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Murshid, Nimer, Omar Mouhtady, Mahmoud Abu-samha, Emil Obeid, Yahya Kharboutly, Hamdi Chaouk, Jalal Halwani und Khaled Younes. „Metal Oxide Hydrogel Composites for Remediation of Dye-Contaminated Wastewater: Principal Component Analysis“. Gels 8, Nr. 11 (30.10.2022): 702. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8110702.
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Water pollution is caused by multiple factors, such as industrial dye wastewater. Dye-contaminated water can be treated using hydrogels as adsorbent materials. Recently, composite hydrogels containing metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) have been used extensively in wastewater remediation. In this study, we use a statistical and artificial intelligence method, based on principal component analysis (PCA) with different applied parameters, to evaluate the adsorption efficiency of 27 different MONP composite hydrogels for wastewater dye treatment. PCA showed that the hydrogel composites CTS@Fe3O4, PAAm/TiO2, and PEGDMA-rGO/Fe3O4@cellulose should be used in situations involving high pH, time to reach equilibrium, and adsorption capacity. However, as the composites PAAm-co-AAc/TiO2, PVPA/Fe3O4@SiO2, PMOA/ATP/Fe3O4, and PVPA/Fe3O4@SiO2, are preferred when all physical and chemical properties investigated have low magnitudes. To conclude, PCA is a strong method for highlighting the essential factors affecting hydrogel composite selection for dye-contaminated water treatment.
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Melek Tezcan, Melek Tezcan, Huseyin Cicek Huseyin Cicek und Meryem Cicek and Said Nadeem Meryem Cicek and Said Nadeem. „Tuning Photocatalytic Activity and Decomposition Properties of Poly(Polyethylene Glycol Diacrylate-co-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate)/TiO2 Composite Hydrogel“. Journal of the chemical society of pakistan 41, Nr. 4 (2019): 598. http://dx.doi.org/10.52568/000778/jcsp/41.04.2019.
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We have synthesized TiO2-loaded porous polyethylene glycol diacrylate-co-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (poly(PEGDA-co-HEMA)) hydrogel composites having tunable photocatalytic properties with structural decomposition. TiO2 was loaded over hydrogels by impregnation of titanium oxobutyrate (Ti(OBu)4), peptized at room temperature that resulted poly(PEGDA-co-HEMA)/TiO2 composites. Pore morphology, crystalline structure and TiO2 content of the hydrogels/composites were examined using SEM, XRD and TGA analyses. Structural decomposition rate of the composite hydrogels and model contaminant (methyl orange) was performed under simulated sun light. Suitable pore size, morphology and higher PEGDA/HEMA ratio in the formulation increased the structural decomposition rate of the polymer that works as a TiO2 template. As the template breaks out, it leaves behind a porous TiO2 skeleton – thus accelerates the photocatalytic activity. Although the TiO2 template did not formed at lower PEGDA/HEMA ratio and lower molecular weight of PEGDA, decomposition rate of the composite slowed down (10 % in 108 h). The prepared hydrogels can be used in the skin care andamp; engineering and waste water treatments.
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Sokolova, Marina, Janis Locs und Dagnija Loca. „Hyaluronan Hydrogel/Calcium Phosphates Composites for Medical Application“. Key Engineering Materials 721 (Dezember 2016): 219–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.721.219.
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The combination of calcium phosphate compounds and hyaluronan is expected to have advantages of both materials to be used as optimal scaffold for bone tissue engineering. It possesses the fundamental necessary characteristics such as bioactivity, biomechanical similarity, processability, and biodegradability. Preparation technology and properties of hyaluronan acid and calcium phosphate composites (HA/CaP) are described in the current study, and for the first time composites with high, up to 0.43 HA/CaP mass ratio are synthesized using chemical cross-linking method.HA/CaP hydrogels were prepared using fixed cross-linker amount at different HA concentrations. Swelling properties of prepared HA/CaP hydrogels were investigated as function of the HA content in composite. The swelling properties of hydrogels were studied in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at pH 7.4. It was observed that HA reinforcement with CaP particles increases hydrogel stability, and prepared HA/CaP hydrogels maintained their integrity up to 4 weeks.
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Eraković, Zorica. „Graphene composites with hydrogel“. Advanced Technologies 11, Nr. 1 (2022): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/savteh2201053e.
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Composites are multiphase materials consisting of two or more different materials with different properties that are firmly bound to each other on the surface. As new nanomaterials, graphene and graphene oxide are particularly interesting due to their ability to form composites and nanocomposites with hydrogels. Graphene has attracted a lot of attention. Hydrogels are materials that have a three-dimensional structure, capable of absorbing a large amount of surrounding fluid without dissolving. Stimuli-sensitive hydrogels can change a physical property in response to external stimuli. Hydrogels based on monomers such as N, N-diethylacrylamide, and N-(2-hydroxyethyl) acrylamide exhibit great scientific and technological importance. They have found application in the paint and varnish industry, the pharmaceutical , cosmetic, food industry, agro-industry, and textile industries. Previous research has proven that graphene significantly boosts the electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties of hydrogels. Hydrogelcomposites with graphene have a porous structure. The paper represents a literature overview of methods for the synthesis and characterization of synthesized hydrogels and hydrogel composites with graphene and graphene oxide.
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Nadtoka, O., N. Kutsevol, T. Bezugla, P. Virych und A. Naumenko. „Hydrogel-Silver Nanoparticle Composites for Biomedical Applications“. Ukrainian Journal of Physics 65, Nr. 5 (11.05.2020): 446. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ujpe65.5.446.
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Polyacrylamide and dextran-graft-polyacrylamide hydrogels are prepared and used as nanoreactors and networks for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Photochemical generation of AgNPs is carried out under UV-irradiation of Ag+ ions in swollen hydrogels of different cross-linking densities. The obtained hydrogels and hydrogel/AgNPs composites are characterized by TEM, FTIR, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. Swelling studies have shown a relationship between the structure of the hydrogels and their ability to swell. It is shown that the presence of AgNPs in the polymer network leads to a decrease of the swelling capacity. An increase in the cross-linking density leads to an expansion of the AgNPs size distribution for both types of hydrogels. All synthesized hydrogel-silver nanoparticle composites have shown a high activity in the growth retardation of Staphylococcus aureus microorganisms.
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Liu, Shih-Ming, Wen-Cheng Chen, Chia-Ling Ko, Hsu-Ting Chang, Ya-Shun Chen, Ssu-Meng Haung, Kai-Chi Chang und Jian-Chih Chen. „In Vitro Evaluation of Calcium Phosphate Bone Cement Composite Hydrogel Beads of Cross-Linked Gelatin-Alginate with Gentamicin-Impregnated Porous Scaffold“. Pharmaceuticals 14, Nr. 10 (29.09.2021): 1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph14101000.
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Calcium phosphate bone cement (CPC) is in the form of a paste, and its special advantage is that it can repair small and complex bone defects. In the case of open wounds, tissue debridement is necessary before tissue repair and the subsequent control of wound infection; therefore, CPC composite hydrogel beads containing antibiotics provide an excellent option to fill bone defects and deliver antibiotics locally for a long period. In this study, CPC was composited with the millimeter-sized spherical beads of cross-linked gelatin–alginate hydrogels at the different ratios of 0 (control), 12.5, 25, and 50 vol.%. The hydrogel was impregnated with gentamicin and characterized before compositing with CPC. The physicochemical properties, gentamicin release, antibacterial activity, biocompatibility, and mineralization of the CPC/hydrogel composites were characterized. The compressive strength of the CPC/hydrogel composites gradually decreased as the hydrogel content increased, and the compressive strength of composites containing gentamicin had the largest decrease. The working time and setting time of each group can be adjusted to 8 and 16 min, respectively, using a hardening solution to make the composite suitable for clinical use. The release of gentamicin before the hydrogel beads was composited with CPC varied greatly with immersion time. However, a stable controlled release effect was obtained in the CPC/gentamicin-impregnated hydrogel composite. The 50 vol.% hydrogel/CPC composite had the best antibacterial effect and no cytotoxicity but had reduced cell mineralization. Therefore, the optimal hydrogel beads content can be 25 vol.% to obtain a CPC/gentamicin-impregnated hydrogel composite with adequate strength, antibacterial activity, and bio-reactivity. This CPC/hydrogel containing gentamicin is expected to be used in clinical surgery in the future to accelerate bone regeneration and prevent prosthesis infection after surgery.
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Kocak, Fatma Z., Muhammad Yar und Ihtesham U. Rehman. „Hydroxyapatite-Integrated, Heparin- and Glycerol-Functionalized Chitosan-Based Injectable Hydrogels with Improved Mechanical and Proangiogenic Performance“. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, Nr. 10 (11.05.2022): 5370. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105370.
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The investigation of natural bioactive injectable composites to induce angiogenesis during bone regeneration has been a part of recent minimally invasive regenerative medicine strategies. Our previous study involved the development of in situ-forming injectable composite hydrogels (Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite/Heparin) for bone regeneration. These hydrogels offered facile rheology, injectability, and gelation at 37 °C, as well as promising pro-angiogenic abilities. In the current study, these hydrogels were modified using glycerol as an additive and a pre-sterile production strategy to enhance their mechanical strength. These modifications allowed a further pH increment during neutralisation with maintained solution homogeneity. The synergetic effect of the pH increment and further hydrogen bonding due to the added glycerol improved the strength of the hydrogels substantially. SEM analyses showed highly cross-linked hydrogels (from high-pH solutions) with a hierarchical interlocking pore morphology. Hydrogel solutions showed more elastic flow properties and incipient gelation times decreased to just 2 to 3 min at 37 °C. Toluidine blue assay and SEM analyses showed that heparin formed a coating at the top layer of the hydrogels which contributed anionic bioactive surface features. The chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay confirmed significant enhancement of angiogenesis with chitosan-matrixed hydrogels comprising hydroxyapatite and small quantities of heparin (33 µg/mL) compared to basic chitosan hydrogels.
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Chuah, Clarence, Jing Wang, Javad Tavakoli und Youhong Tang. „Novel Bacterial Cellulose-Poly (Acrylic Acid) Hybrid Hydrogels with Controllable Antimicrobial Ability as Dressings for Chronic Wounds“. Polymers 10, Nr. 12 (29.11.2018): 1323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10121323.
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This investigation examines the combination of poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) and bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibers to synthesize hydrogel hybrid composites used for wound dressing application. Amoxicillin (AM) was also grafted onto the composites for drug release. Fourier transform infrared analysis and scanning electron microscopy conducted revealed the structure and porosity of the composite being developed, as well as the successful fabrication of BC-PAA composites. The results of mechanical testing and hygroscopicity revealed that the composite shows higher stability than hydrogels which are currently used worldwide, albeit with a slight reduction in swelling capabilities. However, the composite was revealed to be responsive to a rise in pH values with an increase in composite swelling and drug release. These results together with their morphological characteristics suggest that BC-PAA hydrogel hybrid composite is a promising candidate for wound dressing application.
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Xiang, Yu, Li Bin Liu, Zhao Dang und Ting Li. „Progress of Graphene-Based Hydrogel“. Materials Science Forum 852 (April 2016): 714–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.852.714.
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Graphene, a typical two-dimensional planar monolayer of sp2carbon atoms, has attracted significant attention due to its outstanding physical and chemical properties. Nowadays, many graphene-based composites have been synthesized. Among them, graphene hydrogels (including graphene oxide hydrogel and reduced graphene oxide hydrogel) as a kind of graphene-based composites have a wide application prospect. In this paper, the progresses of graphene-based hydrogels are reviewed, and the prospects for the development of graphene-based hydrogels are also discussed.
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Ahmad, Faheem, Bushra Mushtaq, Faaz Ahmed Butt, Muhammad Sohail Zafar, Sheraz Ahmad, Ali Afzal, Yasir Nawab, Abher Rasheed und Zeynep Ulker. „Synthesis and Characterization of Nonwoven Cotton-Reinforced Cellulose Hydrogel for Wound Dressings“. Polymers 13, Nr. 23 (25.11.2021): 4098. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13234098.
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Hydrogels wound dressings have enormous advantages due to their ability to absorb high wound exudate, capacity to load drugs, and provide quick pain relief. The use of hydrogels as wound dressings in their original form is a considerable challenge, as these are difficult to apply on wounds without support. Therefore, the incorporation of polymeric hydrogels with a certain substrate is an emerging field of interest. The present study fabricated cellulose hydrogel using the sol–gel technique and reinforced it with nonwoven cotton for sustainable wound dressing application. The nonwoven cotton was immersed inside the prepared solution of cellulose and heated at 50 °C for 2 h to form cellulose hydrogel–nonwoven cotton composites and characterized for a range of properties. In addition, the prepared hydrogel composite was also loaded with titania particles to attain antibacterial properties. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy confirmed the formation of cellulose hydrogel layers inside the nonwoven cotton structure. The fabricated composite hydrogels showed good moisture management and air permeability, which are essential for comfortable wound healing. The wound exudate testing revealed that the fluid absorptive capacity of cellulose hydrogel nonwoven cotton composite was improved significantly in comparison to pure nonwoven cotton. The results reveal the successful hydrogel formation, having excellent absorbing, antimicrobial, and sustainable properties.
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Zhang, Junyu, und Zhao Wang. „Nanoparticle–Hydrogel Based Sensors: Synthesis and Applications“. Catalysts 12, Nr. 10 (22.09.2022): 1096. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12101096.
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Hydrogels are hydrophilic three-dimensional (3D) porous polymer networks that can easily stabilize various nanoparticles. Loading noble metal nanoparticles into a 3D network of hydrogels can enhance the synergy of the components. It can also be modified to prepare intelligent materials that can recognize external stimuli. The combination of noble metal nanoparticles and hydrogels to produce modified or new composite materials has attracted considerable attention as to the use of these materials in sensors. However, there is limited review literature on nanoparticle–hydrogel-based sensors. This paper presents the detailed strategies of synthesis and design of the composites, and the latest applications of nanoparticle–hydrogel materials in the sensing field. Finally, the current challenges and future development directions of nanoparticle–hydrogel-based sensors are proposed.
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Huang, Yu-Chao, Pei-Wen Lin, Wen-Jian Qiu und Ta-I. Yang. „AMPHIPHILIC POLYMER-ASSISTED SYNTHESIS OF HYDROXYAPATITE PARTICLES AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE RHEOLOGICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THERMOSENSITIVE HYDROGELS“. Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 28, Nr. 02 (April 2016): 1650013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237216500137.
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Polymeric composite materials hold promise for versatile advanced applications. Of utmost importance for these applications is incorporating inorganic particles within polymer matrices which lead to multifunctional polymeric composites with desired functions. Specifically, thermosensitive polymeric hydrogels incorporating particle fillers have elicited widespread interest because of promising applications in drug delivery, tissue engineering, and medical devices. Although these materials are frequently discussed in many research fields, there are no decisive conclusions reported in literature, showing how the particle filler affects the rheological and mechanical behaviors of the resulting hydrogels. In this research, hydroxyapatite (HAp) bioceramics with definable morphologies were synthesized in order to reveal their effects on the resulting properties of HAp/polymer composite hydrogels. HAp particles with spherical, sheet-like and rod-like shapes were prepared with assistance by adding amphiphilic surfactant, poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(propylene oxide)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) in synthesis. Thermosensitive composite hydrogels with controllable rheological and mechanical properties were thus developed by incorporating HAp particles into poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PEG-PLGA) hydrogel. Experimental results revealed that the rheological and mechanical properties of the resultant HAp/PEG-PLGA composite hydrogel not only influenced by the added HAp particle amount, but also by the particle morphology and interactions between particles and hydrogels. The findings from this research provide a critical guideline for designing thermosensitive composite hydrogels with required rheological and mechanical properties.
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Jiang, Qixiang, Angelika Menner und Alexander Bismarck. „Emulsion-templated macroporous polymer/polymer composites with switchable stiffness“. Pure and Applied Chemistry 86, Nr. 2 (01.02.2014): 203–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2014-5001.
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Abstract Emulsion templates containing monomers in both emulsion phases were used to manufacture polystyrene-co-divinylbenzene based polymerized high internal phase emulsions (polyHIPEs) which have been reinforced by poly(methacrylic acid) (polyMAA) and poly(dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate) (polyDMAEMA). The morphology of the hydrogel-filled polyHIPEs is affected by the hydrogels synthesized in the aqueous emulsion phase. The pore structure of polyMAA-filled polyHIPEs is highly interconnected indicating the formation of a methacrylic acid-co-styrene copolymer at the oil/water interface of the emulsion templates during synthesis. However, polyDMAEMA-filled polyHIPEs are predominately closed celled and the pore walls are covered by grafted hydrogel. The ability of the hydrogel-filled polyHIPEs to absorb water decreased with increasing crosslinking density of the hydrogels. The dry hydrogel reinforced the polyHIPE scaffolds possessed higher elastic moduli and crush strengths than the control polyHIPEs. The reinforcing ability of the dry hydrogels was further enhanced by increasing their degree of crosslinking. However, the reinforcement could be “switched off” simply by hydrating the hydrogels. The switchable mechanical properties of the hydrogel-filled polyHIPEs could potentially be utilized in smart humidity sensor technology.
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Simeonov, Marin, Anton Atanasov Apostolov, Milena Georgieva, Dimitar Tzankov und Elena Vassileva. „Poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide)/Polyacrylamide pIPNs/Magnetite Composite Hydrogels: Synthesis and Characterization“. Gels 9, Nr. 5 (26.04.2023): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9050365.
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Novel composite hydrogels based on poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide)/polyacrylamide pseudo-interpenetrating polymer networks (pIPNs) and magnetite were prepared via in situ precipitation of Fe3+/Fe2+ ions within the hydrogel structure. The magnetite formation was confirmed by X-ray diffraction, and the size of the magnetite crystallites was shown to depend on the hydrogel composition: the crystallinity of the magnetite particles increased in line with PAAM content within the composition of the pIPNs. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed an interaction between the hydrogel matrix, via the carboxylic groups of polyacrylic acid, and Fe ions, which strongly influenced the formation of the magnetite articles. The composites’ thermal properties, examined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), show an increase in the glass transition temperature of the obtained composites, which depends on the PAA/PAAM copolymer ratio in the pIPNs’ composition. Moreover, the composite hydrogels exhibit pH and ionic strength responsiveness as well as superparamagnetic properties. The study revealed the potential of pIPNs as matrices for controlled inorganic particle deposition as a viable method for the production of polymer nanocomposites.
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Zhang, Yingpu, Rong Huang, Si Peng und Zhaocheng Ma. „MWCNTs/Cellulose Hydrogels Prepared from NaOH/Urea Aqueous Solution with Improved Mechanical Properties“. Journal of Chemistry 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/413497.
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Novel high strength composite hydrogels were designed and synthesized by introducing multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into cellulose/NaOH/urea aqueous solution and then cross-linked by epichlorohydrin. MWCNTs were used to modify the matrix of cellulose. The structure and morphology of the hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results from swelling testing revealed that the equilibrium swelling ratio of hydrogels decreased with the increment of MWCNTs content. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) results demonstrated that the introduction of MWCNT into cellulose hydrogel networks remarkably improved both thermal and mechanical properties of the composite hydrogels. The preparation of MWCNTs modifiedcellulose-based composites with improved mechanical properties was the first important step towards the development of advanced functional materials.
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Galarraga, Jonathan H., Ryan C. Locke, Claire E. Witherel, Brendan D. Stoeckl, Miguel Castilho, Robert L. Mauck, Jos Malda, Riccardo Levato und Jason A. Burdick. „Fabrication of MSC-laden composites of hyaluronic acid hydrogels reinforced with MEW scaffolds for cartilage repair“. Biofabrication 14, Nr. 1 (01.12.2021): 014106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1758-5090/ac3acb.
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Abstract Hydrogels are of interest in cartilage tissue engineering due to their ability to support the encapsulation and chondrogenesis of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). However, features such as hydrogel crosslink density, which can influence nutrient transport, nascent matrix distribution, and the stability of constructs during and after implantation must be considered in hydrogel design. Here, we first demonstrate that more loosely crosslinked (i.e. softer, ∼2 kPa) norbornene-modified hyaluronic acid (NorHA) hydrogels support enhanced cartilage formation and maturation when compared to more densely crosslinked (i.e. stiffer, ∼6–60 kPa) hydrogels, with a >100-fold increase in compressive modulus after 56 d of culture. While soft NorHA hydrogels mature into neocartilage suitable for the repair of articular cartilage, their initial moduli are too low for handling and they do not exhibit the requisite stability needed to withstand the loading environments of articulating joints. To address this, we reinforced NorHA hydrogels with polycaprolactone (PCL) microfibers produced via melt-electrowriting (MEW). Importantly, composites fabricated with MEW meshes of 400 µm spacing increased the moduli of soft NorHA hydrogels by ∼50-fold while preserving the chondrogenic potential of the hydrogels. There were minimal differences in chondrogenic gene expression and biochemical content (e.g. DNA, GAG, collagen) between hydrogels alone and composites, whereas the composites increased in compressive modulus to ∼350 kPa after 56 d of culture. Lastly, integration of composites with native tissue was assessed ex vivo; MSC-laden composites implanted after 28 d of pre-culture exhibited increased integration strengths and contact areas compared to acellular composites. This approach has great potential towards the design of cell-laden implants that possess both initial mechanical integrity and the ability to support neocartilage formation and integration for cartilage repair.
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Zinchenko, О. V., V. D. Ezhova und A. L. Tolstov. „SILICON-CONTAINING OLIGOMERIC AZOINITIATORS IN THE SYNTHESIS OF BLOCK COPOLYMERS“. Polymer journal 43, Nr. 2 (09.06.2021): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/polymerj.43.02.133.
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A solvothermal synthetic pathway and functional polymer styabilizers was used for synthesis of fine silver structures of different architecture. Using polyvinylpyrrolidone as a stabilizer silver micronized wires with a diameter of 3,8–4,2 μm and aspect ratio of up to 30 were prepared. XRD technique was applied for qualitative determination of silver metal structures. New thermoresponse composite hydrogels with a structure of semi-IPNs were prepared from cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol, linear highly hydrophilic poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEtOx) and as-synthesized silver micro-sized wires. Effect of a structure and a composition of the polymer matrix, and inorganic anisotropic filler on structure arrangement of composite hydrogels were evaluated by DMA studies. A presence of linear hydrophilic PEtOx and anisotropic metal filler in PVA matrix reduces storage modulus Е’ from 275 to 222–230 MPa and increases loss modulus Е” up to 45,5 MPa at room temperature measurements that partially initiated by poor structuration ability of the composites under high solvation level of polymer matrices. Increasing temperature leads to redistribution of hydrogen bonds network and hybridization of PVA nad PEtOx macrochains and enhances energy dissipation ability of unfilled hydrogel. A filler due to conjugation with amine-functionalized PEtOx chains and its localization closed to a surface of metal supresses polymer-polymer interactions and elasticity parameters of composite matrix drops down. As a result, diffusion and permeability coefficients of composite hydrogels reaches 1,06–1,52·10–9 cm2/s and 0,83–1,09·10-9 g/(cm·s), respectively, that higher in comparison with cross-linked PVA matrices. A presence of hydrogen bonds of different energy in hydrogels provides an appearance of multiple relaxation transitions due to different macrochain mobility in a bulk of polymer matrix. Differences of temperature interval of LCTS for hydrogels were found from analysis Е”(T)/dT (62–70 °С) and Δχ(T)/dT (67–70 °С) dependencies are interrelated with kinetic pecularities of diffusion processes that are able to suppress a phase separation at the temperatures closed to LCTS. Phase inversion processes for hydrogel containing 5 % of PEtOx at LCTS are accompanied by desorption of 32–73 % of sorbate. Moreover, thermoresponsive properties of the hydrogels filled with metallic silver wires are higher than that of the unfilled semi-IPNs.
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King, Daniel R., Tao Lin Sun, Yiwan Huang, Takayuki Kurokawa, Takayuki Nonoyama, Alfred J. Crosby und Jian Ping Gong. „Extremely tough composites from fabric reinforced polyampholyte hydrogels“. Materials Horizons 2, Nr. 6 (2015): 584–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5mh00127g.
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Yang, Jinyu, Dongliang Liu, Xiaofang Song, Yuan Zhao, Yayang Wang, Lu Rao, Lili Fu et al. „Recent Progress of Cellulose-Based Hydrogel Photocatalysts and Their Applications“. Gels 8, Nr. 5 (26.04.2022): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8050270.
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With the development of science and technology, photocatalytic technology is of great interest. Nanosized photocatalysts are easy to agglomerate in an aqueous solution, which is unfavorable for recycling. Therefore, hydrogel-based photocatalytic composites were born. Compared with other photocatalytic carriers, hydrogels have a three-dimensional network structure, high water absorption, and a controllable shape. Meanwhile, the high permeability of these composites is an effective way to promote photocatalysis technology by inhibiting nanoparticle photo corrosion, while significantly ensuring the catalytic activity of the photocatalysts. With the growing energy crisis and limited reserves of traditional energy sources such as oil, the attention of researchers was drawn to natural polymers. Like almost all abundant natural polymer compounds in the world, cellulose has the advantages of non-toxicity, degradability, and biocompatibility. It is used as a class of reproducible crude material for the preparation of hydrogel photocatalytic composites. The network structure and high hydroxyl active sites of cellulose-based hydrogels improve the adsorption performance of catalysts and avoid nanoparticle collisions, indirectly enhancing their photocatalytic performance. In this paper, we sum up the current research progress of cellulose-based hydrogels. After briefly discussing the properties and preparation methods of cellulose and its descendant hydrogels, we explore the effects of hydrogels on photocatalytic properties. Next, the cellulose-based hydrogel photocatalytic composites are classified according to the type of catalyst, and the research progress in different fields is reviewed. Finally, the challenges they will face are summarized, and the development trends are prospected.
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Yang, Jinyu, Dongliang Liu, Xiaofang Song, Yuan Zhao, Yayang Wang, Lu Rao, Lili Fu et al. „Recent Progress of Cellulose-Based Hydrogel Photocatalysts and Their Applications“. Gels 8, Nr. 5 (26.04.2022): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8050270.
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With the development of science and technology, photocatalytic technology is of great interest. Nanosized photocatalysts are easy to agglomerate in an aqueous solution, which is unfavorable for recycling. Therefore, hydrogel-based photocatalytic composites were born. Compared with other photocatalytic carriers, hydrogels have a three-dimensional network structure, high water absorption, and a controllable shape. Meanwhile, the high permeability of these composites is an effective way to promote photocatalysis technology by inhibiting nanoparticle photo corrosion, while significantly ensuring the catalytic activity of the photocatalysts. With the growing energy crisis and limited reserves of traditional energy sources such as oil, the attention of researchers was drawn to natural polymers. Like almost all abundant natural polymer compounds in the world, cellulose has the advantages of non-toxicity, degradability, and biocompatibility. It is used as a class of reproducible crude material for the preparation of hydrogel photocatalytic composites. The network structure and high hydroxyl active sites of cellulose-based hydrogels improve the adsorption performance of catalysts and avoid nanoparticle collisions, indirectly enhancing their photocatalytic performance. In this paper, we sum up the current research progress of cellulose-based hydrogels. After briefly discussing the properties and preparation methods of cellulose and its descendant hydrogels, we explore the effects of hydrogels on photocatalytic properties. Next, the cellulose-based hydrogel photocatalytic composites are classified according to the type of catalyst, and the research progress in different fields is reviewed. Finally, the challenges they will face are summarized, and the development trends are prospected.
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Rabat, Nurul Ekmi, Shahrir Hashim und Rohah A. Majid. „Water Absorbency Properties of OPEFB Filled Hydrogels Composites“. Advanced Materials Research 980 (Juni 2014): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.980.18.
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For slow release fertilizer application, oil palm empty fruit bunch-grafted-poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) [OPEFB-g-P(AA-co-AAm)] hydrogel composites were synthesized via two techniques; Two Steps (T1) and in-situ (T2). Scanning electron microscopy of hydrogel composite T1 has higher surface area and holes while hydrogel T2 displays smoother and tighter surface. Water absorbency capacity of hydrogel T1 is 42.90 gram/gram (g/g) and hydrogel T2 is 39.96 g/g. WAC of hydrogel T2 has much better re-swelling ability compared to T1 after it went through five cycles of drying-swelling-drying process. Hence, T2 has produced a hydrogel composite that is reusable with great morphology properties.
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Cuéllar Gaona, Claudia Gabriela, María Cristina Ibarra Alonso, Rosa Idalia Narro Céspedes, María Maura Téllez Rosas, Ricardo Reyna Martínez und Miriam Paulina Luévanos Escareño. „Novel Studies in the Designs of Natural, Synthetic, and Compound Hydrogels with Biomedical Applications“. Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Biomédica 44, Nr. 2 (01.05.2023): 74–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17488/rmib.44.2.6.
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Hydrogels are gaining widespread popularity in the biomedical field due to their extraordinary properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, zero toxicity, easy processing, and similarity to physiological tissue. They have applications in controlled drug release, wound dressing, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. Among these applications, hydrogels as a controlled drug delivery system stands out, which releases active substances in precise amounts and at specific times. To explore the latest advances in the design of hydrogels, a literature review of articles published in indexed scientific journals, in Scopus and Science Direct, was carried out. This review aimed to discover and describe the most innovative hydrogel research with applications in the biomedical field; hydrogels synthesized with polymers of different origins were selected, such as; i. Natural (dextran, agarose, chitosan, etc.); ii. Synthetic (polyacrylamide, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, etc.); iii. Composites (interpenetrants, hybrid crosslinkers, nanocomposites, etc.). Comparative analysis revealed that hydrogels with composite materials show the most promise. These composite hydrogels combine the advantages of different polymers or incorporate additional components, offering enhanced properties and functionalities. In summary, hydrogels are versatile biomaterials with immense potential in biomedicine. Their unique properties make them suitable for diverse applications. However, innovative designs and formulations must continue to be explored to further advance the capabilities of hydrogels and expand their biomedical applications.
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Hasan, Md Mahmudul, Md Forhad Uddin, Nayera Zabin, Md Salman Shakil, Morshed Alam, Fahima Jahan Achal, Most Hosney Ara Begum, Md Sakib Hossen, Md Ashraful Hasan und Md Mahbubul Morshed. „Fabrication and Characterization of Chitosan-Polyethylene Glycol (Ch-Peg) Based Hydrogels and Evaluation of Their Potency in Rat Skin Wound Model“. International Journal of Biomaterials 2021 (14.10.2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4877344.
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Thermal burns are a major cause of death and suffering around the globe. They can cause debilitating, life-altering injuries as well as lead to significant psychological and financial consequences. Several research works have been conducted in attempt to find a wound healing therapy that is successful. At present, hydrogels have been widely used in cutting-edge research for this purpose because they have suitable properties. This study aimed to see how therapy with chitosan-polyethylene glycol (Ch-Peg) based hydrogels affected the healing of burn wounds in rats. With the concern of public health, xanthan gum (X), boric acid (B), gelatin (Ge), polyethylene glycol (Peg), chitosan (Ch), glutaraldehyde (G), and HPLC-grade water were prepared using X : Ge : G, X : Ge : Peg : G, X : Ge : Ch : G, X : Ge : Peg : Ch : G, X : Ge : B : Ch : G, X : Ge : B : Peg : G, and X : Ge : B : Peg : Ch : G. The produced composite hydrogels were examined for swelling ability, biodegradability, rheological characteristics, and porosity. The 3D structure of the hydrogel was revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). After that, the structural characterization technique named Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to describe the composites (SEM). Lastly, in a rat skin wound model, the efficacy of the produced hydrogels was studied. Swelling ability, biodegradability, rheological properties, and porosity were all demonstrated in composite hydrogels that contained over 90% water. Hydrogels with good polymeric networks and porosity were observed using SEM. The existence of bound water and free, intra- and intermolecule hydrogen-linked OH and NH in the hydrogels was confirmed using FTIR. In a secondary burned rat model, all hydrogels showed significant wound healing effectiveness when compared to controls. When compared to other composite hydrogels, wounds treated with X : Ge : Peg : Ch : G, X : Ge : B : Peg : G, and X : Ge : B : Peg : Ch:G recovered faster after 28 days. In conclusion, this research suggests that X : Ge : Peg : Ch : G, X : Ge : B : Peg : G, and X : Ge : B : Peg : Ch : G could be used to treat skin injuries in the clinic.
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Stealey, Samuel T., Akhilesh K. Gaharwar und Silviya Petrova Zustiak. „Laponite-Based Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Drug Delivery Applications“. Pharmaceuticals 16, Nr. 6 (31.05.2023): 821. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph16060821.
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Hydrogels are widely used for therapeutic delivery applications due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and ability to control release kinetics by tuning swelling and mechanical properties. However, their clinical utility is hampered by unfavorable pharmacokinetic properties, including high initial burst release and difficulty in achieving prolonged release, especially for small molecules (<500 Da). The incorporation of nanomaterials within hydrogels has emerged as viable option as a method to trap therapeutics within the hydrogel and sustain release kinetics. Specifically, two-dimensional nanosilicate particles offer a plethora of beneficial characteristics, including dually charged surfaces, degradability, and enhanced mechanical properties within hydrogels. The nanosilicate–hydrogel composite system offers benefits not obtainable by just one component, highlighting the need for detail characterization of these nanocomposite hydrogels. This review focuses on Laponite, a disc-shaped nanosilicate with diameter of 30 nm and thickness of 1 nm. The benefits of using Laponite within hydrogels are explored, as well as examples of Laponite–hydrogel composites currently being investigated for their ability to prolong the release of small molecules and macromolecules such as proteins. Future work will further characterize the interplay between nanosilicates, hydrogel polymer, and encapsulated therapeutics, and how each of these components affect release kinetics and mechanical properties.
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Lee, Jeong Yun, Hyun Ho Shin, Chungyeon Cho und Ji Hyun Ryu. „Effect of Tannic Acid Concentrations on Temperature-Sensitive Sol–Gel Transition and Stability of Tannic Acid/Pluronic F127 Composite Hydrogels“. Gels 10, Nr. 4 (10.04.2024): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels10040256.
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Recently, interest in polyphenol-containing composite adhesives for various biomedical applications has been growing. Tannic acid (TA) is a polyphenolic compound with advantageous properties, including antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Additionally, TA contains multiple hydroxyl groups that exhibit biological activity by forming hydrogen bonds with proteins and biomacromolecules. Furthermore, TA-containing polymer composites exhibit excellent tissue adhesion properties. In this study, the gelation behavior and adhesion forces of TA/Pluronic F127 (TA/PluF) composite hydrogels were investigated by varying the TA and PluF concentrations. PluF (above 16 wt%) alone showed temperature-responsive gelation behavior because of the closely packed micelle aggregates. After the addition of a small amount of TA, the TA/PluF hydrogels showed thermosensitive behavior similar to that of PluF hydrogels. However, the TA/PluF hydrogels containing more than 10 wt% TA completely suppressed the thermo-responsive gelation kinetics of PluF, which may have been due to the hydrogen bonds between TA and PluF. In addition, TA/PluF hydrogels with 40 wt% TA showed excellent tissue adhesion properties and bursting pressure in porcine intestinal tissues. These results are expected to aid in understanding the use of mixtures of TA and thermosensitive block copolymers to fabricate adhesive hydrogels for versatile biomedical applications.
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Dannert, Corinna, Bjørn Torger Stokke und Rita S. Dias. „Nanoparticle-Hydrogel Composites: From Molecular Interactions to Macroscopic Behavior“. Polymers 11, Nr. 2 (06.02.2019): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11020275.
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Hydrogels are materials used in a variety of applications, ranging from tissue engineering to drug delivery. The incorporation of nanoparticles to yield composite hydrogels has gained substantial momentum over the years since these afford tailor-making and extend material mechanical properties far beyond those achievable through molecular design of the network component. Here, we review different procedures that have been used to integrate nanoparticles into hydrogels; the types of interactions acting between polymers and nanoparticles; and how these underpin the improved mechanical and optical properties of the gels, including the self-healing ability of these composite gels, as well as serving as the basis for future development. In a less explored approach, hydrogels have been used as dispersants of nanomaterials, allowing a larger exposure of the surface of the nanomaterial and thus a better performance in catalytic and sensor applications. Furthermore, the reporting capacity of integrated nanoparticles in hydrogels to assess hydrogel properties, such as equilibrium swelling and elasticity, is highlighted.
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Gao, Ming, Abhichart Krissanaprasit, Austin Miles, Lilian C. Hsiao und Thomas H. LaBean. „Mechanical and Electrical Properties of DNA Hydrogel-Based Composites Containing Self-Assembled Three-Dimensional Nanocircuits“. Applied Sciences 11, Nr. 5 (03.03.2021): 2245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11052245.
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Molecular self-assembly of DNA has been developed as an effective construction strategy for building complex materials. Among them, DNA hydrogels are known for their simple fabrication process and their tunable properties. In this study, we have engineered, built, and characterized a variety of pure DNA hydrogels using DNA tile-based crosslinkers and different sizes of linear DNA spacers, as well as DNA hydrogel/nanomaterial composites using DNA/nanomaterial conjugates with carbon nanotubes and gold nanoparticles as crosslinkers. We demonstrate the ability of this system to self-assemble into three-dimensional percolating networks when carbon nanotubes and gold nanoparticles are incorporated into the DNA hydrogel. These hydrogel composites showed interesting non-linear electrical properties. We also demonstrate the tuning of rheological properties of hydrogel-based composites using different types of crosslinkers and spacers. The viscoelasticity of DNA hydrogels is shown to dramatically increase by the use of a combination of interlocking DNA tiles and DNA/carbon nanotube crosslinkers. Finally, we present measurements and discuss electrically conductive nanomaterials for applications in nanoelectronics.
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Suresh, Selvaraj, S. Ravichandran, Ishan Y. Pandya, S. S. Sreeja Mole, S. R. Boselin Prabhu und G. K. Prashanth. „Alginate Hydrogel Adsorbents in Adsorption of Inorganic and Organic Pollutants: A Review“. Asian Journal of Chemistry 34, Nr. 7 (2022): 1625–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2022.23712.
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The present review discusses various alginate hydrogel adsorbents with unique adsorption performance in environmental remediation. Novel alginate composites were developed with, high swelling capacity and capable of adsorbing toxic inorganic and organic pollutants. Alginate hydrogel adsorbents were developed with a single network and double network structure with excellent adsorption ability in removal of toxic inorganic and/or organic pollutants. Alginate with single or double network composite hydrogels were developed when alginate was combined with graphene/chitosan/polymer to get superior adsorbents in removal of toxic pollutants. Acrylic acid/alginate hydrogel in recent studies are efficient in the elimination of inorganic and organic contaminants. This review will generate interest to researchers to develop novel alginate composite hydrogels with unique properties in the adsorption of toxic inorganic, organic contaminants. This work provides a worthy challenge and the future possibility of designing novel alginate materials for various applications.
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Păunica-Panea, Georgeta, Anton Ficai, Minodora Maria Marin, Ștefania Marin, Mădălina Georgiana Albu, Vlad Denis Constantin, Cristina Dinu-Pîrvu, Zina Vuluga, Mihai Cosmin Corobea und Mihaela Violeta Ghica. „New Collagen-Dextran-Zinc Oxide Composites for Wound Dressing“. Journal of Nanomaterials 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5805034.
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The goal of this paper was the design, development, and characterization of some new composites, based on collagen and dextran as natural polymers and zinc oxide as antimicrobial, to be used in wound healing. Collagen hydrogels with various concentrations of dextran and zinc oxide were investigated in terms of rheological analysis. The spongious composites, obtained by freeze-drying of hydrogels, were evaluated by morphology (SEM), water uptake, and biological (enzymatic biodegradation) analysis. All the results were strongly influenced by the nature and concentration of composite components. Based on the performances of the hydrogels, stationary rheometry, porous structure, morphology, and biological behavior, the antimicrobial spongious composite based on collagen and dextran with 50% ZnO were the most promising for future applications in wound dressing and a biomaterial with high potential in skin regeneration.
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Kim, Chan Woo, Sung Eun Kim, Yong Woo Kim, Hong Jae Lee, Hyung Woo Choi, Jeong Ho Chang, Jinsub Choi et al. „Fabrication of hybrid composites based on biomineralization of phosphorylated poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels“. Journal of Materials Research 24, Nr. 1 (Januar 2009): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2009.0002.
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A novel route to organic-inorganic composites was described based on biomineralization of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based hydrogels. The 3-dimensional hydrogels were synthesized by radical crosslinking polymerization of poly(ethylene glycol fumarate) (PEGF) in the presence of ethylene glycol methacrylate phosphate (EGMP) as an apatite-nuclating monomer, acrylamide (AAm) as a composition-modulating comonomer, and potassium persulfate (PPS) as a radical initiator. We used the urea-mediated solution precipitation technique for biomineralization of hydrogels. The apatite grown on the surface and interior of the hydrogel was similar to biological apatites in the composition and crystalline structure. Powder x-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the calcium phosphate crystalline platelets on hydrogels are preferentially aligned along the crystallographic c-axis direction. Inductively-coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) analysis showed that the Ca/P molar ratio of apatites grown on the hydrogel template was found to be 1.60, which is identical to that of natural bones. In vitro cell experiments showed that the cell adhesion/proliferation on the mineralized hydrogel was more pronounced than on the pure polymer hydrogel.
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Corkhill, Philip H., Colin J. Hamilton und Brian J. Tighe. „Synthetic hydrogels VI. Hydrogel composites as wound dressings and implant materials“. Biomaterials 10, Nr. 1 (Januar 1989): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0142-9612(89)90002-1.
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Yu, Jie, Fangli Ran, Chenyu Li, Zhenxin Hao, Haodong He, Lin Dai, Jingfeng Wang und Wenjuan Yang. „A Lignin Silver Nanoparticles/Polyvinyl Alcohol/Sodium Alginate Hybrid Hydrogel with Potent Mechanical Properties and Antibacterial Activity“. Gels 10, Nr. 4 (01.04.2024): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels10040240.
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Antibacterial hydrogels have attracted significant attention due to their diverse applications, efficient antimicrobial properties, and adaptability to various environments and requirements. However, their relatively fragile structure, coupled with the potential for environmental toxicity when exposed to their surroundings for extended periods, may significantly limit their practical application potential. In this work, a composite hydrogel was synthesized with outstanding mechanical features and antibacterial capability. The hydrogel was developed through the combination of the eco-friendly and enduring antibacterial agent, lignin silver nanoparticles (Lig-Ag NPs), with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (SA), in varying proportions. The successful synthesis of the hydrogel and the dispersed distribution of Lig-Ag NPs within the hydrogel were confirmed by various analytical techniques, including field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The formation of multiple hydrogen bonds between Lig-Ag NPs and the composites contributed to a more stable and dense network structure of the hydrogel, consequently enhancing its mechanical properties. Rheological tests revealed that the hydrogel exhibited an elastic response and demonstrated outstanding self-recovery properties. Significantly, the antibacterial hydrogel demonstrated effectiveness against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), achieving a <5% survival of bacteria within 12 h. This study presented a green and straightforward synthetic strategy for the application of antibacterial composite hydrogels in various fields.
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Kotelnikova, Nina Efimovna, Elena Nikolaevna Vlasova, Natalia Nikolaevna Saprikina und Aleksandra Mikhailovna Mikhailidi. „IN SITU SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF TWO-PHASE HYBRID HYDROGELS OF β-CYCLODEXTRIN/CELLULOSE BY SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY AND FTIR SPECTROSCOPY“. chemistry of plant raw material, Nr. 4 (15.12.2023): 53–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20230412820.
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Two-phase hybrid hydrogels from powder cellulose (PC) and/or microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and biologically active natural cyclic oligosaccharide β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) were obtained by combining them in the solvent N,N-dimethylacetamide/LiCl and regenerating the hydrogels from the solutions. Cellulose-cyclodextrin hybrid hydrogels were synthesized for the first time without use of cross-agents and/or other gel-promoting components, and without precipitants and anti-solvents under atmospheric conditions. The properties of the composites depended on the type of pristine cellulose and the method of combining the components. Optimally, composite hydrogels were obtained by combining a 1–3 wt.% solution of PC in DMAA/LiCl followed by the addition of β-CD powder to the solution. The water-retention capacity of MCC/β-CD hydrogel was 48.8 g g-1, that of deciduous and flax PC/β-CD hydrogels 62.9 and 55.5 g g-1 respectively. The morphology of the hybrid gels was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the functional content was determined by Fourier transform IR spectroscopy. It was shown that the hydrogels seem to be two-phase interpenetrating systems that interact at the interface. Both phases coexist as a monolithic agglomerate stabilized additionally by hydrogen bonds. Each phase has an individual shape and morphological structure. The results allow the use of cellulose-containing materials, including waste materials, in the elaboration of new hybrid materials to be predicted.
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Malekmohammadi, Samira, Negar Sedghi Aminabad, Amin Sabzi, Amir Zarebkohan, Mehdi Razavi, Massoud Vosough, Mahdi Bodaghi und Hajar Maleki. „Smart and Biomimetic 3D and 4D Printed Composite Hydrogels: Opportunities for Different Biomedical Applications“. Biomedicines 9, Nr. 11 (26.10.2021): 1537. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9111537.
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In recent years, smart/stimuli-responsive hydrogels have drawn tremendous attention for their varied applications, mainly in the biomedical field. These hydrogels are derived from different natural and synthetic polymers but are also composite with various organic and nano-organic fillers. The basic functions of smart hydrogels rely on their ability to change behavior; functions include mechanical, swelling, shaping, hydrophilicity, and bioactivity in response to external stimuli such as temperature, pH, magnetic field, electromagnetic radiation, and biological molecules. Depending on the final applications, smart hydrogels can be processed in different geometries and modalities to meet the complicated situations in biological media, namely, injectable hydrogels (following the sol-gel transition), colloidal nano and microgels, and three dimensional (3D) printed gel constructs. In recent decades smart hydrogels have opened a new horizon for scientists to fabricate biomimetic customized biomaterials for tissue engineering, cancer therapy, wound dressing, soft robotic actuators, and controlled release of bioactive substances/drugs. Remarkably, 4D bioprinting, a newly emerged technology/concept, aims to rationally design 3D patterned biological matrices from synthesized hydrogel-based inks with the ability to change structure under stimuli. This technology has enlarged the applicability of engineered smart hydrogels and hydrogel composites in biomedical fields. This paper aims to review stimuli-responsive hydrogels according to the kinds of external changes and t recent applications in biomedical and 4D bioprinting.
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Hameed, Khitam Abdul Ameer, und Nadher D. Radia. „The Synthesis of Graphene Oxide/Hydrogel Composites and Kinetic Study Adsorb Eosin B Efficiently“. NeuroQuantology 20, Nr. 3 (26.03.2022): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/nq.2022.20.3.nq22036.
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The SA-g-PAA/GO hydrogel superabsorbent was made by free radical polymerizing acrylic acid and sodium alginate monomers with N, N-methylenebisacrylamide as a cross-linker and potassium persulfate as an initiator. FTIR, FE-SEM, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and UV-vis spectroscopy were used to evaluate produced composite hydrogels. The composite hydrogels synthesized during the synthesis process were utilized as adsorbents to remove an anionic dye (EB), from an aqueous solution. The results of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicate that the hydrogel is heat stable. Dye adsorption rate was high on the surface due to the increased surface area of the composite. We studied dye adsorption kinetics on the SA-g-PAAc/GO surface using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. The results established pseudo-second-order adsorption.
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Thinh, Nguyen Tien. „ENZYMATIC PREPARATION OF MODULATED–BIODEGRADABLE HYDROGEL NANOCOMPOSITES BASED CHITOSAN/GELATIN AND BIPHASIC CALCIUM PHOSPHATE NANOPARTICLES“. Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 55, Nr. 1B (23.03.2018): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/55/1b/12107.
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In the study, injectable chitosan–4 hydroxyphenylacectamide acid (CHPA) and gelatin–tyramine (GTA)–based hydrogels were enzymatically prepared, in which could encapsulate biphasic calcium phosphate nanoparticles (BCP NPs) for enhancing bone regeneration. The in situ formation of hydrogel composite was varied from 35 to 80 seconds depending on concentration of H2O2. Collagenase–mediated biodegradation of the hydrogel composite could be modulated from 3 days to over one month depending on amount of the formulated CHPA. Live/dead cell viability assay indicated that the hydrogel composite enhanced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The obtained results show a great potential of the hydrogel composites for bone regeneration due to its adjustable biodegradation, biocompatibility and enhancement in new bone formation.
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CHEN, JUN, und KINAM PARK. „SUPERPOROUS HYDROGELS: FAST RESPONSIVE HYDROGEL SYSTEMS“. Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A 36, Nr. 7-8 (Januar 1999): 917–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10601329908951189.
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Doench, Ingo, Tuan Tran, Laurent David, Alexandra Montembault, Eric Viguier, Christian Gorzelanny, Guillaume Sudre et al. „Cellulose Nanofiber-Reinforced Chitosan Hydrogel Composites for Intervertebral Disc Tissue Repair“. Biomimetics 4, Nr. 1 (20.02.2019): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics4010019.
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The development of non-cellularized composites of chitosan (CHI) hydrogels, filled with cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) of the type nanofibrillated cellulose, was proposed for the repair and regeneration of the intervertebral disc (IVD) annulus fibrosus (AF) tissue. With the achievement of CNF-filled CHI hydrogels, biomaterial-based implants were designed to restore damaged/degenerated discs. The structural, mechanical and biological properties of the developed hydrogel composites were investigated. The neutralization of weakly acidic aqueous CNF/CHI viscous suspensions in NaOH yielded composites of physical hydrogels in which the cellulose nanofibers reinforced the CHI matrix, as investigated by means of microtensile testing under controlled humidity. We assessed the suitability of the achieved biomaterials for intervertebral disc tissue engineering in ex vivo experiments using spine pig models. Cellulose nanofiber-filled chitosan hydrogels can be used as implants in AF tissue defects to restore IVD biomechanics and constitute contention patches against disc nucleus protrusion while serving as support for IVD regeneration.
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Omidian, Hossein, und Sumana Dey Chowdhury. „Advancements and Applications of Injectable Hydrogel Composites in Biomedical Research and Therapy“. Gels 9, Nr. 7 (30.06.2023): 533. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9070533.
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Injectable hydrogels have gained popularity for their controlled release, targeted delivery, and enhanced mechanical properties. They hold promise in cardiac regeneration, joint diseases, postoperative analgesia, and ocular disorder treatment. Hydrogels enriched with nano-hydroxyapatite show potential in bone regeneration, addressing challenges of bone defects, osteoporosis, and tumor-associated regeneration. In wound management and cancer therapy, they enable controlled release, accelerated wound closure, and targeted drug delivery. Injectable hydrogels also find applications in ischemic brain injury, tissue regeneration, cardiovascular diseases, and personalized cancer immunotherapy. This manuscript highlights the versatility and potential of injectable hydrogel nanocomposites in biomedical research. Moreover, it includes a perspective section that explores future prospects, emphasizes interdisciplinary collaboration, and underscores the promising future potential of injectable hydrogel nanocomposites in biomedical research and applications.
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Binaymotlagh, Roya, Farid Hajareh Haghighi, Laura Chronopoulou und Cleofe Palocci. „Liposome–Hydrogel Composites for Controlled Drug Delivery Applications“. Gels 10, Nr. 4 (22.04.2024): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels10040284.
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Various controlled delivery systems (CDSs) have been developed to overcome the shortcomings of traditional drug formulations (tablets, capsules, syrups, ointments, etc.). Among innovative CDSs, hydrogels and liposomes have shown great promise for clinical applications thanks to their cost-effectiveness, well-known chemistry and synthetic feasibility, biodegradability, biocompatibility and responsiveness to external stimuli. To date, several liposomal- and hydrogel-based products have been approved to treat cancer, as well as fungal and viral infections, hence the integration of liposomes into hydrogels has attracted increasing attention because of the benefit from both of them into a single platform, resulting in a multifunctional drug formulation, which is essential to develop efficient CDSs. This short review aims to present an updated report on the advancements of liposome–hydrogel systems for drug delivery purposes.
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Chobit, M., V. Tokarev, V. Vasylyev und Yu Panchenko. „COMPLEX HYDROGELS BASED ON AQUASOL AND POLYACRYLAMIDE“. Chemistry, Technology and Application of Substances 5, Nr. 2 (01.12.2022): 196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/ctas2022.01.196.
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The paper describes the production of hydrogel composites, which are crosslinked structures based on polyacrylamide and poly-2-ethyl-2-oxazoline (aquazole); study of the kinetics of swelling of the obtained hydrogels and study of the thermomechanical properties of the obtained material. The method of synthesis of hydrogel composites and their physicochemical and thermomechanical properties and graphic representation of these laws considered was present. A number of samples with different ratios of starting materials synthesized and the dependence of their properties on the structure was established.
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Stealey, Samuel, Mariam Khachani und Silviya Petrova Zustiak. „Adsorption and Sustained Delivery of Small Molecules from Nanosilicate Hydrogel Composites“. Pharmaceuticals 15, Nr. 1 (01.01.2022): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph15010056.
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Two-dimensional nanosilicate particles (NS) have shown promise for the prolonged release of small-molecule therapeutics while minimizing burst release. When incorporated in a hydrogel, the high surface area and charge of NS enable electrostatic adsorption and/or intercalation of therapeutics, providing a lever to localize and control release. However, little is known about the physio-chemical interplay between the hydrogel, NS, and encapsulated small molecules. Here, we fabricated polyethylene glycol (PEG)-NS hydrogels for the release of model small molecules such as acridine orange (AO). We then elucidated the effect of NS concentration, NS/AO incubation time, and the ability of NS to freely associate with AO on hydrogel properties and AO release profiles. Overall, NS incorporation increased the hydrogel stiffness and decreased swelling and mesh size. When individual NS particles were embedded within the hydrogel, a 70-fold decrease in AO release was observed compared to PEG-only hydrogels, due to adsorption of AO onto NS surfaces. When NS was pre-incubated and complexed with AO prior to hydrogel encapsulation, a >9000-fold decrease in AO release was observed due to intercalation of AO between NS layers. Similar results were observed for other small molecules. Our results show the potential for use of these nanocomposite hydrogels for the tunable, long-term release of small molecules.
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B H, Nanjunda Reddy, Prdadipta Ranjan Rauta, Venkatalakshimi V und Swamy Sreenivasa. „SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL SA-PA-LSA/C-30B/AG NANOCOMPOSITES FOR SWELLING, ANTIBACTERIAL, DRUG DELIVERY, AND ANTICANCER APPLICATIONS“. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, Nr. 3 (01.03.2018): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i3.22939.
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Objective: The main objective of this work was to formulate and evaluate Closite-30B/nanoAg filled hydrogel composites which are further intentended to be used for the study of drug delivery,antibacterial, and anticancer activityMethods: In this study, Cloisite-30B (C-30B) clay dispersed biopolymer sodium alginate (SA)-grafted-poly (acrylamide [AAm]-co-lignosulfonic acid) hydrogel composites were synthesized by free radical in situ polymerization reaction technique using SA, AAm, and lignosulfonic acid biopolymers in different proportions in combination. which are subjected to invitro drug delivery and Minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) method for antibacterial activity study by using Streptococcus faecalis (S.faecalis) and Escherichia coli (E. coli)bacteria. The biocompatibility of the prepared gels were determined by standard protocol HaCaT-cells and MCF-7 cell lines further the prepared hydrogel composites were characterized for particle size,encapsulation efficiency,swelling properties,compatibility studies by FTIR etc.Results: The formulated hydrogels were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) to analyze the particles size and crystallinity. The presence of functional groups and their chemical interaction with the drug, C-30B, and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were confirmed by the FTIR spectroscopy. Furthermore, the presence of AgNPs in the matrix was confirmed by ultraviolet/visible spectroscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis was performed to find out the thermal degradation, thermal stability, and the percentage of weight loss at various temperatures. Swelling studies revealed that C-30B and AgNPs induced composites exhibited higher swelling ratio than pure hydrogels. The hydrogels with C-30B/AgNPs displayed excellent antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Further, these hydrogel composites were loaded with the drug paclitaxel (PT), and drug release study showed that the sustained release of the drug from C-30B/Ag hydrogel matrix compared to rest of other samples. Hydrogel composites were cytocompatible in nature (with HaCaT cells) and the cell viability decreased (with MCF-7cells) with the presence of lignosulfonic acid as well as C-30B and AgNPs in the samples as evaluated through 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide to its insoluble formazan assay.Conclusion: The synthesized hydrogel composites were successfully characterized and eavaluated for sustained release of paclitaxel drug delivery at different pHs and temperatures and it is found that C30B/Ag filled composites exhibits contolled release of drug with higher rate, especially at lower pH (pH2) and higher temperature (37oC) and the same formulations which exhibits better anitbcterial and anticancer activity compared to the virgin samples So the prepared C30B/AgNPs hydrogels composites used in drug dlivery for the effective treatment of cancer and used against bacterias and cancerous cells.
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Desbrieres, Jacques, Stephanie Reynaud, Pierre Marcasuzaa und Francis Ehrenfeld. „Actuator-Like Hydrogels Based on Conductive Chitosan“. Advances in Science and Technology 84 (September 2012): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.84.29.
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Intrinsically conducting polymers are of great interest for a large number of applications. But among major drawbacks are their low solubility in common solvents and their poor mechanical properties. Elaboration of composites associating a matrix, bringing its mechanical properties, and polyaniline, as the conducting polymer is a way of overcoming these disadvantages. Chitosan-graft-polyaniline copolymers were synthesized by simple oxidative method. The grafting reaction was quite total and it was found that the copolymers crosslinked to yield a composite hydrogel in which the polyaniline was homogeneously embedded. The conductivity of precursor (block copolymer) and gels was found to be larger than 10-2 S.cm-1. The composite gels were characterized in terms of swelling and rheological properties. They can be classified as "superabsorbent" hydrogels and the swelling is reversible. The composite gels were then successfully used as actuators.
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Çankaya, Nevin. „Remediation of Toxic Cu (II) with Acrylamide-Based Hydrogels“. Advances in Clinical Toxicology 8, Nr. 3 (2023): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/act-16000278.
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Industrial developments and increasing urbanization increase the concentration of heavy metals in wastewater. Hydrogel composites are used as adsorbents for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater. In this study, superabsorbent hydrogels were synthesized and characterized using carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as biopolymers, halloysite (HNT) and montmorillonite (MMT) as clays, acrylamide (AM) and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid (AMPS) as monomers. Poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) was used as cross linker, tetramethylenediamine (TEMED) as accelerator, and ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator. The effect of the co-monomer AMPS on Cu(II) remediation was determined by changing its ratio in the hydrogel. CuSO4 .5H2 O and Cu(NO3 )2 aqueous solutions were used to determine the Cu(II) remediation capacity of the hydrogels. Infrared Spectroscopy (UATR) was used for spectroscopic characterization of hydrogel composites and UVvis spectrophotometer was used for Cu(II) adsorption measurements. In the CuSO4 .5H2 O adsorption study at pH=neutral, adsorption % increased with increasing AMPS amount in AMPS containing hydrogels, while in the Cu(NO3 )2 adsorption study at pH~1, adsorption % decreased with increasing AMPS amount in AMPS containing hydrogels.
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Sebti, Houari, Nihel Dib, Fatima Zohra Sebba und Boumediene Bounaceur. „Removal of trisacryl red using hydrogels composites based on chitosan“. Communications in Science and Technology 8, Nr. 2 (31.12.2023): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21924/cst.8.2.2023.1278.
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This study entails the radical copolymerization synthesis of (2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid) AMPS, utilizing (N,N’methylene bis-acrylamide) MBAm as a cross-linking agent and potassium persulfate (PPS) as an initiator to produce chitosan-based composite hydrogels. The investigation involved the various masses of chitosan (250, 500, and 1000 mg). The characterization of the obtained composites and the dye adsorption process was carried out using FTIR, TGA, SEM, UV-visible, and STEM techniques. Swelling properties in distilled water were examined, revealing that the swelling rates at temperatures of 25°C and 37°C for the hydrogel of poly(AMPS-g-MBAm)/chitosan (1000 mg) exceed those of hydrogels with poly(AMPS-g-MBAm)/chitosan (250 and 500 mg). Furthermore, the sorption capacities of the dye were investigated, demonstrating that the sorption capacities of poly (AMPS-g-MBAm)/chitosan (1000 mg) at different temperatures surpass those of poly(AMPS-g-MBAm)/chitosan (250mg, and 500 mg).
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Omran, Khalida Abbas. „Bioactivation of Polyaniline for Biomedical Applications and Metal Oxide Composites“. Journal of Chemistry 2022 (23.08.2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9328512.
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In this work, the oxidative chemical synthesis of polyaniline (PANI) in the presence of glutamic acid (GA) is presented, using ammonium persulfate (APS) as the oxidizing agent. Syntheses were performed by varying the molar ratio of aniline:amino acid:oxidant. The products of the different reactions were characterized by SEM, TEM, and FTIR techniques. It was observed that the molar ratio of aniline:amino acid:oxidant used in the synthesis determines the composition and conformation of the resulting polymer and its morphological and electrochemical properties. Composite hydrogels were prepared by incorporating the drug-loaded PANI nanofibers in situ through polymerization and cross-linking of acrylamide. TEM images of the cross-section of the hydrogel revealed the formation of a three-dimensional system of the polyaniline nanofibers maintained by the insulating matrix of the polyacrylamide hydrogel. The in vitro release of the drug from the hydrogels composed of polyacrylamide/polyaniline against buffer solutions at different pH and temperature was studied, using orbital agitation. Finally, considering the potential of hydrogels composed of polyacrylamide/polyaniline for the controlled release of drugs, a study was conducted to evaluate their cytotoxicity against normal mouse subcutaneous tissue cells.
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Kamal, Tahseen, Mazhar Ul-Islam, Sher Bahadar Khan, Esraa M. Bakhsh und Muhammad Tariq Saeed Chani. „Preparation, Characterization, and Biological Features of Cactus Coated Bacterial Cellulose Hydrogels“. Gels 8, Nr. 2 (30.01.2022): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8020088.
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The current study was aimed at developing BC-Cactus (BCC) composite hydrogels with impressive mechanical features for their potential applications in medical and environmental sectors. BCC composites hydrogels were developed through cactus gel coating on a never dried BC matrix. The FE-SEM micrographs confirmed the saturation of BC fibrils with cactus gel. Additionally, the presence of various functional groups and alteration in crystalline behavior was confirmed through FTIR and XRD analysis. Mechanical testing illustrated a three-times increase in the strain failure and an increase of 1.6 times in the tensile strength of BCC composite. Absorption capabilities of BCC were much higher than pure BC and it retained water for a longer period of time. Additionally, the rewetting and absorption potentials of composites were also higher than pure BC. The composite efficiently adsorbed Pb, Zn, Cu, and Co metals. Biocompatibility studies against human HaCat cell line indicated much better cell adhesion and proliferation of BCC compared to BC. These findings advocate that the BCC composite could find applications in medical, pharmaceutical and environmental fields.
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Hasanzadeh, Elham, Narges Mahmoodi, Arefeh Basiri, Faezeh Esmaeili Ranjbar, Zahra Hassannejad, Somayeh Ebrahimi-Barough, Mahmoud Azami, Jafar Ai und Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar. „Proanthocyanidin as a crosslinking agent for fibrin, collagen hydrogels and their composites with decellularized Wharton’s-jelly-extract for tissue engineering applications“. Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers 35, Nr. 6 (06.10.2020): 554–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883911520956252.
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In tissue engineering, natural hydrogel scaffolds gained considerable attention due to their biocompatibility and similarity to macromolecular-based components in the body. However, their low mechanical strength and high degradation degree limit their biomedical application. By varying the composition of hydrogels, their biochemical and mechanical properties can be improved. In this study, the stability of fibrin and collagen hydrogels and their composites with decellularized Wharton’s jelly extract (DEWJ) was improved using proanthocyanidin (PA) as a cross-linker, extracted from grape seeds. The cytocompatibility, physicochemical and mechanical properties of the hydrogels were evaluated. Human endometrial stem cells (hEnSCs) were seeded on the hydrogels and their attachment, morphology, and proliferation were investigated using a scanning electron and optical microscopy. Our results showed that hydrogels containing DEWJ along with PA enhance cell proliferation and showed higher mechanical properties compared with the fibrin and collagen hydrogel. The results present the potential utility of these hydrogels in tissue engineering and for application in three-dimensional culture.
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Phonlakan, Kunlarat, Panjalak Meetam, Rungthip Chonlaphak, Piyawan Kongseng, Sirinya Chantarak und Surangkhana Budsombat. „Poly(acrylic acid-co-2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid)-grafted chitosan hydrogels for effective adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of dyes“. RSC Advances 13, Nr. 44 (2023): 31002–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3ra05596e.
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