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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Honeyeaters, NSW“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Honeyeaters, NSW"
1
L. Oliver, D., und G. W. Lollback. „Breeding habitat selection by the endangered Regent Honeyeater Anthochaera phrygia (Meliphagidae) at the local and landscape scale“. Pacific Conservation Biology 16, Nr. 1 (2010): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc100027.
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This is the first Australian study to apply logistical modelling techniques to describe the breeding habitat selection of a widely dispersed, highly mobile, threatened bird species. Landscape and microhabitat structural attributes of breeding habitat occupied by the endangered Regent Honeyeater Anthochaera phrygia in the Bundarra-Barraba region of northern NSW were compared to those of unoccupied habitat using logistic regression modelling. Models containing landscape scale variables were best at explaining Regent Honeyeater presence. Regent Honeyeater occupation was negatively associated with the amount of woodland cover surrounding a site (1 km and 2 km radius) and distance to patch edge, and was positively associated with site connectivity and linear remnants. Linear, well-connected woodland patches surrounded by cleared grazing land are typical of the remnant native vegetation occupied by Regent Honeyeaters in the Bundarra-Barraba region. The landscape models developed here can be used to identify potential new sites for protection and rehabilitation, and to assess the suitability of unsurveyed or unoccupied sites for the release of captively bred Regent Honeyeaters, which is identified as one of the priority recovery action for the species.
2
Weathers, WW, DC Paton und RS Seymour. „Field Metabolic Rate and Water Flux of Nectarivorous Honeyeaters“. Australian Journal of Zoology 44, Nr. 5 (1996): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9960445.
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Field metabolic rate (FMR) and water influx of New Holland honeyeaters (Phylidonyris novaehollandiae), eastern spinebills (Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris) and a crescent honeyeater (P. pyrrhoptera) were measured by the doubly labelled water technique. New Holland honeyeaters had just finished breeding and were beginning their summer moult. They ranged in mass from 15.4 to 21.0 g (mean = 17.3 g, n = 12) and had FMRs averaging 8.8 mt CO2 g(-1) h(-1) or 77.6 kJ day(-1), which was 2.8 times their measured basal metabolic rate (BMR). Their water influx rate averaged 10.7 mL day(-1). Eastern spinebills were still feeding young and had yet to begin moulting. They ranged in mass from 8.0 to 10.7 g (mean = 9.7 g, n = 6), had FMRs averaging 10.9 mL CO2 g(-1) h(-1) or 52.9 kJ day(-1) (2.5 times their measured BMR), and had an average water influx rate of 8.7 mL day(-1). FMR and water influx of a single 14.6-g crescent honeyeater, which was in late primary moult, were 75.9 kJ day(-1) (2.7 times measured BMR) and 12.5 mL day(-1). The FMR of New Holland honeyeaters varied inversely with mean standard operative temperature (T-es) calculated for values of T-es below 20 degrees C as follows: FMR (kJ day(-1)) = 134 - 5.47 T-es (n = 12, r(2) = 0.52). Honeyeater FMRs were much lower than would be predicted allometrically for hummingbirds of the same mass, reflecting the honeyeaters' low-cost foraging tactic of consuming nectar while perched.
3
Driskell, Amy, Les Christidis, B. J. Gill, Walter E. Boles, F. Keith Barker und N. W. Longmore. „A new endemic family of New Zealand passerine birds: adding heat to a biodiversity hotspot“. Australian Journal of Zoology 55, Nr. 2 (2007): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo07007.
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The results of phylogenetic analysis of two molecular datasets sampling all three endemic New Zealand ‘honeyeaters’ (Prosthemadera novaeseelandiae, Anthornis melanura and Notiomystis cincta) are reported. The undisputed relatedness of the first two species to other honeyeaters (Meliphagidae), and a close relationship between them, are demonstrated. However, our results confirm that Notiomystis is not a honeyeater, but is instead most closely related to the Callaeidae (New Zealand wattlebirds) represented by Philesturnus carunculatus in our study. An estimated divergence time for Notiomystis and Philesturnus of 33.8 mya (Oligocene) suggests a very long evolutionary history of this clade in New Zealand. As a taxonomic interpretation of these data we place Notiomystis in a new family of its own which takes the name Notiomystidae. We expect this new phylogenetic and taxonomic information to assist policy decisions for the conservation of this rare bird.
4
Oliver, Damon L. „Activity budget of the regent honeyeater, Xanthomyza phrygia, in northern New South Wales“. Australian Journal of Zoology 49, Nr. 6 (2001): 695. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo00034.
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One of the suggested reasons for the decline of the endangered regent honeyeater, Xanthomyza phrygia, is a decrease in foraging efficiency and increase in competition for resources due to the loss, fragmentation and degradation of woodlands and other habitats in south-eastern Australia. This study investigated the general behaviour of regent honeyeaters over 26 months during breeding and non-breeding seasons at three distinct locations in northern New South Wales. At the three locations, regent honeyeaters spent, on average, 43–52% of total time foraging, 22–40% resting, 6–10% flying, and 1.8–2.9% involved in aggression. In the Bundarra–Barraba region, regent honeyeaters spent 24% of total time breeding. In 1994 in the Warrumbungle National Park, birds that fed primarily on nectar spent more time in aggressive acts than birds that fed mostly on lerp. In 1995 in the Bundarra–Barraba region, nectar-feeding birds spent significantly less time foraging and more time in aggressive acts than lerp-feeding birds. In 1994, regent honeyeaters at Howes Valley spent less time foraging and in aggression and greater time resting in the afternoon than at other times of the day. In 1996 in the Bundarra–Barraba region, birds spent the greatest amount of time in aggressive acts and the least amount of time resting in the morning compared with other times of the day. Non-breeding regent honeyeaters in the Bundarra–Barraba region spent more time foraging, less time resting and less time in aggression in 1995 than in 1996. Non-breeding birds, on average, chased other birds 12.5 times per hour compared with an average of 20 times for breeding birds. Regent honeyeaters displayed a behavioural repertoire and proportion of time in different activities that is typical of other honeyeaters. Overall, this study showed that regent honeyeaters are not consistently or frequently suffering from a lack of, or problems with access to, food.
5
Goulding, William, Patrick Moss und Clive McAlpine. „Additional notes on the life history of the Tagula Honeyeater Microptilotis vicina in Papua New Guinea“. Australian Field Ornithology 38 (2021): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.20938/afo38038043.
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We revisited a location to study previously individually marked Tagula Honeyeaters Microptilotis vicina in 2019, 3 years after the original 2016 study on Junet Island, Louisiade Archipelago, Papua New Guinea. Re-encountered Tagula Honeyeaters indicated sedentary behaviour across years and an average annual adult survival rate of ≥0.75. We made the first observations of building and laying at two nests, and recorded nesting habits in the species. Tagula Honeyeaters showed the general trend in the honeyeater family of only the female building the nest and incubating. Nests were similar to those previously observed and to those of related species. Clutch-size in both nests was two and laying was on consecutive days. Eggs were white to off-white, with a ring of liver-brown spots and markings around the larger end. Incubation began on the day that the second egg was laid and lasted 14 days in both nests. Males visited the nest area only after the eggs hatched. At one nest, the nestling period was suspected to be 12 days. These limited observations of the only endemic island representative in Microptilotis indicate that, like plumage characters, breeding parameters remain similar within the genus.
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STIRNEMANN, REBECCA L., MURRAY A. POTTER, DAVID BUTLER und EDWARD O. MINOT. „Slow life history traits in an endangered tropical island bird, the Ma’oma’o“. Bird Conservation International 26, Nr. 3 (30.09.2015): 366–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270915000234.
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SummaryAn effective conservation strategy for a species requires knowledge of its biology and life history. This applies to the endangered Ma’oma’o Gymnomyza samoensis, a honeyeater endemic to the Samoan archipelago. Now locally extinct in American Samoa, this species is currently found only in declining numbers on the islands of Upolu and Savai’i in Samoa. Despite being endangered, the life history and breeding behaviour of the Ma’oma’o has not been documented previously. Here we examine Ma’oma’o nesting and breeding biology, which are unique among studied honeyeaters and unusual for passerines in general. Ma’oma’o lay only a single egg per clutch and have an extended breeding season that occurs outside the rainy season and peaks during budburst. Allometric analysis of the length of the nesting period of different honeyeaters versus adult body weight showed that Ma’oma’o remain in the nest for a longer period than expected for their body size. The post-fledging dependency period of 2.5–3 months was also extended compared to other honeyeater species. No Ma’oma’o were observed re-nesting after successfully raising a chick, though pairs attempted to re-nest following breeding failure. Despite the extended breeding season, the maximum annual reproductive capacity of Ma’oma’o is limited by their one-egg clutch and failure to nest again after fledging one chick. We discuss how these slow life history traits can influence conservation strategies, affect monitoring and limit recovery.
7
Pyke, GH, M. Christy und RE Major. „Territoriality in Honeyeaters: Reviewing the Concept and Evaluating Available Information“. Australian Journal of Zoology 44, Nr. 3 (1996): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9960297.
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We define territorial behaviour as aggressive behaviour that occurs repeatedly in about the same location with associated submissive behaviour on the part of the individuals or groups to which the aggression is directed. Of a worldwide total of about 170 honeyeater species (Meliphagidae), 36 have been described as being territorial and we consider that 28 of these have been shown to satisfy our definition of territoriality. We discuss the consequences of territorial behaviour and the determination of the boundaries and areas of territories. We also review the available information regarding territorial behaviour exhibited by the New Holland honeyeater (Phylidonyris novaehollandiae), the most studied of all honeyeater species. We recommend that future descriptions of territorial behaviour attempt to determine the intensity of the behaviour, sharpness of the territory boundary, degree of exclusive use of the relevant resource, and the extent to which areas separate from the territory are used by the territory owner or owners. For territoriality to become a useful concept for honeyeaters, behaviour that leads to the label of 'territorial' must be fully documented.
8
Wooller, RD, KC Richardson und CM Pagendham. „The Digestion of Pollen by Some Australian Birds“. Australian Journal of Zoology 36, Nr. 4 (1988): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9880357.
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About one-third of all banksia pollen grains excreted 1-2 hours after ingestion by captive New Holland honeyeaters (Phylidonyris novaehollandiae), zebra finches (Poephila guttata) and budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus), had lost their protoplasmic contents. Most pollen passed through the digestive systems of these birds in 4-5 hours and up to 44% of grains were digested. The faeces of wild purple- crowned lorikeets (Glossopsitta porphyrocephala) showed a similar proportion of empty grains. In the budgerigar, honeyeater and lorikeet, loss of contents of pollen grains occurred, not in the stomach, but progressively along the intestine.
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Woodside, D. P., und G. H. Pyke. „A Comparison of Bats and Birds as Pollinators of Banksia integrifolia in Northern New South Wales, Australia.“ Australian Mammalogy 18, Nr. 1 (1995): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am95009.
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We captured Queensland Blossom Bats (Syconycteris australis) feeding at the flowers of Banksia integrifolia during the night and several honeyeater species feeding at the same flowers during the day. Nearby were flowering Melaleuca quinquenervia and various forested areas including littoral rainforest. Honeyeaters appear to be more frequent visitors to the Banksia flowers than Blossom Bats but less effective at transporting pollen. When they are feeding at Banksia flowers both birds and bats carry pollen on the parts of their bodies that contact successive inflorescences. Hence, both honeyeaters and bats are likely to be pollinators of B. integrifolia in our study area. However, the flowers produce nectar and dehisce pollen primarily at night, suggesting that Blossom Bats are more important than honeyeaters as pollinators of this plant. Banksia pollen was the most common item in the diet of the Blossom Bats during our study and the bats were able to digest the contents of this pollen. Interestingly, the diet of these animals also included relatively small amounts of Melaleuca pollen, fruit and arthropods. The spatial and temporal patterns of capture of the Blossom Bats suggested that Blossom Bats prefer to forage at Banksia flowers that are near to the forested areas and that adult bats may influence where and when younger bats feed. Banksia integrifolia appears to produce nectar mostly during the night and/or early morning in two different locations, one coastal and one on the tablelands, but shows different daily patterns of pollen anthesis in these locations.
10
Oliver, Damon L. „The breeding behaviour of the endangered regent honeyeater, Xanthomyza phrygia, near Armidale, New South Wales“. Australian Journal of Zoology 46, Nr. 2 (1998): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo97028.
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The regent honeyea ter, Xanthomyza phrygia, is an endangered woodland bird whose range and population size have decreased in the last thirty years. Suggested reasons for this decline include abnormal breeding behaviour, poor reproductive output, and excessive inter- and intra-specific aggression. This study investigated the breeding behaviour and aggressive interactions of regent honeyeaters during the nest construction, incubation, nestling, and fledgling stages in two consecutive breeding seasons in the Bundarra–Barraba region near Armidale, New South Wales. The female was entirely responsible for nest construction and incubation, which is typical of many honeyeaters. Both parents fed the nestlings, and at a similar rate, although only the female brooded chicks on the nest. Both parents fed the fledglings. The mean frequency at which nestlings (23 times per hour) and fledglings (29 times per hour) were fed is the highest published rate of any non-cooperative honeyeater. Breeding males were involved in significantly more aggressive interactions with conspecifics and other nectarivores than were females, although the overall percentage of day-time spent in aggression for both sexes was low (2.5%). It appears that abnormal breeding behaviour, poor reproductive effort, or excessive aggression are not experienced by this species in northern New South Wales, and that other factors are likely to be responsible for its current low population level.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Honeyeaters, NSW"
1
Saunders, Anthony S. J., University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College und of Science Food and Horticulture School. „Comparative ecology of the noisy friarbird Philemon corniculatus (Latham 1790) and the red wattlebird Anthochaera carunculata (Shaw 1790) in central eastern New South Wales“. THESIS_CSTE_SFH_Saunders_A.xml, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/780.
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Densities and behaviour of Noisy Friarbirds Philemon corniculatus and Red Wattlebirds Anthochaera carunculata were measured during 1992 and 1993 at six sites along an east-west transect through central New South Wales from the Central Coast through to the Central Western Slopes, and at Goobang National Park from 1993 to 1996. Both P. corniculatus and A. carunculata were found to be mostly canopy foragers with occasional forays into the shrub layer when food resources became available there. Flower-probing and foliage gleaning comprised the bulk of foraging behaviour. Most of the food resources used by these honeyeaters were seasonally unreliable and unpredictable, so that they needed to shift between foods and track them over hundreds of kilometres. A strong relationship was found between the densities of honeyeaters and the density of flowering trees at both regional and local scales. Sites on the western slopes were more important for nectar during winter and spring, while sites on the tablelands provided a greater diversity of foods over all seasons. When foraging at foliage, both honeyeaters were found to preferentially select Eucalyptus punctata. These two honeyeaters are very mobile and appear to cope within the fragmented landscape. Their ecological role as plant pollinators, seed dispersers and insect population limiters may have increased proportionally due to habitat fragmentation compared with less mobile species with similar ecological roles. Hence they may also have become more important in maintaining habitat patch qualityDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)
2
Saunders, Anthony S. J. „Comparative ecology of the noisy friarbird Philemon corniculatus (Latham 1790) and the red wattlebird Anthochaera carunculata (Shaw 1790) in central eastern New South Wales“. Thesis, View thesis, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/780.
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Densities and behaviour of Noisy Friarbirds Philemon corniculatus and Red Wattlebirds Anthochaera carunculata were measured during 1992 and 1993 at six sites along an east-west transect through central New South Wales from the Central Coast through to the Central Western Slopes, and at Goobang National Park from 1993 to 1996. Both P. corniculatus and A. carunculata were found to be mostly canopy foragers with occasional forays into the shrub layer when food resources became available there. Flower-probing and foliage gleaning comprised the bulk of foraging behaviour. Most of the food resources used by these honeyeaters were seasonally unreliable and unpredictable, so that they needed to shift between foods and track them over hundreds of kilometres. A strong relationship was found between the densities of honeyeaters and the density of flowering trees at both regional and local scales. Sites on the western slopes were more important for nectar during winter and spring, while sites on the tablelands provided a greater diversity of foods over all seasons. When foraging at foliage, both honeyeaters were found to preferentially select Eucalyptus punctata. These two honeyeaters are very mobile and appear to cope within the fragmented landscape. Their ecological role as plant pollinators, seed dispersers and insect population limiters may have increased proportionally due to habitat fragmentation compared with less mobile species with similar ecological roles. Hence they may also have become more important in maintaining habitat patch quality
3
McLachlan, Jessica Ruth. „Alarm calls and information use in the New Holland honeyeater“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/286585.
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Predation is a major source of mortality, resulting in strong selection on strategies to avoid being captured. Individuals have access to multiple sources of information on predation risk: they can detect danger directly themselves, and they can attend to behavioural cues or warning signals produced by others. Rapid responses are vital when hunted by aerial predators in particular, as split-second decisions can mean the difference between life and death. I studied New Holland honeyeaters, Phylidonyris novaehollandiae, as a model system to examine how alarm calls encode information about danger and to understand how this information is used by receivers. In Chapter 2, observational data showed that these honeyeaters produce multi-element, aerial alarm calls in response to flying threats. Male honeyeaters had more opportunities to detect threats than did females and showed a greater propensity to alarm call when presented with gliding model predators. In Chapter 3, a combination of observational data and model presentations demonstrated that aerial alarm calls encode urgency in both the number of elements, with more dangerous threats receiving more elements, and the acoustic structure of the first element. Playback presentations of alarm calls and video recordings to measure responses revealed that honeyeaters made extremely fast decisions about fleeing to cover based on the acoustic structure of the first alarm element, while the number of elements determined for how long they hid. These two chapters demonstrate that receivers have rapid access to detailed information about the type and degree of danger from conspecific alarm calls. In Chapter 4, I investigated how birds integrate personal information about danger with social information from alarm calls. Perched birds were faster to detect model predators than feeding birds, suggesting that they have greater access to personal information. Consistent with this, perched birds were less likely to flee to cover in response to alarm playbacks than foraging birds. Birds also fled less in response to less urgent social information, such as playbacks of more distant alarm calls, and less relevant social information, in the form of calls from another species with overlapping but not identical threats. In Chapter 5, I tested how honeyeaters value social information about danger derived from single versus multiple sources, both within and across species. Birds paid attention to the number of independent signallers when assessing information from both conspecifics and heterospecifics, responding more strongly to playbacks of alarm calls from two sources than a single source, but they also moderated their responses according to signal relevance. Together, these results show that birds make flexible decisions about danger by integrating information from multiple sources and assessing its quality, allowing them to mitigate the costs of fleeing to false, or irrelevant, alarms while taking advantage of the multitude of information provided by the prey community's neighbourhood watch.
4
Saunders, Anthony S. J. „Comparative ecology of the noisy friarbird Philemon corniculatus (Latham 1790) and the red wattlebird Anthochaera carunculata (Shaw 1790) in central eastern New South Wales“. View thesis, 2004. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20051109.165350/index.html.
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Kusuma, Yuni Dra Luh Putu Eswaryanti. „Time energy budget of the New Holland honeyeater Phylidonyris novaehollandiae (Aves: Meliphagidae) near Hobart, Tasmania“. Thesis, 2003. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/20562/1/whole_KusumaYuniDraLuhPutuEswaryanti2003_thesis.pdf.
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The New Holland honeyeater Phylidonyris novaehollandiae is a member of
the family Meliphagidae, which is one of Australia's dominant passerine families
(Ford and Paton, 1977). Many siu-dies have been conducted on this species in
mainland Australia (e.g. Paton, 1981; 1982; McFarland, 1986) but there is much less
data from Tasmania. This study was conducted near Hobart, Tasmania (S 42° 54'
10", E 147° 19' 26", average 50 m a.s.1). The site consisted of two adjacent habitats,
one was dry sclerophyll forest and the other, a modified man-made habitat.
The first stage of this study was the determination of time budgets. The
activities of the New Holland honeyeater were found to be significantly different
both seasonally and diurnally. The time proportion for foraging exceeded the time
proportion for other activities throughout the year. The study also found that the
major diet of this bird was nectar in all seasons of the year, while other non-nectar
carbohydrate sources such as manna, lerp or honeydew were found to be less
important in this study. The bird also spent a small proportion of their foraging time
to feed on insects to satisfy their protein requiremeni's.
. During the study on time budget activity, observations on various aspects of
the breeding of the New Holland honeyeater were also conducted. The birds in this
study had a lengthy breeding season from early winter to mid-summer. The birds
were multi-brooded and the mean clutch 'size was 2.14 ±. 'S .E 0.13. The parental roles
and nesting activity observed were similar to the earlier studies in mainland
Australia.
The second stage involved measurement of the basal metabolic rate. This was
found to be higher (5.12 ± 0.14 ml g-1hr-1 ) than in the same species from mainland
Australia probably because the colder climate in Tasmania is more energetically
demanding, therefore the birds enhance their thermogenesis with an increased basal
metabolic rate. The basal metabolic rate did not vary seasonally perhaps because the
birds reside in a temperate climate and are prepared for the stress of changing seasons by making physiological and behavioural adaptations that allow the birds to
survive throughout the year in Hobart, Tasmania.
The third section deals with the time energy budget of the New Holland
honeyeater. The time energy budget did not vary seasonally (153.95 -1- 4.5 in spring,
134.00 ± 7.5 in summer, 130.10 -± 10.7 in autumn and 123.00 1- 7.5 in winter) as the
bird balance the time and energy allocation for their activities in facing the varying
energy demands of their annual cycle.
Buchteile zum Thema "Honeyeaters, NSW"
1
„HONEYEATERS: Meliphagidae“. In Birds of New Guinea, 403–22. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400865116.403.
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