Thematische Bibliographien / Hemostasis

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Hemostasis“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 4. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 31. Juli 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Hemostasis"

Rathod, Dr Rohit Narendra. „Hemostasis in the Surgical Field“. EAS Journal of Medicine and Surgery 4, Nr. 10 (16.11.2022): 211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/easjms.2022.v04i10.003.

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Hemostatic mechanisms are an integral a part of the human physiology. Traditionally divided into intrinsic and extrinsic arms, the coagulation cascade converges, through the interactions of the many various factors, at a standard element—thrombin. As a consequence, variety of various agents is developed to supplement this common, critical step to assist surgical hemostasis. Intraoperative interventions most ordinarily include sutures and heat-generating cautery devices; however, these methods are sometimes insufficient or inappropriate for a selected procedure or anatomic location, resulting in the event of other adjunctive therapies, including topical hemostats. Topical hemostatic agents generally act as active, passive, and combinations therapies, counting on their individual composition and mode of action. We offer a quick review of the traditional coagulation cascade, including critical points, followed by a discussion of surgical strategies and adjuctive therapies want to achieve surgical hemostasis and concluding with a discussion of topical thrombins.

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Kondratiev, M. V., A. S. Petrova, A. S. Gryzunova, S. N. Lavrentiev, N. I. Zakharova, O. F. Serova, V. A. Krasnova und K. B. Zhybanisheva. „Changes in primary and secondary hemostasis as a predictor of adverse neonatal outcomes in birth asphyxia“. Voprosy praktičeskoj pediatrii 18, Nr. 1 (2023): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/1817-7646-2023-1-103-110.

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The hemostatic system is complex and evolves continuously since gestation and well into the adult years, in a process known as “developmental hemostasis”. This article presents information about the functioning of the hemostatic system in normal and pathological conditions (birth asphyxia) in newborns, reflects fundamental differences in hemostatic functioning during the neonatal period and the possibilities in maintaining normal hemostasis in conditions of physiological deficiency of both clotting factors and the anticoagulant system. The article highlights various methods of diagnosing the hemostatic system used in neonatology. The so-called global hemostasis tests are being introduced into neonatal practice. The study of hemostasis using thromboelastography technique allows to correct for the patient's real body temperature and estimate both the interaction of platelets and clotting factors and examine the plasma hemostasis component in isolation. The effects of neonatal asphyxia and therapeutic hypothermia procedures on the hemostatic system are poorly understood. This review article attempts to summarize the data available in the world scientific literature concerning this problem. Key words: newborns, developing hemostasis, asphyxia, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, thromboelastography, coagulation, therapeutic hypothermia

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B, Nichols, Zbozien R, Nichols A, Hunter J und Hayes PD. „Remedy Publications LLC., | http://surgeryresearchjournal.com World Journal of Surgery and Surgical Research 2023 | Volume 6 | Article 15001 Physical Modification of a Gelatin Sponge Creates a Very Adhesive, Rapidly Absorbable, Blood-Free Hemostat“. World Journal of Surgery and Surgical Research 6, Nr. 1 (30.09.2023): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.25107/2637-4625-v6-id1500.

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Background: An effective hemostat not only needs to stop the bleeding whilst it is held in place but importantly, it must stay there securely during the perioperative recovery phases. As patients move during the recovery period, several forces can act on the hemostat leading to its displacement and possible postoperative hemorrhage. Adhesive hemostats have been developed to prevent this, but many contain human blood components or are prohibitively expensive for widespread use. This study evaluated a physical surface modification of a plain gelatin sponge with no additives (chemical/biologic), designed to securely adhere to bleeding tissue and create a long-lasting hemostatic matrix (TenaTac®, Selentus Science, UK). Methods: Adhesion and hemostasis were tested in a standard leporine hepatic bleeding model against the adhesive hemostats, TachoSil® and Hemopatch®. Absorption was tested in a porcine hepatic implantation model against plain gelatin sponge. Results: TenaTac was very well tolerated in the porcine model and was completely reabsorbed by day 14. TenaTac demonstrated a 69% improvement in adhesion over TachoSil (p<0.001). Hemostasis was also significantly better than TachoSil at the 6- & 9-min endpoints (p=0.016 & p=0.002). With systemic heparinization (300 u/kg) TenaTac’s adhesion score was 42.5% higher than non-heparinized TachoSil (p=0.003). After delivery through a laparoscopic cannula, the hemostasis and adhesive capabilities were not different from Hemopatch (p>0.05 for all). Conclusion: Physical surface modification of a gelatin sponge has resulted in a rapidly absorbable hemostat that demonstrates superior adhesion and hemostasis to other advanced hemostats.

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Parkhisenko, Yuri A., Alexey K. Vorontsov, Evgeniy F. Cherednikov, Sergey V. Barannikov, Anton V. Korsakov und Vladislav P. Troshin. „Morphological assessment of reparative regeneration of experimental bleeding liver wounds in the treatment of hemostatic agent Surgitamp and granular sorbent Molselect G-50“. Journal of Volgograd State Medical University 20, Nr. 1 (23.04.2023): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.19163/1994-9480-2023-20-1-73-80.

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The problem of treating intra-abdominal bleeding in abdominal trauma is one of the most serious in urgent surgery. The most common cause of these hemorrhages is liver damage. For surgical hemostasis, local hemostatics and granular sorbents are becoming increasingly common. The aim of the study was to study in vivo the hemostatic properties and morphological features of the reparative regeneration of simulated bleeding liver wounds during treatment with the hemostatic agent Surgitamp and the sorbent Molselect G-50. The experiments were performed on 30 laboratory animals Chinchilla rabbits. After reproducing the model of a bleeding liver wound, bleeding was stopped in the experimental group (n = 15) by applying Molselect G-50 (4.0 g) powdered sorbent into the wound, followed by tamponing with Surgitamp hemostatic gauze (4.0 x 2.0 cm). Hemostasis in the control liver wound was carried out by applying a U-shaped suture with a PGA-3.0 thread until the edges of the wound converged. Morphological studies were performed on the 7th, 14th and 28th days of the experiment. Experimental studies have shown that the time to stop bleeding in the experimental group was 280.0 (264.0308.0) sec, in the control, the time of hemostasis was later 461.0 (420.0501.0) sec. Morphological studies have allowed us to establish differences in both the rate and quality of reparative regeneration of experimental simulated liver wounds compared with the control. Experimental studies using Molselect G-50 in combination with Surgistamp for local hemostasis of bleeding liver wounds in rabbits allowed us to conclude that such a combination makes it possible not only to reliably stop bleeding, but also promotes the stimulation of reparative regeneration.

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Romantsov, Mikhail N., Eugene F. Cherednikov, Aleksandr Anatolevich Glukhov und Constantine O. Fursov. „New technologies of endoscopic hemostasis in a treatment protocol of patients with gastroduodenal ulcer bleeding“. Vestnik of Experimental and Clinical Surgery 11, Nr. 1 (08.04.2018): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2070-478x-2018-11-1-16-23.

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Relevance of research. Acute gastroduodenal bleeding is remaining a difficult and largely unsolved problem up to day. The fundamental importance in treating this category of patients is an endoscopic hemostasis. The decisive point in this problem is the most stable hemostasis and preventing a recurrence of a hemorrhage. In this regard, the search of new solutions and the development of known methods of treatment of the gastroduodenal ulcer bleeding is an important issue. Aim of research. To evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment protocol of patients with the gastroduodenal ulcer bleeding by applying combined endoscopic insufflations of hemostatic agents and a diovin as an integral part of a complex therapy. Materials and methods. The research is based on results of treatment of the patients with the gastroduodenal ulcer bleeding being in a medical setting at the departments of surgery at Voronezh city clinical emergency hospital №1. During the treatment of the main group (59 patients) there was used an integrated approach with the usage of powdered hemostatic agents of gelplastan and lyophilisate NovoSeven in combination with diovin in the endoscopic treatment of gastroduodenal ulcer bleeding. There were used the traditional well-known methods of the endoscopic hemostasis without the usage of hemostatic agents and absorbent grains in treatment of the control group (56 patients). Results and discussion. The evaluation of results of patients’ treatment with gastroduodenal ulcer bleeding was performed according to the figures of the final hemostasis, the frequency of recurrent bleeding, the prevention of emergency operations, the rates of mortality, the duration of hospitalization. The developed protocol of the patients’ treatment with gastroduodenal ulcer bleeding with the usage of combined the endoscopic insufflation of two hemostatics and diovin makes it possible to achieve the maximum persistent hemostasis at 94.9% of patients, to reduce the risk of recurrent hemorrhages by 2.5 times, to prevent emergency operations and, as a result, to reduce the lethality. Conclusion. The usage of new technologies of endoscopic hemostasis by the hemostatic pneumoinsufflation gelplastan and lyophilisate NovoSeven in combination with diovin in the treatment of patients with gastroduodenal ulcer bleeding allows to reduce the risk of recurrent hemorrhage from 12,5% to 5,01% (by 2,5 times), to prevent emergency operations, to reduce the lethality from 3,65% to 1,7% (by 2,1 times) and to reduce the period of staying in the hospital from 10,2 to 7,4 bed days (p<0.05).

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Misumi, Yoshitsugu, Kouichi Nonaka und Maiko Kishino. „Endoscopic Image 2 Hours after PuraStat® Application: A Case of Achieving Hemostasis Using PuraStat® for Postgastric Lesion Biopsy Bleeding after Hemostatic Clips Failed“. Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine 2023 (26.07.2023): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/5620348.

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PuraStat® (3D Matrix, Tokyo, Japan) is a novel, self-assembling peptide hemostatic hydrogel that can be used endoscopically. Hemostasis can be physically obtained by covering bleeding points; however, there are no reports of how long PuraStat remains in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Herein, we report a case wherein esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) was performed 2 hours after PuraStat application. A 73-year-old man underwent EGD for evaluation of lesions in the posterior wall of the stomach. A biopsy was then performed on the gastric lesions; however, massive bleeding occurred. A hemostatic clip was used to stop bleeding but failed; primary hemostasis was obtained by applying PuraStat. EGD performed 2 hours later to determine whether the patient could be discharged revealed that the white-turning PuraStat gel remained firmly in the applied area, confirming complete hemostasis. PuraStat is a hemostatic agent capable of physical hemostasis that reliably remains in the stomach even after a few hours of use and, thus, may replace some conventional hemostasis methods.

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Budko, E. V., L. M. Yampolsky, D. A. Chernikova und A. A. Khabarov. „Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of a local hemostatic agent modified with a bio-organic composition“. CARDIOMETRY, Nr. 18 (18.05.2021): 100–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2021.18.100112.

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Constant attention to the study of the experience of using hemostatic products proposed for local bleeding arrest encourages new developments in this field. Modern hemostatics are porous multilayer systems with an inclusion of active coagulants. The results of the assessment of hemostatic activity obtained with the help of clinical and laboratory methods often do not lend themselves to cross-checking and statistical processing, and do not allow us to study objects with different physical and chemical properties. Methods of chemometrics, namely planimetry, allow you to visualize the parameters of sorption and hemocoagulation activity. A comparative planimetric study of commercial local hemostatic agents like Celox powder, sponges and napkins of various companies, zeolite powder, as well as new hemostatic compositions, which were given provisionally label A52 and A58, was carried out. It is shown that the hemostatic composition labeled as A52 leads to the activation of absorbent materials, the formation of a stable volumetric primary and secondary thrombus. A comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of a new hemostatic agent in an acute experiment shows a high expression of hemostasis (the time of primary hemostasis is 15-20 seconds) and no recurrence of bleeding for the studied samples compared to the reference.

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Wu, Baofeng, Ruixin Zhang, Chendi Liang, Chengjie Zhang und Gang Qin. „Study on the Safety of the New Radial Artery Hemostasis Device“. Journal of Interventional Cardiology 2022 (05.04.2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2345584.

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Objective. At present, the use of particular radial hemostatic devices after coronary angiography (CAG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has become the primary method of hemostasis. Most control studies are based on the products already on the market, while only a few studies are on the new hemostatic devices. The aim of this study is to compare a new radial artery hemostasis device which is transformed based on the invention patent (Application number: CN201510275446) with TR Band (Terumo Medical) to evaluate its clinical effects. Methods. In a prospective randomized clinical trial, 60 patients after CAG or PCI were randomly divided into two groups, patients in the trial group (CD group) using a new radial artery hemostasis device to stop bleeding and the control group (TR group) using the TR Band. The method is to collect relevant data of the two groups and compare the differences in hemostasis, local complications, and patient discomfort between the two groups. Results. The hemostatic devices in both groups achieved adequate hemostasis, and there was no failure to stop bleeding. The new radial artery hemostasis device was better than the TR band in pain and swelling ( P < 0.05 ). There were no significant differences in bleeding, hematoma, ecchymosis, skin damage, and local infection between the two groups ( P > 0.05 ). Conclusions. The sample of the new radial artery hemostasis device can stop bleeding effectively at the puncture site after CAG or PCI and is not inferior to the TR Band balloon hemostatic device in safety and is better in comfort.

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Du, Jian, Jingzhong Wang, Tao Xu, Hai Yao, Lili Yu und Da Huang. „Hemostasis Strategies and Recent Advances in Nanomaterials for Hemostasis“. Molecules 28, Nr. 13 (07.07.2023): 5264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28135264.

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The development of materials that effectively stop bleeding and prevent wound adhesion is essential in both military and medical fields. However, traditional hemostasis methods, such as cautery, tourniquets, and gauze, have limitations. In recent years, new nanomaterials have gained popularity in medical and health fields due to their unique microstructural advantages. Compared to traditional materials, nanomaterials offer better adhesion, versatility, and improved bioavailability of traditional medicines. Nanomaterials also possess advantages such as a high degree and stability, self-degradation, fewer side effects, and improved wound healing, which make them ideal for the development of new hemostatic materials. Our review provides an overview of the currently used hemostatic strategies and materials, followed by a review of the cutting-edge nanomaterials for hemostasis, including nanoparticles and nanocomposite hydrogels. The paper also briefly describes the challenges faced by the application of nanomaterials for hemostasis and the prospects for their future development.

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Han, Wenli, und Shige Wang. „Advances in Hemostatic Hydrogels That Can Adhere to Wet Surfaces“. Gels 9, Nr. 1 (22.12.2022): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9010002.

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Currently, uncontrolled bleeding remains a serious problem in emergency, surgical and battlefield environments. Despite the specific properties of available hemostatic agents, sealants, and adhesives, effective hemostasis under wet and dynamic conditions remains a challenge. In recent years, polymeric hydrogels with excellent hemostatic properties have received much attention because of their adjustable mechanical properties, high porosity, and biocompatibility. In this review, to investigate the role of hydrogels in hemostasis, the mechanisms of hydrogel hemostasis and adhesion are firstly elucidated, the adhesion design strategies of hemostatic hydrogels in wet environments are briefly introduced, and then, based on a comprehensive literature review, the studies and in vivo applications of wet-adhesive hemostatic hydrogels in different environments are summarized, and the improvement directions of such hydrogels in future studies are proposed.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Hemostasis"

Keebaugh, Audrey Elizabeth. „Evaluation of hemostasis in hyperthyroid cats“. Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99376.

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Background: Hyperthyroid cats are predisposed to thrombus formation. The mechanism for thrombogenesis is currently unknown, but could be associated with altered hemostasis as seen in hyperthyroid humans. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate markers of hemostasis in hyperthyroid cats compared to healthy cats, and in hyperthyroid cats before and after treatments with radioactive iodine (RIT). Methods: Twenty-five cats with hyperthyroidism and 13 healthy euthyroid cats > 8 years of age were studied. Prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), fibrinogen, antithrombin (AT), D-dimers, thrombin-antithrombin complexes (TAT), von Willebrand Factor antigen (vWF:Ag), and activity of factors VIII and IX were measured. An echocardiogram was performed in all cats and healthy cats with abnormal echocardiograms were excluded. Measurements of hemostasis were evaluated again in 7 cats > 6 months after RIT and deemed to have restored euthyroid status. Results: There is a significant likelihood of being in hypercoagulable state based on hyperthyroid state (P = 0.019) and serum T4 level is significantly associated with predicating hypercoagulability (P = 0.043). Hyperthyroidism is associated with significantly higher median fibrinogen concentration (P < 0.0001), higher median AT activity (P < 0.0001), and higher median vWF:Ag level (P = 0.01) with all values decreasing significantly post-RIT. Fibrinogen and AT had a strong positive correlation with serum T4 value (r = 0.79; 95% CI 0.63 - 0.89 and r = 0.70; 95% CI 0.50 - 0.84, respectively). Presence of an abnormal echocardiogram in hyperthyroid cats was associated with a significantly higher median fibrinogen concentration (P = 0.03). Echocardiographic status did not have a significant impact on the remaining hemostatic markers in hyperthyroid cats. Conclusions: These results provide evidence of altered hemostasis and hypercoagulability in hyperthyroid cats that do not appear to be solely attributed to cardiac abnormalities. These differences of altered hemostasis resolved after radioiodine therapy, but further studies are warranted to determine if hypercoagulable state resolves.
Master of Science
In feline hyperthyroidism, there is a predisposition for thrombus formation. An alteration of hemostasis has been documented in hyperthyroid humans, but despite reports of thrombus formation in hyperthyroid cats, the underlying mechanism is currently unknown. Hyperthyroidism can lead to cardiac abnormalities that could possibly contribute thrombus formation, although thrombus formation has occurred in hyperthyroid cats without detected abnormalities. The goal of this study was to evaluate markers of hemostasis in hyperthyroid cats presenting for radioiodine therapy to evaluate for presence of hypercoagulability. Twenty-five hyperthyroid cats were evaluated with hemostasis panels and echocardiograms. The results were compared to a group of 13 healthy cats. Markers of hemostasis and echocardiograms in 7 hyperthyroid cats were also compared to results 6 months or greater post-radioiodine therapy. There was evidence of altered hemostasis and hypercoagulability in hyperthyroid cats. The alterations noted resolved after radioiodine therapy and do not appear to be solely attributed to cardiac abnormalities seen in hyperthyroid cats.

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Hormiga, Hernando Gonzalez [UNESP]. „Aplicação de diferentes pinças hemostáticas em veias de equinos: estudo morfológico“. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/144581.

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Foi realizada a avaliação morfológica e morfométrica da veia cefálica submetida à pinçamento de cinco equinos hígidos. Foram testadas as pinças hemostáticas: Diffenbach bulldog, De Bakey bulldog, Rochester reta e De Bakey com cremalheira. Após 15 minutos da aplicação das referidas pinças, foi realizada a flebectomia parcial e coletadas as amostras referentes a cada segmento do vaso pinçado e do segmento controle sem pinçamento. Das peças procedeu-se as preparações histológicas dos segmentos da veia nas colorações de Hematoxilina-Eosina e Tricrômio de Masson, os cortes histológicos foram avaliados por microscopia óptica. Foi realizada análise morfológica das veias, de forma qualitativa, utilizando para isto uma escala de avaliação de lesões vasculares após pinçamento; a avaliação morfométrica, quantificando em micrometros o achatamento produzido pelas pinças nas diferentes camadas vasculares. Em ambos os estudos, morfológico e morfométrico, as pinças com serrilhamento transversal e fechamento tipo cremalheira causaram as maiores alterações, observou se marcada vacuolização das células musculares e desarranjo na túnica media com perda marcada das células endoteliais da túnica intima do vaso estudado.
Morphometric and morphologic evaluation of the cephalic vein of five healthy horses submitted to clamping was done. Hemostatic clamps tested were Dieffenbach bulldog, De Bakey bulldog, Rochester straight and De Bakey with ratchets. 15 minutes after mentioned clamps were applied partial phlebotomy was performed and histologic sections of the veins were prepared and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin and Masson Trichrome, after the stained preparations were evaluated by light microscopy. A qualitative morphological analysis of the veins was performed using a rating scale of vascular lesions after clamping; the morphometric evaluation consisted in quantifying in micrometers the flattening produced by the hemostatic clamps in the different vascular beds. In both studies, morphologic and morphometric, hemostats with transverse serration and ratcheted mechanism caused major changes, pronounced vacuolization of the muscle cells, derangement of the medium tunic and marked loss of endothelial cells of the intima tunic was observed in the vessel studied.

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Gonçalves, Daniele Silvano. „Avaliação das alterações hemorrágicas e tromboembólicas em cães com doença renal crônica“. Botucatu, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/134372.

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Orientador: Regina Kiomi Takahira
Resumo: A doença renal crônica (DRC) acomete principalmente cães idosos e tem como característica principal a perda irreversível da função renal. A DRC em cães promove alterações metabólicas graves, caracterizadas frequentemente pela azotemia, hipoalbuminemia e anemia não regenerativa. Tanto a azotemia quanto a uremia predispõem a alterações hemostáticas que podem levar a quadros hemorrágicos. Além das disfunções plaquetárias, deficiência de anticoagulantes naturais e redução da fibrinólise são fatores que predispõem ao tromboembolismo. Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar as possíveis tendências hemorrágicas ou trombóticas em cães com DRC. Foram selecionados 20 cães saudáveis (grupo controle) com exames dentro da normalidade e 17 cães com DRC em estágios III ou IV classificados segundo a IRIS e a relação proteína/creatirina urinária maior que um (grupo DRC). As amostras de sangue para a realização da tromboelastometria (TEM), agregação plaquetária, tempo de protrombina (TP), tempo de tromboplastina parcial ativada (TTPA) e concentração de fibrinogênio foram colhidas em momento único para ambos os grupos após os critérios de inclusão serem confirmados. A análise estatística foi realizada de acordo com a distribuição das variáveis, ao nível de 5% de significância. No presente estudo foi possível observar um estado de hipercoagulabilidade sanguínea nos cães com DRC. Na TEM com o ativador de via extrínseca, observou-se encurtamento no tempo de coagulação e do tempo de formação do coá... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects mostly older dogs and its main characteristic is the irreversible loss of kidney function. CKD in dogs promotes serious metabolic alterations, often characterized by azotemia, hypoalbuminemia and non-regenerative anemia. Azotemia and uremia predispose the hemostatic abnormalities that can lead to hemorrhagic cases. In addition to platelet dysfunction, deficiency of natural anticoagulants and reduced fibrinolysis are factors that predispose to thromboembolism. This work aims to evaluate the possible bleeding or thrombotic tendencies in dogs with CKD. 20 healthy dogs were selected (control group) with tests within normal limits and 17 dogs with CKD in stages III or IV classified according to IRIS and urine protein to creatinine ratio greater than one (CKD group). Blood samples for the realization of thromboelastometry (TEM), platelet aggregation, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and fibrinogen concentration were collected at one time for both groups after the inclusion criteria had been confirmed. Statistical analysis performed according to the distribution of the variable at the 5% level of significance. In the present study, we observed a state of hypercoagulable blood in dogs with CKD. In TEM with the extrinsic pathway activator, there was shortening of the clotting time and clot formation time, increasing the alpha angle and the maximum clot firmness, and reducing the maximum lysis in dogs with CKD comp... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre

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Joesph, Wiencek R. „Regulating Hemostasis: The Factor Va Cofactor Effect“. Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1431514489.

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Lindfelt, Jan O. W. „Hepatic nerves in hemostasis and glucose metabolism :“. Lund : Dept. of Surgery, Lund University, 1993. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/39654187.html.

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Peterle, Daniele. „Molecular Mechanism in the Alteration of Hemostasis“. Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3426350.

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Hemostasis is a finely tuned physiological process that, through the concerted action of several blood cells and proteins, maintains the integrity of the vascular system. This stepwise process begins after a vessel wall injury and includes: an initial vasospasm, a platelet plug formation (primary hemostasis), an assembly and activation of the coagulation factors that results in fibrin deposition at the site of injury (secondary hemostasis), and a final dissolution of the fibrin clot that restores the blood vessel patency (fibrinolysis) (Chapter 1). Alterations affecting one or more of these delicate processes lead to a large number of pathological manifestations, commonly referred to as cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Nowadays, CVD are the major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Despite the social and economic burden of CVD, the currently available pharmaceutical repertoire is relatively limited to a few classes of molecules (heparins, platelet antiaggregants, vitamin-K antagonists, direct thrombin inhibitors) which, however, display important side effects and need to be employed with careful dose adjustments. These difficulties stem primarily from: i) the intrinsically complex nature of the procoagulant and anticoagulant biochemical mechanisms leading to physiological hemostasis, which renders external intervention very risky and unpredictable; ii) the inadequate knowledge of the biochemical mechanisms linking blood coagulation to other vital physio-pathological processes. The general aim of this Ph.D. project was to investigate some of the molecular mechanisms underlying hemostatic disorders. To address this relevant question, we proceeded by studying selected pathologies for which association with hemostatic complications has either been long-established (i.e., Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS), infectious diseases) or has just been hypothesized (Parkinson’s disease (PD), Transthyretin-related Amyloidosis (ATTR)), focusing our attention on the physio-pathological proteins involved in the onset of these disorders. In a first stage, our attention was focused on the study of novel interactions between α-thrombin (αT), the key enzyme of the coagulation cascade, with other plasma proteins (i.e., β2-glycoprotein-I, α-synuclein). In a second stage, we investigated an alternative mechanism of activation of prothrombin, the precursor of αT, by a bacterial protease (subtilisin from B. subtilis). Finally, some selected proteases were tested against human transthyretin, whose proteolyzed form is a key factor in the onset of ATTR. In its traditional pathway, blood coagulation culminates with the FXa-mediated conversion of prothrombin zymogen into active αT, through the formation of the prothrombinase complex on the platelet surface. Mature αT is a 36.7 kDa serine protease with a chymotrypsin-like fold. αT plays a pivotal role in blood coagulation, being able to exert both procoagulant (platelets aggregation, fibrin generation) and anticoagulant (protein C activation) functions. The equilibrium between such different activities is regulated by the interaction of αT with other proteins through its active site and two positively charged regions, called exosites (exosite I and exosite II), which flank the catalytic cleft. In addition, αT is a multifunctional protease that, beyond blood coagulation, plays important roles also in other physiological processes such as inflammation, innate immune system, and nervous systems. In Chapter 2 we mapped the interaction between αT and β2-Glycoprotein I (β2GpI). β2GpI is a heavily glycosylated 45 kDa protein that resides in human plasma at a physiological concentration of 4 µM (0.25 mg/ml). Since the early 90's, β2GpI has been identified as the major autoantigen in the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), a severe autoimmune disease clinically characterized by hemostatic alterations such as venous and arterial thrombosis, fetal loss and thrombocytopenia. Despite its involvement in the pathogenesis of APS, the physiological roles of β2GpI remain unclear and both pro- and anti-coagulant functions have been reported for this protein. In a recent work, we have shown that β2GpI selectively inhibits the procoagulant functions of human α-thrombin (i.e. prolongs fibrin clotting time, tc, and inhibits α-thrombin-induced platelets aggregation) without affecting the unique anticoagulant activity of the protease (i.e. the proteolytic generation of the anticoagulant protein C). Here, combining molecular modeling with biochemical/biophysical techniques, we provided a coherent structural model of αT-β2GpI complex. The model has allowed us to understand at the molecular level our previous in vitro results. In particular, our findings suggested that β2GpI may function as an anticoagulant protein, acting as a scavenger of αT for the binding to GpIbα receptor, thus impairing platelets aggregation while enabling normal cleavage of fibrinogen and protein C. Chapter 3 was dedicated to the role of bacterial proteases in inducing blood coagulation by direct proteolytic activation of prothrombin. This knowledge gap is particularly concerning, as bacterial infections are frequently complicated by severe coagulopathies, and, in about 35% of sepsis cases, by disseminated intravascular coagulopathies (DIC). Here, we show that addition of subtilisin (50 nM–2 µM), a serine protease secreted by the nonpathogenic bacterium Bacillus subtilis, to human plasma induces clotting by proteolytically converting prothrombin into active σPre2, a nicked Pre2 derivative with a single cleaved Ala470–Asn471 bond. Notably, we found that this non-canonical cleavage at Ala470–Asn471 is instrumental for the onset of catalytic activity in σPre2, which was however reduced of about 100-200 fold compared with natural αT. Of note, σPre2 could generate fibrin clots from fibrinogen, either in solution or in blood plasma, and could aggregate human platelets, either isolated or in whole blood. Our findings demonstrate that alternative cleavage of prothrombin by proteases, even by those secreted by non-virulent bacteria such as B. subtilis, can shift the delicate procoagulant-anticoagulant equilibrium toward thrombosis. The study object presented in Chapter 4 is the interplay between αT and α-synuclein (αSyn). αSyn is a small (14.6 kDa) presynaptic protein mainly synthesized in the brain and whose aggregation has been shown to trigger the onset of different neurodegenerative diseases, commonly referred to as synucleinopathies (i.e., Parkinson disease). As for β2GpI, the exact physiological role of αSyn is still elusive. Intriguingly, αSyn is also synthesized by platelets and was found to inhibit the Ca2+-dependent release of procoagulant α-granules after αT stimulation. Moreover, clinical evidences clearly indicate that patients affected by neurodegenerative disorders have lower risks of ischemic attack. The collateral effects of αSyn in the pathogenesis and its localization on platelet surfaces prompted us to investigate a possible role of it in the hemostatic system. Here, we studied the effects of αSyn on fibrin generation and platelet activation. Furthermore, we mapped the interaction sites on αSyn and αT. Briefly, our results indicate that the negatively charged C-terminal tail of αSyn binds to the electropositive exosite-2 of thrombin, thus impairing αT-mediated platelet activation in whole blood. At variance, αSyn does not alter the rate of fibrin generation, resulting only in a minor change in the ensuing fibrin structure. In Chapter 5 we attempted to correlate the onset of systemic transthyretin amyloidosis to an altered activation of blood coagulation. Human transthyretin (hTTR) is an abundant homo-tetrameric plasma protein (0.2 mg/ml) involved in the transport of thyroxine and retinol through the binding to retinol binding protein. Beyond its physiological roles, hTTR is known as an amyloidogenic protein whose aggregation is responsible for several amyloid diseases, including senile systemic amyloidosis (SSA), familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP), and familial amyloid cardiomyopathy (FAC). From a mechanistic point of view, the proteolytic cleavage of hTTR represents an important step in fibril formation. In particular, after cleavage around position 50, hTTR C-terminal fragments have been found to aggregate far more efficiently than the full-length hTTR. Nowadays, the protease(s) responsible for this cleavage is yet to be identified although it is predicted to be a serine protease with a trypsin-like fold. Since all coagulation factors are trypsin-like serine proteases, we decided to probe them for the proteolytic cleavage of hTTR. In addition, we also probed some selected bacterial proteases, as well as some digestive apparatus and immune system proteases. hTTR was resistant to all proteases tested except to subtilisin from B. subtilis, which was able to cleave hTTR at pH 7.4, generating in high yields the amyloidogenic fragment hTTR(59-127). Since the hTTR(59-127) fragment was identified in amyloid deposits, these new insights might have relevant implications in hTTR-based amyloidosis.

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Teixeira, Bruno Costa. „Efeito de diferentes intensidades de exercício aeróbio prévio, sobre a curva lipêmica, inflamação e hemostasia de sujeitos submetidos à refeição hiperlipídica“. reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/142537.

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Introdução: O consumo habitual de refeições ricas em gordura tem se mostrado indutor de doenças cardiovasculares (DCV), afetando o equilíbrio entre os sistemas de coagulação e fibrinólise e também induzindo o aumento de marcadores inflamatórios. Por outro lado, o exercício físico tem sido indicado como intervenção por atenuar o incremento da inflamação e equilibrar os sistemas hemostáticos em indivíduos que consomem uma refeição hiperlipídica (RH). Objetivo: Verificar o efeito subagudo de duas sessões com intensidades diferentes de exercício aeróbio na curva lipêmica, inflamação, hemostasia em sujeitos jovens saudáveis submetidos à refeição hiperlipídica. Metodologia: Onze sujeitos eutróficos do sexo masculino, fisicamente ativos, com idade média de 23 ± 3 anos participaram do estudo que foi composto por três protocolos com dois dias consecutivos cada. No dia 1 os sujeitos realizavam um dos três protocolos que era realizado de forma randomizada, os protocolos eram divididos em: exercício de baixa intensidade (BI), exercício de moderada intensidade (MI) e repouso (Con). No dia dois 12h após a realização do exercício prévio os sujeitos consumiam uma RH (15% proteínas, 35% carboidratos e 50% lipídeos). Foram realizadas coletas de sangue para analise de triglicerídeos (TG), Colesterol total (CT), lipoproteínas de alta densidade (HDL), lipoproteínas de baixa densidade (HDL) e Glicose, no basal (BS) e a cada hora de 1 à 5h após a RH. As coletas sanguíneas para análise de Ativador de plasminogênio (tPA), Inibidor do ativador de plasminogênio do tipo 1 (PAI-1), Fator de necrose tumoral alfa (TNFα), Interleucina 6 (IL-6) e Interleucina 10 (IL-10) foram realizadas no momento basal, 1h, 3h e 5h após a RH. Resultados: Os protocolos BI e MI apresentaram menor área abaixo da curva (AUC) de TG em relação ao Con (P<0,05). Houve diferença significativa no PAI-1 em relação ao BI quando comparado ao MI e Con e de tPA do protocolo BI em relação ao Con no momento 1h pós refeição (P<0,05). No FVII, os protocolos MI e BI foram significativamente menores que o Con no momento 1h pós RH (p<0,05). Houve diferença significativa em TNFα entre os protocolos MI e Con no momento 1h pós RH (P<0,05) e foram encontradas diferenças em IL-10 nos protocolos MI e Con nos momentos 1h e entre os protocolos MI e BI nos momentos 1h, 3h e 5h pós RH (P<0,05). Houve diferença em IL-6 em todos os momentos de todos os protocolos em relação ao momento basal (BS). Conclusão: A RH aumenta o estado inflamatório e desregula o equilíbrio entre coagulação e fibrinólise, o protocolo BI e MI atenuam a curva de TG em relação ao Con, o protocolo MI melhorou o estado inflamatório diminuindo TNFα e incrementado IL-10 e o protocolo BI melhorou a relação entre coagulação e fibrinólise atenuando a diminuição de tPA e diminuindo o incremento de PAI-1 e ambos os protocolos MI e BI não incrementaram FVII 1h após RH.
Background: Regular consumption of high-fat meals has been considered to play a role in the development of cardiovascular diseases. The increase of postprandial lipemia after a high-fat meal consumption can imbalance the relationship between coagulation and fibrinolysis and, by consequence, enhance an inflammatory response. Conversely, exercise has been considered an important intervention, once it may attenuate inflammatory responses and counterbalance hemostatic systems during the postprandial period. Purpose: Verify the subacute effect of two exercise bouts performed at different intensities on postprandial lipemia, inflammation and hemostasis after the consumption of a high-fat meal. Methods: Eleven healthy and physically active male subjects with average age of 23 ± 3 years completed 2-day trials in three conditions: Control, low-intensity exercise (LI) and moderate-intensity exercise (MI). Subjects performed an exercise bout (LI or MI) or no exercise (Control) on the evening of day 1. On the morning of day 2, a high-fat meal was provided (15 % of protein, 35 % of carbohydrates and 50 % of lipids). Blood was sampled at fasting (0 h) and every hour from 1 to 5 h for triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and glucose. For plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), plasminogen activator (tPA), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-10 (IL- 10), blood was sampled at 0, 1, 3 and 5 h. Results: TG area under the curve (AUC) was lower in LI and MI than Control (P<0.05). For PAI-1, there was a difference from LI to MI and Control at 1 h (P<0.05). For tPA, there was a difference from LI to Control at 1 h (P<0.05). For FVII the protocols MI and BI there was difference from Con in at 1h. For TNFα, there was a difference from MI to Control at 1 h (P<0.05). IL-10 concentration was different from MI to Control at 1 h and from MI to LI at 1, 3 and 5 h (P<0.05). Fasting IL-6 concentrations were different between all conditions (P<0.05). Conclusion: The consumption of a high-fat meal increases the inflammatory process and deregulates the balance between coagulation and fibrinolysis. Exercise, independent of the intensity, can reduce TG AUC compared to Control. MI can reduce TNFα and increases IL-10, while LI regulates coagulation and fibrinolysis balance, which can be explained by the increase in tPA and increase in PAI-1.

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Boknäs, Niklas. „Studies on interfaces between primary and secondary hemostasis“. Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Avdelningen för mikrobiologi och molekylär medicin, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-132413.

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Our conceptual understanding of hemostasis is still heavily influenced by outdated experimental models wherein the hemostatic activity of platelets and coagulation factors are understood and studied in isolation. Although perhaps convenient for researchers and clinicians, this reductionist view is negated by an ever increasing body of evidence pointing towards an intimate relationship between the two phases of hemostasis, marked by strong interdependence. In this thesis, I have focused on factual and proposed interfaces between primary and secondary hemostasis, and on how these interfaces can be studied. In my first project, we zoomed in on the mechanisms behind the well-known phenomenon of thrombin-induced platelet activation, an important event linking secondary to primary hemostasis. In our study, we examined how thrombin makes use of certain domains for high-affinity binding to substrates, called exosite I and II, to activate platelets via PAR4. We show that thrombin-induced platelet activation via PAR4 is critically dependent on exosite II, and that blockage of exosite II with different substances virtually eliminates PAR4 activation. Apart from providing new insights into the mechanisms by which thrombin activates PAR4, these results expand our knowledge of the antithrombotic actions of various endogenous proteins such as members of the serpin superfamily, which inhibit interactions with exosite II. Additionally, we show that inhibition of exosite II could be a feasible pharmacological strategy for achieving selective blockade of PAR4. In my second project, we examined the controversial issue of whether platelets can initiate the coagulation cascade by means of contact activation, a hypothesis which, if true, could provide a direct link between primary and secondary hemostasis. In contrast to previous results, our findings falsify this hypothesis, and show that some of the erroneous conclusions drawn from earlier studies can be explained by inappropriate experimental models unsuitable for the study of plateletcoagulation interfaces. My third project comprised an assessment of the methodological difficulties encountered when trying to measure the ability of platelets to initiate secondary hemostasis by the release of microparticles expressing tissue factor. Our study shows that the functional assays available for this purpose are highly susceptible to error caused by artificial contact activation. These results could help to improve the methodology of future research and thus pave the way for new insights into the roles of tissue factor-bearing microparticles in the pathophysiology of various thrombotic disorders. From a personal perspective, my PhD project has been a fascinating scientific odyssey into the largely unexplored interfaces between primary and secondary hemostasis. Looking forward, my ambition is to continue our work exploring platelet-coagulation interactions and to translate these insights into clinically meaningful information, which may someday improve the treatment of patients with bleeding and/or thrombosis.

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Kurdi, Mohamad. „Study of the clearance of proteins of hemostasis“. Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077071.

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Le but de ce projet de thèse a été d'étudier la clairance de glycoprotéines jouant un rôle clé dans l'hémostase, le facteur X (FX) et le couple facteur Willebrand (FW)/facteur VIII (FVIII) qui circule dans le plasma sous forme de complexe non covalent. Dans la première partie de nos travaux, nous avons étudié l'implication des N-glycosylations du FX sur sa clairance. Il avait été préalablement établi par l'équipe que ces N-glycans influençaient la cinétique d'élimination du FX. Nous avons désormais établi qu'ils influencent également la biodistribution et les interactions cellulaires de la protéine. Ainsi, comparé au FX, un variant de FX N-déglycosylé interagit avec des types cellulaires différents au niveau du foie qui est l'organe principal de biodistribution de cette protéine. Le FX N-déglycosylé se lie et est dégradé par les hépatocytes. Quant au FX, il se lie aux cellules de Kupffer. Cette liaison du FX aux cellules de Kupffer semble d'ailleurs faire partie d'un mécanisme original protégeant le FX d'une clairance accélérée. Le FW et le FVIII sont des glycoprotéines dont les glycans sont fortement sialylés. Dans la deuxième partie de cette thèse, le rôle du récepteur Sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin 5 (Siglec-5) dans la clairance du complexe FVIII/FW a été étudié. Siglec-5 est un récepteur présent à la surface des macrophages, type cellulaire dominant dans la clairance du complexe FVIII/FW. Nous avons montré que le FVIII et le FW peuvent se lier au Siglec-5. De plus, une surexpression de Siglec-5 in vivo est associée à une diminution des taux endogènes de FW et de FVIII. Ces résultats suggèrent que Siglec-5 joue un rôle dans le catabolisme du complexe FVIII/FW
The main objective of this thesis was to study the clearance mechanisms of glycoproteins playing a key role in the hemostatic process, factor X (FX) and the factor VIII (FVIII)/von Willebrand factor (VWF) couple which circulates in plasma in a tight non-covalent complex. In the first part of our work, we have studied the involvement of FX N-glycosylations on its clearance. It had been previously established by the team that these N-glycans were important for the long half-life of FX. We have now extended these data by showing that N-glycosylations also influence organ biodistribution and cellular interactions of the protein. Indeed, as compared to FX, a N-deglycosylated FX variant interacts with different cell types in the liver which is the main target organ for FX biodistribution. N-deglycosylated FX binds to and is degraded by hepatocytes. Conversely, FX binds to Kupffer cells. The binding of FX to Kupffer cells appears to be part of an original mechanism protecting FX from an accelerated clearance. Both VWF and FVIII are glycoproteins whose glycans are capped with sialic acids. In the second part of this thesis, we have studied the role of a receptor, Sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin 5 (Siglec-5), in the clearance of the FVIII/VWF complex. Siglec-5 is expressed on the surface of macrophages, a cell type that is dominant in the clearance of this complex. Our results showed that FVIII and FW are ligands for Siglec-5. Furthermore, overexpression of Siglec-5 in vivo is associated with decreased endogenous levels of the two glycoproteins. These results suggest that Siglec-5 can play a role in the catabolism of the FVIII/FW complex

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Shoffstall, Andrew J. „The Use of Synthetic Platelets to Augment Hemostasis“. Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1363775111.

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Bücher zum Thema "Hemostasis"

F, Feldman Bernard, Hrsg. Hemostasis. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 1988.

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Bennett, Sterling T., Christopher M. Lehman und George M. Rodgers. Laboratory Hemostasis. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08924-9.

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Marcucci, Carlo Enrique, und Patrick Schoettker, Hrsg. Perioperative Hemostasis. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55004-1.

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Thompson, Catherine, und Robert C. Blaylock, Hrsg. Laboratory Hemostasis. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-36840-x.

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Norig, Ellison, und Jobes David R, Hrsg. Effective hemostasis in cardiac surgery. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co., 1988.

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Saba, Hussain I., und Harold R. Roberts, Hrsg. Hemostasis and Thrombosis. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118833391.

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Kini, R. Manjunatha, Kenneth J. Clemetson, Francis S. Markland, Mary Ann McLane und Takashi Morita, Hrsg. Toxins and Hemostasis. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9295-3.

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DeLoughery, Thomas G., Hrsg. Hemostasis and Thrombosis. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09312-3.

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Takada, A., und A. Z. Budzynski, Hrsg. Hemostasis and Circulation. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66925-8.

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Szumita, Richard P., und Paul M. Szumita, Hrsg. Hemostasis in Dentistry. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71240-6.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Hemostasis"

Sobanko, Joseph F. „Hemostasis“. In Safety in Office-Based Dermatologic Surgery, 63–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13347-8_8.

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Bloch, Michael H., Michael H. Bloch, Mark A. Geyer, David C. S. Roberts, Eileen M. Joyce, Jonathan P. Roiser, John H. Halpern et al. „Hemostasis“. In Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology, 578. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68706-1_802.

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Orbell, Sheina, Havah Schneider, Sabrina Esbitt, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Erica Shreck, Abigail Batchelder et al. „Hemostasis“. In Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 957. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_100792.

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Saliba, Zakhia, Ramy C. Charbel und Tarek Smayra. „Hemostasis“. In Atlas of Cardiac Catheterization for Congenital Heart Disease, 53–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72443-0_6.

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MacNeill, Amy L. „Hemostasis“. In Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Techniques for Veterinary Technicians, 75–94. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119421351.ch3.

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Saliba, Zakhia S., Sami G. Slaba und Elie B. Sawan. „Hemostasis“. In Cardiac Catheterization for Congenital Heart Disease, 181–91. Milano: Springer Milan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-5681-7_13.

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Raimondi, Anthony J. „Hemostasis“. In Pediatric Neurosurgery, 175–96. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4202-2_9.

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Sainburg, Robert L., Andrew L. Clark, George E. Billman, Zachary J. Schlader, Toby Mündel, Kevin Milne, Earl G. Noble et al. „Hemostasis“. In Encyclopedia of Exercise Medicine in Health and Disease, 405–8. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29807-6_47.

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Saliba, Zakhia, und Ramy C. Charbel. „Hemostasis“. In Cardiac Catheterization for Congenital Heart Disease, 211–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69856-0_15.

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Hoballah, Jamal J., und Rakan Nasser Eldine. „Hemostasis“. In Vascular Reconstructions, 139–52. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1089-3_5.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Hemostasis"

Crum, Lawrence. „Acoustic hemostasis“. In 15th international symposium on nonlinear acoustics: Nonlinear acoustics at the turn of the millennium. AIP, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1309175.

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Grabowski, F. E. „RHEOLOGY AND PRIMARY HEMOSTASIS“. In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643986.

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Overview The adhesion-aggregation of platelets to a site of vessel wall injury is a quintessential blood flow phenomenon. Firstly, platelets are driven to the vicinity of the vessel wall by a form of convective diffusion in which red cells both mechanically augment the effective platelet diffusivity (Turitto et al., Ind. Eng. Chem. Fund. 11:216-223, 1972; Grabowski et al., Ind. Eng. Chem. Fund. 11:224-232, 1972) and enhance the near-wall piatelet concentration (Ti11es and Eckstein, Microvasc Res., In press, 1987). Secondly, red cells subjected to physiologic shear forces are capable of secreting sufficient adenine nucleotides to induce primary platelet aggregation without themselves undergoing frank lysis (Reimers et al, Blood 64:1200-1206, 1984). This "humoral" effect of erythrocytes is likely to contribute to primary hemostasis in a shear stress-dependent manner. Thirdly, endothelial cells are able to modulate platelet aggregation at a site of vessel injury by producing prostacyclin (and perhaps other antithrombotic substances) in a manner which increases with vessel shear rate (Grabowski et al, Blood 62:301a, 1983); production for a large range of arterial shear rates appears to be limited by plasma-borne substrate (arachidonate). This manner of production ensures a concentration of prostacyclin in the near-wall region which remains relatively independent of shear rate.Imaging primary hemostasis. In our work, epi-fluorescence videomicroscopy has allowed real time imaging of platelet adhesion-aggregation to a simulated vessel wall injury. The injury model is an endothelial cell monolayer (ECM) across which, prior to ECM exposure to flowing blood, a 6-0 sterile suture is drawn in a direction transverse to flow. Microinjuries result which measure 70 ± 15μm (Mean ± SD) in width. The fluorescent label is the TAB murine monoclonal antibody (courtesy of Dr. R.P. McEver) directed against human platelet GPIIB, together with a fluorescein-conjugated goat F(ab')2 against murine inmunoglobulin. The injured ECM's, grown to confluence on rectangular cover glasses precoated with microfibrillar collagen, comprise one wall of a flow chamber mounted on a vertical microscope stage. On microinjury sites and at shear rates of 100 to 700 sec-1, computer-enhanced video images show adherence, remodelling and growth of chains of platelet aggregates. Aligned with the flow direction, these chains have a spacing of approximately 30)im, a length similar to the average endothelial cell diameter. One may speculate that such chains provide a scaffold for wound healing insofar as they are likely rich in agents chemotactic for leukocytes and in platelet-derived growth factor.Modulatory role of endothelium. When the ECM's are pre treated with 1.0 mM FC lysine acetyl sal icy late (LA), aggregate length increases (P<0.001) up totwo-fold, outflow levels by RIA of serum thromboxane B2 increase (8 of 8 paired runs), and outflow levels of prostacyclin by RIA for 6-Keto PGFiot decrease (5 of 7 paired runs). The Table gives data for one of four similar experiments at 270 sec-1 and following five minutes of flow. These data imply that products of ECM which are inhibitable by aspirin modulate local adhesion-aggregation; their inhibition, as by vasculitis or drugs, may give rise to thrombotic states.Bleeding disorders. Aggregate length is reduced in von Willebrand's disease (4 patients), Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (2 patients), and after 300 mg oral aspirin (Tablet 4 donors). The reduction in the first two, however, is greater (P<0.01) than that for oral aspirin. With oral aspirin, further, there is a paradoxic increase in the percent platelet coverage of the injury area. Summary. Rheology has profound effects on the rate, structure, and modulation of primary hemostasis. Many of these effects can be studied via real-time, epi-fluorescence videomicroscopy of platelet adhesion-aggregation to a site of injury to an endothelial cell monolayer exposed to flowing blood. The model described has application to the study of thrombotic and hemostatic disorders and unstable angina.

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Berdysh, D. S., S. G. Pavlenko und Evgeny Marchenko. „COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF KIDNEY WOUND HEMOSTASIS WHEN USING PECTINS IN AN EXPERIMENT“. In NOVEL TECHNOLOGIES IN MEDICINE, BIOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY AND ECOLOGY. Institute of information technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47501/978-5-6044060-2-1.142-145.

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The article presents data on the hemostatic properties of apple and citrus pectins on the model of an incised wound of the lower pole of the kidney (parenchymal bleeding). The time of com-plete hemostasis when using pectins is 10 seconds. The volume of blood loss does not exceed 0.3 mg per organ.

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Brittain, S. B., J. L. Hajjar und S. S. Nidadavolu. „In-vitro hemostasis test platform“. In 2011 37th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference (NEBEC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nebc.2011.5778553.

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Farag, A. M., S. F. Bottoms, E. F. Mammen, M. Hosni und A. Ali. „EFFECT OF ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES ON HEMOSTASIS“. In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644283.

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Retrospective statistical epidemiological studies have suggested a possible association between the ingestion of oral contraceptives (OC) and thromboembolic disease. Past analyses of the coagulation system have yielded controversial informationWe studied a cross section of 131 women taking different kinds of OC and 36 controls for changes in hemostasis. No significant differences were noted in the levels of fibrino- peptide A (RIA), platelet factor 4, 8 thromboglobulin (RIA), fibrinogen (Multistat III (MCA), clottable), antithrombin III (MCA, S-2238), α2 antiplasmin (MCA, S-2251), pre-kallikrein (MCA, S-2302) and fibronectin (MCA, immune turbi-dometric). However, plasminogen (MCA, S-2251) and protein C antigen (Laurell) levels were significantly elevated (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01), respectively)Canonical correlation analysis was used to examine correlations between hemostasis parameters measured and clinical risk factors, such as age, parity, weight, smoking, family history for thromboembolic diseases and estrogen-progesterone dose. There was a significantly negative correlation between family history for thromboembolisms and antithrombin III levels (p < 0.01). A positive correlation existed between obesity and fibrinogen and fibronectin levels (p < 0.001 for both). The hemostasis data seem to suggest that OC use does not introduce an imbalance in the hemostasis system which fosters "hypercoagulability", and that, if at all, possibly other risk factors determine the incidence of thromboembolisms in OC users. It is suggested that caution be exercised in the use of OCs in patients with a history of thromboembolic diseases and with obesity

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Zderic, Vesna. „Thin-Profile Transducers for Intraoperative Hemostasis“. In 4TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THERAPEUTIC ULTRASOUND. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1901650.

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Solovchuk, Maxim, und Wen-Hann Sheu. „Computational model for investigating acoustic hemostasis“. In The 2013 International Workshop on Computational Science and Engineering. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.202.0019.

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Gumenyuk, Sergey Evgenyevich, Denis Igorevich Ushmarov, Alexander Sergeevich Gumenyuk, Olga Yuryevna Shokel, Diana Rinatovna Isianova und Elizaveta Alexandrovna Shevchenko. „PROSPECTS OF THE USE OF CHITOSAN-BASED WOUND DRESSING FOR THE TREATMENT OF LIVER WOUNDS“. In Themed collection of papers from II Foreign International Scientific Conference «Science in the Era of Challenges and Global Changes» by HNRI «National development» in cooperation with AFP (Puerto Cabezas, Nicaragua). December 2023. – San Cristóbal (Venezuela). Crossref, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/231221.2023.25.49.009.

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The research of hemostatic and wound healing ability of two types of chitosan-based wound dressing under conditions of liver injury has been carried out in vivo. Acceleration of the time of final hemostasis, reduction of blood loss volume and probability of posthemorrhagic complications, as well as improvement of repair of damaged areas of liver parenchyma with biodegradation of the coating itself within a given period of time have been experimentally proved.

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Sapkota, A. „Metabolome Analysis for New Possible Hemostasis Biomarkers“. In 63rd Annual Meeting of the Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Research. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1680273.

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Saleh, A. A., A. M. Farag, S. F. Bottoms, E. F. Mammen, M. Hosni und A. Ali. „SELECTED HEMOSTASIS PARAMETERS IN PREGNANCY AND HYPERTENSION“. In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644284.

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Patients with preeclampsia are believed to have a state of compensated DIC, and especially the differential diagnosis between preeclampsia and chronic hypertension with pregnancy can be difficult. Selected hemostasis parameters were analyzed in 50 women with preeclampsia (P), 50 matched normal pregnant women (N), 14 women with known hypertensionand pregnancy (CH) and 13 persons with known chronic hypertension and superimposed preeclampsia (CH + P). None of the patients had clinical evidence of DIC. Platelet counts, mean platelet volume, antithrombin III, α2 antiplasmin and fibrinogen activities and fibronectin were assayed. The following data wereThese data, together with higherlevels of fibrinopeptide A, platelet factor 4, 3 thromboglobulin and D-dimer in the P group suggests increased intravascular coagulation in preeclampsia. Fibronectin levels were markedly elevated only in the patient groups with preeclampsia. Discriminant function analysis of FN values between the groups revealed a78% diagnostic accuracy for Palone and 74% accuracy for CH + P

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Hemostasis"

Andrew, Marilee, und Lawrence Crum. An Acoustic Hemostasis Device for Advanced Trauma Care. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Oktober 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada398720.

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Crum, Lawrence, Marilee Andrew, Shahram Vaezy, Peter Kaczkowski und Steven Kargl. An Acoustic Hemostasis Device for Acute Arterial Bleeding. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada422316.

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Carlson, Mark A., William H. Velander, Gustavo Larsen, Luis Nunez und Wilson H. Burgess. Technologies for Hemostasis and Stabilization of the Acute Traumatic Wound. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Oktober 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada602118.

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Zhigulina, K. V., und S. S. Spitsina. ASSESSMENT OF THE MAIN INDICATORS OF THE HEMOSTASIS SYSTEM IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS. DOI CODE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/wco-iof-esceo-2021-392.

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Moore, II, und Bob M. Development of Hemostatic Agents. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada454187.

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Moore II, Bob M. Development of Hemostatic Agents. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Januar 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada476090.

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Lewis, Terry W. Hemostatic Activity of Chitosan in Wound Management. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, März 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada211370.

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Snow, Carl, Cheryl Olson und Ted Melcer. The Navy Medical Technology Watch: Hemostatic Dressing Products for the Battlefield. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada477227.

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Bode, Arthur P. Evaluation of Dried Storage of Platelets for Transfusion: Physiologic Integrity and Hemostatic Functionality. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Juni 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada280665.

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