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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Health protective behaviour“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Health protective behaviour"
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Bermúdez, José. „Personality and health-protective behaviour“. European Journal of Personality 13, Nr. 2 (März 1999): 83–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0984(199903/04)13:2<83::aid-per338>3.0.co;2-m.
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Amankwah-Poku, Margaret. „COVID-19-related health behaviour changes among Ghanaians: applying the health belief model“. Second Edition in 2020 of the HSI Journal Volume 1 Issue 2 Publication 1, Nr. 2 (22.12.2020): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.46829/hsijournal.2020.12.1.2.135-138.
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Although the Coronavirus disease2019 (COVID-19)is a physical illness, it very much requires behavioural practices to prevent its infection and transmission. Coronavirus protective measures may sound simple to adhere to compared to chronic disease-related behavioural practices, but this is not the case. Understanding adherence to COVID-19-related health behaviours using the health belief model as an explanatory model, can help to design interventions for change and maintenance of this change. The health belief model posits that, practicing a health behaviour depends on the individual’s perceived susceptibility to a disease, his/her perceived severity of the disease, and the perceived benefits/cost of engaging in the health behaviour, all of which are prompted by internal and external cues to action. Some Ghanaians may believe they are not susceptible to the disease or may downplay the severity of the disease, and thus will be less likely to engage in the health behaviours to avoid COVID-19 infection. Again, if Ghanaians believe the cost of engaging in these behaviours outweigh the health benefits of adhering to the behaviours, then they are less likely to follow these health behaviours. Finally, internal (e.g. experiencing COVID-19 symptoms) and external (e.g. daily COVID-19 updates) cues may act as triggers to engaging in health behaviours. Ghanaians should be well educated about the coronavirus and well informed, to be equipped to adhere to the COVID-19 protective measures. Clinical and health psychologists should be engaged to champion behaviour change practices.
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Amankwah-Poku, Margaret. „COVID-19-related health behaviour changes among Ghanaians: applying the health belief model“. Second Edition in 2020 of the HSI Journal Volume 1 Issue 2 Publication 1, Nr. 2 (22.12.2020): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.46829/hsijournal.2020.12.1.2.135-138.
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Although the Coronavirus disease2019 (COVID-19)is a physical illness, it very much requires behavioural practices to prevent its infection and transmission. Coronavirus protective measures may sound simple to adhere to compared to chronic disease-related behavioural practices, but this is not the case. Understanding adherence to COVID-19-related health behaviours using the health belief model as an explanatory model, can help to design interventions for change and maintenance of this change. The health belief model posits that, practicing a health behaviour depends on the individual’s perceived susceptibility to a disease, his/her perceived severity of the disease, and the perceived benefits/cost of engaging in the health behaviour, all of which are prompted by internal and external cues to action. Some Ghanaians may believe they are not susceptible to the disease or may downplay the severity of the disease, and thus will be less likely to engage in the health behaviours to avoid COVID-19 infection. Again, if Ghanaians believe the cost of engaging in these behaviours outweigh the health benefits of adhering to the behaviours, then they are less likely to follow these health behaviours. Finally, internal (e.g. experiencing COVID-19 symptoms) and external (e.g. daily COVID-19 updates) cues may act as triggers to engaging in health behaviours. Ghanaians should be well educated about the coronavirus and well informed, to be equipped to adhere to the COVID-19 protective measures. Clinical and health psychologists should be engaged to champion behaviour change practices.
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Gruijters, Stefan L. K., Joshua M. Tybur, Robert A. C. Ruiter und Karlijn Massar. „Sex, germs, and health: pathogen-avoidance motives and health-protective behaviour“. Psychology & Health 31, Nr. 8 (06.04.2016): 959–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2016.1161194.
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Kristjánsson, S., Á. R. Helgason, I. Rosdahl, L.-E. Holm und H. Ullén. „Readiness to change sun-protective behaviour“. European Journal of Cancer Prevention 10, Nr. 3 (Juni 2001): 289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008469-200106000-00014.
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Mikucka, Malgorzata, und Radoslaw Antczak. „Role of individual characteristics and national distancing policies for COVID-19 protective behaviour among older adults: a cross-sectional study of 27 European countries“. BMJ Open 13, Nr. 2 (Februar 2023): e060291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060291.
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ObjectiveEvidence on how individual characteristics and distancing policies during the first wave of COVID-19 together influenced health behaviours is scarce. The objective of this study is to fill in this gap by studying how the propensity to engage in protective behaviours in Europe was shaped by the interplay of individual characteristics and national policies.DesignData on individual behaviour in 27 countries came from the ‘Corona Survey’ module of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, collected in summer 2020. As outcomes, we considered avoidant behaviours (never leaving home, reducing frequency of walks and reducing frequency of social meetings) and preventive behaviour (wearing a face mask). Among relevant policies, we considered stay-at-home restrictions, mask wearing policies and gathering restrictions. Individual characteristics comprised gender, health risk of COVID-19 (older age and poor health) and activity (employment and providing help to other households).ParticipantsNationally representative samples of older adults (50 years and over), n=51 540 respondents (58% of women).ResultsActive people (employed and helping other households) were more likely to wear face masks but less likely to use avoidant behaviours. People at health risk (older people and those in poor health) were more likely to use all types of protective behaviours. Protective behaviours were also more frequent among women than among men. Longer duration of distancing polices correlated with more frequent protective behaviours. Distancing policies reduced social differences in the rate of protective behaviours only in case of social meetings and mask wearing.ConclusionsProtective behaviours responded to distancing policies, but our results suggest that people used them voluntarily, especially if they were at health risk.
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Weinstein, Neil D., und Judith E. Lyon. „Mindset, optimistic bias about personal risk and health-protective behaviour“. British Journal of Health Psychology 4, Nr. 4 (November 1999): 289–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1348/135910799168641.
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Spitzer, Sonja, Mujaheed Shaikh und Daniela Weber. „Older Europeans’ health perception and their adaptive behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic“. European Journal of Public Health 32, Nr. 2 (03.01.2022): 322–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckab221.
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Abstract Background Although older adults are more vulnerable to the COVID-19 virus, a significant proportion of them do not follow recommended guidelines concerning preventive actions during the ongoing pandemic. This article analyses the role of biased health beliefs for adaptive health behaviour such as reduced mobility, protection in public spaces and hygiene measures, for the population aged 50 and older in 13 European countries. Methods Health perception is measured based on the difference between self-reported health and physical performance tests for over 24 000 individuals included in the most recent Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. Logistic regressions are employed to explore how over- and underestimating health are related to preventive behaviours. Results Results suggest that older adults who underestimate their health are more likely to show adaptive behaviour related to mobility reductions. In particular, they are more likely to stay at home, shop less and go for walks less often. In contrast, overestimating health is not significantly associated with reduced mobility. Protective behaviour in public spaces and adopting hygiene measures do not vary systematically between health perception groups. Conclusion As health beliefs appear relevant for the adoption of preventive health behaviours related to mobility, they have serious consequences for the health and well-being of older Europeans. Although adaptive behaviour helps to contain the virus, exaggerated mobility reduction in those who underestimate their health might be contributing to the already high social isolation and loneliness of older adults during the ongoing pandemic.
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Starič, Jože, Risto Rautiainen, Jarkko Leppälä, Nataša Janev Holcer, Jožica Ježek, Kristina Drusany Starič und Jaka Jakob Hodnik. „Safety culture regarding zoonoses on domestic ruminant farms“. Veterinarska stanica 51, Nr. 2 (27.03.2020): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.46419/vs.51.2.10.
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Veterinarians in buiatric practice, alongside veterinary care and animal welfare, are also responsible for protecting assisting personnel and those working on the holding from zoonoses. Therefore, they need to be knowledgeable about common zoonotic diseases of ruminants, in particular, and protection from their contraction. Veterinarians should know which zoonotic diseases are present in their country and neighbouring countries to be prepared to advise. Zoonotic diseases of ruminants often show no typical clinical presentation, so awareness of self-protective behaviour when dealing with animals in the prevention of zoonoses is very important. This article provides a review of the common zoonoses of domestic ruminants in South-East Europe that are transmitted when handling animals, and their manner of transmission to humans. Safety culture in ruminant production relates to employee attitudes and behaviour concerning health and safety, which also has a significant impact on zoonosis prevention. Improving the safety culture among livestock sector workers and worker behaviours that prevent the risk of zoonoses are also discussed.
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Ho, Robert. „Predicting Intention for Protective Health Behaviour: A test of the Protection versus the Ordered Protection Motivation Model“. Australian Journal of Psychology 52, Nr. 2 (August 2000): 110–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049530008255376.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDissertationen zum Thema "Health protective behaviour"
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Chrispin, Catherine Anna. „Psychological issues related to sun exposure and skin protective behaviour“. Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365936.
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Charters, Kathleen Anne. „Putting health behaviour theory into context and context into health behaviour theory. : COVID-19 through the health psychology looking glass“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024EHES0042.
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La pandémie de COVID-19 a mis en évidence l'importance des comportements de prévention pour réduire la propagation de la maladie et le fardeau sanitaire associé. Comprendre les déterminants psychologiques qui motivent l'engagement comportemental est donc essentiel dans un contexte épidémique. Au début de la pandémie, relativement peu de recherches portaient sur la dynamique de la réponse comportementale humaine face à cette menace épidémique en constante évolution. Cette recherche a cherché à combler cette lacune dans la littérature, d'abord en examinant les théories psychosociales des comportements de prévention existantes dans le contexte de la pandémie, et ensuite en élargissant cette base théorique pour tenir compte des effets de la situation épidémique, mettant ainsi les comportements de prévention en contexte et intégrant le contexte dans la théorie des comportements de prévention. La première partie de la recherche doctorale porte sur deux problématiques relatives aux comportements de santé qui préoccupaient les chercheurs et les autorités sanitaires : l'optimisme irréaliste et la compensation du risque. Les résultats de la première étude transversale répétée (N=12378), menée avant, au début et au pic de la première vague épidémique (février–avril 2020) en France, en Italie, au Royaume-Uni et en Suisse, ont indiqué que les participants de ces quatre pays devenaient de plus en plus optimistes de manière irréaliste avec le temps et que cette tendance était associée à un désengagement comportemental. Les résultats de la deuxième étude (N=14003) menée au cours des huit premiers mois du campagne vaccinale en France (février–septembre 2021) suggèrent l’existence d’une faible compensation du risque observable vers la fin de la campagne, en particulier s’agissant de l'évitement des rassemblements sociaux, parmi les participants présentant un schéma vaccinale complet. Puisque les résultats de ces premières études indiquaient que le contexte épidémique influençait la perception du risque et l'adhésion aux mesures de contrôle, nous avons cherché à caractériser dans la deuxième partie de la thèse l'effet du contexte épidémiologique sur les déterminants sociocognitifs des comportements de prévention, comblant ainsi une lacune dans la recherche dans ce domaine. Dix-sept enquêtes bimensuelles ont été menées sur neuf mois (mars–novembre 2020, N=34016).Une analyse de regression multiniveaux a révélé une association entre le contexte épidémiologique et les comportements de prévention, le temps modérant toutefois l'effet de l'incidence sur le comportement. Ensuite, une analyse plus approfondie des pistes causales a indiqué que l'effet du contexte épidémiologique sur le comportement n’était que partiellement médié par des variables sociocognitives. Étonnamment, à l'exception des normes sociales perçues, les variables de cognition sociale traditionnellement considérées comme déterminant de la réponse comportementale, ont peu contribué à la médiation de la relation entre le contexte épidémiologique et le comportement. Les implications pour la théorie, de futures recherches, ainsi que la pratique et la politique en matière de santé publique, sont discutées. Les résultats de cette recherche soulignent la nécessité de renforcer la théorie, tout en l'examinant, en la testant et en l'élargissant dans des contextes divers et variés. À travers l’élargissement de la théorie existante à une épidémie d'une maladie infectieuse émergente, la COVID-19, cette recherche explore les différents facteurs d'influence et les mécanismes causaux potentiellement impliqués dans le processus psychologique complexe et dynamique d'évaluation du risque et l'engagement comportemental qui en résulte. En plaçant la théorie dans son contexte et le contexte dans la théorie, cette recherche doctorale cherche à faire progresser la théorie, apportant ainsi une contribution significative au domaine de la recherche sur les comportements de prévention en matière de santéThe COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of health protective behaviours in reducing disease spread and subsequent health burden. Understanding the psychological determinants motivating behavioural engagement is therefore critical in an epidemic and pandemic setting. At the time of the pandemic outbreak, relatively little research attention had focused on the dynamics of human behavioural response to an unfolding, constantly evolving epidemic threat. This doctoral research therefore sought to address this gap in the literature firstly by investigating existing theory in the COVID-19 context, and secondly by expanding upon existing theory to account for the epidemic setting, thereby putting health behaviour theory into context and context into health behaviour theory. To this end, the first part of the doctoral research investigated two health behaviour issues of concern to researchers and health authorities: unrealistic optimism and risk compensation. Findings from the first repeated cross-sectional study (N=12,378), conducted at pre-, early and peak first-wave epidemic stages (February–April 2020) in France, Italy, Switzerland and the United Kingdom, indicated that people across all four countries became increasingly unrealistically optimistic over time and that this was associated with behavioural disengagement. Results of the second study (N=14,003) during the initial eight months of the vaccine rollout in France (February–September 2021), suggested risk compensation occurred towards the end of the vaccine rollout, particularly towards avoidance of social gatherings among those with a completed vaccination schedule.As results from these initial studies suggested that the epidemic setting influenced risk appraisal and adherence to mitigation measures, and addressing a gap in the literature due to the paucity of research in this area, the second part of the doctoral study explored the effect of the epidemiological context on behaviour and the social cognitive pathways involved. Seventeen bi-monthly surveys were conducted over nine months (March–November 2020, N=34,016). Multilevel analysis revealed that there was an association between the epidemiological context and protective behaviour, with time serving to moderate the effect of incidence on behaviour. Further pathway analysis indicated that the effect of the epidemiological context on behaviour was only partially mediated by social cognitive variables. Surprisingly, with the exception of perceived social norms, which made the greatest mediational contribution, social cognitions commonly and repeatedly found to predict behavioural response contrastingly contributed little to mediating the epidemiological context–behaviour relationship. Implications for theory, future research, public health policy and practice are discussed. Above all, these research findings highlight the need to nurture theory by examining, testing and expanding upon it in different contexts. Through its extension of extant theory to an epidemic of an emerging infectious disease, COVID-19, the current investigation explored the underlying layers of influence and possible causal mechanisms involved in the complex and dynamic psychological process of risk appraisal and behavioural engagement. By putting theory into context and context into theory, this doctoral research sought to nourish and advance theory, thereby making a significant contribution to the field of health behaviour research
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Wilson, Lee-Ann Margaret. „A cross-discipline and collaborative approach to identifying the predictors of environmentally friendly and health protective behaviour“. Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2012. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/63940/1/Lee-Ann_Wilson_Thesis.pdf.
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Background.
As a society, our interaction with the environment is having a negative impact on human health. For example, an increase in car use for short trips, over walking or cycling, has contributed to an increase in obesity, diabetes and poor heart health and also contributes to pollution, which is associated with asthma and other respiratory diseases. In order to change the nature of that interaction, to be more positive and healthy, it is recommended that individuals adopt a range of environmentally friendly behaviours (such as walking for transport and reducing the use of plastics). Effective interventions aimed at increasing such behaviours will need to be evidence based and there is a need for the rapid communication of information from the point of research, into policy and practice. Further, a number of health disciplines, including psychology and public health, share a common mission to promote health and well-being. Therefore, the objective of this project is to take a cross-discipline and collaborative approach to reveal psychological mechanisms driving environmentally friendly behaviour. This objective is further divided into three broad aims, the first of which is to take a cross-discipline and collaborative approach to research. The second aim is to explore and identify the salient beliefs which most strongly predict environmentally friendly behaviour. The third aim is to build an augmented model to explain environmentally friendly behaviour. The thesis builds on the understanding that an interdisciplinary collaborative approach will facilitate the rapid transfer of knowledge to inform behaviour change interventions.
Methods.
The application of this approach involved two surveys which explored the psycho-social predictors of environmentally friendly behaviour. Following a qualitative pilot study, and in collaboration with an expert panel comprising academics, industry professionals and government representatives, a self-administered, Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) based, mail survey was distributed to a random sample of 3000 residents of Brisbane and Moreton Bay Region (Queensland, Australia). This survey explored specific beliefs including attitudes, norms, perceived control, intention and behaviour, as well as environmental altruism and green identity, in relation to walking for transport and switching off lights when not in use. Following analysis of the mail survey data and based on feedback from participants and key stakeholders, an internet survey was employed (N=451) to explore two additional behaviours, switching off appliances at the wall when not in use, and shopping with reusable bags. This work is presented as a series of interrelated publications which address each of the research aims.
Presentation of Findings.
Chapter five of this thesis consists of a published paper which addresses the first aim of the research and outlines the collaborative and multidisciplinary approach employed in the mail survey. The paper argued that forging alliances with those who are in a position to immediately utilise the findings of research has the potential to improve the quality and timely communication of research. Illustrating this timely communication, Chapter six comprises a report presented to Moreton Bay Regional Council (MBRC). This report addresses aim's one and two. The report contains a summary of participation in a range of environmentally friendly behaviours and identifies the beliefs which most strongly predicted walking for transport and switching off lights (from the mail survey). These salient beliefs were then recommended as targets for interventions and included: participants believing that they might save money; that their neighbours also switch off lights; that it would be inconvenient to walk for transport and that their closest friend also walks for transport. Chapter seven also addresses the second aim and presents a published conference paper in which the salient beliefs predicting the four specified behaviours (from both surveys) are identified and potential applications for intervention are discussed. Again, a range of TPB based beliefs, including descriptive normative beliefs, were predictive of environmentally friendly behaviour. This paper was also provided to MBRC, along with recommendations for applying the findings. For example, as descriptive normative beliefs were consistently correlated with environmentally friendly behaviour, local councils could engage in marketing and interventions (workshops, letter box drops, internet promotions) which encourage parents and friends to model, rather than simply encourage, environmentally friendly behaviour. The final two papers, presented in Chapters eight and nine, addresses the third aim of the project. These papers each present two behaviours together to inform a TPB based theoretical model with which to predict environmentally friendly behaviour. A generalised model is presented, which is found to predict the four specific behaviours under investigation. The role of demographics was explored across each of the behaviour specific models. It was found that some behaviour's differ by age, gender, income or education. In particular, adjusted models predicted more of the variance in walking for transport amongst younger participants and females. Adjusted models predicted more variance in switching off lights amongst those with a bachelor degree or higher and predicted more variance in switching off appliances amongst those on a higher income. Adjusted models predicted more variance in shopping with reusable bags for males, people 40 years or older, those on a higher income and those with a bachelor degree or higher. However, model structure and general predictability was relatively consistent overall. The models provide a general theoretical framework from which to better understand the motives and predictors of environmentally friendly behaviour.
Conclusion.
This research has provided an example of the benefits of a collaborative interdisciplinary approach. It has identified a number of salient beliefs which can be targeted for social marketing campaigns and educational initiatives; and these findings, along with recommendations, have been passed on to a local council to be used as part of their ongoing community engagement programs. Finally, the research has informed a practical model, as well as behaviour specific models, for predicting sustainable living behaviours. Such models can highlight important core constructs from which targeted interventions can be designed. Therefore, this research represents an important step in undertaking collaborative approaches to improving population health through human-environment interactions.
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Nylander, Charlotte. „Protective factors, health-risk behaviours and the impact of coexisting ADHD among adolescents with diabetes and other chronic conditions“. Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Pediatrik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-282964.
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Mental health problems are increasing in Swedish adolescents and mortality rates are higher in this age group than among younger. 10-20% of all adolescents suffer from a chronic medical condition (CC). Few protective factors (PF) and clustering of health-risk behaviours (HRB) are frequent among adolescents with CCs. One of the most common CC in Swedish adolescents is type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Metabolic control often deteriorates during adolescence, especially in girls. Poor metabolic control is associated with increased risk for long-term complications, of which cognitive problems are common. However, the implication of cognitive/executive problems in patients with T1DM has not been sufficiently studied. Neither has the impact of neurodevelopmental problems (NDP), such as ADHD, on HRB in adolescents with CCs been analysed. Methods: In paper I and II the questionnaire ”Life and Health in Youth” was distributed to all students in year nine and year two of the upper secondary school in the county of Sörmland, 2008 (n=5771) and 2011 (n=5550). Adolescents with CCs were compared to healthy peers with regard to PFs and HRBs. In paper III, the ”Five to Fifteen” questionnaire was used in 175 paediatric patients with T1DM. Patients with indications of NDPs were compared with patients without such problems with regard to metabolic control. In paper IV, the BRIEF questionnaire and the ADHD Rating Scale as well as data from the Swedish Childhood Diabetes Registry was used in 241 adolescents with T1DM. Patients with indications of executive problems were compared with patients without such problems with regard to diabetes control. Results: CCs were associated with few PFs and clustered HRBs. The combination of CCs and low numbers of PFs was found to be associated with an increased risk of clustered HRBs. In the presence of coexisting ADHD the pattern of few PFs and clustering of HRBs was aggravated. ADHD was more common among adolescents with other CCs. Definite memory and learning problems as well as mild executive problems were associated with poor metabolic control, especially among adolescents. Executive problems were also associated with many outpatient visits and low physical activity. Girls with T1DM tended to self-report executive problems to a larger extent than boys, while parents more often reported these problems in boys. Conclusion: Knowledge about factors influencing treatment adherence and life in general is essential in the work with chronically ill adolescents. Focus must be put on enhancing PFs in order to avoid HRBs. Identification of coexisting NDPs, such as ADHD, is crucial, since such problems can adversely influence treatment adherence, HRBs and school achievements
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Johansson, AnnaKarin. „Passive Smoking in Children : The Importance of Parents’ Smoking and Use of Protective Measures“. Doctoral thesis, Linköping, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-5174.
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Arnold, Laurence. „Comparing the utility of the Theory of Planned Behaviour and the Health Belief Model in understanding and promoting the use of protective helmets among school-age cyclists“. Thesis, University of Kent, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310196.
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McGinty, Heather L. „Predicting Fear of Recurrence and Protective Health Behaviors Using Protection Motivation Theory“. Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3631.
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Prior research suggests that fear of cancer recurrence is very common among cancer survivors. This study examined the extent to which Protection Motivation Theory variables of threat appraisal and coping appraisal accounted for differences in fear of recurrence and performance of health behaviors in cancer patients who recently completed treatment. It was hypothesized that greater fear of recurrence would be related to a combination of high threat appraisal and low coping appraisal. Also, it was hypothesized that higher rates of health behaviors would be related to higher threat appraisals for cancer recurrence and higher coping appraisals for reducing risk of recurrence by improving diet or exercising. A sample of 155 early-stage breast cancer patients (mean age = 59 years) who completed surgery, chemotherapy, and/or radiotherapy between 6-24 months previously (mean = 12 months) completed measures of fear of recurrence, threat appraisal (perceived risk and severity of a potential cancer recurrence), fruit and vegetable intake in the past month, exercise for the past week, and coping appraisal (perceived response efficacy and self-efficacy to perform diet and exercise recommendations to reduce recurrence risk). Basic demographic and clinical information was also collected. The study findings supported the hypothesis that the
combination of threat and coping appraisal beliefs explain which breast cancer survivors report higher fear of recurrence. However, the observed results did not support the hypothesized interaction between threat and coping appraisal for predicting either diet or exercise habits. Instead, coping appraisal alone predicted both fruit and vegetable consumption and exercise habits. Future research should focus on examining these relationships longitudinally and further assess coping appraisal and how it impacts fear of recurrence.
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Išganaitytė, Giedrė. „Vaikų globos namuose gyvenančių paauglių psichologinio atsparumo ir sveikatai palankaus elgesio sąsajos“. Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120201_134000-19824.
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Šiame darbe atlikto tyrimo tikslas - išanalizuoti vaikų globos namuose gyvenančių paauglių psichologinio atsparumo ir sveikatai palankaus elgesio sąsajas.
Tyrime dalyvavo 173 paaugliai, gyvenantys aštuoniuose vaikų globos namuose visoje Lietuvoje. Tyrime dalyvavo paaugliai nuo 11 iki 18 metų, 90 (52 %) berniukų ir 83 (48 %) mergaitės.
Šiam tyrimui atlikti buvo sudarytas 99 klausimų klausimynas. Klausimynas susidėjo iš dviejų dalių. Pirmoji dalis buvo sudaryta remiantis The California Healthy Kids Survey klausimyno 2010 – 2011 metų moduliu B ir skirta ištirti paauglių psichologinio atsparumo ypatumus. Antroji dalis sudaryta remiantis Health Behavior Questionaire (Jessor, Donovan, Costa, 1992) pagrindu. Ja buvo siekiama išsiaiškinti paauglių sveikatai palankaus elgesio ypatumus.
Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad didėjant vaikų globos namuose gyvenančių paauglių psichologiniam atsparumui, daugėja sveikatai palankaus elgesio. Labiausiai vaikų globos namuose gyvenančių paauglių sveikatai palankus elgesys yra susijęs su namų, draugų, asmenybės apsauginiais veiksniais, o mažiausiai – su mokyklos bei visuomenės apsauginiais veiksniais.
Taip pat didėjantis vaikų globos namuose gyvenančių paauglių psichologinis atsparumas susijęs su mažėjančiu paauglių rūkymu, alkoholio bei narkotinių medžiagų vartojimu, su geresniu paauglio mitybos dienos režimu bei tuo, ar paaugliui rūpi, kad jo maistas būtų sveikas. Be to, didėjant vaikų globos namuose gyvenančių paauglių psichologiniam atsparumui... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The aim of the study was to explore links between psychological resilience and positive health behaviour of adolescence in foster care. The subjects of the study were 173 adolescences, living in eight foster care homes in all Lithuania. Adolescences were from 11 till 18 years old, 90 (52 %) boys and 83 (48 %) girls. Questionnaire of 99 questions was made special for this study. Questionnaire consisted of two parts. First part of questionnaire was made by example of The California Healthy Kids Survey 2010 – 2011, module B. It was intended to explore psychological resilience’s features of adolescences in foster care. Second part of questionnaire was made by example of Health Behaviour Questionnaire (Jessor, Donovan, Costa, 1992) and it was intended to explore positive health behaviour’s features of adolescences in foster care. The results of the study showed that increasing of psychological resilience of adolescences in foster care is related with increasing of positive health behaviour. Positive health behaviour of adolescences in foster care, was related with protective factors of home, friends, personality most of all. Positive health behaviour of adolescences in foster care was related with protective factors of school and society least of all. Increasing of psychological resilience of adolescences in foster care is related with decreasing consumption of drugs, cigarettes, alcohol. Also increasing of psychological resilience of adolescences in foster care is related with... [to full text]
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McDowell, Janis Kathleen. „Recovery following an acute myocardial infarction : impact on the quality of life of patients and their partners“. Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2002. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15817/1/Janis_McDowell_Thesis.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the industrialised world, and places a heavy burden on society in terms of personal disability and health care costs. The first signs of CHD often present acutely as a myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack. Survivors of a heart attack remain vulnerable to poor health-related quality of life (HRQOL), further cardiac events, and increased morbidity due to a progression of CHD. Thus, the implementation of interventions to reduce these risks is an important public health strategy. To date, secondary prevention and rehabilitation efforts post-AMI focus primarily on the patient. However, it is argued that recovery from AMI occurs within a social context, and that risk reduction strategies are likely to be enhanced if interventions take into account the impact of the event on the quality of life of patients and their partners. Evidence from a review of couple relationship literature indicates that a significant proportion of couples experiences poor HRQOL (i.e., physical and emotional wellbeing) when coping with stressful life events, and that interactive aspects of a couple relationship (i.e., dyadic functioning and behaviour) are associated with individual well-being at such a time. Information from studies of couples dealing with recovery from heart attack is sparse, but tends to reflect the findings from the broader literature. Further research is required with post-AMI couples, though, as there are a number of shortcomings associated with the existing evidence. For instance, it is derived from studies conducted with, mostly small, samples of convenience; many different instruments are used to collect the data; and no studies specifically measure HRQOL. Analytically, most evidence is obtained with univariate and bivariate statistics, and data are analysed as groups of patients or partners, as opposed to dyads. Where multivariable analyses are undertaken a number of bivariate relationships are no longer significant after accounting for covariates such as age and gender; and few researchers investigate predictive associations between dyadic functioning/behaviour and HRQOL outcomes. Finally, there is a paucity of information from comparative analyses. Thus, it is not known whether the well-being of post-AMI couples over time is better than, similar to, or worse than, for example, that in the general population. The research program underpinning this thesis, the QUT-AMI Project, comprised two studies designed to address these methodological issues. The first was an observational, cross-sectional, pilot study conducted in 1998 with 26 post-AMI couples. The main investigation was a prospective cohort study of 93 post-AMI couples undertaken in 1999-2000. In both studies the samples comprised a consecutive series of adult males younger than 75 years who had experienced a first AMI, and their female partners. The average couple in both studies was middle-aged, had been married for many years, and both members of the dyad were working at the time of the heart attack. Prospective participants were identified in major clinical centres that admit cardiac patients, and couples were recruited to the project soon after the patient's heart attack. Clinical data were collected in hospital. Further data were collected with self-administered questionnaires during a home visit at 1 month (pilot and main study), and by mailed questionnaire or during a home visit at 6 months(main study) after the heart attack. The pilot study was undertaken to test recruitment and data collection procedures in preparation for the second (main) study, measure couples' HRQOL at 1 month after the event using the SF-36, and qualitatively investigate life issues for couples coping with recovery from AMI. In the main study couples' HRQOL outcomes were measured at 1 and 6 months post-AMI using the SF-36, and examined for changes over that time. The outcomes were also compared with those from matched population norms to estimate the impact of a heart attack on couples' HRQOL during the early and later recovery period. Additionally, the following relationships were investigated to determine the extent to which:* patients' dyadic functioning (e.g. happiness/satisfaction with relationship, measured with the Marital Adjustment Scale) and use of dyadic behaviour (e.g., hiding concerns and negative feelings from the other member of the dyad, measured with the Protective Buffering Scale) at 1 month predicted patients' emotional well-being at 6 months post-AMI;* partners' dyadic functioning and behaviour at 1 month predicted partners' emotional well-being at 6 months post-AMI;* patients' and partners' dyadic functioning at 1 month predicted patients' or partners' emotional well-being at 6 months post-AMI; and* patients' and partners' dyadic behaviour at 1 month predicted patients' or partners' emotional well-being at 6 months post-AMI. Exploratory analyses were also undertaken to determine the effect of dyadic discrepancies in functioning and behaviour, at 1 month after the heart attack, on patients' and partners' emotional well-being at 6 months after the event. Important findings were as follows:* At 1 month after an AMI the HRQOL of couples is impaired. The major impact is on physical well-being for patients, and emotional well-being for their partners.* In general, couples' HRQOL improves between 1 and 6 months after an AMI.* At 6 months after an AMI, the HRQOL of average couples is similar to that of their peers in the normal population.* There are subgroup variations in the quality of life of post-AMI couples, and these are associated with age, clinically poor physical health, and depression.* The combination of patients' and partners' use of dyadic behaviour at 1 month after an AMI explains 7% of the variation in patients' emotional well-being at 6months after the event, after adjustment for patients' concurrent physical wellbeing and prior levels of emotional well-being, as well as duration of couple relationships.* The combination of partners' perceptions of dyadic functioning and use of dyadic behaviour at 1 month after an AMI explains 5% of the variation in partners' emotional well-being at 6 months after the event, after adjustment for partners' concurrent physical well-being and prior levels of emotional well-being, as well as duration of couples' relationships.* Patients have poorer emotional well-being at 6 months after an AMI if partners use dyadic behaviour infrequently at 1 month after the event.* Partners have poorer emotional well-being at 6 months after an AMI if they are not satisfied/unhappy with the functioning of their relationships at 1 month after the event. Adjusted exploratory analyses, undertaken to determine the extent to which dyadic discrepancies in perceptions of functioning or use of protective buffering behaviour, predict emotional well-being, show that patients who are less satisfied/unhappier with functioning than their partners at 1 month after an AMI have poor emotional wellbeing at 6 months after the event; patients who use the behaviour more frequently than their partners at 1 month after an AMI have poor emotional well-being at 6months after the event; and partners who are less satisfied/unhappier with functioning than their patients at 1 month after an AMI have poor emotional well-being at 6months after the event. The evidence from the QUT-AMI Project supports the proposition that the interaction that occurs within a couple relationship, combined with individual characteristics of members of a dyad, influences the extent to which a heart attack impacts on couples' HRQOL. It is argued that it is not enough to merely focus on implementing secondary prevention strategies with post-AMI patients. Given that poor emotional well-being is known to predict adverse cardiac events, and premature mortality due to cardiac disease, it is recommended that a couple-focused intervention designed to meet specific needs should be implemented with at-risk couples as a public health strategy to improve not only the patients' quality of life but also that of his partner. Further research is recommended to determine the extent to which such an intervention improves post-AMI couples' quality of life.
10
McDowell, Janis Kathleen. „Recovery following an acute myocardial infarction : impact on the quality of life of patients and their parnters“. Queensland University of Technology, 2002. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15817/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the industrialised world, and places a heavy burden on society in terms of personal disability and health care costs. The first signs of CHD often present acutely as a myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack. Survivors of a heart attack remain vulnerable to poor health-related quality of life (HRQOL), further cardiac events, and increased morbidity due to a progression of CHD. Thus, the implementation of interventions to reduce these risks is an important public health strategy. To date, secondary prevention and rehabilitation efforts post-AMI focus primarily on the patient. However, it is argued that recovery from AMI occurs within a social context, and that risk reduction strategies are likely to be enhanced if interventions take into account the impact of the event on the quality of life of patients and their partners. Evidence from a review of couple relationship literature indicates that a significant proportion of couples experiences poor HRQOL (i.e., physical and emotional wellbeing) when coping with stressful life events, and that interactive aspects of a couple relationship (i.e., dyadic functioning and behaviour) are associated with individual well-being at such a time. Information from studies of couples dealing with recovery from heart attack is sparse, but tends to reflect the findings from the broader literature. Further research is required with post-AMI couples, though, as there are a number of shortcomings associated with the existing evidence. For instance, it is derived from studies conducted with, mostly small, samples of convenience; many different instruments are used to collect the data; and no studies specifically measure HRQOL. Analytically, most evidence is obtained with univariate and bivariate statistics, and data are analysed as groups of patients or partners, as opposed to dyads. Where multivariable analyses are undertaken a number of bivariate relationships are no longer significant after accounting for covariates such as age and gender; and few researchers investigate predictive associations between dyadic functioning/behaviour and HRQOL outcomes. Finally, there is a paucity of information from comparative analyses. Thus, it is not known whether the well-being of post-AMI couples over time is better than, similar to, or worse than, for example, that in the general population. The research program underpinning this thesis, the QUT-AMI Project, comprised two studies designed to address these methodological issues. The first was an observational, cross-sectional, pilot study conducted in 1998 with 26 post-AMI couples. The main investigation was a prospective cohort study of 93 post-AMI couples undertaken in 1999-2000. In both studies the samples comprised a consecutive series of adult males younger than 75 years who had experienced a first AMI, and their female partners. The average couple in both studies was middle-aged, had been married for many years, and both members of the dyad were working at the time of the heart attack. Prospective participants were identified in major clinical centres that admit cardiac patients, and couples were recruited to the project soon after the patient's heart attack. Clinical data were collected in hospital. Further data were collected with self-administered questionnaires during a home visit at 1 month (pilot and main study), and by mailed questionnaire or during a home visit at 6 months(main study) after the heart attack. The pilot study was undertaken to test recruitment and data collection procedures in preparation for the second (main) study, measure couples' HRQOL at 1 month after the event using the SF-36, and qualitatively investigate life issues for couples coping with recovery from AMI. In the main study couples' HRQOL outcomes were measured at 1 and 6 months post-AMI using the SF-36, and examined for changes over that time. The outcomes were also compared with those from matched population norms to estimate the impact of a heart attack on couples' HRQOL during the early and later recovery period. Additionally, the following relationships were investigated to determine the extent to which:* patients' dyadic functioning (e.g. happiness/satisfaction with relationship, measured with the Marital Adjustment Scale) and use of dyadic behaviour (e.g., hiding concerns and negative feelings from the other member of the dyad, measured with the Protective Buffering Scale) at 1 month predicted patients' emotional well-being at 6 months post-AMI;* partners' dyadic functioning and behaviour at 1 month predicted partners' emotional well-being at 6 months post-AMI;* patients' and partners' dyadic functioning at 1 month predicted patients' or partners' emotional well-being at 6 months post-AMI; and* patients' and partners' dyadic behaviour at 1 month predicted patients' or partners' emotional well-being at 6 months post-AMI. Exploratory analyses were also undertaken to determine the effect of dyadic discrepancies in functioning and behaviour, at 1 month after the heart attack, on patients' and partners' emotional well-being at 6 months after the event. Important findings were as follows:* At 1 month after an AMI the HRQOL of couples is impaired. The major impact is on physical well-being for patients, and emotional well-being for their partners.* In general, couples' HRQOL improves between 1 and 6 months after an AMI.* At 6 months after an AMI, the HRQOL of average couples is similar to that of their peers in the normal population.* There are subgroup variations in the quality of life of post-AMI couples, and these are associated with age, clinically poor physical health, and depression.* The combination of patients' and partners' use of dyadic behaviour at 1 month after an AMI explains 7% of the variation in patients' emotional well-being at 6months after the event, after adjustment for patients' concurrent physical wellbeing and prior levels of emotional well-being, as well as duration of couple relationships.* The combination of partners' perceptions of dyadic functioning and use of dyadic behaviour at 1 month after an AMI explains 5% of the variation in partners' emotional well-being at 6 months after the event, after adjustment for partners' concurrent physical well-being and prior levels of emotional well-being, as well as duration of couples' relationships.* Patients have poorer emotional well-being at 6 months after an AMI if partners use dyadic behaviour infrequently at 1 month after the event.* Partners have poorer emotional well-being at 6 months after an AMI if they are not satisfied/unhappy with the functioning of their relationships at 1 month after the event. Adjusted exploratory analyses, undertaken to determine the extent to which dyadic discrepancies in perceptions of functioning or use of protective buffering behaviour, predict emotional well-being, show that patients who are less satisfied/unhappier with functioning than their partners at 1 month after an AMI have poor emotional wellbeing at 6 months after the event; patients who use the behaviour more frequently than their partners at 1 month after an AMI have poor emotional well-being at 6months after the event; and partners who are less satisfied/unhappier with functioning than their patients at 1 month after an AMI have poor emotional well-being at 6months after the event. The evidence from the QUT-AMI Project supports the proposition that the interaction that occurs within a couple relationship, combined with individual characteristics of members of a dyad, influences the extent to which a heart attack impacts on couples' HRQOL. It is argued that it is not enough to merely focus on implementing secondary prevention strategies with post-AMI patients. Given that poor emotional well-being is known to predict adverse cardiac events, and premature mortality due to cardiac disease, it is recommended that a couple-focused intervention designed to meet specific needs should be implemented with at-risk couples as a public health strategy to improve not only the patients' quality of life but also that of his partner. Further research is recommended to determine the extent to which such an intervention improves post-AMI couples' quality of life.
Bücher zum Thema "Health protective behaviour"
1
Ontario Sun Safety Working Group., Hrsg. Sun exposure and protective behaviours: Ontario report 1998. Toronto: Canadian Cancer Society, 1998.
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2
Terry, Bergeson, Einspruch Eric L, RMC Research Corporation und Washington (State). Superintendent of Public Instruction., Hrsg. Washington State survey of adolescent health behaviors (1998): Relationships among health risk behaviors and protective factors. Olympia, WA (P.O. Box 47200, Olympia 98504-7200): Washington Superintendent of Public Instruction, 1999.
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3
Wiener, Jonathan Baert, und John D. Graham. Risk versus risk: Tradeoffs in protecting health and the environment. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1997.
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4
Sims, David E. Livestock protection dogs: Selection, care and training. Ft. Payne, AL: OTR Publications, 1990.
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5
A, Billings Judith, Gabriel Roy M, Washington (State). Superintendent of Public Instruction., Washington (State). Dept. of Social and Health Services., Washington (State). Dept. of Health. und RMC Research Corporation, Hrsg. Risk and protective factors associated with alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use and violence: Analyses of the 1995 Washington State survey of adolescent health behaviors. Olymipia, WA: State Superintendent of Public Instruction, 1997.
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A, Billings Judith, Gabriel Roy, Washington (State). Superintendent of Public Instruction., Washington (State). Dept. of Social and Health Services., Washington (State). Dept. of Health. und RMC Research Corporation, Hrsg. Risk and protective factors associated with alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use and violence: Analyses of the 1995 Washington State survey of adolescent health behaviors. Olymipia, WA: State Superintendent of Public Instruction, 1997.
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7
1956-, Graham John D., und Wiener Jonathan Baert 1962-, Hrsg. Risk versus risk: Tradeoffs in protecting health and the environment. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1995.
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8
Beuhring, Trisha. Protecting teens: Beyond race, income and family structure. Minneapolis, MN: Center for Adolescent Health, University of Minnesota, 2000.
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Wittenberg, Jonathan. Protecting the next generation in Malawi: New evidence on adolescent sexual and reproductive health needs. New York, NY: Guttmacher Institute, 2007.
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10
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Indian Affairs (1993- ). Protecting our children's mental health: Preventing and addressing childhood trauma in Indian country : hearing before the Committee on Indian Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, second session, November 19, 2014. Washington: U.S. Government Publishing Office, 2015.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenBuchteile zum Thema "Health protective behaviour"
1
Naugle, Danielle A., Natalie J. Tibbels und Abdul Dosso. „‘The Label, It Sticks to Your Skin—You Had COVID’: Layering Stigma and Changes over Time onto the Extended Parallel Process Model in the Context of COVID-19 Risk Communication in Côte d’Ivoire“. In Communicating COVID-19, 239–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-41237-0_13.
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AbstractThe Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) is a framework that describes how fear and perceived efficacy interact to shape behaviour. Fear is a natural response to a new and deadly pandemic like that caused by SARS-CoV-2 and fear often generates stigma. Qualitative research from Côte d’Ivoire suggests that risk communicators crafting fear appeals need to carefully consider how stigma is likely to interact with fear and perceived efficacy. Furthermore, responses to fear appeals change based on the phase of the pandemic; as the immediate threat wanes so does the ability to maintain protective behaviours in the longer term. Drawing on data from 24 focus groups and 27 in-depth interviews with members of the general population, health providers, survivors of COVID-19, and individuals who had lost a close family member to COVID-19 in Côte d’Ivoire, we integrate stigma and time into the EPPM to illustrate how fear, efficacy, and stigma shape behavior and evolve over time in response to the shifting landscape of the coronavirus pandemic in Côte d’Ivoire.
2
Jessor, Richard, Mark S. Turbin und Frances M. Costa. „The Role of Protection in Adolescent Health Behavior“. In Advancing Responsible Adolescent Development, 549–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51349-2_27.
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3
Hasanah, Nur, Rini Ambarwati und Indriatie. „Knowledge and Behavior of Using Personal Protective Equipment on Garbage Collectors“. In Advances in Health Sciences Research, 252–62. Dordrecht: Atlantis Press International BV, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-324-5_27.
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4
Castelluccia, Claude. „Behavioural Tracking on the Internet: A Technical Perspective“. In European Data Protection: In Good Health?, 21–33. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2903-2_2.
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5
Steinbrink, Enno, Tom Biselli, Sebastian Linsner, Franziska Herbert und Christian Reuter. „Privacy Perception and Behavior in Safety-Critical Environments“. In Human Factors in Privacy Research, 237–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28643-8_12.
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AbstractWhen considering privacy, context, and environmental circumstances can have a strong influence on individual decisions and user behavior. Especially in crises or threatening situations, privacy may conflict with other values, such as personal safety and health. In other cases, personal or public safety can also be dependent on privacy: the context of flight shows how, for those affected, the value of data protection can increase as a result of an increased threat situation. Thus, when individual sovereignty—the autonomous development of one’s own will—or safety is highly dependent on information flows, people tend to be more protective of their privacy in order to maintain their information sovereignty. But also, the context of agriculture, as part of the critical infrastructure, shows how privacy concerns can affect the adoption of digital tools. With these two examples, flight and migration as well as agriculture, this chapter presents some exemplary results that illustrate the importance of the influence of situational factors on perceived information sovereignty and the evaluation of privacy.
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Torrez-Ruiz, Marisa S., Sandra Soto, Nanette V. Lopez und Elva M. Arredondo. „A Strength-Based Approach to Cancer Prevention in Latinxs“. In Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos, 177–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14436-3_15.
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AbstractAs Latinxs become exposed to US culture, their risk for many chronic diseases increases, including the risk of cancer. On average, less acculturated Latinxs consume more nutrient-dense foods including fruits, vegetables, and whole grains; they are also more active than their US counterparts because they use active transportation. Cultural and behavioral patterns of recent immigrants may prove to be protective; these patterns are based on the Latinx values of collectivism, familismo, and personalismo. As generational status in the United States increases, positive health behaviors related to dietary intake and activity diminish. Interventions that reinforce these practices may mitigate the negative effects of the acculturation process by capitalizing on behaviors that are protective against the risk of cancer. Traditional Latinx cultural values can be integrated into public health practice and intervention, preserving traditional Latinx practices that are protective and promote positive health outcomes. The integration of cultural beliefs and values into research studies will increase relevancy for Latinx participants and contribute to compliance and long-term participation for improved population health.
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Decarli, Alessandro, Blaise Pierrehumbert, André Schulz und Claus Vögele. „Mental Health and Well-Being in Adolescence: The Role of Child Attachment and Parental Reflective Functioning“. In Wohlbefinden und Gesundheit im Jugendalter, 129–49. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-35744-3_7.
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AbstractAdolescence is a sensitive developmental period, with important changes occurring at biological, cognitive, emotional and social levels. As evidenced by several studies, adolescence is also a vulnerable period for the onset of serious mental disorders, which then tend to persist into adulthood. While there is ample evidence concerning risk factors of mental disorders in adolescence, a lot less is known about protective factors: however, one important protective factor to have emerged from recent research concerns attachment security. The aim of the current paper is to explore the effects of attachment on emotion regulation (in terms of physiological reactivity), autonomy and relatedness, and behavioral problems in adolescence, and how attachment is in turn influenced by parental reflective functioning (PRF), parenting behaviors (operationalized in terms of behaviors promoting and undermining autonomy relatedness) and parenting stress (in terms of cortisol reactivity). The findings point to the potential utility of interventions aimed at enhancing attachment security, thus allowing a better psychological adjustment, and at improving PRF, especially in divorced families, given its protective effect on parenting stress and parenting behaviors.
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Lopez, Violeta, und Piyanee Klainin-Yobas. „Health Promotion Among Cancer Patients: Innovative Interventions“. In Health Promotion in Health Care – Vital Theories and Research, 227–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63135-2_17.
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AbstractThere are growing interests in promoting health of patients with cancer targeting on prevention and control as there are several modifiable risk factors that can be controlled to prevent cancer such as smoking, sedentary lifestyle, and unhealthy behaviors. Once diagnosis of cancer has been determined, health promotion interventions can be targeted on helping patients overcome the physiological and psychological effects of the diagnosis. Health promotion interventions should continue during treatment, survivorship, and for those receiving palliative care. More specifically is the promotion of psychological health of patients with cancer. Introduction of the incidence of cancer, cancer risk protection interventions and innovative health promotion interventions along these different periods in the life of patients with cancer are presented. Some theoretical frameworks used in health promotion research with examples of studies are discussed.
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Gungor Satilmis, Ilkay. „Musculoskeletal System“. In Health Assessment & Physical Examination in Nursing, 177–97. Istanbul: Nobel Tip Kitabevleri, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.69860/nobel.9786053359135.10.
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The musculoskeletal system is an organ system consisting of bones, muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments, and cartilage that support the body, allow movement, and protect vital organs. Musculoskeletal problems can occur at any age for many reasons, including congenital, developmental, postural, traumatic and neoplastic. Because the musculoskeletal system is related to many systems, such as the nervous system, circulatory system, respiratory system, endocrine system, and gastrointestinal system, it is an important system for health assessment. The goal of musculoskeletal assessment is to identify potential problems by evaluating risk factors, to examine the dysfunctions that may occur in this system, and to identify the need for health education about protective behaviors. This chapter presents the essential components of a comprehensive musculoskeletal examination using a systematic approach. These include assessment of posture, gait, balance, coordination, measurement of extremities, measurement of range of motion of all joints, assessment of muscle strength, and basic special tests for wrist, spine, hip, and knee problems. Emphasis is also placed on prevention of common problems related to musculoskeletal health and health promoting behaviors.
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„Health protective behaviour“. In Essential Psychology for Nurses and Other Health Professionals, 123–38. Routledge, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203027448-21.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKonferenzberichte zum Thema "Health protective behaviour"
1
Elsen-Humberg, Stephan, und Fabian Unterumsberger. „Claddings, Coatings, and Surface Modification: Load Behavior of Hardfaced Sealing Surfaces of Fittings“. In AM-EPRI 2024, 1114–25. ASM International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.am-epri-2024p1114.
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Abstract High-pressure valves and fittings used in coal-fired 600/625 °C power plants are hardfaced for protection against wear and corrosion and to provide optimum sealing of the guides and seats. Stellite 6 and Stellite 21 are often used for hardfacing, which is carried out by build-up welding, usually in several layers. The valve materials are generally heat-resistant steels such as 10CrMo9-10 (1.7380), X20CrMoV1 (1.4922), or Grade 91 / Grade 92 (1.4903 / 1.4901). In recent years, cracks or delaminations have frequently occurred within the hardfaced layer. The influence of cycling operation is not well understood. Other essential factors are the chemical composition of the base material and of the filler metal; especially in terms of the resulting iron dilution during the deposition of the welding overlays. The research project was initiated to investigate the crack and delamination behavior and to understand the involved damage mechanisms. Thermostatic and cyclic exposure tests have shown that cracking is favored by the formation of brittle phases due to iron dilution from the substrate material during the manufacturing process. Recommendations for the welding process of hardfaced sealing surfaces of fittings were derived from the investigation results.
2
Thisakya, P. G., und D. M. P. P. Dissanayake. „Occupational health and safety of municipal solid waste handlers in Sri Lanka“. In Independence and interdependence of sustainable spaces. Faculty of Architecture Research Unit, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/faru.2022.27.
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Due to improper Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM), waste has become one of the pollution sources and caused diverse environmental impacts as well as negative impacts on human health and safety. Despite adverse health impacts on many living organisms, MSW handlers are also subjected to Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) issues in Sri Lanka. Although, they play a significant role in MSWM, the OHS of MSW handlers has been neglected in Sri Lanka. So far, no studies have been carried out on the same. Thus, it has become a timely requirement for exploring the OHS issues faced by MSW handlers. This paper therefore aimed to explore the occupational injuries and illnesses that MSW handlers are associated with, and the basic causes which leads to such OHS issues. Accordingly, a qualitative research approach with two case studies was utilised to achieve the aim of the research. Fourteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with both authority level and worker level employees. Collected data were analysed using content analysis with the support of NVivo 12 plus software. The findings reflected that MSW handlers mostly suffer from back pain, slipping and falling, knee/calf pain, and headaches/migraine due to the nature of the job. Manual handling, negligence of use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), poor working environment, inadequate training and instructions, careless behaviour, health condition and age level of MSW handlers are identified as fundamental causes that greatly impact of OHS issues. Both OHS issues and respective causes are bound with organisational, cultural, economic, financial, and individual aspects that are unique to the Sri Lankan context. Finally, the findings generated through this study can be employed in many ways by respective industry practitioners to take informative decision to enhance the OHS of MSW handlers.
3
Gutium, Olga, und Viorica Cazac-Scobioala. „Nettles — miraculous plant in traditional dishes“. In Simpozion internațional de etnologie: Tradiții și procese etnice, Ediția III. Institute of Cultural Heritage, Republic of Moldova, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/9789975841733.09.
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Traditional food plays an important role in local identity, consumer behaviour, the transfer of cultural heritage to future generations and the interaction of this heritage with the rest of the world. Local products are, as a rule, natural products, which have a high nutritional and biological value and are perfectly inscribed in the national food traditions. Until the advent of agriculture, the fi rst foods for our ancestors were those picked up from nature. Th ey had a longer life expectancy and a stronger immune system, and this is probably due to their diet rich in herbs and raw products. Nettles play an important role in nutrition and health, especially in spring aft er the relative shortage of fresh sources of vitamins in the winter period, when the nutritional qualities of vegetables and food are low. Th e preliminary study carried out in the fi eld, found that nettles were used in various traditional dishes in various regions of the Republic of Moldova such as: soups, broths, stews, sauces, fasting food, pilafs, salads, pies, canned food for the winter, spices, drinks, tinctures, etc. Th ese plants were also used in traditional medicine, methods of care and health, craft smanship (making textile fi bers, coarse fabrics, fi shing ropes, paper), fodder for animals, destruction of insects and pests in the garden, etc. According to popular beliefs, many customs and superstitions are related to nettles. Th ey are associated with their protective force, with their endowment to heal and maintain people’s health, to remove unclean forces; bundles of nettles were hung at the entrance and corners of the house, animal stables, etc. In the framework of the study of the state program 20.8009.0807.17 analyzing the composition and physico-chemical properties of nettles and of dishes with the use of nettles, a fairly high biological value of these plants was noted. Nettles are rich in substances of protein nature, having a large number of amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins C, B2, and K pantothenic acid, folic acid, chlorophyll, carotene, calcium salts, magnesium, iron, silicon, phosphates, etc.
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Ranieri, Jessica, Federica Guerra und Dina Di Giacomo. „BUFFERING EFFECT FOR 2ND COVID-19 LOCKDOWN: THE ROLE OF ACADEMIC E-LEARNING ADOPTION AMONG GENERATION Z“. In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact025.
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"Background. The undergraduate community is composed of Generation Z members who constitute a social generation of digital natives who are technologically skilled. Their widespread exposure to technology accounts for their comfort with and strong knowledge of digital media. The government adoption of e-learning in academic education during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic may be beneficial to such digitally skilled individuals. Some studies have underscored the e-learning adoption adverse psychological impact on the mental health of the younger generation. In fact, the findings underscore an increase in psychological distress, excessive fear of infection, pervasive anxiety, frustration and boredom, a high level of stress, and post-traumatic stress symptoms. We aimed to detect the protective factor for academic community during social restriction for pandemic in 2nd Italian lockdown analysing the adaptive behaviour of undergraduate in 3 field panels of academic education (life sciences, physical and engineer sciences, human and social sciences). We aimed to determine the psychological impact of prolonged e-learning on emotional regulation among undergraduate students. A secondary objective was to identify key components for preventive interventions targeted toward the academic community by investigating the buffering effect of e-learning in academic education on exposure to the pandemic. Methods. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted on 570 university students (aged 18–26 years) pursing degrees in life sciences, physical and engineering sciences, and social sciences in Italy. They were recruited using snowball sampling. We administered emotional (PDEQ, CSSQ, CAS), personality traits (BFI-10) and affinity for e-learning (AEQ) measures. Results. Our findings suggest that a majority of the university students developed peritraumatic dissociative experience and stress, but not dysfunctional coronavirus anxiety during the 2nd COVID-19 lockdown in Italy. Nevertheless, the present findings also highlight the fragility of younger Gen Z undergraduate students who are beginning their academic journey amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Further, coronavirus distress significantly predicted mental health through the mediating effect of personality traits and e-learning affinity. Conclusions. Therefore, health care professionals are encouraged to implement psychological support interventions that strengthen one’s ability to manage stressful situations and reinforce their status as a digital native. Consequently, they may realize the power of their personal strengths, which in turn may mitigate their stress and peritraumatic dissociative experience when they deal with challenges, enhance their competence, and enable them to adopt effective coping strategies."
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Hughes, Charles E., Thomas Hall, Kathleen Ingraham, Jennifer A. Epstein und Darin E. Hughes. „Enhancing protective role-playing behaviors through avatar-based scenarios“. In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Serious Games and Applications for Health (SeGAH). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/segah.2016.7586229.
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Lizar, Budi Septhian, Friska Ernita Sitorus und Jon Piter Sinaga. „Analysis Factors of Nurse Behavior using Self-protective Equipment at Sembiring Hospital“. In International Conference on Health Informatics and Medical Application Technology. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009516104030410.
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Samosir, Frans Judea, Ermi Girsang, Dameria, Tarianna Ginting, Hartono, Victor Trimanjaya Hulu und Rizky Pratama Oentario. „Factors Related to Workers’ Behavior on the Use of Personal Protective Equipment“. In International Conference on Health Informatics, Medical, Biological Engineering, and Pharmaceutical. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0010292101660173.
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Markmee, P., S. Taneepanichskul und R. S. Chapman. „Effectiveness of a pesticide protective behavior program in improving and reducing neuromuscular symptoms among rice farmers in Sukhothai province, Thailand“. In ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RISK 2013. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ehr130051.
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Peters, Cheryl, Ela Rydz, Andrew Harper, Brandon Leong, Victoria H. Arrandale, Sunil Kalia, Thomas Tenkate, Lindsay Forsman-Phillips und D. Linn Holness. „O-277 Solar UVR exposure among outdoor workers in Alberta: Measurements and protective behaviours“. In 28th International Symposium on Epidemiology in Occupational Health (EPICOH 2021). BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem-2021-epi.121.
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Shallenberger, Leba G., Deena L. Buford und Glen A. Douglas. „Beyond Information: Using Social Marketing Techniques to Promote the Adoption of Protective Travel-Health Behaviors“. In SPE International Conference on Health, Safety, and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/111643-ms.
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Niederberger, Eva, und Ginger Johnson. Cholera Questions Bank: Quantitative Questions for Community Level Data Collection. Institute of Development Studies, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2023.023.
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This questions bank resource is a menu of quantitative questions related to socio-behavioural factors and Cholera. This resource seeks to facilitate the collection of quality data on community’s capacity, behaviours, practices and perceptions in relation to cholera prevention and management. It can be used by field teams and / or local research teams working in communities with cholera transmission and those at risk adhering to safety and protection protocols. Gathering and using high quality data on social, behavioural and community dynamics in relation to cholera prevention and management is vital to: 1. Understand people’s ability, capacity and behaviour in relation to prevent and/or reduce cholera infection risks. 2. Support evidence-based decision-making on communication and engagement strategies that address people’s needs and priorities in an evolving context. 3. Provide data that decision-makers can use to adapt cholera response and preparedness strategies and activities. 4. Support public health promoters and outreach workers in engaging with local populations to strengthen community-led actions. 5. Enhance the knowledge of public health promoters and outreach workers and support them in clearly communicating on cholera prevention and control. 6. Inform the design and adaptation of information content / messages shared and discussed with the local population.
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Niederberger, Eva, und Ginger Johnson. Cholera Questions Bank: Quantitative Questions for Community Level Data Collection. Institute of Development Studies, März 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2023.004.
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This questions bank resource is a menu of quantitative questions related to socio-behavioural factors and Cholera. This resource seeks to facilitate the collection of quality data on community’s capacity, behaviours, practices and perceptions in relation to cholera prevention and management. It can be used by field teams and / or local research teams working in communities with cholera transmission and those at risk adhering to safety and protection protocols. Gathering and using high quality data on social, behavioural and community dynamics in relation to cholera prevention and management is vital to: 1. Understand people’s ability, capacity and behaviour in relation to prevent and/or reduce cholera infection risks. 2. Support evidence-based decision-making on communication and engagement strategies that address people’s needs and priorities in an evolving context. 3. Provide data that decision-makers can use to adapt cholera response and preparedness strategies and activities. 4. Support public health promoters and outreach workers in engaging with local populations to strengthen community-led actions. 5. Enhance the knowledge of public health promoters and outreach workers and support them in clearly communicating on cholera prevention and control. 6. Inform the design and adaptation of information content / messages shared and discussed with the local population.
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Kenny, Caroline. Parental Alcohol Misuse and Children. Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, Februar 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.58248/pn570.
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Parental Alcohol Misuse (PAM) can negatively affect children’s physical and mental health, and other outcomes including educational attainment and behaviour. Effects can be acute when experienced in conjunction with other adverse experiences such as domestic abuse, marital conflict, and deprivation. PAM is a common feature in child protection and care proceedings, and places a considerable burden on social services.
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Pantig, Ida Marie, Lovely Ann Tolin, Xylee Javier und Valerie Gilbert Ulep. Analysis of the National Health Expenditure Survey Round 1 and Design of Survey Protocol for NHES Round 2 (Phase 1). Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Februar 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.62986/dp2023.01.
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From 2018 to 2021, the Department of Health (DOH), with assistance from United States Agency for International Development-Health Policy Plus (USAID-HP+) and European Union-Philippine Health Sector Reform Contract, implemented a National Health Expenditure Survey (NHES). The NHES consists of two components: a household survey (NHES-HC) and a medical provider survey (NHES-MPC). Healthcare use and financing information provided by select NHES-HC respondents are cross-referenced during the NHES-MPC with their health facility records. Intended as a regular tool to inform decisionmaking on health sector reforms, DOH plans to implement a second round of NHES by 2022 to 2023. DOH commissioned the Philippine Institute for Development Studies to redesign the NHES questionnaires to address the challenges encountered during its first round of implementation, capture critical facets of the Universal Health Care agenda, and revise the sampling design to consider panel surveys and be representative at the regional level. NHES Round 1 related reports, datasets, and documentation obtained from DOH were reviewed to identify the recommendations. The first round of NHES yielded rich information on health-seeking behavior and utilization, healthcare billing, healthcare expenditure, financial protection, and quality of care. The recommendations of USAID-HP+ on NHES tools are valid and sufficient as enhancements for the next round of NHES. The health utilization, expenditure, and financial information that can be collected through NHES are adequate. In NHES-HC, questions on referral; primary health care; components of out-of-pocket spending; and delay in health-seeking behavior are proposed to be added. Health facilities visited by respondents for primary care, as well as referring and/or referral facilities identified in NHES-HC with health care events in the last 6 months, are recommended to be subject to the conduct of the proposed NHES-MPC Supplemental questionnaire. Deleted questions for the next round do not necessarily mean discontinued questions but could be collected intermittently for certain rounds, particularly if NHES will be implemented as a panel survey. If so, the frequency and interval between rounds shall determine if there are sections, subsections, or questions that can be omitted in some rounds. In the meantime, some questions are proposed to be removed due to space constraints and consideration for respondent fatigue in general in lieu of other proposed questions to be explored. The abovementioned recommendations, however, are subject to change pending discussions with DOH for priority specifications and indicators. In terms of NHES sampling methodology, due to data limitations, it is proposed to use the same Round 1 sampling design with a 12,500 sample size or up to 15,625 if interested in conducting NHES as a panel design. The additional 25 percent accounts for possible attrition in the next round.
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Banda, Tikulirekuti, Hanna Woldemeskel, Rachel James und Ginger A. Johnson. From data to action: How findings from an interagency rapid qualitative assessment are stimulating action to support drought-affected communities in Zambia. Institute of Development Studies, September 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2024.043.
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The Republic of Zambia is one of several countries in the Eastern and Southern Africa region that has been grappling with multiple concurrent emergencies that have affected the health and safety of the population. In February 2024, a national state of emergency was declared in Zambia due to a severe and prolonged drought affecting over half of the country. These emergencies have adversely affected women and children who are especially vulnerable to diseases, malnutrition and violence. In response, the Collective Service – an interagency partnership between UNICEF, the World Health Organization and the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies – has been providing technical surge support on cholera and drought emergencies. This support has been to UNICEF Zambia and its partners from the Ministry of Health, Zambia National Public Health Institute, Disaster Management and Mitigation Unit (DMMU), the University of Zambia School of Public Health, Public Private Dialogue Forum and the Zambia Red Cross Society. The support has been in collaboration with global partners, including UK Public Health Rapid Support Team, SSHAP and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to conduct people-centred, rapid qualitative assessments (RQAs) to inform community engagement strategies and hold response actors accountable to affected populations. Since November 2023, the Collective Service has supported the coordination of the Zambia Risk Communication and Community Engagement (RCCE) cluster through strengthened community feedback mechanisms, operational social science training and support, and shared data intelligence and analysis. The Collective Service has also supported the implementation of RQAs to highlight important issues emerging in Zambia. Four RQAs, conducted in 2023 and 2024, focused on cholera; and two RQAs, conducted in 2024, focused on the impact of the drought across nutrition; water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH); and health and social protection. This brief summarises and shares information from the RQA, conducted from 28 May to 2 June 2024, of drought-related community perceptions and behaviours in Zambia.
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Smit, Amelia, Kate Dunlop, Nehal Singh, Diona Damian, Kylie Vuong und Anne Cust. Primary prevention of skin cancer in primary care settings. The Sax Institute, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/qpsm1481.
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Overview Skin cancer prevention is a component of the new Cancer Plan 2022–27, which guides the work of the Cancer Institute NSW. To lessen the impact of skin cancer on the community, the Cancer Institute NSW works closely with the NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Advisory Committee, comprising governmental and non-governmental organisation representatives, to develop and implement the NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Strategy. Primary Health Networks and primary care providers are seen as important stakeholders in this work. To guide improvements in skin cancer prevention and inform the development of the next NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Strategy, an up-to-date review of the evidence on the effectiveness and feasibility of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care is required. A research team led by the Daffodil Centre, a joint venture between the University of Sydney and Cancer Council NSW, was contracted to undertake an Evidence Check review to address the questions below. Evidence Check questions This Evidence Check aimed to address the following questions: Question 1: What skin cancer primary prevention activities can be effectively administered in primary care settings? As part of this, identify the key components of such messages, strategies, programs or initiatives that have been effectively implemented and their feasibility in the NSW/Australian context. Question 2: What are the main barriers and enablers for primary care providers in delivering skin cancer primary prevention activities within their setting? Summary of methods The research team conducted a detailed analysis of the published and grey literature, based on a comprehensive search. We developed the search strategy in consultation with a medical librarian at the University of Sydney and the Cancer Institute NSW team, and implemented it across the databases Embase, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Scopus, Cochrane Central and CINAHL. Results were exported and uploaded to Covidence for screening and further selection. The search strategy was designed according to the SPIDER tool for Qualitative and Mixed-Methods Evidence Synthesis, which is a systematic strategy for searching qualitative and mixed-methods research studies. The SPIDER tool facilitates rigour in research by defining key elements of non-quantitative research questions. We included peer-reviewed and grey literature that included skin cancer primary prevention strategies/ interventions/ techniques/ programs within primary care settings, e.g. involving general practitioners and primary care nurses. The literature was limited to publications since 2014, and for studies or programs conducted in Australia, the UK, New Zealand, Canada, Ireland, Western Europe and Scandinavia. We also included relevant systematic reviews and evidence syntheses based on a range of international evidence where also relevant to the Australian context. To address Question 1, about the effectiveness of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings, we summarised findings from the Evidence Check according to different skin cancer prevention activities. To address Question 2, about the barriers and enablers of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings, we summarised findings according to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). The CFIR is a framework for identifying important implementation considerations for novel interventions in healthcare settings and provides a practical guide for systematically assessing potential barriers and facilitators in preparation for implementing a new activity or program. We assessed study quality using the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) levels of evidence. Key findings We identified 25 peer-reviewed journal articles that met the eligibility criteria and we included these in the Evidence Check. Eight of the studies were conducted in Australia, six in the UK, and the others elsewhere (mainly other European countries). In addition, the grey literature search identified four relevant guidelines, 12 education/training resources, two Cancer Care pathways, two position statements, three reports and five other resources that we included in the Evidence Check. Question 1 (related to effectiveness) We categorised the studies into different types of skin cancer prevention activities: behavioural counselling (n=3); risk assessment and delivering risk-tailored information (n=10); new technologies for early detection and accompanying prevention advice (n=4); and education and training programs for general practitioners (GPs) and primary care nurses regarding skin cancer prevention (n=3). There was good evidence that behavioural counselling interventions can result in a small improvement in sun protection behaviours among adults with fair skin types (defined as ivory or pale skin, light hair and eye colour, freckles, or those who sunburn easily), which would include the majority of Australians. It was found that clinicians play an important role in counselling patients about sun-protective behaviours, and recommended tailoring messages to the age and demographics of target groups (e.g. high-risk groups) to have maximal influence on behaviours. Several web-based melanoma risk prediction tools are now available in Australia, mainly designed for health professionals to identify patients’ risk of a new or subsequent primary melanoma and guide discussions with patients about primary prevention and early detection. Intervention studies have demonstrated that use of these melanoma risk prediction tools is feasible and acceptable to participants in primary care settings, and there is some evidence, including from Australian studies, that using these risk prediction tools to tailor primary prevention and early detection messages can improve sun-related behaviours. Some studies examined novel technologies, such as apps, to support early detection through skin examinations, including a very limited focus on the provision of preventive advice. These novel technologies are still largely in the research domain rather than recommended for routine use but provide a potential future opportunity to incorporate more primary prevention tailored advice. There are a number of online short courses available for primary healthcare professionals specifically focusing on skin cancer prevention. Most education and training programs for GPs and primary care nurses in the field of skin cancer focus on treatment and early detection, though some programs have specifically incorporated primary prevention education and training. A notable example is the Dermoscopy for Victorian General Practice Program, in which 93% of participating GPs reported that they had increased preventive information provided to high-risk patients and during skin examinations. Question 2 (related to barriers and enablers) Key enablers of performing skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings included: • Easy access and availability of guidelines and point-of-care tools and resources • A fit with existing workflows and systems, so there is minimal disruption to flow of care • Easy-to-understand patient information • Using the waiting room for collection of risk assessment information on an electronic device such as an iPad/tablet where possible • Pairing with early detection activities • Sharing of successful programs across jurisdictions. Key barriers to performing skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings included: • Unclear requirements and lack of confidence (self-efficacy) about prevention counselling • Limited availability of GP services especially in regional and remote areas • Competing demands, low priority, lack of time • Lack of incentives.
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Floyd, Jason, und Daniel Madrzykowski. Analysis of a Near Miss in a Garden Apartment Fire – Georgia 2022. UL's Fire Safety Research Institute, Oktober 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/rsfd6862.
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On February 9, 2022, Cobb County Fire and Emergency Services responded to a fire in a ground floor unit in a garden apartment building. At arrival, the fire was a post-flashover fire in a bedroom. Initial fire control was attempted by an interior fire attack team which was unable to quickly locate the fire. Exterior suppression through the bedroom window was started prior to discovery of the fire by the interior team. Shortly after fire discovery by the internal team, a mayday was called. Four firefighters from the interior fire attack team received first and second degree burns. This report analyzes photographic, video, and written documentation from the incident to evaluate the timeline of the incident and to assess the fire conditions present. Computer modeling using the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) was performed to provide further insight into the fire conditions and the impact of decisions and actions on the fire ground. Additionally, data from a full scale fire test of a similar fire in a similar structure was used to provide additional insight. Four FDS simulations were performed in support of the analysis. These included a simulation of the event as it unfolded and three simulations looking at the impact of alternate tactics which included: initial exterior attack prior to entry, the use of a smoke curtain to protect the building exit path, and interior only attack. FDS simulations provided insight on the heat present in the apartment during the fire and the impact of the interior and exterior suppression on conditions inside the apartment. Full scale test data of a similar fire showed similar behavior to the FDS predictions and gives credence to the FDS results. Results of the analysis suggest that injuries resulted from the length of time the interior attack team was present inside the apartment before actions were taken to reduce the severity of the fire. Six contributing factors were identified including size-up, communication and accountability, delayed exterior attack, lack of entry hall protection, the apartment layout and construction, thermal imager use, and mayday procedures and training. The last contributing factor was a positive contribution that helped avoid more serious injuries. Based on the contributing factors, five recommendations were made that include improved size-up, exterior fire control to prevent exterior spread, protection of exit pathways, basing fire ground tactics on known information, and recognizing when a change in tactics is needed.
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Bray, Jonathan, Ross Boulanger, Misko Cubrinovski, Kohji Tokimatsu, Steven Kramer, Thomas O'Rourke, Ellen Rathje, Russell Green, Peter Robertson und Christine Beyzaei. U.S.—New Zealand— Japan International Workshop, Liquefaction-Induced Ground Movement Effects, University of California, Berkeley, California, 2-4 November 2016. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, März 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/gzzx9906.
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There is much to learn from the recent New Zealand and Japan earthquakes. These earthquakes produced differing levels of liquefaction-induced ground movements that damaged buildings, bridges, and buried utilities. Along with the often spectacular observations of infrastructure damage, there were many cases where well-built facilities located in areas of liquefaction-induced ground failure were not damaged. Researchers are working on characterizing and learning from these observations of both poor and good performance. The “Liquefaction-Induced Ground Movements Effects” workshop provided an opportunity to take advantage of recent research investments following these earthquake events to develop a path forward for an integrated understanding of how infrastructure performs with various levels of liquefaction. Fifty-five researchers in the field, two-thirds from the U.S. and one-third from New Zealand and Japan, convened in Berkeley, California, in November 2016. The objective of the workshop was to identify research thrusts offering the greatest potential for advancing our capabilities for understanding, evaluating, and mitigating the effects of liquefaction-induced ground movements on structures and lifelines. The workshop also advanced the development of younger researchers by identifying promising research opportunities and approaches, and promoting future collaborations among participants. During the workshop, participants identified five cross-cutting research priorities that need to be addressed to advance our scientific understanding of and engineering procedures for soil liquefaction effects during earthquakes. Accordingly, this report was organized to address five research themes: (1) case history data; (2) integrated site characterization; (3) numerical analysis; (4) challenging soils; and (5) effects and mitigation of liquefaction in the built environment and communities. These research themes provide an integrated approach toward transformative advances in addressing liquefaction hazards worldwide. The archival documentation of liquefaction case history datasets in electronic data repositories for use by the broader research community is critical to accelerating advances in liquefaction research. Many of the available liquefaction case history datasets are not fully documented, published, or shared. Developing and sharing well-documented liquefaction datasets reflect significant research efforts. Therefore, datasets should be published with a permanent DOI, with appropriate citation language for proper acknowledgment in publications that use the data. Integrated site characterization procedures that incorporate qualitative geologic information about the soil deposits at a site and the quantitative information from in situ and laboratory engineering tests of these soils are essential for quantifying and minimizing the uncertainties associated site characterization. Such information is vitally important to help identify potential failure modes and guide in situ testing. At the site scale, one potential way to do this is to use proxies for depositional environments. At the fabric and microstructure scale, the use of multiple in situ tests that induce different levels of strain should be used to characterize soil properties. The development of new in situ testing tools and methods that are more sensitive to soil fabric and microstructure should be continued. The development of robust, validated analytical procedures for evaluating the effects of liquefaction on civil infrastructure persists as a critical research topic. Robust validated analytical procedures would translate into more reliable evaluations of critical civil infrastructure iv performance, support the development of mechanics-based, practice-oriented engineering models, help eliminate suspected biases in our current engineering practices, and facilitate greater integration with structural, hydraulic, and wind engineering analysis capabilities for addressing multi-hazard problems. Effective collaboration across countries and disciplines is essential for developing analytical procedures that are robust across the full spectrum of geologic, infrastructure, and natural hazard loading conditions encountered in practice There are soils that are challenging to characterize, to model, and to evaluate, because their responses differ significantly from those of clean sands: they cannot be sampled and tested effectively using existing procedures, their properties cannot be estimated confidently using existing in situ testing methods, or constitutive models to describe their responses have not yet been developed or validated. Challenging soils include but are not limited to: interbedded soil deposits, intermediate (silty) soils, mine tailings, gravelly soils, crushable soils, aged soils, and cemented soils. New field and laboratory test procedures are required to characterize the responses of these materials to earthquake loadings, physical experiments are required to explore mechanisms, and new soil constitutive models tailored to describe the behavior of such soils are required. Well-documented case histories involving challenging soils where both the poor and good performance of engineered systems are documented are also of high priority. Characterizing and mitigating the effects of liquefaction on the built environment requires understanding its components and interactions as a system, including residential housing, commercial and industrial buildings, public buildings and facilities, and spatially distributed infrastructure, such as electric power, gas and liquid fuel, telecommunication, transportation, water supply, wastewater conveyance/treatment, and flood protection systems. Research to improve the characterization and mitigation of liquefaction effects on the built environment is essential for achieving resiliency. For example, the complex mechanisms of ground deformation caused by liquefaction and building response need to be clarified and the potential bias and dispersion in practice-oriented procedures for quantifying building response to liquefaction need to be quantified. Component-focused and system-performance research on lifeline response to liquefaction is required. Research on component behavior can be advanced by numerical simulations in combination with centrifuge and large-scale soil–structure interaction testing. System response requires advanced network analysis that accounts for the propagation of uncertainty in assessing the effects of liquefaction on large, geographically distributed systems. Lastly, research on liquefaction mitigation strategies, including aspects of ground improvement, structural modification, system health monitoring, and rapid recovery planning, is needed to identify the most effective, cost-efficient, and sustainable measures to improve the response and resiliency of the built environment.
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Tuko Pamoja: A guide for talking with young people about their reproductive health. Population Council, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh16.1017.
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This guide was developed for public health technicians working with the Ministry of Health as part of the Kenya Adolescent Reproductive Health Project Tuko Pamoja (We Are Together). It can be used by anyone wishing to broaden their understanding of adolescent reproductive health (RH) issues and improve communication with young people. Providing young people with support by talking with and listening to them as well as ensuring they have access to accurate information can help them understand the wide range of changes they are experiencing during adolescence. Although parents, teachers, religious and community leaders, and health-care providers are expected to educate adolescents about personal and physical development, relationships, and their roles in society, it may be difficult for them to do so in a comfortable and unbiased way. For these reasons, it is important to meet adolescents’ need for information and services. Adolescent RH education provides information about reproductive physiology and puberty; protective behavior; and the responsibilities and consequences that come with sexual activity. Providing young people with accurate RH information promotes sexual health and well-being, and supports healthy, responsible, and positive life experiences, as well as preventing disease and unintended pregnancy.
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Programming for HIV prevention among college students in Thailand. Population Council, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv2003.1012.
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As national education programs incorporate HIV prevention into school curricula, policymakers and educators need to know what they can expect from these initiatives. Can such courses influence the behavior of students as well as their knowledge and attitudes? If not, what can these courses reasonably be expected to accomplish, and what part can they play in overall HIV programming for youth? To help answer these questions, the Thai Ministry of Education, the Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH), and the Horizons Program embarked on a study to examine the outcomes of a school-based HIV/AIDS program for Thai college students. The curriculum for the “Teens on Smart Sex” Program consists of eight two-hour sessions conducted once a week among college-age students. As noted in this brief, the program successfully improved students’ HIV-related knowledge and attitudes about people living with HIV/AIDS. It also improved female students’ attitudes about condom use and increased actual use. There was no evidence, however, of the adoption of other protective behaviors, such as abstinence, among males and females. Evaluation findings are being used to strengthen course activities so that course impact can result in greater behavior change.