Dissertationen zum Thema „Histoire indigène“
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Vallade, Christophe. „Temps, mythe et histoire dans la littérature indigène américaine contemporaine“. Bordeaux 3, 2002. https://extranet.u-bordeaux-montaigne.fr/memoires/diffusion.php?nnt=2002BOR30036.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe present thesis deals with the representation of time in contemporary native American literature. The analysis tends to prove the existence of a specific representation of time in this ethnic literature. This temporal view contrasts with the one that has been imposed by white culture for it is deeply rooted in myth. It can be argued that this temporal specificity is paradoxical in so far as native American authors claim to be actors of history and at the same time reject the linear perception of time in favor of a mythic time. The latter succeeds in abolishing the temporal progression through circularity and a focalisation on the "now". Moreover, with the profusion of avatars of mythic characters, prophecies, dreams and visions, the writers reactualize in the present moment the immemorial times and thus abolish profane time, suspend duration and enable the reader to be drawn into some highly sacred time, both primordial and recoverable
Ajgou, Ali. „L'enseignement primaire indigène en Algérie de 1892 à 1949 : essai d'une histoire éducative et culturelle“. Aix-Marseille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX10008.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study aims at giving an answer to the following question: has the french school successfully carried out its mission as concerns general education in algeria ? in order to answer to this question, we have adopted a plan including three parts and a preliminary chapter. The latter wants to be a first investigation in the historical background for a better understanding of the complexity of the algerian schooling problem. The first part is given over to the events that arose at the time when the decree dealing with the official establishment of a specific teaching to indigenous children was applied in october 18th 1892. The second part is among others an analysis of the basis of a teaching system weakened bay a long debate. The third part copes with the new general education policy as stated after world war 2, which endeavoured to develop scholing among algerian children. This programme led primary school to unite in algeria, in other words to the deletion of the ips. As a whole, the result of this study is that, according to statistics, the french school foreing policy had but a poor impact in algeria
Tallet, Laurent. „Le pouvoir local dans une commune à majorité indigène du Guatemala : histoire, logiques, stratégies, enjeux et représentations“. Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081702.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBehr, Héloïse. „Impact de la littérature indigène au Brésil : une redéfinition des théories euro-occidentales“. Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA009/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAs Karl Marx summarized, the colonized "cannot represent themselves; they must berepresented.” The Natives of Brazil have always held a special place in Brazilianliterature. Since the 80s, they have become the subject of their works.From Metade Cara, Metade Máscara Eliane Potiguara (2004); Falling from the sky.Words of a Yanomami shaman co-written by the shaman Davi Kopenawa andanthropologist Bruce Albert (2010) and Geografia indígena jointly by teachers intraining from Parque Indígena do Xingu (1995), we address the issue of indigenous and Brazilian identity, questioning the legitimacy and the validity of the description "indigenous literature". From these diverse publications emerge enlightening reflections on the notion of identity, notably when crossed with the challenge of authorship. The adoption of alphabetic writing by the Natives of Brazil allows the appropriation of a portrait subject to scrutiny from others, thus a return to Western and Brazilian writings.Moreover, indigenous literature brings a different view of history dealt with from a perspective of "Western super subjects" (Saïd, 2000). Drawing upon post-colonialtheories, we show that Native literature is revolutionary because it offers an eccentric viewing angle (Bhabha, 1994) extending the European concept of historiography (Mignolo, 2003) based on the multiplicity of the voices of the various (Glissant, 1981) in particular based on orality
Moreira, Elaine. „Artifice du corps et de la mémoire : les cahiers des chants chez les Ye'kuana (Terre indigène yanomami, Roraila, Brésil)“. Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0551.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe present work deals with the production and circulation of song books among the Ye'kuana. Today, the socio-spatial mobility of this Karib group plays at different levels. It is the result of a historical relationship with Venezuela, where the majority of the Ye'kuana live, as well as of intense exchanges with other Karib and Arawak Amerindian populations of Roraima. At the local level, in the village of Fuduuwadunha on the Auaris River where field research was conducted, it is the mobility of proximity that is in play. Song books are objects the Ye'kuana take good care of. Their modes of transmission alone, however, cannot fully explain how the song contained therein are passed on. Being able to sing the songs requires a foregone learniong process between master and apprentice. Their relationship must lead to changes in the body, thereby creating the conditions necessary to memorize lyrics and rhythm. Despite the artifice of the books the memory of songs is constantly threatened by the predatory acts of enemies, who also seek to transform the bodies of their victims. For this reason, to take care of bodies, to artialize them, must be a task not only for shamans and singers, but also the whole family group. Though wishing for a life without conflict or illness, the Ye'kuana know they cannot avoid war against Odosha: that is why they perpetuate revenge. Understanding the production and circulation of song books is therefore not simply a matter of memorization techniques or opposition between oral and written, but also one of the registers of bodies, and of predation
Brunet-La, Ruche Bénédicte. „"Crime et châtiment aux colonies" : poursuivre, juger, sanctionner au Dahomey de 1894 à 1945“. Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00979289.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLe, Thi Hoa. „L'enseignement catholique aux prises avec les mutations de la société et de l'Eglise au Vietnam de 1930 à 1990“. Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC081.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis aims at understanding the history of Catholic education in Vietnam in the 19th and 20th [nineteenth and twentieth] centuries, specifically the training of priests and catechists from the time of Western apostolic vicars till 1975 [nineteen seventy five] in the South. Undeniably, the profane Catholic teaching based itself on the educational policy of early 20th century French colonization and was developed under the first and second South Vietnamese Republics. Indeed, the thesis places the development of public and private education through the changing Vietnamese society: the persecution of Christians, the French colonization, the war of Indochina from 1946 [nineteen forty-six], the Geneva convention and the flight of the Catholics to the south in 1954 [nineteen fifty-four], the proclamation of Diêm as president of the South Vietnamese Republic in 1955 [nineteen fifty-five], the emerging of clergy hierarchy in 1960 [nineteen sixty] that changed the role of missions. The issue of our work is not to contribute to the writing of a “counter-history” of Vietnamese Catholicism and its scope in education but to propose a more accurate reading of the place of Catholics in modern and contemporary Vietnamese history
Dos, Santos Chianca Maria de Fátima. „Tradition et contradiction de la modernité dans le nord-est du Brésil : les enjeux de l'ethnicité et de la muséalité des indiens Potiguara pour l'appropriation de leur territoire“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAG049/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis falls within the field of Applied Sociology and Socio-Museology, guiding a museum project that aims the autonomy of Potiguara Indians. This people is originally is a “family relationship community” and want to save their “racial origin”, but there is an advanced process of a distinctive ethnic identity formation, resulting from land demarcation fights from the 80s, strengthening their identity.The earth, a representation of “spatial dimension of family relationiship”, is where is established the sense of community built by the collective work of parenting and neighborhood and through it traditional practices that keep the memory of the heritage of the ancestors are developed. If the bonds of “racial origin” come from the mestizo ancestor, also called “old brench”, the ethnic representation considered as “a cultural and a historical value” to the outsiders is the Indian culture. This ambivalence is resolved through the Toré ritual through which two symbolic expressions are shown, an inclusive solution that will open an epistemological emancipatory route to the project
Lardillier, Alain. „Bugeaud et l'avenir de l'Algérie“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040048.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAfter a preliminary note explaining how this thesis was written, an introduction describes french colonization before the target period. We considered it usefull to devote a chapter to the situation in Algeria from the arrival of the French until 1836, when Bugeaud first came into contact with the colony. We then study how Bugeaud percieved the world around him : society, the economy and politics. We then look at the algerian period, which we have divided into key stages of this assignment (initial contact with the country followed by his gouverning period), the major issues he faced and the solutions he intended to implement (administration of the algerian people, military and civil european colonization). His attempts to ensure his ideas were accepted have led us to question exactly what future Bugeaud had in mind for Algeria. Finally, we investigate the reasons for his celebrity status and the origins of the Bugeaud myth that propelled him to the status of national hero. In conclusion, we identify the lessons we have learned from our study
Guzmán, Décio de Alencar. „Dans le labyrinthe du Kuwai : échanges, guerres et missions dans la vallée de l’Amazone (1650-1750)“. Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL182.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe decided to study the history of the indigenous populations of Northwestern Amazonia from the beginning of the XVIIth century till mid XVIIIth century. More precisely, we analyzed the role and the evolution of the Indian chiefdoms in the double context of interethnic relations and European colonial enterprises. During this period, the great European powers – France, England, Holland, Spain and Portugal – strove for increasing their colonial possessions in South America. That is why with the beginning of the conquest of American lands, on one side we can observe that political conflicts opposing the great powers in Europe are exported into the colonized areas. On the other side, Portuguese missionaries systematically developed catechizing villages among native populations in order to promote Portuguese colonization and a first urbanization of the Amazon Valley. All these interventions took advantage of political networks, inner hierarchies and power positions existing among native societies before the arrival of the Europeans. As a matter of fact, missions and military expeditions provoked continuous wars transforming Indian chiefdoms into preferential mediators
Lardillier, Alain. „Bugeaud et l'avenir de l'Algérie“. Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040048.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAfter a preliminary note explaining how this thesis was written, an introduction describes french colonization before the target period. We considered it usefull to devote a chapter to the situation in Algeria from the arrival of the French until 1836, when Bugeaud first came into contact with the colony. We then study how Bugeaud percieved the world around him : society, the economy and politics. We then look at the algerian period, which we have divided into key stages of this assignment (initial contact with the country followed by his gouverning period), the major issues he faced and the solutions he intended to implement (administration of the algerian people, military and civil european colonization). His attempts to ensure his ideas were accepted have led us to question exactly what future Bugeaud had in mind for Algeria. Finally, we investigate the reasons for his celebrity status and the origins of the Bugeaud myth that propelled him to the status of national hero. In conclusion, we identify the lessons we have learned from our study
Jesus, Nilma do Carmo de. „Formação continuada dos educadores indígenas Tupinikim: uma experiência a ser socializada“. Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2007. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/9984.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCette dissertation a eu comme objet d étude le processus de formation continue des éducateurs indigènes Tupinikim des écoles des villages de Comboios et Pau-Brasil dans la commune d Aracruz et s est développée à partir de l analyse des genres et typologies textuels (description et récit historique) et dans la attention de l histoire du peuple Tupinikim. Elle a eu pour objectifs: contextualiser l espace sócio-historique-culturel de l éducation scolaire indigène dans l état de l Espirito Santo; décrire le processus de formation réalisé avec les éducateurs Tupinikim des écoles de Comboios et Pau- Brasil, Aracruz ES et analyser les améliorations et les difficultés rencontrées. On a fait une recherche bibliographique et une recherche-action. La récolte de données a été réalisée dans la période de 2004 à 2005 dans le cadre des rencontres de formation continue en écran. Le référentiel théorique s est construit à partir de la psychologie sociointeractioniste, de la linguistique textuelle, de la pédagogie dialectique et de la considération de l histoire du peuple Tupinikim. Les résultats consolident l importance de la formation continue dans le processus de l appropriation des genres et typologies textuels et des contenus de l histoire dans la pratique pédagogique
Esta dissertação teve como seu objeto de estudo o processo de formação continuada dos educadores indígenas Tupinikim das escolas das aldeias de Comboios e Pau-Brasil no município de Aracruz e desenvolveu-se a partir da análise dos gêneros e tipologias textuais (descrição e relato histórico) e da consideração da história do povo Tupinikim. Teve como objetivos: contextualizar o espaço sócio-histórico-cultural da educação escolar indígena no Estado do Espírito Santo; descrever o processo de formação realizada com os educadores indígenas das escolas de Comboios e Pau-Brasil, Aracruz ES e analisar os avanços e impasses dessa formação. Foi feita uma pesquisa bibliográfica e uma pesquisa-ação. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de 2004 a 2005 no âmbito dos encontros da formação continuada em tela. O referencial teórico construiu-se a partir da psicologia sócio-interacionista, da lingüística textual, da pedagogia dialética e da consideração da história do povo tupinikim. Os resultados consolidam a importância da formação continuada no processo de apropriação dos gêneros e tipologias textuais e dos conteúdos da história na prática pedagógica
Béligand, Nadine. „Les communautes indiennes de la vallee de toluca, mexique : 1480-1810“. Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHES0058.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCavero, Carrasco Juan Ranulfo. „Taqui Onqoy : milenarismo e historia indigena (Hatun Soras-Peru, seculo XVI)“. [s.n.], 1999. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280922.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: Não informado
Abstract: Not informed
Doutorado
Doutor em Antropologia
Monteiro, John Manuel 1956-2013. „Tupis, tapuias e historiadores : estudos de historia indigena e do indigenismo“. [s.n.], 2001. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/281350.
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Resumo: Não informado
Abstract: Not informed
Tese (livre-docencia) - Univer
Livre-Docente em Antropologia Social
Mano, Marcel. „Os campos de Araraquara : um estudo de historia indigena no interior paulista“. [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280084.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: Este trabalho conjuga interesses da história e da antropologia, partindo ao mesmo tempo de uma certeza e uma constatação. A certeza de que as explicações históricas sobre a formação de uma determinada área ou região devem inserir em seus discursos os povos indígenas e seus contextos; e a constatação da irrelevância dada para a construção de uma história sobre os índios nos Campos de Araraquara. Com objetivo de contribuir ao estudo do povoamento humano proto-histórico e histórico dos denominados Campos, o trabalho estuda e analisa as informações históricas, bibliográficas, arqueológicas e ecológicas referentes à área em estudo e aos povos indígenas que a ocupavam. Nesse sentido, foi trabalhada uma vasta fonte de documentos que incluem a documentação histórica deixada por agentes da administração colonial, cronistas, viajantes, padres e exploradores que entre os séculos XVII e XIX atuaram na região; bem como informações bibliográficas da historiografia regional e dados sobre a arqueologia paulista em geral e dos Campos de Araraquara em particular. Essa área, geograficamente situada no interior do atual estado de São Paulo e delimitada pelos rios Tietê, Mogi-Guaçu, Grande e Paraná, é aqui considerada uma unidade passível de investigação em virtude do seu modo de aparecimento na documentação e na cartografia paulista dos séculos XVII ao XIX. Como área geográfica ou espaço físico onde ocorre a adaptação humana, essa região não apresenta uma homogeneidade ecológica, mas comporta uma variabilidade de ecossistemas interligados que vão da floresta ao cerrado. Isso permitiu avaliar e constatar que as populações humanas dos períodos colonial e pré-colonial desenvolveram estratégias adaptativas voltadas para a exploração e manejo de recursos diversificados. Do ponto de vista da antropologia, uma leitura dos documentos arqueológicos e escritos, consubstanciados por projeções etnográficas, permitiram retirar pistas, marcas ou sinais para entender essa área como de trânsito e ocupação de povos indígenas culturalmente diferentes. Desde os vestígios líticos associados a grupos exclusivamente caçadores¿coletores-pescadores até os vestígios ceramistas de grupos agricultores, os dados apontaram para a ocupação de grupos associados a tradições centrais e meridionais. Nas fontes históricas, as menções aos povos indígenas da área não aparecem de forma diferente, indicando a ocupação e trânsito de diferentes etnias. Ao discutir o contexto desses diferentes registros históricos, ecológicos e arqueológicos, o trabalho mapeia e estuda essas ocupações, reavaliando alguns enganos e distorções da historiografia regional
Abstract: This study incorporates interests relating to history and anthropology, having as a starting point a certainty and a confirmation. The certainty has to do with the fact that historical explanations about the formation of a certain area or region must incorporate in their discourse the Indian people and their contexts; the confirmation relates to the irrelevance given to the construction of a history of the Indians in the 'Campos de Araraquara¿ (Araraquara Fields). Aiming at contributing to the study of the proto-historical and historical human settling in the so called 'Campos¿, this paper studies and analyses the historical, bibliographical, archaeological and ecological information relating to the area under study and to the Indian population which inhabited it. In this sense, a vast range of documents was analysed, including historical documentation left by agents of the colonial administration, chroniclers, travellers, priests and explorers, which, between the XVII and XIX centuries carried out their jobs in the region; bibliographical information pertaining to the regional historiography and data about 'paulista¿ archaeology in general and of the 'Campos de Araraquara¿ in particular, were also analysed. This area, geographically situated in the interior of the current state of São Paulo and bound by the rivers Tietê, Mogi-Guaçu, Grande and Paraná, is herein considered an area subject to investigation, due to the manner of its appearance in the documentation and São Paulo state cartography from the XVII to the XIX centuries. As a geographical area or physical space where human adaptation occurs, this region does not present an ecological homogeneity, but shows a variety of interlinked ecosystems, which include forests and 'cerrado¿ (a Brazilian type of vegetation: meadows covered with bushes and small trees with twisted branches). This led to the evaluation and verification that the human populations of the colonial and pre-colonial periods, developed adaptive strategies linked to exploration and management of a variety of resources. From the point of view of anthropology, a study of the archaeological writings and documents, confirmed by ethnographical projections, allowed for the discovery of clues, marks or signs that lead to the understanding of this area as a transit area and area of occupation for Indian people of different cultures. From the lithic vestiges, associated to groups that are exclusively hunters-collectors-fishermen to the ceramic vestiges of agriculture groups, the data points to the occupation of groups associated to the central and meridian traditions. In the historical sources, any mention of Indian peoples in the area does not appear in a different form, indicating the occupation and transit of different ethnical groups. While discussing the context of these different historical, ecological and archaeological registers, the study maps out this occupation, re-evaluating mistakes and distortions in the regional historiography
Doutorado
Doutor em Ciências Sociais
Gruzinski, Serge. „Le filet déchiré : sociétés indigènes, occidentalisation et domination coloniale dans le Mexique central, XVIe-XVIIIe siècles“. Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010522.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEssono-Edzang, Aristide. „Étude d'une société : les auxiliaires "indigènes" de l'autorité coloniale en Afrique Équatoriale Française (A.E.F.)“. Bordeaux 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR30017.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEvery colonial administration used natives assistants to help it govern the colonial territories. The french colonial territories in central africa, known as french equatorial africa (a. E. F. ) as from 1910, did not escape from this rule. In fact, from the arrival of the french in the region in the middle of the nineteenth century until the four territories which made up the a. E. F. Federation (gabon, congo, central africa and tchad) became independent in 1960, many indigenous "allies" were integrated in the french colonial administration. This group of assistants was composed of differents kinds of individuals (traditional chiefs, interpreters, nurses, domestic servants, military men, militiamen, secretaries, ect. . . ). Although this group of people occupied the lowest positions in the colonial administration, they formed a distinct social category in the colonial society. To the extent that they became almost like a pressure group which the colonial authority had to take into account. After the second world war, this group of individuals benefited from the decolonization movements from which they emerged as the new local elites. In fact, it was the political-administrative assistants which later took over the direction of the four new countries of the former a. E. F. At time of independence in 1960
Bénat, Tachot Louise. „Les représentations du monde indigène dans la "Historia General y Natural de las Indias" de Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés“. Paris 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA030164.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleStudy of the representations of the native world in the historia general y natural de las indias by gonzalo fernandez de oviedo (699 pages : five parts corresponding to the author's biography, the anatomy of the hgn, the processes of the ethnographic speech, an analysis of the ethnographic topics and the status of the amerindian in the conquest development, as well as in the colonial scheme). This study pays particular attention to the geographic areas travelled through by the author (the panamanian, and darien areas, nicaragua, the great antilles). The principles of this study consist in setting the representations of the native world into oviedo's discursive and descriptive approaches, enlighting them through the author's actual experiences, marking the limits of the geographic and cultural fields covered by the analysies and at last taking into account the chronicler's cultural background and political preoccupations. The reducing approach which consists in accusing oviedo of being prejudiced against native people must be avoided. The point is to delimit the heuristic capacity of the ethnographic description in the hgn, to reveal the different discursive devices which express it and to observe the strains which, now and then, stir ans shape the text. We may note a tendency to secularisation through the emphasizing of the social realities and the amerindian technics (inventory of the manufactoring processes). The emphasis is set upon the various ethnographic approaches and the split vision of the native world which operates as a sort of plinian criss-crossing of the new world or as a restoration of genuine daily scenes (for instance the areitos, the making of the cocoa, or the meeting with the cacique agateite on the main palce of tecoatega). To come to an end, this study sticks closely to the iconographic production from the manuscript and the different issues from the hgn
Bianca, Monica. „Nymphes exotiques, indigènes victimes ou créatures vulgaires. Images des femmes grande-colombiennes d'après les voyageurs du XIXe siècle“. Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00849177.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHaine, Lydie. „Photographier le Maghreb : regards allogènes sur des sociétés et communautés indigènes (1850-1950)“. Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA070070.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe European photos in the Maghreb between 1850 and 1950 represent a variety of images of North Africans. They inform us about the North Africans themselves, about the Europeans and, finally, about the relations between both populations in the context of the colonial Empire. The study of the conditions under which the photos were realized shows in particular the influences of the other media on the construction of the photographic stereotypes (lascivious Moresque, Arabic rider). The diachronic analysis distinguishes three phases during which the North Africans stand out as subjects in the European photography (the exploration and the conquest, the colonial Empire, " the development "). The in-depth study of the photographic images, around themes (communities, children, women), gives the measure of the stakes bound to the demolition of the photographic image to reach the understanding of imagination. The mosaic of photos, established over a long period, allows for a more global vision of the Maghreb reality
Moura, Noemia dos Santos Pereira. „O processo de terenização do cristianismo na terra indigena Taunay/Ipegue no seculo XX“. [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280927.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: A pluralidade religiosa cristã entre os Terena constitui-se em um recurso de empowerment político-religioso. Os Terena que têm a necessidade de ser reconhecidos enquanto seres sociais "civilizados" e, ao mesmo tempo, como indivíduos, procuram se destacar sócio-politicamente interna e externamente às suas áreas. Para que se possa ser um líder político partidário ou político administrativo, é preciso ser escolhido pelos seus patrícios e projetar-se nos diversos cenários. Geralmente, esses indivíduos "emergentes" pertencem às famílias mais influentes - os "troncos" - e são educados desde a infância para liderar. A religião cristã proporciona um ambiente peculiar para tal empreendimento, no qual o Terena aspirante à liderança possa exercitar sua aprendizagem. Dada a organização da Missão Indígena UNIEDAS (MIU), reconhecida aqui como uma das alavancas para o poder, vários líderes se destacaram, porém os "seus espaços" não acomodaram a todas as lideranças concebidas no âmbito da Missão Indígena. Assim, novos espaços foram constituídos para acomodá-los no campo religioso sul-mato-grossense. As Igrejas pentecostais funcionaram como instrumentos apaziguadores internos dos ânimos e via de convivialidade nos espaços indígenas e não-indígenas. As novas denominações, que buscavam inserção em áreas indígenas, a conquistaram entre os Terena, uma vez que os indígenas também necessitavam do apoio daquelas. Nossa hipótese central é que essas novas denominações galvanizaram os dissidentes da UNIEDAS, ampliando os recursos de comunicação e locomoção internos e externos, agregando mais prestígio às novas lideranças, sua família e, consequentemente, para a etnia. Portanto, destacamos a religião cristã como uma via de empowerment Terena, embora consideremos que existam outras como a educação, as associações de moradores, o conselho tribal, as funções públicas de saúde e os Conselhos municipais, estaduais e federais da saúde e da educação, dentre outros.
Abstract: The Christian religious plurality among the Terena's is considered a source of political-religious "empowerment". The Terena's have the need to be recognized as "civilized social beings" and at the same time as individuals who wish to emerge socio-politically in and out of their boundaries. To be a political leader within a party or political administrator one must be chosen by those of their own and project oneself in different scenarios. Usually these emerging leaders belong to influent families -"the stem families" are educated since childhood to lead. The Christian religion provides a peculiar environment for such a venture, where the future Terena leader can exercise what they have learned. The UNIEDAS - Indian Mission (MIU) organization is recognized here as the springboard to power; many leaders have come into sight, but "its spaces" were not sufficient to accommodate all the leaders that were conceived in the Indian mission. So, new spaced were open in the religious field of Mato Grosso do Sul. The Pentecostal churches worked as internal peacemakers of temper and relationships in the indigenous and non-indigenous areas. The new denominations that wished to enter the Indian areas conquered these spaces because the Indians also needed their support. Our central hypothesis is that the new denominations galvanized the UNIEDAS dissidents, broadening the communication resources and internal and external locomotion giving a higher prestige to the new leaders their families and consequently their ethos. Thus we highlight the Christian religion as an empowerment avenue for the Terena'; although we also consider education, community centers, tribal council, county, State and Federal health and education councils among others as ways to reach it
Doutorado
Etnologia Indigena
Doutor em Ciências Sociais
De, Souza Medeiros Guilherme. „L'usage rituel de la Jurema chez les Amérindiens du Brésil : répression et survie des coutumes Indigènes à l'époque de la conquête spirituelle européenne (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles)“. Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CLF20002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe ritual of Jurema, a sacred drink made of a group of plants with the same name (especially Mimosa tenuiflora, formerly known as Mimosa hostilis Benth) by the native people of Brazil first appears in a document written in Recife, in the state of Pernambuco, in 1739. The document talks about its use by the indigenous population living on the mission settlements of the state of Paraíba. Its appearance in the colonial archives of the 18th century may reveal new socio-cultural dynamics in the colonial frontiers of the northeast. The use of this sacred drink seems to have been originated a long time before the colonizers’ arrival, maybe centuries before that, and its endurance can be observed today, either as a central element of the beliefs and cosmogonies of the indigenous peoples of northeast, or among rural and urban populations as part of syncretic religious contexts that combine elements of Christianity and African-Brazilian sects. In this paper we analyze the role played by the mission settlements in the Portuguese America. The settlements are considered here as ‘institutions of frontier’, sometimes acting as landmarks between known and unknown spaces of colonizers and also as an element of definition for the territorial limits between the Portuguese and Spanish crowns, but especially as channels of communication and exchange between completely diverse religious and cultural universes
Roulet, Éric. „Indiens et pratiques indigènes en Nouvelle-Espagne au XVIè siècle impact et réalité de la "conquête spirituelle" 1521-1571“. Reims, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REIML011.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe evangelization of the Indians in New Spain did not have the efficiency one used to think for the XVIth century. The spiritual conquest was moderate, because of the way it was done and definetely because of the men themselves, either clergymen or Indians. It was a hard task to fulfill and the native communauties presented a whole range of different religious situations. Clergymen could not always serve as a model for them. Some were brutal, violent and did not really care about ethics and Christian values. Others used to soften their religious requirements in order to please those who supported them, as the traditionnal elite, and in order to back their economical interests. Indians did have some freedom of action in the end. They knew how to preserve their religious practises when they had to face Christianism. And when they decided to convert themselves, they did not forget their economical, social and political interests
Xavier, Maico Oliveira. „CabÃcullos sÃo os brancos: dynamiques des rapports socioculturels des indigÃnes du Terme de la Ville ViÃosa Real - XIXÃme siÃcle“. Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2010. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8945.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCe travail analyse les dynamiques des rapports socio-culturels des indigÃnes du Terme de la Ville ViÃosa Real pendant le XIXÃme siÃcle. Lâobjectif principal a Ãtà dâinvestiguer la visibilità et lâaction des indigÃnes dans le cadre politicosocial du XIXÃme , face aux stratÃgies de domination adoptÃes par les administrateurs de la province du CearÃ, des autoritÃs locales et la population non indigÃnes dans le sens, entre autres, de ne pas reconnaÃtre les identitÃs indigÃnes ayant pour but lâexpropriation des domaines de ceux-ci. La lutte des natifs pour garder leurs domaines autrefois leur donnÃs par la Courone Portugaise a Ãtà constante dans ce contexte. Les indigÃnes, mÃme sâils aient Ãtà considÃrÃs comme des sujets confondus dans la population civilisÃe, principalement depuis la moitià du XIXÃme siÃcle, et obscurci dans le discour des politiciens et des intelectuels, au Terme de la Ville ViÃosa Real, les indigÃnes ont Ãtà au sein des ÃvÃnements, luttant pour leurs droits et perpÃtuant plusieurs pratiques culturelles hÃritÃes de leurs ancÃtres.
Este trabalho analisa as dinÃmicas das relaÃÃes sÃcio-culturais dos indÃgenas do Termo da Vila ViÃosa Real no perÃodo oitocentista. O principal objetivo foi, portanto, investigar a visibilidade e atuaÃÃo dos Ãndios no cenÃrio polÃticosocial do sÃculo XIX, diante das estratÃgias de dominaÃÃo adotadas pelos administradores do CearÃ, autoridades locais e nÃo Ãndios no sentido de, dentre outras coisas, nÃo reconhecer as identidades indÃgenas tendo como propÃsito a expropriaÃÃo de Ãreas territoriais pertencentes Ãqueles. A luta dos nativos para manter a posse das terras outrora doadas aos mesmos pela Coroa portuguesa foi constante no referido contexto. Muito embora tenham sido considerados sujeitos confundidos na massa geral da populaÃÃo civilizada, principalmente do meado do sÃculo XIX em diante, e acaboclados no discurso de polÃticos e intelectual, no Termo da Vila ViÃosa os Ãndios estiveram no Ãmago dos acontecimentos, lutando por seus direitos e perpetuando diversas prÃticas culturais herdadas dos ancestrais.
Coulibaly, Tiémoko. „Élites "évoluées" et populations "indigènes" en Côte-d'Ivoire pendant la colonisation (1946-1960) : les valeurs paradoxales d'une mobilisation politique“. Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010590.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis is about the paradox of the so called "advanced" colonized African elites that celebrate french colonisation and that mobilize through the creation of political parties and the defense of colonial ideology they were taught in colonial schools for the purpose of domesticating endigenous populations who impatiently put up with colonial oppression and are at the same time tempted by rebellion. Hence forth the political mobilisation of colonized masses by the "advanced" elites becomes a challenge due to the paradoxical nature of the political at stake. These values that function in this case as the powerful ideological and political determinism are analysed from the standpoint of the political vocabulary of the era. At first, the training of this "advanced" elite in french colonial schools, its aspirations to the political and cultural assimilation by the colonizer who is seen as a model, its denial of any political independence for the colony are exposed. In Côte d'Ivoire, the personality of Houphouët-Boigny, the charismatic leader is predominant. Then the analysis deals with the "indigenes" subdued with the attempt to encompass the political aspirations and their hidden or expressed claims. Third, the impossibility of interactions meant to mobilize "advanced" elites and "indigenes" has been underlined because of the incompatibility of their political aspirations and the profound contempt of the colonized elite toward "indigenes". But ultimately the "advanced" elite of cote d'ivoire will be compelled to assume the political independence imposed by a french colonial power confronted with numerous rebellions colonized masses in Asia and North Africa and which can no longer achieve its old imperial dream. Throughout this thesis the official history that portrays Houphouët-Boigny and his party as hereon anti-colonialists is questionable considering the archives
Butale, Phenyo. „Discourses of poverty in literature : assessing representations of indigence in post-colonial texts from Botswana, Namibia and Zimbabwe“. Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96749.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis undertakes a comparative reading of post-colonial literature written in English in Botswana, Namibia and Zimbabwe to bring into focus the similarities and differences between fictional representations of poverty in these three countries. The thesis explores the unique way in which literature may contribute to the better understanding of poverty, a field that has hitherto been largely dominated by scholarship that relies on quantitative analysis as opposed to qualitative approaches. The thesis seeks to use examples from selected texts to illustrate that (as many social scientists have argued before) literature provides insights into the ‘lived realities’ of the poor and that with its vividly imagined specificities it illuminates the broad generalisations about poverty established in other (data-gathering) disciplines. Selected texts from the three countries destabilise the usual categories of gender, race and class which are often utilised in quantitative studies of poverty and by so doing show that experiences of poverty cut across and intersect all of these spheres and the experiences differ from one person to another regardless of which category they may fall within. The three main chapters focus primarily on local indigence as depicted by texts from the three countries. The selection of texts in the chapters follows a thematic approach and texts are discussed by means of selective focus on the ways in which they address the theme of poverty. Using three main theorists – Maria Pia Lara, Njabulo Ndebele and Amartya Sen – the thesis focuses centrally on how writers use varying literary devices and techniques to provide moving depictions of poverty that show rather than tell the reader of the unique experiences that different characters and different communities have of deprivation and shortage of basic needs.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis onderneem ‘n vergelykende studie van post-koloniale letterkunde in Engels uit Botswana, Namibië en Zimbabwe, om sodoende die ooreenstemmings en verskille tussen letterkundige uitbeeldings van armoede in hierdie drie lande aan die lig te bring. Die tesis ondersoek die unieke manier waarop letterkunde kan bydra tot ‘n beter begrip van armoede, ‘n studieveld wat tot huidiglik grotendeels op kwantitatiewe analises berus, in teenstelling met kwalitatiewe benaderings. Die tesis se werkswyse gebruik voorbeelde uit gelekteerde tekste met die doel om te illustreer (soos verskeie sosiaal-wetenskaplikes reeds aangevoer het) dat letterkunde insig voorsien in die lewenservarings van armoediges en dat dit die breë veralgemenings aangaande armoede in ander (data-gebaseerde) wetenskappe kan illumineer. Geselekteerde tekste uit die drie lande destabiliseer die gewone kategorieë van gender, ras en klas wat normaaalweg gebruik word in kwantitatiewe studies van armoede, om sodoende aan te toon dat die ervaring van armoede dwarsdeur hierdie klassifikasies sny en dat hierdie tipe lewenservaring verskil van persoon tot persoon ongeag in watter kategorie hulle geplaas word. Die drie sentrale hoofstukke fokus primêr op lokale armoede soos uitgebeeld in tekste vanuit die drie lande. Die seleksie van tekste in die hoofstukke volg ‘n tematiese patroon en tekste word geanaliseer na aanleiding van ‘n selektiewe fokus op die maniere waarop hulle armoede uitbeeld. Deur gebruik te maak van ‘ die teorieë van Maria Pia Lara, Njabulo Ndebele en Amartya Sen, fokus hierdie tesis sentraal op hoe skrywers verskeie literêre metodes en tegnieke aanwend ten einde ontroerende uitbeeldings van armoede te skep wat die leser wys liewer as om hom/haar slegs te vertel aangaande die unieke ervarings wat verskillende karakters en gemeenskappe het van ontbering en die tekort aan basiese behoefte-voorsiening.
Freitas, Ludmila Gomide. „A Camara Municipal da Vila de São Paulo e a escravidão indigena no seculo XVII (1629-1696)“. [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/278773.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: O presente trabalho tem como proposta entender a atuação da Câmara Municipal da vila de São Paulo na condução dos problemas advindos da escravidão dos índios no século XVII (1628-1696). A escravidão indígena foi um dos pontos de maior tensão durante o período colonial e envolveu todos os setores da sociedade: jesuítas, moradores, índios, autoridades régias na Colônia e a Coroa. Buscamos entender de que maneira o poder municipal desenvolveu mecanismos para afirmar os interesses locais, sobretudo os da elite, sem, contudo, abalar os laços de vassalagem com o Reino. A luta dos colonos de São Paulo pelo direito de explorar o trabalho indígena, levada à frente pela Câmara, demandou um esforço político para garantir estruturas legais mínimas que fundamentassem a escravidão
Abstract: The present work aims at understanding the role of the Council of the Village of São Paulo in the handling of problems originated from the Indian slavery in the XVII century (1628-1696). The Indian slavery has been one of the tensest points during the Colonial period, in which all sectors of society were involved: the Jesuits, the inhabitants, the Indians, the regal authorities in the Colony and the Crown. We intend to understand how the municipal power developed mechanisms to affirm the local interests, especially those from the elite, without shaking, however, its vassal position with respect to the Kingdom. The struggle of the colonists from Sao Paulo for the right to explore the Indian work was leaded by the Council, and demanded a political effort to ensure the minimum legal structures on which the slavery could be based.
Mestrado
Historia Cultural
Mestre em História
Abrahamson, Hannah R. „En la tinta del vencedor: la representacion de la mujer indigena en las cronicas de Indias“. Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1429827180.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMarín, Tamayo John Jairo. „Une stratégie de construction d'une nouvelle identité socioculturelle chez les indigènes du Nouveau-Royaume de Grenade au XVIe siècle : la production du Catéchisme de Fray Luis Zapata de Cárdenas“. Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/46819.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleReis, Anderson Roberti dos. „Da idolatria indigena a conversão cristã no Mexico do seculo XVI : uma analise da obra do frei Toribio Motolinia“. [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279801.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: O objetivo desta pesquisa é relacionar e analisar as concepções de idolatria indígena e conversão cristã no México do século XVI, a partir da Historia de los indios de la Nueva España de frei Toribio Motolinía. Após pouco mais de uma década de trabalhos missionários na Nova Espanha, Motolinía começou a redigir uma ¿relação dos ritos e idolatrias dos nativos e de sua maravilhosa conversão à religião cristã¿. Entretanto, essa ¿história dos índios¿ configurou-se, no decorrer da narrativa do frade, em uma ¿história dos trabalhos franciscanos junto aos indígenas do Novo Mundo¿. A partir dessa observação inicial, nós examinamos como Motolinía representou as noções de idolatria indígena e conversão cristã e, ao mesmo tempo, articulou esses dois conceitos em uma determinada estrutura narrativa com um sentido próprio. De algum modo, nós queremos analisar a relação entre a narrativa elaborada por frei Toribio e os desafios e debates (teológicos, políticos) com os quais o frade esteve envolvido, mesmo que indiretamente. A partir desse exercício, nós pretendemos, também, trazer ao debate uma parte significativa da história das idéias religiosas e políticas no México quinhentista, bem como as bases da fundação de uma memória franciscana na América
Abstract: The objective of this study is to relate and analyze the conceptions of indigenous idolatry and Christian conversion in the 16th century Mexico, based on the Historia de los indios de la Nueva España of friar Toribio Motolinía. After little more than a decade of missionary work in New Spain, Motolinía started to write a "register of rites and idolatry of the natives and their wonderful conversion to the Christian religion". However, this "indigenous history" became, as the friar's narrative progressed, a "history of Franciscan works with the natives of New World". From this initial observation, we explored how Motolinía represented the ideas of indigenous idolatry and Christian conversion and, at the same time, organized these two concepts in a given narrative structure, with a specific meaning. Somehow, we want to analyze the relationship between the narrative developed by friar Toribio and the challenges and debates (theological, political) with which he was involved ¿ indirectly, even. From this exercise, we also want to raise the debate about a significant part of the history of religious and political ideas of the 16th century Mexico, as well as the basis of the foundation of a Franciscan memory in America
Mestrado
Historia Cultural
Mestre em História
Cadogan, Bernard Francis. „Constituting the settler colony and reconstituting the indigene : the native administration and constitutionalism of Sir George Grey K.C.B. during his two New Zealand governorships (1845-1853, 1861-68) until the outbreak of the Waikato War in 1863“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:7040311f-6a6e-44d2-be47-b1d895380099.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBrocard, Nicole. „Soins, secours et exclusion : établissements hospitaliers et assistance dans le diocèse de Besançon, XIVe et XVe siècles /“. Besançon : Paris : Presses universitaires franc-comtoises ; diff. les Belles lettres, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb369726606.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSouza, Eug?nia Mateus de. „UMA EPOP?IA DE INDIGNA??O E TERNURA Meu querido canibal sob a ?tica da metafic??o historiogr?fica“. UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE FEIRA DE SANTANA, 2007. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/20.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAfter reading Meu querido canibal (My dear Cannibal) by Antonio Torres, this dissertation searches to map the colonial imaginary in the contemporary era by re-revisiting the history with a postcolonial view. The crystallization is broken by the metafictional paradox in order to allow the fitting of one more piece of the mosaic that forms the Brazilian cultural nation/ identity. The myth of nation, as founder of a community, generated a large number of possible and varied researches and inventions. Torres uses myths and shows the narrative of a colorless nation, to recognize in its identity the hybrid generated not only by the process of acculturation, but something more specific related to the process of transculturation. Several people from different territories settled down to the same area, creating a history of cultural diversity. Literature is responsible for recovering past/present, inside/outside in acts of anthropophagy to express the national culture. The mapping of the colonial imaginary enlarges a universe inside the singularities that do not permit boundaries, because they are made by man who resists on recognizing himself in another one. Meu querido canibal represents this conflict in recognizing the other: the Brazilian Indian tribes used to live in war; however, the fight against the invaders joined the Indians of the tribes by to the Great Indian Chef Cunhambebe, in Confedera??o dos Tamoios (Tamoio Confederation). The Tamoio tribe lost its area; they were away from it, trying to reconquer its land. Facing the European settlers, who didn t consider an uncivilized Indian culture with lack of organization, was a tough task. A different way of looking allows an understanding of the hybridism in the formation of a collective and plural identity. Hybridism in all senses: race, language, culture In this sense the subordinate space appears: the interstice , the nowhere. A space formed by the undeniable process of transculturation, that formed the builder Brazilian people creator that has also created the image of the fissures of diversity, located in a space that does not recognize the borders that feature a past load of denial, superiority, and exploration. The contemporary anthropophagy is reanalyzed by Torres through the fiction, repeating from another place and with another view, the history of the cultural dominance.
A partir da leitura de Meu querido canibal, de Ant?nio Torres, esta disserta??o procura mapear o imagin?rio colonial na contemporaneidade, atrav?s de uma revisita??o da hist?ria, com um olhar p?s-colonial. A cristaliza??o quebra-se pelo paradoxo metaficcional, para permitir o encaixe de mais uma pe?a (vers?o) do mosaico que forma a na??o/identidade cultural brasileira. O mito de na??o, o enquanto fundador de comunidade, gerou um sem-fim de pesquisas e inven??es das mais variadas e adversas poss?veis. Torres utiliza-se de mitos e mostra a narrativa de uma na??o desvestida da cor, para reconhecer, em sua identidade, o h?brido gerado n?o s? do processo de acultura??o, mas de algo mais espec?fico, do processo da transcultura??o. V?rios povos de territ?rios distintos se estabelecem num mesmo espa?o, desenhando uma hist?ria de diversidade cultural. ? literatura cabe a fun??o de recuperar passado/presente, fora/dentro em atos antropof?gicos para expressar a cultura nacional. Nesse mapeamento do imagin?rio colonial, amplia-se um universo dentro das singularidades que n?o permitem fronteiras, porque estas fronteiras s?o constru?das pelo homem, que resiste em reconhecer-se no outro. Meu querido canibal representa esse conflito em reconhecer o outro. As tribos ind?genas aqui viviam em guerras; no entanto, a luta contra os invasores uniu os ?ndios dessas tribos, atrav?s do grande chefe Cunhambebe, na Confedera??o dos Tamoios. Os tamoios perderam o seu espa?o, ficaram ? margem num lugar indefinido, vago , mas buscavam reconquistar o seu lugar. Tarefa ?rdua face ? resist?ncia europ?ia em aceitar uma cultura incivilizada e desprovida de um m?nimo de organiza??o . Um redimensionamento do olhar permite uma conscientiza??o da hibridez na forma??o de uma identidade coletiva e plural. Uma hibridiza??o em todos os sentidos: ra?a, linguagem, cultura... Nesse sentido surge o espa?o do subalterno: o interst?cio, o lugar nenhum. Espa?o formado mediante o processo ineg?vel de transcultura??o, formador do povo brasileiro, criador da imagem das fissuras da diversidade, situado num espa?o intervalar desconhecedor de fronteiras que marcaram um passado de nega??o, de superioridade, de explora??o. A antropofagia contempor?nea, retomada por Torres atrav?s da fic??o, repete de um outro lugar e com um outro olhar a hist?ria da domina??o cultural.
Le, Bot Yvon. „Communauté, violence et modernité : luttes sociales, question ethnique et conflits armés en Amérique centrale et en Amérique andine : 1970-1992“. Paris, EHESS, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992EHES0022.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFavier, Irène. „La convoitise des confins : luttes foncières et redéfinition du national dans le Haut Marañón péruvien (1946-2009)“. Thesis, Paris 8, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA080031/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAs an overlooked piece of Peru’s nation building process, the High Marañón region was mainly populated by indigenous, Awajún and Wampís populations until it was designated a Christian mission land in the middle of the XXth century. This Amazonian territory, located on the northeastern part of the country on the border with Ecuador, has been in diplomatic dispute since the early republican era. As a result, it became the focus of projects whose aim was to integrate the High Marañón into the nation and whose outcome was a number of new phenomena such as a process of “internal colonization” by peasants of mixed race, a series of subsoil explorations for mining extraction, and the institutionalization of activities related to education and health. From a forlorn land made invisible by the limitations of peruvian state apparatus, the High Marañón region became a battleground in the progression of global dynamics. This research aims to narrate the history of the “encounter” of two cultural areas, the indigenous one and the global one, from the arrival of the Jesuit mission in 1946 to the Baguazo event, so-Named after a bloody conflict between indigenous activists and police forces in the city of Bagua which took place in 2009. This research demonstrates that far from limiting itself to a mere absorption of a margin by a nation, this encounter has aroused the interest of Peruvian civil society, and partially called into question the historical nation-Building paradigm, in which socio-Racially biased logics have thusfar prevailed
Fuente, David de la. „Défis stratégiques et aporie politique : les mouvements de lutte armée au Guatemala 1960-1990“. Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL172.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGuatemala is not the largest country in Central America, but it is the most populous. Its main characteristic, besides its particularly mountainous relief, is its social structure, marked by a high rate of native population: about 60%. This country, like El Salvador or Nicaragua, is mainly known for the armed conflict that took place on its territory between 1960 and 1996. But unlike the Nicaraguan Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional (FSLN) and the Salvadoran Frente Farabundo Martí de Liberación Nacional (FSLN), the Unidad Revolucionaria Nacional Guatemalteca (URNG) failed. Our study concerns the reasons for this failure, and focuses on internal tensions and struggles for power guerrilla warfare and its relationship with indigenous peoples during the conflict. Our work provides an analysis of the inner workings of the guerrillas, based on testimonies collected by us, commanders and senior cadres of armed organizations
Seal, Sarah Emily. „"Recuérdame": Un Análisis De La Memoria, Las Fronteras, Y La Busqueda De La Identidad En "COCO"“. Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1555692913161845.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle„Os campos de Araraquara : um estudo de historia indigena no interior paulista“. Tese, Biblioteca Digital da Unicamp, 2006. http://libdigi.unicamp.br/document/?code=vtls000377352.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleO'Donnabhain, Barra. „Immigrants and indigenes : morphological variability and Irish-Viking interactions in the early historic period /“. 2001. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3019957.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZESSIN, Philipp. „Entstehung, soziologie und semantik des indigenen journalismus in Algerien in der ersten Hälfte des 20. jahrhunderts“. Doctoral thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/14988.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleExamining Board: Professor Heinz-Gerhard Haupt, European University Institute Professor Kiran Patel, European University Institute Professor Jörg Requate, University of Bielefeld Professor Rachid Ouaïssa, University of Marburg
First made available online 29 March 2019
Chandler, Creighton. „Guatemalan Kairos : Catholic social thought, liberation, and the course of history, 1965-1976“. Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/28720.
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Rompré, Hélène. „Laver la patrie de la tache de l’ignorance L’État, les mineurs et les enfants de l’Équateur (1760-1845)“. Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6110.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe family metaphor has been used throughout the history of Ecuador by colonial and republican governments alike to embody the perfect political system and the domination of a privileged group, the « parents », over a submissive population, their metaphorical children. This doctoral thesis is concerned with the concept of minority in the late colonial and early republican eras (1760-1845). It draws on State discourses and strategies to legitimize the colour-class domination of the Indians, the people of African descent, as well as people of mixed ancestry, perceived as childlike. This thesis is also concerned with resistance strategies of individuals who did not consider themselves minors and did not accept laws, government decrees or the hierarchical order intended to place them in this submissive position. By presenting themselves as competent parents asking for patria potestad, legal authority over their children, many adults such as women, Indian fathers or slave parents, fought for greater autonomy for themselves, their families, or their communities. After the Wars of Independence and the birth of Gran Colombia, followed by that of the Republic of Ecuador, the symbolic head of the political family, the King of Spain, as well as the bureaucracy that represented him in his American Empire, disappeared. The political system of Ecuador now rested in the hands of multiple « fathers », members of a select Creole oligarchy, members of the same group that had complained during the colonial period and the revolutionary period that the Spanish King had abused his powers as a tyrannical father. The Ecuadorian population, in particular its indigenous segment, was still considered to be composed of « children ». The new challenge was to explain why, after fighting for freedom from oppression, the majority of adults still needed to be under the tutelage of White Patriachs, as tribute payers, slaves or peones (forced laborers). An argument was used repeatedly to justify the preservation of the colonial order in the republican era: the ignorance of the plebe and its temporary need for guidance. Over more than a century, the myth of the construction of the Ecuadorian Nation, where all citizens would live freely and equally, was counterbalanced by another myth, that of a Nation that needed to be cleansed from its ignorance. There appeared to be only one possible means to get rid of this lingering imperfection: public education.
Iannuzzi, Giulia. „Geografie del tempo. Viaggi tra i popoli nativi, esperienze di alterità e concettualizzazioni del tempo storico nel lungo Settecento tra Europa e Nord America“. Doctoral thesis, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1262559.
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