Zeitschriftenartikel: „Heath system“

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Yu, Weider D., und Radhika Bhagwat. „Modeling Emergency and Telemedicine Heath Support System“. International Journal of E-Health and Medical Communications 2, Nr. 3 (Juli 2011): 63–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jehmc.2011070104.

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This paper examines the study of healthcare services provided through a telemedicine oriented Emergency Health Support System (EHSS). This study caters to the needs of senior citizens, but can be extended to a larger population. The main goals are to model the support system in Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) using Cloud Computing and study its performance. The paper compares a system deployed in the cloud versus a co-located environment based on data gathered from the prototype. The emergency support system has a 24/7 remote healthcare monitoring of registered users and provides immediate support in case of a healthcare emergency. The telemedicine system empowers the physicians to prescribe medication based on the users’ vitals, via email, instant messaging, or phone. The system can be based on the platform of Cloud Computing to not only improve performance, but also cut down on computing and networking resource requirements to a large extent. A prototype of Emergency Health Support System has been developed and the system has been modeled and tested to derive performance statistics of the system’s capability.

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Kaufman, Joan A. „China’s Heath Care System and Avian Influenza Preparedness“. Journal of Infectious Diseases 197, s1 (15.02.2008): S7—S13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/524990.

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Pilarska, Anna, Agnieszka Zimmermann und Agata Flis. „Patient's safety - challenges for polish heath care system. Part 1“. Farmacja Polska 74, Nr. 11 (30.11.2018): 679–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.32383/farmpol/118639.

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Gupta, Vitull K., Meghna Gupta und Varun Gupta. „Develop Indian guidelines and revolutionize the heath care system“. Indian Heart Journal 67, Nr. 6 (November 2015): 620–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ihj.2015.08.015.

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Liu, Xiu Ling, Lei Qiao, Xiaoyu Zhu, Haijun Sun und Hong Rui Wang. „Networking Based on ZigBee Technology for Wireless Physiological Signals Aquisition“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 263-266 (Dezember 2012): 898–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.263-266.898.

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This paper introduces a monitoring system for health surveillance with the modern wireless communication.On the basis of predecessors' work, a remote heath monitoring system is designed based on Zigbee and human-computer interacting technology, which uses real-time monitoring in the field of disease prevention and rehabilitation. Every node is introduced and the results show that this system overcomes short distance and inconvenience of the state-of-the-art systems.

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Hicken, Allen, Ken Kollman und Joel W. Simmons. „Party System Nationalization and the Provision of Public Health Services“. Political Science Research and Methods 4, Nr. 3 (20.08.2015): 573–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/psrm.2015.41.

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In this paper, we examine consequences of party system nationalization. We argue that the degree to which party systems are nationalized should affect the provision of public benefits by governments. When political competition at the national level occurs between parties that represent specific sub-national constituencies, then the outcomes of policy debates and conflicts can lead to an undersupply of nationally focused public services. We test our argument using data on DPT and measles immunization rates for 58 countries. We find that low party system nationalization is a barrier to improvements in these health indicators. Specifically, a substantial presence of regionalized parties hinders states’ convergence toward international heath standards.

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Vandewalle, B., J. Félix und C. Ferreira. „PHP110 - SUBSTANTIAL HEALTH GAINS FROM HEATH-SYSTEM-WIDE PATIENT BLOOD MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTATION: ANALYTICS FOR EUROPE“. Value in Health 21 (Oktober 2018): S168—S169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2018.09.1004.

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Kissinger, Kissinger, Ahmad Yamani und Rina Muhayah Noor Pitri. „SISTEM NILAI DAN SIKAP MASYARAKAT TERHADAP KONSERVASI S. belangeran DARI HUTAN KERANGAS“. EnviroScienteae 12, Nr. 2 (16.09.2016): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/es.v12i2.1686.

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Shorea belangeran is one type of tree in heath forest. IUCN red list classifying S. belangeran in the critically endangered. The aim of this study are 1) to analyze the public attitudes towards conservation of S. belangeran, 2) to determine management chosen for S. belangeran in heath forest 3) to develop an implementation strategy of conservation for S. belangeran in heath forest as material sources of natural medicine. Data collecting of public attitudes conducted by semi-structured interviews on local communities in the field. Identifying the attitude of society through 1) characterizing the value system of the community toward S. belangeran. 2) Disclosure of S. belangeran from kerangas forest. There is four value system toward S. belangeran from heath forest, namely the economic, socio-cultural values, socio-cultural values and religious values. Ethnobotany knowledge of community about the use of S. belangeran is a traditional ecological knowledge. S. belangeran is not only seen in the knowledge of their medicinal properties but more complex includes a trust or confidence. Unfortunately, the system of values in society are not properly transferred to the next generation. The attitude of the community to actively participate in the S. belangeran are weak. The weakness of community attitudes toward S. belangeran and the rupture of value systems of S. belangeran are the issues of conservation that must be resolved.

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Soumya, Chippagiri. „The primary health care: true advocate of health“. International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, Nr. 10 (25.09.2020): 4211. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20204398.

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The health care delivery system in India faces challenges due to disparity in geographical, cultural and economic aspects. Nonetheless, health is an issue which brings all humans under one umbrella. It is primary health care that lays the foundation on which health of the people are built and protected. Realizing the strengthens of the primary health care system is of utmost importance especially in the era of vaccinations and disease eliminations. This requires for the health system to move towards mass approach and heath protection concept sooner than later. And what better way than the primary health care system?

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Scott, David, Neil G. Bayfield, Alexander Cernusca und David A. Elston. „Use of a weighing lysimeter system to assess the effects of trampling on evapotranspiration of montane plant communities“. Canadian Journal of Botany 80, Nr. 6 (01.06.2002): 675–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b02-049.

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The aim was to investigate the impacts of trampling on water loss and partitioning in vegetation with contrasting structure and species composition. A new design of weighing lysimeter was used in glasshouse experiments to compare evapotranspiration from intact and trampled blocks of vegetation. The lysimeter system was able to detect differences between treatments after only a few hours. Evapotranspiration was recorded for six communities, representative of cryptogam - vascular plant communities found in the Cairngorm Mountains of Scotland. Vegetation blocks of Racomitrium and Vaccinium/Hylocomium heath communities had the greatest cumulative evapotranspiration and lichen heath the least over 48 h. Blocks from three of the communities (Agrostis/Festuca grassland, Calluna wet heath, and lichen heath) were used in a trampling experiment with five levels of damage. Trampling progressively destroyed the structure of the vegetation of all communities and increased the rates of water loss from the blocks. The grassland community vegetation was the most resilient. These results help to link the massive changes in vegetation structure resulting from trampling to effects on water loss and microclimate.Key words: weighing lysimeter, evapotranspiration, recreation, trampling, cryptogams, montane vegetation.

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Duchin, Jeffrey S. „US Public Health Preparedness for Zika and Other Threats Remains Vulnerable“. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 10, Nr. 2 (08.03.2016): 298–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2016.26.

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AbstractThe unanticipated global outbreak of Zika virus infection is the most current but certainly not the last emerging infectious disease challenge to confront the US public heath system. Despite a number of such threats in recent years, significant gaps remain in core areas of public health system readiness. Stable, sustained investments are required to establish a solid foundation for achieving necessary national public health emergency preparedness and response capacity. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:298–299)

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Chevo, Tafadzwa, und Sandra Bhatasara. „HIV and AIDS Programmes in Zimbabwe: Implications for the Health System“. ISRN Immunology 2012 (26.01.2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/609128.

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This paper analyzes the implications of HIV and AIDS prevention, treatment, and care programmes on the health system in Zimbabwe. The programmes have been spearheaded by various stakeholders that include the public and private sectors, nongovernmental organizations, formal and informal institutions, and intergovernmental organizations. There has been a tremendous increase of the programmes as they adapt to local contexts, accommodate new funders, and changes in population attitudes, and expectations in the country. Through a comprehensive literature review, this paper focuses on Behaviour Change, the Antiretroviral Therapy, Home-Based Care, Prevention to Mother To Child Transmission and Voluntary Counselling and Testing programmes and services in relation to the components of the health system that include health service delivery, human resources, finance, leadership and governance, and the medical products and technologies. Thus far, the implications are uneven throughout the health system and there is need to integrate the HIV and AIDS programmes within the health system in order to achieve positive heath outcomes.

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Mendes Neto, N. N., J. Maia, D. Aronoff, K. G. Luz und D. Lucey. „Will Mayaro virus be the threat fo the brazillian public heath system?“ International Journal of Infectious Diseases 101 (Dezember 2020): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.11.039.

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Hardcastle, Lorian E., Katherine L. Record, Peter D. Jacobson und Lawrence O. Gostin. „Improving the Population's Health: The Affordable Care Act and the Importance of Integration“. Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 39, Nr. 3 (2011): 317–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2011.00602.x.

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Heath care and public health are typically conceptualized as separate, albeit overlapping, systems. Health care’s goal is the improvement of individual patient outcomes through the provision of medical services. In contrast, public health is devoted to improving health outcomes in the population as a whole through health promotion and disease prevention. Health care services receive the bulk of funding and political support, while public health is chronically starved of resources. In order to reduce morbidity and mortality, policymakers must shift their attention to public health services and to the improved integration of health care and public health. In other words, health care and public health should be treated as two parts of a single integrated health system (which we refer to as the health system throughout this article). Furthermore, in order to maximize improvements in health status, policymakers must consider the impact of all governmental policies on health (a Health in All Policies Approach).

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Madžar, Lidija. „Trends in healthcare costs in Serbia“. Revizor 23, Nr. 91-92 (2020): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/rev2092057m.

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Healthcare system has an important role in the contemporary countries' economic development. Health expenditures are affected by many economic, as well as noneconomic factors. The importance of health and health system financing is particularly evident in the circumstances of the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic, which caused a significant increase in unforeseen heath expenditures, as well as the emergence of fiscal deficit in many countries around the world. The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into the trend of the most important health spending indicators in Serbia in the period from 2012 to 2017. The paper concludes that in addition to the reform of the national health financing system, the Serbian Government should implement austerity measures to make health expenditures more sustainable.

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Derkach, V., und E. Prosekova. „PAA2 PUBLIC HEATH SYSTEM EXPENSES ON CHILDREN'S ATOPIC DERMATITIS TREATMENT IN VLADIVOSTOK CITY“. Value in Health 7, Nr. 6 (November 2004): 658. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1098-3015(10)65699-9.

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NISHIMURA, TAKASHI B., und EIZI SUZUKI. „Allometric differentiation among tropical tree seedlings in heath and peat-swamp forests“. Journal of Tropical Ecology 17, Nr. 5 (September 2001): 667–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467401001493.

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Above- and below-ground morphology of seedlings (up to 98 cm in height) were compared by allometric analyses in tropical heath forest and peat-swamp forest in Central Kalimantan. Thirteen abundant species were selected, including two species found in both forests. In above-ground morphology, heath forest seedlings invested more in leaf mass, while peat-swamp forest seedlings invested more in stem mass, stem height, crown area and leaf area. In below-ground morphology, heath forest seedlings invested more in root mass and depth, while peat-swamp forest seedlings invested more in lateral development of the root system. Both specific leaf area and area per leaf of heath forest seedlings were lower than those of peat-swamp forest seedlings. This differentiation in seedling morphology between forest types was evident as a plastic response in the two shared species. Heath forest seedlings on coarse-textured bleached sand with low water retention suffer occasional drought whereas peat-swamp forest seedlings on waterlogged peat rarely experience drought. We concluded that seasonal water limitation brought about the convergence in seedling morphology within heath forest because average understorey irradiances and soil nutrient concentration were assumed to be similarly low in both forests.

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Meghisan-Toma, Georgeta-Madalina, und Dorin Toma. „Health Determinants and Unmet Needs for Health Care- towards e-Health Systems“. Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence 13, Nr. 1 (01.05.2019): 1045–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/picbe-2019-0091.

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Abstract The traditional public health care system should move forward towards prevention by building a strong brand strategy. Taking into consideration the health care expenditure, the paper focuses on the analysis of heath determinants: body mass index, physical activity, consumption of fruits and vegetables, tobacco consumption, alcohol consumption, social environment in connection to the unmet needs for health care: financial reasons, distance or transportation, waiting list. In the context of the competition coming from private health care institutions, the branding strategy of the public health care system should increase customer satisfaction and trust in order to obtain customer affective commitment and awareness. The approach focuses on factor analysis used to validate the following hypothesis: H1. The main heath determinants are: body mass index, physical activity, consumption of fruits and vegetables, tobacco consumption, alcohol consumption, social environment; H2. The main reasons for self-reported unmet needs for health care are: financial reasons, distance or transportation, waiting list. Due to the rapid development of information technology, public health care systems should integrate these technological advances in their structure, with emphasize on brand strategy. The paper has the following structure: after the Introduction, the Literature review part covers issues connected to brand experience, health determinants, health care needs within the EU-28 member states. Section 3 underlines the research methodology, using factor analysis as main method of macroeconomic data interpretation. The next section includes the results of the research, while the Conclusions part focuses on the main ideas of this research, together with the limits of the current approach. However, the research has some limits caused by the availability of up to date statistics and longer time series for the analyzed variables. We intend to further develop our research by introducing in the analysis other health care related variables within the European Union member states and other countries.

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SITA, Gloria LUBAKI. „Généralités sur le cadre juridique du système de santé congolais : une analyse organisationnelle et fonctionnelle“. KAS African Law Study Library - Librairie Africaine d’Etudes Juridiques 7, Nr. 4 (2020): 525–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2363-6262-2020-4-525.

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This article reviews the Congolese health system as organized by the legislative and regulatory Act. There is no perfect model for a health system since each country organizes the system considering political, economic and social realities. The paper draws a parallel between, on the one hand, the political and administrative organisation of the Congolese state and the health structure, on the other hand, the adaptation of the health system into the social context of the country. It appears that territorial decentralization and the sharing of competences between the central government and the provinces could explain the pyramidal structure of the Heath system : The central government fixes the main orientations on health policy and the devolved services are aimed for implementing bodies, meanwhile the provinces only provide a technical assistance. According to the functional perspective, we describe a many-faceted system, due to the lack of a real social insurance coverage policies. Instead we find what we could call a system of adaptation made from private mutual insurance.

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Critchley, C. N. R., H. F. Adamson und J. J. Hyslop. „Short-term impact of sheep and cattle grazing on upland wet heath vegetation“. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2005 (2005): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200011418.

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The UK Biodiversity Action Plan identifies upland heath and blanket bog as priorities for conservation. Heavy grazing by livestock has damaged these habitats in many parts of the UK. Agri-environment schemes have partly addressed the problem by encouraging farmers to reduce sheep stocking levels on degraded moorland. This can prevent further loss of dwarf shrub cover, but the increased biomass of moorland grasses can inhibit regeneration of dwarf shrubs and other desirable species. The objectives of this system-scale study are to assess the impact on plant species composition and animal performance, of sheep-only and mixed grazing regimes with both cattle and sheep on degraded wet heath vegetation. It is being carried out as part of a wider project to determine environmentally sustainable and economically viable grazing systems for heather moorland.

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Baer, Atar, Meaghan S. Fagalde, Curtis D. Drake, Elisabeth H. Sohlberg, Elizabeth Barash, Sara Glick, Alexander J. Millman und Jeffrey S. Duchin. „Design of an Enhanced Public Health Surveillance System for Hepatitis C Virus Elimination in King County, Washington“. Public Health Reports 135, Nr. 1 (13.12.2019): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033354919889981.

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Introduction: With the goal of eliminating hepatitis C virus (HCV) as a public health problem in Washington State, Public Health–Seattle & King County (PHSKC) designed a Hepatitis C Virus Test and Cure (HCV-TAC) data system to integrate surveillance, clinical, and laboratory data into a comprehensive database. The intent of the system was to promote identification, treatment, and cure of HCV-infected persons (ie, HCV care cascade) using a population health approach. Materials and Methods: The data system automatically integrated case reports received via telephone and fax from health care providers and laboratories, hepatitis test results reported via electronic laboratory reporting, and data on laboratory and clinic visits reported by 6 regional health care systems. PHSKC examined patient-level laboratory test results and established HCV case classification using Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists criteria, classifying patients as confirmed if they had detectable HCV RNA. Results: The data enabled PHSKC to report the number of patients at various stages along the HCV care cascade. Of 7747 HCV RNA-positive patients seen by a partner site, 5377 (69%) were assessed for severity of liver fibrosis, 3932 (51%) were treated, and 2592 (33%) were cured. Practice Implications: Data supported local public heath surveillance and HCV program activities. The data system could serve as a foundation for monitoring future HCV prevention and control programs.

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BENJAMINI, AMIRAM GAFNI, AND JOEL B, YAEL. „THE ISRAELI PHYSICIANS' STRIKE: AN INEVITABLE OUTCOME OF THE STRUCTURE OF ISRAEL'S HEATH CARE SYSTEM“. Journal of Collective Negotiations in the Public Sector 15, Nr. 3 (01.09.1986): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/74qt-rubn-f4f4-au81.

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Váradi, Ágnes. „E-health developments in the system of health services in Hungary and the European Union“. Orvosi Hetilap 155, Nr. 21 (Mai 2014): 822–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/oh.2014.29913.

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The question of electronic solutions in public health care has become a contemporary issue at the European Union level since the action plan of the Commission on the e-health developments of the period between 2012 and 2020 has been published. In Hungary this issue has been placed into the centre of attention after a draft on modifications of regulations in health-care has been released for public discourse, which – if accepted – would lay down the basics of an electronic heath-service system. The aim of this paper is to review the basic features of e-health solutions in Hungary and the European Union with the help of the most important pieces of legislation, documents of the European Union institutions and sources from secondary literature. When examining the definition of the basic goals and instruments of the development, differences between the European Union and national approaches can be detected. Examination of recent developmental programs and existing models seem to reveal difficulties in creating interoperability and financing such projects. Finally, the review is completed by the aspects of jurisdiction and fundamental rights. It is concluded that these issues are mandatory to delineate the legislative, economic and technological framework for the development of the e-health systems. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(21), 822–827.

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Li, Wenzheng, und Yu Song. „History of development of health insurance system after the establishment of the People’s Republic of China“. Финансы и управление, Nr. 3 (März 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-7802.2020.3.32407.

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The object of this research is the healthcare system of China and the implementation of basic health insurance in the country. The subject of this research is the stages of formation and improvement of health insurance system after the establishment of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The data analysis of scientific literature data and the postulates of legislative acts allowed examining the gradual transition of China from the scheme of national welfare towards the model of social health insurance l. The scientific novelty of this work consists in generalization of the key problems in China’s health care system and proposal of ways for their solution. Similar to any developing program, the implemented system of health insurance has a number of shortcomings that require elaboration and amendments. By trial and error with regards to implementation of progressive reforms and reasonable state control, China was able to achieve maturity of the system of heath insurance, however mostly in cities. It is necessary to address the issues of deficit of health insurance fund, as well as the questions of individual financial risk. The application of measures proposed in the article may reduce the risks and improve the quality of health insurance system, as well as increase the level of content of the citizens with healthcare system.

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M.Si, Susniwati, Sri Suwitri M.Si, Endang Larasati M.S und Hartuti Purnaweni M.Si. „COLLABORATIVE GOVERNANCE IN IMPLEMENTATION NATIONAL HEATH INSURANCE PROGRAM IN BANDUNG CITY“. International Journal of Advanced Research 8, Nr. 11 (30.11.2020): 1012–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12097.

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Bandung is one of 4 (four) districts in West Java that have received Universal Health Coverage (UHC) with more than 95% participation as of January 1, 2018. In the implementation of JKN program in Bandung, there are still some obstacles, namely collaboration between the main actors of the program has not been implemented and the lack of information socialization to the community. The purpose of this article is to analyze collaborative governance in the implementation of JKN program in Bandung. The research method used is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques using observation, in depth interview and documentation study. The results of research on collaborative governance in the implementation of JKN program in Bandung on the dimensions of the context system that houses the JKN Program in Bandung. The implementation of JKN program in Bandung requires improving accountability function and role sharing between various sectors involved. The dimensions of the collaborative governance regime consist of the dynamics of collaboration and collaboration action between the relevant stack holders. Collaboration between stakeholders has not been optimal, there is still a lot of obscurity in the data request process. Collaboration between stakeholders is difficult due to the fragmentation of national, regional, and health systems. The third dimension of collaboration dynamics consisting of 3 (three) components namely principle engagement, shared motivation and capacity for joint action needs to improve information socialization so that the equalization of health services through JKN program can be implemented to the maximum.

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Funmilayo, Oluwatuyi Mayowa. „A Dive into Problems of National Health Management Information Systems (NHMIS) in Nigeria“. International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 5, Nr. 6 (25.06.2020): 237–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20jun269.

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NHMIS in Nigeria is a design established to collect, store, process and manage health care data in an effective and efficient manner in such a way that it will enhance health care delivery. NHMIS involves collection, storage and the transfer of a patient’s EMedical record, An health institution supporting health care policy decisions. National Health Management Information Systems. (NHMIS) promotes efficacious and valid services within hospital settings. NHMIS was introduced in Nigeria precisely 2006 which encompass all health information system. The achievement of NHMIS becomes a mirage due to challenges and problems faced with by health institutions. Be that as it may, it's imperative to have knowledge about determinants for successful implementation to make sure there is qualitative NHMIS. The successfulness of the implementation process of NHMIS is reliant on factors ranging from Technological, personnel and Institutional factors. Any problem relating to heath institutions if pointed out should avert poor implementation in the long run. Thus, this article will review problems of health institution factors affecting the efficacy of NHMIS while considering plans needed to forestall problems earlier identified.

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Van Emon, Megan, Carla Sanford und Sarah McCoski. „Impacts of Bovine Trace Mineral Supplementation on Maternal and Offspring Production and Health“. Animals 10, Nr. 12 (16.12.2020): 2404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10122404.

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Nutritional status can have major implications for animal health and production. Energy balance is easily determined using a body condition scoring system. This allows producers to readily adjust diets to meet an animal’s needs. Far less obvious is an animal’s trace mineral status, which is typically not assessed until an animal’s performance falls below expectation or illness is detected. Trace mineral toxicities and deficiencies can manifest as reduced thriftiness and/or poor reproductive performance, resulting in economic consequences for producers. Maternal mineral status not only impacts dam heath, but also the health of subsequent offspring. Both the oocyte and embryo are susceptible to changes in maternal mineral status. This susceptibility is maintained throughout fetal development via placental control of nutrient transfer to the fetal system. Furthermore, maternal mineral status continues to impact offspring health via colostrum and milk quality. Herein we discuss the roles of trace minerals in bovine reproductive performance, maternal health, colostrum and milk quality, and offspring health.

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Stone, Robyn, und Natasha Bryant. „CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR TRAINING AND SUPPORTING AIDES AS MEMBERS OF HOME-BASED CARE TEAMS“. Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.793.

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Abstract Despite home heath/home care aides being the informal “eyes and ears” of the health system, team-based home care initiatives have not incorporated this workforce into their programs. This presentation summarizes barriers to their inclusion: a basic lack of understanding on the part of clinical team members of the complex tasks these caregivers perform, inadequate investments in competency-based aide training and education, and variation in state nurse delegation laws that limit aides’ scope of practice and their ability to work effectively in teams. This is followed by a review of several programs that have successfully included aides as key members of home care teams. The presentation concludes with recommendations on how federal and state policymakers, educators and health systems and providers can support inclusion of aides in team-based care through standardization of competency-based training programs, expansion of nurse delegation nationwide, and support for piloting, evaluation, dissemination and replication of promising models.

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Coelho, Maria Auristela Magalhães, Helena Alves de Carvalho Sampaio, Maria da Penha Baião Passamai, Lissidna Almeida Cabral, Tatiana Uchôa Passos und Gláucia Posso Lima. „Functional health literacy and healthy eating: Understanding the brazilian food guide recommendations“. Revista de Nutrição 27, Nr. 6 (Dezember 2014): 715–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1415-52732014000600006.

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Objective: To assess the relationship between the functional health literacy of Unified Heath System users and the understanding of food servings in the pocket version of the Brazilian Food Guide.Methods: Functional health literacy was assessed by the Brief Test of functional health literacy.Two dialogue rounds were conducted with patients with adequate functional health literacy (Group 1) and inadequate functional health literacy (Group 2). The dialogues were recorded and analyzed according to the discourse of the collective subject.Results: Most (58.0%) users had inadequate functional health literacy. Five core areas were identified: understands serving sizes; does not understand serving sizes; serving sizes are confusing; unfamiliar/uncommon foods; small letters. Group 2 had more trouble understanding.Conclusion: Difficulty understanding hinders health promotion. Individuals need to have access to educational materials that are easier to understand and developed taking their functional health literacy into account.

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Jette, Alan M. „Face Into the Storm“. Physical Therapy 92, Nr. 9 (01.09.2012): 1221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.2012.mcmillan.lecture.

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America is about to experience a demographic shift of enormous magnitude: increasing longevity, declining fertility, and the aging of the baby boomers, which are triggering an enormous “age wave.” We are facing the challenge of limited access to health care services by millions of our citizens, and unsustainable cost escalation. In response, health care is changing fundamentally. In the 2012 McMillan Lecture, Jette discusses 3 critical “system skills” that physical therapists must develop to practice successfully in a changing health care environment. First, therapists must become interested in data. Second, they must become skilled in the ability to devise solutions for the system problems that data and experience uncover. Third, the physical therapy profession must develop the ability to implement at scale—the ability to get therapists along the entire chain of care functioning in concert, in collaboration. Jette discusses the American Physical Therapy Association's Vision 2020 as it relates to these challenges and the degree to which he believes physical therapists are equipped with the system skills needed to function within effective health care systems to identify what works in physical therapy, for what conditions, under what circumstances, and at what cost. Jette articulates a revised vision for physical therapy that includes being a leader in teaching systems skills to practice successfully in interconnected heath care teams; being a recognized national leader in implementing evidence-based strategies; using standardized collection, analysis, and dissemination of intervention and outcomes data as a regular part of practice to determine what interventions best improve the health of individuals and society; and being a profession that is a central player in devising, evaluating, and implementing cost-effective health care innovations for communities as well as for individuals.

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Świderek, Wiesław Piotr, Krystyna Małgorzata Charon, Anna Winnicka, Joanna Gruszczyńska und Mariusz Pierzchała. „Physiological Threshold of Somatic Cell Count in Milk of Polish Heath Sheep and Polish Lowland Sheep“. Annals of Animal Science 16, Nr. 1 (01.01.2016): 155–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aoas-2015-0071.

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AbstractThe study was conducted on 320 sheep of two breeds: Polish Heath Sheep (PHS) and Polish Lowland Sheep (PLS). Udder health status was assessed based on somatic cell count (SCC) and bacteriological examination of milk. Cells of the immune system (leukocyte populations and lymphocyte subpopulations) were identified in the blood and milk of sheep by flow cytometry, using a panel of specific monoclonal antibodies and fluorescent dyes. The study showed that the highest proportion of neutrophils and a lower percentage of lymphocytes (CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, WC1-N2+) in milk and blood occurred in sheep of both breeds in which milk SCC ranged between 201 and 300×103cells/ml. In light of existing research, these results suggest that fluctuations in somatic cell count of ewe milk are physiologically determined up to 200×103cells/ml and result from udder health disturbances above this level.

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Yi, Yanhua, Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong, Hutcha Sriplung, Guijie Hu, Edward McNeil, Qiming Feng, Hongxia Zhou und Bo Wei. „Unmet needs in continuing medical education programs for rural Chinese township health professionals“. Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions 12 (14.06.2015): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2015.12.25.

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Purpose: This study aimed to describe the system of continuing medical education (CME) in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and to ascertain the perceived needs related to that system, in order to improve the performance of health professionals in Chinese township health centers (THCs). Methods: In-depth key informant interviews were conducted to gain insights into the current CME system. A cross-sectional survey using a self-administered structured questionnaire was also carried out from March to August 2014 in order to identify perceived needs among THC personnel in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Logistic regression was used to identify factors related to respondents’ interest in pursuing different levels of degree study. Results: The areas of need perceived by the respondents included general clinical competence and emergency or first aid knowledge. Most respondents wanted to study at medical colleges in order to obtain a higher degree. Respondents aged below 45 years with neutral or positive attitudes about the benefit of degree study for the licensure examination were more likely to attend a bachelor-level CME program than their older peers and respondents with negative attitudes towards degree study. Female respondents and respondents aged below 45 years were more likely to attend a junior college CME program than males and older respondents, respectively. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop degree-linked CME programs to meet the need for young health professionals in Chinese THCs; therefore, this programs can improve the expertise of poorly educated young health workers, who overwhelm rural Chinese heath systems.

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Gulino, Gaetano, Michele Antonucci, Giuseppe Palermo, Daniele D'Agostino, Alessandro D'Addessi, Marco Racioppi, Francesco Pinto, Emilio Sacco und Pierfrancesco Bassi. „Robot technology in the Italian Health-care system: Cost-efficacy economic analysis“. Urologia Journal 79, Nr. 2 (03.02.2012): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/ru.2012.9098.

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Background Robotic technology is used in multiple fields of surgery, especially radical prostatectomy in patients with prostate cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the introduction of robotic technology in the Italian Public Heath-care context, from the perspective of the Health Technology Assessment (HTA). An economic analysis that compares the costs and effectiveness of the method was developed. Data were compared with those of the most important international literature, analyzing structural and organizational problems related to the method. Materials and Methods A systematic review of literature on tertiary literature (Health Technology Assessment reports) and secondary (systematic reviews) published since 2002 was conducted. The review was also conducted on more recent primary literature regarding the clinical effectiveness and the economic analysis in the fields of surgery where da Vinci® robot is most promising. Results 18 studies were selected out of a total of 65 evaluated. The “Break-Even Point” (BEP) is the minimum number of cases needed to be treated in order to achieve a balance between costs and revenues, below which the system is losing money. It was calculated that the total fixed costs are € 378,000 and variable costs are € 3,810 per surgery. Considering that the current value of DRG (Diagnosis-Related Group) refunded by the public Health-care system is actually € 4,553, the BEP would be achieved performing 508 surgeries, so that the robotic technology does not generate neither profit nor loss. Conclusions It is not possible to demonstrate the superiority of robotic surgery in terms of efficacy. The robotic surgery is safe and effective only if performed by surgical teams with relevant experience. Considering the reported case of an Italian University Hospital with public Health-care system refund, the BEP target of 508 radical prostatectomies could be achieved after a few years. The use of the robot in multiple fields on one hand shortens recovery time costs, but on the other hand increases costs due to organizational issues. The value of the DRG refund does not appear adequate to new robotic technology.

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Chihai, J. „Mental heath in republic of moldova: The way from in-patient to community-based care services“. European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.946.

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IntroductionThe history of mental health in Moldova has been centered on psychiatric institutions. Current reform goals are centered on the reduction in psychiatric hospital beds, shifting the focus towards outpatient therapy, where community mental health centers have a central role in coordinating recovery and social reintegration.Objectivesto collect different data according guidance for establishing a situational analyses about Moldova.Methodologywe elaborated a guidance with outline: the historical perspective:– a. back a 5–10 years events/developments; epidemiologic data;– b. the service delivery system;– c. mental health system: laws/regulations, role of the government as well as civil organizations, mechanisms for data collection, monitoring of performance, costs, quality of care and outcomes;– d. opportunities, barriers, and needed changes/innovations needed to address these.ResultsThe current focus is on moving from a relatively centralized system towards a more community-based approach to psychiatric care and community supports, as well as deinstitutionalization and integration of mental health care with primary care. Besides over reliance on institutionalization, the Moldovan mental health care system faces other challenges, including access to care, workforce limitations, and stigma.ConclusionLooking forward, success in these efforts will require continued strong political will to bring domestic law, policies and practices into line with international standards in the field of human rights for persons with disabilities. By supporting deinstitutionalization and improving the accessibility of mainstream services, more people will have the opportunity for social inclusion and the ability to contribute to the communities’ social and economic growth.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

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Wang, Haiquan, Yabo Li, Xiang-Gen Xia und Shunlan Liu. „Unitary and Non-Unitary Precoders for a Limited Feedback Precoded OSTBC System“. Vehicular Technology, IEEE Transactions on 62, Nr. 4 (Mai 2013): 1646–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2012.2233508.

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In this paper, a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) system with finite-bit feedback first proposed by Love-Heath is considered, where a transmitted signal consists of a precode followed by an orthogonal space-time block code (OSTBC), such as Alamouti code. A new design criterion and a corresponding design method of precoders are proposed. Simulations show that the precoders obtained by our proposed criterion and method perform better than the existing ones. Furthermore, since our proposed precoders have a layered structure, their designs can be implemented in the simplest Grassmannian manifold. Moreover, a fast encoding algorithm can be applied, which can greatly reduce the complexity of codeword selection. In this paper, we also propose non-unitary precoders and their design criterion and method based on the performance analysis and the special property of an OSTBC. Interestingly, non-unitary precoders can significantly improve performance over unitary precoders.

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Nurmansyah, Mochamad Iqbal, Catur Rosidati, Riastuti Kusuma Wardani und Badra Al-Aufa. „Assessment of Nutrition Information System Using Health Metrics Network Framework“. Kesmas: National Public Health Journal 10, Nr. 1 (01.08.2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21109/kesmas.v10i1.814.

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Nutrition Information System (NIS) developed by Heath Ministry’s Nutritional Development Directorate since 2011 covers data of toddler assessment in integrated health care, malnutrition case, coverages of Fe tablet among pregnant mothers, iodized salt consumption, vitamin A distribution and exclusive breastfeeding. This study aimed to assess NIS performance in South Tangerang City Health Agency using WHO’s Health Metrics Network 2008 framework. NIS is national level information system with gradual reporting mechanism starting from 508 districts/cities to 34 provinces ended at national level. Eight districts/cities over Banten Province have conducted NIS. This study had six informants namely nutrition section, health resources and health information system section, two nutrition duties and two integrated health care workers. Data was collected on January - April 2013 using interview, observation and document analysis guidelines. Data analysis used interpretation analysis. The result showed no any policy and training implemented regarding nutrition surveillance. Monitoring activity was already conducted. Facilities were adequate, but the maintenance was deficient. There are six nutritional development indicators according to MDGs. Data grouping and dictionaries were available. Data reporting was conducted every month. Graphics and maps were used for presenting data. The data served was used for monitoring and making a decision on nutritional development programs at integrated health care, primary health care and health agency levels. Generally, NIS implementation in South Tangerang City. Health agency was already adequate.Penilaian Sistem Informasi Gizi Menggunakan Kerangka Health MetricsNetworkSistem informasi gizi (Sigizi) dikembangkan oleh Direktorat Bina Gizi Kementerian Kesehatan sejak 2011. Data Sigizi mencakup data penimbangan balita di posyandu, kasus gizi buruk, cakupan pemberian tablet Fe pada ibu hamil, konsumsi garam beryodium, pemberian vitamin A, dan ASI eksklusif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kinerja pengelolaan Sigizi di Dinas Kesehatan Kota Tangerang Selatan menggunakan kerangka Health Metrics Network yang dikeluarkan oleh WHO tahun 2008. Sigizi merupakan sistem informasi yang diaplikasikan pada tingkat nasional dengan mekanisme pelaporan berjenjang, dari 508 kabupaten/kota menuju 34 provinsi dan bermuara di tingkat nasional. Di Provinsi Banten, terdapat delapan kabupaten/kota yang menjalankan Sigizi. Informan penelitian berjumlah enam orang, yaitu seksi gizi, seksi sumber daya kesehatan dan sistem informasi kesehatan, dua tenaga pelaksana gizi, dan dua kader posyandu. Pengumpulan data dilakukan Januari – April 2013 menggunakan pedoman wawancara, observasi, dan telaah dokumen. Analisis interpretasi digunakan dalam menganalisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukan belum ada kebijakan serta pelatihan mengenai pengawasan gizi. Kegiatan pemantauan telah dilakukan. Sarana dinilai cukup, namun terdapat kekurangan dalam upaya perawatannya. Terdapat enam indikator dalam pembinaan gizi yang mengacu pada MDGs. Terdapat pengelompokan dan kamus data. Pelaporan data dilakukan setiap bulan. Grafik dan peta digunakan untuk menyajikan data. Data yang tersedia digunakan untuk pemonitoran dan pengambilan keputusan dalam kegiatan pembinaan gizi, baik di tingkat posyandu, puskesmas maupun dinkes. Secara umum, pelaksanaan Sigizi di Dinas Kesehatan Kota Tangerang Selatan telah memadai.

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Doménech-Briz, Vicente, Rosario Gómez Romero, Isabel de Miguel-Montoya, Raúl Juárez-Vela, José Ramón Martínez-Riera, María Isabel Mármol-López, María Virtudes Verdeguer-Gómez, Álvaro Sánchez-Rodríguez und Vicente Gea-Caballero. „Results of Nurse Case Management in Primary Heath Care: Bibliographic Review“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, Nr. 24 (20.12.2020): 9541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249541.

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Background: The new characteristics of today’s population, together with the presence of chronic diseases in the elderly, require a new approach to care, promoting coordination between different levels of care. In this sense, we find the figure of the nurse case manager (NCM) in primary health care mainly responsible for ensuring continuity of care in complex patients with chronic diseases. Objective: to describe the role of the NCM in care management, determining its effectiveness in addressing chronic disease (health outcomes and quality of life) and its efficiency in the health system. Methods: Bibliographic review of scientific evidence on case management applied to nursing. Between March and April 2020 a bibliographic search was carried out in the Dialnet, Scielo, Scopus and Pubmed databases. Inclusion criteria: articles written in the last 5 years, which analyze how this nursing rol influences the care and health of patients. Results: A total of 16 articles were selected. The NCM reduced the use of the emergency department, hospital admissions, readmissions, and the duration of these in the patients studied. Conclusion: The NCM is effective and efficient for both patients and health institutions, and a common practice model is needed that includes standardized protocols and evidence-based practices.

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Cazarim, MS, AA Nunes und LR Pereira. „Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Of A Pharmaceutical Care Program For Systemic Arterial Hypertension Care Into Brazilian Public Heath System“. Value in Health 20, Nr. 9 (Oktober 2017): A915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2017.08.3121.

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Buchholz, PM, M. Nye und J. Walt. „PES6 PATIENT REPORTED OUTCOMES AND HEATH SYSTEM ECONOMIC IMPACT OF A REFORMULATION TO IMPROVE BRIMONIDINE 0.2% PATIENT OUTCOMES“. Value in Health 5, Nr. 6 (November 2002): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1098-3015(10)61458-1.

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Hinds, Pamela. „Workplace Studies: Recovering Work Practice and Informing System Design, Paul Luff, Jon Hindmarsh and Christian C. Heath (eds.)“. Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) 12, Nr. 1 (Februar 2003): 123–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1022496821600.

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Krokhmal, I. „The concept of forecasting success introduction herbaceous perennials in the Ukraine heath“. Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series: Biology 71, Nr. 1 (2016): 66–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728_2748.2016.71.66-77.

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The concept of forecast success introduction of herbaceous perennials in the Ukraine steppe, and new approaches to their introduction, which is the basis of introduction and increase environmental capacity of the region. The concept provides a theoretical basis for updates, updating and improving the collection funds of botanical gardens of the steppe zone, the mobilization of new species to expand their range to regions of landscape architecture. The criteria of success of the introduction of species and developed a system of evaluation of their adaptive capacity to the conditions of the introduction of the region, designed to analyze fitness herbaceous perennials both introduced and native flora, taking into account the totality of important adaptive plant signs (44 signs), including morphological and anatomical indicators of vegetative organs and their allometric parameters, correlation of functional traits of plants, the ability of plants to the formation of hybrid seedlings, their allelopathic activity.

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Stuessy, Peter, Federico Augusto Sanchez und Madeline Schober. „Retrospective review of pegfilgrastim on-body injector delivery rates in a large health system.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, Nr. 15_suppl (20.05.2017): e18273-e18273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e18273.

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e18273 Background: Pegfilgrastim is used in patients at significant risk for febrile neutropenia following myelosuppresive chemotherapy. Labeling for pegfilgrastim requires administration the day after administration of chemotherapy. The pegfilgrastim on-body injector allows for delivery at home, without having to return to the clinic. Rates of appropriate delivery of pegfilgrastim via the on-body injector have not been studied in large scale outside of controlled environments. This retrospective review investigates the rate of appropriate delivery of pegfilgrastim via the on-body injector in a large heath system. Methods: Reports were created listing monthly clinic administration of the pegfilgrastim on-body injector at nineteen outpatient cancer care clinics from July 1st, 2016 to December 31st, 2016. Patient charts were reviewed for reported non-delivery of the medication. Results: Three hundred eighty-nine injections from 149 patient charts were reviewed. Of these injections, eight were not delivered (non-delivered rate = 2.1%). Four other administrations resulted in only partial dose delivery or unknown if dose was delivered (partial/unknown rate = 1%), leading to a failure rate of 3.1 with an appropriate delivery rate of 96.9%. Conclusions: In one health system’s experience, 96.9% of pegfilgrastim on-body injector administrations were delivered as planned. A process for real time evaluation of delivery rates should be created to address the 3-4% non-delivered dosing.

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Heckman, George A., Cara Tannenbaum, Andrew P. Costa, Karen Harkness und Robert S. McKelvie. „The journey of the frail older adult with heart failure: implications for management and health care systems“. Reviews in Clinical Gerontology 24, Nr. 4 (03.10.2014): 269–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959259814000136.

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SummaryThe heart failure epidemic predominantly affects older people, particularly those with concurrent co-morbid conditions and geriatric syndromes. Mortality and heath service utilization associated with heart failure are significant, and extend beyond the costs associated with acute care utilization. Over time, older people with heart failure experience a journey characterized by gradual functional decline, accelerated by unpredictable disease exacerbations, requiring greater support to remain in the community, and often ultimately leading to institutionalization. In this narrative review, we posit that the rate of functional decline and associated health care resource utilization can be attenuated by optimizing the management of heart failure and associated co-morbidities. However, to realize this objective, the manner in which care is delivered to frail older people with heart failure must be restructured, from the bedside to the level of the health care system, in order to optimally anticipate, diagnose and manage co-morbidities.

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Triulzi, F. „I DRG in Neuroradiologia“. Rivista di Neuroradiologia 10, Nr. 2_suppl (Oktober 1997): 71–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19714009970100s227.

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Starting from January the first 1997 some crucial changes have happened in the Italian heath care system. A new reimbursement procedure was introduced for the public and private hospitals. This procedure coming from the American Diagnosis Related Groups system that was firstly assembled by the Insurance Companies as a method for evaluating the reimbursement according to the final diagnosis. This new reimbursement plan involves also neuroradiological procedures; an increasing solicitation of immediate reports can be easily predicted, even though each neuroradiological procedure will result as a cost for the solicitor.

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Yadav, Vijay, Navin Budania, Arka Mondal, Naveen Kumar, Ritesh Kumar, Vinod Kumar Bhardwaj, Vijay Kumar Chhockra, Nadish Garg, Aditi Punia und Priyamvada Sharma. „A questionnaire-based study on knowledge and attitude towards counterfeit medication among the doctors in tertiary care hospital“. International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 7, Nr. 4 (23.03.2018): 802. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20181190.

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Background: Counterfeit drugs are a global problem and suffered almost all developing and developed countries worldwide. In India, it is a major problem which results life threatening issues as well as financial loss on health system. So, we conducted a cross sectional questionnaire-based study on knowledge and exposure to counterfeit drugs of doctors at SHKM Govt. Medical College, Nuh, Haryana, India.Methods: A structured questionnaire was distributed to 100 registered doctors. The questionnaire was based on knowledge, attitude and its consequence on the heath system by the practices of counterfeit medication.Results: There were Twenty questionnaires excluded from the study due to incomplete information. Only 57.77% (46/80) subjects having the knowledge of questionnaire correct meaning of counterfeit drug. However, almost 90% (72/80) subjects were aware about its dangerous effects. More than 50% of the subjects have suggested that modern technology is capable to control counterfeiting of the medicine.Conclusions: Counterfeit drugs create a people health hazard and waste to consumer income. The proper knowledge, awareness and modern technological approaches are the devices may helpful in diminution of counterfeit medication practices.

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Garg, Suneela, Nidhi Bhatnagar und Navya Gangadharan. „A Case for Participatory Disease Surveillance of the COVID-19 Pandemic in India“. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 6, Nr. 2 (16.04.2020): e18795. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/18795.

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The coronavirus disease pandemic requires the deployment of novel surveillance strategies to curtail further spread of the disease in the community. Participatory disease surveillance mechanisms have already been adopted in countries for the current pandemic. India, with scarce resources, good telecom support, and a not-so-robust heath care system, makes a strong case for introducing participatory disease surveillance for the prevention and control of the pandemic. India has just launched Aarogya Setu, which is a first-of-its-kind participatory disease surveillance initiative in India. This will supplement the existing Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme in India by finding missing cases and having faster aggregation, analysis of data, and prompt response measures. This newly created platform empowers communities with the right information and guidance, enabling protection from infection and reducing unnecessary contact with the overburdened health care system. However, caution needs to be exercised to address participation from digitally isolated populations, ensure the reliability of data, and consider ethical concerns such as maintaining individual privacy.

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Newman, Claire, Andrew Cashin und Iain Graham. „Identification of service development needs for incarcerated adults with autism spectrum disorders in an Australian prison system“. International Journal of Prisoner Health 15, Nr. 1 (11.03.2019): 24–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijph-11-2017-0051.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify and deliberate the service development needs required for the improvement of service provision for incarcerated adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in NSW, Australia.Design/methodology/approachConsultation groups were conducted to bring togethern=5 key stakeholders from heath and correctional-based services in the prison system. A facilitated asynchronous e-mail-based discussion occurred amongst group members between consultation group meetings.FindingsTwo main themes were identified: detecting persons with ASD and providing appropriate care. Participants discussed current service gaps with regard to the identification of people with ASD at the point of contact with the prison service, and the difficulties associated with diagnosing prisoners with ASD. The need for effective alert systems to detect persons with ASD in custody was identified. The current absence of ASD-specific support services in prison was highlighted, and recommendations for improvement suggested.Practical implicationsCurrent health and correctional-based service provision failed to adequately support incarcerated adults with ASD. Improvements in prison-entry screening processes, alert systems and diagnostic practices are required. Multidisciplinary collaboration between prison-based and external service providers is required for the development of a model of care based on individualised case management to adequately support incarcerated adults with ASD in prison.Originality/valueGiven the lack of reported service provision for incarcerated adults with ASD internationally, other prison-based services are likely to experience similar service development needs and see the relevance of the recommendations made directly from the study findings.

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Critchley, C. N. R., H. F. Adamson, B. M. L. McLean und O. D. Davies. „Vegetation dynamics and livestock performance in system-scale studies of sheep and cattle grazing on degraded upland wet heath“. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 128, Nr. 1-2 (Oktober 2008): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2008.05.002.

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Kuhlmann, Ellen, Michelle Falkenbach, Kasia Klasa, Emmanuele Pavolini und Marius-Ionut Ungureanu. „Migrant carers in Europe in times of COVID-19: a call to action for European health workforce governance and a public health approach“. European Journal of Public Health 30, Supplement_4 (01.09.2020): iv22—iv27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaa126.

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Abstract The present study explores the situation of migrant carers in long-term care (LTC) in European Union Member States and the disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic from a public health perspective. The aim is to bring LTC migrant carers into health workforce research and highlight a need for trans-sectoral and European heath workforce governance. We apply an exploratory approach based on secondary sources, document analysis and expert information. A framework comprising four major dimensions was developed for data collection and analysis: LTC system, LTC health labour market, LTC labour migration policies and specific LTC migrant carer policies during the COVID-19 crisis March to May 2020. Material from Austria, Italy, Germany, Poland and Romania was included in the study. Results suggest that undersupply of carers coupled with cash benefits and a culture of family responsibility may result in high inflows of migrant carers, who are channelled in low-level positions or the informal care sector. COVID-19 made the fragile labour market arrangements of migrant carers visible, which may create new health risks for both the individual carer and the population. Two important policy recommendations are emerging: to include LTC migrant carers more systematically in public health and health workforce research and to develop European health workforce governance which connects health system needs, health labour markets and the individual migrant carers.

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Ferre Navarete, F., und I. Palanca. „Mental health care in Madrid“. European Psychiatry 20, S2 (Oktober 2005): s279—s284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(05)80174-9.

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AbstractAimTo describe principles and characteristics of mental health care in Madrid.MethodBased on existing data, service provision, number of professionals working in services, funding arrangements, pathways intocare, user/carer involvement and specific issues are reported.ResultsIn Madrid, mental health services are organized into 11 zones/areas, divided into 36 districts, where there is a mental healthoutpatient service with a multi-disciplinary team. Home treatment and psychosocial rehabilitation services have been developed. Specialist programmes exist for vulnerable client groups, including Children and Adolescents, Addiction/Alcohol and Older People. The Madrid Mental Health Plan (2003–2008) is regarded as the key driver in implementing service improvement and increased mental health and well-being in Madrid. It has a meant global budget increase of more than 10% for mental health services. Results of the first 2 years are: an increase in mental health staff employed (17%), four new hospitalization units, 50% increase in places for children and adolescents Day Hospitals, 62 new beds in long care residential units, development of specific programmes for the homeless and gender-based violence, a significant investment in information systems (450 new computers) and development of best practice and operational guidelines. Mental health system was put to the test with Madrid's March 11th terrorist attack. A Special Mental Health Plan for Affected people was developed.DiscussionUnlike some European countries, public mental health service is the main heath care provider. There are no voluntary agenciescollaborating with mental health care. Continuity of care and coordination between all mental health resources is essential in service delivery. Increased demand of care for minor psychiatric disorders, children and adolescent mental health care, and implementation of rehabilitation and residential facilities for chronic patients are outstanding challenges similar to those in other European capitals. Overall, the mental health system had successfully coped with last year's increased care demand after March 11th terrorist attack in Madrid.

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