Zeitschriftenartikel: „Habitat indigne“

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Squinazi, Fabien. „Habitat indigne/insalubre“. Environnement Risques Santé 21, Nr. 1 (Februar 2022): 85–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/ers.2021.1608.

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Damon, Julien. „Mal-logement, bidonvilles et habitat indigne en France“. Recherches et Prévisions 76, Nr. 1 (2004): 116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/caf.2004.2796.

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De Baecque, Vincent. „Les itin�raires r�sidentiels des personnes en habitat indigne�: retour sur le n� 180 de Recherche sociale“. Recherche sociale N�214, Nr. 2 (2015): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/recsoc.214.0086.

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Delancey, Clayton D., und Kamal Islam. „Post-fledging habitat use in a declining songbird“. PeerJ 7 (30.08.2019): e7358. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7358.

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Background Fledglings of many mature forest-dependent Neotropical songbirds move from mature forest habitats into areas of thick vegetation such as regenerating clearcuts. The Cerulean Warbler (Setophaga cerulea), a Neotropical migratory songbird, is a species of conservation concern across its range and it is listed as endangered in Indiana. This species has declined faster than any other species of wood-warbler in North America. Most prior research on Cerulean Warblers has examined the breeding biology, but there are no data on habitat use by fledgling Cerulean Warblers. Our research aimed to determine where fledgling Cerulean Warblers dispersed after they left their nest, but before they migrated to their wintering grounds. Methods Since 2007, Cerulean Warbler breeding populations have been monitored in Yellowwood and Morgan–Monroe state forests in southern Indiana as part of a 100-year study called the Hardwood Ecosystem Experiment. To identify habitats used by fledgling Cerulean Warblers, we captured by hand or mist-nets, adult and juvenile Cerulean Warblers once young had fledged from a nest. We attached radio-transmitters to individuals and tracked each bird daily using radio-telemetry. Radio-telemetry data were collected from May to July 2015–2017, and microhabitat data on fledgling locations and random locations were collected during the same years in the month of July. Results Fledgling presence, when compared to random non-use sites, was positively correlated to presence of grapevines, greater vertical vegetation density, and greater ground and canopy cover. Fledgling presence was negatively correlated with white oak abundance, aspect, basal area, and the abundance of mature trees that Cerulean Warbler adults use for nesting. Conclusions Our study is the first to demonstrate that Cerulean Warbler fledglings occupy habitats that are characterized by specific habitat components. Fledgling sites were located in areas with high vegetation density, such as clusters of grapevine, which provided cover from predators. Identifying Cerulean Warbler habitats throughout the breeding season can better inform natural resource personnel on how to manage forests to meet the habitat needs of this rapidly declining migratory songbird.

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Lindstrom, John M., Michael W. Eichholz und Adam C. Behney. „Effect of Habitat Management on Duck Behavior and Distribution During Spring Migration in Indiana“. Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 11, Nr. 1 (06.12.2019): 80–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/062019-jfwm-044.

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Abstract Spring migration is an important life stage for ducks because their ability to find and acquire nutrients can affect subsequent reproductive success. Therefore, providing sufficient habitat to support the energetic needs of ducks and facilitate efficient feeding is a goal of habitat management and restoration. The rapid, unpredictable flood events that regularly occur in highly modified landscapes can make habitat management challenging and justify diverse management strategies. We examined the effect of habitat management on dabbling duck behavior and distribution during spring migration in southwest Indiana. We investigated three management options for wetlands: active management, passive management, and unmanaged agricultural food plots. We assessed duck behavior and density on 14 wetlands at Patoka River National Wildlife Refuge and Management Area. The agricultural food-plot areas had the lowest estimates of food availability followed by the actively managed areas; the passively managed wetlands had the greatest estimate. Dabbling duck density was greatest on the actively managed wetlands followed by food plots coming in second and passively managed wetlands third. Most dabbling ducks fed more intensively while on the passively managed wetlands followed by the actively managed and food-plot wetlands. Conservation prioritization of passively managed areas would provide larger areas for dabbling ducks to feed, but active management provides habitat regardless of climatic variability. Moving forward, wetland complexes encompassing diverse wetland management approaches would be the best option for spring-migrating waterfowl as these complexes can provide high-quality habitats and buffer against uncontrollable climactic conditions.

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Grundel, Ralph, und Noel B. Pavlovic. „Distinctiveness, Use, and Value of Midwestern Oak Savannas and Woodlands as Avian Habitats“. Auk 124, Nr. 3 (01.07.2007): 969–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/124.3.969.

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Abstract Oak savannas and woodlands historically covered millions of hectares in the midwestern United States but are rare today. We evaluated the ecological distinctiveness and conservation value of savannas and woodlands by examining bird distributions across a fire-maintained woody-vegetation gradient in northwest Indiana encompassing five habitats—open habitats with low canopy cover, savannas, woodlands, scrublands, and forests—during migration, breeding, and overwintering. Savannas and woodlands were significantly different in overall bird species composition from open and forest habitats but were often intermediate between open and forest in guild densities. Few bird species were consistently and highly concentrated in savannas or woodlands, and the Red-headed Woodpecker (Melanerpes erythrocephalus) was the only species significantly more abundant in savannas and woodlands than in open, scrub, and forest habitats. Fire frequency over a 15-year interval was a significant predictor of bird community composition and was positively related to species diversity, spring transient migrant density, and density of the most threatened species. Each habitat type had characteristics potentially important for avian conservation. Scrub had the highest density of transient migrants, which suggests it plays an important role as migration stopover habitat. More species were significantly concentrated in open or forest habitats than in the other habitats. Lack of species concentration and intermediate community composition suggested that birds experienced savannas and woodlands more as ecotones than as habitats distinct from forests or grasslands. However, this intermediate character can benefit conservation, as evidenced by savannas and woodlands having the highest density of the most threatened species along this woody-vegetation gradient. Características Únicas, Uso y Valor de las Sabanas y Bosques Abiertos de Roble del Oeste Central como Hábitats para las Aves

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Khan, Humayun Reza, Md Muzahidul Islam, Tangin Akter, Md Rezaul Karim und Md Sheik Farid. „Diversity of mosquitoes and their seasonal fluctuation in two wards of Dhaka city“. Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences 23, Nr. 1 (03.08.2014): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v23i1.19822.

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The diversity and seasonal fluctuation of mosquitoes were studied in the two Wards (No. 53 and 54) of Dhaka City from March, 2011 to February, 2012. Eleven habitats under six spots, viz. Ramna Park, Hatir Jheel, Siddeshwary field, Moghbazar pond, Wireless lane and Indoor habitats were surveyed. Altogether 13 species of mosquitoes were identified belonging to four genera and these were Culex quinquefasciatus, Cx. gelidus, Cx. vishnui, Cx. fuscocephala, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, Cx. hutchinsoni, Cx. fatigans, Mansonia annulifera, Mn. uniformis, Mn. indiana, Aedes aegypti, Ae. Albopictus and Armigeres subalbatus. Seven species, e.g. Cx. gelidus, Cx. vishnui, Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus, Mn. uniformis, Mn. annulifera and Mn. indiana were dominant in the months from June to October; three species, e.g. Cx. fuscocephala, Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti from November to February; and nine species, e.g. Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus, Ar. subalbatus, Cx. fuscocephala, Cx. gelidus, Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, Cx. vishnui and Mn. annulifera from March to May. Cx. quinquefasciatus was present in all habitats except the fresh water lake. In semi?polluted Jheel, all the mosquito species, except Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus and Mn. indiana were observed. In coconut shell, larvae belonging to Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. fuscocephala, Ae. aegypti and Ar. subalbatus were observed. In tree holes, Ae. albopictus occupied the highest number. In tubs, Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. vishnui, Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus were found. In polluted drains, Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. vishnui and Cx. gelidus were common, but Cx. quinquefasciatus was the dominant one. In indoor habitat, Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti were more abundant. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v23i1.19822 Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 23(1): 17-26, 2014

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Beatty, William S., James C. Beasley, Guha Dharmarajan und Olin E. Rhodes. „Genetic structure of a Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana) population inhabiting a fragmented agricultural ecosystem“. Canadian Journal of Zoology 90, Nr. 1 (Januar 2012): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z11-119.

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Fragmentation has drastically altered the quality of habitats throughout numerous ecosystems, often leading to dramatic changes in the composition of wildlife communities. The ecology and associated movement behavior of a species may also be modified as a result of forest fragmentation, resulting in changes in genetic composition of the affected species. In this research, we evaluated the genetic structure of the Virginia opossum ( Didelphis virginiana Kerr, 1792) at the landscape and local scales in a fragmented, agricultural ecosystem in northern Indiana using 13 microsatellite loci. We examined 290 samples from opossums inhabiting 28 discrete habitat patches, and evaluated partitioning of genetic variation of opossums among and within habitat patches. We observed low but significant levels of genetic structure (FST = 0.005) overall, and pairwise comparisons of FST values among habitat patches also were relatively low. Relatedness within patches was highly variable (–0.077 ≤ rxy ≤ 0.060), with a few patches exhibiting significantly higher levels of relatedness than random expectations, and we detected no evidence of sex-biased natal dispersal. These results contrast with previous field studies that documented male-biased dispersal in the Virginia opossum, indicating dispersal in this species is plastic and dependent upon local environmental conditions.

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Wissinger, Scott A. „Comparative population ecology of the dragonflies Libellula lydia and Libellula luctuosa (Odonata: Libellulidae)“. Canadian Journal of Zoology 67, Nr. 4 (01.04.1989): 931–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z89-135.

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Temporal and spatial patterns of habitat use, population size structure, and survivorship were compared over three generations of Libellula lydia and Libellula luctuosa in a small pond in Indiana. The two species were univoltine, had similar phenologies, and converged on the same within-pond habitats. There was little evidence for any spatial and (or) temporal habitat partitioning that might be expected between such morphologically and ecologically similar species. Larval populations of each species were highly size structured because oviposition and hatching were extended over 3 months in summer. Intraspecific size differences were greater than those frequently reported to accommodate interspecific coexistence. Thus, intraspecific resource partitioning and cannibalism should have an important effect on population dynamics. Both similar and disparate interspecific size combinations frequently co-occurred in time and space so that competition and predation should simultaneously affect coexistence. Larval mortality was high in late summer and fall, negligible in winter, and high again in spring. Fewer than 10% of either species survived to emerge from the pond. Interodonate predation is a likely source of much of this larval mortality, given that other odonates are among the most abundant large predators in fishless ponds.

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Pointier, J. P., P. David und P. Jarne. „Biological invasions: the case of planorbid snails“. Journal of Helminthology 79, Nr. 3 (September 2005): 249–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/joh2005292.

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AbstractA large number of planorbid snails are now commonly transported by man mainly through the aquatic plant trade. However, only a restricted number of species establish viable populations in a new habitat and a more restricted number spread. Only five planorbid species can be ranked in this last category and can be considered as pests because of their role in the transmission of parasites to humans or domestic animals:Biomphalaria glabrata,B. straminea,B. tenagophila,B. pfeifferiandIndoplanorbis exustus. The neotropicalB. glabrata,B. stramineaandB. tenagophilahave proven their capacity to invade another continent sometimes creating new transmission foci. The AfricanB. pfeifferiand the IndianI. exustushave also expanded their distribution area with long-distance dispersal. Other planorbid species, i.e.Helisoma duryi, Amerianna carinataandGyraulusspp. have been able to establish viable populations, but not to spread, presumably because they are limited to specific habitats or/and display poor competitive abilities.

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Grundel, Ralph, und Noel B. Pavlovic. „Response of Bird Species Densities to Habitat Structure and Fire History Along a Midwestern Open–Forest Gradient“. Condor 109, Nr. 4 (01.11.2007): 734–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/109.4.734.

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Abstract Oak savannas were historically common but are currently rare in the Midwestern United States. We assessed possible associations of bird species with savannas and other threatened habitats in the region by relating fire frequency and vegetation characteristics to seasonal densities of 72 bird species distributed across an open–forest gradient in northwestern Indiana. About one-third of the species did not exhibit statistically significant relationships with any combination of seven vegetation characteristics that included vegetation cover in five vertical strata, dead tree density, and tree height. For 40% of the remaining species, models best predicting species density incorporated tree density. Therefore, management based solely on manipulating tree density may not be an adequate strategy for managing bird populations along this open–forest gradient. Few species exhibited sharp peaks in predicted density under habitat conditions expected in restored savannas, suggesting that few savanna specialists occur among Midwestern bird species. When fire frequency, measured over fifteen years, was added to vegetation characteristics as a predictor of species density, it was incorporated into models for about one-quarter of species, suggesting that fire may modify habitat characteristics in ways that are important for birds but not captured by the structural habitat variables measured. Among those species, similar numbers had peaks in predicted density at low, intermediate, or high fire frequency. For species suggested by previous studies to have a preference for oak savannas along the open–forest gradient, estimated density was maximized at an average fire return interval of about one fire every three years.

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Beatty, William S., James C. Beasley und Olin E. Rhodes. „Habitat selection by a generalist mesopredator near its historical range boundary“. Canadian Journal of Zoology 92, Nr. 1 (Januar 2014): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2013-0225.

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The Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana Kerr, 1792) has expanded its geographic range northward since European settlement, which has been attributed to its ability to exploit anthropogenic resources. To examine the utility of anthropogenic resources to this species, we monitored 61 opossums from 2009 to 2010 with very high frequency (VHF) telemetry in a fragmented agricultural ecosystem in northern Indiana, USA, at the periphery of the opossum’s historical distribution. We examined the influence of anthropogenic (agricultural areas, developed land, roads), disturbed (corridor, forest edge, grassland, water), and native (forest, shrub land) habitats on habitat selection at the second- and third-order scales across three seasons. At the second-order scale, areas proximate to agricultural fields and developed land were selected in the breeding and postbreeding seasons, respectively. Areas proximate to roads were selected at both spatial scales during all seasons except winter at the third-order scale. Areas near forest with high forest-edge density were selected throughout the year at both spatial scales, but confidence intervals for forest during the postbreeding season marginally overlapped zero (third-order scale). Although anthropogenic habitats provide novel resources for opossums, forest and forest edge remain essential components to populations near their historical distributional limit in agricultural ecosystems.

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Owen, Sheldon F., Michael A. Menzel, John W. Edwards, W. Mark Ford, Jennifer M. Menzel, Brian R. Chapman, Petra Bohall Wood und Karl V. Miller. „Bat Activity in Harvested and Intact Forest Stands in the Allegheny Mountains“. Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 21, Nr. 3 (01.09.2004): 154–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/21.3.154.

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Abstract We used Anabat acoustical monitoring devices to examine bat activity in intact canopy forests, complex canopy forests with gaps, forests subjected to diameter-limit harvests, recent deferment harvests, clearcuts and unmanaged forested riparian areas in the Allegheny Mountains of West Virginia in the summer of 1999. We detected eight species of bats, including the endangered Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis). Most bat activity was concentrated in forested riparian areas. Among upland habitats, activity of silver-haired bats (Lasionycteris noctivagans) and hoary bats (Lasiurus cinereus) was higher in open, less cluttered vegetative types such as recent deferment harvests and clearcuts. Our results suggest that bat species in the central Appalachians partially segregate themselves among vegetative conditions based on differences in body morphology and echolocation call characteristics. From the standpoint of conserving bat foraging habitat for the maximum number of species in the central Appalachians, special emphasis should be placed on protecting forested riparian areas. North. J. Appl. For. 21(3):154 –159.

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Nichols, Crystal, Austin Smith, Stephen Huelsman, Cara Schemmel, Jason C. Doll und Stephen J. Jacquemin. „Preliminary Understanding of Complexities in Swimming Performance of Common Minnow (Cyprinidae) Taxa“. Ohio Journal of Science 118, Nr. 2 (25.06.2018): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18061/ojs.v118i2.6117.

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Understanding swimming performance of native freshwater fishes has implications for ecology, conservation, and management. In particular, this type of information has practical importance for improving the understanding of fish dispersal, occurrence, migration, and invasive potential. The objective of this study was to characterize swimming performance of 2 taxa from the comparatively understudied minnow family (Cyprinidae) and test for potential drivers as a function of total length, sex, habitat, morphology, or some combination. The study assessed Spotfin Shiner (Cyprinella spiloptera; n = 66) and Bluntnose Minnow (Pimephales notatus; n = 24) populations from an ontogenic range of male and female individuals from lentic and lotic habitats in Indiana and Ohio. Akaike information criterion (AIC) model selection identified the most parsimonious linear regression model to predict swimming performance of Spotfin Shiner and Bluntnose Minnow independently. Overall, larger Spotfin Shiners were superior swimmers compared with smaller individuals. In both species, individuals having more streamlined heads and elongated caudal regions were better swimmers. Additionally, Spotfin Shiners that were collected from lotic environments were generally better swimmers than individuals from lentic environments. Models did not recover sex-specific effects in either species—or meaningful total length, or habitat effects, in Bluntnose Minnows. Overall, this study provides evidence of a complex series of swimming performance covariates when assessing or understanding performance. This has implications for aquatic population, assemblage, and community ecology as well as management and conservation efforts.

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Krohne, David T. „Demographic characteristics of Peromyscus leucopus inhabiting a natural dispersal sink“. Canadian Journal of Zoology 67, Nr. 9 (01.09.1989): 2321–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z89-325.

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The population biology of white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) inhabiting a 1.4-ha naturally occurring dispersal sink was studied for 5 years in west-central Indiana and compared with that in surrounding old-growth habitat. Densities in the dispersal sink were consistently lower than in prime habitat. Autumn and winter survival were practically nil. The sink was recolonized by adults in the spring following extreme low winter densities or extinction. Summer reproductive rates and the pattern of territoriality were similar to those in prime habitat. Mice colonized elsewhere when empty prime habitat was made experimentally available. The data suggest that few dispersing mice can be accommodated by the dispersal sink.

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Verswijver, G. „Migration um zu überleben : die spezielle ökonomische Anpassung der Kaiapó-Indianer in Zentralbrasilien“. Geographica Helvetica 43, Nr. 4 (31.12.1988): 194–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-43-194-1988.

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Abstract. In the present paper, it is shown how the Kaiapó Indians of Central Brazil traditionally managed to survive in an ecologically unfavorable habitat, and such while maintaining village populations of no less than 3000 indians. It is also shown how the more or less permanent contacts with our society have affected their traditional pattern of constant movement between a series of villages spread over a huge area.

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Trumbore, Levi, Richard Reynolds, Steven Thomas, Wil Orndorff, Brendan Cramphorn, Nicholas Gladstone, Curt Harden et al. „Cave Biodiversity of Cumberland Gap National Historical Park“. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies 86, Nr. 1-2 (30.06.2024): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4311/2022lsc0116.

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Recognized as an important pathway between the east coast and the interior of the United States, much of the Cumberland Gap has been protected as part of the Cumberland Gap National Historical Park (CUGA). CUGA also contains extensive karst habitats, including Gap Cave, one of the longest caves in Virginia. With the aim of better understanding the cave biodiversity of CUGA, we conducted biological surveys in park caves and compiled records of other animals from CUGA caves, including bat monitoring data extending back more than 35 years. Results of that work include: (1) collecting five new cave-obligate species (troglobionts) from CUGA caves, increasing the number of troglobionts known from CUGA from 11 to 16; (2) increasing the total records of troglobionts in CUGA caves from 17 to 39; (3) finding an undescribed isopod (now described as Lirceus zigleri) in the Gap Cave stream; (4) noting six species of bats, including two federally endangered species—Indiana bats (Myotis sodalis) and northern long-eared bats (Myotis septentrionalis)—from CUGA caves; and (5) recognizing that Gap Cave once hosted one of the largest known populations of Indiana bats in Virginia. We present an annotated list of the animals found in the caves of the park. The caves of the Cumberland Gap National Historical Park provide critical habitat to two groups of species with distinct conservation concerns: poorly known troglobionts that exhibit extreme endemicity and bats under threat from white-nose syndrome disease.

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Shifley, Stephen R., Gary J. Brand und Lewis F. Ohmann. „Timber and Squirrels: Forecasting and Evaluating the Options“. Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 3, Nr. 2 (01.06.1986): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/3.2.46.

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Abstract TWIGS, an individual-tree-based forest growth projection model, was coupled with a gray squirrel habitat suitability model. The combination of timber forecasting models with wildlife habitat models provides a powerful tool for multiple-use decision-making. The linked models allow forest managers to simultaneously forecast and evaluate the effect of alternative management strategies on timber yield, financial return, and quality of gray squirrel habitat. The linked models were used to evaluate two management options for 9 stands comprising a 258-acre tract on the Hoosier National Forest in southern Indiana. Results for this tract indicated that, for most interest rates, the management option that provided the best squirrel habitat had a lower present net value ($/ac). North. J. Appl. For. 3:46-49, June 1986.

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Divoll, Timothy J., und Joy M. O’Keefe. „Airport Expansion and Endangered Bats: Development and Mitigation Actions Near the Indianapolis International Airport“. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, Nr. 29 (28.09.2018): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118799711.

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Economic prosperity and globalization are major drivers for development of international airports, but aviation-oriented businesses and residential developments are a by-product of airport business models. Among the multitude of planning and development considerations is the habitat needs of endangered wildlife species. Foraging data were analyzed from 57 bats during three time periods (1998–1999: pre-mitigation; 2005–2006: during mitigation, and 2014–2016: post-mitigation) of a long-term study of Indiana bats ( Myotis sodalis) near the Indianapolis International Airport. At this site, both developed land cover and forested land cover increased between 1998 and 2016 (34.1% and 3.3%, respectively). Mitigation actions included converting 323 ha of residential lots back to forest, and creation of a 56 ha wetland and an 85 ha multi-use park. Bat use of landscape cover types was related to changes in land cover during each period and competing hypotheses were compared to explain changes in bat foraging space use. With the addition of a major highway interchange where the colony foraged, bats increased foraging ranges, presumable in search of new habitat. In all periods, bats selected for forested habitat; as trees in replanted forest and designated parks aged, bats reduced their foraging ranges. Restoring hardwood forest and setting aside parklands were effective proactive mitigation measures for the colony of Indiana bats near the Indianapolis International Airport, and similar actions should benefit other wildlife where human development and habitat needs intersect.

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Atwood, Todd C. „The influence of habitat patch attributes on coyote group size and interaction in a fragmented landscape“. Canadian Journal of Zoology 84, Nr. 1 (01.01.2006): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z05-180.

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From February 2000 to January 2002, I investigated correlates of landscape fragmentation with coyote (Canis latrans Say, 1823) group size and resulting effects on within-group spatial interaction in west-central Indiana, USA, to determine whether habitat patch dispersion and attributes mediated group maintenance and persistence. Twenty-one radio-collared coyotes were assigned to 15 social groups; group territories were then classified as having dispersed (n = 10) or aggregated (n = 5) resource patches. Group size was larger in territories with aggregated patches and was directly correlated to forest area and inversely correlated to corridor area (top-ranked model: group size = β0 + forest area – corridor area; AICc = –2.12, ΔAICc = 0.0, ωi = 0.67). Territories with aggregated patches had proportionally more forest (mean = 0.41, SE = 0.02) and less corridor (mean = 0.01, SE = 0.002) habitats than territories with dispersed patches (forest area: mean = 0.11, SE = 0.01; corridor area: mean = 0.03, SE = 0.002). Within-group spatial interaction was not influenced by patch dispersion. I suggest that differences in territory and group sizes relative to patch dispersion reflect the complex combination of environmental pressures present in human-dominated landscapes and their potential to perturb canid social organization.

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Roth, Kirk L., und Kamal Islam. „Habitat Selection and Reproductive Success of Cerulean Warblers in Indiana“. Wilson Journal of Ornithology 120, Nr. 1 (März 2008): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1676/06-181.1.

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Gorman, KM, SM Deeley, EL Barr, SR Freeze, N. Kalen, MS Muthersbaugh und WM Ford. „Broad-scale geographic and temporal assessment of northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis) maternity colony-landscape association“. Endangered Species Research 47 (24.02.2022): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/esr01170.

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As the federally threatened northern long-eared bat Myotis septentrionalis continues to decline due to white-nose syndrome (WNS) impacts, the application of effective conservation measures is needed but often hindered by the lack of ecological data. To date, recommended management practices have been adopted in part from other federally listed sympatric species such as the endangered Indiana bat M. sodalis. During the maternity season, these measures have largely focused on conservation of known day-roost habitat, often with little consideration for foraging habitat, particularly riparian areas. We examined acoustic activity of northern long-eared bats relative to day-roost and capture data at coastal and interior sites in the District of Columbia, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia, USA, over the course of 6 summers (2015-�2020), where maternity activity was still documented after the initial arrival and spread of WNS. Acoustic activity of northern long-eared bats relative to forest cover decreased at the acoustic site level (fine scale) but increased at the sampling region level (coarse scale). We observed a positive association of northern long-eared bat acoustic activity with riparian areas. Additionally, we observed higher levels of activity during pregnancy through early lactation period of the reproductive cycle prior to juvenile volancy. Our findings suggest the need for more explicit inclusion of forested riparian habitats in northern long-eared bat conservation planning. Acoustic sampling in spring and early summer rather than mid- to late summer and in forested riparian areas is the most effective strategy for identifying potential active northern long-eared bat maternity colonies on the local landscape.

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Jones, Landon R., Scott A. Johnson, Cassie M. Hudson, Patrick A. Zollner und Robert K. Swihart. „Habitat selection in a recovering bobcat (Lynx rufus) population“. PLOS ONE 17, Nr. 8 (01.08.2022): e0269258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0269258.

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Understanding habitat selection of top predators is critical to predict their impacts on ecological communities and interactions with humans, particularly in recovering populations. We analyzed habitat selection in a recovering population of bobcats (Lynx rufus) in south-central Indiana using a Random Forest model. We predicted that bobcats would select forest habitat and forest edges but avoid agriculture to maximize encounters with prey species. We also predicted that bobcats would avoid developed areas and roads to minimize potential antagonistic interactions with humans. Results partially supported our predictions and were consistent with bobcats in the early stages of population expansion. Bobcats exhibited elevated use near forest edges, thresholds of avoidance near agriculture, and thresholds of selection for low and intermediate habitat heterogeneity. Bobcats exhibited peak probability of use 1–3 km from major roads, >800 m from minor roads, and <1km from developed areas, suggesting tradeoffs in reward for high-quality hunting areas and mortality risk. Our Random Forest model highlighted complex non-linear patterns and revealed that most shifts in habitat use occurred within 1 km of the edge of each habitat type. These results largely supported previous studies in the Midwest and across North America but also produced refinements of bobcat habitat use in our system, particularly at habitat boundaries. Refined models of habitat selection by carnivores enable improved prediction of the most suitable habitat for recovering populations and provides useful information for conservation.

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Sarrazin, Jean-Paul. „Le rôle des élites intellectuelles dans le processus de visibilisation des indigènes en Colombie“. e-Migrinter 4 (2009): 100–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/12k6h.

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L’objectif de cet article est de montrer quelques exemples de la manière dont les élites colombiennes ont contribué à construire une image de la catégorie « indigène » dans l’imaginaire national. Le groupe social que nous appelons « élites » est composé d’individus appartenant aux couches moyennes et supérieures, avec un capital culturel plus élevé que la plupart de la population nationale, habitant les grandes villes, notamment la capitale, Bogotá.

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Eickhorst, T. N. H. „Resin Impregnation as Basic Tool for the Microanalysis of Microbial Habitats in Soils“. Microscopy and Microanalysis 19, S2 (August 2013): 180–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927613002894.

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BEASLEY, JAMES C., TRAVIS L. DEVAULT, MONICA I. RETAMOSA und OLIN E. RHODES. „A Hierarchical Analysis of Habitat Selection by Raccoons in Northern Indiana“. Journal of Wildlife Management 71, Nr. 4 (Juni 2007): 1125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2193/2006-228.

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Cain, Michelle L., Thomas E. Lauer und Jamie K. Lau. „Habitat Use of Grass Pickerel Esox Americanus Vermiculatus in Indiana Streams“. American Midland Naturalist 160, Nr. 1 (Juli 2008): 96–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031(2008)160[96:huogpe]2.0.co;2.

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Abrams, Marc D. „Genetic Variation in Leaf Morphology and Plant and Tissue Water Relations During Drought in Cercis canadensis L“. Forest Science 34, Nr. 1 (01.03.1988): 200–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/34.1.200.

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Abstract Genetic variation in plant and tissue water relations in response to drought, and in leaf morphology, were examined in greenhouse-grown Cercis canadensis L. (eastern redbud) seedlings originating from seed obtained in three contrasting habitats: a relatively xeric Kansas prairie, a Kansas gallery forest understory, and a relatively mesic Indiana understory. Kansas prairie redbud maintained significantly greater leaf conductance (gwv) during a 13-day drought than did Kansas and Indiana understory redbud, despite similar decreases in leaf water potential (Ψleaf) in all three sources. Moreover, Kansas prairie redbud had significantly lower osmotic potentials at full and zero turgor compared to Indiana redbud at both the early and later stages of drought. Kansas understory redbud was the only source to undergo a significant decrease in relative water content at zero turgor and the bulk modulus of elasticity during drought. Kansas prairie redbud leaves were smaller and thicker and had higher specific leaf mass (i.e., more xerophytic) than understory redbud leaves. Kansas understory redbud had intermediate characteristics in terms of gwv; at the early to middle stages of drought, osmotic potentials at high and low Ψleaf and leaf area and thickness compared to Kansas prairie and Indiana understory redbud. These results suggest that genetically controlled physiological and morphological adaptation has occurred in redbud that should facilitate its survival in greatly contrasting habitats. For. Sci. 34(1):200-207.

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Duchamp, Joseph E., Dale W. Sparks und John O. Whitaker, Jr. „Foraging-habitat selection by bats at an urban–rural interface: comparison between a successful and a less successful species“. Canadian Journal of Zoology 82, Nr. 7 (01.07.2004): 1157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z04-095.

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We compared habitat use of two sympatric species of bat in a rural area undergoing suburban development. The two species are similar in diet and foraging-habitat use but differ in current roosting habitat, and exhibit contrasting regional population trends. Evening bat, Nycticeius humeralis (Rafinesque, 1818), populations are declining in central Indiana, whereas big brown bat, Eptesicus fuscus (Beauvois, 1796), populations are increasing. We assessed habitat selection by 22 adult female bats using radiotelemetry and compositional analysis. Eptesicus fuscus used several roosts across the study area; all but one roosted in human-made structures. Nycticeius humeralis clustered roosts within a small group of woodlots; all roosted in tree cavities. Eptesicus fuscus foraged for longer periods of time and nonreproductive individuals of this species had larger foraging ranges than N. humeralis. Both species foraged primarily in agricultural and wooded areas. During foraging, N. humeralis showed greater foraging-site fidelity and a stronger selection for agricultural and wooded areas than E. fuscus. We suggest that N. humeralis in our study area is probably more sensitive to suburban development near their roosts than E. fuscus.

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Houghton, David C., und R. Edward DeWalt. „Updated checklist, habitat affinities, and changes over time of the Indiana (USA) caddisfly fauna (Insecta, Trichoptera)“. ZooKeys 1216 (25.10.2024): 201–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1216.129914.

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Based on recent collecting and a synthesis of ~100 years of historical data, 219 caddisfly species are reported from the state of Indiana. Seventeen species are reported herein from the state for the first time, including two previously thought to be endemic to the southeastern USA. Species records are also presented herein organized by drainage basin, ecoregion, glacial history, and waterbody type for two distinct time periods: before 1983 and after 2005. More species were reported from the state before 1983 than after 2005, despite collecting almost 3× the number of occurrence records during the latter period. Species occurrence records were greater for most families and functional feeding groups (FFGs) for the post-2005 time period, although the Limnephilidae, Phryganeidae, Molannidae, and Lepidostomatidae, particularly those in the shredder FFG, instead had greater records before 1983. This loss of shredders probably reflected the ongoing habitat degradation within the state. While species rarefaction predicts only a few more species to be found in Indiana, many regions still remain under-sampled and 44 species have not been collected in >40 years.

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Johnson, Joshua B., W. Mark Ford, Jane L. Rodrigue, John W. Edwards und Catherine M. Johnson. „Roost Selection by Male Indiana Myotis Following Forest Fires in Central Appalachian Hardwoods Forests“. Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 1, Nr. 2 (01.11.2010): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/042010-jfwm-007.

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Abstract Despite the potential for prescribed fire and natural wildfire to increase snag abundance in hardwood forests, few studies have investigated effects of fire on bat roosting habitat, particularly that of the endangered Indiana myotis Myotis sodalis. From 2001 to 2009, we examined roost selection of Indiana myotis in burned and unburned forests in Tucker County, West Virginia. We radiotracked 15 male Indiana myotis to 50 roost trees; 16 in burned stands and 34 in unburned stands. Indiana myotis roosted in stands that had initially been burned 1–3 y prior to our observations. In burned stands, Indiana myotis roosted exclusively in fire-killed maples (Acer spp.). In unburned stands, they roosted in live trees, predominately hickories (Carya spp.), oaks (Quercus spp.), and maples. Roost trees in burned stands were surrounded by less basal area and by trees in advanced stages of decay, creating larger canopy gaps than at random trees in burned stands or actual roost trees located in unburned stands. Compared to random trees in unburned stands, roost trees in unburned stands were less decayed, had higher percent bark coverage, and were surrounded by less basal area, also resulting in larger canopy gaps. Roost-switching frequency and distances moved by Indiana myotis among roost trees were similar between burned and unburned stands. Our research indicates that use of fire for forest management purposes, at minimum provoked no response from Indiana myotis in terms of roost tree selection, and may create additional roost resources, depending on spatial context.

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Homechaudhuri, Sumit, Shilpa Sen, Sudeshna Mukherjee und Atreyee Chaudhuri. „Temporal changes in brachyuran crab diversity along heterogeneous habitat in a mangrove ecosystem of Indian Sundarbans“. Scientia Marina 78, Nr. 3 (28.08.2014): 433–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/scimar.03931.04a.

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Das, Mithun, Susil Pal und Arnab Ghosh. „Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors by Habitat: A Study on Adult Asian Indians in West Bengal, India“. Anthropologischer Anzeiger 68, Nr. 3 (01.07.2011): 253–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0003-5548/2011/0099.

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WATROUS, KRISTEN S., THERESE M. DONOVAN, RUTH M. MICKEY, SCOTT R. DARLING, ALAN C. HICKS und SUSANNA L. VON OETTINGEN. „Predicting Minimum Habitat Characteristics for the Indiana Bat in the Champlain Valley“. Journal of Wildlife Management 70, Nr. 5 (Dezember 2006): 1228–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0022-541x(2006)70[1228:pmhcft]2.0.co;2.

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Pritchett, J., und M. Pyron. „FISH ASSEMBLAGES RESPOND TO HABITAT AND HYDROLOGY IN THE WABASH RIVER, INDIANA“. River Research and Applications 28, Nr. 9 (06.05.2011): 1501–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.1528.

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CARTER, TIMOTHY C. „Indiana Bats in the Midwest: The Importance of Hydric Habitats“. Journal of Wildlife Management 70, Nr. 5 (Dezember 2006): 1185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0022-541x(2006)70[1185:ibitmt]2.0.co;2.

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Holland, Jeffrey D. „Dispersal Kernel Determines Symmetry of Spread and Geographical Range for an Insect“. International Journal of Ecology 2009 (2009): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/167278.

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The distance from a source patch that dispersing insects reach depends on the number of dispersers, or random draws from a probability density function called a dispersal kernel, and the shape of that kernel. This can cause asymmetrical dispersal between habitat patches that produce different numbers of dispersers. Spatial distributions based on these dynamics can explain several ecological patterns including megapopulations and geographic range boundaries. I hypothesized that a locally extirpated longhorned beetle, the sugar maple borer, has a new geographical range shaped primarily by probabilistic dispersal distances. I used data on occurrence from Ontario, Canada to construct a model of geographical range in Indiana, USA based on maximum dispersal distance scaled by habitat area. This model predicted the new range boundary within 500 m very accurately. This beetle may be an ideal organism for exploring spatial dynamics driven by dispersal.

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Sparks, Dale W., Christopher M. Ritzi, Joseph E. Duchamp und John O. Whitaker. „FORAGING HABITAT OF THE INDIANA BAT (MYOTIS SODALIS) AT AN URBAN–RURAL INTERFACE“. Journal of Mammalogy 86, Nr. 4 (August 2005): 713–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1644/1545-1542(2005)086[0713:fhotib]2.0.co;2.

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Kniowski, Andrew B., und Stanley D. Gehrt. „Home range and habitat selection of the Indiana bat in an agricultural landscape“. Journal of Wildlife Management 78, Nr. 3 (27.02.2014): 503–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.677.

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Stiles, Rochelle M., Jonathan W. Swan, Jaimie L. Klemish und Michael J. Lannoo. „Amphibian habitat creation on postindustrial landscapes: a case study in a reclaimed coal strip-mine area“. Canadian Journal of Zoology 95, Nr. 2 (Februar 2017): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2015-0163.

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Although habitat loss is a major driver of amphibian and reptile declines globally, a subset of postindustrial landscapes, reclaimed and restored, are creating habitat for these animals in the United States. In southwestern Indiana, along the southeastern edge of the Illinois Coal Basin, post-SMCRA (Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977) grassland restorations are recreating prairies in a region where they occurred naturally as openings (pockets) in deciduous forest, but were destroyed by agricultural activities following Euro-American settlement. Furthermore, it is likely, given the speed of recolonization by 34 species of amphibians and reptiles (9 frog, 5 salamander, 13 snake, 5 turtle, and 2 lizard species), that the grasslands associated with railroad spur-line right-of-ways act as corridors to facilitate movement of these species into these relatively large sites. We suggest that reclaimed, restored, and properly managed landscapes can support reproducing populations of amphibians and reptiles, including species in decline across other portions of their range.

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HOGAN, PHILLIP N., und R. EDWARD DEWALT. „Using distribution models to identify range shifts of four Acroneuria Pictet, 1841 (Plecoptera: Perlidae) species in the Midwest USA“. Zoosymposia 24 (31.07.2023): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.24.1.12.

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Regional faunal assessments of stoneflies in the United States Midwest (herein defined as Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, and Wisconsin) indicate increasing imperilment resulting from human disturbance and climate change. Large-bodied perlid stoneflies with multivoltine life cycles are among the most at risk for regional extirpation, with losses reported in several midwestern states. Species distribution modeling was undertaken to describe distribution shifts for four widespread riverine species: Acroneuria abnormis (Newman, 1838), A. frisoni Stark & Brown, 1991, A. internata (Walker, 1852) and A. lycorias (Newman, 1839). The distribution modeling algorithm MaxEnt was selected to predict both the historical (i.e., pre-1960) and contemporaneous distributions for each species using separate occurrence datasets. These models permit the identification of suitable habitat loss through range contractions associated with human disturbance. Predictions of suitable habitat losses were recorded for multiple species but were greatest for A. abnormis and A. internata. These models serve to guide future collection efforts and to further describe patterns of regional biodiversity loss.

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MENZEL, JENNIFER M., W. MARK FORD, MICHAEL A. MENZEL, TIMOTHYC CARTER, JAMES E. GARDNER, JAMES D. GARNER und JOYCE E. HOFMANN. „RESEARCH NOTES: SUMMER HABITAT USE AND HOME-RANGE ANALYSIS OF THE ENDANGERED INDIANA BAT“. Journal of Wildlife Management 69, Nr. 1 (Januar 2005): 430–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2193/0022-541x(2005)069<0430:shuaha>2.0.co;2.

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Pourshoushtari, Roxanne D., Benjamin P. Pauli, Patrick A. Zollner und G. Scott Haulton. „Road and Habitat Interact to Influence Selection and Avoidance Behavior of Bats in Indiana“. Northeastern Naturalist 25, Nr. 2 (Mai 2018): 236–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1656/045.025.0206.

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Shuey, J. A. „Habitat associations of wetland butterflies near the glacial maxima in Ohio, Indiana, and Michigan“. Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera 24, Nr. 2 (1985): 176–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.266782.

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Bajema, Robb A., Travis L. DeVault, Peter E. Scott und Steven L. Lima. „Reclaimed Coal Mine Grasslands and Their Significance for Henslow's Sparrows in the American Midwest“. Auk 118, Nr. 2 (01.04.2001): 422–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/118.2.422.

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Abstract Present methods of surface coal-mine reclamation in the Midwest produce large grasslands, some of which exceed 2,000 ha in extent. Total “mine grassland” production in southwestern Indiana alone is well in excess of 70 square miles (180 km2). Our work in 19 reclaimed coal mines in southwestern Indiana indicates that mine grasslands harbor many Henslow's Sparrows (Ammodramus henslowii). We base that conclusion on point-count and line-transect surveys that yielded between 200–300 singing male Henslow's Sparrows during the 1997 and 1998 breeding seasons. Those survey results imply an uncorrected population density of ∼0.10 males per hectare, and a corrected density of ∼0.16 males per hectare (correcting for undetected males). Extrapolating this corrected density to total habitat coverage suggests an overall population of a few thousand Henslow's Sparrows in the mine grasslands of southwestern Indiana. Small-scale vegetational surveys suggest that much of the within-mine variation in Henslow's Sparrow abundance reflects local vegetative structure, with males preferring sites typically associated with that species of bird: tall, dense grass-dominated vegetation with a substantial litter layer. Management for this kind of vegetative structure could greatly increase the number of Henslow's Sparrows inhabiting reclaimed mines. Midwestern mine grasslands could play a significant role in stabilizing the populations of Henslow's Sparrows and other grassland birds.

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Brisson, Jean Denis, Claude Simard, Jean Brodeur und David Martineau. „Premières mentions des araignées (Araneae) Phidippus audax Hentz, 1845 (Salticidae) et Tetragnatha viridis Walckenaer, 1841 (Tetragnathidae) au Québec“. Entomologie 137, Nr. 1 (06.12.2012): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1013187ar.

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Nous rapportons, pour la première fois au Québec, la présence de l’araignée sauteuse Phidippus audax Hentz, 1845 (Salticidae Blackwall, 1841) et de la tétragnathe verte Tetragnatha viridis Walckenaer, 1841 (Tetragnathidae Menge, 1866). Nous décrivons les conditions de leur découverte et commentons leur répartition. Nos observations concernant l’araignée P. audax suggèrent que cette espèce soit à la fois une espèce indigène (trouvée en milieu naturel en Mauricie et à Longueuil), mais aussi une espèce introduite comme en témoigne sa découverte dans des camions importés du Minnesota. La tétragnathe verte fut trouvée à 2 endroits éloignés (Contrecoeur et Terrebonne), dans des habitats très différents au cours des mois de juin et de septembre 2010.

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Cruz, Jesse L. De La, und Ryan L. Ward. „Summer-Habitat Suitability Modeling ofMyotis sodalis(Indiana Bat) in the Eastern Mountains of West Virginia“. Northeastern Naturalist 23, Nr. 1 (März 2016): 100–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1656/045.023.0107.

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Burgmeier, Nicholas G., Shem D. Unger, Jennifer L. Meyer, Trent M. Sutton und Rod N. Williams. „HEALTH AND HABITAT QUALITY ASSESSMENT FOR THE EASTERN HELLBENDER (CRYPTOBRANCHUS ALLEGANIENSIS ALLEGANIENSIS) IN INDIANA, USA“. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 47, Nr. 4 (Oktober 2011): 836–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-47.4.836.

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Page, L. Kristen, Scott A. Johnson, Robert K. Swihart und Kevin R. Kazacos. „Prevalence of Baylisascaris procyonis in Habitat Associated with Allegheny Woodrat (Neotoma magister) Populations in Indiana“. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 48, Nr. 2 (April 2012): 503–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-48.2.503.

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Jacquemin, Stephen J., Erika Martin und Mark Pyron. „Morphology of Bluntnose Minnow Pimephales Notatus (Cyprinidae) Covaries with Habitat in a Central Indiana Watershed“. American Midland Naturalist 169, Nr. 1 (Januar 2013): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031-169.1.137.

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