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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "History of present illness, healthcare, education"
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Schroeder, Courtney, Emma Ernst und Tamara Vesel. „Healthcare professionals’ perspectives on unique communication and care needs for Chinese American cancer patients.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, Nr. 15_suppl (20.05.2021): e24122-e24122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e24122.
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e24122 Background: Effective clinician-patient discussions of cancer diagnoses and prognoses are essential to enhance health outcomes in diverse oncology populations. To provide guidance on communication preferences and needs among Chinese Americans, one of the fastest growing yet understudied ethnic groups in the United States, we explored considerations and observations from healthcare providers experienced in caring for this oncologic population. Methods: In this inductive, emergent qualitative study, we completed 20 semi-structured virtual interviews with providers from assorted healthcare disciplines with experience caring for Chinese American cancer patients in Boston’s Chinatown. Responses were systematically collected and analyzed using open and focused coding, constant comparative methods, and thematic analysis. Results: Twenty healthcare professionals with experience working with the Chinese American patients were interviewed including medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, primary care physicians, nurses, nurse practitioners, social workers, case managers, patient navigators and dietitians. Fifteen were female, 5 were male, and 11 participants self-identified as Asian. Six key themes were identified: (1) Discussing cancer diagnoses and prognoses is taboo and often avoided by Chinese Americans in family, community, and healthcare settings. (2) A cancer diagnosis may be considered a death sentence by Chinese Americans, regardless of cancer location or stage. This could be related to the meaning implied by direct translation of the word “cancer.” (3) In settings where cancer diagnoses and prognoses are discussed, Chinese American patients often prefer indirect communication approaches including use of expressions such as “tumor,” “mass,” or “illness” to avoid the use of the word “cancer.” (4) The family centered role in medical decision making for Chinese American cancer patients and the preference of some family units to protect the patient from their diagnoses present unique challenges in the context of standard care. (5) Obtaining a detailed psychosocial history is important to guide communication approaches, as patient characteristics like age, generation since immigration, and education play a foundational role in communication preferences. (6) Karma and nutritional beliefs should be considered and addressed in oncologic care, as they play a critical role in health and disease management for Chinese American cancer patients. Conclusions: Further exploration of these insights and confirmation of their accuracy by discussing directly with Chinese American patients is imperative. If these findings are corroborated through further investigation, this knowledge can be used develop educational tools and implement clinical practice changes to enhance care outcomes and communication with Chinese American cancer patients.
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Kahere, Morris, und Themba Ginindza. „The burden of non-specific chronic low back pain among adults in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: a protocol for a mixed-methods study“. BMJ Open 10, Nr. 9 (September 2020): e039554. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039554.
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IntroductionLow back pain (LBP) is a major public health concern, affecting individuals of all age groups across the world. In about 90% of LBP cases, there is no specific cause identified and is, therefore, referred to as non-specific LBP. Due to the non-specific nature of LBP, investigations such as radiological and laboratory investigations are unnecessary and results to delayed diagnosis and improper treatment culminating in LBP progressing into chronic LBP (CLBP). LBP is now the leading cause of disability with a significant socioeconomic burden. Despite all these challenges, CLBP is regarded as a trivial condition in low-and-middle-income countries and remains poorly investigated. The distribution of CLBP in Africa is unclear.Methods and analysisThe research will be conducted in two phases. The initial phase will be an observational, cross-sectional hospital-based study that will be recruiting 650 participants, to determine the prevalence and risk factors of CLBP. A standardised questionnaire will be used to collect baseline data on the socio-demographic characteristics of participants and other variables of interest (exercise history, occupational posture, level of education and the income status). Disability will be assessed using the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire and the psychological risk factors will be assessed using the Illness-Behaviour Questionnaire (IBQ) and the Fear-Avoidance Belief Questionnaire (FABQ). The second phase will be a retrospective, top-down, prevalence-based cost-of-illness study of the 2018–2019 health records, to estimate the burden of CLBP from the healthcare system’s perspective. The SPSS V.25.0 statistical package will be used for data entry and analysis. Statistical analysis will include descriptive statistics by means of graphs and cross tabulations, inferential statistics by means of logistic regression and χ2 test. A p value of 0.05 will be deemed statistically significant.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol was approved by the University of KwaZulu-Natal’s Biomedical Research Ethics Committee (Ref. No.: BREC/00000205/2019) and the KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health Research Ethics (Ref. No.: KZ_201909_002). This will be the first LBP cost-of-illness study in the sub-Saharan Africa, and, therefore, it will close these knowledge gaps and present important evidence on the estimated burden of CLBP in this context. The results of this study will be presented to the Department of Health and to the respective stakeholders and decision-makers to discuss the findings and draw their attention to the prioritisation of LBP research, its management, prevention programmes and implementation of educational programme and for the planning of cost-containment policies.
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Rankin, Danielle A., Zaid Haddadin, loren lipworth, Jon Fryzek, Mina Suh, Donald S. Shepard, Rendie McHenry et al. „1406. Comparison of Clinical Presentations and Burden of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Infants Across Three Distinct Healthcare Settings“. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (01.10.2020): S711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1588.
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Abstract Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) accounts for the majority of lower respiratory tract illnesses in hospitalized infants. In the U.S., RSV hospitalizations are well characterized; yet, emergency department (ED) and outpatient (OP) visits are underrecognized. We evaluated the burden of RSV across three distinct healthcare settings during one respiratory season. Methods From 12/16/19-4/30/20, we conducted a prospective RSV surveillance study among Davidson County, TN infants under one year who presented to an inpatient (IP), ED, or one of four OP clinics with either fever or any upper respiratory (i.e., cough, earache, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, sore throat) and/or lower respiratory [i.e., wheezing, crackles, rales, diminished breath sounds, shortness of breath (SOB)] symptoms. Demographic and illness history were collected during parental/guardian interviews, followed by medical chart abstraction. Nasal swabs were collected and tested for RSV using Luminex® NxTAG RPP. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, on 3/16/20 enrollment at three of the four OP clinics ceased. Results A total of 627 infants were screened, of whom 473 (75%) were confirmed eligible, 364 (77%) enrolled, 361 (99%) were tested for RSV of which 101 (28%) were RSV+ (IP=37, ED=18, OP=46) (Figure 1). Compared to RSV-negative subjects, RSV+ subjects were younger (6.6 vs. 4.9 months, p< 0.001), 56% were male and 48% white. By setting, infants in the OP setting were older than those seen in the IP and ED [(p=0.002), Figure 2]. Compared to infants in the OP setting, hospitalized infants were more likely to present with SOB and rhonchi/rales, but less likely to have only upper respiratory symptoms (Figure 3) and be African American (p=0.046). Infants in the IP setting had a higher proportion of clinical RSV diagnostic testing (73%) compared to the ED (39%) and OP (28%) settings (p< 0.001). Figure 1. Davidson County Infants with RSV by MMWR Week and Healthcare Setting (n=101) Figure 2. Cumulative Enrollment of Davidson County Infants with RSV by Age in Months and Healthcare Setting (n=101) Figure 3. Proportion of Davidson County Infants with RSV Showing each Clinical Symptom, by Healthcare Setting Conclusion Two-thirds of RSV+ infants sought care from either an OP or ED setting, with nearly all hospitalized infants presenting with both upper and lower respiratory symptoms. The underutilization of diagnostic testing in the OP settings may underestimate the true burden of RSV. Future studies are essential to document the true prevalence of RSV in order to assess the need and impact of new interventions (e.g., immunizations, antivirals). Disclosures Danielle A. Rankin, MPH, CIC, Sanofi Pasteur (Grant/Research Support, Research Grant or Support) Zaid Haddadin, MD, CDC (Grant/Research Support, Research Grant or Support)Quidel Corporation (Grant/Research Support, Research Grant or Support)sanofi pasteur (Grant/Research Support, Research Grant or Support) Jon Fryzek, PhD, MPH, EpidStrategies (Employee) Mina Suh, MPH, International Health, EpidStrategies (Employee) Donald S. Shepard, PhD, Sanofi Pasteur (Grant/Research Support) Natasha B. Halasa, MD, MPH, Genentech (Other Financial or Material Support, I receive an honorarium for lectures - it’s a education grant, supported by genetech)Karius (Consultant)Moderna (Consultant)Quidel (Grant/Research Support, Research Grant or Support)Sanofi (Grant/Research Support, Research Grant or Support)
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Rotenberg, Martin, und Abraham Rudnick. „Recent developments in person-centered psychiatry: present and future psychiatric rehabilitation“. European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare 5, Nr. 2 (06.07.2017): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/ejpch.v5i2.1307.
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Psychiatric Rehabilitation (PSR) focuses on person-centered and evidence-based sets of mental healthcare practices that facilitate the recovery of people with mental health challenges. PSR aims to enhance and maintain adaptive skills and supports for personally meaningful and valued social roles. Research in PSR continues to progress, with growing knowledge and evidence to support PSR practices and the provision of mental health services within a recovery-oriented framework. As one of the more person-centered sets of healthcare practices, a periodic review of recent and developing PSR literature is warranted for its own sake and for the consideration of how lessons from PSR may be transferable to other areas of healthcare. Recent developments and future directions in PSR addressed here relate to (1) enhanced conceptual understanding of recovery, (2) increased understanding of how individuals and families cope with mental illness, (3) PSR ethics, (4) increasing use of technology in PSR practices, (5) integration of evidence-based and promising practices, (6) psychiatric leisure rehabilitation and (7) PSR education and systems. These areas of focus are discussed in a selective review of the literature and a clinical case example which illustrates how PSR practices can facilitate recovery.
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Manning-Walsh, Juanita. „Relationship-Centered Care: The Expanding Cup Model“. International Journal of Human Caring 8, Nr. 2 (März 2004): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20467/1091-5710.8.2.27.
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Relationships are at the core of human needs. However, despite nursing’s long history of emphasizing caring in relationships, the focus of healthcare delivery and education, defined largely by the biomedical model, has been on illness, curing, and healthcare financing. This conceptual framework is an interdisciplinary model developed to provide a guide for healthcare practitioners and educators in both practice and curricular development. It will appeal to those of many disciplines who want to infuse curricula or organizations with a new sense of meaning and spirit. RCC: the expanding cup model provides new insights and opportunities for intervention and research within the context of relationships.
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Larsen, Henry, Preben Friis und Chris Heape. „Improvising in the vulnerable encounter: Using improvised participatory theatre in change for healthcare practice“. Arts and Humanities in Higher Education 17, Nr. 1 (12.01.2018): 148–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474022217732872.
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Healthcare practitioners are often presented with vulnerable encounters where their professional experience is insufficient when dealing with patients who suffer from illnesses such as chronic pain. How can one otherwise understand chronic pain and develop practices whereby medical healthcare practitioners can experience alternative ways of doing their practice? This essay describes how a group of researchers have, over a number of years, developed improvised participatory theatre as a means of engaging healthcare practitioners, patients and other lay people in situations where it is legitimate to reappraise their practice and reunderstand the nature of an illness such as chronic pain. One conclusion was to consider that it is a relational rather than an individual phenomenon that in turn demands alternative practice. Through iterative workshop processes of improvised theatre, participants are encouraged to experience the vulnerable, the unknown, and the need to be alternatively present when dealing with patients whose situation is imbued with suffering.
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Eltaybani, Sameh, Ayumi Igarashi und Noriko Yamamoto-Mitani. „Palliative and end-of-life care in Egypt: overview and recommendations for improvement“. International Journal of Palliative Nursing 26, Nr. 6 (02.08.2020): 284–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ijpn.2020.26.6.284.
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Background: The literature on the situation of palliative and end-of-life care in the Arab and Islamic world, including Egypt, is limited and does not present a clear picture of the cultural context. This report aims to portray the palliative and end-of-life care situation in Egypt, focusing on the nursing viewpoint. First, we describe health- and illness-related cultural, religious, and ethical issues. Second, we present an overview of the healthcare and nursing system in Egypt. Third, we discuss the situation of palliative and end-of-life care, highlighting the shortcomings of existing literature. Finally, we delineate country-specific recommendations to improve the palliative and end-of-life care situation at the level of policy, education, and research. Countries with similar healthcare, cultural, legal, religious, economic, or ethical contexts may benefit from the recommendations made in this study.
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Samuels-Dennis, Joan, Liudi Xia, Sandra Secord und Amelia Raiger. „Health Advocacy Project: Evaluating the Benefits of Service Learning to Nursing Students and Low Income Individuals Involved in a Community-Based Mental Health Promotion Project“. International Journal of Nursing Education Scholarship 13, Nr. 1 (01.01.2016): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijnes-2015-0069.
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AbstractPoverty, along with other factors such as unemployment, work and life stressors, interpersonal violence, and lack of access to high quality health and/or social services all play a role in determining who develops a mental illness and for whom those symptoms persist or worsen. Senior nursing student preparing to enter the field and working in a service learning capacity may be able to influence early recovery and symptom abatement among those most vulnerable to mental illness. A consortium of community stakeholders and researchers collaboratively designed a 10-week mental health promotion project called the Health Advocacy Project (HAP). The project combines case management and system navigation support delivered by trained and highly supervised nursing students to individuals experiencing major depressive disorder (MDD) and/or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In this article, we present the findings of a qualitative fidelity evaluation that examines the effectiveness of nursing students in delivering the health advocacy intervention at the level and with the intensity originally intended. The findings demonstrate how the services of senior nursing students may be optimized to benefit our healthcare system and populations most at risk for developing MDD and PTSD.
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Young, Elizabeth. „Memoirs“. Narrative Inquiry 19, Nr. 1 (25.09.2009): 52–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ni.19.1.04you.
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Four published memoirs refute culturally dominant ideas about severe mental illness as personal weakness, as something shameful, and as a condition that necessarily leads to isolation and disenfranchisement. The narrative structure and content of the memoirs reveal that people’s experience differs from the hegemonic discourse: while narrating symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and acceptance of the illness, all four authors present themselves as accomplished, self-possessed, and socially integrated. Their memoirs, and the act of narrating their experiences with mental illness, challenge the established cultural discourse of mental illness as limitation. The narratives help change that discourse and our social attitudes toward people with mental illness.
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Knifton, Chris, und Scott Yates. „A ‘history of problematizations’ for dementia education: a Foucauldian approach to understanding the framing of dementia“. Journal of Research in Nursing 24, Nr. 3-4 (22.03.2019): 212–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744987119831737.
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Background Debates relevant to both undergraduate and postgraduate nurse education regarding the conceptualisation and disciplinary ownership of dementia, including its framing as a neuro-psychiatric condition, a terminal illness or a consequence of ageing, are important in supporting an understanding of the lived experience of dementia for individuals and their family carers and how, as a condition, it has come to be problematised in Western society. The work of Michel Foucault is useful in setting this debate within a critical historical context. Aims Using Foucault's ‘history of problematizations’ we present such debates around dementia's conceptualisation in Western society and consider how a Foucauldian critical historical project influences nursing education by re-examining the problematisation of dementia within society, what it is to be a person with dementia, and how alternative conceptualisations shape how we see the condition – as well as how we provide learning opportunities for dementia-care professionals. Results Six differing ways of conceptualising or problematising dementia were found (as a natural consequence of ageing, a mental disorder, a bio-medical disease, a neuro-cognitive disorder, a disability and a terminal illness), each offering alternative ways we might present it in an educational context. Conclusions We argue for both undergraduate and postgraduate student nurses to engage in learning that locates what it is to be a person with dementia within particular conceptual frameworks that would allow understanding of how these ideas or constructs are reliant on historically contingent assumptions. Here, taken-for-granted assumptions are unsettled, and a more critically reflective position is adopted. This will have an impact on the type of nurse to emerge from educational institutions, thus also affecting service delivery and the dementia care provided, as well as the knock-on effects for dementia education in other medical, health and social care courses and for institutions whose role it is to approve professional practice curricula content.
Dissertationen zum Thema "History of present illness, healthcare, education"
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Wilson, Merna Akram. „Triage Template to Improve Emergency Department Flow“. Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1622280768033809.
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Levin, Jeff, und Stephen G. Post. Religion and Medicine. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190867355.001.0001.
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In Religion and Medicine, Dr. Jeff Levin, distinguished Baylor University epidemiologist, outlines the longstanding history of multifaceted interconnections between the institutions of religion and medicine. He traces the history of the encounter between these two institutions from antiquity through to the present day, highlighting a myriad of contemporary alliances between the faith-based and medical sectors. Religion and Medicine tells the story of: religious healers and religiously branded hospitals and healthcare institutions; pastoral professionals involved in medical missions, healthcare chaplaincy, and psychological counseling; congregational health promotion and disease prevention programs and global health initiatives; research studies on the impact of religious and spiritual beliefs and practices on physical and mental health, well-being, and healing; programs and centers for medical research and education within major universities and academic institutions; religiously informed bioethics and clinical decision-making; and faith-based health policy initiatives and advocacy for healthcare reform. Religion and Medicine is the first book to cover the full breadth of this subject. It documents religion-medicine alliances across religious traditions, throughout the world, and over the course of history. It summarizes a wide range of material of relevance to historians, medical professionals, pastors and theologians, bioethicists, scientists, public health educators, and policymakers. The product of decades of rigorous and focused research, Dr. Levin has produced the most comprehensive history of these developments and the finest introduction to this emerging field of scholarship.
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Lambert, Heather. Urinary tract infection in infancy and childhood. Herausgegeben von Neil Sheerin. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0180_update_001.
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Urinary tract infection (UTI) in childhood is a common problem, which is frequently dismissed as trivial because most children with UTI have a good outcome. However, UTI is an important cause of acute illness in children and causes a considerable burden of ill health on children and families. In addition, UTI may be a marker of an underlying urinary tract abnormality. UTI in a few may cause significant long-term morbidity, renal scarring, hypertension, and renal impairment that may not present until adult life. Predicting which children will go on to have long-term sequelae remains a challenge.The risk of renal scarring is greatest in infants, the very group in whom diagnosis is often overlooked or delayed because clinical features are non-specific. Delay in treatment is associated with an increased risk of scarring in susceptible children. Thus accurate and rapid diagnosis of UTI is essential and requires a very high index of suspicion particularly in the youngest.The role of vesicoureteric reflux in acquired scarring is not fully understood though there is clearly an association, possibly because it is a risk factor for acute pyelonephritis. Scarring when it occurs is in the areas affected by acute pyelonephritis. Higher grades of reflux are associated with a worse outcome.Management and investigation of children with UTI consumes considerable healthcare resources. Limited understanding of the natural history and basic pathophysiology, variations in strategy with time and setting, and lack of evidence on long-term outcomes have resulted in considerable uncertainty. Some propose a minimal approach doing little investigation unless there is clear evidence for it; others favour an approach of continuation of current practice based on clinical experience until further evidence evolves. Some of the themes behind these controversies are explored.
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Essential facts about Covid-19: the disease, the responses, and an uncertain future. For South African learners, teachers, and the general public. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2021/0072.
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The first cases of a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) were identified toward the end of 2019 in Wuhan, China. Over the following months, this virus spread to everywhere in the world. By now no country has been spared the devastation from the loss of lives from the disease (Covid-19) and the economic and social impacts of responses to mitigate the impact of the virus. Our lives in South Africa have been turned upside down as we try to make the best of this bad situation. The 2020 school year was disrupted with closure and then reopening in a phased approach, as stipulated by the Department of Education. This booklet is a collective effort by academics who are Members of the Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf) and other invited scholars to help you appreciate some of the basic scientific facts that you need to know in order to understand the present crisis and the various options available to respond to it. We emphasise that the threat of infectious diseases is not an entirely new phenomenon that has sprung onto the stage out of nowhere. Infectious diseases and pandemics have been with us for centuries, in fact much longer. Scientists have warned us for years of the need to prepare for the next pandemic. Progress in medicine in the course of the 20th century has been formidable. Childhood mortality has greatly decreased almost everywhere in the world, thanks mainly, but not only, to the many vaccines that have been developed. Effective drugs now exist for many deadly diseases for which there were once no cures. For many of us, this progress has generated a false sense of security. It has caused us to believe that the likes of the 1918 ‘Spanish flu’ pandemic, which caused some 50 million deaths around the world within a span of a few months, could not be repeated in some form in today’s modern world. The Covid-19 pandemic reminds us that as new cures for old diseases are discovered, new diseases come along for which we are unprepared. And every hundred or so years one of these diseases wreaks havoc on the world and interferes severely with our usual ways of going about our lives. Today’s world has become increasingly interconnected and interdependent, through trade, migrations, and rapid air travel. This globalisation makes it easier for epidemics to spread, somewhat offsetting the power of modern medicine. In this booklet we have endeavoured to provide an historical perspective, and to enrich your knowledge with some of the basics of medicine, viruses, and epidemiology. Beyond the immediate Covid-19 crisis, South Africa faces a number of other major health challenges: highly unequal access to quality healthcare, widespread tuberculosis, HIV infection causing AIDS, a high prevalence of mental illness, and a low life expectancy, compared to what is possible with today’s medicine. It is essential that you, as young people, also learn about the nature of these new challenges, so that you may contribute to finding future solutions.
Buchteile zum Thema "History of present illness, healthcare, education"
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Peng-Keller, Simon, und David Neuhold. „A Short History of Documenting Spiritual Care“. In Charting Spiritual Care, 11–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47070-8_2.
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Abstract The first chapter of this edited volume traces the history of documenting spiritual care. By referring to ancient and early modern practices, the relationship between spiritual (self-) care and various forms of documentation is outlined. The focus lies on developments in the twentieth and the twenty-first century, although the question of what constitutes an adequate practice of documenting healthcare chaplaincy is as old as the profession itself. The pioneers of Clinical Pastoral Education (CPE) – Richard Cabot, Anton Boisen, Russell L. Dicks, and others – developed distinctive forms of recording for different purposes. For example, procedures of documentation that are prepared for and helpful to the pastors themselves as “self-criticism,” “self-improvement,” or even “self-revelation” have been distinguished from documentation practices that are intra- or interprofessional. Regarding more recent developments in documentation, the introduction of electronic patient records (EMRs) was critical. We present a case study from Kenya to show how the issues discussed here are encountered in a non-Euro-American context.
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Frank, Eva M. „Healthcare Education“. In Handbook of Research on Human Development in the Digital Age, 163–82. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2838-8.ch008.
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The integration of technology into the education and continuous professional education of allied health professionals is evolving. Integrating simulation as an authentic instructional modality has changed how clinicians learn and practice the clinical knowledge, skills, and abilities they are required to be competent in to ensure patient safety. A lot of advances have been made in the utilization of simulation in various domains. Continuing medical education is such a domain, and this chapter will briefly describe the history of simulation, present simulation as an authentic instructional activity, examine education trends of using simulation-based learning, highlight two applicable theoretical frameworks, and present a case study that effectively utilized simulation as an authentic instructional strategy and assessment during a continuing medical education course for athletic trainers.
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Mendes, David, Manuel José Lopes, Artur Romão und Irene Pimenta Rodrigues. „Healthcare Computer Reasoning Addressing Chronically Ill Societies Using IoT“. In Chronic Illness and Long-Term Care, 720–36. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7122-3.ch036.
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The authors present a proposal to develop intelligent assisted living environments for home based healthcare. These environments unite the chronical patient clinical history sematic representation with the ability of monitoring the living conditions and events recurring to a fully managed Semantic Web of Things (SWoT). Several levels of acquired knowledge and the case based reasoning that is possible by knowledge representation of the health-disease history and acquisition of the scientific evidence will deliver, through various voice based natural interfaces, the adequate support systems for disease auto management but prominently by activating the less differentiated caregiver for any specific need. With these capabilities at hand, home based healthcare providing becomes a viable possibility reducing the institutionalization needs. The resulting integrated healthcare framework will provide significant savings while improving the generality of health and satisfaction indicators.
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Caixinha, Aníbal, und Isabel Machado Alexandre. „What's Memory All About?“ In Healthcare Policy and Reform, 298–313. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6915-2.ch015.
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Dementia is, unfortunately, a well-known problem of nowadays, product of a set of generational transformations and a result of better life conditions. There are different kinds of dementia but Alzheimer is the one with predominance. Memory is the key factor in this type of illness and it is nuclear to understand how it is constructed to hypothesise and try to determine how it degenerates. In this chapter, memory structures are presented as a starting point of the research and then through the use of narrative intelligence we devise a method to present small excerpts of patient's history and simultaneously illness progression is evaluated. To do this, a small prototype of MEM+ has been developed, and for its development a participatory design was conducted. With this approach, we aim to devise the right application to be used by the patients themselves and by their caregivers. During this stage of the project special attention was paid to usability issues, and some adaptations made to better the human computer interaction.
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Croft, Peter, Richard D. Riley und Karel GM Moons. „Prognosis in healthcare“. In Prognosis Research in Health Care, herausgegeben von Peter Croft, Richard D. Riley, Danielle A. van der Windt, Karel GM Moons und Danielle A. van der Windt, 11–21. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198796619.003.0002.
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Predicting what might happen in the future to individuals, based on experience and available information, has always been a prominent part of medical practice and healthcare. This chapter describes the history of prognosis in healthcare. Prognosis had a central place in medical practice in times before scientific diagnosis and effective treatments, and predicting the likely course of an individual’s illness from experience and observation was a valued quality. As the science of diagnosis developed, prognosis lost its importance in medical education and practice. With the advent of effective treatments and with rapid acceleration of access to data—from genetics to physiology, psychology to social status—to inform outcome prediction in sick people and guide treatment decisions, prognosis is again at the centre of healthcare. Modern prognosis research provides an evidence base for prediction in practice.
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Stanimirovic, Aleksandra. „Digital Heath Interventions in Mental Health“. In Research Anthology on Mental Health Stigma, Education, and Treatment, 328–40. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8544-3.ch019.
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Technological renaissance of the last century stimulated the application of digital interventions in the healthcare domain. Digital healthcare interventions (DHIs) could be implemented through smartphone applications (apps), remote monitoring and tracking devices, and wearable computers. Technology is positioned to transform how mental healthcare is delivered and accessed. In fact, remote active and passive monitoring of parameters, such as mood, activity, and sleep, could be integrated with therapeutic interventions. However, the transformation entails combined conscription of science, regulation, and design. Implementation, adoption, and evaluation of DHI present special challenges. This chapter presents brief history of DHIs in mental health and frameworks an evaluation strategy in terms of the appropriate methods required for appraisal of DHIs.
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Levin, Jeff. „Missions and Ministries“. In Religion and Medicine, 45–62. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190867355.003.0003.
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Chapter 3 discusses the history and scope of Christian (and other) missions that provide medical, surgical, nursing, and dental care and environmental health development through extensive programs of global outreach on six continents. These include partnerships with nongovernmental organizations, government agencies, academic institutions, and secular foundations and philanthropies. The chapter also lays out a historical timeline for the emergence of the pastoral care field, with an emphasis on healthcare chaplaincy. From pioneers such as Richard Cabot and Anton Boisen, in the 1920s and 1930s, through establishment of key organizations and institutions like the Association of Professional Chaplains, the Association for Clinical Pastoral Education, and the HealthCare Chaplaincy Network, this history is traced with an emphasis on clinical, educational, and scholarly developments that have shaped the profession to the present day. Newer professional innovations such as faith-based psychotherapy are also discussed.
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Soydemir, Melih, und Devrim Unay. „Context-Aware Medical Image Retrieval for Improved Dementia Diagnosis“. In Intelligent Multimedia Technologies for Networking Applications, 434–48. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2833-5.ch018.
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Progress in medical imaging technology together with the increasing demand for confirming a diagnostic decision with objective, repeatable, and reliable measures for improved healthcare have multiplied the number of digital medical images that need to be processed, stored, managed, and searched. Comparison of multiple patients, their pathologies, and progresses by using image search systems may largely contribute to improved diagnosis and education of medical students and residents. Supporting image content information with contextual knowledge will lead to increased reliability, robustness, and accuracy in search results. To this end, the authors present an image search system that permits search by a multitude of image features (content), and demographics, patient’s medical history, clinical data, and ontologies (context). Moreover, they validate the system’s added value in dementia diagnosis via evaluations on publicly available image databases.
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McKnight, Rebecca, Jonathan Price und John Geddes. „Conducting the assessment: examining the patient“. In Psychiatry. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198754008.003.0010.
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In general hospital and community settings, the term ‘physical examination’ is almost always applied to the procedures used by medical and other staff to examine the body, including the nervous system, of patients. In mental health settings, the terms ‘psychological examination’ or ‘mental examination’ might seem most appropriate for the procedures used to examine the mind. However, the lengthier term ‘mental state examination’ is usually used, often with capitals, for reasons of tradition. This term is often shortened to MSE. You will find that effective communication of the results of the MSE requires familiarity with many new terms and with their precise meanings. It is important that you grapple with these issues early on in your training. Like specific diagnostic terms, the terms for specific abnormalities of mental state become an effective shorthand, aiding communication between healthcare professionals. The goal of the MSE is to elicit the patient’s current psychopathology, that is, their abnormal subjective experiences, and an objective view of their mental state, including abnormal behaviour. It therefore includes both symptoms (what the patient reports about current psychological symptoms, such as mood, thoughts, beliefs, abnormal perceptions, cognitive function, etc.) and signs (what you observe about the patient’s behaviour during the interview). Inevitably, the MSE (i.e. now) merges at the edges with the history of the presenting problems (recently). Behavioural abnormalities which the patient reports as still present, but which cannot be observed at interview (e.g. disturbed sleep, overeating, cutting) are part of the history of the presenting illness. A symptom which has resolved, such as an abnormal belief held last week but not today, should usually form part of the history, but will not be reported in the MSE. In contrast, an abnormal belief held last week which is still held today will be reported in both the history of the presenting problems and the MSE. The components of the MSE are listed in Box 5.1. In taking the history, the interviewer will have learnt about the patient’s symptoms up to the time of the consultation. Often the clinical features on the day of the examination are no different from those described in the recent past, in which case the mental state will overlap with the recent history.
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Jackson, Jane. „Managing Perioperative Care“. In Adult Nursing Practice. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199697410.003.0037.
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This chapter focuses on the preparation and care of adult patients undergoing elective surgery, the associated challenges, and supporting evidence in providing safe and effective care. A key principle is the identification of relevant health issues and optimizing comorbidities prior to admission for surgery, which will minimize cancellations on the day of surgery. Informed consent, patient education, and teamworking all contribute to effective care and efficient service delivery. To provide the optimum healthcare, it is essential that the health professional has a full understanding of the patient’s physical and psychological health and social history, allowing tailored care to be shaped and implemented. It is important that the patient understands the associated risks and benefits of planned treatment. Patients often present for elective surgery with comorbidities. In optimizing the treatment, it is possible to prevent negative consequences related to planned care, and to increase the patient’s understanding of these so that he or she they can make an informed choice. Gathering information prior to admission is important because patients are often anxious on the day of surgery, and medication/anaesthetic agents can render them unable to provide clear decisions relating to treatment. This is commonly referred to as the preoperative assessment (POA), but is probably better referred to as patient preparation. Patient preparation is the process by which a patient’s health status is identified and comorbidities made known to the relevant healthcare professionals. The healthcare professional will interpret the information, decide on additional investigations and examinations, and then determine the risk factors associated with the patient’s health and the anticipated anaesthetic and surgical intervention. The patient must be informed of the risk and benefits and be provided with sufficient information to ensure an informed choice. Integral to patient preparation is the anticipation of potential outcomes, including length of hospitalization, ability to complete activities of daily living, and discharge planning. The process will involve the patient and his or her carer(s) and all healthcare professionals appropriate to the individual patient in primary and secondary care. It may be that, at the end of the patient preparation stage, the patient decides not to proceed with surgery.
Konferenzberichte zum Thema "History of present illness, healthcare, education"
1
Predanocyova, Lubica. „HISTORY AND PRESENT EDUCATION OF CITIZENS IN SLOVAKIA“. In SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY, SOCIOLOGY AND HEALTHCARE, EDUCATION. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/b13/s3.047.
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2
Kudlacova, Blanka. „HISTORY, PRESENT AND PERSPECTIVES IN HISTORICAL-EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH“. In SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY, SOCIOLOGY AND HEALTHCARE, EDUCATION. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/b13/s3.048.
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