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1
Shahabuddin, Charza. „La production de normes islamiques au Bangladesh : construction, négociations et violences“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024EHES0136.
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Avec 171 millions d’habitants dont 91% de musulmans sunnites (2024), le Bangladesh est le quatrième pays le plus peuplé de musulmans au monde. Ce jeune État-nation a gagné son indépendance en 1971 à l’issue d’une guerre qui, en séparant les musulmans du Pakistan occidental et oriental, a remis en cause la logique identitaire religieuse de la partition de 1947. Depuis lors, le cas du Bangladesh continue de se caractér iser par un rapport ambivalent du politique au religieux, dans la mesure où y coexistent le sécularisme comme principe constitutionnel (depuis 1972) et l’islam comme religion d’État (depuis 1988). Dans ce contexte, l’enjeu est de déterminer le rôle que joue l’islam dans la vie des citoyens, les musulmans, mais aussi les minorités ethniques et religieuses. S’il existe un consensus entre les fidèles et les principaux représentants de l’autorité religieuse islamique sur la pratique des cinq piliers de l’islam sunnite, la compétition pour établir sa propre normativité islamique a mené de nombreux entrepreneurs politiques et identitaires, des organisations islamistes, des citoyens et fidèles musulmans, des penseurs-libres, des organes étatiques, à construire, négocier et produire différentes normes islamiques. À partir de l’étude du Bangladesh, l’objet de cette thèse est d’analyser l’action et le rôle des différentes instances qui ont l’autorité de produire, valider ou rejeter ce qu’on appelle une norme islamique. Ces acteurs s’engagent dans des processus de négociations mais n’hésitent pas à recourir à la violence. Située à l’intersection de la sociologie politique et de l’anthropologie politique, s’appuyant sur neuf mois d’enquête de terrain [entre 2017 et 2023], cette thèse souligne que l’islam est une construction avant tout politique qui découle de l’action de ceux qui souhaitent produire et diffuser leurs normes islamiques, établir leur morale et représenter une autorité politico-religieuse légitimeWith a population of 171 million, 91% of whom are Sunni Muslims (2024), Bangladesh is the fourth most populous Muslim country in the world. This young nation-state gained independence in 1971 following a war which, by separating the Muslims of West and East Pakistan, challenged the logic of religious identity of the 1947 partition. Since then, Bangladesh has been characterized by an ambivalent relationship between politics and religion, with secularism as a constitutional principle (since 1972) and Islam as the state religion (since 1988). In this context, the challenge is to define the role of Islam in the lives of citizens, not only Muslims but also ethnic and religious minorities. While there is a consensus between the faithful and the main representatives of Islamic religious authority on the practice of the five pillars of Sunni Islam, the competition to establish one's own Islamic normativity has led many identity and political entrepreneurs, Islamist organisations, Muslim citizens and believers, free thinkers and state bodies to construct, negotiate and produce different Islamic norms. Based on the study of Bangladesh, the aim of this thesis is to analyse the action and role of the various bodies that have the authority to produce, validate or reject what is known as an Islamic norm. These actors engage in negotiation processes but do not hesitate to resort to violence. Situated at the intersection of political sociology and political anthropology and based on nine months of fieldwork [between 2017 and 2023], this thesis emphasises that Islam is above all a political construct that stems from the actions of those who wish to produce and disseminate their Islamic norms, establish their morality and represent a legitimate politico-religious authority
2
Beaven, Zuleika Therese. „Creative and entrepreneurial identity in nascent musician entrepreneurs“. Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.591100.
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This qualitative study explores the dynamic relationship between creative identity and entrepreneurial identity in musicians as they attempt to start up music-related ventures. It emerged from the need of the researcher to develop a research base for her practice as a creative enterprise educator. There is, therefore, a real world nature to the study as it focuses on the lived experience of emerging entrepreneurs. The research takes an interdisciplinary approach, drawing on identity and entrepreneurship theory to investigate the course of identity development and how this interplays with the nascent entrepreneurship journey. The study has two phases: pre-trading, where perceptions of entrepreneurship were explored amongst a group of music students who expressed intent to musician-entrepreneurship, and a two-year t racking phase, involving real-time observation of the playing out of a range of paths through the nascency journey for the musicians. Twelve musicians took part in Phase One; ten remained for Phase Two and participated in a series of interviews about their experiences as they attempted to develop their ventures. The semi-structured interviews were analysed using a restorying approach to narrative analysis in order to build case studies. Findings from the pre-trading phase are of identity claims, the nature of intent and the interplay between identities. As the study progressed, the complex nature of the nascency journey and of shifts in the relationship between entrepreneurial and creative identities were observed. The three key areas for contribution to knowledge relate to findings around the nuanced nature of intent in the nascent creative entrepreneurs, including the observation of intent to practise being much stronger than entrepreneurial intent and the proposal of Tactical and Pragmatic intent as a means of understanding this; the complex and non-sequential journeys the musician entrepreneurs followed through nascency; and the nature of their shifting and interplaying creative and entrepreneurial identities, including the ways in which musician-entrepreneur identities were developed.
3
Kang, Yi Chun. „How identity fluids in college student entrepreneurs :the sense-making process of identity formation“. Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3952586.
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4
Xu, Zhixing. „Integrating moral identity and moral judgment to explain everyday moral behavior: a dual-process model“. HKBU Institutional Repository, 2014. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/69.
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A dual-process framework argues that both intuition and reflection interact to produce moral decisions. The present dissertation integrated moral identity and moral judgment to explain moral behavior from the dual-process model and its account was tested by three studies. A typical everyday moral behavior of interest in the present research was honest behavior. Participants were introduced to use their intuitive ability to predict the dice number demonstrated on a computer. The reward will base on their self-reported accuracy. Studies examined cheating behavior of individuals who had a chance to lie for money. In study 1, sixty participants with diversified background were recruited in a laboratory study. The results supported that honest behavior was more an intuitive result than a reflective outcome. Honest behavior resulted from the absence of temptation and priming moral constructs increased honest behavior. Study 2 contained two parts, in the first part, the researcher developed a Chinese version of moral identity based on Aquino and Reed’s (2002) work, in the second part, fifty-eight participants’ moral identity was investigated by the instrument in the first part. Their honest behavior was measured in the same task adopted in study 1. The result confirmed that different mechanisms led different people to behave ethically. For people who had strong moral identity, honesty resulted from the absence of temptation, while for individual with weak moral identity, honest behavior resulted from the active resistance of temptation. In study 3, moral identity and moral judgment were integrated to explain moral behavior. A Web-based survey with 437 subjects showed that the relationship between moral identity and moral judgment was significant. Individuals who viewed themselves as moral people preferred formalistic ideals to utilitarian framework when making moral judgment. The follow-up experimental study demonstrated that moral identity and moral judgment interacted together to determine moral behavior. When formalism was coupled with the motivational power of moral identity, individuals were most likely to behave morally.
5
Chang, Youngkyun. „Social loafing and moral emotions the Janus-headed aspect of moral identity /“. Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 83 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1605142251&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Wishart, Maria. „Moral identity work in senior business managers“. Thesis, Open University, 2018. http://oro.open.ac.uk/56294/.
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This thesis adopts a social constructionist epistemology and a narrative analysis research method to explore the moral identity work of senior managers in UK for-profit businesses. Analysis of thirty semi-structured interview transcripts was carried out using the Nvivo data analysis software package, guided by Gioia et al’s (2013) systematic approach to qualitative data analysis. The study identifies one overarching theme – that of the loneliness of seniority, which underpins the moral identity work of participants. Participants articulate the loneliness of seniority with recourse to three main tactics – describing intense pressure to deliver against business objectives, expressing the weight of expectation that they perceive from many stakeholders, and asserting that they feel caught between those above and below them in their organisational hierarchies. Two further themes are elaborated. In the first – reaffirming themselves as essentially moral - participants assert that they have a moral core, with recourse to nostalgia for childhood. In the second - becoming and being moral managers - they assert their roles as moral champions by characterising their organisations as systems that threaten to thwart their moral agendas, and which they need to resist. These findings contribute to understanding in the under-researched area of individual moral identity within a business context, as well as offering a fresh perspective to the broader field of business ethics research. The research makes contributions to theory in several areas, notably to the theories of nostalgia and of stigma management in identity work, and to the theory of resistance as an identity work stratagem. It also contributes to practice with the findings that feelings of isolation persist beyond middle management, and that moral issues in the workplace are experienced in a remarkably similar way in individuals from different business functions and sectors.
7
Epting, Shane Ray. „On City Identity and Its Moral Dimensions“. Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc822798/.
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The majority of people on Earth now live in cities, and estimates hold that 60 percent of the world’s cities have yet to be built. Now is the time for philosophers to develop a philosophy of the city to address the forthcoming issues that urbanization will bring. In this dissertation, I respond to this need for a philosophy of the city by developing a theory of city identity, developing some of the theory’s normative implications, illustrating the theory with a case study, and outlining the nature and future of philosophy of the city more generally. Indeed, this dissertation is only a part of my larger project of founding and institutionalizing this new field of both academic and socially-engaged philosophical activity. Throughout the history of the discipline, other areas such a personal identity have received numerous considerations, along with the concept of identity as an abstraction. For example, there is a bounty of research addressing problems pertaining to how objects and people retain an identity over time and claims about identity in general. While one could argue that cities are not any different than any other object, such an account fails to consider that a city’s dynamic nature makes it dissimilar to other things. To illustrate this point, I develop a position called dynamic composition as identity theory that provides a framework for understanding the identity of a city, exhibiting that views within analytic metaphysics are too narrow to apply to all cases. After establishing a concept of city identity, I use an applied mereology to develop a model of city identity that shows how the parts of a city fit together to form a complete city. This model introduces the normative dimension of my project by providing a way to identify how incongruence between a city’s parts can cause problems for residents’ wellbeing. To understand the moral dimensions of infrastructure, I argue that moral theory alone is ill prepared to adequately demonstrate its full range of effects. Yet, instead of developing another moral theory, we can supplement existing moral theories with the concepts of sustainability and resilience thinking to account for the elements that traditional moral systems neglect. I support this view with a detailed account of transportation infrastructure. Namely, I show that current frameworks for assessing transportation infrastructure are inadequate, and employ the method of complex moral assessment developed earlier to make such assessments. Lastly, I show how the research in this dissertation counts as intra-disciplinary research, a new kind of method for philosophical research.
8
Kaufmann, Hans Ruediger. „The influence of identity on marketing-education for Eastern German entrepreneurs“. Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339547.
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Baker, David Adrion. „Can Quantitative Assessment of Moral Identity Be Improved?“ TopSCHOLAR®, 2015. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1453.
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According to results from Aquino and Reed (study 5, 2002) and Hall and Derryberry (2010), high means and very low standard deviations of the average score for each question for both the internalization and symbolization scales of the Moral Identity Scale (MIS) are common. This study attempts to measure the extent to which a person considers morality to be a central part of his or her self-concept. Because participants may feel pressure to respond in a certain way on the MIS, the role of social desirability to respond favorably is very plausible. The current study, therefore, attempts to reduce socially desirable responding on the moral identity construct. The hypothesis of this study was that the revised Moral Identity Scale—compared to the original Moral Identity Scale—would display a reduction in skewness, a reduction in social desirability effects, and an increase in the ability to predict moral functioning. Analyses partially supported a reduction in social desirability and supported an increase in the ability to predict moral functioning. However, analyses did not support a reduction in negative skewness.
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Donnelly, Andrew Donovan. „Identity, morality and communicativeness: the principles of conscience“. Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/12169.
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What is the conscience? In this thesis I argue that, contrary to received wisdom, the conscience is not simply the moral sense, or the capacity to make moral judgements. I argue that conscience cannot be analysed in terms of any individually necessary conditions. Conscience (or as it is sometimes called ‘conscientiousness’), is a cluster concept. It can be analysed in terms of three principles which do not necessitate some thought or act being conscientious but, rather, count in favour, of that thought or act being conscientious. The three principles of conscience are identity (‘conscientious identity’), morality and communicativeness. Over the course of the thesis I articulate an argument in favour of my account of conscience through reference to both historical accounts of conscience (such as the accounts of Bishop Butler, Kant and Heidegger) and to recent discussions in moral philosophy (including the work of Kimberley Brownlee, Michael Bratman and Marina Oshana). Ultimately, I argue, these three principles are the principles of conscience because they capture, in different ways, what is valuable about conscience; they capture what a right of conscience purports to protect.
11
Roy, Vishalakshi. „Navigating multiple identities : identity work of creative entrepreneurs in the founding stage“. Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/83168/.
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The contemporary view of identity in entrepreneurship accepts its dynamic nature and its multidimensional structure. Some scholars have illustrated how identity tensions may stimulate identity work in different settings, but they do not offer a satisfactory understanding of how multiple identities of an entrepreneur interact to promote identity work. One setting where identity work is prolific is in the initial stages of the venture when individuals have recently transitioned into entrepreneurship. However, detailed accounts of the identity struggles of the entrepreneur in this stage has not found favour in the entrepreneurship literature. More specifically, studies investigating identity conflict and coherence of entrepreneurs do not provide a satisfactory understanding of identity work derived from the complexity of the existence of multiple identities. The question therefore arises - How do entrepreneurs engage in identity work in response to identity demands caused by multiple identities? To address this research gap I study entrepreneurs that have recently started a venture in the creative industries. The founding stage is chosen to facilitate the observation of intense identity work, while the creative industries as an extreme setting facilitates our observation of multiple sub-identities of the entrepreneur. Though a two-year qualitative longitudinal study of 15 creative entrepreneurs, I provide new insight into identity work of entrepreneurs in light of multiple identities. Drawing on my analysis of the data, I present three articles. In the first, I examine the process of identity work through a staged model, and propose identity routes and tactics of entrepreneurs as they journey through identity disruption and equilibrium. Here, I recognise the impact of the entrepreneurs’ affects in this process. In the second article, I analyse how conflicts between specific identities of the entrepreneur are normalised by investigating dirty work in the context of entrepreneurship. And finally in article three I offer a more rounded discussion to types of trigger for identity work by examining the impact of self-defined critical incidents on identity work of entrepreneurs. Here I discuss the role of sensemaking in internalising the impacts from these critical incidents and find that a single incident can have multiple impacts. The examination of identity work in light of multiple identities is concluded with a discussion of the contributions of the thesis towards the current gaps in identity work literature as identified by scholars.
12
Hussin, Habruzah. „Personal values and identity structures of Malay and Chinese entrepreneurs in Malaysia“. Thesis, Cranfield University, 1995. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9935.
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The research involves a cross-cultural exploratory research on personal values and identity
structures of Malay and Chinese entrepreneurs as reflected in their cognitive functioning.
The general focus of this research is to study personal values through indirect measures, as
emerging constructs elicited from cognitive activities. This study adopts a different approach
in that it moves away from the search for a single set of entrepreneurial traits. On the other
hand, examining the personal values of entrepreneurs can be more fruitful. In this context, it
is assumed that entrepreneurs undergo changes in personal values and identity due to changes
in their personal and social situations.
This research integrates nomothetic' (perspective of the general) and 'idiographic'
(perspective of the particular) research methods. The techniques of data collection used are
in-depth interviews, demographic data questionnaire, and Identity Structure Analysis. The
data gathered were analysed using three different techniques namely quantitative and
qualitative account analysis, statistical analysis using SPSS, and Identity Exploration (IDEX-
IDIO and IDEX-NOMO) computer programs.
The research reveals fifteen personal values common to Malay and Chinese entrepreneurs:
'personal independence, trustworthiness, a comfortable life, frugality, perseverance, hard
work utilise and create opportunities, benevolence, versatility, fatalism, risk taking, self
discipline, innovativeness, mutual obligation and reciprocity to family and kinship and high
achievement'. The single personal value found specific to Malay entrepreneurs is 'religious
piety'. On the other hand, the personal values revealed to be specific to Chinese
entrepreneurs are 'sustaining growth and continuity as family business' and 'harmonious
relationships with others'.
The findings from this study show that there are similarities and differences in the identity
structures between both groups of entrepreneurs. Most Malay and Chinese entrepreneurs
have a high level of 'idealistic identification' with 'admired person', 'successful
entrepreneur', and 'most Chinese entrepreneurs'. Chinese entrepreneurs sampled in this
study have a 'moderate' level of 'idealistic identification' with Malay entrepreneurs. Malay
entrepreneurs have a 'moderate' level of 'idealistic identification' with their 'father' whereas
Chinese entrepreneurs' identification can be considered 'high'. Both groups of entrepreneurs
have high self-confidence with regard to their roles as 'an entrepreneur', 'as a husband', and
'as a Malay/ Chinese'.
This research has made considerable contribution to knowledge specifically in the field of
entrepreneurial studies. This empirical research into personal values of entrepreneurs in
general and in particular the linkage with entrepreneur's identity and role expectations
broadened the psychological perspective of entrepreneurs. It is reasonable to qualify this
research as one of the very few studies into personal values and identity structures of
entrepreneurs. More specifically this is the first empirical research not only to compare
personal values and identity of Malay and Chinese entrepreneurs but also Malay
entrepreneurs in general. The study of personal values and identity of entrepreneurs is still in
its infancy. Therefore, further research should be conducted to enrich existing knowledge in
this area.
13
Hussin, Habrizah. „Personal values and identity structures of Malay and Chinese entrepreneurs in Malaysia“. Thesis, Cranfield University, 1995. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9935.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The research involves a cross-cultural exploratory research on personal values and identity structures of Malay and Chinese entrepreneurs as reflected in their cognitive functioning. The general focus of this research is to study personal values through indirect measures, as emerging constructs elicited from cognitive activities. This study adopts a different approach in that it moves away from the search for a single set of entrepreneurial traits. On the other hand, examining the personal values of entrepreneurs can be more fruitful. In this context, it is assumed that entrepreneurs undergo changes in personal values and identity due to changes in their personal and social situations. This research integrates nomothetic' (perspective of the general) and 'idiographic' (perspective of the particular) research methods. The techniques of data collection used are in-depth interviews, demographic data questionnaire, and Identity Structure Analysis. The data gathered were analysed using three different techniques namely quantitative and qualitative account analysis, statistical analysis using SPSS, and Identity Exploration (IDEX- IDIO and IDEX-NOMO) computer programs. The research reveals fifteen personal values common to Malay and Chinese entrepreneurs: 'personal independence, trustworthiness, a comfortable life, frugality, perseverance, hard work utilise and create opportunities, benevolence, versatility, fatalism, risk taking, self discipline, innovativeness, mutual obligation and reciprocity to family and kinship and high achievement'. The single personal value found specific to Malay entrepreneurs is 'religious piety'. On the other hand, the personal values revealed to be specific to Chinese entrepreneurs are 'sustaining growth and continuity as family business' and 'harmonious relationships with others'. The findings from this study show that there are similarities and differences in the identity structures between both groups of entrepreneurs. Most Malay and Chinese entrepreneurs have a high level of 'idealistic identification' with 'admired person', 'successful entrepreneur', and 'most Chinese entrepreneurs'. Chinese entrepreneurs sampled in this study have a 'moderate' level of 'idealistic identification' with Malay entrepreneurs. Malay entrepreneurs have a 'moderate' level of 'idealistic identification' with their 'father' whereas Chinese entrepreneurs' identification can be considered 'high'. Both groups of entrepreneurs have high self-confidence with regard to their roles as 'an entrepreneur', 'as a husband', and 'as a Malay/ Chinese'. This research has made considerable contribution to knowledge specifically in the field of entrepreneurial studies. This empirical research into personal values of entrepreneurs in general and in particular the linkage with entrepreneur's identity and role expectations broadened the psychological perspective of entrepreneurs. It is reasonable to qualify this research as one of the very few studies into personal values and identity structures of entrepreneurs. More specifically this is the first empirical research not only to compare personal values and identity of Malay and Chinese entrepreneurs but also Malay entrepreneurs in general. The study of personal values and identity of entrepreneurs is still in its infancy. Therefore, further research should be conducted to enrich existing knowledge in this area.
14
Liebnitzky, Jan. „Moral Disengagement in media and Moral Identity activation: their interactive effect on support of war“. Master's thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-164902.
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People can disengage from their internalized moral standards and self-regulation in order to perform immoral behaviour by using different Moral Disengagement mechanisms. These mechanisms within media have a positive effect on immoral behaviour. However, Moral Identity activation is said to counter arguments of Moral Disengagement. In this study, both concepts are applied to the context of war. An additional assumption took into account in how far participants’ internalized moral standards consider war as immoral. This is important since Moral Identity and Moral Disengagement are based on internalized moral standards. To test the hypotheses, this study employed a 2 x 2 RO between-subjects factorial design. The trait variable called Moral Consideration of War was supposed to reflect participants’ internalized moral standards with regard to war. It was used to operationalize the additional assumption. Factor 1 varied the activation of Moral Identity (Moral Identity activation versus control group) and factor 2 varied the depiction of the war scenario (Permissive Scenario versus Prohibitive Scenario). Scenarios were fictive newspaper articles. A Permissive Scenario comprised a higher number of arguments based on Moral Disengagement mechanisms than a Prohibitive Scenario. Main outcome measures were the support of war and war-related Moral Disengagement (questionnaire). In total 86 participants (f=45, m=41) were randomized into four cells and completed the online experiment. The Permissive Scenario failed to increase support of war and Moral Disengagement (questionnaire), on the assumption that war is considered immoral. Moral Identity activation had a negative effect on Moral Disengagement only on the assumption that war was considered moral. Moral Identity activation had no significant effect on support of war, on the premise that war was considered immoral. The interaction term of Moral Identity activation and Permissive Scenario had no significant effect neither on support of war nor on Moral Disengagement, no matter if additional assumption was taken into account or not. Results are discussed with regard to methodological limitations measuring internalized moral standards. Their measurement implied already individual Moral Disengagement. Interaction effect failed, supposedly because Moral Identity activation was not specifically targeted at immoral behaviour and because mediating effects of Moral Identity centrality were not consideredDie Mechanismen der Moralischen Entkopplung lösen das Selbst von internalisierten moralischen Standards und verhindern damit die Selbstregulierung des moralischen Verhaltens. Diese Mechanismen kommen auch in Medien vor und tragen zu unmoralischem Verhalten bei. Die Aktivierung der Moralischen Identität wirkt jedoch den Mechanismen der Moralischen Entkopplung entgegen. In dieser Studie werden beide Konzepte auf das Thema Krieg übertragen. Dabei ist wichtig zu beachten, dass internalisierte moralische Standards Krieg als unmoralisch bewerten. Schließlich basieren sowohl Moralische Entkopplung als auch die Aktivierung der Moralischen Identität auf dieser zusätzlichen Annahme. Zur Überprüfung der Hypothesen wurde ein 2 x 2 RO Between-Subjects Design verwendet. Faktor 1 variierte die Aktivierung von Moralischer Identität (Aktivierung Moralische Identität versus Kontrollgruppe). Faktor 2 variierte die Permissivität eines Kriegsszenarios in einem Zeitungsartikel (Permissives Szenario versus Prohibitives Szenario). Dabei wurde Permissivität hinsichtlich der Anzahl der Moralischen Entkopplungsmechanismen operationalisiert (Viele versus Wenig). Als Organismusvariable ist die Moralische Bewertung von Krieg zur Überprüfung der zusätzlichen Annahme notwendig gewesen. Abhängige Variablen waren die Unterstützung von Krieg und Moralische Entkopplung (Fragebogen). Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer (N=86, f=45, m=41) des online Experiments wurden in vier verschiedene Versuchsbedingungen randomisiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass die Permissivität des Kriegsszenarios keinen Effekt auf Moralische Entkopplung (Fragebogen) oder die Unterstützung von Krieg hatte, unter Berücksichtigung der Zusatzannahme. Moralische Identitätsaktivierung verringerte Moralische Entkopplung (Fragebogen) aber nur unter der Bedingung, dass Krieg als moralisch bewertet wurde. Moralische Entkopplung hatte keinen Effekt auf die Unterstützung von Krieg, unter Berücksichtigung der Zusatzannahme. Die Interaktion von Moralischer Identitätsaktivierung mit der Permissivität des Kriegsszenarios war nicht signifikant, unabhängig davon ob die Zusatzannahme berücksichtigt wurde oder nicht. Die Ergebnisse werden in Bezug auf die methodischen Probleme bei der Messung internalisierter moralischer Standards diskutiert. Es fanden vermutlich Prozesse der Moralischen Entkopplung bereits während der Messung dieser Standards statt. Der fehlende Interaktionseffekt kann an der schwachen und unspezifischen Aktivierung der Moralischen Identität liegen, sowie nicht berücksichtigter Mediatoren, wie z.B. die Zentralität von Moralischer Identität
15
Kingsford, Jessica Mary. „The emergence of moral identity in middle childhood and the concomitant development of moral shame“. Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/19934.
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In recent decades moral identity has been examined as a possible explanatory construct for the question of what motivates moral behaviour. Moral identity is defined as the extent to which a person considers moral concerns to be central and important to their subjective sense of who they are. The developmental nature of this construct, however, remains poorly understood. In the present thesis, a critical review of the current developmental model is undertaken, and an alternative model is proposed, in which moral identity first emerges during middle childhood, not in early childhood and well before adolescence. Three studies are presented which examine the proposition that moral identity first emerges during middle childhood, and furthermore, that the capacity to experience, recognise and attribute moral shame also develops during this period as a consequence of an emerging moral identity. In Study One, middle childhood aged participants were found to be more likely to attribute shame to protagonists under moral identity failure story conditions than their younger counterparts. In Study Two, under conditions of unobserved moral identity failure, older participants tended to attribute guilt or shame while younger participants tended to attribute fear or happiness to protagonists. In Study Three, middle childhood aged participants were more likely to attribute shame under conditions entailing either moral or physical identity failure while younger participants were more likely to attribute other emotions. Taken together, results from the three studies lend support to the two major hypotheses of the present thesis, namely that moral identity first begins to emerge during middle childhood (i.e. around 8yrs) and that a liability to shame - and therefore the capacity to experience, recognise and attribute shame - also develops during this period as a consequence of an emerging moral identity. Implications of this research and directions for future research are discussed.
16
Lenihan, Donald G. „Freedom and belonging: An essay on liberal moral identity“. Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6498.
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Pretorius, Jacqueline. „Investigating moral identity in child-headed households / J. Pretorius“. Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9821.
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The development of a moral identity has been closely linked with parental care. Within the HIV/Aids context, concern about the moral actions of South Africans inspired an investigation into the Gestalt field of Zulu child-headed households, as the lack of adequate parental care threatens the development of moral identity in these households. As substitute parents, the adolescents in the Zulu child-headed households are responsible for enhancing moral identity in their siblings while their own moral identity is still developing. Since moral identity development occurs within their field of living experience, an investigation of the field of Zulu child-headed households was conducted in order to identify the aspects that can be utilised to develop a model that will empower the heads of the Zulu child-headed households to enhance moral identity development within their households. This was based on the Gestalt theoretical paradigm.
The Gestalt theory accepts that people are part of their environments or “field”, and that the meaning of existence of the individuals in the Zulu child-headed households has no meaning outside the context of their environments with which they form a unified interactive whole through their mutually interactive forces. A mixed-methods approach was used to investigate the Gestalt field of 60 adolescents in Zulu child-headed households in the Mkhondo municipal area. The exploration of the Gestalt fields of the adolescents was described in four articles and the aspects that can be used to develop the model were identified in the conclusions and recommendations section of the manuscript.
The aim of the first article was to investigate the aspects of the field of Zulu child-headed households in the Mkhondo municipal area relating to their subjective reality of the kinship support and associated needs they experienced within their dual roles as members of the Zulu child-headed households and substitute parents. Perceptions of what the adolescent heads in Zulu child-headed households viewed as helping their siblings become „good people‟ were investigated in the second article. The aim of the third article was to explore whether ethnic membership is one of the core constructs in moral identity development of adolescents in Zulu child-headed households, as ethnic identity in the Zulu culture is strongly integrated with a moral identity. The fourth article investigated the figuration of moral identity in the field of these adolescents, by comparing moral variants to various other characteristics of their field.
The aspects of the Gestalt field that had been identified as useful for the development of the model revolved around three main themes, namely: associated with the usefulness of the school environment; overlapping Eurocentric and Afrocentric characteristics of identity;, and helper characteristics.
Recommendations were made about aspects that could enhance the practical value of policy decisions based on facilitating awareness of various aspects of moral identity development; adjustments in the life orientation curriculum; and expanding the role of support staff in schools.Thesis (PhD (Nursing))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
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Wilson, Alan Thomas. „On the nature and identity of the moral virtues“. Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21095.
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The concept of virtue is a vital one for many current debates within philosophy. In particular, both virtue ethics and virtue epistemology have come to be viewed as legitimate contenders within their respective domains. The task of virtue theory – of giving an account of the virtues – is therefore an especially pressing one. If we do not have a satisfactory account of the virtues, then we will be unable to evaluate those virtue-centric approaches that have come to be accepted as legitimate contenders within both ethics and epistemology. This thesis focuses on the moral virtues and addresses two related issues. The first issue to be addressed concerns the nature of the moral virtues (or what the virtues are). I discuss three different positions on this issue: the skills model (on which a virtue is a type of skill); the composite model (on which a virtue is a combination of skill plus a characteristic motivation); and the motivations model (on which a virtue is a particular type of motivation). A chapter is devoted to each of these three models, explaining the reasons in favour of endorsing each account before then considering objections. I provide support for the motivations model by first arguing against both the skills and composite models (in Chapters One and Two). I then defend the motivations model against serious objections (in Chapters Three and Four). My aim is to demonstrate that the motivations model is a legitimate contender in this debate, and a live option for those working in virtue theory. The second issue to be addressed concerns the identity of the moral virtues (or which traits ought to be included on a list of moral virtues). I evaluate (in Chapter Five) three different approaches to identifying the moral virtues, before suggesting that we ought to consider a view whereby kindness and justice are taken to be fundamentally virtuous traits. I then (in Chapter Six) explain and defend this suggestion, by proposing a cardinal understanding of the moral virtues. I argue that this understanding is able to provide plausible accounts of specific virtuous traits, in addition to providing solutions to problems currently facing all virtue theorists. There is good reason to accept a cardinal understanding of virtue that identifies kindness and justice as the fundamental moral virtues.
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Kwee, Janelle L. Nelson. „Identity and moral reasoning among street girls in Bolivia“. Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2005. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p088-0142.
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Liang, Jieyi. „Cultural and Gender Experiences, Entrepreneurial Identity and Business Endeavours of Chinese Immigrant Entrepreneurs“. Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40614.
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Existing studies on the relationship between culture, gender and entrepreneurial identity of immigrant entrepreneurs have tended to focus exclusively on women. I set out to understand how Chinese immigrant men and women entrepreneurs construct their entrepreneurial identities based on cultural and gendered experiences. I asked: How do Chinese immigrant men and women entrepreneurs construct entrepreneurial identities based on their cultural and gender experiences? How are these experiences related to entrepreneurial endeavours and views of entrepreneurial success? Through a qualitative study of 20 in-depth interviews with 10 men and 10 women, I explored similarities and differences within and between the two groups. The findings show that both men and women narrated entrepreneurial identities as coming from nothing, reflecting the notion of “zero mindset” proposed in the literature. My study contributes by connecting coming-from-nothing to entrepreneurial endeavours and perceptions of success. I also show that there is a spectrum of cultural identities ranging from identifying strongly as Chinese to identifying as Chinese Canadian, and that positioning on this spectrum can influence business endeavours. The study also contributes by presenting a direct comparison between men and women immigrant entrepreneurs from the same home and host countries. It does so by showing that: women associated with the idea of “learning entrepreneurship”, whereas men associated with the concept of innately “being entrepreneur”; women tended to prioritize the gender role of mother and wife over the entrepreneurial role and to define success as stability in the business and balance between work and family, more so than men did.
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Graham, Danielle N. „Athletic Identity and Moral Development: An Examination of NCAA Division I Athletes and Their Moral Foundations“. Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright149564552364006.
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Matheson, Benjamin David. „Personal identity and manipulation arguments“. Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/personal-identity-and-manipulation-arguments(2eccddac-c2a0-4f06-91d1-c57a8fb9b24a).html.
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In this thesis, I defend compatibilism from all manipulation arguments. Manipulation arguments are supported by control cases. These cases purport to be counter-examples to all plausible current compatibilist conditions on moral responsibility. Some compatibilists – historicists – have argued that manipulation arguments can be undermined by endorsing the view that an individual’s moral responsibility for her actions is, in some sense, sensitive to her history. In Part One, I first argue that historicism is without motivation and is untenable. I then sketch a form of compatibilism – the structural-narrative view. This view differs from standard compatibilist accounts because it not only makes clear the synchronic ‘ownership’ (the free will or control condition), but also the diachronic ‘ownership’ conditions (normally taken to be personal identity) on moral responsibility. Both conditions have a narrative component, which I draw from narrative views of personal identity. These conditions insulate my structural-narrative from the manipulation arguments that motivate historicism, thereby providing compatibilists with a tenable alternative to historicism. In Part Two, I argue that the remaining manipulation arguments do not show that compatibilism is false. I first clarify the structure of manipulation arguments. In particular I argue that compatibilists ought to focus their efforts on showing that the control cases that support manipulation arguments are not in fact counter-examples to the compatibilist conditions on moral responsibility. I then distinguish two types of control case: threatening and unthreatening. I argue that the remaining threatening control cases only seem to be counter-examples because of ambiguities in their descriptions that result in us misidentifying the locus of moral responsibility in those cases; once these ambiguities are clarified, the non-responsibility judgement elicited by those cases soon dissipates. I then present three related to arguments to support the claim that unthreatening cases are not counter-examples the compatibilist conditions on moral responsibility; hence I conclude that manipulation arguments do not show that compatibilism is false.
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Forsey, K. Jane. „Interpretation, identity and moral realism, Taylor's ontology of the self“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0001/MQ28198.pdf.
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Lawler, Erin Casey. „"A Great Moral Heritage": The Creation of A Mormon Identity“. Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2010. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/96770.
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ReligionM.A.
The members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, commonly referred to as Mormons, function in the United States in a special way. Their collective identity seems to rely on a paradox. The Mormons appear to be on the margins of American society, operating as outsiders, while at the same time they exemplify model American citizens, and their religion seems utterly dependent on its American origins. By analyzing the environment in which Joseph Smith Jr. founded the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and how the Mormon identity was formed, I hope to explain how important this paradox was to the success of the Church.
Temple University--Theses
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Sonnentag, Tammy L. „Role of moral identity and moral courage characteristics in adolescents’ general and situation-specific expressions of the tendency to be a moral rebel“. Diss., Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18162.
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Doctor of PhilosophyDepartment of Psychological Sciences
Mark A. Barnett
The term “moral rebel” describes an individual who refuses to comply, stay silent, or conform to others when doing so would compromise his/her values (Monin, Sawyer, & Marquez, 2008). Preliminarily, this study examined the extent to which adolescents themselves, their peers, and their teachers agree in their ratings of adolescents’ general expressions of the tendency to be a moral rebel, tendencies to possess a moral identity (i.e., prioritize morality as an important part of identity), and tendencies to possess moral courage characteristics (i.e., qualities that motivate individuals to take action on their beliefs and values). As a theoretical and empirical extension of previous research (see Sonnentag & Barnett, 2013), the present study's primary purpose was to examine the interactive and independent roles of moral identity and moral courage characteristics in adolescents’ general and situation-specific (i.e., caring, just, and brave) expressions of the tendency to be a moral rebel. With regard to the interactive role of moral identity and moral courage characteristics, the present study examined (1) if relatively high levels of various general moral courage characteristics (i.e., Self-Esteem, [Low] Need to Belong, Self-Efficacy, Assertiveness, Social Vigilantism) encourage adolescents to act on their moral identities to display the general and situation-specific expressions of the tendency to be a moral rebel and (2) if relatively high levels of situation-specific moral courage characteristics (i.e., Empathic Concern, Justice Sensitivity, Willingness to Take Action in Physically Dangerous Situations) encourage adolescents to act on their moral identities to display the corresponding situation-specific (i.e., caring, just, and brave, respectively) expressions of the tendency to be a moral rebel. As predicted, results revealed significant positive correlations among the self-report, peer, and teacher ratings of adolescents' (1) general expressions of the tendency to be a moral rebel, (2) tendencies to possess a moral identity, and (3) tendencies to possess general moral courage characteristics. These significant positive inter-correlations emerged for the entire sample as well as for the male and female participants when they were considered separately. Contrary to prediction, moral identity (when considered independently and in combination with the general and situation-specific moral courage characteristics) did not consistently predict the general nor situation-specific expressions of the tendency to be a moral rebel. Furthermore, although the general moral courage characteristics did not consistently predict the adolescents’ caring, just, and brave expressions of the tendency to be a moral rebel, all of the indices of the adolescents' general moral courage characteristics (i.e., Self, Peer, and Teacher ratings; Self-Esteem, [Low] Need to Belong, Self-Efficacy, Assertiveness, Social Vigilantism) positively predicted the adolescents’ self-reported general tendency to be a moral rebel. Finally, two of the situation-specific moral courage characteristics (i.e., Empathic Concern and Willingness to Take Action in Physically Dangerous Situations) were found to be positively associated with the corresponding situation-specific (i.e., caring and brave, respectively) expressions of the tendency to be a moral rebel. The implications and limitations of the present findings, as well as directions for future research on the topic of moral rebelliousness in adolescents, are addressed
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Robinson, David Alan. „A phenomenological study of how South African entrepreneurs experience and deal with ethical dilemmas“. Thesis, Rhodes University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002791.
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This research sets out to examine how entrepreneurs experience and deal with ethical dilemmas. An entrepreneur is defined as a person who creates something of value and assumes the risk of establishing and managing a business around it. An ethical dilemma comes about when the entrepreneur must choose between alternatives and where the morally correct choice is unclear. This may be due to conflicting personal values or loyalties, tensions arising out of the realization that the moral action is not in line with his self-interest, cross-cultural conflict, or moral ambiguity. Because of the nature of entrepreneurship, the entrepreneur typically lives with ever-present threats arising from limited resources, competition, and the risk of business failure. His actions must simultaneously ensure survival, maximize profit, limit risk, counter threats, optimize the use of resources, and reward him with a feeling of satisfaction. It is hardly surprising that conflicting priorities sometimes ensue. It is also widely believed that these entrepreneurial pursuits supersede the more general need to act in morally appropriate ways. This is a phenomenological study, based on interviews with seven entrepreneurs in established service-oriented ventures. They were asked to describe their business, any dilemmas they have experienced, how they were handled, and what challenges they experience as entrepreneurs in South Africa today. Using phenomenology as my vehicle for data collection and analysis, I sought to enter the lived-worlds of my participants to discover the essence of how ethical dilemmas are experienced in the entrepreneurial milieu. The study’s findings reflect that each entrepreneur has a distinctive world-view, which is represented by a complex mosaic of virtue ethics, deontology, utilitarianism and metaethical perspectives. The permutations are numerous, thus negating the possibility of typecasting entrepreneurs. Instead this research introduces the reader to aspects of entrepreneurial reality such as the complexity of cultural diversity, the freedom to limit the amount of personal energy given to business, and the existence of a more sensitive, searching inner soul beneath the apparent hard-nosed business-oriented public image. While examining entrepreneurial dilemmas in depth, this research introduces the dilemma drum as a tool to portray the argument form of any dilemma by making explicit the ethical component inherent in every business decision and facilitating its effective resolution in a non-prescriptive way. The findings identify certain individual characteristics of participant entrepreneurs that are unlike anything in the mainstream literature, dispelling notions of the entrepreneur as a societal misfit, an essential innovator with vision and flair, or a compulsive risk-taker, while confirming success as the key motivator rather than money per se, the importance of significant others, and the influence of culture and gender. They provide fresh insights into the psyche of the entrepreneur, which include: the existence of inner conviction - marrying the concept of goal-directedness with that of making a contribution to society; exercising the virtues in order to support a delicate balance between business and ethical imperatives; learning to respect energy flow; an alternative morality based on attracting and allowing benevolent or serendipitous events to happen naturally and redefining success as ‘being able to create what is needed as and when needed’; focusing one’s energy on the telos; developing a personal marketing formula suited to a culturallydiverse society; and the anxiety associated with being out-there on one’s own. The general statement, which is ultimately distilled from the seven situated descriptions, introduces a theory of entrepreneurial ethics that presents a new and different view of the lived-world of entrepreneurship, consisting of: Firstly, the key components of entrepreneurial success – having clear goals, energy, making a contribution to society, being connected, getting others on board, and work as an extension of self; secondly, what drives entrepreneurs – goal-orientation, sense of personal excitement, inner conviction, autonomy, and external recognition of success; thirdly, the entrepreneurial ethic – concern for credibility, commitment to service, contributing to quality of life; fourthly, the nature of entrepreneurial dilemmas - conflicting responsibilities, authenticity and credibility, risk and expansion, and awareness of diversity; fifthly, how entrepreneurs deal with ethical issues in their own distinctive ways – by holding fast to authentic virtues, bowing to community expectations, avoiding friction, adopting a ‘come-what-may’ or ‘what’s in it for me’ attitude, or pursuing a higher purpose where both parties benefit; sixthly, entrepreneurs’ world -views – beliefs, goals, ways of deriving satisfaction, virtuous behaviour; pen-ultimately, the challenges facing entrepreneurs in South Africa – overcoming the legacies of apartheid, containing crime, fostering an acceptable business ethic, and facilitating reconciliation between ethnic groups; and lastly, finding the power within – that illusive entrepreneurial spirit – self-reliance, looking beyond immediate obstacles, grasping opportunities, and understanding serendipity.
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Davenport, Mischa Durham. „Deep Selves in Moral Responsibility: Challenging the Realist Assumption“. Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/20867.
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Deep selves, in one way or another, feature significantly within our folk-psychology and play a particularly central role in our moral responsibility practices. Our intuitions about others’ deep selves explain an otherwise complex pattern of responsibility attribution, with agents being held responsible for behaviour that in some way reflects the contents of their deep selves and getting off the hook for behaviour that doesn’t. Philosophers who have addressed the deep self concept directly have typically done so on the assumption that the object of these intuitions is a real thing - a natural psychological kind in the agents towards whom our deep self intuitions are directed. What I will put forward in this thesis is a challenge to this realist assumption and an alternative framing of the deep self as constituted by response-dependent properties. I begin by introducing the basic concepts: the deep self, attributability and a ‘Strawsonian reversal’ in the relationship between our reactive attitudes and the facts of moral responsibility. Chapter II is concerned with the principal philosophical accounts of the deep self and argues that none provides a viable account of response-independent properties capable of constituting the deep self as a natural kind. Chapter III is concerned with empirical investigations bearing both directly and indirectly on the deep self concept, proposing a cognitive account of deep self intuitions as products of our folk-psychology and causal reasoning. Chapter IV examines some of the practical implications of this model and presents arguments in favour of abandoning the realist assumption.
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Giddens, Thomas Philip. „Comics, crime, and the moral self : an interdisciplinary study of criminal identity“. Thesis, University of Exeter, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3622.
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An ethical understanding of responsibility should entail a richly qualitative comprehension of the links between embodied, unique individuals and their lived realities of behaviour. Criminal responsibility theory broadly adheres to ‘rational choice’ models of the moral self which subsume individuals’ emotionally embodied dimensions under the general direction of their rational will and abstracts their behaviour from corporeal reality. Linking individuals with their behaviour based only on such understandings of ‘rational choice’ and abstract descriptions of behaviour overlooks the phenomenological dimensions of that behaviour and thus its moral significance as a lived experience. To overcome this ethical shortcoming, engagement with the aesthetic as an alternative discourse can help articulate the ‘excessive’ nature of lived reality and its relationship with ‘orthodox’ knowledge; fittingly, the comics form involves interaction of rational, non-rational, linguistic, and non-linguistic dimensions, modelling the limits of conceptual thought in relation to complex reality. Rational choice is predicated upon a split between a contextually embedded self and an abstractly autonomous self. Analysis of the graphic novel Watchmen contends that prioritisation of rational autonomy over sensual experience is symptomatic of a ‘rational surface’ that turns away from the indeterminate ‘chaos’ of complex reality (the unstructured universe), instead maintaining the power of rational and linguistic concepts to order the world. This ‘rational surface’ is maintained by masking that which threatens its stability: the chaos of the infinite difference of living individuals. These epistemological foundations are reconfigured, via Watchmen, enabling engagement beyond the ‘rational surface’ by accepting the generative potential of this living chaos and calling for models of criminal identity that are ‘restless’, acknowledging the unique, shifting nature of individuals, and not tending towards ‘complete’ or stable concepts of the self-as-responsible. As part of the aesthetic methodology of this reconfiguration, a radical extension of legal theory’s analytical canon is developed.
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Graham, Jamey Elizabeth. „Character before the Novel: Representing Moral Identity in the Age of Shakespeare“. Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10250.
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This dissertation argues that the modern concept of literary character was an unintended consequence of Renaissance moral poetics. The evolution of "character" as a term of literary analysis, from the rediscovery of Aristotle's Poetics in sixteenth-century Italy to the establishment of modern English usage in the late seventeenth century, is the focus of the first half of my work. Aristotle invented a theory of mimetic realism whereby the representation of types of character renders transparent the moral ideology operative in a culture. By placing types into a plot revealing how they do or do not conduce to human flourishing, the Aristotelian poet engages in ideological critique. As I claim, Renaissance humanists revived the form of the Aristotelian character type yet looked to the ethics of Christian Neo-Platonism or Neo-Stoicism to ground any ideological critique. The result was an array of eclectic accounts of poetic character's relation to the political subject. Through close examinations of three authors in the second half of my work, I elucidate the internal tensions and creative opportunities posed by such accounts. Michel de Montaigne's statements concerning the representation of moral character in the Essais test various criticisms and partial recuperations of Stoic-Aristotelian epideixis. I argue that Montaigne eventually attaches to the humanist image of the inspired poet, because poetic inspiration provides a model of heuristic utterance that avoids the aggression of political factions in France. In a chapter devoted to Edmund Spenser's The Faerie Queene, I argue that the Neo-Platonic metaphysics taken for granted by Spenser in the "Letter to Raleigh" implies a more comprehensive hermeneutics of allegorical character than either the "Letter" or existing scholarship acknowledges. Interpreting Spenser's representations of the "morall vertues, as Aristotle hath devised" through the lens of this hermeneutics brings us closer to the experience of Spenser's contemporaries reading his poem. In my final chapter, I study William Shakespeare's thoughtful deployment of a Ciceronian model of exemplarity. I argue that in the character of Henry V, Shakespeare unmasks the ideology of patriotism and historical triumphalism shared by Cicero and the Tudor regime.
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Ghadiri, Djahanchah Philip. „Moral identity struggles in organizations : the case of a management consulting company“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608581.
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Arnold, Parker T. „Identities and Persistence of Family Farm Operators“. Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3305.
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This study focuses on the identities of family farm operators and the challenges to maintaining viable farm operations in today’s agricultural economy. Employing a grounded qualitative approach, the author conducted 18 in-depth interviews with principal farm operators from Iowa and Tennessee. Using the insights of farmers from geographically different agricultural regions, this study notes how preserving family histories, socialization processes, and farming as a moral career inform operators’ understandings of themselves and the work they do. The analysis also focuses on how family farm operators contend with a globalized agricultural economy and the moral and ethical concerns of managing a farm. Farm operators implement various tactics and framing mechanisms for resolving and, in some cases, circumventing these challenging issues in order to maintain their farms, identities, and family farm legacies.
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Furberg, Elisabeth. „Advance Directives and Personal Identity“. Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Filosofiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-80513.
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Advance directives are instructions given by patients – or potential patients – specifying what actions ought to be taken for their health in the event that they are no longer capable to make decisions due to illness or incapacity. Over the last decades, there has been a rising tide in favour of advance directives: not only is the use of such directives recommended by most medical and advisory bodies, they are also gaining increasing legal recognition in many parts of the world. This book, however, takes as its point of departure one of the most commonly discussed medical-ethical arguments against granting advance directives moral force: the Objection from Personal Identity. The adherers of this objection basically asserts that when there is lacking psychological continuity between the person who formulated the advance directive and the later patient to whom it supposedly applies, this seriously threatens the directive’s moral authority. And, further, that this is so because lacking sufficient psychological continuity implies that the author of the advance directive is numerically distinct from the later patient. Although this argument has some initial appeal, most philosophers in the advance directives debate maintain that the Objection from Personal Identity fails, but suggest different reasons as to why. Whereas some argue that the objection has no force because it rests on faulty beliefs about personal identity, others argue that we ought to grant advance directives moral authority even if the author and the later patient are numerically distinct beings. This book investigates some of the most influential of these arguments and reaches the conclusion that the Objection from Personal Identity has more to it than is usually recognized in the medical-ethical debate. Lacking sufficient psychological continuity between author and later patient, it is concluded, does threaten the moral authority of the advance directive.
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Zhao, Kang. „Identity, lifelong learning and narrative : a theoretical investigation“. Thesis, University of Exeter, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/39781.
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In post-traditional societies, identity has been pervasively understood as a ‘thing’ one needs to and can endeavour to achieve or create. Many studies about identity in the humanities and social sciences have increasingly been approached in both reified and impersonal ways. These trends in understanding identity have made a significant impact on research into education and identity. This thesis aims to demonstrate the complexity of personal identity on a theoretical level and endeavours to rethink the theoretical understanding of personal identity in relation to the notion of learning. Based on Paul Ricoeur and Charles Taylor’s theories of personal identity, this thesis argues that personal identity needs to be understood both as sameness and as selfhood at a conceptual level. Ontologically, the former belongs to the category of ‘thing’, ‘substance’ in terms of permanence in time. The latter belongs the category of ‘being’ in terms of permanence in time. This thesis will argue that this conceptual understanding of personal identity suggests that identity is largely ‘shaped’ by social, cultural, traditional, moral and ethical dimensions in the human world over time, rather than merely being a result of personal endeavour as an individual creation or/and an adaptation to constant social changes. The moral and ethical dimensions of personal identity also suggest that the need for and ‘meaning’ of personal identity to a person in his/her life cannot be simply approached in an objective manner through impersonal terms. Rather, personal identity constitutively depends on self-interpretation, which highlights the role of narrative in understanding personal identity. This thesis further argues that a new understanding about reflexive learning relevant to personal identity can be drawn from this theoretical understanding of personal identity and narrative. This new understanding is based on a person’s reflexivity not only in the dialectical frameworks between sameness, self and others, but also in different moral frameworks. What this presents us with is a different view of lifelong learning as an alternative to lifelong learning implied in the notion of a ‘reflexive project of the self’.
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Matherne, Curtis Francis. „The relationship between moral identity congruence and extra-role behaviors in organizational settings“. Diss., Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2009. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-04132009-085936.
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Brindley, Nicholas. „The gender of ethics : sexual and moral identity in Rousseau, Freud, and Kierkegaard“. Thesis, University of Warwick, 1993. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/59606/.
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This thesis argues that questions of ethical life, moral identity, and gender are inextricably involved, and that an appropriate conception of each is necessary for the thinking of the others. In particular it seeks to demonstrate that the way in which freedom is conceived in its relation to moral identity and ethical life has profound implications for the thought of gender relations. It is further argued that the writings of Kierkegaard open up a way of relating freedom and the finite that offers the possibility of re-thinking gender. The writings of Rousseau and of Freud are examined to show the interdependence of their philosophical anthropology and the systematic subordination and exclusion of women that operates in each of them. In each case it is shown that, despite the very different, and even opposed ways that they construe the nature of moral identity and its relation to ethical life, a parallel gender polarity is at work. In Rousseau male moral identity rests on independence from society and infinite, excessive freedom. This is brought into relation to the mundane world of ethical life through gender. Women are denied independence and moral identity and made responsible for social being. Their subordination is such that dependence on them does not destroy the integrity of men. The crisis of this unstable structure is demonstrated through a reading of Rousseau's novel La Nouvelle Heloise, the death of whose heroine is shown to be the moment of collapse of the Rousseauean synthesis. In Freud moral identity is achieved through the identification of the self with social authority. The finite freedom that can be thought in psychoanalysis rests on a fusion of ethical and moral life. The "depersonalisation" of the super-ego is the road to liberation. Through the gendered experience of the Oedipal drama this path can only be taken by men. Woman are again exclude from moral identity, being allowed only a "masochistic" relation to the Law. The crisis of this structure is found in the notion of the "archaic heritage", which it is argued, represents a collapse of Freudian thought. Finally both Freud and Rousseau are brought into relation with the psychological writings of Kierkegaard, whose distinctive notion of freedom and faith is held to address the limitations of both sets of writing. Infinite freedom is made to co-exist with finitude. The implications of these writings for the thought of gender is briefly explored through other of the writings of Kierkegaard.
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Conroy, Dene. „The development of a practical moral identity in Seneca's Epistulae morales 1-29“. Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52512.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In the Epistulae Morales Seneca presents his moral philosophy. Scholars such as Hadot, Mans and Smuts have studied Seneca's moral philosophy in the Epistulae Morales. The question is, how does Seneca present and develop his moral philosophy in the Epistulae Morales, i.e. what literary technique does he use? Scholars have pointed out that Seneca's use of the epistolary form is an integral part of this literary technique. The epistolary form was an ideal medium for conveying his moral philosophy: "[Seneca] presented himself as a spiritual guide, and for that purpose he made use of the literary form of letters ... In this form Seneca was able to give a detailed presentation of the course of moral education" (Misch 1950:419). The more specific question is thus: how does Seneca use the epistolary form to present and develop his moral philosophy in the Epistulae Morales? In order to answer how Seneca employs the epistolary form, it is necessary to understand what Seneca's goal was with the Epistulae Morales. I suggest that the goal of Seneca's moral philosophy in the Epistulae Morales is the development of a practical moral identity. Seneca's choice of the letter as the form of his philosophical discussion enabled him to create certain fictional personae. The three main personae of the Epistulae Morales are the Ideal Persona (the embodiment of Seneca's moral philosophy), the persona Seneca and the persona Lucilius. These personae demonstrate the phases of moral progress. The Ideal Persona is the ideal, which the personae Seneca and Lucilius must strive towards becoming. The persona Seneca acts in the role of the mentor, advising the persona Lucilius on how to achieve this ideal, but he is himself still struggling towards it. The persona Lucilius is just beginning to walk the road of moral progress at the beginning of the Epistulae Morales. The phases of moral progress, which are enacted by the three personae, are also the phases of the development of a practical moral identity. The practical moral identity should thus be viewed both as a goal and as a process in the letters. Epistulae Morales 1-29 form a separate whole, as scholars have pointed out. These letters also supply sufficient evidence of Seneca's literary technique of developing a practical moral identity in the Epistulae Morales. A close reading of Epistulae Morales 1-29 in Chapter 2 analyses this literary technique. Chapter 3 involves a systematic exposition of the practical moral identity in terms of certain themes. The themes represent the main aspects of moral development, i.e. the main aspects of the development of a practical moral identity in Epistulae Morales 1-29.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In die Epistulae Morales bied Seneca sy morele filosofie aan. Vakkundiges soos Hadot, Mans en Smuts het Seneca se morele filosofie in die Epistulae Morales bestudeer. Die vraag is egter, hoe ontwikkel Seneca sy morele filosofie in die Epistulae Morales, m.a.w watter literêre tegniek gebruik hy? Vakkundiges het daarop gedui dat Seneca se gebruik van die briefvorm 'n integrale deel van hierdie literêre tegniek uitmaak. Die briefvorm was 'n ideale medium om sy morele filosofie weer te gee: "[Seneca] presented himself as a spiritual guide, and for that purpose he made use of the literary form of letters ... In this form Seneca was able to give a detailed presentation of the course of moral education" (Misch 1950:419). Die meer spesifieke vraag is dus: hoe gebruik Seneca die briefvorm om sy morele filosofie in die Epistulae Morales te ontwikkel? Om hierdie vraag te beantwoord, is dit nodig om te verstaan wat Seneca se doel met die Epistulae Morales was. Ek stel voor dat Seneca die ontwikkeling van 'n praktiese morele identiteit ten doel gehad het. Seneca se gebruik van die briefvorm het hom in staat gestel om sekere fiktiewe personae te skep. Die drie hoof personae van die Epistulae Morales is die Ideale Persona (die verpersoonliking van Seneca se morele filosofie), die persona Seneca en die persona Lucilius. Hierdie personae verteenwoordig die fases van morele ontwikkeling. Die Ideale Persona is die ideaal, wat Seneca en Lucilius moet nastreef. Seneca speel die rol van mentor. Hy gee Lucilius raad oor hoe om hierdie ideaal te verwesenlik, maar hyself streef ook daarna. Die Epistulae Morales open met Lucilius aan die begin van sy morele ontwikkeling. Die fases van morele ontwikkeling wat deur die drie personae opgevoer word is ook die fases van die ontwikkeling van 'n praktiese morele identiteit. Die praktiese morele identiteit moet gesien word as beide 'n doel en 'n proses in die briewe. Epistulae Morales 1-29 vorm 'n afsonderlike geheel, soos deur vakkundiges uitgewys is. Hierdie briewe verskaf voldoende bewys vir die literêre tegniek waarmee die praktiese morele identiteit in die Epistulae Morales geskep word. 'n Gedetailleerde analise van Epistulae Morales 1-29 in Hoofstuk 2 analiseer hierdie literêre tegniek. Hoofstuk 3 gee 'n sistematiese uiteensetting van die praktiese morele identiteit in terme van sekere temas. Die temas verteenwoordig die hoof aspekte van morele ontwikkeling, m.a.w. die hoof aspekte van die ontwikkeling van 'n praktiese morele identiteit in Epistulae Morales 1-29.
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Hiscock, Julia. „Informal interactions about health : connectedness, surveillance and the construction of a moral identity“. Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/informal-interactions-about-health-connectedness-surveillance-and-the-construction-of-a-moral-identity(c2a7d269-920d-4cab-b324-d6f693bb6a54).html.
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This thesis is about the informal interactions about health that take place between friends and family. An important distinction of this study is that these connections are conceptualised as interactions rather than as helping, caring or support and so, as well as larger scale help, the study is also concerned with conversations about health and small-scale, fleeting or incidental interactions about health. It is argued that only by combining all of these types of interactions is it possible to begin to understand broader issues of sociological importance about the ways that people relate to one another, and how a seemingly personal task such as managing and maintaining one‟s health becomes enmeshed with the input from and connections with other people.Drawing on literature from both the sociology of health and illness and the sociology of personal life, the thesis analyses the way that people present moral narratives of their informal interactions about health and engage with the moral meaning of these health interactions, whether as part of a moral project of the self, an obligation to follow moral norms or out of a sense of moral emotion. It engages theoretically with the individualization and connectedness theses and asks whether health interactions challenge the individualization thesis.An interpretive approach was taken and 25 qualitative interviews were conducted with a sample of people with either heart disease or mild to moderate mental health problems.Examples of a range of health interactions were identified, which included practical, emotional and advice giving interactions. These were often gendered, not always welcomed or positive, and often involved monitoring, surveillance or governmentality. Health interactions were found to be more than a simple transfer of assistance, and relational dynamics going on within the interactions were discovered and discussed.Moral narratives were also identified, where people used health interactions in a number of different ways to construct a moral identity and as part of a moral project of the self. However, the data do not entirely support the notion that health interactions were moral narratives or served the function of identity building, as there were also clear examples of people engaging in health interactions out of a sense of genuine care and because it mattered to them to do so. This moral concern or moral emotion influenced and underpinned many of the health interactions explored in this thesis.
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Long, David Glyn. „Hume and Buddhism a comparative study of personal identity, skepticism, and moral sentiments /“. Diss., UC access only, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=81&did=1871875171&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=7&retrieveGroup=0&VType=PQD&VInst=PROD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1270232796&clientId=48051.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Riverside, 2009.Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 247-252). Issued in print and online. Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations.
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Brady, Benjamin R. „Moral Identification: An Alternative Approach to Framing Second-generation Immigrants' Ethnic Identity Ambivalence“. BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2276.
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Contemporary sociological research on second-generation immigrants living in the United States is lined with questions of ethnic inclusion and transnational participation. Many scholars are interested in how the children of immigrants relate to their parents' ethnic identity while being raised in a new land. Noting that the majority of scholars in this field approach ethnic identity within a social constructionist perspective, in this study I explore the ways that identity ambivalence and ethnic belonging are framed. Specifically, I critically question the ways that an ethnic identity is assumed to be valued and asserted in a constructionist model. After presenting a traditional view of the social construction of ethnic identity, primarily from the work of Stephen Cornell and Douglas Hartmann (2007), I draw out ways that self and identity are framed and highlight key assumptions of an uncommitted self and identity as an objective construction. I trace these assumptions through second-generation immigration literature and critically question how individuals can be shown to experience ambivalence or value an identity if they are conceptually framed as selves who stand apart from their ethnic identity constructions. To better appreciate their ambivalence and convincingly illustrate that one identity matters above another, as a claim for ambivalence inherently assumes, I argue that second-generation immigrants must be understood as strong evaluating, moral selves and the ethnic identities they embody as moral narratives which underlie their self-constitution. In advancing this argument, I look outside of sociology to the work of Charles Taylor (1989) and Charles Guignon (2004) who articulate a view of moral, committed selves. Building from these authors' work, I present moral identification as an alternative framework for understanding ethnic identity. In this moral approach, I delineate the concepts of valuation and moral identification and present them in a framework of identity authenticity and social accountability.
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Riekie, Helen Mary. „Student wellbeing, resilience and moral identity: Does the school climate have an impact?“ Thesis, Curtin University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1366.
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The overarching aim of this study was to examine the impact of school climate on students’ wellbeing, resilience and moral identity. Two questionnaires, one to assess school climate and another to assess the three outcomes, were administered to a sample of 618 students from 15 South Australian independent schools. The hypothesised relationships were investigated using structural equation modelling. The results could guide schools in building environments that engender positive, resilient citizens with strong moral identities.
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Hurst, Kristin Frances. „Identity, Intergroup Relationships, and Environmental Conflict“. Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/89333.
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This dissertation explores strategies for addressing identity-related barriers to environmental problem-solving through the lens of two social-psychological theories: self-affirmation theory and moral foundations theory. Through one theoretical review, two online experiments and one in-lab experiment I explore, integrate and test theoretically grounded strategies for reducing the defensive information processing that can exacerbate intergroup divisions in multi-stakeholder settings. The specific objectives of this dissertation are to 1) integrate self-affirmation theory and moral foundations theory into the current knowledge about collaborative conservation (Chapter 2), 2) evaluate ways of tailoring environmental communication to better reach socially and politically diverse audiences (Chapter 3), and 3) experimentally test the effectiveness of an approach, based on self-affirmation theory, to facilitate productive discussion of complex, value-laden issues in group settings. Before presenting the results of this work, I provide a broad overview of the problem of group-based divisions in environmental conflict and the theoretical underpinnings of the dissertation (Chapter 1). Finally, I summarize the results and discuss the broader implications of the research (Chapter 5). The results of this research offer initial insights into how tools grounded in these theories can most effectively be applied to help alleviate identity-based barriers to environmental problem-solving.Doctor of Philosophy
This dissertation explores strategies for addressing identity-related barriers to environmental problem-solving through the lens of two social-psychological theories: self-affirmation theory and moral foundations theory. Through one theoretical review, two online experiments and one in-lab experiment I explore, integrate and test theoretically grounded strategies for reducing the defensive information processing that can exacerbate intergroup divisions in multi-stakeholder settings. The specific objectives of this dissertation are to 1) integrate self-affirmation theory and moral foundations theory into the current knowledge about collaborative conservation (Chapter 2), 2) evaluate ways of tailoring environmental communication to better reach socially and politically diverse audiences (Chapter 3), and 3) experimentally test the effectiveness of an approach, based on self-affirmation theory, to facilitate productive discussion of complex, value-laden issues in group settings. Before presenting the results of this work, I provide a broad overview of the problem of group-based divisions in environmental conflict and the theoretical underpinnings of the dissertation (Chapter 1). Finally, I summarize the results and discuss the broader implications of the research (Chapter 5). The results of this research offer initial insights into how tools grounded in these theories can most effectively be applied to help alleviate identity-based barriers to environmental problem-solving.
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Froese, Brian Michael Driedger. „From chickens to condos Mennonite immigrant entrepreneurs and ethno-religious identity in the Fraser Valley, 1928-1988 /“. Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1997. http://www.tren.com.
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Eriksen, Eva von Hirsch. „Reproducing moral agents : the concept of human nature in an Orthodox Jewish community“. Thesis, Durham University, 1993. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1563/.
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Tinker, Claire. „State funded Muslim schools? : equality, identity and community in multifaith Britain“. Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2006. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10936/.
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In this thesis I explore the debate over the state funding of Muslim schools in Britain, examining the arguments used for and against by the stakeholders involved. Qualitative interviews were conducted with head teachers, politicians, Muslim parents and representatives from a number of stakeholder organisations, to identify their reasons for supporting or opposing state funded Muslim schools. This research is necessary because until now the opinions of those directly involved have not been systematically researched, resulting in assumptions and generalisations about their views. Muslim schooling has become an increasingly fractious and polarised issue, and only by analysing the actual arguments used by those directly involved can we gain insight into the complexities underlying this debate. This data also allows me to explore how the issue of Muslim schooling relates to broader sociological questions about the rights, responsibilities and forms of belonging appropriate for minority communities in multicultural societies. In the findings I begin by reporting that the main arguments used in favour of state funded Muslim schools were equal rights, a better society, strengthened identity and educational benefits. I then move on to question why, given these strong favourable arguments, so few Muslim schools are currently in receipt of state funding. I ask whether this is due, at least in part, to Islamophobia. I then utilise models of political philosophy to evaluate the arguments surrounding state funded Muslim schools, and find that discourses of equality, social cohesion and identity are employed by both opponents and proponents. It is therefore possible to argue either for or against the state funding of Muslim schools from a liberal, a communitarian or a multiculturalist perspective. Finally I assess alternative solutions to the educational difficulties faced by Muslims in Britain, and conclude with my opinion about whether there should be state funded Muslim schools.
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Alqahtani, Azizah. „The effect of psychological factors on morality : the role of culture and moral foundations“. Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/11815.
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The main aim of this PhD research was to explore the cultural differences in moral judgment, moral behaviour, moral identity, and cultural values between Saudi Arabia and United Kingdom. Furthermore, I was interested in the psychological factors affecting morality in those two cultures. The first study aimed to achieve the following objectives: to understand people’s moral judgment in Saudi Arabia and the UK, to investigate whether and how personality traits and cultural values affect moral judgment in five moral foundations (harm avoidance, justice, ingroup, authority, purity), and to investigate whether personality traits and cultural values are related differently or similarly across Saudi and UK cultures. The findings of the study revealed that Saudi and British participants differed with regard to their foundation-specific moral judgments. Saudi participants were more likely to endorse moral foundations in the domains of intergroup relations, authority, and purity. However, there were no cross-cultural differences in the domains of harm avoidance and justice. Moreover, the results showed that the effect of personality traits and cultural values on morality varied. Harm and fairness foundations were predicted by personality traits while ingroup, authority, purity foundations were predicted by values. The second study investigated whether foundation-related moral behaviour was affected by moral judgment and people’s moral identity in a cross-cultural context comparing adults from the UK and Saudi Arabia. Findings of this study resulted in no cross-cultural differences between the two samples concerning moral judgment in the care and justice foundations. Furthermore, no cultural differences were found between the two samples concerning moral behaviour in the five foundations. In addition, moral identity mediated the relationship between moral judgment and allocations in the dictator game. The third study investigated the relationship between (dis-) honest behaviour, moral judgment and moral identity in two different cultures, namely Saudi Arabia and the UK. It has been found that there are no statistically significant differences in honest behaviour between Saudi Arabia and the UK. Furthermore, deception was not predicted or correlated significantly with any of the five foundation-specific moral judgments across both cultural samples. However, culture moderated the relationship between deception and moral judgment in harm and authority moral foundations. Additionally, moral sensitivity did not mediate the relationship between moral judgments and dishonesty. The forth study explored the link between moral foundation violations (harm, justice, ingroup, authority, and purity) and anger, disgust, sadness, apathy, guilt, contempt, shame, resentment, and embarrassment emotions. Findings showed that the violations of harm, and justice foundations triggered anger and Violations of purity foundation triggered disgust. The results show no cultural differences in the assignments of the violations made by both samples. Saudi and UK participants’ classifications were in agreement with the original classifications of the 40 violations by Graham et al. (2009). However, we found cross-cultural differences in the relationship between emotions and moral foundation violations.
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Valencia, Alina. „Construction of identity of entrepreneur: implications for training“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669723.
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Actualmente la inestabilidad de la inversión en cosas materiales se hace evidente, la atención ha pasado a centrarse en el capital humano - las personas que crean y desarrollan negocios. Esta investigación propone un estudio profundo de la construcción y cambios de identidad de los emprendedores en base al análisis de su perfil personal y profesional y la influencia de incidentes críticos, siguiendo la “Dialogical Self Theory” lo que contribuirá a aumentar la calidad de vida de los empresarios y la eficacia en sus negocios. Proponemos utilizar una metodología basada en el estudio profundo de la identidad de los empresarios identificando sus “I-positions” en función de sus conceptos y estrategias para enfrentar diferentes incidentes críticos con un alto impacto emocional. Para este propósito, creamos y ampliamos el cuestionario “Encuesta para emprendedores basada en incidentes críticos” que involucró a 430 participantes, empresarios de diferentes países de la UE. El diseño del cuestionario incluye datos cuantitativos y cualitativos. Las situaciones propuestas en la encuesta se refieren principalmente al aspecto psicológico del comportamiento empresarial. La investigación nos ayudó a sistematizar el conocimiento existente sobre los distintos tipos de emprendedores y a crear una lista de los incidentes críticos más comunes en el área del emprendimiento basada en la evaluación experta. Los resultados confirman la importancia de los incidentes críticos para la formación de la identidad empresarial y la existencia de cuatro I-positions (“líderes,” “innovadores,” “luchadores,” “oportunistas”) que definen las estrategias para enfrentar incidentes críticos de acuerdo en un entorno empresarial real. Además, el estudio muestra correlaciones positivas y negativas entre diferentes variables, y también muestra las estrategias de comportamiento empresarial más frecuentes y el impacto emocional de los incidentes críticos en su vida profesional.
Como un segundo paso complementario en el estudio de la construcción de la identidad empresarial, realizamos un estudio de caso en profundidad con cuatro participantes de distintos países, con menos de un año de experiencia, representantes de cada I-position según el estudio 1. Las observaciones se realizaron durante seis meses e incluyeron la aplicación de instrumentos tales como entrevistas individuales, Mapping, Journey Plot, Personal Position Repertoire y Coaching. Se mostró la variedad de escenarios para formar la identidad empresarial en la mayoría de los contextos típicos, incluidos los negocios familiares o el comienzo de un negocio propio después de trabajar en una empresa. La implicación del conjunto de herramientas no solo nos ayudó a estudiar el proceso de construcción de la identidad empresarial en la etapa profesional temprana, sino que, además, proporcionó a los participantes apoyo psicológico para desarrollar su flexibilidad en el uso de I-positions para enfrentar incidentes críticos en su forma profesional de acuerdo con los comentarios.
Como etapa final de nuestra investigación, creamos un programa “I-DEAL Me: El emprendedor en el que quiero convertirme,” dirigido a la formación de una identidad empresarial equilibrada. Se orienta a favorecer entenderse a sí mismo como emprendedor, su forma de vida y los eventos que conducen a la elección de la profesión del emprendedor, formando las I-positions empresariales y capacitación para afrontar los incidentes críticos más comunes en los negocios para la construcción de identidad del emprendedor equilibrad. El programa fue evaluado y muy apreciado por los expertos por su enfoque actual, metodología y aplicación práctica. Además, consideraron que tiene un alto potencial de desarrollo y aplicación para las diferentes categorías de emprendedores.
Los tres estudios de la investigación presentan una visión holística de la construcción de la identidad empresarial dirigida, no solo a la investigación académica, sino también a su utilización práctica por parte de los empresarios.Nowadays, the instability of the investment into material things becomes evident, and the attention is focused on human capital - people who create and develop business. This research assumes the profound study of the construction and changes in the identity of entrepreneurs based on the analysis of their personal and professional way and the influence of critical incidents according to the Dialogical Self Theory (Hermans, Kempen, & van Loon, 1992) leading to increasing the quality of life for entrepreneurs and effectiveness of their business. We propose to use a methodology based on the profound study of entrepreneurs’ identity discovering their I-positions based on their concepts and the strategies for facing different critical incidents with the high emotional impact. For this purpose, we created and expanded the questionnaire “Survey for Entrepreneurs based on Critical Incidents,” which involved 430 participants, entrepreneurs from different EU countries. The design of the questionnaire includes quantitative and qualitative data. In our research, we focused on two types of critical incidents more typical for entrepreneurs: individual and collective cases. Situations proposed in the survey all mostly deal with the psychological aspect of entrepreneurial behavior. The research helped us to systematize existing knowledge of entrepreneurial types and to create a list of most common critical incidents in the entrepreneurship based on the expert evaluation. The main results confirm the high importance of critical incidents for the formation of entrepreneurial identity and existence of four identity I-positions (“leaders,” “innovators,” “fighters,” “opportunists”) which define the strategies of facing critical incidents according to these positions in a real business environment. Besides, study shows positive and negative correlations between different factors as gender, entrepreneurial experience, and educational level. It also shows the strategies of entrepreneurial behavior and emotional impact of the critical incidents on their professional life. As the second step of the studying of the construction of the entrepreneurial identity, we made a profound case-study of four participants – the representatives of each I-position according to Study 1 – the entrepreneurs with less than one-year experience from different countries. The observation was held within six months and included applying such instruments as an interview, Mapping, Journey plot, Personal Position Repertoire, and coaching. It showed the variety of scenarios of forming the entrepreneurial identity in most typical contexts, including family business or starting own business after working for the company or freelance. We can see that the implication of the set of the tools not only helped us to study the process of the construction of the entrepreneurial identity on the early professional stage but meanwhile to provide the participants with psychological support leading to the development of their flexibility in using I-positions for facing critical incidents on their professional way. As a final stage of our research, we created a program “I-DEAL Me: The entrepreneur whom I want to become,” aimed at the formation of the balanced entrepreneurial identity. It is concentrated on the understanding oneself as an entrepreneur, his lifeway and the events leading to the choosing the profession of the entrepreneur, forming the entrepreneurial I-position and training to face most common critical incidents in business for the construction of the balanced entrepreneurial identity. The program was evaluated and highly appreciated by the experts for its streamlined approach, methodology, and practical use. Besides that, it has a high potential for developing and application for the different categories of entrepreneurs. All three studies of the research present the holistic vision of the construction of the entrepreneurial identity, targeting not only for the academic research but for the practical use.
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Copland, Paul S., und n/a. „Embryonic stem cell research and the metaphysics of identity“. University of Otago. Dunedin School of Medicine, 2007. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070914.141825.
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Embryonic stem cell research has the potential to revolutionise both the practice of medicine and our understanding of the human body. Although the usual technical and financial limitations of research apply, perhaps the greatest obstacle to the progress of this research at the present time is the ethical concerns surrounding the destruction of early human embryos. The established debate over the ethical significance of the early embryo has thus taken on renewed importance.
Within biology stem cell research has begun to overturn some long held assumptions about the roles of genes and cellular interaction in development. Building on recent advances in stem cell biology I develop a concept of Form that neatly captures what it is to be individuals like us in biological terms. Form not only defines a biological individual that exists across time regardless of changes in its physical constituents but also provides the biological foundation for our higher mental properties and our identity as persons.
At the heart of the embryo debate is confusion over what human individuals are and therefore when they began. Defining when we began as the ethically significant individuals that we are now is the key to the embryo debate. Our metaphysics of identity is thus crucial to understanding the moral significance of the embryo.
Compared to alternative understandings of identity within the debate surrounding the embryo Form provides compelling reasons why the very early embryo, at the stage that embryonic stem cells are derived, lacks any right to life or associated ethical significance. The derivation of embryonic stem cells is thus found to be ethically permissible.
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Aygören, Huriye. „Entrepreneurial identity formation-in-practice : Immigrant women entrepreneurs' lived practices and experiences within gender, ethnicity and class relations“. Doctoral thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Center for Family Enterprise and Ownership (CeFEO), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-28581.
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This dissertation, comprising four appended papers, examines what entrepreneurs actually do in order to manage the intrinsic social complexity pertaining to relations of power and culture involved in entrepreneurial undertakings. The studies share the common interest in probing into the ways inwhich fundamental social divisions and conflicts, namely gender, ethnicity and class are inscribed into the entrepreneurs through the organization of difference (Ashcraft, 2012) and how these shape and are shaped by the identity construction processes of individual entrepreneurs. The thesis provides an empirical account of entrepreneurial identity formation and its implications on shaping differential degree and the forms of entrepreneurial agency exerted by entrepreneurs by drawing on two sets of empirical materials generated through life story narratives of seventeen immigrant women entrepreneurs and some particular family business members with Turkish origin, in their involvement with entrepreneurial practices in Sweden. In overall, the thesis approximates to the notion of the individual entrepreneur in identity terms. Three major theoretical approaches, including practice theory, identity work and the feminist intersectionality framework, lay the groundwork for thinking about the relational and contextual foundation of the individual and associated identity construction processes intraversing the contexts at different temporal and spatial scales, namely individual, organizational, familial and societal. The thesis responds to the call for relational analysis examining the entanglement of material and symbolic resources and practices to draw a more rounded picture of entrepreneurship (Tatli, Vassilopoulou, Özbilgin, Forson, & Slutskaya, 2014). It adds to this debate by highlighting the identification processes of entrepreneurs, especially of those who have been historically and relatively marginalized in their societies. This thesis connects with studies emphasizing the socio-culturally constructed, relational and contextual nature of entrepreneurship and contributes to bridging the gap between two bifurcated streams of research in entrepreneurship-constructionist approaches, e.g., discursive/ narrative accounts with practice based perspectives. I emphasize the importance of considering both complex identification processes for the benefit of practice-based analysis and material practices and resources to the greater advantage of constructionist accounts. Throughout my thesis, I suggest that the discursive and material aspects of agency and structures are inseparable. In entrepreneurship, it is imperative to transcend symbolic and material boundaries. This way, the thesis provides complementary insights to cultural studies of entrepreneurship which emphasize access either to material or cultural representations. My first contribution concerns the generation of rich empirical accounts ofimmigrant women entrepreneurs in the particular context of migration encompassing the two cultural scenes of Turkey, where the immigrants came from, and Sweden, where they live and enterprise. The studies in the thesis demonstrate that immigrant women entrepreneurs and immigrant family members have used creative agency to sustain their struggles of entrepreneurial identity formation and capital accumulation and have effected social change indifferent terms. By combining two streams of inquiries, which have usually been undertaken separately, studying cultural representations and what an entrepreneur would do with these representations with a focus on identity formations, the thesis contributes to the reflexive entrepreneurship scholarship by examining the entrepreneurs’ own responses to hegemonic discourses where a complex set of negotiations and diverse forms of entrepreneurship could be drawn. This forms my second contribution. Finally, the analysis also leads to a discussion of processual issues, which amount to the relative advantage (privilege) and disadvantage (marginalization) in the field of entrepreneurship. My studies suggest that inequalities do not have a static and spatial position but are a dynamic and accumulated process that defines access, mobility and investment across different fields of activities made possible by the diverse histories and practices of entrepreneurs and relevant constituents.
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Shelton, Marcia Ann. „An analysis of principled moral judgment among college students with different ego identity statuses /“. This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07282008-135453/.
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Nijjar, Muninder Bobby. „Addressing the challenge of alienation, identity and moral leadership in a seniors care home“. Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29505.
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The purpose of this study was to document, critically analyze and understand both my experiences as the supervisor of the support service workers (SSWs) and the experiences of the SSWs in the context of privatization at a care home. The conceptual framework for this study was developed using chiefly the literature on workplace alienation, identity development and moral leadership. Qualitative research methodology was used to collect data. One source of data was from my self-reflection on my own practice and a second source was from the SSWs through focus group and individual interviews.
The process of privatization of the SSWs jobs and the subsequent significant reduction in wages and benefits was highly alienating. The educational interventions that I developed to involve the SSWs in the care planning process brought significant positive shifts in the SSWs’ attitude towards their jobs and their workplace identity, diminishing their sense of alienation at the care home. I also experienced significant positive shifts in my engagement, identity and leadership at the care home.
The findings of this study demonstrates that educational interventions supported the transition of a group of women alienated at work, considered low-status with minimal influence and outside the care planning process to become a team of women who developed a strong sense of belonging and influence at the care home and are now considered insiders and important contributors to the care planning process. The study also demonstrates my own de-alienation and the shift in my workplace identity from an alienated manager with little influence to an involved leader-educator with significant influence and a healthcare professional who makes a difference in the lives of both residents and the SSWs.
The dissertation concludes with a discussion of implications for future research, for leadership practice in care homes, and for my own leadership practice.