurgia bariátrica“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59134/tde-11062012-165343/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAccording to World Health Organization (WHO), obesity has now become an epidemic disease that spreads worldwide becoming the focus of numerous studies addressing to its prevention and treatment, such as diet, medications and physical activity. On morbidly obese people, the Bariatric Surgery (BS) has been considered the most effective therapy in reducing their weight. However, subjects who underwent this procedure may present complicated psychological and eating behavior, jeopardizing the sucess of treatment, thus justifying the relevance of investigation. This study evaluated the eating behavior, symptoms of anxiety and depression and body image in 50 obese women selected from a waiting list on bariatric surgery performed in the service of obesity surgery of Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - SP (HC/FMRP/USP). The survey was conducted in two phases: before the surgery and four months after it, applying: The Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Figure Rating Scale (FRS) was applied after the surgery. Anthropometric was performed according to the parameters of the World Health Organization (1995) to obtain the Body Mass Index (BMI). We used descriptive statistics, test t Student for dependent samples and two way ANOVA (p <0.05). Mean BMI before and after surgery were respectively 49.08 kg/m2 (± 6.60) and 37.08 Kg/m2 (±4.83), with a significant weight loss [t(49)= 28.15, p<0,01]. Data from QHCA showed a variation in mean scores when comparing the pre and post-operative period of restricted feeding subscales [t(49)= -5.87, p<0,01], emotional [t(49)=3.33, p<0,01] and external [t(49)= 4.02, p<0,01]. The mean BAI scores before and after the surgery were respectively 11.76 (±8.51) and 7.32 (±7.33) [t(49)= 3.38, p<0,01]. The mean score of BDI before and after surgery were respectively 14.0 (±7.29) e 7.36 (±5.94) [t(49)= 5.47, p<0,001]. The data showed that EFS of the subjects showed dissatisfaction with their own image - 10.30 kg/m2 (±5.66); women with morbid obesity had higher body underestimation compared to those from other categories of nutritional status. Despite the decrease in BMI, the subjects were dissatisfied with their body shape and would like to weigh less. There was a reduction in levels of symptoms of anxiety and depression after surgery. In relation to feeding behavior, it seems to be a lack of knowledge about nutritional habits. However, there was an improvement in the control of food on the attractive aroma and flavor of food associated with emotional state and social situations after surgery.
Paula, Adriana Inês de [UNESP]. „Percepção de dimensões corporais de adolescentes do sexo feminino: aspectos psicofísicos e comportamentais“. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100440.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA imagem corporal refere-se a experiências humanas incorporadas ao longo da vida sobre seu próprio corpo. É um construto multifacetado que une a percepção e as atitudes das pessoas, especialmente as preocupações e atitudes relacionadas à aparência física (Cash, Maikkula & Yamamiya, 2004). Quando distorcida, a representação da imagem corporal pode levar o indivíduo a riscos, tais como transtornos alimentares e depressão (Smolak, 2002), que estão entre os principais e mais sérios problemas clínicos encontrados em meninas adolescentes e mulheres jovens na atualidade (Shroff & Thompson, 2006). O objetivo geral deste estudo foi avaliar aspectos comportamentais e perceptivos da imagem corporal de meninas adolescentes com distúrbio de imagem corporal (GCD) e sem distúrbio de imagem corporal (GSD). Especificamente identificar se parâmetros comportamentais (i.e., nível de satisfação com o próprio corpo) são distintos entre os grupos; verificar em tarefa com silhuetas e em tarefa com imagens do próprio corpo a consistência dos sub-componentes afetivo, cognitivo e perceptivo de ambos os grupos; avaliar se parâmetros perceptivos (i.e., expoente da função psicofísica de potência e magnitude do erro no julgamento de dimensões do próprio corpo) diferem entre os grupos; verificar se parâmetros perceptivos são diferentes entre tarefas que incluem imagens da própria pessoa, de pessoa desconhecida e de estímulo neutro (i.e., projeção frontal de um cubo) e se estas possíveis diferenças ocorrem para ambos os grupos; se fatores como distúrbio de imagem, transtorno alimentar e IMC predizem o nível de insatisfação do próprio corpo e se predizem a magnitude do erro no julgamento de dimensões do próprio corpo. Para tanto, 43 participantes do GSD e 10 participantes do GCD responderam a testes e inventários (BSQ, EAT, escala de silhuetas e escala da imagem própria)...
Body image is a multi-dimensional construct that combines perceptions and attitudes about the body, particularly those that relate to physical appearance (Cash, Maikkula & Yamamiya, 2004). When body image perception is disturbed—most common amongst teenage girls (Shroff & Thompson, 2006), serious health risks may result, which include eating disorders and depression (Smolak, 2002). The purpose of this study was to assess the behavioral and perceptual aspects of body image in adolescent females with and without body image distortion, (BID) and (NBI). Specifically, it was to identify whether or not behavioral parameters are distinct between groups. The study attempted to verify, in both groups, levels of consistency in sub-components: affective, cognitive and perceptual, using tasks that portrayed the individual’s own body as well as a stranger’s body. Also assessed was whether or not perceptual parameters could it be determined, and whether or not perceptual parameters are different for tasks that include an individual’s own body image versus those tasks that include a stranger’s body image and a task with a neutral image. If differences existed between groups, the study attempted to assess whether or not body image disturbance, presence of eating disorder and BMI-body mass index (IMC) predicted levels of individual body dissatisfaction and magnitude of error when the individuals judged the dimensions of their own bodies. Forty-three participants comprised the NBI group, and ten participants comprised the BID group. In order to establish the behavioral components of body image, individuals in both groups were asked to complete questionnaires and inventories (BSQ, EAT, silhouette scale, SIL, and own body image scale, OBI). Also, psychophysical tasks were used to assess the perceptual components of body image. Results of the behavioral aspects related to body image showed that... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Silva, Wanderson Roberto da. „Contribuição da imagem corporal, comportamento alimentar e percepção de saúde para a qualidade de vida de estudantes universitários : estudo transnacional /“. Araraquara, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152823.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleResumo: Objetivo: Avaliar a contribuição da imagem corporal, do comportamento alimentar e da percepção de competência para a saúde na qualidade de vida de estudantes universitários brasileiros e portugueses. Métodos: Os participantes preencheram os instrumentos Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ; versão reduzida, somente mulheres), Male Body Dissatisfaction Scale (MBDS; versão reduzida, somente homens), Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-18), Perceived Health Competence Scale (PHCS), World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire-Short Form (WHOQoL-bref) e um questionário para caracterização da amostra. As propriedades psicométricas de cada instrumento foram estimadas para cada sexo por meio de análise fatorial confirmatória. Um modelo hipoteticamente causal para cada sexo foi testado utilizando a modelagem de equações estruturais. Os aspectos da imagem corporal (BSQ="Preocupação com a Forma Corporal"; ou MBDS="Musculatura" e "Aparência Geral do Corpo"), do comportamento alimentar (TFEQ-18="Restrição Cognitiva", "Alimentação Emocional", e "Descontrole Alimentar") e da percepção de competência para a saúde (PHCS="Expectativas de Alcançar os Resultados", e "Competências nos Comportamentos") foram inseridos diretamente na qualidade de vida (WHOQoL-bref). As variáveis "idade", "consumo de medicamentos para alterar o corpo", "consumo de suplementos para alterar o corpo" e "índice de massa corporal (IMC)" foram inseridas no BSQ e nos fatores da MBDS. As características demográfica... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Aim: To evaluate the contribution of body image, eating behavior and perceived health competence in quality of life of Brazilian and Portuguese university students. Methods: Participants completed the instruments Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ; reduced version, only women), Male Body Dissatisfaction Scale (MBDS; reduced version, only men), Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-18), Perceived Health Competence Scale (PHCS), World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire-Short Form (WHOQoL-bref) and a questionnaire for characterization of sample. The psychometric properties of each instrument were estimated for each sex using confirmatory factorial analysis. A causal hypothetically model for each sex was tested using structural equation modeling. The aspects of body image (BSQ = "Body Shape Concern"; or MBDS = "Musculature", and "General Body Appearance"), of eating behavior (TFEQ-18 = "Cognitive Restrain"; "Emotional Eating", "Uncontrolled Eating") and Perceived Health Competence (PHCS = "Expectations of achieving Outcomes", and "Competencies in Behaviors") were inserted directly into the quality of life (WHOQoL-bref). The variables "age", "use medication to body change", "use supplements to body change" and "body mass index (BMI)" were inserted in the BSQ and MBDS' factors. Demographic and academic characteristics were inserted directly in the quality of life. The models were evaluated by fit indices of measurement model and by the significance of the trajectories of the causal model adopting a level of significance of 5%. Results: A total of 2,198 university students (1,396 women) participated of the study. The psychometric properties of the instruments were adequate except for the PHCS that was necessary to refine. In both, female and male models, the higher the competence in health... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
Nishimura, Leo Massahiro Moreira. „Fatores associados ao risco para transtornos alimentares em corredores de média e longa distância“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/89/89131/tde-03022017-164927/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIntroduction: Change in the perception of body image (BI) is related to the search for the ideal body, a pattern that is the result of a historical construction influenced by sociocultural environment and personal factors. These factors, linked to demands of competitive sports (such as performance, weight and body mass adequacy), to stress, to inevitable anxiety, and also to the fact that sports atmosphere can be an amplifying way to sociocultural pressure motivated by the ideal of a thin body, contribute to the vulnerability and BI distortion of athletes and may build, consequently, an eating disorder (ED) risk group. Eating disorders are considered mental and behavioral disorders and are also directly influenced by family. A family way of functioning may determine a person\'s emotional and physical health and also her/his well-being. Objectives: the investigation of associated risk factors to eating disorders in average and long distance adolescents and adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study with adolescent runners from Kiatleta do São Paulo Futebol clube project and adult runners that train in the Campus of São Paulo University. This study applied instruments in a logical sequence: a socioeconomic and demographic questionnaire, Family Apgar, Eating Attitudes Test EAT-26, the Stunkard Silhouettes Scale and data from anthropometric measures to assess nutritional status. The results were analyzed in a descriptive, comparative and statistical way in order to see variables related to genre, social, economic and demographic profile of athletes and its families, family functioning quality and relation of the distortion in BI to predisposition of eating disorder development. Results: The variables indicated higher incidence of ED and body dissatisfaction in adult females and a significant group for ED and body dissatisfaction in adolescent male runners. Body dissatisfaction and dysfunctional family are associated to eating disorder risk. Conclusion: The prevention of eating disorders on average and long distance runners must consider the athlete as a whole, as a person that needs not only sport training, but also a healthy family support and a safe guidance for eating.
Mota, Diana Cândida Lacerda. „Imagem corporal, atitudes alimentares e estado nutricional de mulheres submetidas à cirurgia plástica estética“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59134/tde-02032017-141710/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe desire in achieving the currently established sociocultural patterns of beauty, especially among females, seems to contribute to a significant growth in pursuing and performing aesthetic plastic surgeries (APS) in Brazil. Women submitted to such surgical procedures can be less precise in estimating their own body size, they are more unpleased with their physical appearance and can more widely present risk attitudes for the development of eating disorders when compared to those who do not seek surgery. These factors associated with an inadequate nutritional status (NS) are considered a risk to health, especially during perioperative periods of APS. Given the importance of evaluating body image, eating attitudes and nutritional status in solicitants of APS, as well as the lack of national studies on the subject, the present study aims at investigating these variables in 60 women (experiment group G1), before and approximately six months after going through the following aesthetic surgical procedures: augmented mastopexy, liposuction and abdominoplasty, in two services of plastic surgery in Ribeirão Preto/SP. The variables have also been investigated in 60 women who did not seek APS (non-equivalent comparison group G2), so as to be compared to those who sought APS during the pre-operative period. The following items have been used in this study: Sociodemographic Data and Clinical Features Questionnaire; Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria (BECC); Figure Rating Scale (FRS) for female adults; Body Dysmorphic Disorder Examination (BDDE) and the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26). In order to classify the NS it had been collected data on weight and body stature to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI) and body composition (body fat percentage - % of CG), considering the latter evaluation being carried out only with the G1, which have been analyzed through statistical tests appropriate to sample distribution (p<0,05) and through descriptive statistics. The average age of participants were 37,98 (±10,93) for the G1 and 37,93 years (±11,83) for the G2 (p=0,81). Most evaluated women from both groups have been classified as eutrophic (p=0,20), although a great number were overweight; moreover, the G1 presented increased percentage of CG; it has not been verified intervention effect for G1 through BMI evaluation (p=0,89) and % of CG for the G1. FRS showed that most of the evaluated women super estimated and were unpleased with their body size, besides most of them wished to have a narrower silhouette in both groups (p>0,05); after surgery, women from the G1 presented more chances of being accurate and pleased with their own body size concerning the pre-operative period (p<0,05). BDDE pointed out that those interviewed women from the G2 were more pleased with their physical appearance when compared to the G1 (p=0,04); yet after APS it have been observed that the G1 had more chances of being pleased with their appearance in relation to the period before the surgery (p<0,01). EAT-26 pointed out that most women from both groups have not presented risk attitudes for the development of eating disorders, although a considerate number of participants on the G1 (n=20) have presented risk, among those 100% were unpleased with their body size; there have not been evidences of intervention in regard to ED in the pre and post-operative periods (p=0,85). There have not been found associations between the obtained classifications through the instruments (FRS; BDDE and EAT-26) and other economic and sociodemographic variables analyzed (p>0,05); it has also been verified that the obtained classifications were due regardless the number of surgeries performed. The prevalence of dissatisfaction with the body and inadequate nutritional status, as well as the considerate proportion of risk eating attitude observed in the present study emphasize the need of more discerning evaluation and selection of these patients before being submitted to APS. Such care makes it more viable the adoption of effective early prevention and intervention measures regarding patient´s physical and mental health, guaranteeing more satisfactory surgical results, besides favoring a decrease in the health system expenses while avoiding possible emotional and judicial wear out for those involved.
Leal, Greisse Viero da Silva. „Fatores associados ao comportamento de risco para transtornos alimentares em adolescentes na cidade de São Paulo“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6138/tde-08042013-094507/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIntroduction: Eating disorders (ED), ED risk behaviors and unhealthy weight-control behaviors (UWCB) are public health problems among adolescents because of their high prevalence and serious consequences to health. The understanding of the eating disorder risk behaviors and UWCB associated factors can help planning preventive and educational actions. Purpose: To identify the prevalence of ED risk behavior and unhealthy weight-control behaviors among Brazilian adolescents. Methods: A crosssectional study was conducted with 1167 adolescents, both genders, aged 1319 years from 12 public schools in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. ED risk behavior was assessed using a simplified self-report questionnaire, UWCB by a yes/not question about specific behaviors that were not typically recommended for weight management and nutritional status by Body Mass Index (BMI). Peers, parents and media influence, body perception, body image and dieting were assessed by specific questions from the QAAA questionnaire (Questionário sobre Attitudes Alimentares de Adolescentes). The X² test was used to evaluate the univariate associations and a multivariate logistic regression model was used to examine the factors influencing ED risk behavior and UWCB. Results: ED risk behavior was identified among 12.2 per cent of adolescents, mainly among females (72,5 per cent, p<0,001), and UWCB was prevalent in 31.9 per cent, being 66,8 per cent females (p<0,001). Dieting was predictive to ED risk behavior and UWCB for both genders. Media influence and mothers that encourage dieting were predictive to UWCB among boys. Body satisfaction was a protective factor for ED risk behavior and UWCB and magazine reading was predictive to UWCB among girls. Conclusions: It was found an elevated prevalence of UWCB and a moderate prevalence of ED risk behavior. The UWCB were almost three times more prevalent and was found that these practices increase the chance to develop severe behaviors
Oliveira, Letíca Langlois. „Jovens com comportamentos de risco para o desenvolvimento de transtornos alimentares : variáveis culturais e psicológicas“. reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/17485.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe present thesis aimed to investigate risk behaviors for the development of eating disorders in adolescents with an emphasis on psychological and cultural aspects. Two studies were conducted with 593 participants who were students in high schools and in universities in Porto Alegre and in other cities of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Study I had as an objective to relate these risk behaviors with regional, socio-economic and racial variables. The data were analysed with Mann-Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis tests. The results showed that 17% of the participants (15% male, 19% female) presented positivity (high scores) in the Eating Atitudes Test (EAT-26) which means that they presented risk behaviors for the development of eating disorders. The results also showed that there were less risk behaviors in the state capital as compared with other cities in the state. Also, white participants presented less risk behaviors than other participants. No significant differences were found for social class. Study II assessed satisfaction with body image, self esteem, subjective well being, and alexithimia in adolescents who presented risk behaviors for anorexia and bulimia. Spearman’s ρ (rho) test was used to obtain correlations between the EAT-26 scores and the other variables of the study. Linear multiple regressions and nonlinear regressions were calculated to determine how much of Eat-26 variance was explained by the other variables. The results showed that participants with risk behaviors for eating disorders also presented insatisfaction with their body image. Females also presented low self esteem, low satisfaction with life, high scores for negative affects and for alexithimia. Also, it was observed that risk behaviors were higher among participants with less years of study. Low satisfaction with body image and dieting were the factors that explained more the positivity in the EAT-26. This finding presents a problem as research has been showing generalized body insatisfaction.
Caram, Ana Lucia Alves. „Hábitos alimentar, intestinal, estado nutricional, atividade física, imagem corporal e subsídios para um programa de educação nutricional“. [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/309090.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Mèdicas
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Resumo: Descrever os hábitos alimentar e intestinal, estado nutricional, atividade física e imagem corporal de adolescentes e verificar o efeito de um programa de educação nutricional. Método: Estudo descritivo, prospectivo com intervenção, numa escola pública, no município de Campina, SP, no período compreendido entre outubro de 2007 e novembro de 2008. As variáveis estudadas foram: hábito alimentar (por meio do uso de um questionário de frequência de consumo de alimentos, tipos de refeições e locais da alimentação); estado nutricional (segundo o índice de massa corporal por idade); imagem corporal (com pergunta objetiva da impressão quanto ao peso relatado pelo adolescente); hábito intestinal (baseado no critério de Roma III, por meio da frequência da evacuação, sintomas da evacuação, constipação intestinal e consistência das fezes); atividade física (por meio do International physical activity questionary, IPAQ); programa de educação nutricional (com orientação nutricional individual e em grupo). Resultados: Participaram do estudo 126 adolescentes, na faixa etária de 12,5 a 18,8 anos (média de 15 +1,5 anos), 64 (50,8%) meninas e 62 (49,2%) meninos, com predomínio da classe social C 26/54 (48,8%), seguido pela B 23/54 (42,6%) e D 3/54 (5,6%). Os seguintes alimentos configuraram hábito alimentar desse grupo: arroz em 120 adolescentes (95,2%), pão francês em 76 (60,3%), feijão em 104 (82,5%), frutas em 76 (60,3%), doces e balas em 73 (57,9%), achocolatados em 67 (53,2%), leite integral em 73 (57,9%), suco em 77 (61,1%) e refrigerante em 64 (50,8%). As carnes foram definidas como hábito em fontes variadas (frango, peixe, carne bovina, suína, salsicha ou ovo) em 62,7% adolescentes. A maioria deles fazia três refeições (desjejum, almoço e jantar) ao dia 73/126 (57,9%), o local dominante da refeição foi à própria casa em 117 adolescentes (92,5%). Doze (9,5%) apresentaram constipação intestinal. Noventa e quatro (74,6%) eram eutróficos, 29 (23%) obesos ou sobrepeso e 3 (2,3%) desnutridos. Nove (7,1%) eram sedentários. A impressão de peso relatada pelos adolescentes foram: adequadas em 73/126 (57,9%), 39 (31%) elevadas e 14 (11%) baixas. O estado nutricional e a imagem corporal não apresentaram concordância, segundo o teste estatístico de Kappa, necessitando assim uma intervenção multiprofissional. O programa de educação nutricional em grupo apresentou aumento significativo do conhecimento sobre nutrição dos adolescentes. Conclusão: A maioria dos adolescentes era eutrófica, com hábitos saudáveis (alimentar, intestinal e atividade física), porém com distorção da imagem corporal. O programa de nutrição contribuiu para o aumento do conhecimento de nutrição e envolvimento multi e interdisciplinar
Abstract: To describe eating and bowel habits, nutritional status, physical activity and body image in adolescents and to investigate the effect of a nutritional education program. Method: A descriptive, prospective and intervention study conducted in a public school, from October, 2007 to November, 2008. The variables studied were: eating habits (through a questionnaire of frequency of food consumption, types of meals and place for eating); nutritional status (according to body mass index for age); body image (using objective questions on selfimpression of the adolescents' weight); bowel habit (based on ROME III criteria, using the frequency of evacuation, symptoms related to bowel movements and stool consistency); physical activity (using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, IPAQ); and a nutritional education program divided in individual and group nutritional orientation. Results: One hundred twenty six adolescents were included, aged 12.5 to 18.8 years (average age 15 ±1.5 years), 64 (50.8%) girls and 62 (49.2%) boys, from C social class: 26/54 (48.8%), B 23/54 (42.6%) and D 3 / 54 (5.6%). Referred food intake was the following: rice in 120 adolescents (95.2%), bread rolls in 76 (60.3%), beans in 104 (82.5%), fruits in 76 (60.3%), sweets and candies in 73 (57.9%), chocolate powder in 67 (53.2%), whole milk in 73 (57.9%), juice 77 (61.1%) and soft drinks in 64 (50, 8%). The meat was defined as usual on various sources (chicken, fish, beef, pork, sausage or egg) in 62.7% adolescents. Most adolescents had three meals (breakfast, lunch and dinner) a day 73/126 (57.9%) the main place for eating was home in 117 adolescents (92.5%). Twelve (9.5%) were constipated. Ninety-four (74.6%) had adequate nutritional status, 29 (23%) were obese or overweight and 3 (2.3%) malnourished. Nine students (7.1%) were classified as sedentary. Most students reported their weight as appropriated 73/126 (57.9%), 39 (31%) overweight and 14 (11%) underweight. According to the Kappa survey, the nutritional status was not correlated to body image. The educational program in group promoted significant increase in students' knowledge on nutrition. Conclusion: most adolescents presented adequate nutritional status, healthy habits (good diet habits, normal bowel habits and physical activity), but a body image distortion. The nutrition program has contributed to the increase in nutrition knowledge and involvement and interdisciplinary
Doutorado
Saude da Criança e do Adolescente
Doutor em Saude da Criança e do Adolescente
Laus, Maria Fernanda. „Influência do padrão de beleza veiculado pela mídia na satisfação corporal e escolha alimentar de adultos“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59134/tde-26032013-100917/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleExposition to idealized images from the media increases body dissatisfaction, especially among women. However, the impact of the internalization of these cultural norms on eating behavior is still unknown. Moreover, there are no studies in Brazil exploring the influence of media on body satisfaction and food choices. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the ideal body conveyed by media on body satisfaction and food choices in college students. Participants (n=159) were divided in experimental (EG - exposed to nine pictures of each sex depicting the ideal body) and control groups (CG - exposed to nine pictures of neutral objects). Subjects were submitted to the Figure Rating Scale and to the Food Photographs Scale, before and after exposition to the pictures. Before the exposure mean (SD) satisfaction was (in kg/m2), to EG and CG respectively, -0.13 (5.19) and +0.13 (5.66) among men, and -2.13 (4.06) and -2.38 (4.35) among women. Additionally, 56.4% of men of the EG and 65% of the CG had their choices classified as healthy, while, among women, healthy choices were observed in 72.5% of the EG and 77.5% of the CG. After viewing the pictures, satisfaction decreased significantly among men (M=-0.77; SD=5.99; p<.05) and women (M=-2.88; SD=4.65; p<.05) of the EG, but not of the CG (p>.05). Interestingly, there was a significant increase on choices classified as healthy among participants of the EG (10.1%; p<.01), especially among women (12.5%; p<.05), which did not occur in the CG. So, it can be concluded that the exposition to idealized media images contributes to body dissatisfaction and improves food choice, suggesting an attempt to fit in this socially accepted ideal. Moreover, Brazilian students display preoccupations similar to others Western societies; indicating that media may play a significant role in body image and eating behavior.
Pirrello-Parnot, Laëtitia. „Etude de l'insatisfaction corporelle et du projet d'enfant chez les couples infertiles consultant en centre de procréation médicalement assistée“. Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENH029/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTo will a child without success to get it is a difficult step for couple who consult in Medically Assisted Procreation (MAP) center. This step can be comparable to crisis, or even bereavement, notably the natural fertility mourning. As we are a woman or a man, the personal experience can be different. Ambivalent feelings can come along the coverage of couple in MAP center. Couple can start attempt with lot of hope then, when they are not satisfied, go through negative one. Tensions can appear in the couple relationship, affecting communication and personal experience. Some studies were interested on personal experience of those who consult on MAP center, but French studies assessing child project through questionnaire are scarce. Studies of body dissatisfaction of these peoples are often unaccounted-for despite the involvement of infertility and associated treatment on identity and body dissatisfaction. This work aimed to study, in an exploratory way, child project and physical personal experience of couple consulting in MAP center, through comprehensive and validated tools. Subjects (N=102, M age=36 y.o.) have been chosen in 3 MAP centers (Hospital Jean Verdier at Bondy, Hospital Bèclère at Clamart and Hospital Pellegrin at Bordeaux) and were invited to fill out questionnaires. To complete questionnaires results, some couples have been observed during interview with the psychologist from the hospital. These results have been compared with those from the control group. Results suggest there is a different personal experience according to the gender but also between control group and clinical one. Notably, couples consulting in AMP center are more satisfied of their body appearance than the control group, which is in opposite of expected results. This exploratory study raised numerous questions and shows the interest to study physical personal experience and the child project of couple consulting in AMP center. It gives clinical and precautionary measure prospects as well as future research on infertile problems
Kakeshita, Idalina Shiraishi. „Estudo das relações entre o estado nutricional, a percepção da imagem corporal e o comportamento alimentar em adultos“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59134/tde-05032007-111354/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWith the nutritional transition from malnutrition to obesity, which is a feature of countries like Brazil, that are still going through a growth process, the focus of researches on the nutritional status are now turning to obesity. Studies on the nutritional area that relate the nutritional status with the human behavior are rare, especially when it comes to the subjective perception of one?s own body. The body image perception has been systematically associated with eating behavior distortions, such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and obesity. One of the questions that are raised is what would be the relation between one?s body image perception and this person?s attitudes and eating behavior, in subjects without a specific diagnosis for eating disorders. Would it be related to the nutritional status or to any specific characteristic of the nutritional behavior? The objective of this work is to answer these questions. To evaluate the nutritional status, the BMI (body mass index) was considered on the basis of the World Health Organization classification. The Contour Drawing Rating Scale and Likert-type Scale were especially made for the present study. The psychometric methods of application, the eating behavior scales and the body image perception scales have been validated. Results showed that men tend to underestimate their body size, independently from the BMI class to which they belong, while women with regular BMI or with overweight tend to overestimate their body size. Obese women tend to underestimate it, just like men. The results also suggest an apparent dissatisfaction of both men and women with their body sizes.
Maximiano, Janete. „Avaliação da imagem corporal e depressão em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca“. Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/679.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleO objectivo deste estudo é identificar quais são as dimensões da imagem corporal mais desvalorizados nos pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca (NYHA I, II, III). Acredita-se que a percepção negativa da imagem corporal poderá levar à desmotivação para participar num programa de reabilitação cardíaca, fazer exercício físico e gerir as actividades de vida diária ou outros factores promotores de qualidade de vida. Objectivos: - Avaliar a relação dos sintomas depressivos e percepção da imagem corporal; - Avaliar quais das dimensões da imagem corporal se encontram mais perturbadas era relação ao diagnóstico e sintomas depressivos. Métodos: A amostra foi recolhida no service de cardiologia do Hospital Fernando Fonseca e consiste num grupo de 22 pacientes (N=22). Foram aplicados os questionários Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ, Cash, T.) e Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) Resultados: Foram encontradas cotações baixas (em relação à media padrão) nas seguintes subescalas: Appearance Evaluation (< 3,49), Appearance Orientation (< 3,6), Fitness Evaluation {.< 3.72), Fitness Orientation (< 3,41), Health Evaluation (< 3,95), Health Orientation << 3,61) e Body Areas Satisfaction {< 3,5). No que diz respeito à subescala IIlness Orientation, verifica-se que mais do que a média da amostra, demonstra estar em alerta ou ser reactiva aos sintomas físicos da doença. Observou-se também que 9,1% dos pacientes não se encontra deprimido, 45,5% está ligeiramente deprimido, 36,4% está moderadamente deprimido e 9,1% está severamente deprimido. Conclusões: A maioria dos pacientes demonstra cotações baixas na maioria das dimensões avaliadas pelo MBSRQ. Os indivíduos do sexo masculino atribuem cotações mais positivas à aparência física do que as dos indivíduos do sexo feminino, mas não se encontram diferenças significativas nas respostas entre sexos. Quase metade da amostra está ligeiramente deprimida e as mulheres apresentam mais sintomas depressivos do que os homens. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas nas respostas entre indivíduos de classes NYHA diferentes. Foram encontradas as seguintes correlações significativas: Idade e Educação e Ocupação; Sexo e diagnóstico NYHA; Avaliação da Aparência e Estado Civil e Preocupação sobre o Peso; Orientação para a Aparência e Depressão; Avaliação da Condição Física e Orientação para a Doença; Satisfação pelas áreas corporais e Classificação do Peso; Orientação para a Doença e Ocupação; Depressão e Avaliação da Aparência.
Lebrun, Joannie, und Joannie Lebrun. „Corps, société et souffrances : regards subjectifs“. Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37610.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCe mémoire porte sur les problématiques liées à l’alimentation et à l’image corporelle. Bien que la littérature à l’intention de ces problématiques soit riche et diversifiée, il semble que peu de recherches se soient intéressées au regard subjectif de personne qui en ont souffert; quel sens accordent-elles à ces souffrances, comment celles-ci sont apparues, comment elles sont parvenues à un mieux-être à la suite de ces souffrances et comment elles décrivent ce mieux-être? Ainsi, cette recherche qualitative exploratoire accorde une importance à ces questionnements. Pour ce faire, dix femmes ayant souffert d’une problématique en lien avec l’image corporelle et l’alimentation ont participé à un entretien individuel semi-dirigé. En ce qui concerne l’apparition des premières souffrances liées à l’image corporelle et l’alimentation chez les participantes, l’analyse des résultats permit la révélation d’un thème central dans le discours des participantes : le malaise ressenti face à leur corps. Celui-ci est d’ailleurs à la source des premiers efforts pour perdre du poids chez les participantes. Ce faisant, la plupart d’entre elles expliquent que la dénonciation des structures sociales qui sont à la source d’une vision négative de leur corps, pourrait permettre des luttes collectives et des changements sociaux qui favoriseraient l’inclusion des différents types de corps; et par le fait même, la diminution des souffrances qui découlent de l’étroitesse des corps jugés acceptables.
Despite the increasing body of research on eating disorders and body related issues, there has been surprisingly little focus on the meaning that individuals who suffer from these disorders make of their struggles. Thus, many questions such as how such difficulties arise; how various women manage to achieve a superior level of well-being subsequently and how they describe this well-being remain unaddressed. To address these shortcomings, this study used a qualitative methodology to investigate women’s subjective experience of body image related issues and eating disorders. Ten women who have suffered from an eating disorder or body related issues underwent a semi-structured individual interview. The qualitative analysis of the interviews revealed that discomfort towards one’s body was a central theme that emerged from participants discourse. In many cases, this discomfort led the women to make efforts to lose weight. Many women claim that denouncing the social structures that encourage negative body images could lead to collective and social changes which would promote the inclusion of various body types et thus decrease the level of suffering that stems from the narrow range of bodies that are judged acceptable.
Despite the increasing body of research on eating disorders and body related issues, there has been surprisingly little focus on the meaning that individuals who suffer from these disorders make of their struggles. Thus, many questions such as how such difficulties arise; how various women manage to achieve a superior level of well-being subsequently and how they describe this well-being remain unaddressed. To address these shortcomings, this study used a qualitative methodology to investigate women’s subjective experience of body image related issues and eating disorders. Ten women who have suffered from an eating disorder or body related issues underwent a semi-structured individual interview. The qualitative analysis of the interviews revealed that discomfort towards one’s body was a central theme that emerged from participants discourse. In many cases, this discomfort led the women to make efforts to lose weight. Many women claim that denouncing the social structures that encourage negative body images could lead to collective and social changes which would promote the inclusion of various body types et thus decrease the level of suffering that stems from the narrow range of bodies that are judged acceptable.
Teixeira, Paula Costa. „Perfil de atividade física em pacientes com transtornos alimentares“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47135/tde-06032015-154412/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEvidence shows that physical activity (PA) for eating disorder (ED) individuals is a compensatory behavior seeking weight and appetite control. The purpose of this research was to determine the PA of the patients from the Eating Disorders Program (AMBULIM) at the Sao Paulo Universitys Psychiatric Institute. The sample was composed of patients diagnosed with Anorexia Nervosa (AN, n=27), Bulimia (BN, n=31) and a control group (CG, n=13). The data collection involved assessing PA by using an objective instrument (accelerometer), self-reported physical activities, and commitment to exercise. Nutritional and psychological variables were measured with scales of eating attitudes, body dissatisfaction, depression, and anxiety. Comparison between AN, BN and CG groups, was tested by Kruskal Wallis. In order to analyze the prevalence and the possible factors related to PA, Chi Square, Prevalence Ratio (RP), and Odds Ratio (OR) were performed. In the anthropometric, nutritional and psychological variables, CG presented the expected low risk for ED, depression and anxiety levels when compared to the ED groups (p<.05). In the objective instrument, BN presented the longer duration time of light PA, when compared to the other groups (p<.001). Considering the median as the cutoff for RP associations, those who exercised at light intensity measured with by accelerometer for over 973 minutes, presented 2.1 more prevalence of developing BN, when compared to those exercising equally or less time. The risk was negligible for AN. Limitations for this study are warranted: the compulsive exercise, based on the degree of the commitment to exercising, did not interfere in the prevalence of ED. Associations between the practice of PA and the anthropometric, nutritional and psychological variables, except for body dissatisfaction were not found. Those who presented dissatisfaction had 3.4 more chances of practicing PA. It is necessary to further study this population and use validated tools to investigate ED and levels of PA
Rebelo, Ana Maria Martins. „Obesidade mórbida: Factores de personalidade, comportamento alimentar e imagem corporal“. Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/838.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCom esta Investigação pretendeu-se estudar a relação entre Factores de Personalidade, Comportamento Alimentar e Imagem Corporal nos sujeitos diagnosticados com Obesidade Mórbida candidatos a Cirurgia Bariátrica. A população estudada são sujeitos que possuam como diagnóstico médico Obesidade Mórbida, candidatos a cirurgia bariátrica, ou que a tenham efectuado num passado próximo sendo a amostra composta por um grupo clínico de 56 sujeitos. Utilizou-se um modelo de amostragem não-casual com um método de amostragem por conveniência com um desenho descritivo-transversal e, um método exploratório. Os Instrumentos utilizados nesta Investigação foram: Questionário de Caracterização da Amostra, o Inventário de Personalidade NEO-PI-R na Forma S, o Questionário Holandês do Comportamento Alimentar (DEBQ), e, o Teste Projectivo do Desenho da Figura Humana. A análise estatística efectuada foi realizada com recurso ao software SPSS (V.14, SPPS Inc.. Chicago, IL) tendo-se recorrido à Estatística Descritiva, ao "alpha de cronbach", à correlação de Pearson; ao Teste t-student para uma amostra, à Análise de Variância Multivariada (MANOVA) e, à Análise de Correlação Canónica. No Inventário de Personalidade NEO-PI-R obteve-se um bom índice de fiabilidade (alpha de cronbach de .852) enquanto que no DEBQ se obteve um índice excelente (.934). Constata-se a existência de uma correlação estatisticamente significativa entre a dimensão Ingestão_Emocional e a dimensão Ingestão_Externa (a<.01). No NEO-PI-R e com base no Teste t-Student, a média da amostra revela que, quando comparada com a média populacional, existe uma diferença muito significativa no domínio N (p=.000) e no domínio C (p=.010), nas facetas N1-Ansiedade (p=.000), N5-Impulsividade (p=.000), A3-Altruísmo (p=.000), e, C6-deliberação (p=.010). Existe uma diferença significativa no domínio O (p=.017), e nas facetas E3-Assertividade (p=.035), O1-Fantasia (p=.003), O6-Valores (p=.000), 03-Sentimentos (p=.013), C1-Competência (p=.011) e C2-Ordem (p=.017). No DEBQ obteve-se uma diferença muito significativa na dimensão Ingestão_Emocional (p=.000) e na dimensão Restrição_Alimentar (p=.000), com uma diferença significativa na Ingestão_Externa (p=.028). Com base na análise de correlação canónica a variável mais importante na dimensão 1 é a faceta C5-Auto-disciplina enquanto que na dimensão 2 é a Restrição_Alimentar. Na dimensão 1 a Ingestão_Emocional e a Ingestão__Externa estão próximas sendo opostas à Restrição_Alimentar, sendo que a Ingestão_Emocional se encontra no extremo oposto de C4-Realização. Na dimensão 2 a Restrição_Aiimentar está no extremo oposto de A4-Complacência. No Set 1 a Restrição_Alimentar apresenta uma discriminação maior na dimensão 2, enquanto que a Ingestão_Externa apresenta uma discriminação maior na dimensão 1. No Set 2 a faceta N3-Depressâo apresenta uma discriminação maior na dimensão 2 enquanto que N5-Impulsividade apresenta uma discriminação maior na dimensão 1. No Teste Projectivo do Desenho da Figura Humana os sujeitos desenharam no geral uma figura humana grande estereotipada e completa em posição vertical frontal, simétrica e sem movimento, representando na maioria das vezes um corpo parcial. O estudo dos Factores da personalidade, do Comportamento alimentar e da Imagem Corporal nos sujeitos obesos mórbidos, confere-nos informação adicional de modo a oferecer a possibilidade de planear um tratamento mais adequado para cada sujeito.
Lins, Nataly Cézar de Lima. „Impacto de uma intervenção com vídeogame ativo na percepção da imagem corporal e nos comportamentos de compulsão alimentar de adolescentes com excesso de peso“. Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, 2017. http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/jspui/handle/tede/3046.
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Programa de Incentivo à Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa - PROPESQ
Introduction: adolescence is marked by great susceptibility to risky behaviors, such as inadequate changes in the food pattern that can cause obesity. At this stage there is an increase in concern with physical appearance and social patterns and stigmas lead teenagers to seek a stereotype of beauty, causing increased body dissatisfaction and putting them at risk for the development of eating disorders such as BED. In addition to the physical benefits, the exergames can act in the psychological aspects promoting improvement of the corporal image and of eating disorders. Objective: evaluate the impact of the use of active videogame on self-perception of body image and the development of risk behaviors for binge eating in overweight adolescents. Methods: quasi-experimental study with exergaming intervention, for 50 minutes, 3 times a week, for 8 weeks. Data collection took place between April and December 2016, with 55 adolescents aged 15 to 19 from public schools in Campina Grande, PB. Data were collected through a form for characterization of adolescents, BSQ-34 and ECAP questionnaires, and weight, height and waist circumference were also measured. In SPSS 22.0 Student's t-test and McNemar's test were used to evaluate the effect of the exercise on the studied variables. We adopted a confidence interval of 95%. Results: The majority were female (58.2%), overweight (74.5%), and reported some degree of concern about body image at the beginning of the study (56.4%). This percentage was reduced to 38.2% after the intervention, which also led to a reduction of about eight points in the mean of the self- perception of body image score. Conclusions: Given the positive effects of the intervention, it is emphasized the importance of the implementation of the use of active video game in the childhood and adolescence.
Introdução: a adolescência é marcada por grande suscetibilidade a comportamentos de risco, como as mudanças inadequadas no padrão alimentar que podem causar a obesidade. Nessa fase ocorre uma elevação da preocupação com a aparência física e os padrões e estigmas sociais levam os adolescentes a buscar um estereótipo de beleza, causando aumento da insatisfação corporal e colocando-os em risco para desenvolvimento de distúrbios alimentares, como o TCAP. Além dos benefícios físicos, os exergames podem atuar nos aspectos psicológicos promovendo melhora da autoimagem corporal e de transtornos alimentares. Objetivo: avaliar o impacto do uso de videogame ativo na autopercepção da imagem corporal e no desenvolvimento de comportamentos de risco para compulsão alimentar em adolescentes com excesso de peso. Métodos: estudo quase-experimental com intervenção através do uso de exergame durante 50 minutos, 3 vezes por semana, por 8 semanas. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre abril e dezembro de 2016, com 55 adolescentes de 15 a 19 anos, de escolas públicas de Campina Grande-PB. Os dados foram coletados através de formulário para caracterização dos adolescentes, questionários BSQ-34 e ECAP e realizada a aferição de peso, estatura e circunferência abdominal. No SPSS 22.0 foram realizados os testes t de Student pareado e McNemar para avaliar o efeito do exercício sobre as variáveis estudadas. Adotou-se intervalo de confiança de 95%. Resultados: A maioria era mulher (58,2%), tinha sobrepeso (74,5%), e relatou algum grau de preocupação com a imagem corporal no início do estudo (56,4%). Esse percentual foi reduzido para 38,2% após a intervenção, que também promoveu uma redução de cerca de oito pontos na média do escore para autopercepção da imagem corporal. Conclusões: Diante dos efeitos positivos da intervenção ressalta-se a importância da implementação do uso de videogame ativo na infância e adolescência.
Souza, Lidiamara Dornelles de. „Sintomas de transtorno alimentar, insatisfação com a imagem corporal e consumo alimentar em meninas adolescentes de Florianópolis, SC“. reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/103387.
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Objetivo: Investigar a associação entre consumo alimentar, sintomas de risco para transtornos alimentares e insatisfação com a imagem corporal das adolescentes da rede de ensino fundamental e médio de Florianópolis, SC. Métodos: Estudo transversal, com 1052 adolescentes do sexo feminino das redes de ensino pública e privada de Florianópolis. A presença de sintomas de risco para transtornos alimentares foi identificada pelo Teste de Atitudes Alimentares (EAT+) e a avaliação da imagem corporal pelo Questionário de Imagem Corporal (BSQ). O consumo alimentar e a realização das refeições foram avaliados por meio de recordatório de 24h. Aplicou-se teste de Qui-quadrado (p<0,005) para verificar a associação entre o desfecho (EAT+) e as variáveis independentes (idade, rede de ensino, imagem corporal, consumo de energia e macronutrientes e padrão de refeições (se realiza as principais refeições e as refeições intermediárias). Foram realizadas análises multivariáveis por meio de regressão logística. Resultados: A prevalência de EAT+ foi de 14,6%. A prevalência de BSQ+ foi de 18,7%. As adolescentes de escola pública apresentaram maior prevalência de EAT+ (15,7%). A prevalência de EAT+ foi maior nas adolescentes de 10-14 anos (17,3%). As adolescentes com inadequado requerimento energético estimado (EER) apresentaram maior prevalencia de EAT+ (16,4%). O consumo médio de energia foi de 2.047 kcal, sendo que o consumo de energia total foi abaixo do recomendado para 57,7% das meninas. Quanto aos macronutrientes, 67,1% das adolescentes obtiveram um consumo dentro dos limites recomendados para carboidratos. Para lipídios, 66,1% alcançaram os limites recomendados e para as proteínas, 83,7% das adolescentes. Foram relatados 314 diferentes alimentos, sendo os vinte alimentos mais consumidos pão, arroz, suco, leite, açúcar refinado, feijão, carne, margarina, bala, achocolatado, queijo, refrigerante, frango, chiclete, macarrão, tomate, biscoito, alface, chocolate e maionese. O grupo alimentar mais consumido foi o dos pães, cereais, raízes e tubérculos (26,5%). A maioria dos adolescentes realizou as três refeições principais: café da manhã (83%), almoço (96%) e jantar (90%). Entre as adolescentes que não realizavam o café da manhã, 14,3% apresentaram EAT+. A prevalência de BSQ+ entre as adolescentes que não realizavam café da manhã foi de 25,5%. A prevalência de omissão de lanche da manhã foi 89% maior nas adolescentes de escolas públicas do que nas de escolas privadas, sendo essa diferença estatisticamente significativa (p<0,001). As adolescentes da faixa etária entre 10-14 anos apresentaram 50,5% de omissão de lanche da manhã e 58,5% de omissão de ceia. Conclusão: O estudo não encontrou associação significativa entre consumo alimentar, sintomas de risco para transtornos alimentares e insatisfação com a imagem corporal. Entretanto, as adolescentes com EAT+ e BSQ+ apresentaram prevalências de omissão das principais refeições consideravelmente altas.
Abstract : Objective: To investigate the association between food intake, symptoms of eating disorders risk and body image dissatisfaction of adolescents from the network of elementary and secondary education of Florianópolis, SC. Methods: cross-sectional study, with female teens 1052 of the networks of public and private education. The presence of symptoms of eating disorders risk was identified by the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT+) and evaluation of body image by Body Image questionnaire (BSQ). Food intake and meal times were evaluated by 24h-food recall.It wasapplied Chi-square test (p < 0.005) to verify the association between outcome (EAT +) and independent variables (age, network education, body image, consumption of energy and macronutrients and food pattern (place meals and meals in between). Multivariate analyses were performed using logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of EAT + was 14.6%. The prevalence of BSQ + was 18.7%. The public school adolescents showed higher prevalence of EAT + (15.7%). The prevalence of EAT + was higher in adolescents from 10-14 years (17.3%). The adolescents with inappropriate estimated energy requirement (EER) showed higher prevalence of EAT+(16.4%). The average energy consumption amounted to 2,047 kcal and thattotal energy consumption was below of the recommended for 57.7% of the girls. As for macronutrients, 67.1% of adolescents got a recommended consumption limits for carbohydrates. For lipids 66.1% reached the recommended limits and for proteins, 83.7% of adolescents.Were reported 314 different foods and the twenty most foods consumed by teenagers were bread, rice, juice, milk, sugar, beans, meat, margarine, chocolate, cheese, candy, soda, chicken, gum, pasta, tomato, cookies, lettuce, chocolate and mayonnaise. The most consumed food group was of breads, cereals, roots and tubers (26.5%). The majority of adolescents held the three main meals: breakfast (83%), lunch (96%) and dinner (90%). Among the adsolescents who were not the breakfast, 14.3% showed EAT +. The prevalence of BSQ + among theadolescents who were not breakfast was 25.5%. The prevalence of omitting morning snack was 89% greater in adolescents in public schools than in private schools, the difference being statistically significant (p < 0.001). The adolescents age between 10-14 years showed 50.5% of omitting morning snack and 58.5% of omitting supper. Conclusion: The study did not find a significant association between food consumption, symptoms of eating disorders risk and body image dissatisfaction. However, the adolescents with EAT + and BSQ + showed prevalence of omission of the main meals considerably high.
Bunn, Daniela. „A Imagem alimentar e o advento do menor na literatura infantil“. reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/95690.
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Elaborou-se esta tese a partir da pesquisa sobre a presença da imagem do alimento em alguns contos clássicos da tradição oral e em (re)leituras literárias para crianças. Tomam-se aqui o alimento e o ato de comer em uma dimensão estética, levando em consideração o duplo código que se articula nos livros infantis: o texto e a ilustração. O trabalho visa, em uma distribuição rizomática, potencializar a literatura infantil em sala de aula a partir do aparato teórico-metodológico oferecido pelo escritor italiano Gianni Rodari em sua Gramática da Fantasia (1982). Alimento, imaginação, fantasia, estranhamento e relações com o menor articulam-se como conceitos que favorecem a formação de um leitor híbrido ou, nos termos da pesquisa, um leitor menor. Por meio de estratégias interdisciplinares, discute-se a comensalidade e suas mudanças histórico-sociais - da escassez do alimento ao comer em excesso -, e tais estratégias resultam em uma metafórica alimentar que pensa o alimento na literatura e a literatura como alimento. Neste sentido, chega-se a um encontro produtivo entre as narrativas e o leitor, tendo, por um lado, o livro atrativo e/ou nutritivo, e, por outro, um percurso da fome ou do desejo de comer, da devoração cultural, de uma educação alimentar.
This thesis was elaborated from the research on the presence of food images in classical tales of oral tradition and in literary (re)readings for children. Here, food and eating are viewed on an aesthetic dimension, taking in consideration the double code articulated on children?s books: text and illustration. The purpose of this paper is to optimize, on a rhizomatic distribution, the use of children?s literature in the classroom, based on the theoretical-methodological apparatus offered by the Italian writer Gianni Rodari in his book The Grammar of Fantasy (1982). Food, imagination, fantasy, estrangement and relationships with the minor are articulated as concepts that promote the development of a hybrid reader or, in the terms of the research, a minor reader. Through interdisciplinary strategies, commensality and its social-historic changes are discussed - from scarcity of food to excessive eating - and such strategies result on a metaphor that analyzes food in literature and literature as food. In this sense, a productive encounter between narratives and reader is reached, having the attractive or nutritious book on the one hand and, on the other hand, a trajectory of food or the desire to eat, of cultural devouring, of nutritional education.
Oliboni, Carolina Marques. „Duas grandes transformações ao mesmo tempo: atitudes em relação à alimentação e ao corpo em gestantes adolescentes“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6138/tde-21102014-122447/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIntroduction - Adolescence and pregnancy are characterized by intense body changes and occurring concomitantly may potentiate the risk for the emergence of problems with body image, dysfunctional eating attitudes and eating disorder risk behaviors. Objective - To assess attitudes about food, weight and body of a pregnant teenagers group. Method - A sample of pregnant adolescents (n = 67) was assessed using the Body Image Questionnaire (BSQ), the Attitude toward Weight Gain during Pregnancy scale (AWGP) and questions about eating behavior and risk for eating disorders and unhealthy weight control practices. Associations between variables were analyzed with ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis, Pearson or Spearman tests. A logistic regression evaluated the influence of the independent variables regarding to skipping meals, body satisfaction and binge eating. Results - The sample mean age was 15.3 years old and 21.9 weeks of gestation. The mean score was 52.6 points AWGP (indicating positive attitude to weight gain) and 82.1 per cent of patients had body satisfaction. Obese teenagers had more body dissatisfaction (p = 0.001), and those overweight thought more about food (p = 0.025) and eating (p = 0.03). The frequency of binge eating was 41.8 per cent , and skipping meals 19.0 per cent . The regression analysis showed that the current Body Mass Index (p = 0.030; OR = 1.181) and importance of body awareness and fitness before pregnancy (p = 0.033; OD = 4.625) were predictors of skipping meals. Higher socioeconomic level (p = 0.040; OD = 0.554) and greater concern with weight gain (p = 0.037; OD = 0.317) predicted binge eating. Conclusion - The majority of the adolescents had positive attitudes toward weight gain in pregnancy and body satisfaction; however, those were heavier and more concerned with weight gain had a higher risk of unhealthy attitudes, while those from lower social class, less concerned with weight gain and less embarrassed about their current body had a lower risk of unhealthy attitudes.
Séguin, Laurence. „Image corporelle et attitudes maternelles : exploration des perceptions de jeunes femmes avec et sans trouble des conduites alimentaires“. Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11517.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBittencourt, Liliane de Jesus. „Padrões de beleza e transtornos do comportamento alimentar em mulheres negras de Salvador / Bahia“. Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, como requesito parcial para obtenção do título de Doutor em Saúde Pública, 2013. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/13187.
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As mulheres negras são uma parcela da população para a qual as determinações sociais se impõem de forma mais agressiva, dificultando a autoestima, as relações, e fomentando a ideia de que são seres hierarquicamente de menor valor social, estando atrás do homem, branco ou negro, e da mulher branca. Renegar as características das mulheres negras e fazer com que o modelo de beleza preferido seja o das loiras, magras, sem quadris, com seios pequenos, “lábios e narizes finos”, foi um dos grandes ganhos do racismo vigente. Em se tratando dos vários tipos de mulheres negras, a gorda certamente fica num dos patamares mais baixos de valorização social. Portanto, avaliar o impacto de padrões de beleza construídos socialmente no desenvolvimento de comportamentos destruidores e agressores e que inferiorizam tipos fenotípicos diversos, como o das mulheres negras, excluindo-as ou dificultando sua inserção social, é uma forma de contribuir para a definição de meios e instrumentos eficazes de melhoria da saúde desse grupamento populacional. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi compreender a relação entre os padrões de beleza construídos socialmente, o desenvolvimento da imagem corporal e os comportamentos de risco para transtornos do comportamento alimentar entre mulheres negras de Salvador/Bahia; Identificar a influência dos ideais de beleza na construção da imagem corporal, bem como analisar a percepção da imagem corporal das mulheres de Salvador/Bahia levando em consideração o pertencimento étnico/racial; ; Conhecer a relação entre a imagem corporal dessas mulheres e o desenvolvimento dos transtornos do comportamento alimentar; Identificar e compreender os fatores protetores ou fragilizadores para o desenvolvimento dos transtornos do comportamento alimentar entre essas mulheres. A investigação constou de duas fases, uma quantitativa, na qual procurou-se identificar a prevalência de risco para transtornos do comportamento alimentar na cidade de Salvador, e a segunda,qualitativa, com o objetivo de aprofundar a relação entre o risco para estes transtornos e os padrões de beleza construídos socialmente. Na primeira fase foi utilizado um instrumento de investigação, composto de quatro questionários autoaplicáveis, em jovens na faixa etária entre 15 a 30 anos, estudantes do ensino médio e dos cursos de nutrição, psicologia, medicina, enfermagem e educação física, de instituições públicas e privadas. O primeiro questionário coletou informações sobre identificação das jovens, dados sociais, satisfação corporal, vivência do racismo e percepção de existência de rede de apoio social e familiar; o segundo indicava o risco para desenvolvimento dos transtornos do comportamento alimentar (Eating Attitude Test – EAT-26); o terceiro (Body Shape Questionnaire - BSQ), visava caracterizar a imagem corporal destas mulheres; e o último questionário (Beck Depression Inventory - BDI), avaliava possíveis graus de depressão presentes nas mesmas. Na fase qualitativa foram utilizadas duas estratégias metodológicas, os grupos focais e as entrevistas individuais com história de vida. As narrativas dos grupos focais e das entrevistas foram submetidas à análise, através de uma abordagem hermenêutica. O artigo Transtornos Alimentares em Grupos Diversos Etnicamente: uma Revisão proporcionou o entendimento de que estes transtornos estão presentes entre asiáticos, negros e latinos, mas a diversidade de valores e costumes entre esses grupos interfere no seu desenvolvimento e prevalência. A identidade étnica e a o processo de integração social têm um papel importante nos fatores de risco e forma de manifestação dessas desordens. A busca e acessibilidade ao tratamento são influenciadas por características sociais, culturais e raciais. No artigo Transtornos Alimentares: patologia ou estilo de vida? compreendeu-se que os transtornos são considerados estilos de vida, nos quais busca-se fugir ao sofrimento através do controle dos corpos e dos desejos. Há uma trama entre controle, poder e dominação, no qual as jovens pleiteiam autonomia e independência, a sociedade define e normatiza seus corpos, e dessa forma, impõem uma dominação, e os profissionais, baseados nos discursos da saúde, intentam ensiná-las como controla-los, tentando exercer de certa forma um poder sobre o outro. No artigo Risco para Transtornos Alimentares entre Estudantes de Salvador/Bahia, considerando a dimensão raça/cor encontrou-se que as estudantes que se identificaram como amarelas ou indígenas têm 3,6 vezes mais chances de comportamentos alimentares desordenados e 4,8 vezes mais possibilidade de estarem insatisfeitas com sua imagem corporal. As pardas possuem 2,5 vezes mais risco de apresentarem esta insatisfação. A depressão é uma comorbidade que deve ser considerada, apesar de não estar associada significativamente com raça/cor. No texto Satisfação com as Características Fenotípicas e Transtornos Alimentares em Estudantes de Salvador/Bahia percebeu-se que as estudantes pardas, de um modo geral, apesar de afirmarem uma satisfação com a sua aparência, expressam um conflito em relação aos traços que as identificam com uma parcela da população que é considerada socialmente menos valorizada. No entanto, não eram mais propensas a desenvolverem transtornos alimentares, o que pode ser explicado por possuírem um referencial de beleza diferente do propagado pela mídia e valorizado socialmente. Na análise dos grupos focais e entrevistas foi possível entender que tanto para as estudantes negras quanto para as não negras a magreza extrema e o excesso não se refletem muito nos desejos das jovens de Salvador. Parece que, apesar de também existir uma perseguição de um corpo perfeito, ideal, este corpo, necessariamente teria o equilíbrio como tônica importante. A insatisfação corporal esteve presente nos dois grupos, independente de apresentarem ou não preocupação com o formato e tamanho corporal. Ao avaliar as narrativas percebeu-se que sinais e sintomas dos transtornos do comportamento alimentar estiveram presentes na vida de sete jovens negras, mesmo o resultado do EAT tendo sido negativo. Os fatores que podem ser considerados protetores ou fragilizadores em relação à manifestação desordenada de comportamentos alimentares foram relacionais, estruturais e os próprios da personalidade.
Salvador
Kanno, Patrícia de Souza. „Imagem corporal ideal: estariam nutricionistas projetando as suas imagens corporais sobre seus pacientes?“ Universidade Católica de Brasília, 2009. https://bdtd.ucb.br:8443/jspui/handle/123456789/945.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEsta dissertação realiza uma análise quantitativa da autojimagem corporal ideal de nutricionistas e a projeção ideal da imagem corporal de pacientes hipotéticos apresentando um grau de eutrofia, sobrepeso e obesidade. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de um protocolo que possui a Escala de Silhuetas Femininas (ESF) que visa verificar as autoimagens reais e ideais das nutricionistas, bem como as imagens reais e ideais que as mesmas projetavam nos pacientes dos estudos de caso descritos e a Escala de Imagem Corporal (EIC) que visou detectar o tamanho real e ideal e definição muscular real e ideal tanto de nutricionistas quanto a projeção que as mesmas fizeram nestes pacientes. Esta pesquisa foi realizada com 400 mulheres, na qual 199 eram formadas e 201 eram estudantes do último semestre do Curso de Nutrição em um Universidade em Brasília/DF.(...) Os resultados permitiram detectar que as nutricionistas projetam autoimagem mais magra, porém mais fina e forte. Para a paciente eutrófica, as nutricionistas projetaram uma imagem ideal semelhante às delas, entretanto, para aqueles que possuíram grau de sobrepeso e obesidade as mesmas projetaram uma imagem ideal ainda acima do peso, distanciando do padrão de corpo que as profissionais almejam e o padrão que a sociedade impõe. Pode-se concluir que nutricionistas possuem construções estereotipadas nos indivíduos acima do peso, acreditam que não podem atingir uma imagem corporal magra, eutrófica mesmo com algum tipo de intervenção nutricional.
Venturini, Luciana Petenusci. „Obesidade e Família - Uma caracterização de famílias de crianças obesas e a percepção dos familiares e das crianças de sua imagem corporal“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2000. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59137/tde-14112008-174707/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMany studies describe obesity is an excess of fat tissue with multi-factorial causes. Obesity rates have increased in adults as well as in children populations. Considered as one of the risk factors to the health, current treatments tend to take into account all the aspects related to its origin, as for change of feeding habits and lifestyle. The objective of this study is to characterize the families of children diagnosed obese in order to investigate their role in children obesity and know the perception that these families and children have of their own body. Fifteen obese children aged 8 to 14 years old and their families were interviewed and submitted to the human figure drawing test. It was observed that the most of the children was of the masculine sex and the most of them aged 12 and 14 years old. In relation to the relatives, the most of the parents was married and attended elementary schools. It was verified that the relatives as well as children recognized your weights excess and the consequences that it could bring to your physical health, in the social relationships and self-steem. However, the relatives presented difficulties in act in the feeding control due contradictory feelings and distortion in the childs perception and their real needs. The weight excess brought consequences for the childs self-image. Their feeding habits and lifestyle continued inadequate after the treatments orientations. Like this, it is suggested a multi-disciplinary work with the children and mainly the families.
Gagnon, Caroline, und Caroline Gagnon. „La mesure des émotions suscitées par des images de nourriture chez des femmes présentant un trouble des conduites alimentaires“. Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37739.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLes troubles des conduites alimentaires (TCA), soit l’anorexie mentale (AN) et la boulimie (BN), constituent des pathologies graves et complexes. Leur étiologie est multidéterminée, leur comorbidité forte, leurs conséquences sévères et multiples et leur évolution sinueuse. De plus, pour un bon nombre de patientes, les TCA représentent des maladies chroniques en raison, notamment, de l’efficacité mitigée, à moyen/long terme, des stratégies utilisées pour les traiter ou, autrement dit, de la persistance post-suivi de certains de leurs symptômes. Parmi ceux-ci figure le maintien d’une relation perturbée avec la nourriture. Depuis quelques années, il est reconnu que des facteurs intuitifs et spontanés, comme les émotions, influencent fortement la prise alimentaire. Or, selon le modèle à cinq voies de Macht (2008), les émotions suscitées par les aliments, en tant que stimuli en soi, représentent la porte d’entrée de la relation unissant les affects et la prise alimentaire des individus. En fait, la valeur hédonique attribuée à une denrée prédirait la quantité qui en serait consommée en termes de grammes ou de calories ingérées. Plutôt que de s’intéresser aux émotions vécues par les patientes dans un contexte de vie général, la présente thèse se penche sur les émotions évoquées par la nourriture comme bases explicatives potentielles de la prise alimentaire inadéquate des femmes présentant un TCA. Pour ce faire, les réponses émotionnelles de participantes souffrant d’AN et de BN à la vue d’images de nourriture sont mesurées et comparées à celles de participantes sans TCA ainsi qu’à celles générées par des images d’objets. Le premier objectif de la thèse consiste à déterminer, par le recours à des mesures explicites/directes de l’émotion et le contrôle des biais rencontrés dans les études antérieures sur le sujet, les réactions induites par les aliments propres aux TCA. Les résultats révèlent que les patientes, dans leur ensemble, ont une réaction élevée de peur à la vue des images de nourriture soumises. Cette réaction s’avère spécifique, c’est-à-dire non attribuable à un manque d’uniformité des stimuli exposés, à l’état interne des participantes (faim, symptômes affectifs préexpérimentaux), à leurs connaissances nutritionnelles et à la présence, chez elles, d’une sensibilité globale plus élevée au dégoût et/ou d’une capacité générale réduite à éprouver du plaisir. De façon plus détaillée, chez les femmes avec AN, tous les aliments, peu importe leur valeur calorique, engendrent une réaction élevée de peur, alors que chez celles avec BN, une telle réaction n’est observée que pour les denrées/mets à haute densité énergétique. Le deuxième objectif de la thèse cherche à valider, par l’adoption de mesures implicites/indirectes, les réponses émotionnelles précédemment recueillies. L’usage de méthodes implicites vise à contourner les biais expérimentaux liés aux mesures explicites et aider à faire la lumière sur l’ambiguïté présente dans la littérature quant aux réactions émotionnelles directes et indirectes des patientes avec BN. Afin d’éviter de soumettre les participantes à des enregistrements physiologiques intrusifs, et sachant que les émotions modulent l’estimation de la durée de présentation de divers stimuli, une perspective fondée sur des jugements temporels est adoptée. Les résultats révèlent que les femmes avec AN surestiment la durée de présentation des images de nourriture soumises par rapport à celle d’images d’objets. Cette surestimation est aussi observée en comparaison aux jugements fournis par les femmes avec BN. Ces dernières, toutefois, ne montrent aucune distorsion temporelle lorsque des images d’aliments sont présentées. L’effet de surestimation des durées de nourriture par les patientes souffrant d’AN est interprété comme étant la conséquence d’une réaction de peur, laquelle se révèle à nouveau être un élément caractéristique de la pathologie des participantes. Considérés dans leur globalité, les travaux de la présente thèse démontrent que la nourriture, en tant que stimulus distinctif, est génératrice d’une peur intense chez les femmes souffrant d’un TCA. Puisque la peur suscitée par un aliment/mets conduit à son rejet – et que plus cet aliment/mets est évité, plus la peur qui lui est associée grandit et se cristallise – la thèse souligne l’importance de prendre en considération, de manière spécifique et exhaustive, la question de la peur de la nourriture dès le début de la prise en charge des patientes. À cet égard, comme complément aux thérapies déjà validées pour l’AN et la BN, l’inclusion de stratégies utilisées pour le traitement des troubles anxieux (p.ex., exposition graduée, prévention de la réponse) constitue une voie intéressante.
Eating disorders (ED), more specifically anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN), are serious mental illnesses. In that sense, their etiology is multi-determined, their comorbidity is high, their consequences are severe and multiple, and the road to their recovery is a sinuous path. In addition, for a number of patients, ED are long-lasting diseases due to the mixed results of their treatment or, in other words, to the continuity of their symptoms after being discharged from a specialized care program. Since a few years, unconscious, automatic and intuitive processes, like emotions, are recognized for their important influence on food intake. Notably, Macht’s Five-way Model (2008) postulates that food-evoked emotions are powerful determinants of food choice because, in a hierarchical perspective, they represent the first way by which emotions can control individuals’ food intake. In fact, the hedonic value of food has been demonstrated to be predictive of energy consumption and/or the amount of food consumed at a meal. Instead of investigating emotions experienced by ED women in their general life, the present thesis is interested in food-induced emotions as potential explanatory factors of inadequate patients’ food intake. To that end, emotional responses of participants suffering from AN and BN are compared to those of healthy controls (HC) and to those aroused by object images. The first objective of the thesis is to identify food-induced emotions that are distinctive in ED, by using explicit/direct measures of emotions and controlling for previous studies’ limitations. The results show that ED patients experience a higher level of fear towards food pictures than HC, which is specific to their pathology. Differently said, that food-evoked reaction is neither due to the use of heterogenous stimuli, nor to patients’ internal state (hunger, pre-experimental emotional symptoms), nutritional knowledge and potential higher disgust sensitivity or general anhedonia. In more details, in AN women, the fear response occurs towards all food, whereas in BN women, that is observed for high-caloric products only. The second objective of the thesis is to validate the food-induced emotions obtained by explicit tasks with implicit/indirect measures, in order to avoid biases associated to the latter and to help alleviating ambiguity in the literature about BN women’s indirect and direct reactions towards food. Because psychophysiological recordings, as traditional implicit techniques, are somewhat invasive and unpleasant – particularly for ED women who are biologically monitored on a recurring basis – a different method is used, namely the presentation of food pictures and judgements about the duration of these presentations. The time perception perspective adopted is based on the fact that timing is sensitive to emotions and that temporal distortions give insights about how the environment is processed. The results revealed that AN women overestimate the duration of food pictures in comparison to pictures of objects. Also, compared to participants with BN, they perceive the duration of food pictures as longer. However, BN patients do not show any time distortion for food pictures. The overestimation effect observed in AN women for food pictures is understood as the effect of a fear reaction, which is shown, once more, to be ED-specific. Considered all together, the findings of the present thesis demonstrate that emotions provoked by food, as stimuli per se, generate an intense reaction of fear in women suffering from an ED. Since fear induced by a food product leads to its rejection – and considering that the more an item is avoided, the more the fear associated with it increases – the thesis highlights the need to address distinctly and exhaustively patients’ fear toward food as soon as they begin treatment. For this purpose, as a complement to AN and BN validated therapies, the use of clinical strategies applied for the management of anxious disorders appears to be a promising avenue (e.g., exposure and response prevention).
Eating disorders (ED), more specifically anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN), are serious mental illnesses. In that sense, their etiology is multi-determined, their comorbidity is high, their consequences are severe and multiple, and the road to their recovery is a sinuous path. In addition, for a number of patients, ED are long-lasting diseases due to the mixed results of their treatment or, in other words, to the continuity of their symptoms after being discharged from a specialized care program. Since a few years, unconscious, automatic and intuitive processes, like emotions, are recognized for their important influence on food intake. Notably, Macht’s Five-way Model (2008) postulates that food-evoked emotions are powerful determinants of food choice because, in a hierarchical perspective, they represent the first way by which emotions can control individuals’ food intake. In fact, the hedonic value of food has been demonstrated to be predictive of energy consumption and/or the amount of food consumed at a meal. Instead of investigating emotions experienced by ED women in their general life, the present thesis is interested in food-induced emotions as potential explanatory factors of inadequate patients’ food intake. To that end, emotional responses of participants suffering from AN and BN are compared to those of healthy controls (HC) and to those aroused by object images. The first objective of the thesis is to identify food-induced emotions that are distinctive in ED, by using explicit/direct measures of emotions and controlling for previous studies’ limitations. The results show that ED patients experience a higher level of fear towards food pictures than HC, which is specific to their pathology. Differently said, that food-evoked reaction is neither due to the use of heterogenous stimuli, nor to patients’ internal state (hunger, pre-experimental emotional symptoms), nutritional knowledge and potential higher disgust sensitivity or general anhedonia. In more details, in AN women, the fear response occurs towards all food, whereas in BN women, that is observed for high-caloric products only. The second objective of the thesis is to validate the food-induced emotions obtained by explicit tasks with implicit/indirect measures, in order to avoid biases associated to the latter and to help alleviating ambiguity in the literature about BN women’s indirect and direct reactions towards food. Because psychophysiological recordings, as traditional implicit techniques, are somewhat invasive and unpleasant – particularly for ED women who are biologically monitored on a recurring basis – a different method is used, namely the presentation of food pictures and judgements about the duration of these presentations. The time perception perspective adopted is based on the fact that timing is sensitive to emotions and that temporal distortions give insights about how the environment is processed. The results revealed that AN women overestimate the duration of food pictures in comparison to pictures of objects. Also, compared to participants with BN, they perceive the duration of food pictures as longer. However, BN patients do not show any time distortion for food pictures. The overestimation effect observed in AN women for food pictures is understood as the effect of a fear reaction, which is shown, once more, to be ED-specific. Considered all together, the findings of the present thesis demonstrate that emotions provoked by food, as stimuli per se, generate an intense reaction of fear in women suffering from an ED. Since fear induced by a food product leads to its rejection – and considering that the more an item is avoided, the more the fear associated with it increases – the thesis highlights the need to address distinctly and exhaustively patients’ fear toward food as soon as they begin treatment. For this purpose, as a complement to AN and BN validated therapies, the use of clinical strategies applied for the management of anxious disorders appears to be a promising avenue (e.g., exposure and response prevention).
Melo, Monica Maria de Oliveira. „Compulsão alimentar, imagem corporal e qualidade de vida em crianças e adolescentes obesos“. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUOS-8KYPUN.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOBJETIVO: o presente estudo objetivou discutir os desafios diagnósticos de compulsão alimentar (CA) em crianças e adolescentes por meio da comparação de dois instrumentos diagnósticos, a escala ECAP (baseada em critérios propostos pelo DSMIV) e uma entrevista clínica semi-estruturada elaborada especificamente para este trabalho levando em conta o conceito de perda de controle alimentar. Outro objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a satisfação e imagem-corporal dos pacientes do estudo, uma vez que alguns trabalhos têm sugerido que preocupações recorrentes com a forma física e o peso sejam incluídos como critério diagnóstico para compulsão alimentar. Este estudo avaliou ainda a qualidade de vida dos pacientes da mostra e a presença de bullying. METODOLOGIA: estudo transversal com 33 crianças e adolescentes obesos de 8 a 16 anos provenientes de consultório médico da rede privada associado ao Serviço de Endocrinologia do Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG. Foram selecionados somente pacientes com peso acima do percentil 97 para idade e em sua primeira consulta, anteriormente ao início de qualquer medicação ou dieta. Foi aplicado o questionário ECAP baseado em critérios do DSM-IV para pesquisa de compulsão alimentar e elaborada uma entrevista clínica semi-estruturada baseada em critérios recentes da literatura que consideram a perda de controle o ponto central para o diagnóstico de CA. Foram utilizados também os instrumentos Body Shape Questionnaire e Body Figure Silhouette para avaliar respectivamente a satisfação corporal e a imagem corporal dos pacientes. O Questionário Pediátrico de Qualidade de Vida - PedsQL versão 4,0 e o Questionário sobre Bullying da instituição Kidscape foram também aplicados. Outras variáveis como gênero, idade, IMC, presença de familiar obeso e prática de atividades físicas foram avaliadas. RESULTADOS: Em relação à compulsão alimentar, a escala ECAP identificou como compulsivos 14 pacientes e a entrevista clínica 18 pacientes, com boa concordância estatística entre os dois instrumentos. Entretanto, todos os pacientes identificados na entrevista clínica e não identificados pela ECAP responderam negativamente às perguntas sobre a quantidade de comida ingerida. Ainda em relação à compulsão alimentar, dos 18 pacientes identificados como compulsivos na entrevista clínica, 10 apresentavam insatisfação corporal segundo o teste BSQ e 8 estavam satisfeitos com seu corpo, sendo que não houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre a presença do distúrbio alimentar e insatisfação corporal. As variáveis insatisfação corporal, piora na qualidade de vida e chance de ser vítima de bullying estiveram relacionadas ao peso dos pacientes com significância estatística. CONCLUSÃO: os resultados mostram que alguns pacientes relatando perda de controle alimentar podem não pontuar em instrumentos baseados nos critérios do DSM-IV por não preencherem o critério de ingestão de grande quantidade de comida. Não foi observado nesta amostra associação entre o distúrbio alimentar e insatisfação corporal, sugerindo que possa haver dois tipos de pacientes com perda de controle em relação à alimentação: aqueles compulsivos, para quem a compulsão alimentar ocorra em resposta à pensamentos obsessivos em relação ao peso e forma corporal e aqueles impulsivos, nos quais a impulsividade alimentar não se relaciona à insatisfação corporal. A insatisfação corporal, a piora na qualidade de vida e a chance de ser vítima de bullying estiveram relacionadas ao peso, reforçando a necessidade de avaliação criteriosa e multiprofissional destes pacientes.