Dissertationen zum Thema „History of the 20th - 21st centuries“
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Duran, Alejandro A. „The Iranian Green Movement and the Journey of Democracy in the 20th and 21st Centuries“. Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1315.
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The Green Movement of 2009 was a moment where the Iranians took to the streets and protested for democracy. This is nothing new, throughout the whole 20th century gave Iranian people many different options of their country. This thesis examines those moments and differentiates the Green Movement as an event that is unique in that it has not yet led to top-down reforms. Previous literature has yet to incorporate the Green Movement in contemporary analysis of Iranian history.
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Ward, Robert (Robert Clark). „Passion Settings of the 20th- and 21st- Centuries Focusing on Craig Hella Johnson's Considering Matthew Shepard“. Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc862740/.
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Craig Hella Johnson (b. 1963) has emerged as a leader in choral music over the last 20 years. As the conductor of the Austin, TX based chorus Conspirare Johnson implemented the European model of bringing singers together from all over the country to assemble for concerts and recordings over a short period of time. He is known for his collage programs which bring together many styles of music bound by a central theme. Through these programs he has written and arranged many pieces which are now published and being performed by choirs across the globe. Johnson's most significant work to date is a 90 minute passion oratorio which details the story of Matthew Shepard, a college student murdered in a hate crime in 1998. Considering Matthew Shepard (2016) is a wonderful example of Johnson's composition and programming style. Though not a traditional passion story, it is part of the evolution of the genre in the 20th and 21st centuries. The passion oratorio has seen a resurgence in the past 50 years and has undergone a transformation in that time. These new works pay homage to the history of the genre but have begun to stretch it in terms of form and content. This study will highlight the evolution of the passion oratorio focusing on Johnson's Considering Matthew Shepard and offer some insight into the composers style and how this work represents a modern treatment of the passion oratorio.
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NOGUEIRA, Leo Carrer. „Umbanda em Goiânia [manuscrito]: das origens ao movimento federativo (1948-2003)“. Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/2346.
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Previous issue date: 2009-05-05As a hybrid religion, Umbanda has elements of different sources in its daily practices. Thus, it doesn t have, necessarily, a single and centralized doctrine, in spite of several leaders had tried to impose a unified doctrine to it. That was one of the roles of several Umbanda Federations during the 20th century. Another role was to protect the shrines against the persecutions and repressions made by the State, Catholicism and the press. Therefore, the federations tried to protect the shrines and, on the other hand, they tried to control and centralize the religion, in its doctrines and socially. In the state of Goiás such control was held by the Umbanda and Candomblé Federation of Goiás, established in 1969 in Goiânia City. This dissertation, therefore, has as main objective to analyze the path of the religion in Goiânia, focusing its origins; the action of the Federation; as well as the conflicts and tensions created between it, the State repressive apparels and the shrines, from 1948 until 2003, when Goiânia was the scenario of a public repudiation of Umbanda, by some neo-Pentecostal churches against the exposition of seven sculptures depicting Orixás in a park of the city, which is known as Vaca-Brava Episode
Como religião híbrida, a Umbanda agrega elementos de diferentes matrizes religiosas em sua prática diária. Isto faz com que ela não tenha, necessariamente, uma doutrina única e centralizada, apesar de vários líderes já terem tentado impor a ela uma doutrina unificada. Este foi um dos papéis das várias Federações de Umbanda surgidas no Brasil ao longo do século XX. A outra função seria a de proteger os terreiros contra as perseguições e repressões por eles sofridas, por parte do Estado, do catolicismo e da imprensa. Assim, enquanto de um lado as federações tentavam proteger aos terreiros, de outro elas mesmas exerciam um controle e buscavam centralizar a religião, tanto social quanto doutrinariamente. Em Goiás tal poder foi exercido pela Federação de Umbanda e Candomblé de Goiás, surgida em 1969 na cidade de Goiânia. Nosso trabalho, portanto, tem por objetivo analisar a trajetória da religião em Goiânia, tendo como foco suas origens, a ação da Federação, os conflitos e tensões criados entre ela, os aparelhos repressores do Estado e o terreiros, entre os anos de 1948 e de 2003, quando Goiânia foi palco de uma manifestação pública de repúdio à Umbanda, protagonizada por algumas igrejas neo-pentecostais ao protestarem contra uma exposição de vários Orixás em um parque da cidade, caso que ficou conhecido como Episódio Vaca-Brava
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Vincent, Alana M. „Memorialisation and Jewish Theology in the 20th and 21st centuries : monument, narrative, liturgy“. Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2010. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2006/.
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This thesis is an exploration of the relationship between the understanding of the past and the practice of theology. It is built around three major case studies: the history of interpretation of the commandment to blot out the memory of Amalek (Deuteronomy 25:17-19), the commemoration of the First World War in Canada, and the development of post-Holocaust theology. Linking these cases are issues of theological response to (or justification for) violence, and tensions between individual and collective identity. Part I focuses on Deuteronomy 25:17-19, and the internal contradiction between the commandments to remember and blot out the memory of Amalek. The passage is analysed both in terms of language and reception history, with special attention paid to Rabbinic interpretations from the 19th and 20th centuries (sermons and commentaries generated during or immediately after the German Reform movement, the American Civil War, and the Nazi occupation of Poland). This reading prompts two further strands of analysis, which are pursued separately: the distinction between the remembering commanded in the passage and concepts of memory active in the Western philosophical tradition prior to the 20th century, and the place this passage has in a larger tradition of religious and secular discourse on acceptable justifications for violence, again in both Jewish and more broadly Western thought. Part II takes up these themes, beginning with an historically contextualised reading of two versions of Antigone—one written by Sophocles in the early days of the Athenian Empire, and the other by Jean Anouilh during the Second World War. Both of these focus on a dead body as the site of ideological contestation between divergent identity narratives—a conflict that is also apparent in negotiations over the memorialisation of the First World War, which is the main focus of this part. A close reading of novels from L. M. Montgomery‘s Anne of Green Gables series, published before, during, and just after the war reveals that the First World War partly destabilised the individual-focused structures of memorialisation that were in place prior to its beginning, in favour of structures which enforced the collective identity of the soldiers who died in the war; while much of this instability could be (and was) addressed in existing theological language, the war nevertheless left a mark on Canadian society and religious practice. This part concludes with an examination of the Canadian National Monument at Vimy, conducted via archival documentation of the monument‘s design and construction and then through a reading of The Stone Carvers, a recent novel which re-imagines the circumstances documented in the archives through the eyes of one war veteran and his family. This dual reading also demonstrates the instability of memorials, the tendency of their meaning to shift over time. Part III commences with a discussion of the shift in memorial forms precipitated by the Holocaust. I contend that the tendency to memorialise the Holocaust with complex museum narratives betrays an anxiety about the intended audience of these memorials, which points in turn to the degree to which the Holocaust upset previous cultural and religious worldviews. This section focuses on theological and literary attempts to record and respond to the ruptures caused by the Holocaust, with specific reference to two recent novels by Jewish Candian women which, taken together, provide a constructive interruption to overly tidy narratives of national and religious identity.
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Gullo, Anne Sophie. „L'oeuvre en prose (2001-2014) d'Alejandro Lopez Andrada : vers l'élégie“. Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC026.
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Alejandro López Andrada, poète, romancier et essayiste appartenant à la « génération des fils » comme la nomme Juan Vila, retrace le passé perdu ou en voie de disparition de son Andalousie natale. Sa prose se démarque par son caractère élégiaque et en dépit de la diversité générique qui caractérise ses œuvres, celles-ci ont en commun l’expression d’un sentiment nostalgique. Cette étude s’attache à présenter, en premier lieu, la voix narrative qui s’exprime dans le corpus choisi ainsi que la subjectivité qui la définit, puis, dans un second temps, les modes d’expression de cette nostalgie à travers l’exaltation de l’enfance dans laquelle s’inscrit la représentation de la terre natale andalouse. Enfin, la dernière partie de ce travail est consacrée à l’humanisme chrétien qui se dégage des textes, lesquels traduisent ainsi la foi personnelle de l’auteur. Celle-ci se manifeste notamment par l’expression de l’amour de l’Autre, de la revendication de valeurs et modes de vie renvoyant à nouveau à la période de l’enfance de l’auteur et par le poids important du religieux dans l’ensemble de son œuvreAlejandro Lopez Andrada, a poet, novelist and essayist from the "generation of sons" as Juan Vila calls it, traces the lost or disappearing past of his native Andalusia.His prose is notable for its elegiac character and despite the generic diversity that characterises his works, they all express a feeling of nostalgia.This study aims to present, in the first instance, the narrative voice that is expressed in the chosen corpus as well as the subjectivity that defines it, and, secondly, the expression of this nostalgia through the exaltation of childhood, in which the representation of the Andalusian homeland is enshrined. Finally, the last part of this work is devoted to the Christian humanism that emerges from the texts, which reflect the author's own personal faith. This particularly manifests itself in the expression of love of the Other, in the demand for the values and way of life which hark back to the author's childhood and by the weight given to the importance of religion in all his work
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Schuenemann, Keah Camille. „Analysis of the synoptic forcing of Greenland precipitation in the 20th and 21st centuries“. Connect to online resource, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3337152.
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Dudas, Stephen P. „A Jug Full of Stars: The Poetry of Childhood in the 20th and 21st Centuries“. Miami University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami161678986029086.
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Corbett, Joseph. „Captain John Smith and American Identity: Evolutions of Constructed Narratives and Myths in the 20th and 21st Centuries“. Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5618.
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Historical narratives and anecdotes concerning Captain John Smith have been told and retold throughout the entire history the United States of America, and they have proved to be sacred, influential, and contested elements in the construction of the individual, sectional, regional, and national identity of many. In this thesis, I first outline some of the history of how narratives and discourses surrounding Captain John Smith were directly connected with the identity of many Americans during the 18th and 19th century, especially Virginians and Southerners. Then I outline how these narratives and discourses from the 18th and 19th centuries have continued and evolved in the 20th and 21st centuries in American scholarship and popular culture. I demonstrate how Captain John Smith went from being used as a symbol for regional and sectional identity to a symbol for broader national American identity, and how he has anachronistically come to be considered an American. I then show how Captain John Smith has continued to be constructed, to a seemingly larger degree than previous centuries, as a hero of almost mythic proportions. Finally I demonstrate how this constructed American hero is used as a posterchild for various interest groups and ideologies in order to legitimize the places of certain discourses and behavior within constructed and contested American identities.M.A.
Masters
History
Arts and Humanities
History; Public History
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Plaiche, Anza Karel. „États et écritures de violence en Afrique contemporaine : la représentation des conflits armés et des violences de masse dans les fictions africaines subsahariennes francophones“. Thesis, La Réunion, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LARE0031/document.
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Ce travail de recherche examine la représentation de l'expérience des violences extrêmes dans l'espace fictionnel contemporain de l'Afrique subsaharienne francophone. Les nombreuses fictions en prose produites dans le sillage des conflits armés des années 90 et du génocide au Rwanda soulèvent des interrogations liées à la représentation de la douleur, de la cruauté et de la mort ainsi qu’à l'éthique de l'art. Comment le texte littéraire met-il en récit les événements traumatiques ? Comment l'écrivain pense et problématise-t-il des crises extrêmes relevant de l'histoire immédiate ? Selon quelles modalités littéraires sont-elles constituées en un objet de connaissance et de sensibilisation ? Et quelles sont les stratégies langagières et esthétiques privilégiées pour transmettre la mémoire des atrocités dans une visée de témoignage ou de réflexion critique ? Cette thèse explore la mise en écriture de ces drames collectifs qui inaugurent, sur les plans historique et socioculturel, une nouvelle ère de violence en Afrique subsaharienne. Dans ce contexte, nous nous intéressons surtout aux ouvrages qui – en raison des choix formels et stylistiques singuliers adoptés par leurs auteurs – se caractérisent par une radicalisation du discours et des scénographies particulièrement violentes. Cette étude qui, au final, interroge les pouvoirs et les possibles limites de l'art dans la représentation de faits de violence extrême analyse un vaste corpus de romans et de nouvelles parus entre 1998 et 2010 et propose une approche pluridisciplinaire, puisant, à côté des théories littéraires et esthétiques, dans l'histoire, la sociologie, l'anthropologie et la psychiatrieThis research project examines the representation of the experience of extreme violence in the contemporary fictional space of Sub-Saharan Francophone Africa. The numerous works of prose fiction written in the wake of the armed conflicts of the 1990s and the Rwandan genocide raise questions related to the representation of pain, cruelty and death as well as to the ethics of art. How do literary texts put into narrative traumatic events? How do writers think and problematize extreme crises of immediate history? By the means of what literary modalities are these crises constituted into an object of knowledge and awareness? And what esthetic and language strategies have been privileged to convey the memory of the atrocities in order toprovide testimony or aim at critical reflection? This thesis explores the writing of the collective tragedies that, from a historical and socio-cultural perspective, mark the start of a new period of violence in Sub-Saharan Africa. In this context, we are focusing predominantly on texts that are characterized – through the distinctive choices of form and style operated by the authors – by a radicalization of discourse and particularly violent plots and esthetics. This research which interrogates the powers and the possible limits of art in the representation of facts of extreme violence analyses an extensive corpus of novels and short stories published between 1998 and 2010 and suggests a multidisciplinary approach which, next to literary and esthetic theories, draws on history, sociology, anthropology and psychiatry
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Ramugondo, Elelwani. „Intergenerational shifts and continuities in children's play within a rural Venda family in the early 20th and 21st centuries“. Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12113.
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Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 235-252).
This research involved studying the childhood play of three generations within one family based in the Venda region, Limpopo Province, South Africa. Two main questions were asked: 1. What is the nature of intergenerational shifts or continuities in children?s play within one Venda family? 2. What are the factors that bring about the shifts or continuities? The Gudani family was studied as a single case. The case study was approached with an understanding proposed by Stake (1998, 2008) and supported by others like Flyvbjerg (2006), who regard it not always a research method, but also the object of study. Handling the family as a bounded system, information was gathered from multiple sources, situating the case within its context. Interviews were conducted with a grandparent, the parents and children in order to gain an understanding of their childhood play, foregrounding participants' own view of what constitutes play. In addition, an ethnographic lens was used to investigate the third generation's everyday culture, with specific attention to their play.
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Ortega, Selena. „Chavez Ravine and Boyle Heights| 20th and 21st Century Displacement of Mexican Communities“. Thesis, California State University, Los Angeles, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10245743.
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This study examines and analyzes displacement, under the guise of redevelopment, in urban Mexican communities in Los Angeles-- Chávez Ravine (1944-1959) and Boyle Heights (2000-2015). This investigation also chronicles and interprets the urban renewal process as a systematic attack on the Mexican working- class and disenfranchisement of their communities. This analysis presents qualitative evidence to show the individual impacts associated with involuntary displacement. Furthermore these cases of displacement blocked the economic mobility of displaced residents of Chávez Ravine and Boyle Heights and the impact extends beyond those directly displaced. Beyond gentrification, a review of these cases, within approximately seven decades of displacement patterns, reveal the broader politics of contesting Mexican social and economic status in Los Angeles. Redevelopment maintains an economic and social order that intergenerationally disadvantages Mexican populations.
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Levi, Rachel M. „A Digital Crisis? Art History and Its Reproductions in the 20th and 21st Century“. Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/689.
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This thesis analyzes the emergence, presence, and use of digital reproductions in the scholarship of art history and how these reproductions impact individual encounters with art. It will address matters related to the authenticity of reproductions, the development of modern technologies, and the rise of new media, reflecting on issues related to integrating technology into the discipline and proposing how to deal with the digital reproductions in the study of art history.
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Brea-Martínez, Gabriel. „Social reproduction and inequality in the Barcelona area, 15th -20th centuries“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/665793.
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Esta tesis es una compilación de cuatro publicaciones en las que se abarca con una perspectiva a largo plazo los mecanismos familiares de reproducción social y las tendencias generales de desigualdad socioeconómica en el área de Barcelona entre los siglos XV y XX. Los mecanismos familiares de reproducción social se entienden como los elementos económicos, institucionales, legales, políticos y/o culturales que las familias utilizan para mantener, mejorar y/o transmitir el status social heredado y/o adquirido. Estos se canalizan a través de la influencia familiar de dos medios principales, la transmisión o movilidad social intergeneracional (de ascendientes a descendientes) y la movilidad social intrageneracional (de un individuo a lo largo de su ciclo vital). En este sentido, la reproducción social está interrelacionada con los niveles de desigualdad socioeconómica existentes en diferentes contextos históricos. Se han utilizado datos de la Barcelona Historical Marriage Database (1481-1880) así como la Sant Feliu de Llobregat Longituinal Demographic Database (1828-1940), todo ello en el seno de dos proyectos de investigación, el ‘Five Centuries of Marriages’ y ‘Tecnología e innovación ciudadana en la construcción de redes sociales históricas para la comprensión del legado demográfico’ (XARXES) respectivamente. Entre los hallazgos más importantes de esta tesis se puede concluir que la transmisión intergeneracional preindustrial era alta, sobre todo en el grupo de los campesinos y de los artesanos y principalmente para los primeros hijos como cabría esperar para una sociedad de Antiguo Régimen donde el sistema hereditario se basaba en el heredero único. Sin embargo, pese a que el sistema hereditario por definición se basaba en la desigualdad entre hermanos/as, no se ha observado desclasamiento de los hermanos y hermanas no herederos. De hecho, se aprecia como las hermanas serán las que se casarán más fuera de su grupo social de origen, un hecho refuerza la importancia de la unidad familiar de “casa” en las sociedades agrícolas catalanas como la historiografía apunta. No obstante, durante la industrialización. se encuentran evidencias empíricas del declive del sistema de heredero único, ya que la progresión social de hermanos no herederos enseñó mejor trayectoria laboral que hermanos herederos, debido a las nuevas oportunidades en una estructura ocupacional cambiante. En este sentido, se demuestra como la influencia familiar en el destino social de sus descendientes disminuyó, aunque no desapareció, contrariamente a lo que apuntan teorías como la de la modernización, ayudando a entender la evolución histórica del sistema familiarista de las sociedades actuales de países del sur de Europa. Por lo que atañe a la desigualdad económica, una estimación continua a largo plazo para cuatro siglos en un área extensa y de importancia económica y política como ha sido el área de Barcelona ha podido constatar que la disparidad económica fue más alta en épocas preindustriales debido a la sociedad estamental de antiguo régimen, al contrario de lo que se había defendido tradicionalmente. Sin embargo, a través de la reconstrucción de la estructura ocupacional se encuentran evidencias de que el importante crecimiento de la desigualdad económica en la industrialización se debe mayoritariamente por un importante efecto de proletarización. Finalmente, la ulterior conclusión referente a la interrelación entre el papel de la familia y la desigualdad económica en esta tesis ha enseñado que pese a la importante presencia de la familia, las barreras entre clases sociales no se han roto en casi cinco siglos, un elemento que se conecta con la actual preocupación en relación a las disminución de la movilidad en nuestras sociedades.This thesis includes a compilation of four publications with a long-term perspective on the mechanisms of social reproduction and the general trends of socioeconomic inequality in the Barcelona area between the fifteenth and the nineteenth centuries. The familial mechanisms of social reproduction encompass economic, institutional, legal, political, and/or cultural mechanisms for maintaining, improving, and / or transmitting the acquired or inherited social positions or tangible and intangible assets. Such mechanisms are channeled through family influence by two main means, the intergenerational transmission or social mobility (from ancestors to descendants) and the intragenerational social mobility (of an individual throughout his / her life cycle). In this sense, social reproduction is interrelated with the levels of socioeconomic inequality existing in different historical contexts. The data used in this thesis was provided by the Barcelona Historical Database of Marriage (1481-1880) and the Sant Feliu de Llobregat Longituinal Demographic Database (1828-1940), both developed within the projects el ‘Five Centuries of Marriages’ y ‘Tecnología e innovación ciudadana en la construcción de redes sociales históricas para la comprensión del legado demográfico’ (XARXES) respectively. Among the most important findings in this thesis it can be concluded that the peindustrial intergenerational transmission of social status was indeed high, especially among peasants and artisans and mainly for the first children as would be expected in an Old Regime society based on an inheritance with the principle of impartibility. However, despite the fact that the hereditary system by definition was based on the inequality between siblings, there was not downward social mobility of non-heir brothers and sisters. In fact, non-heir females used to marry out the social group as a strategy, a fact that reinforces the importance of the family unit of the “casa” (house) in the Catalan agricultural societies as historiography pointed out. Nevertheless, during the industrialisation era, there are evidences pointing out that the single-heir inheritance system declined, due to a major social progression of non-heir siblings than heirs within the new occupational opportunities emerged. Accordingly, the influence of family in the social fate of descendants decreased over time but did not vanish, in contrast to what was argued by classical theories as the Modernization one, which also can be interpreted by the importance of the family strong ties in Southern European countries. Regarding the economic inequality, the long term estimation conducted across four centuries in an extensive geographic zone as the Barcelona area showed that inequality was indeed higher on preindustrial societies than in the industrial period. The reason for this would seem to be the preindustrial ordered social structure contributing to a more unequal society than the industrial one based on skilled and unskilled occupations. However, industrialisation brought about a new situation, where likely processes of proletarianization induced a new kind of inequality. Finally, the last conclusion refers to the interrelation between the role played by families and the economic inequality, which has been seen in this thesis that although the family importance in social reproduction, the social barriers between social classes were never broken throughout five centuries, an element that may be linked to the present concern about the decrease in social mobility in our societies.
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McNeese, Lauren. „The Shrinking Opera Diva: The Impact of Sociocultural Changes upon the Casting of Women in the 20th and 21st Centuries“. Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc984190/.
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For most of the twentieth century, opera singers were not beholden to the ideal physical standard of women dictated by popular culture, but rather focused on serving the music and perfecting their artistry. Unprecedented sociocultural changes throughout the twentieth century exposed the shifting ideals of each generation and how they were promoted through mass media and advertising. This thesis surveys the time period of the 1890s to the present day for the purpose of analyzing cultural trends, philosophies and technologies that shaped the century. Societal pressure to make the body a project and the focus of one's own intense attention now reflects back onto the opera stage where audience members expect to see what society has dictated to be an acceptable female form. Artistic and stage directors are influenced by society's decree that only thin is beautiful, imbedding into the mindset of the art form notions that now affect how female professional opera singers are depicted and even employed.
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Ferguson, Benjamin. „Rethinking the Last Frontier : Anglophone travel literature about Alaska in the 20th and 21st centuries – writing, ethics and environmental responsibility“. Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASK002.
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Cette thèse s’articule autour de trois champs littéraires : études environnementales, études arctiques, et littérature de voyage. Elle s’attache essentiellement à traiter des responsabilités éthiques d’un étranger(e) arrivant dans une région isolée comme l’Alaska, avec ses démographies diverses et ses biomes uniques. Dans cette perspective, la discussion des questions environnementales se retrouve très souvent en première ligne de la conversation dans la littérature de voyage “moderne”.Le terme “moderne” est ici mis entre guillemets car il est fondamentalement subjectif. L’ère de l’Alaska moderne peut être délimitée par divers marqueurs chronologiques, notamment ce millénaire, avec son basculement par le changement climatique et les discussions autour des droits d’animaux. Cependant, deux autres dates sont plus incisives : 1977 lorsque le pétrole a commencé à s’écouler de Prudhoe Bay sur la côte arctique vers Valdez, traversant l’état dans le Trans-Alaska Pipeline System ; et 1959 quand l’Alaska est devenu officiellement le 49ème Etat des Etats-Unis. C’est finalement cette dernière date qui a été retenue, la précédente symbolisant plutôt la culmination d’un long processus qui avait déjà bouleversé l’identité de l’Etat de lui-même, y compris par l’ouverture de vannes financières pour remplir la caisse du gouvernement.Six oeuvres primaires ont été sélectionnées, de 1959 à nos jours, avec une approche de la diversité : des intérêts, des démographies, de la chronologie, de la géographie, et du style. Les oeuvres sont Oomingmak: The Expedition to Musk Ox Island in the Bering Sea (1967) de Peter Matthiessen ; Coming into the Country: Travels in Alaska (1977) de John McPhee ; Arctic Dreams: Imagination and Desire in a Northern Landscape (1986) de Barry Lopez ; Ancient Land, Sacred Whale: The Inuit Hunt and its Rituals (1993) de Tom Lowenstein ; Passage to Juneau: A Sea and its Meanings (1999) de Jonathan Raban ; et Beluga Days: Tracking a White Whale’s Truths (2003) de Nancy Lord. Ces oeuvres explorent des gammes géographiques et démographiques de la côte arctique du nord- ouest et sa culture Iñupiat, l’Alaska du sud-ouest des Yup’ik, le Cook Inlet et le bol d’Anchorage et ses autochtones urbains ainsi que ses Dena’ina, l’intérieur de l’Alaska et ses Athabaskan, et les Tlingits et Haidas du sud-est.La thèse est structurée en trois parties : une historiographie qui cadre la politique et la culture de l’Alaska moderne ; une analyse littéraire directe des oeuvres primaires, déclinée sur différents thèmes ; et une application prescriptive éclairée par la méta-discussion actuelle dans les études environnementalesThis thesis is centered around three primary literary focuses: environmental studies, Arctic studies, and travel writing. Essentially, the subject to be treated is the ethical responsibilities of an outsider when entering into an isolated region such as Alaska, with its extraordinary demographic diversity and unique biomes, particularly when discussing environmental issues, which are very often at the forefront of conversation in “modern” travel writing.As for parameters, “modern” is in quotations as the term is inherently subjective. The modern Alaska timeframe could be set up in numerous ways, including this millennium, with its shift into climate change and animal rights discussions, but two other dates are more trenchant: 1977 when the first oil flowed from Prudhoe Bay on the Arctic Coast latitudinally southward to Valdez on the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System, and 1959 when Alaska officially became the 49th US state. The latter date was chosen, as the former was merely the culmination of a long process that had already upended the state’s identity of itself, including the arrival of ostensibly endless flows of money into government coffers.Furthermore, six primary works were chosen, from 1959 to the present moment, with an eye toward diversity: of interests, of demographics, of chronology, of geography, and of style. The works are Peter Matthiessen’s Oomingmak: The Expedition to Musk Ox Island in the Bering Sea (1967); John McPhee’s Coming into the Country: Travels in Alaska (1977); Barry Lopez’ Arctic Dreams: Imagination and Desire in a Northern Landscape (1986); Tom Lowenstein’s Ancient Land, Sacred Whale: The Inuit Hunt and its Rituals (1993); Jonathan Raban’s Passage to Juneau: A Sea and its Meanings (1999); and Nancy Lord’s Beluga Days: Tracking a White Whale’s Truths (2003). These six works explore geographic and demographic ranges from the Northwest Arctic coast of Iñupiat culture, Southwest Alaska of the Yup’ik, Cook Inlet and Anchorage Bowl Urban Native and Dena’ina culture, Interior Alaska Athabaskan culture, and Southeast Alaska Tlingit and Haida culture.The thesis is ordered into three parts: a historiography framing the current political and cultural moment in the state; a direct literary analysis of the primary works, broken up into themes discussed therein; and a prescriptive application informed by the current meta-discussion taking place in environmental studies
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Fernández, Iturrate Íñigo. „Life as a couple in the late 20th and early 21st centuries: how do men's and women's socioeconomic resources influence union stability?“ Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/392640.
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This thesis evaluates whether the increasing socioeconomic resources of women and men and the distribution of work within the couple have an effect on union instability. On the one hand, it assesses each spouse’s satisfaction with the union, testing the differences between partners in their perceptions of the quality of the marriage. On the other hand, it studies the stability of the relationship, focusing on the risk of dissolution over time and differentiating between cohabiting and married unions. The focus is on the factors that account for this stability and whether their effects differ by type of couple, both from the perspective of the individual (distinguishing between men and women) and of the couple. The findings suggest that the nature of marriage is different from that of cohabitation and that cohabiting partners are more susceptible to the internal and external negative conditions that unions have to deal with. Finally, the thesis demonstrates that it is important to take into account, if possible, the responses of both partners.Esta tesis evalúa si el incremento en los recursos socioeconómicos de mujeres y hombres y la distribución del trabajo dentro de la pareja afectan a la estabilidad de la unión. Por un lado, investiga la satisfacción individual con la pareja, investigando las diferencias en las percepciones de la calidad de la relación. Por otro lado, estudia la estabilidad de la relación, centrándose en el riesgo de separación en el tiempo y diferenciando entre parejas que cohabitan y parejas que se casan. En concreto, analiza los factores que pueden incidir en la estabilidad y comprueba si sus efectos difieren por tipo de pareja desde una perspectiva individual (diferenciando entre hombres y mujeres) y desde una perspectiva de pareja. Los resultados de los análisis parecen indicar que la naturaleza del matrimonio es diferente de la naturaleza de la cohabitación y que los cohabitantes son más vulnerables a las condiciones negativas, tanto internas como externas, a las que tienen que hacer frente las parejas. Por último, esta tesis demuestra que es importante, si es posible, tener en cuenta la información de los dos miembros de la pareja.
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Smith, Olga. „Between reality and fiction : the art of French photography since the 1970s“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610275.
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Willis, Jennifer. „Foreign language learning and technology in England from the 17th to 21st centuries : an investigation into the functional and symbolic values attributed to foreign languages in England over four centuries of technological change“. Thesis, University of Surrey, 2003. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/1000/.
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Lee, Landis R. „They wore what? : style and social roles of boots in mid-19th and early 20th centuries Nevada /“. abstract and full text PDF (UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1461541.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Nevada, Reno, 2008."December 2008." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 135-138). Library also has microfilm. Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [2009]. 1 microfilm reel ; 35 mm. Online version available on the World Wide Web.
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Selway, David. „Collective memory in the mining communities of South Wales“. Thesis, University of Sussex, 2017. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/70562/.
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Coal mining communities across Britain have often been argued to have possessed powerful collective memories of past struggles, though such memories have, as yet, been little studied. This thesis is a study of the collective memory of the interwar years within the mining communities of south Wales, and explores the ways in which the great strikes and lockouts, underground accidents, the interwar depression, and clashes with police and strike-breakers were remembered by the men and women of the coalfield. Using nearly 200 oral history interviews that were recorded in the 1970s, alongside newspapers, political and trade union records, novels and other sources, this study examines collective remembering as a reciprocal interaction between the public representations of the past, and the memories and attitudes of individuals. It argues, firstly, that individual memory did not just reflect or rework discourses about past events, but was itself an important agent in shaping and creating collective understandings of that history. Those individual memories remained integral to those collective memories, rather than being subsumed within or subjugated by them. It also suggests that the relationship between individual and collective memory should not be seen as necessarily oppositional, nor as between two distinct and separate types of memory, but rather as a spectrum. Secondly, it argues that the experiences of the inter-war years were understood and remembered within a number of distinct temporalities. Strikes and protests were often recalled within a linear framework, accidents underground were understood as a cyclical experience, whilst the depression was seen as a discontinuous rupture. It thus argues that conceptions of historical time were not singular, but plural and overlapping, and were themselves shaped and transformed by historical events. It thus traces understandings of time and how these changed at a popular level, rather than an intellectual or cultural one, through examining the memories, thoughts and attitudes of the men and women of the south Wales coalfield.
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Durian, David. „A New Perspective on Vowel Variation Across the 19th and 20th Centuries in Columbus, OH“. The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1356279130.
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Gómez, Gálvez Mauricio. „Les formes d’appropriation dans la musique savante chilienne, XXe-XXIe siècles : transfert culturel, acculturation, métissage“. Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040149.
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Cette thèse se focalise sur l’étude de quatre compositeurs chiliens contemporains de la seconde moitié du XXe siècle/début du XXIe (Cirilo Vila, Sergio Ortega, Patricio Wang et Andrés González), dont l’échelonnement générationnel permet d’embrasser un demi siècle de musique, et ayant pour dénominateur commun le fait d’avoir mené des carrières dans l’espace « euro-latinoaméricain ». La première partie de la thèse présente un panorama succinct de la musique savante chilienne dès l’indépendance du pays au XIXe siècle, en mettant l’accent sur le processus d’institutionnalisation de la vie musicale au pays, ainsi que sur les discours explicitement ou implicitement énoncés sur l’identité nationale/culturelle en musique. La deuxième partie analyse en détail, à travers une approche biographique, les parcours transnationaux et les œuvres des quatre compositeurs choisis, afin de comprendre, entre autres aspects, comment opèrent les processus de changement culturel à l’échelle d’une vie artistique. Enfin, la troisième partie présente une série d’études centrées sur l’analyse du rôle de passeurs culturels joué par les compositeurs chiliens (à la fois en tant que pédagogues et en tant que traducteurs de langages musicaux exogènes) ; l’impact de la circulation internationale et la globalisation ; les liens entre musique et politique, ainsi qu’entre art savant et populaire ; le rôle de la France et de l’Europe dans les processus d’acculturation ; les résultats du métissage culturel (à travers des cas concrets) ; ces études se complétant par une typologie des formes d’appropriation sonore opérés dans la musique de ces compositeursThis thesis focuses on the study of four contemporary Chilean composers from the second half of the 20th century and beginning of 21st century who developed their careers in the ‘euro-latin-american’ space (Cirilo Vila, Sergio Ortega, Patricio Wang, and Andrés González), and whose generational intersections allow to cover half a century of music. The first part of the thesis presents a brief panorama of Chilean concert music, from the independence of the country at the beginning of the 19th century until our days. The survey emphasizes the process of institutionalization of the musical life, as well as the implicit or explicit discurses, which are presented regarding the national cultural identity in relation to music. The second part analyzes in detail, through a biographical approach, the transnational trajectories of the four composers under study. The aim is to understand, among other aspects, how the processes of cultural change work at the level of a given artistic life. The third part, attempts to elucidate 1. the specificity of Chilean musicians through a multifactorial approach, presenting a series of studies towards analyzing the role of cultural transmitter performed by Chilean composers (within their double function as pedagogues and translators of exogenous languages); 2. the impact of the international circulation and the globalization on their works; 3. the links between music and politics as well as the links between high and popular art; 4. the role of France and Europe in the processes of acculturation; 5. the results of cultural hybridization (through concrete cases), and finally, 6. a typology of the ways of sonic appropriation
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Lin, Syaru Shirley, und 林夏如. „National identity, economic interest and Taiwan's cross-strait economic policy 1994-2009“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43761896.
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Papatheodorou, Artemis. „Ottoman policy-making in an age of reforms : unearthing Ottoman archaeology in the 19th and early 20th centuries“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:28bd820a-de71-4d38-a582-fa2c99ab8e6a.
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This thesis discusses the Ottoman policies on archaeology in the aftermath of the initiation of the Tanzimat reforms (1839) and until the end of the Ottoman Empire (1923). It explores the activities of the central state, the autonomous Principality of Samos in the Aegean, and the Hellenic Literary Society at Constantinople. Primary and secondary sources in Ottoman Turkish, Katharevousa Greek, Modern Turkish and Modern Greek, English and French inform the analysis. The first chapter looks at the contexts within which an Ottoman interest in archaeology emerged. It discusses the rise of archaeology as a distinct area of scientific and scholarly research in the 19th and early 20th centuries, the encounters of the Ottomans with western archaeologies in that period, and those domestic intellectual dynamics that made them receptive to archaeology. The second chapter focuses on the Ottoman legislation on antiquities, and secondarily looks at related institutional developments. It discusses at length the emergence of an Ottoman voice on archaeology through the crystallisation of increasingly comprehensive and mature sets of rules and procedures on heritage management. By looking at the autonomous Principality of Samos, the third chapter shifts the attention to the western periphery of the empire, and explores how the Greek Orthodox, when outside the direct control of the central state, could develop their own understanding of, processes and structures regarding archaeology. The fourth chapter looks, for the first time in the literature, at the archaeological activities of the Hellenic Literary Society at Constantinople, and discusses the contribution of Ottoman society to the promotion of archaeological research and the protection of monuments. Overall, this thesis provides a critical analysis of the emergence of the concept and practice of archaeological heritage protection in the Ottoman Empire in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
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Lindmark, Magnus. „Towards environmental historical national accounts for Sweden : methodological considerations and estimates for the 19th and 20th centuries“. Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk historia, 1998. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-61872.
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New questions in a changing economy demands development of both contemporary and historical national accounts. One such question concerns economic and environmental relationships. From a national accounting perspective this issue has been approached in terms of environmental accounting. The aim of this study is to investigate how proposals for integrated environmental and economic accounting can be used for an extension of the Historical National Accounts for Sweden and for examining the long-term relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation and resource depletion. This issue is approached through methodological considerations and estimates of iron ore and timber depletion and discharge of pollutants. The conclusions are that it is possible to construct environmental historical national accounts, but that the lack of historical data and theoretical difficulties cause a high level of abstraction and other problems concerning the series. The empirical investigations show that the 19th century can be considered a period of depletion intensive growth. Furthermore, there seems to be evidence of a correlation between changes in the natural resource net prices and previous periodizations of Swedish economic development. Concerning pollutants, the analyses shows an increase of the aggregated discharges until the late 1960s. However, the pollution intensity of growth has fallen throughout the period, possibly in a pattern of long trend periods.digitalisering@umu
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Stanek, Mark C. „Guitar in the opera literature : a study of the instrument's use in opera during the 19th and 20th centuries“. Virtual Press, 2004. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1285408.
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This dissertation is a study of the use of guitar in opera. Ten operas were chosen from the early nineteenth century to the middle of the twentieth century as a representative cross section of operas that use the guitar. The operas studied are: The Barber of Seville by Gioachino Rossini, Oberon by Carl Maria von Weber, Don Pasquale by Gaetano Donizetti, Beatrice and Benedict by Hector Berlioz, Otello and Falstaff by Giuseppe Verdi, La vida breve by Manuel de Falla, The Nightingale by Igor Stravinsky, Wozzeck by Alban Berg, and Paul Bunyan by Benjamin Britten. The study examines the technical aspects of each guitar part and how the guitar relates to the libretto and to the other instruments of the orchestra.The study finds that, with some exceptions, the guitar parts are idiomatic and not difficult to execute. There is some need on the part of the guitarist to edit the parts for technical and historical reasons and editorial suggestions are made by the author. The guitar is often related to the libretto and often appears onstage, yet it is almost always used as a prop and the performing guitarist is placed offstage or in the orchestra pit. There are significant problems found concerning the guitar's lack of volume. Composers tend to limit the number of instruments in use with the guitar. They do not, however, tend to give the guitar louder dynamics when other instruments are used at the same time. The guitar is generally used in outdoor scenes, to evoke a folk idiom, or when specifically referred to in the libretto. The use of the guitar is found to be mostly limited to simple accompaniments which do not utilize the full resources of the instrument.School of Music
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Geeraert, Friedel. „Dietary Changes in Sweden and Belgium During the Late 20th and Early 21st Century and Their Implications for Sustainability“. Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-160436.
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This dissertation focuses on the changing food consumption patterns in Sweden and Belgium during the latter half of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century and the implications as seen from a sustainability point of view, both from a qualitative and quantitative perspective. It is shown that changes in agriculture, food processing, distribution and consumption during the period under assessment were considerable and had a clear impact on the food consumption pattern in both countries. Statistical data on the consumption of different food groups such as meat, milk and dairy products, fish, fruits, vegetables, cereal, potatoes, sugar, margarine and chocolate were compared. Overall, an increase in the consumption of meat, cheese, yoghurt, cream, fruits and vegetables was observed in both countries, while the consumption of milk, butter and potatoes decreased. For the sustainability assessment three parameters were chosen: land requirement, greenhouse gas emissions and energy use. The assessment was based on quantitative data about food consumption in 1960 and 2004. It was shown that the Swedish and Belgian diets in 2004 required more resources and emitted more greenhouse gas emissions than in 1960. The Belgian diet had higher values for all parameters than the Swedish, except when considering the values for the emissions of greenhouse gases in 1960 when the Swedish diet had higher values.
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Schaper, Benjamin. „Poetik und Politik der Lesbarkeit in der deutschen literatur“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8e1e8c05-c0f9-4dda-ad9b-b208ded2432b.
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In 1990, German literary critics agreed that the end of the Cold War should mark the end of politically committed post-war literature. The political caesura prompted a debate about the future of German literature during which the concept of 'readability' evolved as a contested issue. It was championed in particular by the author Matthias Politycki and the publishers Uwe Wittstock and Martin Hielscher. Ever since, 'readability' has remained a benchmark for authors and critics alike in the battle for value and success. The thesis will establish a theoretical basis for 'readability' that draws on narratology, the Aristotelian concept of 'mimesis', classical rhetoric, and the poetics of contemporary authors who explicitly engage with 'readability'. Discussion will centre on the novel since this genre has been the focus of debate ever since the novel gained prominence with the rise of the reading middle classes in the eighteenth century. An analysis of the historical role of 'readability' will demonstrate that the debate as it manifested itself around 1990 developed out of a specifically German tradition, in which authors and critics alike viewed it as potentially in conflict with true art. In 1990, German literary critics agreed that the end of the Cold War should mark the end of politically committed post-war literature. The political caesura prompted a debate about the future of German literature during which the concept of 'readability' evolved as a contested issue. It was championed in particular by the author Matthias Politycki and the publishers Uwe Wittstock and Martin Hielscher. Ever since, 'readability' has remained a benchmark for authors and critics alike in the battle for value and success. The thesis will establish a theoretical basis for 'readability' that draws on narratology, the Aristotelian concept of 'mimesis', classical rhetoric, and the poetics of contemporary authors who explicitly engage with 'readability'. Discussion will centre on the novel since this genre has been the focus of debate ever since the novel gained prominence with the rise of the reading middle classes in the eighteenth century. An analysis of the historical role of 'readability' will demonstrate that the debate as it manifested itself around 1990 developed out of a specifically German tradition, in which authors and critics alike viewed it as potentially in conflict with true art. The thesis will demonstrate that 'readability' is key to understanding the debates about German literature in an era of globalisation when readers are more attracted to works by foreign authors than to works by German ones. It will examine how writers such as Helmut Krausser, Daniel Kehlmann, and Thomas Glavinic have exploited the opportunities of the changed parameters by writing and promoting 'readable' books. It will further explore to what extent 'readability' has opened up new avenues even for authors like Felicitas Hoppe and Ulrike Draesner, who distrust the quest for 'readability'. The thesis will conclude with a reflection on the prospects for 'readability' in the current literary landscape in Germany.
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Handa, Atsuko. „Bridging Sōseki and Murakami : the modernity of Japan through modernist and postmodern prose“. Monash University, School of Languages, Cultures and Linguistics, 2004. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5230.
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Zaharchenko, Tanya. „Where the currents meet : frontiers of memory in the post-Soviet fiction of East Ukraine“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708117.
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Turner, Robert Charles Grey. „Counterfeit culture : truth and authenticity in the American prose epic since 1960“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709455.
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Willi, Victor Jonathan Amadeus. „The fourth ordeal : a history of the Society of the Muslim Brothers in Egypt, 1973-2013“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b54c3cfe-14af-4bf7-8e73-fc27e6ab4ce7.
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This thesis is an internal organisational history of the Society of the Muslim Brothers in Egypt between 1973 and 2013. Based on memoires of Brotherhood leaders, as well as oral history interviews conducted in 2012 and 2013 with different rank-and-file members and dissidents, the thesis situates the life trajectories and personal experiences of these individuals within a larger national and international context. The purpose is to provide a historical account that is able to explain the reasons for the Brotherhood's cataclysmic failure of the summer of 2013. In accounting for the fall, my key argument centres on the internal rivalry between two political factions representing different "schools of thought", or visions, about the kind of organisation the Brotherhood was supposed to be. Representatives of the respective coalitions competed against each other over hegemony and organisational resources, basing their claims on contrasting intellectual traditions, political cultures and organisational values that had co-existed, sometimes uncomfortably, within the ranks of the Society since the times of Hasan al-Banna. The adherents of the "Qutbist" school of thought put forward the idea of a closed, pyramid-shaped and exclusive organisation, while those closer to 'Omar al-Tilmisani's model aspired to a reformed Society that was open to outsiders, and where internal progression was based on meritocracy, transparency and some form of democracy. I argue that it is through the holistic analysis of the complex dynamics between internal organisational politics, the use of ideology, and the personal experiences of key organisational members, that we are best able to grasp the Brotherhood's failed experience in governance in 2013.
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Rydzewska, Joanna. „East meets West meets Auteur : transnational encounters with imagined identities in British and Polish cinema“. Thesis, Swansea University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.678569.
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Wilson, Rachelle. „Historical Memory and Ethics in Spanish Narrative“. Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1062813/.
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This study traces the current status of Spanish ethics as seen through the optics of historical memory. Starting from the Spanish Civil War in 1936, the thesis relates contemporary themes to their proposed origin throughout three additional distinctive eras of the 20th and 21st century in Spain: 1982-1996 (Socialist Spain), 1997-2010 (Post-modern Spain), and 2011-present (current Spain). Spanish narratives ranging from Los Abel by Matute, La magnitud de la tragedia by Monzó, "Fidelidad" of Ha dejado de llover by Barba and Las fosas de Franco by Silva are contextualized through their ethical architecture, in accordance with their socio-political context, and relationship to past historical traumas. This work proposes that the themes of anticlericalism, the pursuit of social equality, anti bureaucracy, and political distrust are trends culminating from Kohlberg's third level of morality. The thesis aims to be an exposition and legitimization of different ethical schemas that might otherwise be polarized as wrong and inferior by others.
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Masters, Benjamin Scott. „The ethics of excess : style and morality in British fiction since the 1960s“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648740.
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Ruffing, Jason L. „A Century of Overproduction in American Agriculture“. Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc700066/.
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American agriculture in the twentieth century underwent immense transformations. The triumphs in agriculture are emblematic of post-war American progress and expansion but do not accurately depict the evolution of American agriculture throughout an entire century of agricultural depression and economic failure. Some characteristics of this evolution are unprecedented efficiency in terms of output per capita, rapid industrialization and mechanization, the gradual slip of agriculture's portion of GNP, and an exodus of millions of farmers from agriculture leading to fewer and larger farms. The purpose of this thesis is to provide an environmental history and political ecology of overproduction, which has lead to constant surpluses, federal price and subsidy intervention, and environmental concerns about sustainability and food safety. This project explores the political economy of output maximization during these years, roughly from WWI through the present, studying various environmental, economic, and social effects of overproduction and output maximization. The complex eco system of modern agriculture is heavily impacted by the political and economic systems in which it is intrinsically embedded, obfuscating hopes of food and agricultural reforms on many different levels. Overproduction and surplus are central to modern agriculture and to the food that has fueled American bodies for decades. Studying overproduction, or operating at rapidly expanding levels of output maximization, will provide a unique lens through which to look at the profound impact that the previous century of technological advance and farm legislation has had on agriculture in America.
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Денісова, Дар'я Данилівна, und Daria Danylivna Denisova. „Weird Fiction: етимологічний аналіз природи жанру“. ХНУ імені В. Н. Каразіна, 2017. http://repository.sspu.sumy.ua/handle/123456789/3411.
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Estrada, Orozco Luis Miguel. „El boxeador: genealogia y transformacion de un icono en la literatura mexicana de los siglos XX y XXI (The Boxer: Genealogy and Transformation of an Icon in Mexican Literature from the 20th and 21st Centuries)“. University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1495795307024171.
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Poon, Letty, und 潘穎芝. „Piano culture in Hong Kong: from City Hall toHarbour City“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38711163.
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Roche, Helen Barbara Elizabeth. „Personal and political appropriations of Sparta in German elite education during the 19th and 20th centuries : with a particular focus on the Royal Prussian Cadet-Corps (1818-1920) and the Nationalpolitische Erziehungsanstalten (1933-1945)“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610857.
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Duggan, Lucy. „Reading the city : Prague in Czech and Czech-German narrative fiction since 1989“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:3827cf9c-fa91-4fb5-aa7e-8942de885729.
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In the course of its history, Prague has been the site of many significant cultural confrontations and conversations. From the medieval chronicle of Cosmas to the work of contemporary writers, the city has taken shape in literature as a multivalent space where identities are constructed and questioned. The evolution of Prague's literary significance has taken place in an intercultural context: both Czech-speaking and German-speaking writers have engaged with the city and its past, and their texts have interacted with each other. The city has played a central part in many collective narratives in which myth, history and literature intertwine. Looking at contemporary prose fiction written in both Czech and German, this thesis explores continuities and contrasts in the literary roles played by Prague. It analyses two German-speaking emigrant authors, Libuše Moníková (1945-1998) and Jan Faktor (1951- ), viewing them alongside three Czech writers, Jáchym Topol (1962- ), Daniela Hodrová (1946- ), and Michal Ajvaz (1949- ). Through close readings of eight texts, the thesis approaches the imagined city from four angles. It discusses how contemporary authors portray the search for meaning in the city by imagining Prague as two contrasting realms (the 'real' city and the 'other' city), how the discontinuities of the city are reflected by the fragmentation of the authorial stance, how these authors assemble new Prague myths from the vestiges of older topoi, and how they confront the contradictory urges to uphold the boundaries of the city and to transgress them. In post-1989 Prague, authors explore the unstable spaces between continuity and discontinuity, constructing an authorial ethos in these areas of tension.
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李芷昕. „香港 : 小說「文革」 = Hong Kong : narrating "the Chinese Cultural Revolution"“. HKBU Institutional Repository, 2007. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/801.
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Von, Veh Karen Elaine. „Transgressive Christian iconography in post-apartheid South African art“. Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002220.
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In this study I propose that transgressive interpretations of Christian iconography provide a valuable strategy for contemporary artists to engage with perceived social inequalities in postapartheid South Africa. Working in light of Michel Foucault’s idea of an “ontology of the present”, I investigate the ways in which religious iconography has been implicated in the regulation of society. Parodic reworking of Christian imagery in the selected examples is investigated as a strategy to expose these controls and offer a critique of mechanisms which produce normative ‘truths’. I also consider how such imagery has been received and the factors accounting for that reception. The study is contextualized by a brief, literary based, historical overview of Christian religious imagery to explain the strength of feeling evinced by religious images. This includes a review of the conflation of religion and state control of the masses, an analysis of the sovereign controls and disciplinary powers that they wield, and an explication of their illustration in religious iconography. I also identify reasons why such imagery may have seemed compelling to artists working in a post-apartheid context. By locating recent works in terms of those made elsewhere or South African examples prior to the period that is my focus, the works discussed are explored in terms of broader orientations in post-apartheid South African art. Artworks that respond to specific Christian iconography are discussed, including Adam and Eve, The Virgin Mary, Christ, and various saints and sinners. The selected artists whose works form the focus of this study are Diane Victor, Christine Dixie, Majak Bredell, Tracey Rose, Wim Botha, Conrad Botes, Johannes Phokela and Lawrence Lemaoana. Through transgressive depictions of Christian icons these artists address current inequalities in society. The content of their works analysed here includes (among others): the construction of both female and male identities; sexual roles, social roles, and racial identity; the social expectations of contemporary motherhood; repressive role models; Afrikaner heritage; political and social change and its effects; colonial power; sacrifice; murder, rape, and violence in South Africa; abuses of power by role models and politicians; rugby; heroism; and patricide. Christian iconography is a useful communicative tool because it has permeated many cultures over centuries, and the meanings it carries are thus accessible to large numbers of people. Religious imagery is often held sacred or is regarded with a degree of reverence, thus ensuring an emotive response when iconoclasm or transgression of any sort is identified. This study argues that by parodying sacred imagery these artists are able to disturb complacent viewing and encourage viewers to engage critically with some of its underlying implications.
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Thompson, Susannah Ruth. „Birth pains : changing understandings of miscarriage, stillbirth and neonatal death in Australia in the Twentieth Century“. University of Western Australia. School of Humanities, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0150.
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Feminist and social historians have long been interested in that particularly female ability to become pregnant and bear children. A significant body of historiography has challenged the notion that pregnancy and childbirth considered to be the acceptable and 'appropriate' roles for women for most of the twentieth century in Australia - have always been welcomed, rewarding and always fulfilling events in women's lives. Several historians have also begun the process of enlarging our knowledge of the changing cultural attitudes towards bereavement in Australia and the eschewing of the public expression of sorrow following the two World Wars; a significant contribution to scholarship which underscores the changing attitudes towards perinatal loss. It is estimated that one in four women lose a pregnancy to miscarriage, and two in one hundred late pregnancies result in stillbirth in contemporary Australia. Miscarriage, stillbirth and neonatal death are today considered by psychologists and social workers, amongst others, as potentially significant events in many women's lives, yet have received little or passing attention in historical scholarship concerned with pregnancy and motherhood. As such, this study focuses on pregnancy loss: the meaning it has been given by various groups at different times in Australia's past, and how some Australian women have made sense of their own experience of miscarriage, stillbirth or neonatal death within particular social and historical contexts. Pregnancy loss has been understood in a range of ways by different groups over the past 100 years. At the beginning of the twentieth century, when alarm was mounting over the declining birth rate, pregnancy loss was termed 'foetal wastage' by eugenicists and medical practitioners, and was seen in abstract terms as the loss of necessary future Australian citizens. By the 1970s, however, with the advent of support groups such as SANDS (Stillbirth and Neonatal Death Support) miscarriage and stillbirth were increasingly seen as the devastating loss of an individual baby, while the mother was seen as someone in need of emotional and other support. With the advent of new prenatal screening technologies in the late twentieth century, there has been a return of the idea of maternal responsibility for producing a 'successful' outcome. This project seeks to critically examines the wide range of socially constructed meanings of pregnancy loss and interrogate the arguments of those groups, such as the medical profession, religious and support groups, participating in these constructions. It will build on existing histories of motherhood, childbirth and pregnancy in Australia and, therefore, also the history of Australian women.
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Shishkin, Timur. „Marginalized Characters in Contemporary American Short Fiction“. PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/297.
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The focus of the present research work is the contemporary American short stories that bring up issues of compulsory norm and the conflict between marginalized characters and their environment. This research was based on those short stories that seemed to represent the idea of being "different" in the most complex and multilayered way, and its goal was to unfold new aspects of the conflict between "normal" and "abnormal"/"different". Variations of norm as well as diversity within the marginalized raise a number of questions about the reasons for their inability to coexist peacefully. The close reading and the analysis of the selected stories show that all the conflicts in them, in one way or another, repeat similar patterns and lead to the same root of the problem of misunderstanding, which is fear. To be more precise, all the cases of hate towards "different" characters can be explained by the hater's explicit or implicit fear of death in its various forms: inability to procreate one's own kind, cultural or personal self-identity loss, actual life threat in the form of a reminder of possible physical harm and death. Most often it would be the case where shame and fear of death overlap in a very complex way. In general, the cases of characters' otherness fall into three major groups. The nature of the alienation for each of these groups is described and analyzed in three separate chapters. Prejudice and stereotypes are playing a great role in formation of fears and insecurities which need to be dismantled in order to make peaceful coexistence possible. This work concludes with pointing out the crucial role of taking an approach of representation of various perspectives and diversification of voices in creative writing, academia and media in the context of multicultural society.
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Dwyer, Richard. „Self as Other : Non-Figurative Memorial Sites and Artworks of the late 20th and early 21st Centuries which commemorate the victims of political tyranny by activating the visitor's engagement with his/her immediate and, by extension, Socio-Cultural Environm“. Thesis, University of Kent, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.508566.
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Díaz, Fernández Estrella. „La colección "La sonrisa vertical" y la representación literaria de las minorías sexuales“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/405758.
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La col•lecció de narrativa eròtica «La sonrisa vertical» (Barcelona: Tusquets Editores) nasqué en plena transició democràtica, el 1977, a càrrec de Luis García Berlanga i Beatriz de Moura, amb un doble propòsit: rescatar un gènere literari fins aquell moment censurat per les lleis franquistes i apostar per la narrativa de joves autors, tant en llengua catalana com espanyola. L’interès d’una col•lecció d’aquestes característiques no és exclusivament literari, ja que, donada l’ època turbulenta en la qual es va gestar i l’aposta ideològica editorial, va albergar volums amb una notable voluntat de ruptura política i moral. En aquest sentit, no van escassejar les representacions de personatges amb sexualitats heterodoxes, entre les quals, donada la legislació vigent (Llei de Perillositat i Rehabilitació Social), bé s’hi podrien incloure les de lesbianes, gais i persones trans. Aquesta tesi doctoral pretén oferir una anàlisi de les molt diverses creacions d’autors espanyols i hispanoamericans que, en especial, van afavorir la representació de personatges lèsbics entre 1977 i 2014 amb l’objectiu de valorar la seva identitat literària i la seva rellevància històrica i social.La colección de narrativa erótica «La sonrisa vertical» (Barcelona: Tusquets Editores) nació en plena transición democrática, en 1977, de la mano de Luis García Berlanga y Beatriz de Moura, con un doble propósito: rescatar un género literario hasta aquel momento censurado por las leyes franquistas y apostar por la narrativa de jóvenes autores, tanto en lengua catalana como española. El interés de una colección de estas características no es exclusivamente literario, ya que, dada la época turbulenta en que se gestó y la apuesta ideológica de la editorial, albergó volúmenes con una notable voluntad de ruptura política y moral. En este sentido, no escasearon las representaciones de personajes con sexualidades heterodoxas, entre las cuales, dada la legislación vigente (Ley de Peligrosidad y Rehabilitación Social), bien podrían incluirse las de lesbianas, gais y personas trans. Esta tesis doctoral pretende ofrecer un análisis de las muy diversas creaciones de autores españoles e hispanoamericanos que, en especial, favorecieron la representación de personajes lésbicos entre 1977 y 2014 con el objetivo de valorar su entidad literaria y su relevancia histórica y social.
The collection of erotic narrative «La sonrisa vertical» (Barcelona: Tusquets Editores) was born in full democratic transition, in 1977, it was created by Luis García Berlanga and Beatriz de Moura, with a double purpose: a genre up to that moment censored by the laws rescuing Francoists and betting on the narrative of young authors, both in Catalan and Spanish. The interest of a collection of these characteristics is not exclusively literary, since, the turbulent period in which it was gestated and the ideological bet of the publishing company, lodged volumes with a remarkable will of political and moral breach. In this sense, the representations of characters with heterodox sexualities were not scarce, among which, given the current legislation (Law of Dangerousness and Social Rehabilitation), well those of lesbians, gays and people could be included trans. This Ph. D. dissertation intends to offer an analysis of the very different creations of Spanish and Latin American authors who, especially, favoured the representation of lesbian characters between 1977 and 2014 with the aim of valuing their literary entity and their historical and social relevance.
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Turpin, Pamela C. „A comparative analysis of reforms in organizing curricula and methods of secondary science instruction in the United States during the last decades of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries“. Diss., This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10032007-171651/.
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Yu, Liwen, und 余麗文. „Politicizing poetics: the (re)writing of the social imaginary in modern and contemporary Chinese poetry“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42841628.
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Johnson, Alfred B. „Net work : social networks, disruptive agency, and innovation in Howells, Fitzgerald, Heller, Pynchon, and Gibson“. Virtual Press, 2006. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1343471.
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This study uses concepts from network science to analyze the agency of outsider characters who cause change or disruption without necessarily securing economic or political power for themselves. Network science as theorized by thinkers like Duncan Watts (Six Degrees, 2003) and Albert-Laszlo Barabasi (Linked, 2002) explains social networks in terms of social structures: clusters of people, bridges between them, pathways through them. Michel Foucault (The Archaeology of Knowledge, 1971) suggests that new notions must enter public or personal awareness on "surfaces of emergence"—institutions like families and social groups. Michel de Certeau (The Practice of Everyday Life, 1974) looks at inventive ways that users repurpose products, both industrial and cultural, and so become "secondary producers." To analyze the influential-outsider agency of the fictional characters featured in this study, I theorize the clusters, bridges, and pathways of network science as surfaces of emergence on which "secondary productions" can appear and then spread through a social network.The introductory chapter explores and explains the general application of network science to literary criticism. In subsequent chapters, I use a networks-based approach to examine the agency of William Dean Howells's Tom Corey (The Rise of Silas Lapham, 1884), F. Scott Fitzgerald's Jay Gatsby (The Great Gatsby, 1925), Joseph Heller's Milo Minderbinder (Catch-22, 1961), Thomas Pynchon's Pierce Inverarity (The Crying of Lot 49, 1965), and William Gibson's Cayce Pollard (Pattern Recognition, 2003). These characters do unusual things with and from the subject positions in which they find themselves, and—whether or not they are or remain marginalized characters in their social systems—they are innovative and influential in ways that other characters do not understand or anticipate. All five novels depict the diffusion of innovative ideas and practices as a process of unplanned, non-coercive social negotiation, where innovation can originate with any person or group of people in the social network and is dependent on the complex interaction of liminal notions and mainstream thinking. The networking approach to these novels clarifies the ways that their authors have imagined social networks to function and the particular interactions they have imagined to lead to change or disruption.Department of English