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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Helianthus – Résistance au stress“

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Veröffentlicht am 25. Mai 2024

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1

Nikolova, Liudmila, Pepa Shindrova und Valentina Entcheva. „RESISTANCE TO DISEASES, OBTAINED THROUGH INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION / RESISTENCIA A LAS ENFERMEDADES OBTENIDA POR LA HIBRIDIZACION INTERSPECIES / RÉSISTANCE À LA MALADIE OBTENUE PAR HYBRIDATION INTERSPECIES“. helia 23, Nr. 33 (Dezember 2000): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/helia.2000.23.33.57.

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SUMMARY Two accessions of the wild species Helianthus annuus L., GT-E-112 and GT-E-126, carried genes for resistance to Plasmopara helianthi Novot., Phomopsis helianthi Munt.-Cvet. et al. and Orobanche cumana Wallr. The material produced by interspecific hybridization with susceptible cultivated sunflower showed resistance to the three pathogens. Some progenies were resistant to two pathogens simultaneously. Self pollination helped to increase the percentage of resistance up to 100%. Accessions GT-E-112 and GT-E-126 of the wild species Helianthus annuus could be successfully used as donors for resistance to Plasmopara helianthi, Phomopsis helianthi and Orobanche cumana.

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Kalyar, Tanveer, Saeed Rauf, Jaime A. Teixeira Da Silva und Muhammad Shahzad. „Handling sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.) populations under heat stress“. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 60, Nr. 5 (14.06.2013): 655–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2013.799276.

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3

Hussain, Muhammad Mubashar, Maria Kausar, Saeed Rauf, M. Farukh Zafar Khan, Jakub Paderweski, Maria Khan, Ikram ul Haq und Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza. „Selection for Some Functional Markers for Adaptability of Helianthus argophyllus × Helianthus annuus Derived Population under Abiotic Stress Conditions“. Helia 41, Nr. 68 (26.07.2018): 83–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/helia-2017-0018.

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AbstractAbiotic stresses including drought are major crop production constraints. However, specific functional phenotypic markers induce resistance against these stresses. Therefore, a study was initiated to study the variability, inheritance and selection of epicuticular waxes (EW) and leaf hairiness (LH) along with low cell membrane injuries (CMI) within F2 populations derived by crossing H. annuus×H. argophyllus lines. These traits have been shown to be associated with drought tolerance of Helianthus argophyllus and thus study aims to introgress these traits in Helinathus annuus. The studied parent populations showed contrasting values of the traits. The drought susceptible line CMS-14 and CMS-20 showed lower epicuticular waxes (0.79, 0.69 mg g−1), leaf hairiness (0.75, 1.53) and higher cell membrane injury (40.90, 55.76 %) respectively while drought resistant line Argo 1802 and 1806 showed higher epicuticular waxes (2.28, 3.18), leaf hairiness (3.71, 3.80) and lower cell membrane injury (14.22, 21.54 %) respectively. The F1 hybrids had mean values of the three studied parameters i. e. epicuticular waxes (1.50 mg g−1), cell membrance injury (32.54 %) and leaf hairiness (2.74) in the range of parent lines, but some of F2 individuals extend beyond this range (Parents and F1s). The two-step selections maintained high variability especially of LH for set of F2 individuals (H. annuus CMS-20×H. argophyllus 1806). Simultaneous selection of F2 individuals with high values of LH or EW with low CMI was possible. The selected plants were further studied for narrow leaf, high fertility and silver canopy color. Selected material was promoted as the candidate of inbred line. Plant (F4) having introgressed traits (silver canopy) showed lower yield (19 %) than green leafed plants (53 %) and commercial hybrids under drought stress (63 % and 53 %). The study could help to increase the abiotic stress tolerance, minimize the yield losses under drought stress and increase functional diversity within sunflower.

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Le Page-Degivry, M. Th, und G. Garello. „Onset of water stress tolerance in developing Helianthus annuus embryos“. Seed Science Research 1, Nr. 4 (Dezember 1991): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258500000933.

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AbstractExcised Helianthus annuus embryos were capable of precocious germination as early as 7 d after pollination. At this stage they were not capable of withstanding desiccation treatment. The desiccation tolerance was acquired at a stage of development which depended on the rate of water loss to which embryos were subjected. Coincident with the acquisition of tolerance to a rapid desiccation, they gained the capacity to withstand 24 h preincubation in agitated water; this acquisition could be correlated to a sharp decrease of the leaching of electrolytes, amino acids and proteins in the incubation water, suggesting that a change in membrane properties played a key role in this transition. Moreover, the acquisition of tolerance to these stresses was coincident with the increase of endogenous abscisic acid (ABA). ABA applied in vitro to young embryos induced tolerance both to desiccation and to preincubation in water: this in vitro acquisition of tolerance was again correlated with a decrease in the leakage.

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Benavides, M. P., G. Aizencang und M. L. Tomaro. „Polyamines in Helianthus annuus L. during Germination under Salt Stress“. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation 16, Nr. 4 (Dezember 1997): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00006997.

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Brouillette, Larry C., Maheteme Gebremedhin, David M. Rosenthal und Lisa A. Donovan. „TESTING HYPOTHESIZED EVOLUTIONARY SHIFTS TOWARD STRESS TOLERANCE IN HYBRID HELIANTHUS SPECIES“. Western North American Naturalist 66, Nr. 4 (Oktober 2006): 409–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3398/1527-0904(2006)66[409:thests]2.0.co;2.

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7

Pena, Liliana B., Laura A. Pasquini, María L. Tomaro und Susana M. Gallego. „Proteolytic system in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) leaves under cadmium stress“. Plant Science 171, Nr. 4 (Oktober 2006): 531–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2006.06.003.

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8

Peacock, K. „Effect of Mechanical Stress on Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Hypocotyl Growth“. Annals of Botany 74, Nr. 6 (Dezember 1994): 661–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anbo.1994.1168.

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9

Tyagi, Vikrant, Satwinder Kaur Dhillon, Gurpreet Kaur und Prashant Kaushik. „Heterotic Effect of Different Cytoplasmic Combinations in Sunflower Hybrids Cultivated Under Diverse Irrigation Regimes“. Plants 9, Nr. 4 (07.04.2020): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9040465.

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The sunflower hybrids hold a narrow cytoplasmic diversity. Besides, the heterotic effect of wild cytoplasmic combinations of sunflower on important traits under water stress has not been explored in detail. Here, we evaluated the different sunflower cytoplasmic combinations in sunflower hybrids using cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) sources as female parents. We used a total of sixteen sunflower genotypes representing twelve CMS lines from wild and conventional sources along with four restorer lines. Twelve CMS lines were crossed with four restorer lines to develop a total of 48 F1 hybrid combinations. The hybrids were evaluated under two different environments (i.e., regular irrigation and water stress) for morphophysiological, yield, and biochemical traits over two years. Heterotic effect for various CMS sources was evaluated on all of the three possible scales, namely, better-parent heterosis (BPH), mid-parent heterosis (MPH), and heterosis as percent of check (PSH-996). For better-parent and mid-parent heterosis, the CMS sources Helianthus annuus, Helianthus argophyllus, and Helianthus debilis demonstrated positive better-parent heterosis for seed yield, oil content, and oleic acid irrespective of the environment. However, the hybrid combinations of different sources when using the genotype RCR8297 as the restorer parent recorded maximum average returns. Furthermore, chlorophyll meter (SPAD) reading positively correlated with days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, and number of leaves per plant in both the environments. Overall, this study identified and compared the heterotic effect of the different cytoplasmic combinations in sunflower under water stress as well as under normal irrigation environments.

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Vassilevska-Ivanova, Roumiana, Lydia Shtereva, Boris Kraptchev und Tanya Karceva. „Response of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L) genotypes to PEG-mediated water stress“. Open Life Sciences 9, Nr. 12 (01.12.2014): 1206–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11535-014-0355-5.

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AbstractDrought tolerance of two sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genotypes, cultivated cultivar 1114 and interspecific line H. annuus × H. mollis, was studied under laboratory conditions using PEG-6000. Four levels of osmotic stress (−0.4, −0.6, −0.8 and −1.0 MPa) were created and performances were monitored against a control. Physiological and biochemical stress determining parameters such as malondialdechyde (MDA), proline content, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were compared between seedlings of both genotypes. The results indicated that both genotypes have similar responses at four osmotic potentials for all traits studied. All seedling growth parameters such as germination percentage, root length, shoot length, root and shoot dry weight decreased with increasing osmotic stress. MDA, proline, and H2O2 were found to be increased at different osmotic gradients in comparison to control. Cultivar 1114 was less affected than the interspecific line under these stress conditions. The data observed in the experiments revealed that perennial wild H. mollis can hardly be considered to be an excellent candidate of drought tolerance genes.

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Bowsher, A. W., K. C. Shelby, I. Ahmed, E. Krall, D. J. Reagan, M. N. Najdowski und L. A. Donovan. „Genotype Rankings for Nutrient Stress Resistance are Unrelated to Stress Severity in Cultivated Sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.)“. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 203, Nr. 3 (17.10.2016): 241–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jac.12189.

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Turhan, H., und I. Baser. „In vitro and in vivo water stress in sunflower, Helianthus annuus L“. Helia 27, Nr. 40 (2004): 227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hel0440227t.

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Gutierrez, Agustina, Miguel Cantamutto und Monica Poverene. „Cold Stress Tolerance during Early Growth Stages of Naturalized Helianthus petiolaris Populations“. Helia 39, Nr. 64 (01.07.2016): 21–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/helia-2016-0007.

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AbstractIn the last 10 years the sunflower crop area of Argentina has shifted towards the Southwest as a result of the expansion of soybean cultivation. Early sowings require greater tolerance to low temperatures in order to optimize the use of water resources by the crop, especially in the seedling stage, when cold stress limits growth and productivity. Helianthus petiolaris is a wild genetic resource that has contributed to the production of sunflower cultivars. The goal of this study was to evaluate the tolerance to low temperatures in H. petiolaris plants. Morphological traits (plant height, leaf width and leaf length) and physiological traits (electrolyte leakage, chlorophyll content, and glucose content) were compared in eight accessions having an early germination in the field and one with normal life cycle. Acclimated and non-acclimated plants were subjected to cold stress followed by a recovery period. Physiological traits during early growth stages showed differences in cold tolerance and for acclimation ability between accessions, suggesting the existence of heritable components. Four accessions were the most cold-tolerant among the studied populations, suggesting a natural adaptation related to the geographical site. Results point out that H. petiolaris is a useful genetic resource to contribute to sunflower breeding in the search of cold tolerant cultivars.

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Fulda, S., S. Mikkat, H. Stegmann und R. Horn. „Physiology and proteomics of drought stress acclimation in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)“. Plant Biology 13, Nr. 4 (05.02.2011): 632–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.2010.00426.x.

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15

Wu, Haoying, Xiyuan Wang, Haifeng Gao, Jiao Chen und Tingting Zhang. „Alleviating Cd Stress in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) through the Sodium Silicate Application“. Sustainability 16, Nr. 5 (29.02.2024): 2037. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16052037.

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Sunflower has substantial potential for the remediation of heavy metals in soil, but its efficiency in Cd-contaminated soil is limited, with high concentrations of Cd causing stress in plants. Exogenous Si enhances plant tolerance to heavy metals, but the mechanism for enhancing the tolerance of oil sunflower under Cd stress is not known. In potting experiments, sunflowers were grown in soil with a Cd concentration of 11.8 mg/kg soil (the maximum value in the Zhundong coal mining area of Xinjiang) and five Si treatment levels (0, 50, 250, 500, and 1500 mg/kg soil). Exogenous Si improved sunflower development, gas exchange characteristics, and antioxidant enzyme activities in sunflower compared with the Cd-only control; exogenous Si application increased Cd concentrations in sunflower roots, stems, and leaves, and Cd was mainly concentrated in sunflower roots. Sunflower biomass increased by 13.83–114.18%, and gas exchange parameters increased by 16.95–36.03%, 30.06–66.82%, and 9.77–14.71%, respectively, as compared to the control. With the increase in sodium silicate concentrations, sunflower antioxidant enzyme activities increased by 8.81–150.28%, 91.35–351.55%, and 35.11–54.69%, respectively, and MDA content decreased by 3.34–25.14% as compared to Si0. Moreover, exogenous Si increased Cd uptake and minimized Cd stress in sunflowers at the seedling and blooming stages, and it potentially facilitated the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soils through enriched plants such as sunflower, as well as contributing to the achievement of sustainable development of the soil environment.

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TIENEBO, Eric-Olivier, Kouabenan ABO, Kouakou Théodore KOUADIO und Benson Josué Arnold N’GAH. „Interaction entre Rhizophagus irregularis DAOM 197198, exsudats racinaires antifongiques du type hévéine et stress hydrique chez le clone d’hévéa IRCA 331 greffé au clone GT1“. Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences 42.1 (31.12.2019): 7107–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/janmplsci.v42-1.3.

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1 RESUME Cette étude avait pour objectifs d’évaluer sous serre l’effet des exsudats racinaires de type hévéine sur la mycorhization de l’hévéa et la résistance induite par Rhizophagus irregularis DAOM 197198 contre le stress hydrique chez le clone d’hévéa IRCA 331 greffé sur le GT1. Dans un dispositif en blocs de Fisher, la colonisation de plants de la variété de tomate UC82B et d’hévéa cultivés dans un même pot ou individuellement a été valuée 15 jours post incoculation, date à laquelle tous les plants de tomate ont été rétirées avant le test de stress hydrique. Vingt-huit jours après inoculation, les mêmes plants d’hévéa ont ensuite été soumis à 3 niveaux de stress hydrique conférés par une capacité de rétention d’eau du pot maintenue à 5%, 50% ou 100% durant 14 jours. Il en est résulté que le clone d’hévéa a une très bonne intensité de mycorhization (> 70%) et une bonne abondance arbusculaire (> 40 %). Ces résultats suggèrent que R. irregularis DAOM 197198 possèderait un mécanisme de résistance aux exsudats antifongiques du type hévéine. Par ailleurs, la comparaison des indices de réflectance photochimique sous stress des plants non mycorhizés et ceux mycorhizés démontrent clairement que la mycorhization améliore significativement la résistance des plants au stress hydrique. La mycorhization pourrait donc substantiellement engendrer des économies de coûts d’irrigation et de fertilisation en pépinière. Toutefois, ces résultats doivent être confirmés par des tests au champ. ABSTRACT The study objectives were to investigate the effect of hevein-like root exudates on rubber tree mycorrhization and inoculation effect of Rhizophagus irregularis DAOM 197198 on water stress tolerance of the rubber tree clone IRCA 331 grafted on GT1 rootstock. The colonization rate of tomato UC82B and rubber plants grown in same or individual pot was evaluated in a randomized complete blocks design set up in a glasshouse, 14 days post inoculation. After colonization assessment, all tomato plants were removed before water stress test begin. Twenty-eight days after inoculation, the rubber plants were subjected to 3 levels of water stress conferred by a pot water holding capacity maintained at 5%, 50% or 100%. We found that the clone has a very good mycorrhization intensity (> to 70%) and a good arbuscular abundance (> to 40%). These results suggest that R. irregularis DAOM 197198 has a mechanism of resistance to hevein-like antifungal root exudates. In addition, the comparison of the photochemical reflectance indexes under stress of non-mycorrhized and mycorrhized plants clearly shows that mycorrhization significantly improves the resistance of the plants to water stress. Mycorrhization could therefore substantially reduce irrigation and fertilization costs. However, these results must be confirmed by field tests.

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Waqas Malik, Muhammad, Solaima Akhter Tamimi, Muhammad Shoaib, Zainab Sajid, Musarrat Saeed, Muhammad Sanwal, Waseem Ahmad, Shurmeen Qammar, Ghayor Abbas und Muhammad Shoaib Shoukat. „Trehalose Induced regulations in Physio-biochemical attributes of Helianthus annus under Lead stress“. Plant Bulletin 2, Nr. 2 (30.12.2023): 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.55627/pbulletin.002.02.0531.

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Heavy metal is a substantially severe abiotic environmental stress that is rising in many regions of the world. Current climate change circumstances and rapid industrialization increased heavy metal accumulation in soil and water. Overall, worldwide agricultural production decreased. Trehalose, a well-known plant growth regulator, is crucial in plants' responses to a variety of abiotic conditions. The Morpho-physiological and biochemical parameters were analyzed in hydroponic research to identify the possible role of trehalose in alleviating heavy metal lead acetate stress in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) crops. In the sole and mixed form, two Pb(C2H3O2)2 (Control and 30 micron) and one trehalose (50 M L-1) levels were used, and a half-strength Hoagland solution was used as a nutritional medium. The current study found that heavy metal stress had a significant negative impact on plant growth (root and shoot length), fresh and dry biomass, and plant water relations, as well as poor plant water relations, membrane stability, chlorophyll content, and antioxidant enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxide (POD), ascorbate peroxide (APX), and catalase (CAT). MDA and H2O2 are the stress markers reduced by the application of trehalose. Exogenous treatment of trehalose, on the other hand, significantly mitigates the detrimental effects of metal toxicity by altering plant physiology, enhancing water relations, and providing robust antioxidant defense against heavy metal lead acetate stress. The findings of this study provide a new dimension to scientists' understanding of the beneficial usage of trehalose in plant science and offer up new research opportunities.

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Haas, Christiane, Jost Weber, Jutta Ludwig-Müller, Sandra Deponte, Thomas Bley und Milen Georgiev. „Flow Cytometry and Phytochemical Analysis of a Sunflower Cell Suspension Culture in a 5-L Bioreactor“. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 63, Nr. 9-10 (01.10.2008): 699–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2008-9-1015.

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A cell suspension culture of sunflower (Helianthus annuus), a producer of immunologically active polysaccharides, was cultivated in a 5-L stirred tank bioreactor, operated in batch mode. After some changes in the internal bioreactor design a stable growth of Helianthus cells was achieved and the accumulated biomass reached 15.2 g/L (only ~5% lower compared to the accumulated biomass in shake-flasks). Flow cytometry used for measuring the cell cycle parameters of suspended Helianthus cells did not reveal significant differences between shake-flasks and bioreactor cultivation modes. For both cultivation methods significant enhancement of the percentage of S-phase cells was observed at the beginning of the cultivation process. Concerning the metabolite production the maximum in exopolysaccharides was reached at day 9 of the cultivation period (1.9 g/L), while the highest amounts of α-tocopherol were accumulated at the beginning of the cultivation process (day 2 of the cultivation). These finding were related to the respective stress levels caused by the inoculation procedure. The kinetic parameters of growth and polysaccharide production as well as the time course of carbon source utilization were monitored and discussed.

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Aparna V., Lakshmi Prayaga, Meena, H. P., Sarada, C. und Arti Guhe. „Biochemical Studies on Evaluation of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Genotypes for Heat Stress“. International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, Nr. 12 (19.12.2023): 326–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i123688.

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Crops are facing heat stress because of rapid climate change caused by global warming. We examined these issues in sunflower by exposing the plants growing with mean maximum temperature of 32.2oC (sowing to flowering) and 36.1oC (flowering to harvest) at normal temperature (S1) and 35.3oC (sowing to flowering) and 38.3 oC (flowering to harvest) at high temperatures (S2) by staggered sowings. Antioxidative responses of sunflower were also explored by studying the Superoxide dismutase, Catalase, Peroxidises and Ascorbate peroxidise activities. A significant increase was observed in antioxidant enzyme activities under high temperature stress. The final oil composition proved to be sensitive to the timing of heat stress and reduced (13%) by high temperatures. Some innovative steps should be taken on an emergency basis to prepare plants for such stressful conditions.

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El-tayeb, M. A., A. E. El-Enany und N. l. Ahmed. „Salicylic Acid-induced Adaptive Response to Copper Stress in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)“. International Journal of Botany 2, Nr. 4 (15.09.2006): 372–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijb.2006.372.379.

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Lu, Huiying, Ziqi Wang, Chenyang Xu, Luhao Li und Chunwu Yang. „Multiomics analysis provides insights into alkali stress tolerance of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)“. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 166 (September 2021): 66–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.05.032.

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Dalai, Debashree, Suchinnata Swapnasarita Sardar und Chinmay Pradhan. „NaCl Induced Oxidative Stress on Two Different Cultivars of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)“. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 8, Nr. 08 (10.08.2019): 2607–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.808.303.

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Wang, Yushuang, Renjie Yang, Lu Ding, Xiaodong Xie und Haixue Liu. „FTIR and Proteome Analysis of Sunflower Seedling (Helianthus annuus L.) under Lead Stress“. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 199 (19.12.2018): 032064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/199/3/032064.

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McIntosh, S., D. Andrews, Jonathan Moorby, R. G. Thompson und D. S. Fensom. „Changes in metabolism induced in Helianthus leaves by sudden hypoxia or chilling stress“. Canadian Journal of Botany 68, Nr. 2 (01.02.1990): 266–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b90-036.

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Exposure of a sunflower leaf to hypoxia or chilling stress interrupts translocation from the leaf and also alters the distribution of 14C-assimilates into sugars and amino acids. As translocation from the leaf recovers, there are changes in the distribution of label in the sugars and amino acids that coincide with this recovery. These observations lend support to the idea that certain concentrations of sugars and amino acids are necessary to support translocation out of the leaf.

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Saidi, Issam, Yacine Chtourou und Wahbi Djebali. „Selenium alleviates cadmium toxicity by preventing oxidative stress in sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seedlings“. Journal of Plant Physiology 171, Nr. 5 (März 2014): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2013.09.024.

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El-Tayeb, M. A., A. E. El-Enany und N. L. Ahmed. „Salicylic acid-induced adaptive response to copper stress in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)“. Plant Growth Regulation 50, Nr. 2-3 (10.11.2006): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10725-006-9118-2.

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Conde, J. R., J. L. Tenorio, B. Rodríguez-maribona und L. Ayerbet. „Tuber yield of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus Tuberosus L.) in relation to water stress“. Biomass and Bioenergy 1, Nr. 3 (1991): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0961-9534(91)90022-5.

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Zhang, Aiqin, Wei Zang, Xiyang Zhang, Yangyang Ma, Xiufeng Yan und Qiuying Pang. „Global proteomic mapping of alkali stress regulated molecular networks in Helianthus tuberosus L.“ Plant and Soil 409, Nr. 1-2 (20.06.2016): 175–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-016-2945-7.

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Khan, Maria, Saeed Rauf, Hassan Munir, Maria Kausar, Muhammad Mubashar Hussain und Ejaz Ashraf. „Evaluation of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) single cross hybrids under heat stress condition“. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 63, Nr. 4 (25.08.2016): 525–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2016.1224335.

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Barnhart, Max H., Rishi R. Masalia, Liana J. Mosley und John M. Burke. „Phenotypic and transcriptomic responses of cultivated sunflower seedlings (Helianthus annuus L.) to four abiotic stresses“. PLOS ONE 17, Nr. 9 (30.09.2022): e0275462. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275462.

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Plants encounter and respond to numerous abiotic stresses during their lifetimes. These stresses are often related and could therefore elicit related responses. There are, however, relatively few detailed comparisons between multiple different stresses at the molecular level. Here, we investigated the phenotypic and transcriptomic response of cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seedlings to three water-related stresses (i.e., dry-down, an osmotic challenge, and salt stress), as well as a generalized low-nutrient stress. All four stresses negatively impacted seedling growth, with the nutrient stress having a more divergent response from control as compared to the water-related stresses. Phenotypic responses were consistent with expectations for growth in low-resource environments, including increased (i.e., less negative) carbon fractionation values and leaf C:N ratios, as well as increased belowground biomass allocation. The number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under stress was greater in leaf tissue, but roots exhibited a higher proportion of DEGs unique to individual stresses. Overall, the three water-related stresses had a more similar transcriptomic response to each other vs. nutrient stress, though this pattern was more pronounced in root vs. leaf tissue. In contrast to our DEG analyses, co-expression network analysis revealed that there was little indication of a shared response between the four stresses in despite the majority of DEGs being shared between multiple stresses. Importantly, osmotic stress, which is often used to simulate drought stress in experimental settings, had little transcriptomic resemblance to true water limitation (i.e., dry-down) in our study, calling into question its utility as a means for simulating drought.

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Agüera, Eloísa, und Purificación de la Haba. „Climate Change Impacts on Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) Plants“. Plants 10, Nr. 12 (01.12.2021): 2646. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10122646.

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The biochemical, biological, and morphogenetic processes of plants are affected by ongoing climate change, causing alterations in crop development, growth, and productivity. Climate change is currently producing ecosystem modifications, making it essential to study plants with an improved adaptive capacity in the face of environmental modifications. This work examines the physiological and metabolic changes taking place during the development of sunflower plants due to environmental modifications resulting from climate change: elevated concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and increased temperatures. Variations in growth, and carbon and nitrogen metabolism, as well as their effect on the plant’s oxidative state in sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) plants, are studied. An understanding of the effect of these interacting factors (elevated CO2 and elevated temperatures) on plant development and stress response is imperative to understand the impact of climate change on plant productivity.

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Yan, Kun, Tiantian Bian, Wenjun He, Guangxuan Han, Mengxue Lv, Mingzhu Guo und Ming Lu. „Root Abscisic Acid Contributes to Defending Photoinibition in Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) under Salt Stress“. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, Nr. 12 (07.12.2018): 3934. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19123934.

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The aim of the study was to examine the role of root abscisic acid (ABA) in protecting photosystems and photosynthesis in Jerusalem artichoke against salt stress. Potted plants were pretreated by a specific ABA synthesis inhibitor sodium tungstate and then subjected to salt stress (150 mM NaCl). Tungstate did not directly affect root ABA content and photosynthetic parameters, whereas it inhibited root ABA accumulation and induced a greater decrease in photosynthetic rate under salt stress. The maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) significantly declined in tungstate-pretreated plants under salt stress, suggesting photosystem II (PSII) photoinhibition appeared. PSII photoinhibition did not prevent PSI photoinhibition by restricting electron donation, as the maximal photochemical efficiency of PSI (ΔMR/MR0) was lowered. In line with photoinhibition, elevated H2O2 concentration and lipid peroxidation corroborated salt-induced oxidative stress in tungstate-pretreated plants. Less decrease in ΔMR/MR0 and Fv/Fm indicated that PSII and PSI in non-pretreated plants could maintain better performance than tungstate-pretreated plants under salt stress. Consistently, greater reduction in PSII and PSI reaction center protein abundance confirmed the elevated vulnerability of photosystems to salt stress in tungstate-pretreated plants. Overall, the root ABA signal participated in defending the photosystem’s photoinhibition and protecting photosynthesis in Jerusalem artichoke under salt stress.

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BEINSAN, Carmen, Renata SUMALAN, Giancarla VELICEVICI, Adriana CIULCA und Radu SUMALAN. „Seed Germination and Physiological Response of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Cultivars under Saline Conditions“. Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Horticulture 75, Nr. 1 (19.05.2018): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasmvcn-hort:003817.

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The purpose of the experiment was to highlight the germination of sunflower seeds affected by the presence of saline stress and the identification of tolerant genotypes. The biological material was represented by sunflower cvs. (Helianthus annuus L.): Coril, Select, Santiago and Fundulea-206. To simulate the saline conditions, germination solutions of sodium chloride (NaCl) were used with concentrations corresponding to the osmotic pressures -6 and -10 atm and the control seed hydration was performed with distilled water. Determination of seed germination, growth of seedling, percentage of plumules dry matter, chlorophyll content and free proline were performed. The experimental data obtained suppose the existence in the assimilation apparatus of sunflowers seedling subjected to stress a competitive chlorophyll/free proline biosynthesis processes. The experimental results regarding the effect of salinity on seed germination and seedling growth revealed important differences between genotypes. The radicle growth in the germination process were strongly affected by saline excess, with significant differences between cultivars. Saline stress results in significant reductions in the amount of chlorophyll, and high levels of free proline. It can be observed that with the increase of the stress level the percentage of the dry matter increases, indicating an accentuated water deficit.

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RIGALMA, K., C. DUVAUX-PONTER, F. GALLOUIN und S. ROUSSEL. „Les courants électriques parasites en élevage“. INRAE Productions Animales 22, Nr. 4 (20.06.2009): 291–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2009.22.4.3355.

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L’élevage des animaux de rente implique une utilisation croissante d’équipements électriques et électroniques ainsi que le recours à du matériel et à des structures métalliques qui sont autant de facteurs favorisant l’apparition des courants électriques parasites. Les tensions à l’origine de ces courants, généralement inférieures à 10 volts, sont dues principalement à un défaut de mise à la terre et à une mauvaise équipotentialité des masses métalliques. Les animaux, en raison d’une faible résistance électrique, sont sensibles à ces faibles tensions électriques. Le contact direct du nez (mufle, groin) et des pattes avec le milieu humide diminue leur résistance au courant électrique alors que, chez l’homme, le port d’équipements de protection comme les bottes en caoutchouc augmente cette résistance. En élevage, les tensions électriques parasites sont parfois mises en cause lorsque des modifications comportementales, une dégradation de l’état sanitaire ou des baisses de production sont observées chez les animaux. Cependant, les expérimentations menées en milieu contrôlé montrent rarement un effet direct des tensions électriques parasites sur les paramètres zootechniques bien que des modifications comportementales et physiologiques, probablement liées à la présence d’un stress, soient parfois mises en évidence. La grande variabilité de réponse des animaux et le caractère imprévisible des tensions électriques parasites expliquent les difficultés à les diagnostiquer et à caractériser leurs effets sur les animaux en élevage.

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Semiane, N., S. Ameddah, A. Mallek und Y. Dahmani. „L’induction d’une insulino-résistance et d’un stress oxydatif pancréatique chez la gerbille (Gerbillus gerbillus) soumise à un stress nutritionnel“. Annales d'Endocrinologie 77, Nr. 4 (September 2016): 530–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ando.2016.07.855.

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Razzaq, Humera, M. Hammad Nadeem Tahir, Hafeez Ahmad Sadaqat und Bushra Sadia. „Screening of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) accessions under drought stress conditions, an experimental assay“. Journal of soil science and plant nutrition 17, Nr. 3 (September 2017): 662–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718-95162017000300009.

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Li, Wenjun. „Protective Effect of Cerium against Salinity-Induced Oxidative Stress in Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus)“. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 19, Nr. 05 (01.10.2017): 1201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.0422.

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shaiah, She, I. Shankergoud, R. Siddhesh, Nad karni und Vikas V. Kulakarni. „Screening of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L) Genotypes for Moisture Stress Tolerance using PEG-6000“. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 6, Nr. 5 (10.05.2017): 848–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.605.095.

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Usatov, A. V., E. V. Mashkina und E. P. Gus’kov. „The effect of oxidative stress on nitrosomethylurea-induced mutagenesis in sunflower Helianthus annuus L.“ Russian Journal of Genetics 41, Nr. 1 (Januar 2005): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00022110.

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Suchinnata Swapnasarita Sardar, Debashree Dalai. „Tolerance Response of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Cultivar NSSH-1084 to Water Logging Stress“. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 10, Nr. 8 (10.08.2021): 219–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2021.1008.026.

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SZENTE, K., Z. TUBA, Z. NAGY und Zs CSINTALAN. „Ecophysiological approach to competition between Amaranthus chlorostachys and sunflower (Helianthus annuus) under drought stress“. Weed Research 33, Nr. 2 (April 1993): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1993.tb01925.x.

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Garcia, Jerusa Simone, Gustavo Henrique Martins Ferreira Souza, Marcos Nogueira Eberlin und Marco Aurélio Zezzi Arruda. „Evaluation of metal-ion stress in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) leaves through proteomic changes“. Metallomics 1, Nr. 1 (2009): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b816146a.

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Lopes Júnior, Cícero Alves, Herbert de Sousa Barbosa, Rodrigo Moretto Galazzi, Hector Henrique Ferreira Koolen, Fábio Cesar Gozzo und Marco Aurélio Zezzi Arruda. „Evaluation of proteome alterations induced by cadmium stress in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultures“. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 119 (September 2015): 170–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.05.016.

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Andrade, Andrea, Maximiliano Escalante, Ana Vigliocco, María del Carmen Tordable und Sergio Alemano. „Involvement of jasmonates in responses of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seedlings to moderate water stress“. Plant Growth Regulation 83, Nr. 3 (08.09.2017): 501–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10725-017-0317-9.

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45

Usatov, A. V., E. V. Mashkina und E. P. Gus?kov. „The effect of oxidative stress on nitrosomethylurea-induced mutagenesis in sunflower Helianthus annuus L.“ Russian Journal of Genetics 41, Nr. 1 (Januar 2005): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11177-005-0008-x.

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46

Usatov, A. V., E. V. Mashkina und E. P. Gus?kov. „The effect of oxidative stress on nitrosomethylurea-induced mutagenesis in sunflower Helianthus annuus L.“ Russian Journal of Genetics 41, Nr. 1 (Januar 2005): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11177-005-0065-1.

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47

Whitfield, D. M., D. J. Connor und A. J. Hall. „Carbon dioxide balance of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) subjected to water stress during grain-filling“. Field Crops Research 20, Nr. 1 (Februar 1989): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4290(89)90024-5.

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Yuce, Merve, Mahmut Sinan Taspinar, Murat Aydin und Guleray Agar. „Response of NAC transcription factor genes against chromium stress in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)“. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) 136, Nr. 3 (29.11.2018): 479–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11240-018-01529-8.

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Mackievic, Viera S., Siarhej M. Zvanarou, Artur A. Shyker, Oksana A. Turovets, Ihar I. Smolich, Anatoly I. Sokolik und Vadim V. Demidchik. „Determination of NaCl- induced modifications in growth processes and induction of programmed cell death in sunflower roots“. Journal of the Belarusian State University. Biology, Nr. 3 (31.10.2019): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33581/2521-1722-2019-3-13-20.

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Globally, about 30 % of all soils are damaged by salinity. Salinity leads to lower productivity of agro- and biocenosis, a decline in biodiversity and, as a result, significant economic losses. For the most important oil culture – sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), primary reactions to salt stress are almost unexplored. This paper analyzes the impact of a wide range of NaCl concentrations on the growth of the main root of sunflower sprouts and the development of programmed cell death processes in trichoblasts. Experiments have shown that sunflower plants are relatively resistant to salinity (NaCl). They were able to grow at the level up to NaCl 250 mmol/L in the environment. Significant symptoms of programmed cell death were detected only at high concentrations of NaCl 250 –500 mmol/L. Previously undescribed in the literature, the reaction of reducing the number of symptoms of programmed cell death under150 mmol/L NaCl treatment (medium salt stress level for sunflower) was determined. An inhibitory analysis of the NaCl-induced potassium flux showed that it was only 15 % inhibited by specific potassium channel antagonists (Ba2+ ). This indicates a low proportion of potassium channels and the dominant role of non-selective cation channels in providing NaCl-induced potassium loss in Helianthus annuus L. plants.

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Dridi, Nesrine, Pedro Brito, Houda Bouslimi, Renata Ferreira, Susete Martins-Dias, Isabel Caçador und Noomene Sleimi. „Physiological and Biochemical Behaviours and Antioxidant Response of Helianthus annuus under Lanthanum and Cerium Stress“. Sustainability 14, Nr. 7 (31.03.2022): 4153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14074153.

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The continuous progress of global manufacturing and anthropogenic activities has resulted in excessive environmental metallic pollution, particularly with rare earth elements (REEs) which have become a prevalent issue of global concern due to their high toxicity and widespread existence. REEs-contaminated soils could ruin agriculture by inducing plant physiology disturbances in various crops that are considered the principal link of the human food chain. The main purpose of the present work is to assess the phytotoxicity of two light REEs, lanthanum (La) and cerium (Ce), in Helianthus annuus after 14 days of exposure to different concentrations of La and Ce (0, 1, 2.5, 5, and 10 µM). Plants showed different variations in shoot and root lengths at the end of the trial period. The accumulation of photosynthetic pigments, such as chlorophylls and carotenoids, as well as the photosynthetic efficiency, the non-photochemical quenching, the photosynthetically active radiation, and the electron transport rate, increased in the two REE treatments. Hydrogen peroxide significantly increased in all applied concentrations of La and Ce. A significant increase in malondialdehyde content was noticed only when plants were exposed to 2.5 µM La and 10 µM Ce. Results also demonstrated that La and Ce induced an increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase (only the highest concentration of La decreased catalase activity). The exposure to different REE concentrations induced the accumulation of La and Ce in the plants, mainly in roots. Helianthus annuus showed an effective resistance behaviour facing La- and Ce-induced stresses.

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