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E, sousa Álan. "Amélioration de la sécurité des systèmes cyber-physiques : stratégies de détection et d'atténuation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024REIMS015.
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Les systèmes cyber-physiques (SCP) se situent à l'intersection des opérations physiques, des technologies informatiques et des communications réseau. Ces systèmes sont fondamentaux pour l'infrastructure des environnements de fabrication intelligente, fournissant les moyens d'un contrôle amélioré, d'une optimisation et d'une adaptabilité au sein de divers processus de production. Cette thèse se penche sur les défis associés à la protection des SCP contre une large gamme de menaces cybernétiques qui posent des risques pour la sécurité de ces systèmes. À travers l'application de stratégies de contrôle de pointe telles que l'Observabilité Fonctionnelle et la Théorie des Échelles de Temps, ce travail introduit des méthodes innovantes visant la détection et l'atténuation de l'Injection de Données Fausses (IDF), des Attaques de Dynamique Nulle (ADN), et du Déni de Service (DoS). Ces menaces cybernétiques sont identifiées comme prévalentes et dommageables dans le contexte des SCP industriels. L'incorporation stratégique des textit{observateurs fonctionnels}, l'application du cadre analytique des Échelles de Temps, et l'utilisation du critère de stabilité de Lyapunov se démarquent comme contributions notables au domaine de la sécurité des SCP. Ces approches offrent de nouvelles perspectives et des solutions robustes aux défis multifacettes que rencontrent les systèmes cyber-physiques. De plus, l'efficacité des solutions proposées est testée et validée à travers une combinaison d'études expérimentales et de simulation. Ces efforts de validation soulignent la capacité des améliorations de sécurité proposées à élever les mesures protectrices au sein des environnements de fabrication intelligente. En conséquence, cette travail de thèse repousse non seulement les limites des connaissances actuelles dans le domaine de la sécurité des SCP, mais établit également une base solide pour les recherches en cours et futures visant à renforcer l'infrastructure numérique essentielle au fonctionnement des industries intelligentes. À travers cette étude, la thèse aspire à contribuer de manière significative au développement de systèmes cyber-physiques plus sûrs, fiables et résilients, soutenant ainsi l'évolution continue des technologies de fabrication intelligente<br>Cyber-physical systems (CPS) stand at the intersection of physical operations, computing technologies, and network communications. These sophisticated systems are fundamental to the infrastructure of smart manufacturing environments, providing the means for improved control, optimization, and adaptability within various production processes. This thesis delves into addressing the significant challenges associated with safeguarding CPS from a wide range of cyber threats that pose risks to the operational integrity and overall safety of these systems. Through the application of cutting-edge control strategies like Functional Observability and Time-Scale Theory, this work introduces innovative methods aimed at the early detection and effective mitigation of False Data Injection (FDI), Zero-Dynamics Attacks (ZDA), and Denial of Service (DoS). These particular cyber threats are identified as especially prevalent and damaging within the context of industrial CPS. The strategic incorporation of textit{functional observers}, the application of the Time-Scale analytical framework, and the use of the Lyapunov stability criterion stand as notable contributions to the domain of CPS security. These approaches provide fresh insights and robust solutions to the multifaceted challenges that cyber-physical systems encounter. Moreover, the efficacy of the proposed solutions is tested and validated through a combination of simulation and hands-on experimental studies. These validation efforts underscore the capability of the proposed security enhancements to elevate the protective measures within smart manufacturing environments. Consequently, this thesis not only pushes the boundaries of current knowledge in the field of CPS security but also establishes a solid foundation for ongoing and future researches aimed at fortifying the digital infrastructure essential to the operation of smart industries. Through this study, the thesis aspires to contribute meaningfully to the development of more secure, reliable, and resilient cyber-physical systems, thereby supporting the continued evolution of smart manufacturing technologies
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Morton, Bess. "The condition of working-class children in Liverpool, England, 1900-1914 /." Title page and introduction only, 1985. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arm8885.pdf.
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Wilcox, Anthony John. "The condition monitoring of press-working systems using ultrasonic Lamb waves." Thesis, Birmingham City University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386941.
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Dennehy, Anne. "Keeping mum : the condition of working class women in late 20th century England." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265304.
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Itakura, Tomoya. "Synthesis and Characterization of Proton Conducting Coordination Polymers Working under Low-humidity Condition." Kyoto University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/217993.
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Persson, Pontus. "The association between working memory capacity and golf performance in a dual-task condition." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-45380.
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The aim of the study was to investigate the association between working memory capacity and golf performance in a dual-task paradigm. Twenty-eight golfers with ages varying from 19-58 participated in the study. The participants were instructed to, after assessing their working memory capacity with digit span tests, hit ten golf putts from varying distances in two different conditions, one single-task condition (just performing the golf putts) and one dual-task condition (golf putts plus a working memory task). In the dual-task condition the participants were given an address (including street name, postal code and city) to remember while hitting all ten putts. After hitting the putts in each condition the participants reported their perceived mental effort. Results from the study showed that participants with higher working memory capacity performed better than participants with lower working memory capacity in general, but especially in the distracted condition. Results also showed that participants with higher working memory capacity perceived less mental effort compared to participants with lower working memory capacity, especially in the distracted condition. The findings from this study indicate that working memory capacity is related to performance and mental effort exerted during performance, especially in a distracted condition.
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Cai, Yancheng, and 蔡炎城. "Bolted connections of cold-formed stainless steel at elevated temperatures and post-fire condition." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/196034.
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The structural behaviour of single shear bolted connections and double shear bolted connections of cold-formed stainless steel at elevated temperatures and post-fire condition has been investigated in this study. The current design rules on bolted connections of cold-formed stainless steel are mainly based on those of carbon steel, and are applicable for room (ambient) temperature condition only. These design rules may not be applicable for elevated temperatures. Therefore, design guidelines should be prepared for bolted connections of cold-formed stainless steel structures at elevated temperatures. The key findings of the investigation are described in the following paragraphs.
A total of 25 tensile coupon tests were conducted to investigate the material deterioration of three different grades of stainless steel at elevated temperatures. The stainless steels are austenitic stainless steel EN 1.4301 (AISI 304) and EN 1.4571 (AISI 316Ti having small amount of titanium) as well as lean duplex stainless steel EN 1.4162 (AISI S32101). Totally 434 tests on bolted connections of stainless steel were performed in the temperature ranged from 22 to 950 ºC using both steady state and transient state test methods. The test results were compared with the nominal strengths calculated from the American Specification, Australian/New Zealand Standard and European codes for stainless steel structures. In calculating the nominal strengths of the connections, the material properties at elevated temperatures were used in the design equations for room temperature. It is shown that the nominal strengths predicted by these specifications are generally conservative at elevated temperatures.
A total of 78 cold-formed stainless steel single shear and double shear bolted connections were tested in post-fire condition. The test results were compared with those tested at room temperature. Generally, it is found that the bolted connection strengths in post-fire condition cooling down from 350 and 650 ºC are higher than those tested at room temperature for all three grades of stainless steel.
Finite element models for single shear and double shear bolted connections were developed and verified against the experimental results. Static analysis technique was used in the numerical analyses. Extensive parametric studies that included 450 specimens were performed using the verified finite element models to evaluate the bearing resistances of bolted connections of stainless steel at elevated temperatures.
Design equations for bearing resistances of cold-formed stainless steel single shear and double shear bolted connections were proposed based on both the experimental and numerical results in the temperature ranged from 22 to 950 ºC. The bearing resistances of bolted connections obtained from the tests and the finite element analyses were compared with the nominal strengths calculated using the current design rules and also compared with the predicted strengths calculated using the proposed design equations. It is shown that the proposed design equations are generally more accurate and reliable in predicting the bearing resistances of bolted connections at elevated temperatures than the current design rules. The reliability of the current and proposed design rules was evaluated using reliability analysis. The proposed design equations are recommended for bolted connections assembled using cold-formed stainless steels.<br>published_or_final_version<br>Civil Engineering<br>Doctoral<br>Doctor of Philosophy
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Matthee, Sonja. "Effect of management interventions on helminth levels and body condition of working donkeys in South Africa." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/28318.
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Samuelsson, Cassandra, and Qlindamaria Thach. "Nurses experiences on work-related health in the Philippines : An interview study." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för omvårdnad, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-39541.
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Background: The nursing profession is known to be a stressful job and nurses worldwide encounters events that is affecting their health. When nurses experience poor health, sentential events such as medical errors could increase, it could also have a negative effect on the teamwork which leads to a decreased quality and safety within the healthcare. Aim: The aim of the study was to describe Filipino nurses’ experience of work-related factors influencing their health. Method: Semi structured interview with ten nurses, five nurses from a private sector and five from a public sector in Manila, Philippines. The analysis was constructed as a conventional content analysis. Result: From the analysis three categories, psychological health factors, physical health factors and supportive health factors emerged from eight subcategories. From psychological health factors three subcategories was pointed out: high demands from supervisors and relatives, working with inexperienced nurses and work overload. The second category: physical health factors have three subcategories attached: violence from relatives, exposure from patients and poor ventilation availability. The last category named supportive health factors includes the two subcategories: Functioning teamwork and good protection measures for nurses. Conclusion: The nurses expressed factors and elements that had been affecting their work-related health in the Philippines. For future research these factors found in this study could be addressed to maintain and improve the nurses’ work-related health.
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Höijer, Petra. "Stressade chefer, påverkas anställda?" Thesis, Mälardalen University, Department of Social Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-413.
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<p>Chefer har ofta en tung arbetsbörda och stora ansvarsområden, och den som präglar arbetsklimatet. Stress handlar om hur vi hanterar en stressfylld situation och hur rustade vi är att handskas med den stressfyllda situationen. Studien har gjorts med utgångspunkt från Karazek och Theorells krav och kontroll modell samt Hovmarks och Thomssons frågeformulär ASK. Syftet med studien var att undersöka om stressade chefer har en negativ inverkan på sina anställdas egna stress och hälsa. I undersökningen deltog mellanchefer och deras anställda, och genomfördes genom ett delvis riktat urval med enkäter. Resultaten låg i förväntad riktning utifrån använd modell. Tendens till förväntad negativ effekt av stress från chef på anställdas hälsa förelåg. Det låga deltagarantalet antas förklara utebliven signinifikans för prövade analysmodeller.</p>
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Cronholt, Karin. "Kvinnliga fotografer : förutsättningar i Göteborg för ett professionellt yrkesliv år 1900." Thesis, Högskolan på Gotland, Institutionen för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hgo:diva-1026.
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The purpose of this essay is to investigate the working conditions of professional photographers at the start of the 20th century. The aim of this essay is to provide a glimpse into this specific time-period with the main question: How were the working conditions for professional photographers? More specifically, this essay will provide a detailed picture that focuses on the difficulties women encountered, when attempting to make photography a legitimate professional career and combined with the traditions as wife and woman.The essay is divided into three main parts. By looking at statistical databases such as Swedish National Archive’s and other recourses, the first part establishes what Swedish society was like after the reforms that had taken place by the end of the 19th Century. Once the working conditions, and life in-general for women, are set, the second section of the essay examines the lives of specific photographers through the analyses of different categories and relevant statistics. Finally, the third part discusses the reasons why there were, at times, similar working conditions for women, and at other times, the working conditions were not equal. The analysis of the material supports a conclusion that suggests that, although there was a great deal of progress toward equality, working conditions of women professional photographers differed because of the rights married and unmarried women had in 1900.
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Bergström, Nilsson Ingrid, and Josefine Norlin. "Varför slutar de? : En kvalitativ studie om socialsekreterares upplevelser av sin arbetssituation." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för socialt arbete och psykologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-20143.
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Syftet med den här studien var att genom ett kvalitativt perspektiv få en djupare förståelse om bakgrunden till hög personalomsättning inom socialtjänstens barn- och ungdomsvård samt vad som skulle kunna motverka detta. Undersökningen har genomförts med ett kvalitativt tillvägagångsätt i form av sex halvstrukturerade intervjuer med personer som valt att säga upp sig som socialsekreterare inom socialtjänstens barn- och ungdomsvård. Studien visar återkommande beskrivningar kring en ohållbar arbetssituation utom räddning med låg lön, dåliga arbetsförhållanden med tidsbrist och för lite feedback, brist på engagemang från kollegor, avsaknad av tilltro till arbetsledningen samt utbrändhet. De tidigare socialsekreterarna hade behövt bland annat mer personal, bättre kommunikation med arbetsledningen, en teamledare och mer handledning för att stanna kvar i sin anställning. Våra huvudslutsatser är att det finns en stor komplexitet i bakgrunden till den höga personalomsättningen inom socialtjänstens barn- och ungdomsvård och att ett helhetsperspektiv är av största vikt för att kunna motverka detta.<br>The aim of this study was to get a deeper understanding through a qualitative perspective about the background to high employee turnover in the unit of child and youth care within social services and also how this could be counteracted. Six semi-structured interviews with people who have chosen to resign from child and youth care within social services were conducted. The results show repetitive descriptions of unsustainable working conditions characterized by low wages, lack of time, lack of feedback and commitment from colleagues, absence of trust to the supervision and burnout. The previous social workers described that they would have needed more colleagues, better communication with the supervisor, a team leader, more tutoring and higher wages to stay in their jobs. Our main conclusions are that there is a big complexity in the background to employee turnover and we consider that a holistic perspective is essential to be able to beat this.
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Silva, Juceli da. "Construção da identidade dos jovens aprendizes : uma nova condição operária?" reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/31951.
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O interesse que envolveu a investigação proposta nesta dissertação foi a de compreender a relação dos jovens aprendizes com o seu trabalho. Buscou-se analisar o processo de constituição da identidade profissional de jovens que participavam ou eram recém-egressos de um curso de qualificação profissional como forma de explicitar que o acesso ao trabalho representa uma importante fase de socialização e de inserção social. Entrevistaram-se quinze jovens, de dezesseis a vinte anos de idade, utilizando-se roteiro semiestruturado. Analisaram-se as entrevistas a partir de uma abordagem qualitativa baseada em análise de conteúdo. Partiu-se dos conceitos de socialização e identidade no trabalho por meio dos quais se apresentou o debate a respeito da emergência de uma nova condição operária. A articulação conceitual entre juventude e identidade profissional permitiu analisar o modo como transformações sociais mais amplas – aceleração tecnológica, reestruturação produtiva, fragmentação dos laços societários, crise de pertencimento – incidem sobre as relações sociais dos jovens no ambiente de trabalho.<br>The investigation proposed by this dissertation has as its main interest to understand the relation that young apprentices have with their work. It seeked to analyze the professional identity constitution process of participating or egress youngsters from a professional qualification course, as a way of showing that access to work represents an important socialization and social integration life stage. Fifteen youngsters of sixteen to twenty years old were interviewed, with a semi-structured framework. Interviews were analyzed from a contents analysis based qualitative approach. Concepts of socialization and identity were considered in order to present the debate on the emergency of a new working class condition. The conceptual articulation between youth and professional identity permitted to analyze the way that broader social transformations – technological acceleration, productive restructuration, social ties fragmentation, crisis of belonging – converge in the social relations of youngsters in the working environment.
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Girdvilytė, Agnė. "Kauno miesto prekybos darbuotojų darbo salygos ir jų sąsajos su darbuotojų sveikata." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070803.093422-39997.
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Darbo tikslas - įvertinti prekybos darbuotojų darbo sąlygas ir jų sąsajas su darbuotojų sveikata.
Uždaviniai:
1. Įvertinti darbuotojų darbo sąlygas.
2. Įvertinti prekybos centrų darbuotojų darbo aplinkoje veikiančių veiksnių sąsajas su sveikatos pakenkimais/sutrikimais.
3. Įvertinti psichosocialines darbo sąlygas (pasitenkinimas darbu, nuovargis, stresas, bulingas).
4. Pateikti pasiūlymus darbo sąlygų gerinimui.
Tyrimo metodika. Anketinė darbuotojų apklausa. Bendras tiriamųjų skaičius N = 212. Respondentai apklausti, individualiai užpildant anketą apie gyvenimo būdą, subjektyvų sveikatos vertinimą, darbinę veiklą ir darbo sąlygas. Klausimynas sudarytas, remiantis mokslin��s literatūros šaltiniais, anksčiau rengtais tyrimais. Statistinė duomenų analizė atlikta, naudojant duomenų kaupimo ir analizės programą SPSS 12.0.
Rezultatai. Pagal anketinės apklausos duomenis, tarp respondentų sveikatą palaikanti gyvensena nėra labai paplitusi. Respondentų maitinimosi dažnis nėra pakankamas, dauguma respondentų visi��kai nepusryčiauja, ar pusryčiauja labai retai; nėra fiziškai aktyvūs, dauguma rūko. Dirbančių viršvalandžius asmenų buvo daugiau nei pusė – 113 darbuotojų (53,3 proc.). Viršvalandžių nedirbantys pasisakė 99 asmenys (46,7). Apdoroti anketų duomenys leidžia teigti, kad viršvalandžiai, darbo stažas, negatyvaus elgesio apraiškos darbe siejamos su darbuotojų sveikatos sutrikimais, tad reikia imtis priemonių šių veiksnių dažniams mažinti. Skyrėsi šių grupių tiriamųjų sveikatos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]<br>Aim of the study – to evaluate the work conditions and employees’ health relationship at Kaunas trade companies.
Objectives:
1. To evaluates the employees’ working conditions.
2. To evaluate the relationship between the active factors of working place and health impairment/disorder of supermarkets worker’s.
3. To evaluate psychosocial working conditions (satisfaction with work, tiredness, stress, bullying).
4. To make suggestions about the ways of improving working conditions.
Methods: The questioning of the employees. The general number of the respondents N=212. The responders were questioned individually by completing forms about their life style, subjective evaluation of health, working activities, and working conditions. The questionnaire was prepared in accordance with the scientific resources and previously accomplished researches. The statistical data analysis was accomplished using the data accumulation and analysis method SPSS 12.0.
Results: According to the results of the questionnaires the healthy life style is not popular among the respondents. The frequency of nourishment of the respondents is not sufficient; most of them do not have breakfast at all, or have it very seldom; the respondents are not physically active, most of them smoke. More than a half of the respondents answered that they worked overtime – 113 employees (53.3 %); 99 responders (46.7 %) stated that they didn’t work overtime. According to the answers of the respondents it is clear that... [to full text]
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WANG, YINGYING. "Power Transmitter and Battery Management IC for a Wireless Recharging System." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1258845144.
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Petit-Liaudon, Marlène. "Le village industriel modèle de Saltaire : condition des ouvriers du textile et réformes sociales à Bradford entre 1853 et 1880." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2003.
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L’expérimentation sociale de Titus Salt (1803-1876) à travers sa communauté industrielle modèle de Saltaire, dans la région du Yorkshire, a été considérée jusqu’à nos jours comme une référence pour répondre aux maux urbains résultant de la rapide industrialisation du début du dix-neuvième siècle. L’enjeu de cette recherche est de contextualiser cette expérience, débutée en 1853, dans le mouvement de réformes sociales entre 1850 et 1880 à Bradford que nous considérons comme la ville à l’origine de Saltaire. Nous centrerons cette étude sur les différents aspects et influences alors à l’oeuvre dans la promotion de l’évolution ouvrière, tels que le bien-être social mais aussi les pressions économiques, politiques et religieuses. A travers cette comparaison nous constaterons l’étendue de la participation réformatrice et innovatrice sociale du village sous la direction de Titus Salt et observerons dans quelle mesure l’expérimentation à Saltaire prit part à l’avancée de la condition des ouvriers du textile lainier<br>Titus Salt’s social experiment conducted through his model industrial community of Saltaire, in Yorkshire, has been perceived and presented this far as a solution to the contemporary issues resulting from rapid industrialisation. The aim of the present research is to put into context this experiment, started in 1853, within the wider social reform movement that occurred from 1850 to 1880 in Bradford- which we consider as the “mother town” of Saltaire. This study focuses on the various influences promoting the advancement of the factory workers’ conditions, such as social welfare concerns but also religious, political and economical pressures, in order to see their achievements on the urban life. This comparative study is aiming to demonstrate the extent to which the model village, under Titus Salt’s leadership, took part in the social reformation and in the progress of the worsted trade workers’ circumstances
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Mori, A. "OUTSOURCING IN PUBLIC SERVICES. IMPACTS ON WORKING CONDITIONS AND EMPLOYMENT RELATIONS IN A THREE-COUNTRY TWO-SECTOR COMPARISON." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/274489.
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Over the past three decades, public administrations have been subject to a far-reaching restructuring towards outsourcing in a wide range of tasks and services. Under the pressure of increasing public debt, stricter spending constraints, shifting consumer preferences and the demand for higher value for money in an era of austerity, these organisations have differentiated the provision of services, opening the traditional public production and delivery to competition. The picture that emerged following these processes is strikingly various and patchy: public administrations across Europe, indeed, have adopted a wide set of market-type mechanisms, including public-private partnership, voucher system and contracting out (OECD 2011).
The restructuring process of public services provision towards outsourcing represents a tile within a broader mosaic of public administration reform, an ‘unending wave of reforms’ (Pollitt 2002) that has expanded progressively since the 1980s across all European governments under the label of New Public Management (NPM) (Hood 1991), suggesting uniformity and communality. This doctrine aimed to remove any difference between the public and the private sector as a way of increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of public services: thus governments imported in their public bureaucracies business-like tools and values, alongside with market-type mechanisms from the private sector.
Outsourcing stems precisely from NPM-inspired reform stream, as a market-type mechanism for saving government public funds (Savas 2000): opening service provision to market competition might achieve a cost reduction, since private providers in a competitive regime are expected to realize economies of scale and to raise effort or productivity with a given input/workforce-combination. Unquestionably, outsourcing has promoted a model of competition, but that is often largely based on the reduction of labour costs and not on the improvement of quality and innovation: empirical evidence increasingly emerged, arguing that cost savings may simply correspond either to reduced employment or to a fall in employment terms and conditions (Flecker and Hermann 2009).
This process, leading to complex changes in the organisation of work and employment conditions has been subject to growing scrutiny mainly across private sector firms (Flecker et al. 2005, Marchington et al. 2005, Flecker 2009, Perraudin et al. 2009). It has been assumed that external restructuring of companies, involving the dispersion of activities across organisational boundaries, has led to a degradation of working terms and conditions (Doellgast and Greer 2007, Flecker and Meil 2010), since it may trigger competition with a cheaper labour-supply, shifting work from highly unionized and better sheltered organisations to more vulnerable companies, subjects to market fluctuations, where trade union power is low or inexistent. The vertical disintegration presents substantial challenge to employment relation structure as well (Doellgast and Greer 2007), weakening the bargaining power of union while the dependency relations between companies along the value chain can be expected to translate into increased disparities and instability in terms of employment and working conditions (Flecker 2009).
Thus, drawing on varying approaches in the literature, the research aims to discuss the impacts of outsourcing on working conditions and employment relations structure in the public sector at a double comparative level: across countries and between public administration sub-sectors within each country. This multi-level comparative research design, indeed, enables to address the second main research question, that is whether implications following outsourcing process display convergent or divergent internal trajectories on the one side between different sectors within national frameworks and on the other side across different countries; and finally to identify which factors do intervene in explaining these patterns.
The underlying theoretical hypothesis is that national institutional arrangements and industrial relations regimes featuring each country may intervene in mediating the implications over labour and employment relations structures following outsourcing. Likewise, different legislative pressures, economic constraints affecting the sectors under scrutiny and sector-specific characteristics may lead to divergent implications between sub-sectors.
Hence I explore these issues through a case-study analysis of public services outsourcing across three countries ˗ Italy, England and Denmark as they each answer to a different industrial relations model ˗ and two sectors: health care sector and local government. Findings are based on an in-depth qualitative analysis carried out across the six case studies through 75 semi-structured interviews (25 conducted in Italy, 24 in England and 26 in Denmark): all the interviews were recorded, literally transcribed and content-analysed using the software tool ATLAS.ti and complemented by a documental analysis based on a wide range of secondary sources – such as academic literature, legislation, annual reports, internal PowerPoint presentations, collective agreements, practitioners’ reports, related surveys, employers’ associations and unions internal documents and newspaper articles.
Empirical evidence shows an overall picture dominated by growing fragmentation of employment conditions (Flecker 2010) and a deterioration of work. Employment has generally become more insecure (Huws and Podro 2012) and flexible, in terms of both working hours and workplace flexibility. Greater demands are placed on work tasks, including increasing workload due to understaffing, work intensification, higher speed in the work and the use of piecework (Flecker and Hermann 2009, Hasle et al. 2014).
Moreover, public administrations have deliberately exploited private sector regulations in order to escape expensive widely encompassing public-sector collective agreements under the pretext of raising competition: outsourcing was to a large extent driven by the search for lower wage rate paid by external contractors (Flecker and Herman 2011, Grimshaw, Rubery and Marino 2012).
Despite these convergent tendencies, implications for labour and industrial relations display clear national distinctiveness, mediated by the industrial relations model adopted in each country: thus evidence regarding Italian and Danish cases is less unambiguously negative since a system of employment relations with high collective bargaining coverage and strong union membership works as a buffer in protecting job terms and conditions during contracting out process (Petersen et al. 2011, Jaehrling 2014). Conversely, a regime which puts emphasis mainly on market adjustments and self-regulation, reducing in this way the role of employment regulation and organized labour institutions might pave the way to detrimental consequences for labour, since workforce is let free to compete in a market regime featured by weakness of employment relations structure and devoid of strong job protection as in England.
Divergent trajectories emerge between sectors as well: municipalities are more likely to outsource services with detrimental consequences for labour, compared to health care sector, because of the inherent pressure exercised by growing budget cut, legislative constraints to reduce public employment size, austerity measures and raising number of services to provide.
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Širvinskas, Saulius. "X ligoninės medicinos darbuotojų nuomonės apie savo sveikatą ir darbo aplinkos sąlygų vertinimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120618_145842-09186.
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Darbo tikslas: Įvertinti X ligoninės medicinos darbuotojų nuomonę apie savo sveikatą ir darbo aplinkos sąlygas.
Darbo uždaviniai:
1. Nustatyti medicinos darbuotojų nuomonę apie savo sveikatą.
2. Išanalizuoti medicinos darbuotojų darbo aplinkos sąlygų subjektyvų vertinimą.
3. Įvertinti medicinos darbuotojų nuomonę, apie darbo aplinkos sąlygojamą poveikį sveikatai, priklausomai nuo socialinių ir demografinių veiksnių
Tyrimo metodika: Tyrimas atliktas 2012 sausio - vasario mėnesiais atsitiktinai atrinktoje vienoje Kauno ligoninėje. Tyrimo metu naudotas vienmomentis anoniminės apklausos metodas. Buvo apklausti visi Kauno miesto X ligoninėje atsitiktinai atrinktų 6 skyrių medicinos darbuotojai. Viso išdalinta 173, gražintos atgal 148, ir iš jų statistinėje analizėje buvo naudotos 140 teisingai užpildytos anketos. Atsako dažnis 80,9 proc. Statistinė duomenų analizė atlikta naudojant SPSS 15.0 ir MS Excel programą.
Rezultatai ir išvados. Tik trečdalis tyrime dalyvavusių medicinos darbuotojų savo dabartinę savo sveikatos būklę įvertino kaip gerą. Geriau savo sveikatos būklę vertino daugiau slaugytojų nei gydytojų. Savo darbo sąlygomis buvo patenkinti tik penktadalis tiriamųjų. Respondentai dažniausiai nurodė jų darbo aplinkoje esančius žalingus sveikatai veiksnius: darbas susijęs su nepatogia kūno padėtimi, darbo aplinka užteršta biologinės kilmės medžiagomis, darbas lydimas emocinės įtampos. Tik 5,7 proc. respondentų nurodė kad po darbo jaučiasi psichologiškai nepavargę... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]<br>Aim of study: to asses the X hospital medical staff opinion about their health and working environment.
Objectives:
1. To identify medical staff opinion about their health.
2. To analyze the medical staff subjective assessment about the environmental conditions.
3. To evaluate the medical staff opinion about the working environment effects on their health, depending on the socio-demographic factors.
Methods: the study was performed randomly in one Kaunas hospital in January 2012 - February. The anonymous questionnaire was used in survey. All randomly selected staff were interviewed in 6 departments of Kaunas X hospital. Distributed 173, 148 returned, and for the statistical analysis were used 140 correctly completed questionnaires. The response rate was 80,9%. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 15.0 and Microsoft Excel.
Results and conclusions. Only a third of the medical staff involved in the study their current health condition assessed as good. As better health rated more nurses than doctors. With working conditions were satisfied only one-fifth of respondents. The respondents` commonly indicated in their working environment harmful health factors: the work is associated with awkward postures, working environment is contaminated with substances of biological origin, the work is accompanied by emotional stress. Only 5,7% respondents indicated that after work do not feel psychologically tired. More than half (60.6 %) medical staff indicated that some of existing... [to full text]
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RECCHI, SARA. "UNDERSTANDING WORKING CONDITIONS AND MECHANISMS OF REGULATION IN THE INFORMAL ECONOMY: THE CASE OF STREET VENDORS IN MILAN." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/382011.
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La ricerca esplora le attività lavorative svolte nell'economia informale concentrandosi sul settore della vendita ambulante. Il commercio ambulante informale è tradizionalmente diffuso e studiato nei paesi in via di sviluppo. Tuttavia, l'interesse per l'analisi di questa attività è recentemente aumentato anche nei paesi sviluppati. Nonostante ciò, gran parte della conoscenza del fenomeno proviene dalla vasta letteratura empirica sulle realtà del Sud del mondo. Molti studi condotti in questi paesi contribuiscono alla comprensione dell'informalità urbana in contesti concreti, in uno scenario di grandi trasformazioni socio-economiche generate dall'economia globalizzata. In particolare, studiosi urbani e post-coloniali esplorano l'informalità in numerosi contesti del Sud del mondo, sottolineando i confini sfumati tra la sfera formale e quella informale del settore, il rapporto tra le istituzioni e i lavoratori, così come i meccanismi e strategie di resistenza adottate dai lavoratori informali per reagire ai vincoli macro-strutturali. La letteratura sui paesi sviluppati, invece, esplora principalmente il fenomeno evidenziando le condizioni precarie e incerte dei lavoratori informali migranti. Tuttavia, poca attenzione è dedicata all'analisi delle sovrapposizioni tra la sfera formale e quella informale e ai modi in cui i lavoratori informali organizzano la loro vita lavorativa cercando di migliorare le loro condizioni di lavoro e sostituire garanzie formali loro negate.
Per colmare tali lacune negli studi sull'informalità nel Nord del mondo, questa ricerca esplora il settore dei venditori ambulanti e le sue manifestazioni concrete concentrandosi sul caso di Milano. L'obiettivo è comprendere in che misura il contesto normativo formale e le dinamiche interazionali influenzino le condizioni di lavoro dei venditori ambulanti e i meccanismi di regolazione delle loro attività lavorative. Inoltre, dato il recente interesse per le interazioni tra i due poli dell'economia, la ricerca mira anche a esplorare le sovrapposizioni e le connessioni tra il settore regolare e quello irregolare per indagare se e come queste interazioni influenzino le attività lavorative. Un approccio etnografico è stato adottato per studiare le dinamiche di diversi mercati all'aperto di Milano. Il materiale empirico è stato raccolto durante un fieldwork condotto tra giugno 2020 e aprile 2021. Nello specifico, si è ricorso alla tecnica dell'osservazione partecipante e sono state raccolte 45 interviste qualitative con venditori ambulanti e 8 con testimoni privilegiati.
Lo studio mostra un certo grado di fluidità e costanti interazioni tra il segmento regolare e quello irregolare del settore, le quali si traducono in routine di lavoro condivise e modelli di governance bottom-up che regolano la vita lavorativa in strada. In particolare, i risultati suggeriscono che molti lavoratori informali ricorrono quotidianamente al supporto dei venditori regolari, che si traducono in benefici, garanzie e protezioni che influenzano positivamente le loro condizioni di lavoro. Pertanto, a Milano, l'informalità è regolata da modelli di governance "ibridi", in cui sia gli attori statali che non statali concorrono a configurare le attività lavorative quotidiane.<br>The research explores the working activities performed in the informal economy focusing on the street vending sector. Informal street vending is traditionally widespread and studied in developing countries. Nevertheless, the interest in the analysis of this activity has recently increased also in developed countries. Despite that, much of the knowledge concerning the phenomenon comes from the vast empirical literature on the Global South realities. Many studies conducted in these countries contribute to the understanding of urban informality in concrete settings, in a scenario of great socio-economic transformations generated by globalised economy. Especially, urbanist and post-colonial scholars explore informality in many Global South realities emphasising the blurred boundaries between the formal and informal spheres of the sector, the relationship between the formal regulatory environment and workers, and the resistance mechanisms and strategies adopted by informal workers to react against macro-structural constraints. The literature on developed countries, on the other hand, mainly explore the phenomenon by highlighting the precarious and uncertain conditions of migrant informal workers. However, little attention is paid to the analysis of the formal-informal overlaps and how informal workers organise their working life on the streets to improve their working conditions and replace formal guarantees denied to them.
In order to fill these gaps in the studies of informality in the Global North, this research explores the street vending sector and its concrete manifestations focusing on the case of Milan. The objective is to understand to what extent the formal regulatory environment as well as micro contextual and interactional dynamics affect the street vendors’ working conditions and mechanisms to regulate their working activities. Furthermore, given the recent interest in interactions among the two poles of the economy, the research also aims to explore the overlaps and connections between the regular and irregular sector sides to investigate whether and how these interactions affect working activities. An ethnographic approach has been used to study the dynamics of several Milan open-air markets. The empirical material has been collected during fieldwork lasted between June 2020 and April 2021. Thus, the research resort to participant observation as well as qualitative open-ended interviews with 45 street vendors and semi-structured interviews with 8 key informants.
The study shows the great fluidity and interactions between the regular and irregular segments of the sector, which translate into shared working routines and bottom-up governance models that regulate the working life on the street. Particularly, the findings suggest that many informal workers resort to the support of licensed vendors to exploit daily benefits, guarantees, and protection, which positively affect their working conditions. Thus, in Milan, informality is enforced by a “hybrid” governance arrangement model, in which both state and non-state actors concur to regulate daily working activities.
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Lindquist, Anna-Lena. "Motsättningar i vårdarbete : en fallstudie av ett försök till samarbete mellan psykisk barn- och ungdomsvård och vuxenpsykiatri." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för socialt arbete, 1985. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-100707.
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During a period of over five years two psychiatric teams have attempted to develop a programme for cooperation between child and youth care and adult psychiatric care in common premises in a local community just outside Stockholm. The thesis documents, in six parts, the experiences from these experimental working conditions and how they were used to reach the desired goals of change in the organisations and in the activities of the teams. The thesis also shows how this special situation and the circumstances which followed created obstacles to change. The research-programme was carried out by field-research methods, i.e. a combination of direct observation and inter-viewing. The two teams went through different phases of mutual relations. Initially they had to face severe difficulties. During the first 1 1/2 years the level of conflict was high. Individual members of the staffs became more and more paralyzed. At the same time, however, they could manage to work together with client-fami1ies and with other social welfare institutions. Individuals from different teams could exchange experiences with one another but, at the same time, they were unable to generalize and to share these experiences consciously. In the following 1 1/2 years the teams were integrated. New ways of handling therapeutic issues were developed. There were signs of change in the therapeutic identity of the staffs. The last years of the experimental period were characterized by growing reactions against the earlier developement. The teams were again split up, both administratively and in relation to working methods, The first part of the thesis describes the developement of the experimental issue in general. It also gives a presentation of the research-programme. The working pre-conditions are examined in the second part. In the third part the cause of the paralysis of the staff's capability of action is analyzed by viewing the problem from different theoretical perspectives and as a result of a clash between the different "activity-matrices" of the teams. In the fourth part some experiences of the research-methods used are documented. Some difficulties connected with preparation, realization and evaluation of experimental work conditions are examined in the fifth part. The sixth part is a summing up of the earlier parts and presents an analysis of the contradictions actualized during the experimental period.<br><p>Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 1985, härtill 6 uppsatser.</p><br>digitalisering@umu
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HAST, JING. "Homeworkers’ conditions in the garment industry in Thailand." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Textilhögskolan, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-17454.
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This study aims to examine how global competition in the textile industry has affected the homeworkers’ opportunities to develop their entrepreneurship and their own businesses. This Bachelor thesis has a qualitative approach with focus on qualitative interviews which were conducted during a field study in Bangkok, Thailand. The textile industry in Thailand has long been known for their cheap labour, however, globalization has now changed the industry and companies outsource production to countries with even cheaper labour. Globalization has increased the role of subcontractors in the textile industry, which tries to produce as cheap as possible. Factories tend to involve subcontractors in order to find the cheapest and most efficient means of production. This has increased the use of homeworkers, who produce the products in their homes. Competition for work is fierce and many people move from rural areas to larger cities to get a job with an income they can live on. This result in an even worse competition and with their low level of education and no work experience, they are forced to accept employment with poor conditions.Homeworkers work between 14-16 hours per day with minimum wage and they are not protected by laws and have no social benefits. They live very crowded in slums and their houses are not suitable as a working environment. Many homeworkers have health problems caused by long working hours. Children are required to help their parents with easier tasks in addition to the usual household chores. Homeworkers have low education level which is an obstacle to their business knowledge. They also have limited access to financial means to help them develop their entrepreneurship. Organizations working to improve homeworkers working conditions are available although homeworkers rarely know how to come in contact with them. Education is important for homeworkers to develop their entrepreneurial and business skills.<br>Program: Textil produktutveckling och entreprenörskap
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Hast, Jing. "Homeworkers’ conditions in the garment industry in Thailand." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Textilhögskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20941.
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This study aims to examine how global competition in the textile industry has affected the homeworkers’ opportunities to develop their entrepreneurship and their own businesses. This Bachelor thesis has a qualitative approach with focus on qualitative interviews which were conducted during a field study in Bangkok, Thailand. The textile industry in Thailand has long been known for their cheap labour, however, globalization has now changed the industry and companies outsource production to countries with even cheaper labour. Globalization has increased the role of subcontractors in the textile industry, which tries to produce as cheap as possible. Factories tend to involve subcontractors in order to find the cheapest and most efficient means of production. This has increased the use of homeworkers, who produce the products in their homes. Competition for work is fierce and many people move from rural areas to larger cities to get a job with an income they can live on. This result in an even worse competition and with their low level of education and no work experience, they are forced to accept employment with poor conditions.Homeworkers work between 14-16 hours per day with minimum wage and they are not protected by laws and have no social benefits. They live very crowded in slums and their houses are not suitable as a working environment. Many homeworkers have health problems caused by long working hours. Children are required to help their parents with easier tasks in addition to the usual household chores. Homeworkers have low education level which is an obstacle to their business knowledge. They also have limited access to financial means to help them develop their entrepreneurship. Organizations working to improve homeworkers working conditions are available although homeworkers rarely know how to come in contact with them. Education is important for homeworkers to develop their entrepreneurial and business skills.<br>Program: Textil produktutveckling med entreprenörs- och affärsinriktning
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Olsson, Maria, and Annika Holmén. "Lastbilschaufförers upplevelse av Kör- och vilotidslagen och dess betydelse för individens arbetsförhållande." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avd för psykologi och organisationsstudier, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-3504.
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Tidigare forskning om lastbilschaufförers arbetsförhållanden har visat att de utsätts för ett flertal stressorer i arbetet och att de har låg kontroll över sitt arbete. Syftet med studien var att undersöka lastbilschaufförers upplevelse av stress till följd av Europeiska Kör- och vilotidslagen (KoV), hur de upplever sin arbetssituation samt bidra till att öka förståelsen kring lastbilschaufförers arbetsförhållande. Studien omfattade sex manliga lastbilschaufförer från Trestadsregionen (Uddevalla, Trollhättan, Vänersborg) som omfattades av KoV. Samtliga chaufförer hade familj med olika ålder på barn och chaufförernas yrkeserfarenhet varierade mellan 19 och 40 år. Det genomfördes en kvalitativ studie utifrån en tematisk analysmetod. Individuella intervjuer genomfördes. Deltagarna upplevde att KoV begränsade deras möjligheter att utföra sitt arbete, att lagen var oflexibel och dåligt anpassad till verksamheten, vilket de upplevde ledde till frustration, stress och känslan av maktlöshet. Studien visade att KoV bidrog till sämre arbetsförhållande och trafiksäkerhet samt att den digitala färdskrivaren var bristfällig och dåligt anpassad till verksamheten. Deltagarna saknade möjligheten till flexibilitet i KoV och att det skulle förbättra deras arbetsförhållande. Studien visade att det krävs ett vidare perspektiv än reglering av körtid, rast och vilotid för att förbättra lastbilschaufförers arbetsförhållanden.<br>Previous research on truck drivers working conditions has shown that they are exposed to a number of stressors at work and that they have low degree of control over their work. The aim of the study was to examine the truck drivers’ experience of stress as a result of European hours-of-service regulations (HoS), how they experience their work situation and help to increase understanding about truck drivers’ working condition. The study included six male truck drivers from the region (Uddevalla, Trollhättan, Vänersborg) covered by the HoS. All drivers had family with children of different ages and the drivers’ experience of the profession was between 19 and 40 years. A qualitative study based on a thematic analysis method was carried out. Individual interviews were conducted. Participants felt that HoS limited their ability to perform their job, that the law was inflexible and poorly adapted to the business, which they felt led to frustration, stress and feelings of powerlessness. The study showed that HoS contributed to experienced poor working conditions and road safety, and that the digital tachograph was incomplete and poorly adapted to their business. The participants missed the option of flexibility with HoS as it would improve their working relationship. The study concluded that for truck drivers to improve working conditions a broader perspective than regulations of driving time, breaks and rest periods is needed.
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Alves, Thiago Ocampos. "Entre o consentimento e a resistência: o sindicato metalúrgicos de São José dos Campos em tempos de desregulação das leis trabalhistas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8132/tde-08012013-114702/.
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As mudanças ocorridas na década de 1990 no mundo trabalhista com a aplicação de Políticas Neoliberais no Brasil culminaram na desregulamentação da legislação do trabalho, influenciando a organização dos trabalhadores. A implementação de medidas que flexibilizam a legislação trabalhista cria novas táticas para a formação de um consentimento operário com a finalidade de garantir a flexibilização das relações trabalhistas e um crescimento da produtividade capitalista, com ganhos adicionais pela alteração das relações de trabalho. Este estudo tem como principal objetivo analisar como se estabelecem as relações entre as mudanças e o impacto e a apropriação que o Sindicato dos Metalúrgicos de São José dos Campos e Região tem das mesmas, nos últimos anos no Brasil. A pesquisa enfatizará a nova configuração da condição operária que transformou a forma tradicional de negociação salarial dos trabalhadores, modificando as reivindicações sindicais, a forma de participação operária nas empresas e etc.. As mudanças emergem acompanhadas de um processo de reestruturação produtiva visando o aumento da produtividade e seguindo a tendência mundial de perda coletiva de direitos, mas sua aplicação não se estabelece de maneira passiva; ela engendra novos códigos e táticas de negociação coletiva, além de diversas estratégias de resistência por parte dos trabalhadores. O Sindicato dos Metalúrgicos de São José dos Campos e Região como campo específico para a realização da pesquisa se justifica por se tratar este de um dos sindicatos pioneiros na resistência à aplicação das medidas que flexibilizam a legislação do trabalho no Brasil, além de localizar-se num dos pólos industriais e tecnológicos mais importantes do país. Por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com os dirigentes sindicais o estudo procura compreender como ocorreu o processo de flexibilização das leis trabalhistas, as estratégias para a construção e conformação do consentimento operário por parte dos empresários e as resistências que o sindicato realiza diante do avanço patronal.<br>The changes occurred in the 1990s in the labor world with the application of Neo-liberal Policies in Brazil led to the deregulation of labor laws, affecting the organization of workers. The implementation of measures that make labor legislation more flexible creates new tactics for the formation of a workers\' agreement in order to ensure the flexibility of labor relations and growth in capitalism productivity, with further gains by the change in labor relations. This study has as main objective to analyze how relationships are established within changes and the impact and the appropriation of Metalworkers Union of São José dos Campos and the surrounding region in the last years in Brazil. The research will highlight the new setting of labor conditions that have changed the traditional way of negotiating wages, modifying the union demands, the way workers participate in companies, etc. The changes emerge accompanied by a productive restructuring process aimed at increasing the productivity and following the global trend of collective loss of rights, but its application is not established in a passive way, it engenders new codes and tactics of collective negotiation, and several resistance strategies by workers. The Metalworkers Union of São José dos Campos and Region as a specific field for the making of this research is justified because it is one of the pioneers in the trade union resistance to implementing the measures that made labor legislation more flexible in Brazil, besides being located in one of the most important industrial and technological areas of the country. Through semi-structured interviews with union leaders the study seeks to understand how was the process of making the labor laws more flexible, the strategies to build and shape the workers consent on the part of entrepreneurs and the resistance that the union hold against the employer\'s advance.
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Andrade, Anete Negreiros. "Trabalho e educação: a formação profissional de jovens operários." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2012. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/1916.
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Previous issue date: 2012-10-26<br>A pesquisa pretende compreender o impacto da formação profissional na constituição dos jovens e de sua condição operária. Para isso analisa a formação profissional oferecida pelo SENAI a jovens trabalhadores na planta da empresa alemã Mercedes-Benz em Juiz de Fora. A relação educação e trabalho foi impactada pelas grandes transformações econômicas e sociais dos anos 1990. A educação passou a ser percebida como mecanismo privilegiado de inserção e ascensão no mercado de trabalho. É nessa conjuntura que os jovens, oriundos da classe trabalhadora, constroem suas estratégias de vida. A educação profissional se tornou um espaço de disputa ideológica: por um lado, as forças progressistas formularam um projeto de educação aliado a bandeira de luta dos trabalhadores, que foi derrotado pelo Governo FHC; de outro lado, o projeto de educação construído em consonância com os interesses do capital e do mercado, no intuito de alinhar a educação ao processo de ajuste neoliberal. É no espaço da educação profissional, hegemonizada pelo capital, que os jovens operários se formam, e na relação com uma ação sindical sobrevivente que ele procura estabelecer nexos com a sua condição de classe. A pesquisa busca mostrar a força desse projeto de formação profissional na configuração da subjetividade desses jovens, no momento em que estes constroem seus vínculos com a condição operária, que se refunda em um cenário de reorganização do mundo do trabalho.<br>The research aims to understand the impact of education for work in the constitution of young people and their working condition. For that analyzes the training offered by SENAI for young workers in the unit of the German company Mercedes-Benz in Juiz de Fora. The relationship between education and work has been affected by major economic and social transformations of the 1990s. Education came to be perceived as a privileged mechanism of ascent and insertion in the labor market. It is at this conjuncture that the young people from the working class build their life strategies. The education for work has become an area of ideological dispute: on the one hand, the progressive forces have formulated an education project together with the workers, which was defeated by the FHC government; on the other hand, the education project built in consonance with the interests of the capital and the market, in order to conciliate the education with the process of neoliberal adjustment. It is in the education for work space, hegemony by the capital, that young workers are formed. And in the relation with a survivor trade union action, they seek to establish linkages with their class condition. The research aims to show the strength of this education for work project in setting the subjectivity of young people, when they build their links with the working class, which reshapes in a scenario of reorganization of the working world.
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SANTANA, Adeilde Francisca de. "Condições de trabalho e qualidade de vida dos empregados em um frigorífico de abate de frango em Pernambuco." Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2015. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/6419.
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Previous issue date: 2015-02-05<br>The objective of this study is to analyze the working conditions in a chicken slaughter refrigerator in Pernambuco can impact the quality of life of employees. In competitive times organizations seek to increase their productivity, reduce their costs and compete in markets with higher profit margin. The identification of these results, in most cases, can affect the physical and mental conditions of employees working in these organizations. The research is qualitative with quantitative contribution. A questionnaire script using the Likert scale and frequency analysis was used, and evaluation capacity and intensity adopted in the WHOQOL-100, the World Health Organization The adopted research model is based on the criteria of Walton (1973) and of sub Fernandes (1996) and Detoni (2001). Data were analyzed using the weighted mean finding the value of the average ranking of the answers of the respondents for each criterion. The index of each criterion is represented by a radar chart. The results showed that the employees surveyed have sharp perception of quality of life, environmental conditions and work processes that affect their quality of life. However, it was perceived problems with the environment, working conditions and the need to invest in human capital. Note that the absence of such investment in HR impacts the quality of life of workers reduces productivity and product quality. The model adopted in this study enables stakeholders to review current practices and labor policies in cold chicken slaughter and opens a huge site research agenda, including other activities.<br>O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar como as condições de trabalho em um frigorífico de abate de frango em Pernambuco podem impactar na qualidade de vida dos empregados. Em tempos de competitividade as organizações buscam aumentar sua produtividade, diminuir seus custos e competir nos mercados com maior margem de lucro. A busca desses resultados, na maioria das vezes, pode afetar as condições físicas e mentais dos funcionários que trabalham nessas organizações. A pesquisa tem o caráter qualitativo com aporte quantitativo. Foi utilizado um roteiro de questionário com o uso da Escala tipo Likert e análise de frequência, capacidade e avaliação e intensidade adotado no instrumento WHOQOL-100, da Organização Mundial de Saúde O modelo de pesquisa adotado está baseado nos critérios de Walton (1973) e dos subcritérios de Fernandes (1996) e de Detoni (2001). Os dados foram analisados utilizando a média ponderada e encontrando o valor do ranking médio das respostas dos respondentes para cada critério. O índice de cada critério está representado por um gráfico modelo radar. Os resultados encontrados apontaram que os funcionários pesquisados possuem percepção acentuada acerca da qualidade de vida, das condições ambientais e dos processos de trabalho que afetam a sua qualidade de vida. Entretanto, foi percebido problemas com o ambiente, com as condições de trabalho e com a necessidade de investir no capital humano. Nota-se que a inexistência desse investimento em RH impacta a qualidade de vida dos trabalhadores reduz a produtividade e qualidade dos produtos. O modelo adotado no presente estudo possibilita aos interessados revisar as atuais práticas e políticas de trabalho nos frigoríficos de abate de frango além de abrir uma enorme agenda local de pesquisa, incluindo-se outras atividades.
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Новгородцева, Д. С. "Покращення економічного стану промислового підприємства". Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2021. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/82526.
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Метою кваліфікаційної роботи є встановлення економічного стану промислових підприємств та знаходження шляхів його покращення.
Об’єктом дослідження є процеси переходу до покращення економічного стану промислових підприємств.
Предметом дослідження є теоретичні і практичні питання визначення незадовільного економічного стану промислового підприємства та впровадження заходів щодо покращення такого стану.
Методи дослідження: аналіз, синтез, порівняння, графічний метод представлення даних і матеріалу, діалектичний метод, абстрактно-логічний, системного аналізу, розрахунково-конструктивний.
У першому розділі «Теоритичні основи формування прибутку суб’єктів господарювання та шляхи його збільшення» розглянуто загальне поняття прибутку підприємства, визначено ознаки та основні причини його зниження, а також розкрито питання шляхів та напрямків збільшення прибутку.
У другому розділі "Методичні підходи до використання та збільшення прибутку підприємства" проаналізована структура прибутку, показники прибутку та здійснений аналіз щодо можливих резервів підвищення прибутку.
У третьому розділі "Аналіз та шляхи покращення економічного стану підприємства на прикладі Качанівського ГПЗ" проаналізовано економічний стан підприємства на прикладі Качанівського ГПЗ та запропоновано план заходів щодо покращення економічного стану підприємства.
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Hultgren, Viktoria, Layla Ibrahim, and Alwan Nagoua Hassan. "All-inclusive hotellens påverkan i Alanya : En fält- och intervjustudie om hållbarheten i destinationen." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-23376.
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Denna studie behandlar Turkiets turistdestination Alanya utifrån ett hållbarhetsperspektiv. Vidare om all-inclusivehotellens påverkan på destinationen. Syftet med studien är att undersöka de sociala, ekonomiska och miljömässiga faktorerna. För att analysera detta använder vi oss av teorier som berör hållbar utveckling och hållbar turism samt positiva och negativa aspekter av all-inclusivekonceptet. Metoden för undersökningen är kvalitativ där en fält- och intervjustudie genomförs i Alanya. För att studera den sociala påverkan på destinationen undersöks turister och lokalbefolkningen samt arbetsvillkoren för anställda. Dessutom undersöks de internationella reseföretagen och all-inclusivehotellens ekonomiska och miljömässiga påverkan på destinationen. Resultat visar att Alanya inte bara är en charterdestination utan en all-inclusivedestination. Den snabba uppkomsten av all-inclusivehotell har lett till en ohållbar utveckling för destinationen.<br>This essay concerns the tourist destination Alanya in Turkey from a sustainable perspective and the impact all-inclusivehotels have on the destination. The purpose of the essay is to examine social, economic and environmental impacts in Alanya. To analyse it we use theories of sustainable development and sustainable tourism together with theories of all-inclusivehotels benefits and disadvantages. A field- and interview survey was conducted in Alanya to study the social effect on the destination. Tourist, locals and employees working condition are examined. Furthermore the essay analyses international travel agencies and all-inclusivehotels environmental and economic impacts. Conclusion of the essay presents that Alanya is not only a charter destination, it’s an all-inclusive destination. The rapid grow of all-inclusivehotels in Alanya have affected an unsustainable development in the destination.
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Maia, Tarsis de Mattos. "A inserção do nutricionista na atenção primária: o caso da microrregião de saúde de Viçosa - MG." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5137/tde-22092010-115829/.
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A Atenção Primária à Saúde é locus privilegiado para a realização de atividades que evoquem a alimentação saudável, assim como o desenvolvimento de outras ações características desse nível de complexidade. Nesse sentido, a abordagem dos problemas relacionados à alimentação e nutrição é objeto do trabalho do nutricionista. O objetivo do estudo foi identificar os modos de inserção do nutricionista na atenção primária da microrregião de saúde de Viçosa-MG. Trata-se de um estudo de caso exploratório em que foram utilizadas técnicas de pesquisa quanti e qualitativa, de modo complementar, com aplicação de questionários semi-estruturados, entrevistas e grupo focal aplicadas ao grupo de nutricionistas (n=16) que trabalhavam em estabelecimentos de saúde da atenção primária. Foram realizadas análises dos dados de natureza descritiva e a análise dos dados qualitativos seguiu a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo. Os resultados encontrados apontam para um grupo majoritariamente feminino e com elevado nível de escolaridade. As atividades exercidas foram em sua maioria direcionadas ao atendimento clínico em consultório com algumas profissionais, principalmente aquelas vinculadas a estratégia Saúde da Família (SF), executando atividades em equipes e utilizando os equipamentos sociais existentes nas comunidades. Foram relatadas precárias condições de trabalho no que se refere à estrutura física das unidades de saúde e aos equipamentos básicos de trabalho do nutricionista, funcionando como dificuldades na condução do trabalho e gerando insatisfação. Elementos característicos da organização do trabalho na SF como o trabalho em equipe, a visita domiciliar e a proximidade das unidades de saúde com a comunidade foram valorizados pelas nutricionistas atuantes ou não na estratégia. O trabalho foi, na percepção das entrevistadas, relacionado a elementos favoráveis de sua condução, ligados a valorização profissional, reconhecimento e gratificação, mas também a elementos desfavoráveis vinculados à pratica profissional quando ligadas a entraves políticos, administrativos locais e sensação de desamparo por parte das organizações e linhas de comando da saúde, refletindo em uma percepção conflituosa sobre o trabalho. A inserção das nutricionistas na atenção primária, assim como a condução de suas práticas profissionais foi reflexo da presença e influência de diferentes modelos de atenção à saúdes coexistentes nos municípios da microrregião.<br>Primary health care is privileged locus for the realization of activities that invokes healthy food, including development of others actions characteristic to this level of complexity. In this case, approachment of problems related to food and nutrition is part of nutritionist\'s work. The aim of this study is to identify manners of inserting nutritionists in primary health care in Viçosa (MG) microregional. It treats about a case explorative study in which were used quantity and quality techniques. In a complementary manner, semi-structured surveys, interviews and focus groups were applied to nutritionists (n=16) who worked in health\'s primary care establishment. Key-informants were interviewed and some municipal documents were analyzed. Results point to a mostly female group with high level in education. Realized activities were headed to clinical appointments and, at some cases, mainly related to Family Health strategy (SF), executing team activities and using already existent social equipments in the communities. Poor working conditions related to health centers physical structure and poor basic equipments for nutritionist\'s work were mentioned, working difficulties also caused dissatisfaction. Characteriscally elements of work organization in SF like team-work, housing visits and proximity to health centers to were valued by nutritionists. The work was, in nutritionist\'s perspective, related to positive elements in its conduction like professional value, recognizing and rewarding, but there were also disadvantageous elements. Those elements were related to politics hinders, local administration and health guidelines command, reflecting as a conflict perception about work . The nutritionist\'s insertion to primary health care, such as its conduction at professional practice was the reflex of presence and influence of different models of health\'s attention, co-existing in the microregional cities.
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Ferreira, Ana Lucy Rodrigues. "O uso de instrumentos de análise ergonômica no processo de trabalho agrícola: o caso da colheita mecanizada da cana-de-açúcar." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/3756.
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Previous issue date: 2014-03-27<br>Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos<br>The changing in the labor dynamics of the sugarcane harvesting, occasioned by integration of mechanical harvesters, has subjected workers to new working conditions, increasing the interactions with machines, and consequently causing new diseases and work accidents. For improving the performance of work so that this becomes less destructive of human capabilities, is important the use of instruments that allow the identification of risks from man-labor ratio, which are identified through the study of literature in Ergonomics. This study aimed to verify the applicability of the checkpoints of the instrument Ergonomic Checkpoints in Agriculture to the work situation in the context of mechanized harvesting of cane sugar. A review of the relevant issues related to the study was accomplished, considering the themes: Ergonomics, ergonomic analysis tools and working conditions; process of mechanized production of cane sugar, with a focus on the process of harvesting and working conditions; and, finally, the study of the instrument Ergonomic Checkpoints in Agriculture. Subsequently, the analysis of the instrument was accomplished, which was constituted of the following principal stages. Initially, the checkpoints of the instrument were classified considering the workloads, and the similarity of content. Posteriorly, the checkpoints were analysed with respect the applicability in the job functions found in mechanical harvesting of cane sugar process. As a result, 84 checkpoints were classified into 23 clusters and 16 checkpoints were not grouped, among which 11 clusters and 8 checkpoints, which represent 53% of the content of the instrument, were identified with potential of application in the sugarcane mechanical harvesting. The checkpoints identified may assist in the evaluation and implementation of better working conditions, considering the ergonomic point of view, in the mechanical harvesting of sugarcane.<br>A mudança na dinâmica de trabalho no processo de colheita da cana-de-açúcar, através da crescente inserção de colhedoras mecânicas, tem submetido os trabalhadores a novas condições de trabalho, que inclui a interação com máquinas e equipamentos, ocasionando doenças ocupacionais. Para melhoria das condições de realização do trabalho de forma que esse se torne menos destrutivo das capacidades humanas, é necessária a utilização de instrumentos que permitam a identificação de riscos provenientes da relação homem-trabalho, que são identificados através do estudo da literatura em Ergonomia. Este trabalho objetivou verificar a aplicabilidade dos pontos de verificação do instrumento Ergonomic Checkpoints in Agriculture à situação de trabalho no contexto da colheita mecanizada da cana-de-açúcar. Foi realizada uma revisão sobre os temas relevantes que envolvem o estudo, isto é: Ergonomia, instrumentos de análise ergonômica e condições de trabalho; processo de produção mecanizada da cana-de-açúcar, com enfoque no processo de colheita e nas condições de trabalho advindas deste processo; e, estudo do instrumento Ergonomic Checkpoints in Agriculture. Posteriormente, foi realizada a análise do instrumento, que se constituiu das etapas de classificação dos pontos de verificação do instrumento por cargas de trabalho, por similaridade de conteúdo, e da análise da aplicabilidade dos pontos de verificação considerando as características e as funções de trabalho encontradas no processo de colheita mecanizada da cana-de-açúcar. Como resultados, 84 pontos de verificação foram classificados em 23 agrupamentos e 16 pontos de verificação não foram agrupados, dentre os quais foram identificados 11 agrupamentos e 8 pontos de verificação aplicáveis, que representam 53% do conteúdo do instrumento. Os pontos de verificação identificados podem auxiliar na avaliação e implementação de melhores condições de trabalho, do ponto de vista ergonômico, na colheita mecanizada da cana-de-açúcar.
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Piney, Cécile. "Transformation de l'activité d'encadrement de proximité : que fait le pilotage par la performance à la "proximité" des cadres ? : Le cas d'une grande administration publique." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CNAM1022/document.
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Depuis les années 2000, la France a mis en place d'importantes politiques de réformes de l'Etat. Ayant pour ambition affichée de moderniser la gestion de l'Etat en le recentrant sur ses missions prioritaires comme améliorer le service rendu à l'usager et réduire les dépenses publiques, ces réformes ont des répercussions sur l'ensemble des acteurs, et notamment sur les cadres de proximité. Pris en tenaille entre leur hiérarchie qui fixe des objectifs de performance et leur équipe qui « fait » le travail, ces cadres traduisent au quotidien les objectifs en missions concrètes.Dans le but de mieux comprendre cette posture d'équilibriste et ses conséquences sur l'activité et la santé des cadres, cette thèse s'intéresse à l'activité des cadres de proximité de la Direction Générale des Finances Publiques (DGFiP), créée en 2008 et qui s'inscrit dans la ligne du New Public Management. Ces cadres A encadrants sont issus des deux anciennes filières distinguées avant la fusion, et dont les cultures respectives diffèrent au niveau de l'approche du pilotage par la performance et de la relation aux agents. Dans une administration en changement permanent, ils sont tiraillés par des injonctions contradictoires, qui remettent continuellement en question leur positionnement vis-à-vis de la hiérarchie versus équipe encadrée, des objectifs de performance versus conditions de vie au travail, des logiques managériales versus logiques de technicité du métier. Un détour par la littérature pluridisciplinaire (sciences de gestion, sociologie, psychologie), abondante notamment sur le rôle et le positionnement des cadres de proximité, pointe pourtant un creux sur le contenu-même de ce travail. En ergonomie, les quelques recherches sur le travail des cadres de proximité s'intéressent plutôt à l'analyse des situations de travail. Nous proposons pour notre part d'analyser cette activité sous le prisme des parcours professionnels au sens de Gaudart & Ledoux (2013), c'est-à-dire comme une succession d'emplois ou de fonctions d'une part, et d'autre part un parcours de travail entendu comme un accroissement du temps vécu (Molinié, Gaudart & Pueyo, 2012) pointant les rôles de l'expérience. Notre objectif est de comprendre à la fois comment les transformations du travail impactent l'activité des cadres de proximité et en quoi l'expérience peut être une ressource dans la réalisation de cette activité, notamment vis-à-vis de la régulation du couple distances/proximités par ces cadres.Notre stratégie de recherche combine cinq méthodes : l'analyse d'un dispositif existant dénommé « espace de dialogue » et de ses contenus ; des entretiens notamment de reconstitution des parcours professionnels et sur le dialogue de gestion ; des observations de l'activité de 14 cadres de proximité ; des auto-confrontations à partir des traces de l'activité ; et l'organisation d'ateliers réflexifs<br>Since the 2000s, France set up important policies of State reforms. The aim of these reforms is to modernize the French State management by refocusing this one on its missions' priority as to improve the service provided to the user and to reduce the public spending. These reforms have repercussions on all the actors, in particular on the first-line managers. Between their hierarchy which sets goals of performance and their teams which “do” the work, these first-line managers translate day-to-day the objectives into concrete missions.In order to understand this balanced posture and its consequences on the activity and on the health of managers, this thesis is interested in the activity of the Head office of the Public finances' first-line managers. This administration was created in 2008 and joins in the line of New Public Management. This kind of managers is from the two former sectors which existed before the merger: the respective cultures differ in the approach of performance-based management and the relation to the agents. In an administration in permanent change, the first-line managers are pulled by contradictory orders. This kind of orders questions constantly the positioning towards the hierarchy and supervised team, towards objectives of performance and living conditions at work, towards logics of technical skill and managerial logics. Although the multidisciplinary literature – sciences of management, sociology, psychology – is extensive in particular on the role and the positioning of the first-line managers, the contents of their work are few approached. In ergonomics, some researches on the work of the first-line managers are rather interested in the analysis of working situations. For our part, we suggest analyzing this activity under the prism of the careers (Gaudart & Ledoux, 2013). These careers represent a succession of jobs or functions and a working course with an increase of real-life time (Molinié, Gaudart & Pueyo, 2012) which points at the experience's roles. Our two objectives are to understand how the work transformations impact on the first-line managers' activity and how the experience can be a resource to realize this activity, in particular to regulate the couple closeness / distances by these managers.Our strategy of research combines five methods: the analysis of an existing “space of dialogue” plan and its contents, interviews of the careers' reconstruction, observations of the 14 managers' activity, auto-confrontations from the tracks of the activity, and the organization of reflexive workshops
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Lin, Po-Hsun, and 林伯勳. "Research on Working Condition of Reporter: Definition of Working Time." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/w882rr.
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碩士<br>國立交通大學<br>科技法律研究所<br>106<br>The topic about quality of news is urgent for a long time. The author of this article also wants to deal with this topic from his own view. By empirical study, the author finds the standard of working condition of reporter, especially the condition regarding working time, related to this topic directly. As a result, the author address working time of reporter as the mainly issue in this article.
Before dealing with foregoing topic, the author study the article and judgment regarding definition of working time. As a result, the author finds the definition of working time is the time when employee is under the supervision of employer. Moreover, the author study the judgment of Court of Justice of the European Union which related to Directive 2003/88/EC. Subsequently, the author find that the way to distinguish whether employee is under the supervision of employer is to investigate whether employee can use such period on his/her own way freely or not.
Besides, the author investigates reporter’s actual process of working by empirical study. As a result, the author finds there is some characteristics which could be summarized as four legal questions in this process. Subsequently, the author answer those questions on the basis of Labor Standards Act, Directive 2003/88/EC, judgement and theory related to it.
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Lin, Serena Yi-Ying. "Wage and working condition differentials among U.S. agricultural workers." 2006. https://www.library.georgetown.edu/reserves/etd/etd_sl337.pdf.
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Chun, Wu Yi, and 吳依純. "Working Capital Policies and Financial Performance：Comparative Studies in DifferentEconomic Condition." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62147119928928628907.
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碩士<br>中國文化大學<br>國際企業管理研究所<br>91<br>The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between working capital policy and financial performance. Numerous attempts have been made by scholars to show that economic condition(such as business cycle) is an important factor that influence working capital management and its financial performance. As a finance manager, how to select an appropriate working capital policy to cope with different economic condition for better performance is the question this paper would like to answer. In this paper, I selected the information technology and electronics industry as my research objectives.In order to examine my hypothesis, there were 1699 samples (from 1999 to 2001)obtained from Taiwan Securities and Futures Institution Data Base, using Cluster analysis、ANOVA、MANOVA、Regression Analysis and the following results were obtained：
First, in working capital investment policy, managers in IT industry would prefer Maturity Matching policy；in working capital financing policy, most of them prefer Aggressive Approach. In addition, different approach would result in different performance.
Second, in different economic condition there were actually significant different working capital policies that adopted.
Finally, there was positive relation between working capital policy and financial performance whether in good or bad economic condition.
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Anh, Vu Thi Ngoc, and 武氏玉映. "The Investigation of Working- Condition Satisfaction of Vietnamese Workers in Taiwan." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02150739498414952792.
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碩士<br>萬能科技大學<br>經營管理研究所<br>105<br>From the late 1970s, Taiwan's economic had quickly developed to cause a shortage of large number of domestic workers. In October 1989, Taiwan government in response to the construction of the public sector passed the fourteen construction project for manpower demand program. The first major public construction projects be open to input foreign workers, then positioning for short-term supplemental labor and limited number of industries and until 1994 in response to the serious problem of unemployment, and has repeatedly frozen and reduced labor in some sectors . Nevertheless, during the government open several foreign labor for empoyer and industry (Jiangfeng Fu, 2005), it led to the number of foreign workers was rising rapidly, increasing from 2,999 people in 1991 rise to 326,515 people in the end of 2000 this increase more than 108 times.
According to latest statistics from the Ministry of Labor in late February 2015 breaking the 557,774 foreign workers, which industry labor 333,747 people, the welfare of foreign workers 224,027 people, totaling 527,774 people. Which the Indonesian 233,228 workers ;Vietnames 151,776 workers ; Philippines 113,452 workers;Thai 59,311 workers; Malaysian 3 workers ;Monglian 1 workers and others 1 workers.But with the increase in the number of foreign workers, Up to Indonesian workers, and the second is the Vietnamese workers because I was Vietnam, I went to Taiwan to study. I noticed that a lot of people choose Vietnam to Taiwan to work. I feel very curious, for what reasons people prefer to Vietnam to Taiwan to work as such, may be due to the work environment and benefits for employees very well? so I decided to The Investigation of Working – Condition Satisfaction of Vietnamese Workers in Taiwan.
The research variable material obtains picks the provide questionnaire way, altogether sends out 120 questionnaire, the reflex winding effective sample number is 100 questionnaire, the effective reflex winding rate is 83.4% ,after recycling effective questionnaire by SPSS : descriptive statistics, Cronbach’s α , ANOVA, independent samples T test.
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Hung, Yu-Min, and 洪郁閔. "Develop the thermoelectric-chip application subjected to working condition of temperature difference." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59766669864029927878.
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碩士<br>國立宜蘭大學<br>機械與機電工程學系碩士班<br>104<br>The thermoelectric chip is a popular semiconductor material in the past decade. With several special advantage of transforming the form of energy, thermoelectric chip has been gradually arisen public interest. Such as power generated could be expected while finite temperature differences exists between two sides of thermoelectric chip, and a reversed chilling effect might be accessed if the current is subjected. Thus the wide use of chip applications can be confirmed, while the investigation of performance for the thermoelectric chips, as the main purpose in this article, will be undergone by related experiment. That could be believed to be avalible for thermoelectric refrigerator, hot spring energy generation and auxilaury light using boost circuit.
Since thermoelectric generator, only provides a few microvolts output voltages at low temperature differences environment, will not meet the economic benefits, an expanded circuit of ELC-W0422-2 to amplify the output voltage is still additionally designed for thermoelectric generator intended light emitting diode. Moreover, relevant information about boost circuit is still less so that, the test of IC, LTC3108, embedded in self-developed boost circuit has become the primary task in this research.
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Pan, Chun-Hung, and 潘俊宏. "The "Reality" under News Making-Out – Working Condition and Professional Anxiety of Photojournalists." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98053411756326371277.
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Huang, Yang-tien, and 黃仰田. "The Relations of Change of Working Shift System、Quality of Life and Working Condition--Case Study of Semiconductor Electron Corp." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/54972982121457366541.
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碩士<br>義守大學<br>管理研究所碩士班<br>95<br>Following via age moving on and technologies improvement, most companies are currently applying shift basis working model in order to speed up the return rate of investment due to globalization demand and high expense of equipment. However, the employees under shift basis are easy to be un-accommodated in both physical and psychology which leads into change of personal live habit and biological clock, confusion of society behavior, and none-fitted life due to uncertain working schedule. The research focus on in-line operator who experienced from 3 shift basis to 4 shifts /2 rotations basis and discuss the relationship between job performance and living quality.
The survey research target on in-line operator of semi-conductor assembly company. The efficient survey return rate is 86.9% with 304 efficient samples out of 350.The survey applied t-test, single factor variation analysis, and multi-regression analysis to come out employee living.
Quality and job performance relationship as outcome below:
1. Two factors, marriage condition and age of personal characteristic, observed significant difference with living quality on targets who transfers from 3 shifts basis to 4 shifts/2 rotations basis while no significant difference observed in sexuality, average income, and total working experience after transferring to shift basis.
2. Base on the analysis result, 3 shifts basis change to different 4 shifts / 2 rotations have significant difference on living quality with average value of t/F=2.858，p<0.05. The result supports the assumption of the method that changes from 3 shifts basis to different 4 shifts / 2 rotations have significant difference on living quality.
3. Base on the analysis result, 3 shifts basis change to different 4 shifts / 2 rotations have significant difference on working condition with average value of t/F=5.97，p<0.05. The result supports the assumption of the method that changes from 3 shifts basis to different 4 shifts / 2 rotations have significant difference on working condition.
4. Base on the analysis result, the good living quality has significant impact on working condition with average of t/F=69.65，p<0.05. The result supports the assumption of positive relationship between good quality and working condition.
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Li, Liang-Ying, and 李亮瑩. "Advancing Technology for Fast Evaluating Engineering eological Condition in Working Face and Support Performance." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/fddxrp.
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碩士<br>國立臺北科技大學<br>資源工程研究所<br>101<br>This research proposes an advancing technology to fast evaluate geological conditions and support performance of working face in rock tunnels, providing early warning of engineering disasters, enhancement and refinement of excavation method, and the foundation of exquisite tunnel engineering. By continuously and quantitatively recording the behavior around the working face, we can express the interaction between the surrounding rock and supports dynamically. The procedures contain a scanning of ground LiDAR which quickly obtain precise point cloud data in the vicinity of the working face. The data is analyzed to estimate rock discontinuities parameters and possible key blocks. Moreover, evaluating the performance of excavation, the thickness of shotcrete and the displacements of surrounding rock can provide a basis to adjust the construction method or the design. A tunnel excavated in metamorphic rock in eastern Taiwan is taken to verify and apply the proposed technology.
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chou, Cheng-jen, and 周政仁. "Boundary Shifts, Indeterminable Nursing Work -- “Investigating and Evaluating An ER Nursing Staff’s Working Condition”." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56938g.
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Hsiung, Shih-Yao, and 熊師瑤. "The study of Positive Pymalion condition, coworker's working attitude and the soldier's prejudice change." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07090596937242812554.
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碩士<br>國防大學政治作戰學院<br>心理碩士班<br>99<br>The military emphasizes the team work. Any negative cognition or feeling among members would possibly affect the effectiveness of the military. However, prejudice is anywhere around our life. There is no exception in the military. Theresearcher thought that positive Pyg-malion condition and the partner's positive working attitude might re-duce the prejudice among soldiers. Therefore, in order to analyze the
question above, the researcher developed a questionnaire to understand the volunteer soldiers’ and the conscript soldiers’ thoughts about each other; explored whether the volunteer soldiers and the conscript soldiers could change their prejudice or not under the positive Pyg-malion condition and analyzed whether the volunteer soldiers and the
conscript soldiers would change their prejudice because of their partner’s work attitude under the positive Pygmalion condition. The subjects were 173 soldiers at basic level companies. The researcher used “quasi-experimental designs” and assigned subjects to one of six situations based on their pretest scores. The result showed:
1、 Most of the soldiers reduced their cognitive prejudice, but in-
creased negative emotions after treatment.
2、 The conscript soldiers’ prejudice regarding the volunteer soldiers
were higher than the volunteer soldiers’ prejudice regarding the
conscript soldiers.
3、 Positive Pygmalion condition could decrease the soldiers’prejudice
regarding each other.
4、 Under positive Pygmalion condition, the partner’s working attitude
could decrease or increase the soldiers’ prejudice.
5、 In general, the changing direction of the soldiers’ cognitive pre-
judice and affective prejudice was different.
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Lin, Ting-Ti, and 林挺迪. "The correlation between working condition and health status of nursing personnel in nursing homes." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57996790845595191838.
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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>護理學研究所<br>100<br>Objective: To understand working conditions and potential occupational hazards among nursing personnel of nursing homes, and to formulate strategic plans for improvement.
Method: A self-administered questionnaire was used to identify the biological, physical and chemical, psychological, and ergonomic hazards in the work environment of nursing personnel of nursing homes. Chinese Job Content Questionnaire, Chinese Copenhagen Burnout Inventory, Chinese Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire were used to measure the health status of nursing personnel in nursing homes. A total of 70 nursing homes hiring more than 10 registered nurses were recruited into the study. An expert focus group and 2 fields of nursing homes visits were performed to better understand the occupational hazard of nursing homes.
Results: A total of 477 elegible questionnaires were completed and returned by registered nurses and nurse assistants for final analysis. The mean age was 37.7 years among all respondents. As for biological hazards, 38 (8.0%) nursing personnel sustained at least one needlestick injury in the past 12 months, 86 (18.0%) had exposed to blood or body fluids, and 274 (57.4%) had to care for highly infectious patients. After controlling for demographic and work-related variables in regression analysis, needlestick injuries were associated with high job strain of registered nurses. In regard to physical and chemical hazards, having exposed to ionizing radiation through X-ray, angiography, caring for patients undergoing chemotherapy, or handling cancer therapeutic agents were relatively rare in nursing homes. However, 76.9% (n=367) of nursing personnel had contacted with disinfectants, and 45 (9.4%) of them suffered discomfort due to such contacts. As for psychosocial hazards, 56.6% (n=270) of respondents worked in shifts. 33.3% (n=159) of respondents exposed to low job control, 39.4% (n=188) were with high job demand, and 15.1% (n=72) were in high job strain. 44.4% (n=212) of respondents exposed to low workplace justice, and 32.5% (n=155) were with low employment security. After controlling for demographic and work-related variables in regression analysis, for registered nurses, low job control was associated with high personal burnout and client. High job demand was the risk factors of high personal burnout of registered nurses. As for registered nurses and nursing assistants, high job demand was related to high work burnout and musculoskeletal discomfort related to work. For registered nurses, the low level of employment security was the risk factor for high level of personal burnout. Moreover, it was also associated with high level of personal burnout, work burnout, and client burnout for nursing assiatants. The low level of workplace justice was the risk factor for high level of personal burnout, work burnout of registered nurses and nursing assistants. For nursing assistants, it was the risk factor of high client burnout as well. As for ergonomic hazards, the prevalence of musculoskeletal discomforts was 94.8% (n=452). In the terms of discomfort location, shoulder (84.4%) was the most commonly reported affected area, followed by neck (74.4%) and lower back (74.4%). In the multiple regression analysis, for registered nurses, standing for longer than 6 hours was highly associated with high level of job strain. Twisting waist more than 20 times during work was also the risk factor for musculoskeletal discomforts in the past year.
Conclusion: This study has identified that the work environment of nursing homes would affect health status of nursing personnel in different aspects, including biological, psychosocial, and ergonomic hazards. To minimize those health effects on nursing home staff, improving the working environment practically and designing educational programs in preventing occupationally induced harms are warranted. A periodical evaluation system is also suggested, to better understand the psychosocial conditions of nursing home nursing personnel.
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Chou, Han-Wei, and 周漢威. "Emotional labor and mental health condition of nurses working at different level hospital in Taiwan." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/867fbb.
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碩士<br>國立清華大學<br>經營管理碩士在職專班<br>105<br>The research team tried to study the emotional labor and mental health condition of nurses working at hospital in Taiwan.
During the experimental period, we collected 216 effective questionnaires from three different level hospital: medical center, reginal hospital and district hospital. We used the emotional labor scale designed by professor Lin, World Health Organization Quality of Life, WHOQOL-BREF Taiwan version、Chinese Health Questionnaire, CHQ, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, PSQI and the Beck Depression Inventory BDI for surveying. We also asked the subjects how they satisfy their condition of salary, education and promotion opportunity provided by the hospital.
This research revealed that nurses in this study have high emotional labor condition and relatively poor mental health. Subjects with higher emotional labor score has worse mental health. Otherwise, we noticed that the subjects with higher need satisfaction has better mental health even under the same emotional labor condition.
We are trying to claim the nurses has high emotional labor and poor mental health again, and hope the hospital aware of that too. This study also provide further research direction: the hospital provide more personal need-satisfaction may improve nurses’ mental health.
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Hsien-YingChen and 陳嫺穎. "The Effect of a Dual Task Condition on the Postural Control in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: Visual Spatial Working Memory vs. Auditory Working Memory." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5rj6j4.
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碩士<br>國立成功大學<br>物理治療學系<br>104<br>It is very common to do two tasks at the same time in daily living, such as talking while driving, listening to music while walking. Doing two tasks at the same time is called dual task. Postural control used to be considered as an automatic process. However, many studies have shown that postural control needs attention, especially in the elderly, and persons with Parkinson’s diseases. Such information is limited in children and furthermore less in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). DCD refer to the difficulty in motor coordination and such difficulty cannot be explained by any general medical condition. Difficulty of motor skill and high variability of motor performance are main characteristics of children with DCD. Research results of the effects on the standing postural control in children with DCD are inconsistent. Some results show that performing a concurrent cognitive task will impair the postural control in children with DCD, but some show the opposite results. The concurrent cognitive task may be a visual-spatial working memory task, or an auditory working memory task. The effects may also be different. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to examine the effect of a dual task condition on the standing postural control in children with DCD. Twenty children with DCD and 20 typically developing (TD) children participated in the study. Two types of concurrent working memory tasks: visual spatial and auditory, and two kind of standing conditions: standard stance and tandem stance were the experiment tasks. The performance of standing postural control task was expressed with the velocity and trajectory of center of the pressure (COP). The cognitive task performance was expressed by accuracy and reaction time. We used the dual task costs (performance in dual task condition minus performance in single task condition) as the dependent variables for analyses. The results showed that there was group effect of dual task cost, and such effect was affected by standing postures, but not affected by working memory tasks. That is children with DCD showed worse standing stability in tandem stance condition while concurrently performing a working memory task, but TD children had better standing stability while concurrently performing a working memory task. However such effect was not different between performing a visual spatial task and performing an auditory task. In conclusion, children with DCD showed worse standing stability in dual task condition; TD children showed better standing stability in dual task condition. Dual task condition may enhance the attention in TD children, but not in children with DCD.
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Liu, An-Shin, and 劉安心. "Study on the Current Working Condition and the Resolution Strategy of the Fire Inspectors at Kaohsiung City." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46059278646415060613.
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碩士<br>國立高雄應用科技大學<br>土木工程與防災科技研究所<br>94<br>Fire inspection is one of the most important operations in the fire department, and is the most direct means to reach the purpose of fire prevention. By reading the related references and using our working experiences, we design a questionnaire on fire security aiming at the field fire inspection personnel of the Fire Department of the Kaohsiung Municipal Administration to collect and analyze the current conditions and to comprehend their operations.
Taken Kaohsiung City as a researching area, this study is proceeded with the variables data of current fire inspector’s characteristics, manpower resource management, logistic support, and professional capability. The primary discovery and the proposal presented in this study are specified as follows:
1. Show the current fire inspections and the crux of working issues which are to be analyzed and generalized.
2. Establish strategy and resolutions of the issues of fire inspections.
3. Provide the fire administration unit as references in designing fire inspection duty, training plan, and administrative measures.
We hope, by questionnaire of this research, to reflect the current working situation of the fire department of Kaohsiung City. By analyze the working issue through interviews, the cruxes and set the resolution and strategy for fire administration units can be generalized so as to enact preventive strategy of the fire inspection, enhance the working quality, decrease the fire occurrence rate, and protect the civil life and the property safety.
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Chang, Sin-Yuan, and 張馨元. "The Working Condition and Gender Analysis of Special Education Teachers in Junior High School in Chiayi County." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45565669778213904972.
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碩士<br>南華大學<br>應用社會學系教育社會學碩士班<br>103<br>The study aims to explore the working condition of the junior high school special education teachers in Chiayi County and the influence of gender difference on their positions. The study discusses the reasons for them to choose the job, probing into the practical difficulties from the gender differences, and exploring the response they give when facing difficulties and conflicts. The study applied a qualitative research, conducting the in-depth interview among 6 qualified special education teachers, 3 male and 3 female, from 6 junior high schools in Chiayi County. The results are as follows.
I. The occupational appeal is the stability. The reason for the subjects to choose the job is the stability of the position and the position has less competent, comparing to the normal education teacher. The subjects took four-year professional training for special education and were interested in the profession, at least not excluding, so they choose to be special education teacher.
II. The practical difficulties and the gender analysis for special education teacher are as follows: 1. The job is unfavorable for general people and is considered as a job relating to caring attendant. Special education teachers in both gender are tended to be degraded by the mainstream value and status among the faculty is relatively low. 2. The gender division of labor is obvious on the caring attendant, teaching, disciplinary education, and administration. It's clear that the work delegation is traditional; the caring attendant, and complicated occupational training are for female teacher and the disciplinary education, hard work, and administration are for male teachers. 3. The emotional labor is heavy. Though it's invisible, the special education teachers bear bunch of such labor from the interaction with the students and the colleagues. They have to meet the teaching objectives with a rational and peaceful attitude. The effort for them to invest is demanding.
III. The strategies for the special education teachers to respond the occupational difficulties and conflicts are divided. The four strategies are as follows: submission, objectivity, fight-back, and profession.
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KUO, I.-CHUANG, and 郭怡妝. "A Study on Working Condition and Job Satisfaction of the Paraprofessionals forSpecial Education in the Elementary school in Kaohsiung." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32623784784969918638.
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碩士<br>國立臺東大學<br>特殊教育學系碩士在職專班<br>101<br>The main purpose of this study is to explore the working condition and job
satisfaction of paraprofessionals for special education in the elementary school in
Kaohsiung. The questionnaire survey is taken as the major research method. The
participants of the study were 47 paraprofessionals for special education in the
elementary school in Kaohsiung. The data was statistically analyzed by descriptive
statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and correlation analysis.The major conclusions are
as follows:
1.The paraprofessionals for special education in the elementary school in Kaohsiung
present a mid-level identification with their job.The major working content of
paraprofessionals was “Life Care” and “Assist in Teaching”.
2.The summary results of paraprofessionals for special education in the elementary
school in Kaohsiung were partial to dissatisfied slightly. In subscales,”Working
Achievement” and “Working Environment” were satisffied,but in “Treatment”
and “Education Status” were dis satisfied.
3. Their job satisfaction level varies due to differences in age, arriage ,education level, experience,studines number and seniority.
4. Paraprofessionals’ background do not influence of their job satisfaction.
5.Paraprofessionals’ identification with their position is related to their job
satisfaction level.
It is hoped that the conclusions of this study can assist educational
administrations and the paraprofessionals in policy making and career planning,
respectively, as well as research conducted in the future.
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Mills, Carren Eby. "Effects of working memory and presentation condition on narrative production and inferencing skills in children with language-learning impairment." 2004. http://etd.utk.edu/2004/MillsCarren.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 2004.<br>Title from title page screen (viewed Jan. 19, 2005). Thesis advisor: Lori A. Swanson. Document formatted into pages (xii, 211 p. : ill.). Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 155-168).
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Yun, Lo Ya, and 羅雅云. "A Study on Working Condition and Job Satisfaction of Paraprofessionals for Special Education Class in Elementary Schools in Taipei City." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/j28erw.
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碩士<br>國立臺東大學<br>進修部暑期特教碩士班<br>104<br>The main purpose of this study is to investigate the working conditions and job satisfaction of paraprofessionals in special education class in elementary schools in Taipei city. The study is proceeded under questionnaire survey, undertaking the census with the tool of “questionnaire of working circumstances and satisfaction of paraprofessionals in special education class in elementary schools”, and with paraprofessionals in Taipei city as subjects. In this study, 72 valid questionnaires were received out of 78 questionnaires previously sent, with a recovery rate of 92.3%. The data was analyzed with statistical methods such as frequency distribution, percentage, average and standard deviation. The followings are the conclusions of the research outcome.
1. The primary working content of paraprofessionals in special education in elementary schools in Taipei city is “life care”, secondly, is “teaching assistance”, and the last is “assistance of class affairs”.
2. The major working contents of paraprofessionals in special education class in elementary schools in Taipei city consisted of three primary aspect. The first aspect is “life care”, including “assisting toilet training“, “assisting teachers to instruct students to maintain tidy appearance”, “assisting teachers to instruct daily rules and etiquette to students” and “assisting to develop students’ self-care ability”. The second aspect is “teaching assistance”, including “assisting teachers to deal with sudden incidents of students in class”, “assisting teachers to help students undertake physical therapy sessions” and “performing individual lecturing to students under instructions of teachers”. The last aspect is “class affairs assistance”, including “assisting to maintain classroom cleanness”, “ensuring students’ safety in field trips” and “assisting to conduct activities to students during extracurricular period”.
3. Paraprofessionals in special education class in elementary schools in Taipei city are slightly dissatisfied with their current occupation.
4. Paraprofessionals in special education in elementary schools in Taipei city are satisfied with “working environment”, but slightly dissatisfied with “achievements at work” and “advanced studies”, and dissatisfied with “wages and benefits”.
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Huang, siao-Hua, and 黃孝華. "Exploring the Effect of Orginazational Communication and Transformation Conscious on Morale—Taking the Importance of Working Condition as a Moderator." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32222710389248051795.
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碩士<br>龍華科技大學<br>商學與管理研究所<br>101<br>To strengthen an enterprise, the constant changes of our society and future trend must be considered, so that a sustainable development can be achieved by using the most efficient methods. In a competitive environment, several enterprises have to face structural reorganization; that is, merging and downscaling. It seems that organizational change within an enterprise has become a trend, so as Military Armed Force. This is not only a theory but a practical necessity for business development. To achieve the goal of high operational efficiency with limited human resource, the R.O.C Armed Force has begun the progress of downscaling and reforming for decades. This research is mainly discussing the effect of organizational communication and perceptions of organizational change on work morale, analyzed by a questionnaire with 360 samples.
The following is the results of this research：An appropriate organizational communication will provide employees more positive influence and promote higher work morale. In the meantime, the importance of working environment will reduce the effect of perceptions of organizational change on work morale. This research also proposes some suggestions on both theoretical and realistic side.