Thematische Bibliographien / Heat pump principle

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Heat pump principle“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 28. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 15. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Heat pump principle"

Zhang, Jian, Hui Yu Wang und Jian Zhang. „Study on Principle and Application of Heat Pump Technology“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 525 (Februar 2014): 607–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.525.607.

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This paper studies the low temperature heat source heat pumps to improve the efficiency of the heat pump unit with economic principles and the use of compressed improve the working conditions of the compressor, and to explore the system operating mode. A new test run integrated heat pump system is designed. Heat pump system can be controlled by the intelligent control of the implementing agencies, to improve the economic system, the research of this paper can provide a potential basis for the efficient use of energy heat pump.

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Sun, Lei, Jia Fu Xiao, Chun Yu Ran und Li Yun Zhang. „Ground Source Heat Pump and Conventional Heat Sources to Match the Design and Operation Mode for Energy Saving“. Advanced Materials Research 724-725 (August 2013): 955–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.724-725.955.

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According to China's current energy present situation, the use of renewable energy, saving energy and reducing consumption has become the energy industry development should follow the basic principles. Ground-source heat pump and conventional heat source composite system as a kind of building energy efficiency technology, mainly reflected in soil source heat pump renewable energy utilization aspects. In this paper the soil source heat pump and conventional heat source matching design and operation mode research, from the matching design principle chart, operation mode, the practical engineering application, economic and technical analysis into consideration, it is concluded that the soil source heat pump and conventional heat source composite system can be applied and research.

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Kłosowiak, R., J. Bartoszewicz und R. Urbaniak. „Portable Heat Pump Testing Device“. International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering 20, Nr. 3 (01.08.2015): 657–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijame-2015-0044.

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Abstract The aim of this paper is to present the design and working principle of a portable testing device for heat pumps in the energy recirculation system. The presented test stand can be used for any refrigerating/reverse flow cycle device to calculate the device energy balance. The equipment is made of two portable containers of the capacity of 250 liters to simulate the air heat source and ground heat source with a system of temperature stabilization, compressor heat pump of the coefficient of performance (COP) of = 4.3, a failsafe system and a control and measurement system.

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Zhang, Cheng Hu, Na Meng und De Xing Sun. „Sewage Anti-Blocking Machine Principle and Double-Stage Pump Technology“. Advanced Materials Research 424-425 (Januar 2012): 751–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.424-425.751.

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The sewage should be filtered to prevent the blockage of the heat exchanger before using. And the anti-blocking machine is the key device to prevent blocking in sewage source heat pump system. The paper introduces the development of the anti-blocking machine: intermittent backwashing, flat continuous backing, cylindrical with external baffle continuous backwashing, double-stage continuous backwashing without external baffle. Also, it describes the principle of the anti-blocking machine, the key technologies and the necessity of choosing double-stage pump in sewage source heat pump system with anti-blocking machine. The paper concludes the technical characteristics, the advantages and disadvantages of the double-stage sewage source heat pump system and introduces the selecting principle of the double-stage pump. The paper clarifies some misunderstanding about anti-blocking machine and double-stage pump.

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Zhao, Jing Bo. „Comprehensive Utilization of Solar Assisted Heat Pump and Ground Source Heat Pump in Severe Cold Region“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (Oktober 2013): 2790–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.2790.

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In this paper, the principle of solar assisted heat pump and ground source heat pump was introduced, the comprehensive utilization of solar assisted heat pump and ground source heat pump was discussed in severe cold region, the article illustrated the advantages and matters of the system to which need pay attention, and pointed out that the comprehensive utilization of the combination solar assisted heat pump and ground source heat pump had a substantial economic and environmental benefits in severe cold region.

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Gong, Peng, und Jian Tang. „The Economic Performance of Ground-Source Heat Pumps“. Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 1735–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.1735.

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Ground-Source Heat Pump (PSHP) was verified by US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as one of the most efficient air conditioning systems on present market. It has a higher efficiency than other heating systems from 50% to 70%, and a higher efficiency than other cooling systems from 30% to 50%. The working principle of PSHP determines its low operating costs. By comparing the total energy efficiency, the existing groundwater heat pump total energy efficiency is the highest, about 115%. The total energy efficiency for soil-source heat pump is up to 100%. But traditional air conditioning is far less than the level. Articles present a research on Ground-Source Heat Pump system and its cost with a scientific and objective principles. Ground-source heat pump is a new central air conditioning system of Low-carbon energy saving. Due to the high technical content, function requirement, and installation difficulty , the average initial investment of ground-source heat pump is much higher than traditional central air conditioning. Taking into account the added costs of heating systems based on traditional central air-conditioning, such as boilers, it will not deviate too much from it.

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Qian, Jian Feng, und Ya Yuan Liu. „Characteristics Study of Sewage Source Heat Pump System Based on Heat Transfer Enhancement and Acoustic Cavitation Decontamination“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 665 (Oktober 2014): 607–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.665.607.

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Put forward an application of ultrasonic cavitation technology of the sewage source heat pump system to solve the problem of controlling pollution and emphatically discusses the principle of acoustic cavitation and the effect, to conduct a feasibility analysis of Anti-fouling in sewage source heat pump sewage side. Through analysis principle of ultrasonic cavitation and heat transfer enhancement for carrying the experiment, study the pattern of scaling in heat exchange tube for different velocity and viscosity, effect in flow rate on the ultrasonic cleaning wastewater, Effect in ultrasonic treatment time on the descaling result. Obtain that it can enhancement transfer for 48%.

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Duan, Rui. „Study on Performance of Air Source Heat Pump Water Heater“. Advanced Materials Research 608-609 (Dezember 2012): 987–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.608-609.987.

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This paper introduce the working principle and classification of air source heat pump water heater. Thermodynamic calculation of the air source heat pump water heater is carried out, such as air source heat pump water heating coefficient, energy saving effect, and the cooling effect of the surrounding environment, and primary energy utilization of heating conditions of several forms. The primary energy utilization rate of air source heat pump water heater is the highest, and showing a good energy-saving.

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Fritz, Vincent A., Harold A. Cloud, Robert F. Deef und Alicia M. Borowski. „A Versatile Heat Pump Seed Dryer“. HortScience 25, Nr. 8 (August 1990): 977–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.8.977.

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An experimental research seed dryer based on the heat pump principle was built to dry sweet corn (Zea mays var. rugosa L.) seed on husked ears. The dryer is not susceptible to environmentally induced drying rate fluctuations that are common with a conventional open-system forced-air oven. The dryer operates as a closed system and, as a result, provides a more constant drying environment. The ability to control air flow, temperature, and humidity makes the dryer a valuable tool for seed production research.

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Liu, Tao, Zhi Gang Zhang und Wei Zhang. „Economic Analysis of Solar Energy/Air Compound Source Heat Pump System“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (Oktober 2011): 1605–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.1605.

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The foundation, principle and prior condition and engineering economic Evaluation Criteria of engineering economic analysis are introduced. The economy for a solar energy/air source heat pump system is analyzed. Through a single air-cooled heat pump system, air conditioning in summer + winter heating systems, solar / air source compound heat pump system model analysis and comparison of three systems, integrated initial investment and running costs of both, come to solar / air source compound heat pump system has certain advantages in economical efficiency.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Heat pump principle"

Abuasbeh, Mohammad. „Fault Detection and Diagnosis for Brine to Water Heat Pump Systems“. Thesis, KTH, Tillämpad termodynamik och kylteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-183595.

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The overall objective of this thesis is to develop methods for fault detection and diagnosis for ground source heat pumps that can be used by servicemen to assist them to accurately detect and diagnose faults during the operation of the heat pump. The aim of this thesis is focused to develop two fault detection and diagnosis methods, sensitivity ratio and data-driven using principle component analysis. For the sensitivity ratio method model, two semi-empirical models for heat pump unit were built to simulate fault free and faulty conditions in the heat pump. Both models have been cross-validated by fault free experimental data. The fault free model is used as a reference. Then, fault trend analysis is performed in order to select a pair of uniquely sensitive and insensitive parameters to calculate the sensitivity ratio for each fault. When a sensitivity ratio value for a certain fault drops below a predefined value, that fault is diagnosed and an alarm message with that fault appears. The simulated faults data is used to test the model and the model successfully detected and diagnosed the faults types that were tested for different operation conditions. In the second method, principle component analysis is used to drive linear correlations of the original variables and calculate the principle components to reduce the dimensionality of the system. Then simple clustering technique is used for operation conditions classification and fault detection and diagnosis process. Each fault is represented by four clusters connected with three lines where each cluster represents different fault intensity level. The fault detection is performed by measuring the shortest orthogonal distance between the test point and the lines connecting the faults’ clusters. Simulated fault free and faulty data are used to train the model. Then, a new set of simulated faults data is used to test the model and the model successfully detected and diagnosed all faults type and intensity level of the tested faults for different operation conditions. Both models used simple seven temperature measurements, two pressure measurements (from which the condensation and evaporation temperatures are calculated) and the electrical power, as an input to the fault detection and diagnosis model. This is to reduce the cost and make it more convenient to implement. Finally, for each models, a user friendly graphical user interface is built to facilitate the model operation by the serviceman.

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Šindler, Matěj. „Zpracování dokumentace pro testovací stanici výrobní linky řídicích jednotek tepelných čerpadel“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442478.

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In opening, this diploma thesis is introducing the company Daikin Device Czech s.r.o. In the next step the principle of function of a heat pump. Then there are described its main parts. First part of this thesis is dedicated to assembly line of the heat pump’s switchboxes. The layout of the assembly line is described and added with description of used health and quality measures. Main part is speaking about running test of the switchbox line. The main function of the test is described alongside with description of the process of making the testing software.

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Kunický, Ondřej. „Umělé srdce na principu plynových akumulátorů“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-416426.

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The diploma thesis deals with the design of an artificial heart based on the principle of gas accumulators. The introductory part describes the anatomy and physiology of the human cardiovascular system, mechanical heart replacement and the basic properties of pneumatic mechanisms. Furthermore, there is shown the procedure of pneumatic circuit design and its simulation in the program Simulink. The experimental part contains verification of the functionality of the pneumatic circuit, designed the positive displacement pump, and the measured characteristics of both ventricles. The last part of the work deals with the reduction possibilities of dimensions and weight of the whole mechanism. There is also included computational modelling of the pneumatic circuit using helium as a working medium.

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Bücher zum Thema "Heat pump principle"

Dunlop, Carson. Principles of Home Inspection: Air Conditioning & Heat Pumps (Principles of Home Inspection). Dearborn Home Inspection Education, 2003.

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Prout, Jeremy, Tanya Jones und Daniel Martin. Cardiac anaesthesia. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199609956.003.0014.

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This chapter, written by Anaesthetists from the Heart Hospital, describes the general principles in cardiac anaesthesia. Patient pre-assessment, perioperative monitoring, management of anticoagulation, methods of patient cooling and rewarming, cardiopulmonary bypass and postoperative complications such as tamponade and neurological dysfunction are all discussed in detail. The principles of intra-aortic balloon pump counterpulsation with indications and practical aspects of use are included. The principles of providing anaesthesia for the adult patient with congenital heart disease follow a description of the physiological considerations in these patients.

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Sherwood, Dennis, und Paul Dalby. Clausius, Kelvin, Planck, Carathéodory and Carnot. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198782957.003.0010.

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A chapter that draws together, and compares and contrasts, the principal alternative formulations of the Second Law – The Clausius statement, the Kelvin-Planck statement, the Carathéodory statement, and the Carnot cycle. This includes a discussion of heat engines and heat pumps, and of the efficiency of devices that transform heat into work.

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Taggart, David P., und John D. Puskas, Hrsg. State of the Art Surgical Coronary Revascularization. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198758785.001.0001.

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State of the Art Surgical Coronary Revascularization is an authoritative textbook dedicated to the art and science of surgical coronary revascularization, with 71 chapters, organized in nine sections, and written by over 100 recognized world experts. The textbook covers every aspect of the surgical management of coronary artery pathology and ischaemic heart disease. It provides extensive sections detailing pathophysiology, evaluation, and medical and percutaneous management of ischaemic heart disease as well as general outcomes and quality assessment for coronary artery bypass grafting. Pre-, intra- and postoperative management of coronary artery bypass graft patients is emphasized in detail as are the core surgical principles in the conduct of coronary artery bypass grafting, with special focus on the selection of conduits and how to optimize the performance of both on- and off-pump surgery to reduce morbidity and mortality. There are detailed sections on how to improve outcomes with both arterial and venous bypass grafts.

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Schirmer, Uwe, und Andreas Koster. Anaesthesia for cardiac surgery. Herausgegeben von Philip M. Hopkins. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0056.

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Cardiac anaesthesia continues to develop as a specialized discipline within the wide field of clinical anaesthesia. A comprehensive knowledge of cardiovascular physiology and its improved monitoring with modern invasive and non-invasive devices is the basis for the pharmacological treatment of complex cardiovascular disorders. Excellent skills in intraoperative transoesophageal echocardiography have become essential. Rapid developments in cardiopulmonary bypass techniques and surgical devices have resulted in the speedy introduction of new surgical techniques which anaesthesia has to embrace. The developments in the field of (left) ventricular assist devices are expansive. By changing the paradigm of the indication of implantation from ‘bridging to heart transplantation’ to ‘destination therapy’, particularly in the large group of elderly patients with end-stage heart failure, these complex operations are no longer restricted to the small group of heart centres performing heart transplantation. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of modern cardiac anaesthesia in the contemporary world of quickly evolving cardiac surgery. The basics of anaesthesia management for the ‘cardiac’ patient are described and principles of extracorporeal circulation as well as diagnostic and treatment strategies of disturbances of the haemostatic system are highlighted. Pharmacological strategies to treat left- and right-heart failure and strategies for temporary mechanical support are outlined. Further areas of focus are the anaesthetic implications of modern less or minimally invasive procedures such as off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting and minimally invasive valve implantation/surgery and anaesthesia for implantation of ventricular assist devices and heart transplantation.

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Jelley, Nick. Renewable Energy: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198825401.001.0001.

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Energy is vital for a good standard of living, and affordable and adequate sources of power that do not cause climate change or pollution are crucial. Renewables can meet the world’s energy needs without compromising human health and the environment, and this VSI gives a history of their deployment and the principles of their technologies. Wind and solar farms can now provide the cheapest electricity in many parts of the world. Decarbonizing heat is just as important as clean electricity, and can be achieved using renewably generated electricity to power heat pumps and to produce combustible fuels such as hydrogen and ammonia. Several other clean alternatives, notably hydropower, biofuels, nuclear power, and carbon capture, are also becoming important. Lithium-ion batteries are enabling the electrification of transport and providing grid storage. But while market forces are helping the transition from fossil fuels to renewables, there are opposing pressures, such as the United States’ proposed withdrawal from the Paris Climate Agreement, and vested commercial interests in fossil fuels. Net-zero emissions must be reached by 2050 for a sustainable future, and governments must act quickly to accelerate the transition.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Heat pump principle"

Jin, CongZhuo, QiaoLi Chou und PengCheng Shu. „The Principle and Applications of Bridge Type Loops-Water Source Heat Pump with 4 Functions“. In Advances in Computer Science, Intelligent System and Environment, 669–74. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23756-0_107.

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Holzapfel, Karl. „Heat Pumps — Basic Principles“. In Demand-Side Management and Electricity End-Use Efficiency, 399–406. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1403-2_23.

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Cheng, Hwee Ming, und Felicita Jusof. „Heart as a Rhythmic Pump“. In Defining Physiology: Principles, Themes, Concepts, 17–29. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0499-6_2.

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NAKAIWA, M., M. OWA, T. AKIYA, M. SATO, Y. TANAKA, T. KAWABATA und Y. TOMISAKA. „Internal Heat-Integrated Distillation Process with Heat Pump Principle“. In Heat Pumps, 671–80. Elsevier, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-040193-5.50077-8.

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„Design and Performance of Adsorptive Heat Pumps“. In Technology Development for Adsorptive Heat Energy Converters, 223–50. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4432-7.ch007.

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The chapter is devoted to design and performance of adsorptive heat pumps. In the first sub-division, state-of-the-art of the adsorptive heat pumping is analyzed. It involves analysing operating principle of adsorptive heat pumps, comparing of the properties of adsorbents used, bed specifications, and operating conditions. Original construction of the adsorptive heat pump is designed by authors for independent heat supply systems or hot water supply of buildings and other structures for various purposes. The composites ‘silica gel – sodium sulphate' or ‘silica gel – sodium acetate' were used as adsorbents. Discharging was performed in a daytime, when heat pump supplied heating system with water warmed to 45 – 35°C. The regeneration mode proceeded at night from 0.00 to 8.00 a.m. Efficiency of suggested adsorptive heat pump is estimated by two methods: as ratio of adsorption heat to sum of desorption heat and external heat supplied to sorbent during its heating up to regeneration temperature (coefficient of performance of cycle) and as ratio of heat of adsorption to heat supplied by solar collector (net coefficient of performance). Suggested heat pump coefficients of energy performance of cycle are stated to be 2.084 when composite ‘silica gel – sodium sulphate' used and 2.021 when ‘silica gel – sodium acetate' used. Seasonal dependence of net coefficient energy performance for suggested adsorptive heat pump based on composites ‘silica gel – sodium sulphate' and ‘silica gel – sodium acetate' is revealed. Correlation of coefficients of energy performance of adsorptive heat pump and composite sorbents properties (sorption capacity and regeneration temperature) is stated. Insignificant decreasing of coefficients of energy performance when ‘silica gel – sodium acetate' used is explained by lower sorptive capacity as compared to ‘silica gel – sodium sulphate'. Suggested heat pump application perspectives are shown for heat supply systems to result from traditional energy sources independence and environmental advantages. Adsorptive heat pumps development challenges, major limitations for commercialization of adsorptive heat pumping, and requirements to ongoing innovations are analysed. The present chapter can be useful for energy efficient decentralized heat supply systems based on adsorptive heat pump unit.

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Kelly, Alan. „Heating and Cooling of Food“. In Molecules, Microbes, and Meals. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190687694.003.0014.

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As we have seen, heating of food is one of the oldest and most powerful ways of making food safe and stable, whether cooking a burger on a barbecue or pasteurizing juice, but is also a potentially highly damaging thing to do to many food products. So, it makes sense that a key principle of processing food is to understand how to control the flow of heat as precisely as possible. In Chapter 8, I introduced how we can maximize the efficient transfer of heat into and out of food in a kitchen in simple systems, like pots on stoves. In practice, in large-scale processes, to transfer heat efficiently from hot to cold, and in this way keep the lords of thermodynamics happy while minimizing damage to the food being heated, we need to use clever pieces of equipment, called heat exchangers (reflecting the fact that, just as the cold part of the system gets hotter, so the hot part gets colder in the deal; fair exchange is no robbery). To visualize a heat exchanger, imagine a simple metal tube, through which a cold liquid is flowing from one end to the other. Now surround that tube with a larger one, through which a hot liquid flows (as shown in Figure 11.1). The wall of the inner tube is exposed to cold on the inside and hot on the outside, and this temperature gradient is the pump that transfers heat across that wall, in nature’s obsessive quest for equality in all things temperature-y. So, now we have two tubes laid horizontally in concentric neatness, say with a hot and a cold liquid flowing in from the left-hand side; as they exit at the right-hand side, the outer hot liquid will be colder, and the inner liquid will have gained the lost heat and thus become hotter. If the tubes were sufficiently long, then both would come out at exactly the same temperature.

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Zhao, Huan, Hui Huang und Youlin Zhang. „Basic Principles of System Control“. In Heat Pumps for Cold Climate Heating, 201–48. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003029366-4.

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Kovács, Sándor J. „The heart as a pump: governing principles“. In ESC CardioMed, herausgegeben von Guido Grassi, 111–15. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0021.

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The pumping attributes of the heart remain active topics of investigation and mastery of how the heart functions as a pump is part of the fund of knowledge of physiologists and cardiologists. The advent of high-resolution, real-time imaging (computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging cardiac catheterization, two- and three-dimensional echocardiography) has continued to advance our understanding of how the four-chambered heart (left heart, right heart) works as it fills and as it empties. The insights that have evolved emanate from a conceptual framework based on motion (kinematics) of selected phases and portions of the four-chambered heart and the contents of the pericardial sac. Concepts include pressure pumping, volume pumping, constant-volume pumping, the relationship between atrial and ventricular function and atrial and ventricular indexes, the role of the heart as a suction pump, laws that govern isovolumic relaxation, and the relationship of intraventricular fluid mechanics to diastolic function and wall motion. Accordingly, by asking such questions as ‘What is the ejection fraction of the pericardial sack, and why does it have the numerical value it has?’ or ‘Why does the left atrium fill in two phases—one in systole and one in diastole?’ or ‘How is atrial conduit volume related to diastolic wall motion?’ one can gain new insights into pumping function. This chapter presents a simple, useful, yet powerful conceptual framework that can be used descriptively or mathematically to addresses these and other clinically important themes.

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Redko, Andriy, Oleksandr Redko und Ronald DiPippo. „Principles and operation of refrigeration and heat pump systems“. In Low-Temperature Energy Systems with Applications of Renewable Energy, 1–45. Elsevier, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-816249-1.00001-7.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Heat pump principle"

Liu, Lu. „Principle and characteristics of heat pump air conditioning system“. In MATERIALS SCIENCE, ENERGY TECHNOLOGY, AND POWER ENGINEERING I: 1st International Conference on Materials Science, Energy Technology, Power Engineering (MEP 2017). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4982396.

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Zhao, Tian, Yu-Chao Hua und Zeng-Yuan Guo. „THE ENTRANSY BASED ANALYSIS OF THE OPERATION PRINCIPLE OF THE ABSORPTION HEAT PUMP“. In International Heat Transfer Conference 16. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ihtc16.ecs.021771.

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Lu, Jia, und Yan Zhou. „Process Design of Heat Pump Evaporation Technology for Liquid Radioactive Waste Treatment“. In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-66989.

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The Site Radwaste Treatment Facility (SRTF) was to treat the liquid radioactive waste with high concentration of electrolytes in CAP1400 plant. Unlike the forced-circulation or natural-circulation evaporator, the waste was purified by evaporation process using heat pump principle in SRTF. This process combined the benefits of heat pump technology and the separation function of evaporation. This paper gave a brief description of the complete evaporation process. The main equipments of the process included pre-heater, evaporator, demister, steam compressor, and distillate tank. The whole system and each unit operation in the process were elaborately simulated based on energy balance. The results can be further used for equipments selection and design. Through the whole discussion of the heat pump evaporation process, it showed the heat pump evaporation process has remarkable energy efficiency and great advantages in equipment layout compared to traditional evaporation treatment for liquid radioactive waste.

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Bai, W., und W. D. Long. „Study on Feasible Gas Price Formulation Principle for BCHP in China“. In ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer and InterPACK09 Conferences. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2009-90083.

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Taking three cities in China — Shanghai, Beijing and Chengdu — as examples, under different power price and natural gas price policies, and at the same output level, this paper compares Building Cooling Heating and Power system (BCHP) with the other four cooling/heating sources systems by economic analysis. This paper calculates Life Cycle Cost (LCC) of the five systems to determine which the best is and which the worst is. The author compares the LCC of power-driven cooling/heating systems with that of gas-driven systems especially when power users should pay the basic electricity cost according to the maximum power demand (MPD) or transformer capacity. This paper defines price ratio of electric power to natural gas, builds first-order linear regression equation of equivalent uniform annual cost (EUAC) ratio of BCHP to power-driven air source heat pump to calculate the feasible price ratio of electric power to natural gas. Accordingly, the author suggests that government should give preferential natural gas price subsidies policies to BCHP users.

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Dilhaire, Stefan, Jean-Michel Rampnoux, Stephane Grauby, Gilles Pernot und Gaetan Calbris. „Nanoscale Thermal Transport Studied With Heterodyne Picosecond Thermoreflectance“. In ASME 2009 Second International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2009-18338.

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We present in this paper a new pump-probe thermore-flectance technique, which is called heterodyne as it uses two slightly frequency shifted lasers instead of a mechanical translation stage as used in the homodyne classical technique. The great advantage of the heterodyne technique is to avoid many artifacts leading to erroneous thermal parameter identifications. The principle and set-up are described as well as the model. Then, after presenting the identification procedure, it has been applied to the study of nanometric SiO2 layer.

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Chaudhuri, A., J. H. Yoo und N. M. Wereley. „Dynamic Modeling of Magnetostrictive Hydraulic Pump“. In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-15320.

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Recently, there has been substantial research on the development of a hybrid hydraulic pump driven by various smart materials. Piezo-hydraulic actuators have already been developed for potential use in smart rotor applications. However, at high actuation frequencies, piezo-stacks generate significant heat mainly due to the hysteresis losses that can deteriorate their performance and permanently damage the piezo material. In contrast, magnetostrictive materials are more robust than piezostacks, especially at high temperatures, while offering almost the same bandwidth and higher maximum induced strain when compared with piezoelectric stacks. Also, the magnetostrictive material usually has a particular frequency range where the hysteretic losses taking place are minimum and consequently the operation results in least heat generation. As a result, to operate the pump with higher flow rate with minimum heat generation and maximum efficiency, we need to know the system resonance. Moreover, the hybrid pump with smart material is mechanically more complex than a single rod actuator; consequently, it can have more than one resonant frequency depending on the number of degrees of freedom of the system. A hybrid pump using the magnetostrictive material Terfenol-D has been developed in our laboratory with hydraulic oil as the working fluid. Several key design parameters, which include output cylinder size, diaphragm thickness, reed valve thickness and tubing diameter, along with operational conditions, like input current and bias pressure within the fluid, have been varied to identify a set of optimum driving conditions. Tests at no-load have been carried out for unidirectional motion of the output piston. In this paper, we develop a dynamic model of the hydraulic hybrid actuator to show the basic operational principle and compare the simulated data with test results. The final target of this study is to find optimal operational frequency to get highest performance and also to predict the pump sizing for a desired output velocity and load lifting capability.

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Su, D. N., und K. M. Zhong. „Intelligence and Constant Flow: Small Flow Piston Pump Based on Linear Expansion of Thermosensitive Materials and Area Effect Stroke Amplifying Mechanism“. In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-66990.

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This paper elaborates on a small flow piston pump without high speed prime mover and intermediate mechanism. The pump is based on the thermal expansion and contraction property of many materials and quick cool-to-heat change technology of semiconductors. The minim linear elongation or contraction of the thermosensitive material, after an amplification of about 50 times by the area effect stroke amplifying mechanism based on the principle of fluid drive, is transformed into low reciprocating linear movement of the piston to realize the volumetric change needed by the pump. This new small flow piston pump has the following prominent strengths: (1) The structure of pump is very simple; (2) No noise pollution is generated absent of mechanism moving at a high speed; (3) It is very easy to seal the pump because of less joints of possible oil fluid leakage; (4) At any time, there is only one piston which is outputting oil fluid at a low speed, so it is very easy to make a small or micro flow pump; (5) Constant flow oil fluid can be output by parallelizing two pumps which are brought under intelligent control.

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Olszewski, Pawel. „Optimization of Working Ground Heat Storage With Seasonal Regeneration“. In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-14393.

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The aim of the research was an optimization of long-term heat storage with seasonal regeneration. Energy consumption for central heating during wintertime, transfererred from ground energy storage using a heat exchange device, is the operating principle of such systems. Warmed working fluid is then used in a heat pump system. However, more accurate calculations showed that over time of usage, there is a trend toward cooling at deeper round layers. Such a situation leads to a lowering of ground potential when using heat pump systems. A possible solution to this problem is the application of summer regeneration: during summer months, the working fluid is firstly warmed in solar collectors, and then forced into the same boreholes. The numerical model of a vertical, ground heat exchange device (configured as a "pipe in pipe", known as a Fields' pipe) was specially developed. Temperature distribution of the working fluid along the pipe was one of the boundary conditions, for the co-axial, time-variable, heat conduction task, which described the heat flow in energy storage. The numerical simulation of solar collectors work was based on the Hottel - Whillier - Bliss equation, in which energy flow from the solar collector is calculated, dependant on external parameters such as: insulation or ambience temperature. The combination of three computational parts- the ground heat exchange device, energy storage area and solar collectors battery- allows the target function to be defined for task optimization. The subject of optimization was an energy quantity, which can be taken from energy underground storage, and then utilized by the heat pump system. In the summarized paper, a combination of the input data, which influenced the efficiency of energy storage, was chosen. Hypothetical data were: outside diameter and length of heat exchange device, distance between pipes, fluid flow through the pipe during charge and discharge processes or temperature of inlet working fluid. The influence of individual parameters on the target function, holding all input data constant, was analyzed. A developed evolutionary numerical code known as GENOCOP I (GEnetic algorithm for Numerical Optimization for COnstrained Problems) [3] was used for optimization. After preliminary correction of boundary values of the input data, nine attempts of optimization were taken up. The research results identified optimal values of input parameters for which maximum energy could be taken from ground storage.

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Ngo, C. C., M. Sanghvi und J. Patel. „Electrohydrodynamics (EHD)-Induced Flow in Different Channel Configurations“. In ASME 2016 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2016 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2016-7704.

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Electrohydrodynamics (EHD) is the study of flow field induced by an electric field. The concept behind EHD is to transform electrical energy into kinetic energy. The induced kinetic energy can then be utilized for many applications such as chip-integrated cooling, drying in the food industry, reducing drag of aircrafts, spraying of dielectric material for printing, controlling particulate matter emissions as well as EHD thrusters and pumping. The focus of the present study is the use of EHD to induce flow in various channel configurations. The operation principle of an EHD pump is based on the interaction among electrically charged particles inside the dielectric fluid and their migration to the grounded plate. Corona discharge, produced by applied high voltage difference, is an electrical discharge brought on by the ionization of fluid surrounding the electrodes. For the current work, this applied voltage to the electrode is in the order of 10–30 kV generated by a DC power supply while the resulting electric current generated is very small in the order of μA to mA. EHD pumps are becoming more attractive for industrial application nowadays due to the lack of moving parts, simple and compact design with light structural weight as compared to conventional pumps or cooling fans. In addition, there is less operating noise and no vibration during the operation of EHD pumps. The main focus of our present work is to perform an experimental study to determine the induced flow rate at different applied voltages using various channel and wire electrode configurations. The basic experimental setup consists of an EHD pump test section, a high-voltage power supply, an air velocity transmitter and a data acquisition system. EHD pump test sections with different geometries of channel (e.g., circular, square and rectangular channels with the same cross-sectional area) along with different wire electrode configurations were constructed and tested. Measurements were taken from the corona threshold voltage to the sparkover voltage. The objective of the present study is to evaluate various designs of EHD pumps by comparing the EHD pumping efficiency.

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Wang, Qiang, Puzhen Gao, Xianbing Chen, Zhongyi Wang und Ying Huang. „Investigation on Heat Transfer Characteristics in the Test Section With Non-Uniform Heat Flux Distribution Under Natural Circulation“. In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-66870.

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Natural circulation served as an indispensable part of nuclear, attracted much more attentions in recent years. It does not need a pump to provide power. The operating principle of natural circulation caused its complexity in analysis process. It was still a difficult issue to reveal the law of natural circulation accurately. Many experiments and calculations had to be conducted to study the basic physical regulation. This paper concentrated upon the heat transfer characteristics in the test section with two different types of heat flux distribution. The two types of heating flux distribution in the test section were linear and chopped cosine along axial direction. Based on a natural circulation experimental facility, physical models and mathematic models were established. RELAP5 code was used to calculate the thermal hydraulic state of natural circulation loop. The variation of heat transfer coefficient along flow direction was different. It was tightly related to heat flux. Some relevant experiments were conducted in many different conditions and steady sate experimental data were achieved to verified theoretical calculations. Experimental data, such as water temperature, wall temperature and flow rate were recorded when the system is stable. The heat transfer coefficients were calculated according to the experimental data. The factors that affected the heat transfer characteristics of natural circulation were analyzed by comparing the heat transfer coefficient under different conditions. The heat transfer coefficient was calculated according to the empirical correlations as well. After a series of analysis, the results indicated heat transfer coefficient had an obvious difference, which influenced ability of natural circulation. Comparing with experimental data, the evaluation of different empirical correlations was conducted in two test sections. Some empirical correlations turned out to be suitable for the estimation of heat transfer in experiment facility. The increase of heat flux could enhance heat transfer process in the two test section under low pressure. Average heat transfer coefficient increased with the decrease of inlet subcooling degree. The system pressure effected the heat transfer characteristics of natural circulation as well. The increase of mass flux would promote heat transfer while the level was different. RELAP5 had a great agreement with experimental data in single phase flow. Natural circulation ability was influenced by the position of average heat source center, which was slightly different in the research objects. The research would lend strong empirical support to the guideline of experiment and subsequence study in natural circulation.

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