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Classen, Sherrilene, Sarah Krasniuk, Melissa Knott, Liliana Alvarez, Miriam Monahan, Sarah Morrow und Tim Danter. „Interrater reliability of Western University’s on-road assessment“. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy 83, Nr. 5 (Dezember 2016): 317–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0008417416663228.
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Background. Little empirical support exists for interrater reliability between evaluators from different backgrounds when assessing on-road outcomes of drivers. Purpose. We quantified interrater reliability of on-road outcomes between a certified driving school instructor (DI) and an occupational therapist and certified driver rehabilitation specialist (CDRS). Method. Both raters used the Global Rating Score (GRS) with two levels (pass, fail), the GRS with four levels (pass, pass with recommendations, fail remediable, fail), and the priority error rating score (PERS; most frequently occurring on-road errors in priority order) to assess 35 drivers (age, M = 48.31 years, SD = 9.76 years; 40% male; 86% with multiple sclerosis). Findings. The DI and occupational therapist CDRS had excellent agreement on the GRS with two levels (κ = .892, p < .0001), GRS with four levels (κ = .952, p < .0001), and the PERS (κ = .847–.902, p < .0001), indicating interrater reliability. Implications. This research contributes to empirical support for the on-road assessment.
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Astakhova, Luba A., Artem D. Novoselov, Maria E. Ermolaeva, Michael L. Firsov und Alexander Yu Rotov. „Phototransduction in Anuran Green Rods: Origins of Extra-Sensitivity“. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, Nr. 24 (13.12.2021): 13400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222413400.
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Green rods (GRs) represent a unique type of photoreceptor to be found in the retinas of anuran amphibians. These cells harbor a cone-specific blue-sensitive visual pigment but exhibit morphology of the outer segment typical for classic red rods (RRs), which makes them a perspective model object for studying cone–rod transmutation. In the present study, we performed detailed electrophysiological examination of the light sensitivity, response kinetics and parameters of discrete and continuous dark noise in GRs of the two anuran species: cane toad and marsh frog. Our results confirm that anuran GRs are highly specialized nocturnal vision receptors. Moreover, their rate of phototransduction quenching appeared to be about two-times slower than in RRs, which makes them even more efficient single photon detectors. The operating intensity ranges for two rod types widely overlap supposedly allowing amphibians to discriminate colors in the scotopic region. Unexpectedly for typical cone pigments but in line with some previous reports, the spontaneous isomerization rate of the GR visual pigment was found to be the same as for rhodopsin of RRs. Thus, our results expand the knowledge on anuran GRs and show that these are even more specialized single photon catchers than RRs, which allows us to assign them a status of “super-rods”.
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Prieto, Zulita, Monica Arqueros, David Salirrosas, Danilo Gastañudi und Radigud Fernández. „Heterosis for body weight in hybrids from the cross of Oreochromis niloticus red and gray“. SCIÉNDO 19, Nr. 1 (30.06.2016): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/sciendo.2016.003.
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Runnalls, Graham A. „Le Livre de Raison de Jacques le Gros et le Mystère de la Passion joué à Paris en 1539“. Romania 118, Nr. 469 (2000): 138–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/roma.2000.1523.
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Cui, Yuanlong, Fan Zhang, Yiming Shao, Ssennoga Twaha und Hui Tong. „Techno-Economic Comprehensive Review of State-of-the-Art Geothermal and Solar Roadway Energy Systems“. Sustainability 14, Nr. 17 (02.09.2022): 10974. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141710974.
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Road infrastructure is a vital constituent element in the transportation network; however, roadway surface ice and snow accumulation leads to huge traffic accidents in winter. Geothermal roadway energy systems (GRES) and solar roadway energy systems (SRES) can increase or decrease roadway surface temperature for the de-icing and removal of snow in winter, or mitigation of heat in summer. Technology performance and economic evaluation of the GRES and SRES are reviewed in this paper based on numerical and economic models, and experimental analyses. Three crucial aspects of the technology performance assessment, i.e., roadway surface temperature, energy consumption and key factors, are explored in different regions and countries. Economic evaluation approaches for net present values and payback periods of the GRES and SRES are investigated. The recommendations and potential future developments on the two technologies are deliberated; it is demonstrated that the GRES and SRES could increase roadway surface temperature by around 5 °C in winter and decrease it by about 6 °C in summer, with the payback periods of 4 to 8 years and 2.3 to 5 years, respectively.
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Bouthors, Charlie, Ruben Dukan, Christophe Glorion und Lotfi Miladi. „Outcomes of growing rods in a series of early-onset scoliosis patients with neurofibromatosis type 1“. Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 33, Nr. 3 (September 2020): 373–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2020.2.spine191308.
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OBJECTIVEEarly-onset scoliosis (EOS) is not uncommon in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Despite conservative treatment, spinal deformities progress and require early surgical intervention. To avoid potential interference with chest and trunk growth, growing rods (GRs) have been used effectively in EOS of various etiologies. In this study the authors sought to analyze the outcomes of GRs in EOS patients with NF1.METHODSThis was a retrospective single-center cohort study that included consecutive EOS patients with NF1 who were treated with GRs and were followed up for a minimum of 2 years. Clinical and radiological analyses were performed preoperatively and until the last follow-up.RESULTSFrom to 2008 to 2017, 18 patients (6 male, 12 female) underwent GR surgery (14 single GRs, 4 dual GRs) at a mean age of 8 ± 2.1 years. Mean follow-up was 5 ± 2.4 years. Fifty-five lengthenings were performed at a mean rate of 3 lengthenings per patient (range 0–7). Ten of 14 single GRs (71%) were converted into dual GRs during treatment. No patient underwent definitive posterior spinal fusion (PSF) at GR treatment completion. The mean initial and last follow-up major curves were 57° and 36°, respectively (p < 0.001, 37% correction). The average T1–S1 increase was 13 mm/yr. Six of 9 hyperkyphotic patients had normal kyphosis at last follow-up. There were 26 complications involving 13 patients (72%), with 1 patient who required unplanned revision. The primary complications were instrumentation related, consisting of 17 proximal hook dislodgments, 6 distal pedicle screw pullouts, and 2 rod fractures. Only 1 patient experienced a mechanical complication after dual GR implantation. There were no wound infections.CONCLUSIONSThe GR technique provided satisfactory spinal deformity control in EOS patients with NF1 while allowing substantial spinal growth. Adequately contoured dual GRs with proximal hooks placed in nondystrophic regions should be used to minimize implant-related complications. Surgeons should not attempt to correct kyphosis at GR implantation.
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Keller, Gordon R., und Steven C. Devin. „Geosynthetic-Reinforced Soil Bridge Abutments“. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1819, Nr. 1 (Januar 2003): 362–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1819b-46.
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Geosynthetic-reinforced soil (GRS) bridge abutments have been used on a number of bridge projects over the past decade. This adaptation of reinforced soil technology to bridge structures and their approach fills offers an excellent opportunity to simplify construction, reduce construction time, and reduce cost on structures for which this technology is appropriate. This design concept, in which the actual bridge superstructure rests upon the GRS abutment wall, minimizes differential settlement and eliminates the problematic “bridge bump” found on many structures. The technology has been adapted to both road and trail bridges. The basic design concept of GRS used in bridge abutment applications was evaluated, along with its advantages and disadvantages. Some selected case histories of GRS bridge abutments on low-volume roads and trails in Alaska and California were considered. In addition, the Mammoth bridges, in the mountains of northern California, with high design snow loads and high horizontal peak ground accelerations, afforded an opportunity to design, construct, and monitor GRS-supported spread-footing abutments under difficult service conditions.
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Méndez-Ramírez, Viridiana, und Ricardo Serna-Lagunes. „Urocyon cinereoargenteus predating to Canis lupus familiaris in an anthropized tropical environment“. Therya notes 5, Nr. 1 (09.02.2024): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.12933/therya_notes-24-149.
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Aunque la zorra gris, Urocyon cinereoargenteus (Carnívora: Canidae), es un carnívoro omnívoro, oportunista y generalista, no se había reportado la depredación o el carroñeo de cánidos domésticos. El objetivo de este reporte es documentar el registro de depredación de un perro doméstico (Canis lupus familiaris) por una zorra gris en un ambiente tropical antropizado. Durante un proyecto que pretende evaluar el impacto del uso de dinamita para extraer piedra y roca caliza sobre el hábitat y las poblaciones de fauna silvestre en áreas boscosas en Cuauhtémoc, Córdoba, Veracruz, se instalaron 2 cámaras trampa, de agosto de 2021 a mayo de 2022 en zonas con cultivos de café, caña, cítricos, plátanos, palma camedor, vegetación secundaria y bosque tropical. Durante la revisión de los videos, se observó a una hembra adulta de zorra gris que lleva en su hocico a un cachorro de un perro doméstico. Con este reporte, son 14 especies de carnívoros silvestres que depredan perros domésticos. Este es el segundo reporte para México. Este evento inusual pudo ser resultado de diversos factores, entre ellos, la competencia intraespecífica con los cánidos domésticos, con otros mesodepredadores, la escasez de alimento y la antropización del hábitat.
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Aroh, Rosemary N., Aroloye O. Numbere und Udi O. Emoyoma. „Relationship between Micro-Climatic Parameters and Atmospheric Pollutants at Selected Road Junctions in Port Harcourt. Niger Delta, Nigeria“. Global Research in Environment and Sustainability 2, Nr. 5 (09.05.2024): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.63002/gres.25.458.
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The increase in vehicular activities has led to the proliferation of atmospheric pollutants in industrialized cities worldwide. This study postulates that there will be a relationship between micro-climatic parameters and atmospheric pollutants. Samples were collected from five locations selected within Port Harcourt, namely Choba Junction, Rumuokoro Junction, Garrison Junction, Mile 3/UST roundabout, and Lagos Bus Stop. The measured parameters are air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and suspended particulate matter (SPM). The results showed that the mean concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) ranged between 13 ppm to 27.2 ppm. Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen concentrations were below the detection limit. Choba has the highest SO2 (0.6 ppm) and NO2 (0.02 ppm) concentrations. Mornings had the highest concentration of pollutants compared to evenings. Similarly, the mean concentration of PM2.5 ranged between 71.4µg/m to 162.6 6µg/m3. For the micro-climatic, the mean temperature ranged from 25.6°C to 33.7°C, mean relative humidity ranged from 50.6% to 87.3%, and wind speed ranged from 0.8m/s to 1.4m/s. Higher micro-climatic values were also recorded at Choba. The relationship between atmospheric pollutants and particulate matter with microclimatic parameters was not significant (P>0.05). But in contrast, there was a relationship between temperature and relative humidity with the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 (P<0.05). The result implies that locations with high micro-climatic parameters have the possibility of having higher concentrations of atmospheric pollutants. Thus, constant monitoring of the emission level of vehicles is essential.
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Sulovska, Monika, und Jakub Stacho. „Analysis of Geogrid Reinforced Structures with a Passive Facing System Using Different Computational Methods“. Civil and Environmental Engineering 17, Nr. 2 (01.12.2021): 500–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cee-2021-0052.
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Abstract The article deals with designing and analysing a wrapped geogrid reinforced structure (GRS) with a passive facing system. The analysis has been done using analytical calculation and numerical modelling. The analytical calculations were executed using FINE Geo5 geotechnical software, and numerical modelling was executed using Plaxis 2D software. The analysis is focused mainly on comparing tension forces in geogrids and the stability of the reinforced embankment determined using both computational methods. The deformation analysis was done only using numerical modelling. The numerical modelling allowed for a more detailed analysis of the wrapped GRS. Each construction phase was modelled step by step according to an actual construction procedure. Two complex road embankments supported by GRS were modelled and analysed. The first model consisted of three GRS, which not affected each other. In the second model, the GRS at each side of the embankment influenced each other. The analysis results showed that tension forces in geogrids, determined using both computational methods, can differ significantly from each other. The stability of the reinforced embankment determined using numerical modelling was within the range of 0.87 – 1.22 of the stability determined using analytical calculation. The numerical modelling results showed that the final horizontal deformation of the passive facing is about 2.8 – 3.8 times smaller than the deformation of the wrapped GRS, which occurs during the construction of the embankment.
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Burger, A. F., A. van der Gryp, G. D. van Zyl und H. G. Fourie. „Simplification of HDM-4 Economic Models for Network-Level Gravel Road Management Systems“. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1819, Nr. 1 (Januar 2003): 318–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1819a-46.
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A description is provided of the procedure followed in the gravel road management system (GRMS) of the Provincial Administration: Western Cape (PAWC) for determining scheduled maintenance priorities and upgrade to paved standard priorities for gravel roads. An algorithm was developed that takes account of a number of factors to determine the costs and benefits of PAWC’s two maintenance strategies. Cost and benefit streams are further used in the calculation of the internal rate of return (IRR) for the different maintenance strategies. Prioritization in the GRMS is based on the calculated IRR, and the priority lists are further refined through a consultative process involving maintenance personnel, the community, and head-office decision makers. As part of the implementation of the algorithm, Highway Development and Management System version 4 (HDM-4) equations for the calculation of vehicle-operating cost (VOC) were simplified for application in the southern African context. Results are presented of a comparison between the output of the simplified HDM-4 equations with the output of HDM-4. Conclusions reached show that implementing the procedure described had a number of positive consequences. They include that the prioritization of projects is based on sound principles that result in the effective and responsible use of available funds. It was also concluded that the simplified HDM-4 VOC calculation results compare well with HDM-4 results.
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Abdullah, N. H. H., K. S. Ng und I. B. M. Jais. „Numerical analysis on the differential settlement of geosynthetic reinforced soil integrated bridge system“. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1369, Nr. 1 (01.06.2024): 012024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1369/1/012024.
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Abstract Bump scenarios at the bridge approach frequently occur due to the differential settlement at the transition of the approach pavements and the bridge decks. The differential settlement between the approach roadway and the bridge deck is due to the greater consolidation settlement of the existing subsoil supporting the approach road relative to the foundation supporting the bridge deck. To overcome this problem, an economical method known as the geosynthetic reinforced integrated bridge system (GRS-IBS) is utilized. In this paper, a detailed description of the modelling approach to the GRS-IBS is presented. A validation analysis of the numerical model in terms of settlement, horizontal wall displacement, vertical pressure below the foundation, and lateral earth pressure shows good agreement with field observations. An analysis of the differential settlement of the GRS-IBS proves that it could eliminate the bump problems at the bridge approach. Then, further study was carried out to investigate the behaviour of GRS-IBS founded on soft soil. Finding shows that the bump formation for this system is out of tolerance. This finding aligns with the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) guides, in which the GRS-IBS are not suitable where highly compressible soil is encountered. Several recommendations for future studies are given at the end of this paper.
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Knowles, Richard Paul. „Guysborough, N.S. Mulgrave Road Ten Years After“. Canadian Theatre Review 56 (September 1988): 76–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/ctr.56.015.
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The Mulgrave Road Co-op celebrated it s tenth anniversary in 1987-88 through a series of workshops and a fall production, both entitled Ten Years After, and through a series of new initiatives introduced by incoming artistic director Chistopher Heide under the heading” Rural Delivery.” Heide has been associated with the Co-op as playwright and as a sort of eminence gris at Co-op meetings for most of its history, and his “Rural Delivery” program articulates a vision for the future that begins with a return to and celebration of the Co-op’s roots in the small towns and villages of Northeastern Nova Scotia. The program involves a detailed discussion and review of the structure, policies and artistic direction of the company, which is being undertaken at regular meetings involving as broad a base as possible of co-op and community members; but its basic philosophy is creatively articulated in Heide’s 1987-88 Artistic Director’s letter, selections from which are worth quoting from at length:
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Grigoryev, Mikhail N. „Creation of new logistics for the export of arctic mineral resources as a condition for their sustainable development“. Georesursy 25, Nr. 2 (30.06.2023): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18599/grs.2023.2.3.
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An overview of possible transformations of logistic schemes for the export of mineral raw materials mined in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation is presented. The existing system of transportation of mineral raw materials by sea, rail, inland water, road and air transport is considered. The description of mineral resource centers forming the cargo base of the Arctic transport system is given; their typification by types of transport for the export of products is given. A change in logistics schemes in connection with access to new markets in the changed geopolitical conditions was considered. The need for changes does not apply to rail, inland water, road and aviation transport, which provide mainly domestic transportation. Major changes affect pipeline and maritime transport. It was concluded that it is necessary to create liquefied natural gas production facilities at the exit points to the coast of the poorly devoured seas of main gas pipelines in order to monetize pipeline gas and expand the throughput capacity of main oil pipelines suitable for port oil loading terminals of the Baltic and Black Seas. The conditions for delivery to Asian oil export markets by sea have deteriorated due to the increase in the duration of circular flights and the cost of tanker freight. In addition, the possibility of an increase in the cargo traffic of the oil export to the Asian market in the Northern Sea Route was questioned due to the lack of a high deadweight cargo fleet and the required Arctic ice classes. The proposal on the need to revise strategic planning documents adopted in other political and economic conditions based on the current realities is justified.
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Hung, Wen-Yi, Truong-Nhat-Phuong Pham und Susannah Boer. „Failure Mechanism and Deformation-Based Design of Narrow Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Walls“. Journal of Disaster Research 18, Nr. 7 (01.10.2023): 715–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2023.p0715.
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In recent years, the working performance of mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) walls has shown their outstanding stability and capacity to accommodate large deformation. The behavior and failure mechanisms of conventional MSE walls have been carefully examined. In cases where space is limited, such as in mountainous regions, in coastal regions, and for road expansion, the conventional MSE wall can be modified by adjusting the length of reinforcement to conform the construction area. For narrow geosynthetic reinforced soil (GRS) wall, the modification and arrangement of reinforcement components, including reinforcement tensile strength, vertical spacing, and aspect ratio, play key roles in the behavior of reinforced earth walls and can also lead to differences in the distribution of lateral earth pressure compared with conventional MSE walls. In this study, a series of geotechnical centrifuge tests are conducted to clarify the failure behaviors, distribution of lateral earth pressure, and deformation progresses of narrow GRS walls. Among the investigated variants, it is verified that improved reinforcement strength leads to a significant decrease in horizontal wall displacement. The relationship among lateral earth pressure, zero-earth-pressure zone, and horizontal displacement can be applied to predict the deformation of a narrow GRS wall.
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Cuevas Suárez, Carlos, Lilia Ortiz Rodríguez und Carlos Alonso Hernández. „Obtención y Rendimiento de Colofonia a Partir de Resina de Pinus Teocote“. Ciencia Latina Revista Científica Multidisciplinar 8, Nr. 4 (26.08.2024): 4556–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.37811/cl_rcm.v8i4.12678.
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El estado de Veracruz cuenta con grandes extensiones de pinares dado sus condiciones demográficas y sus grandes extensiones de relieves accidentados permite el crecimiento de pinares, donde además de tener un gran valor ecosistémico, es posible utilizar estos recursos con fines sustentables sin dañar al medio que lo rodea. La colofonia es un residuo obtenido a partir de la destilación de la resina de los pinos, la cual ha tenido mucho auge en la actualidad dado que se ha empleado en múltiples aplicaciones en el sector farmacéutico, industrial, alimenticio por mencionar algunos. Es por ello, que el objetivo de esta investigación tiene la finalidad de obtener colofonia a partir de la cantidad máxima de extracción de resina en Pinus teocote sin causar daños al arbolado. Para la extracción de resina se utilizó el método Francés modificado para México, siguiendo la NOM-026-SEMARNAR-2005, una vez extraída la resina, se sometió a un proceso de hidrodestilación, en el cual se obtuvo por cada 100 grs de resina, cantidades de 75 grs de colofonia, lo que resulta en un 93.75% de rendimiento, ademas, 12.6 grs de aceite de trementina con 72% de rendimiento.
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Chen, Dongxia, Jiarun Tang und Xuefei Yang. „Effects of Drying–Wetting Cycle and Fines Content on Hysteresis and Dynamic Properties of Granite Residual Soil under Cyclic Loading“. Applied Sciences 13, Nr. 11 (30.05.2023): 6660. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13116660.
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In southern China, granite residual soil (GRS) is widely used as road base material. Thus, it is important to study the effects of hot and rainy climates and cyclic loads generated by trains on the dynamic properties of GRS. In this work, by means of dynamic triaxial tests, the effects of the number of drying and wetting (D–W) cycles, fines content and number of load cycles on the hysteresis curve, dynamic shear modulus Gd and damping ratio λ of GRS are systematically investigated. The experimental results illustrate the changes in the morphology of the hysteresis curve and dynamic parameters with the numbers of load and D–W cycles, as well as the fines content. Namely, the area S, center offset d, and residual strain εsp of the hysteresis curve decrease with the increase of load cycle number, increase with the growth of fines content, and first decrease with the increase of D–W cycle number, then slowly increase to stabilized values. However, the major axis gradient k exhibits exactly the opposite relationships. Meanwhile, the dynamic shear modulus Gd increases with the growing load cycles and decreases with the addition of fines content, and the damping ratio λ shows the opposite behavior. It is also shown that Gd and λ vary linearly with respect to logN, where N is the number of D–W cycles. The dynamic properties of GRS are mostly affected by the number of load cycles, which is followed by the fines content and then the number of D–W cycles. The influence of the latter two factors on the dynamic properties of GRS may be primarily due to contact form changes between soil particles.
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Vasilovskaya, Galina V., Maria L. Berseneva, Alexandra A. Yakshina, Vadim V. Servatinsky und Igor Ya Bogdanov. „Road Concrete Containing Coal Ashes of Thermal Power Stations Located in Krasnoyarsk“. Key Engineering Materials 839 (April 2020): 160–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.839.160.
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The paper reports on outcomes of research into a road concrete containing coal ash powders of thermal power stations located in Krasnoyarsk. The study was focused on characteristics of a fly ash, and ash taken in an ash-disposal area of Krasnoyarsk Thermal Power Station 1, as well as ash of Beryozovskaya GRES. To compare characteristics a standard limestone powder was used. Physical and mechanical characteristics, chemical and mineral composition of these powders were analyzed. Mineral powders differed in a concentration of free calcium oxide (СаОfr.). Samples of a fine-grained road concrete were composed and prepared using materials above. Physical and mechanical properties of formed road concrete samples were tested. A coefficient K was introduced to assess the relation between key characteristics of a road concrete mix and concentration of free calcium oxide, furthermore, it considers a percentage of СаОfr. in ash (m) and percentage of this ash in a road concrete (n), i.e. К= m·n. It has been established a coefficient К ranging 0 to 32 СаОfr. has no significant effect on characteristics of a road concrete mix. A fly ash and ash taken in an ash-disposal area of Krasnoyarsk thermal power station 1 are recommended for the use in industry as a mineral powder in a road concrete mix. Additionally, ash taken in an ash-disposal area is to be dried and grinded, a maximal content of a fly ash in a road concrete mix is estimated to be 4% provided that a concentration of СаОfr. is less than 8%.
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Abukhadra, Mostafa R., Aya Fadl Allah, Mohamed Shaban, Noof A. Alenazi, Haifa A. Alqhtani, May Bin-Jumah und Ahmed A. Allam. „Enhanced remediation of U(vi) ions from water resources using advanced forms of morphologically modified glauconite (nano-sheets and nano-rods): experimental and theoretical investigations“. RSC Advances 14, Nr. 38 (2024): 28017–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d4ra05514d.
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Two forms of morphologically transformed glauconite (GL) involved exfoliated nanosheets (EXG) and nanorods (GRs), which were synthesized by facile exfoliating and scrolling modification under sonication.
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Wang, Jiaquan, Wentao Zhong, Zhinan Lin und Yi Tang. „Dynamic Response and Geogrid Strain Analysis of GRS Retaining Wall“. Applied Sciences 12, Nr. 19 (02.10.2022): 9930. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12199930.
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Modular Geogrid Reinforced Soil (GRS) retaining walls, as flexible structures, usually have a certain deformation capacity. However, the deformation damage of the facing panels will directly affect the durability performance of the retaining wall and pose a threat to the safety and operation of the road and related facilities. In order to study the influence of different load factors on the deformation mode and failure characteristics of the retaining wall, an indoor large-scale model test was carried out. The test load considers the average load, peak value, amplitude and frequency of load under traffic load. The changes in settlement and horizontal deformation, geogrid strain and acceleration response of the GRS retaining wall are compared and analyzed. The results show that in the dynamic test, the two wall damage modes are “wall facing outward tilt” and “wall facing outward curved”. The maximum strain of the geogrid was 4.5% and 3.6%, respectively, which did not reach the damage strain. The peak load is the largest mechanical response of all load factors, followed by the load magnitude and average value, and finally the load frequency. In addition, combining the existing GRS retaining wall deformation and earth pressure calculation theory, a set of calculation methods for the strain of tendons under external load is proposed.
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Musiienko, Igor. „Automated calculation of rectangular road cul-verts in the UKRRVS 22 program“. Bulletin of Kharkov National Automobile and Highway University, Nr. 98 (29.11.2022): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.30977/bul.2219-5548.2022.98.0.114.
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Problem. The use of road culverts is currently an effective and relatively cheap means of passing surface water under the body of the road embankment. The number of road pipes on highways in areas with different topography is approximately 1.4 pipes per 1 km of the route. Road pipes, depending on the cross section, can be round, rectangular, oval, elliptical, arched, polycentric. The following are mainly used on roads: round pipes - 87%, rectangular - 9%, the rest - 4%. Automated design systems are used to calculate the characteristics of water-permeable road pipes, for example, the GRIS_T program is used to calculate the flow capacity of small artificial structures. Also, a program for the calculation of culvert road structures of the UKRRVS according to Ukrainian standards is being developed. The program includes the calculation of storm runoff according to the formula of MA-DY/SoyuzDorProekt and melt runoff; calculation of perforated road reinforced concrete round culverts for operation in non-pressurized mode. The article describes the automation of the calculation of road rectangular culverts. Goal. It is proposed to automate the calculation of road reinforced concrete rectangular culverts. Methodology. The current methods for calculating the throughput of reinforced concrete road culverts have been used. Programming was carried out in the C# language using object-oriented programming. Results. Attention is focused on rectangular pipes. Approaches to the design of rectangular road pipes in the world and Ukraine are considered. Computer-aided design systems for road pipes were analyzed. At the moment, the production uses the program for the automated calculation of culverts GRIS of the company CRE-DO DIALOGUE. The UKRRVS program is at the development stage. A modern method for calculating road reinforced concrete rectangular culverts was considered. The issue of the methodology and algorithmization of this calculation, coding and interface support has been resolved. Practical value. An algorithm for calculating road reinforced concrete rectangular culverts was developed. The article shows a part of the calculation automation code as an example. Originality. An interface for automating the calculation of road reinforced concrete rectangular culverts was developed. The UKRRVS program has been modernized. Conclusions are drawn.
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Aleadelat, Waleed, Omar Albatayneh und Khaled Ksaibati. „Developing an Optimization Tool for Selecting Gravel Roads Maintenance Strategies using a Genetic Algorithm“. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, Nr. 5 (07.04.2020): 108–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198120915201.
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As part of the efforts by Wyoming Technology Transfer Center (WYT2/LTAP) to develop a gravel roads management system (GRMS) in Wyoming, this research study developed a user-friendly tool, using JavaScript, which implements an optimization model based on genetic algorithms (GA). The developed tool will help decision makers and local agencies in managing gravel roads efficiently. Using this tool, a decision maker will be able to identify the most appropriate treatment type for each road, based on service level, estimated project costs, predicted road conditions, and whether to fund a project or not. The optimization model aims to maximize the overall condition of the gravel roads network subject to the average daily traffic (ADT) on each road. The developed tool can be applied to large-scale optimization problems (i.e., gravel roads network). The tool operates with minimal data requirements that are in line with procedures regularly followed at these agencies. In addition to having an engineered outcome, this tool can help local agencies in allocating their limited available funds efficiently, enhancing the planning process, maximizing the social welfare of the local economy, and promoting a sense of general satisfaction within the local community. A case study using data from Laramie County was used to validate this tool. The initial results were promising and in line with previous efforts to manage gravel roads in Wyoming.
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Chui, Kwok Tai, Brij B. Gupta, Ryan Wen Liu, Xinyu Zhang, Pandian Vasant und J. Joshua Thomas. „Extended-Range Prediction Model Using NSGA-III Optimized RNN-GRU-LSTM for Driver Stress and Drowsiness“. Sensors 21, Nr. 19 (25.09.2021): 6412. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21196412.
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Road traffic accidents have been listed in the top 10 global causes of death for many decades. Traditional measures such as education and legislation have contributed to limited improvements in terms of reducing accidents due to people driving in undesirable statuses, such as when suffering from stress or drowsiness. Attention is drawn to predicting drivers’ future status so that precautions can be taken in advance as effective preventative measures. Common prediction algorithms include recurrent neural networks (RNNs), gated recurrent units (GRUs), and long short-term memory (LSTM) networks. To benefit from the advantages of each algorithm, nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-III (NSGA-III) can be applied to merge the three algorithms. This is named NSGA-III-optimized RNN-GRU-LSTM. An analysis can be made to compare the proposed prediction algorithm with the individual RNN, GRU, and LSTM algorithms. Our proposed model improves the overall accuracy by 11.2–13.6% and 10.2–12.2% in driver stress prediction and driver drowsiness prediction, respectively. Likewise, it improves the overall accuracy by 6.9–12.7% and 6.9–8.9%, respectively, compared with boosting learning with multiple RNNs, multiple GRUs, and multiple LSTMs algorithms. Compared with existing works, this proposal offers to enhance performance by taking some key factors into account—namely, using a real-world driving dataset, a greater sample size, hybrid algorithms, and cross-validation. Future research directions have been suggested for further exploration and performance enhancement.
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Grunstein, M. M., C. Springer, S. Godfrey, E. Bar-Yishay, D. Vilozni, S. C. Inscore und C. M. Schramm. „Expiratory volume clamping: a new method to assess respiratory mechanics in sedated infants“. Journal of Applied Physiology 62, Nr. 5 (01.05.1987): 2107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1987.62.5.2107.
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During breathing under sedation via a two-way valve, airflow (V), volume (delta V), and airway pressure (P) were recorded in eight normal (N) infants, seven with reversible obstructive airway disease (ROAD), and seven with chronic lung disease (CLD). Intermittently, expiratory volume clamping (EVC) was applied, involving selective occlusion of the expiratory valve for three to five breaths. The latter produced cumulative increases in delta V that, due to progressive recruitment of the Hering-Breuer reflex, were accompanied by increasing expiratory plateaus in P (i.e., apneas). The resultant passive inflation delta V-P relationships were closely approximated by the expression: delta V = aP2 + bP + c, wherein a represented the pressure-related changes in chord compliance (Crs), b the Crs at P = 0, and c the difference between the dynamic end-expiratory and relaxation volumes of the respiratory system. Relative to N, the ROAD and CLD infants had significantly reduced weight-specific values of a/kg, their b/kg values were increased, whereas the c/kg measurements did not significantly vary. Moreover, for each subject we determined the net Crs/kg obtaining at P = 20 cmH2O (i.e., Crs20/kg), an estimate of the net deflation compliance; the passive respiratory time constant (tau rs) based on the slope of the expired delta V/V relationship; and the respiratory system conductance (Grs/kg). Relative to N, the mean Crs20/kg was significantly reduced only in the infants with CLD and, due to increases in tau rs, both patient groups depicted significantly diminished values of Grs/kg, suggesting the presence of airways obstruction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Berger, Antony. „Tracking rapid landscape change with repeated photography, Gros Morne National Park, Canada“. Atlantic Geology 53 (29.03.2017): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4138/atlgeol.2017.005.
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At various coastal and inland sites in and around Gros Morne National Park in western Newfoundland, photographs taken periodically over many decades illustrate the physical stability of landforms. ἀese images provide a convenient, qualitative way to track the development of stone rings and patterned ground, the movement of rocks along intertidal platforms, changes to marine estuaries and to alluvial rivers and fans, temporal trends in late-lying snow beds along mountain tops, and slope failure by landslides and rock falls. ἀis study has established a spatial and temporal photographic record of slope failures along the steep cliḀs of Western Brook Pond, showing that nearly all of the sites identiᴀed in earlier studies as high risk of failure have remained stable. In contrast, thin-skinned landslides along Winter House Brook have remained active for at least 100 years. Little evidence of physical changes in patterned ground features in Trout River Gulch was found, other than frost-heaving in soils disturbed by road construction. Fluctuations from year to year in the level of gravel beaches along parts of the coast are common, and blow-outs continue to modify coastal sand dunes. Apart from certain engineered sites where change was obviously driven by direct human activities, the immediate cause or “driver” of change was natural (non-human), the result of gravitational instability, heavy precipitation, wave and storm action, frost heaving, and other background processes of the sort that long pre-date the coming of people to the region. Continuation of this kind of inexpensive, non-invasive monitoring can assist in assessing ecological integrity, managing public safety, and interpreting landscape processes for Park visitors.
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Musiienko, Igor. „Automated calculation of road reinforced con-crete round culverts for operation in free-flow mode in program UKRRVS21“. Bulletin of Kharkov National Automobile and Highway University, Nr. 93 (27.05.2021): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.30977/bul.2219-5548.2021.93.0.112.
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The modern approach to the design of road culverts involves the use of computeraided design (CAD). In design organizations of Ukraine software products of the Minsk company CREDO are being used for calculations of capacity of culverts by GRIS_T. Since 2019, the UKRRVS program is being developed to calculate culverts of road structures according to Ukrainian standards. At the moment, the program has the calculation of stormwater runoff according to MADI/SoyuzDorProekt formula and meltwater runoff (according the Road Handbook). In 2020, a new stage of automated calculation of road culverts started - calculations of capacity. The article presents the automated calculation of road reinforced concrete round culverts for pressureless operation. Goal. It is proposed to automate the calculation of road reinforced concrete round culverts for pressureless oper-ation. Methodology. The current methods for calculating the throughput of reinforced concrete road culverts have been used. Programming was carried out in the C# language using object-oriented programming. Results. The state of affairs in the auto-mation of hydraulic calculations in the road industry in accordance with Ukrainian standards was analyzed. It was concluded that at the moment the production uses the GRIS program of the CREDO company. The UKRRVS program is being developed. In this program, the issue of automating the calculation of the throughput of round culverts for operation in freeflow mode is relevant. The question of the methodology and algorithmization of this calculation, coding and interface support has been resolved. Practical value. The algorithm for calculating road culverts has been developed. A part of calculating the throughput of road culverts has been created in the UKRRVS program. This part covers the most com-mon group - round reinforced concrete culverts for freeflow operation. Originality. The interface has been created for the automation program for calculating road culverts. When you click the button “Round reinforced concrete pipes” in the main menu of the program UKRVS 21, the window “Calculation of a round reinforced concrete pipe operating in pressureless mode” opens. The calculation consists of three parts: the area of formation of initial data, the button “Calculate”, and the area of output of results of calculations. The area of formation of ini-tial data consists of 7 points. The area of the results of calculation of round reinforced concrete road cul-verts working in a pressureless mode consists of 14 points.
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Khangar, Dhawal. „Smart Helmet Using GSM Module and Ardiuno“. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, Nr. 6 (30.06.2023): 1531–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.53903.
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Abstract: Accidents have become a serious problem in recent years. As the number of accidents continues to rise, efforts are made to prevent them and mitigate their effects. The rules of the road do not matter in our society, and they are routinely disregarded. India ranks first in terms of the number of two-wheeler accidents and deaths resulting from them. Using a smart helmet, we provide safety with magnificent and brilliant features by adopting a different perspective. The smart helmet is a GSMbased initiative. It is a helmet with advanced features that enhance the driving experience and make driving safer. The primary objectives of our product are to automate the existing non-automated road safety medical sector, to provide prompt medical assistance to victims of road accidents, and to require riders to wear helmets. To ensure that the biker is wearing a helmet, we are utilizing two modules, one on the helmet and one on the bike, which will operate in tandem. For this, a radio frequency module is used. We are utilizing a GSM800L module with an RS-32 interface that is both GSM and GRPS compatible. In addition, we use Arduino kit to store and operate the program. We are using an ultrasonic sensor that detects an accident and sends a signal to Arduino, which then sends commands to a GSM module that calls/SMS an ambulance and family members. Thus, instant assistance is provided. We aimed to make this intelligent, integrated helmet affordable
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Lancman, Guido, Kathleen Miller, Shuli Li, Vincent T. Ho, Amir T. Fathi, Yi-Bin Chen, Alla Keyzner et al. „The Effect of JAK 1/2 Inhibitors on Outcomes of Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients with Myelofibrosis“. Blood 132, Supplement 1 (29.11.2018): 5784. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-112769.
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Abstract Introduction: Ruxolitinib was the first JAK 1/2 inhibitor (JAKi) approved for myelofibrosis (MF), with several other JAKi in development. Ruxolitinib was approved on the basis of reducing splenomegaly and improving constitutional symptoms, but its effect on subsequent allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) is not well understood. Retrospective studies to date have reported mixed outcomes after SCT for MF patients with previous exposure to JAKi. In this multicenter retrospective study, we report on outcomes of patients with MF treated with SCT at our institutions. Methods: We analyzed outcomes for 184 consecutive patients at three institutions who underwent SCT for primary or secondary MF. Primary outcomes included overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS), and graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD)-free and relapse-free survival (GRFS), all measured from the time of SCT. Cox proportional hazard regressions were fit to estimate the association between the use of JAK 1/2 inhibitors prior to SCT and OS, PFS, and GRFS, adjusting for donor type and DIPSS-plus status. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: 72 patients received a JAKi prior to SCT, while 112 did not. Patients in these two groups were well-matched with respect to age, sex, DIPSS plus score, conditioning, and donor type (Table 1). Median follow-up was 31.2 months (range: 0.8-146.3 months). In univariate analysis, there was no difference in OS (JAKi: 4-yr OS 56.7% [95% CI 40.9-69.8%] vs. no JAKi: 43.6% [95% CI 32.9-53.9%], p=0.49), PFS (JAKi: 4 yr PFS 54.1% [95% CI 40.8-65.7%] vs. no JAKi: 43.9% [95% CI 33.4-53.9%], p=0.77), or GRFS (JAKi: 8-month GRFS 56.6% [95% CI 44.1-67.4%] vs. no JAKi: 50.4% [95% CI 40.4-59.5%], p=0.62) in the overall population; there was similarly no difference when comparing only intermediate-risk or only high-risk patients. In multivariate analysis, there was no difference in these outcomes for patients based on previous JAKi exposure when accounting for DIPSS plus score and donor type (related vs unrelated). Rates of acute GVHD were similar between the two groups (JAKi: 53.5% vs. no JAKi: 55.0%, p=0.88), including grade 3 or 4 acute GVHD (JAKi: 16.9% vs no JAKi: 19.8%, p=0.70). Conclusions: Our data suggest that there is no statistically significant difference in OS, PFS, GRFS, or rates of acute GVHD after SCT for MF patients based on previous JAKi treatment. This was true overall and after adjusting for DIPSS plus risk score or donor type. Given the retrospective design of our study, we were not able to assess prior response to JAKi or splenomegaly at SCT, which may influence outcomes. Given mixed results in the literature to date, we eagerly await the results of ongoing phase 2 trials of JAKi prior to SCT for MF. Disclosures Ho: Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy. Fathi:Astellas: Honoraria; Jazz: Honoraria; Boston Biomedical: Consultancy, Honoraria; Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria; Agios: Honoraria, Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Honoraria. Chen:Takeda Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Incyte: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Magenta Therapeutics: Consultancy; REGiMMUNE: Consultancy. Hoffman:Formation Biologics: Research Funding; Incyte: Research Funding; Janssen: Research Funding; Merus: Research Funding; Summer Road: Research Funding. Mascarenhas:Novartis: Research Funding; Merck: Research Funding; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Incyte: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Promedior: Research Funding; Janssen: Research Funding; Roche: Research Funding; CTI Biopharma: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding.
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Dillon, Alfredo. „Biopic, memoria y nostalgia: la biografía del criminal“. Ética y Cine Journal 11, Nr. 2 (26.07.2021): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31056/2250.5415.v11.n2.34184.
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El artículo propone pensar el género biopic en relación con la historia, la memoria y la nostalgia, a partir del caso de la película argentina El ángel (Luis Ortega, 2018), basada en la vida del asesino serial Carlos Robledo Puch y sus crímenes a comienzos de la década de 1970. El film se desliza desde el relato biográfico hacia un plano más amplio: el de la reflexión –en clave pop– sobre el mal. La biografía de Robledo Puch es una excusa para narrar una historia que rodea el problema del mal y la libertad, la belleza y la perversión, la violencia y el erotismo como contracaras de la vida “normal”, de la existencia gris de las mayorías sociales que permanecen anónimas. A partir de una mirada nostálgica sobre los años 70, la biopic toma el nombre propio de Robledo Puch y algunas circunstancias históricas para darle identidad a una figura formada, sobre todo, de la sustancia de lo mítico.
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Chen, Yuren, Yu Chen und Bo Yu. „Speed Distribution Prediction of Freight Vehicles on Mountainous Freeway Using Deep Learning Methods“. Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (10.01.2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8953182.
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Driving speed is one of the most critical indicators in safety evaluation and network monitoring in freight transportation. Speed prediction model serves as the most efficient method to obtain the data of driving speed. Current speed prediction models mostly focus on operating speed, which is hard to reveal the overall condition of driving speed on the road section. Meanwhile, the models were mostly developed based on the regression method, which is inconsistent with natural driving process. Recurrent neural network (RNN) is a distinctive type of deep learning method to capture the temporary dependency in behavioral research. The aim of this paper is to apply the deep learning method to predict the general condition of driving speed in consideration of the road geometry and the temporal evolutions. 3D mobile mapping was applied to obtain road geometry information with high precision, and driving simulation experiment was then conducted with the help of the road geometry data. Driving speed was characterized by the bimodal Gauss mixture model. RNN and its variants including long short-term memory (LSTM) and RNN and gated recurrent units (GRUs) were utilized to predict speed distribution in a spatial-temporal dimension with KL divergence being the loss function. The result proved the applicability of the model in speed distribution prediction of freight vehicles, while LSTM holds the best performance with the length of input sequence being 400 m. The result can be related to the threshold of drivers’ information processing on mountainous freeway. Multiple linear regression models were constructed to be a contrast with the LSTM model, and the results showed that LSTM was superior to regression models in terms of the model accuracy and interpretability of the driving process and the formation of vehicle speed. This study may help to understand speed change behavior of freight vehicles on mountainous freeways, while providing the feasible method for safety evaluation or network efficiency analysis.
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Tian, Xiaoping, Changkuan Zou, Yuqing Zhang, Lei Du und Song Wu. „NA-DGRU: A Dual-GRU Traffic Speed Prediction Model Based on Neighborhood Aggregation and Attention Mechanism“. Sustainability 15, Nr. 4 (06.02.2023): 2927. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15042927.
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Traffic prediction is an important part of the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) and has broad application prospects. However, traffic data are affected not only by time, but also by the traffic status of other nearby roads. They have complex temporal and spatial correlations. Developing a means for extracting specific features from them and effectively predicting traffic status such as road speed remains a huge challenge. Therefore, in order to reduce the speed prediction error and improve the prediction accuracy, this paper proposes a dual-GRU traffic speed prediction model based on neighborhood aggregation and the attention mechanism: NA-DGRU (Neighborhood aggregation and Attention mechanism–Dual GRU). NA-DGRU uses the neighborhood aggregation method to extract spatial features from the neighborhood space of the road, and it extracts the correlation between speed and time from the original features and neighborhood aggregation features through two GRUs, respectively. Finally, the attention model is introduced to collect and summarize the information of the road and its neighborhood in the global time to perform traffic prediction. In this paper, the prediction performance of NA-DGRU is tested on two real-world datasets, SZ-taxi and Los-loop. In the 15-, 30-, 45- and 60-min speed prediction results of NA-DGRU on the SZ-taxi dataset, the RMSE values were 4.0587, 4.0683, 4.0777 and 4.0851, respectively, and the MAE values were 2.7387, 2.728, 2.7393 and 2.7487; on the Los-loop dataset, the RMSE values for the speed prediction results were 5.1348, 6.1358, 6.7604 and 7.2776, respectively, and the MAE values were 3.0281, 3.6692, 4.0567 and 4.4256, respectively. On the SZ-taxi dataset, compared with other baseline methods, NA-DGRU demonstrated a maximum reduction in RMSE of 6.49% and a maximum reduction in MAE of 6.17%; on the Los-loop dataset, the maximum reduction in RMSE was 31.01%, and the maximum reduction in MAE reached 24.89%.
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Bowman, Lindsey A., Ram M. Narayanan, Timothy J. Kane, Eliza S. Bradley und Matthew S. Baran. „Vehicle Detection and Attribution from a Multi-Sensor Dataset Using a Rule-Based Approach Combined with Data Fusion“. Sensors 23, Nr. 21 (30.10.2023): 8811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23218811.
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Vehicle detection using data fusion techniques from overhead platforms (RGB/MSI imagery and LiDAR point clouds) with vector and shape data can be a powerful tool in a variety of fields, including, but not limited to, national security, disaster relief efforts, and traffic monitoring. Knowing the location and number of vehicles in a given area can provide insight into the surrounding activities and patterns of life, as well as support decision-making processes. While researchers have developed many approaches to tackling this problem, few have exploited the multi-data approach with a classical technique. In this paper, a primarily LiDAR-based method supported by RGB/MSI imagery and road network shapefiles has been developed to detect stationary vehicles. The addition of imagery and road networks, when available, offers an improved classification of points from LiDAR data and helps to reduce false positives. Furthermore, detected vehicles can be assigned various 3D, relational, and spectral attributes, as well as height profiles. This method was evaluated on the Houston, TX dataset provided by the IEEE 2018 GRSS Data Fusion Contest, which includes 1476 ground truth vehicles from LiDAR data. On this dataset, the algorithm achieved a 92% precision and 92% recall. It was also evaluated on the Vaihingen, Germany dataset provided by ISPRS, as well as data simulated using an image generation model called DIRSIG. Some known limitations of the algorithm include false positives caused by low vegetation and the inability to detect vehicles (1) in extremely close proximity with high precision and (2) from low-density point clouds.
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Humphries, Samuel, Trevor Parker, Bryan Jonas, Bryan Adams und Nicholas J. Clark. „A dual U-Net algorithm for automating feature extraction from satellite imagery“. Journal of Defense Modeling and Simulation: Applications, Methodology, Technology 18, Nr. 3 (14.01.2021): 193–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1548512920983549.
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Quick identification of building and roads is critical for execution of tactical US military operations in an urban environment. To this end, a gridded, referenced, satellite images of an objective, often referred to as a gridded reference graphic or GRG, has become a standard product developed during intelligence preparation of the environment. At present, operational units identify key infrastructure by hand through the work of individual intelligence officers. Recent advances in Convolutional Neural Networks, however, allows for this process to be streamlined through the use of object detection algorithms. In this paper, we describe an object detection algorithm designed to quickly identify and label both buildings and road intersections present in an image. Our work leverages both the U-Net architecture as well the SpaceNet data corpus to produce an algorithm that accurately identifies a large breadth of buildings and different types of roads. In addition to predicting buildings and roads, our model numerically labels each building by means of a contour finding algorithm. Most importantly, the dual U-Net model is capable of predicting buildings and roads on a diverse set of test images and using these predictions to produce clean GRGs.
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Huang, Yu Yang, Laszlo Horvath und Péter Böröcz. „Measurement and Analysis of Industrial Forklifts Vibration Levels for Unit Load Testing Purposes“. Applied Sciences 11, Nr. 7 (24.03.2021): 2901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11072901.
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Forklifts are one of the most common types of material handling equipment used in warehouses and distribution centers. Vibration generated by forklifts may have an effect on the performance of unit loads and product damage rates. Historical research projects have focused predominantly on the measurement of vibration for over-the-road transportation. Thus, there is still a lack of understanding of the level of vibration caused by forklifts. The goal of this study was to understand how the vibration that is experienced by unit loads while being transported by forklifts is affected by factors such as speed, road condition, unit load weight, type of forklift, and sensor location. For this study, power spectral density (PSD) measurements were collected using a Lansmont Saver 9X30 data logger. Vibration levels were measured for three different industrial forklifts on two different surface types. The forklifts were driven at two different speeds while carrying two different unit load weights. For all of these conditions, the vibration levels were measured at the forklift carriage, at the back of the fork tine heel, and at the fork tine tips. The results obtained show that the highest vibrational intensity occurred at 3–4 Hz, while the highest overall Grms value observed was 0.145 G2/Hz (between 1–200 Hz). An increase in the forklift speed caused an increase in vibration intensity. In contrast, an increase in the unit load weight carried by the forklift caused a decrease in vibration intensity. Among the three forklifts studied, the gas-powered forklift had the highest vibration intensity, and all forklifts, when driven on asphalt, experienced more vibration.
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Heilhecker, Ellen, Richard P. Thiel und Wayne Hall. „Wolf, Canis lupus, Behavior in Areas of Frequent Human Activity“. Canadian Field-Naturalist 121, Nr. 3 (01.07.2007): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v121i3.472.
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We report incidental observations of Wolves (Canis lupus) tolerating human activity in central Wisconsin. Three monitored packs raised pups in close proximity to varying levels of human activity. Wolf pups were raised <350m from rearing pens of the endangered Whooping Crane (Grus americana), which saw daily human activity. One pack used cornfields as rendezvous sites within 175 m of a maintenance shed visited regularly by workers. Another pack centered their activities along a well-traveled state highway using both the verge and the road center for activity. Aerial locations of 10 yearling and adult dispersing Wolves were plotted to evalute human densities in natal territories relative to dispersal and post-dispersal territories. Township densities (mean = 9.02 humans/km2, SE = 4.015) and residential densities (mean = 5.59 housing units/km2, SE = 2.12 ) in natal pack territories were significantly greater (P <.01) for dispersal and post-dispersal township densities (mean = 43.98 humans/km2, SE =7.37) and residence densities (mean = 23.12 housing units/km2, SE =3.49). Furthermore, a pup negotiated the densely populated region of northern Illinois and dispersed from central Wisconsin to east-central Indiana, a distance of at least 690 km. As Wolves live in closer proximity to humans, living in areas of higher township and residential densities, they can be expected to be more habituated to people, increasing the probability of human/Wolf conflicts.
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E. P., Ita-Nya. „Comparative Assessment of Plant Species and Their Taxa Distribution between the Capital Cities of Akwa Ibom and Bayelsa States, Nigeria“. African Journal of Environment and Natural Science Research 7, Nr. 2 (09.05.2024): 122–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajensr-icmbkjhy.
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The study examined the comparative assessment of plant species and their taxa distribution between the Capital Cities of Akwa Ibom and Bayelsa States, Nigeria. The study established quadrats of 30mx200m along road (transects) in GRAs of Uyo City, Akwa Ibom State and Yenagoa City, Bayelsa State labelled as sampled sites and a quadrat of 100mx100m were established as control sites (secondary forest) at a minimum of 300m from the sampled sites. Descriptive statistics were employed to analyse the data. Findings revealed that that a total of 32 plant individual species types were found in the sampled sites in Uyo while a total of 16 plant individual species types belonging to 13 families were found in Yenagoa. Also, the 32 individual plant species found under the sampled sites belong to 20 families with Arecaceae and Moraceae having the highest species individuals in Uyo Town while 26 individual plant species were identified belonging to 19 families with Apocynaceae and Guthiferae producing the highest numbers of species individuals in Yenagoa. The study can be concluded that there was variation in the plant taxa between Akwa Ibom State and Yenagoa State as the plant composition in the Uyo is more than that of Yenagoa Town suggesting the influence of the level of urbanization and other anthropogenic activities. The study recommended that urban greening activities should commence immediately in the areas where there is a shortage of plant composition.
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Gavira, Muriel de Oliveira, Ana Maria Nunes Gimenez und Caroline Capitani. „Construindo alento“. Revista Internacional de Extensão da UNICAMP 4 (28.12.2023): e023005. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/ijoce.v4i00.17815.
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O objetivo do trabalho é apresentar o “Projeto de Extensão Construindo Alento”, concebido para fortalecer e desenvolver capacidades dos membros das comunidades Vila Paula (Campinas, SP) e Bairro Geada (Limeira, SP) a partir de iniciativas dialógicas e participativas na área de emprego digno e autonomia produtiva (empreendedorismo). Essas duas comunidades ficam em cidades nas quais a Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp) possui campi. O projeto contou com o financiamento do 3º Edital ProEC - PEX 2021, com início em janeiro de 2022. Para a concepção do projeto, partimos de entendimentos consolidados, na literatura especializada, sobre o papel fundamental que as universidades, especialmente as públicas, podem desempenhar em suas localidades, notadamente em momentos de grandes desafios e crises que assolam a sociedade. Os métodos utilizados foram: aplicação de questionários e observações (visitas), com finalidade de identificar demandas. As ações realizadas foram as seguintes: 1) visitas nas e das comunidades; 2) rodas de conversa; 3) elaboração de vídeos, guias e manuais para acesso a emprego digno e aos ensinos técnico e superior; 4) projetos de final de curso de estudantes dos cursos de Administração e Administração Pública da Unicamp. Participaram do projeto, estudantes da Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas (FCA/Unicamp), integrantes do Grupo de Estudos sobre Relações Universidade e Sociedade (GRUS/Unicamp), parceiros externos - Senai/Campinas, Associação de Moradores da Vila San Martin, Centro de Esportes e Artes Unificado de Limeira (CEU) do Bairro Geada, Escola Estadual Dr. Telemaco Paioli Melges e Centro de Voluntariado Universitário - Limeira.
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Guo, Dudu, Peifan Jiang, Yin Qin, Xue Zhang und Jinquan Zhang. „Logistics Transportation Vehicle Supply Forecasting Based on Improved Informer Modeling“. Applied Sciences 14, Nr. 18 (11.09.2024): 8162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14188162.
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This study focuses on the problem of the supply prediction of logistics transportation vehicles in road transportation. Aiming at the problem that the supply data of logistics transportation has the characteristics of long sequential data, numerous influencing factors, and a significant spatiotemporal evolution law, which leads to the lack of accuracy of supply predictions, this paper proposes a supply prediction method for logistics transportation based on an improved Informer model. Firstly, multidimensional feature engineering is applied to historical supply data to enhance the interpretability of labeled data. Secondly, a spatiotemporal convolutional network is designed to extract the spatiotemporal features of the supply volume. Lastly, a long short-term memory (LSTM) model is introduced to capture the supply volume’s long- and short-term dependencies, and the predicted value is derived through a multilayer perceptron. The experimental results show that mean square error (MSE) is reduced by 73.8%, 79.36%, 82.24%, 78.58%, 77.02%, 53.96%, and 40.38%, and mean absolute error (MAE) is reduced by 52%, 59.5%, 60.36%, 57.52%, 53.9%, 31.21%, and 36.58%, respectively, when compared to the auto-regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), support vector regression (SVR), LSTM, gated recurrent units (GRUs), a back propagation neural network (BPNN), and Informer and InformerStack single models; compared with the ARIMA + BPNN, ARIMA + GRU and ARIMA + LSTM integrated models, the MSE is reduced by 74.88%, 71.56%, and 74.07%, respectively, and the MAE is reduced by 51.31%, 50%, and 52.02%; it effectively reduces the supply prediction error and improves the prediction accuracy.
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Furch, Jan, Jiří Stodola und Josef Glos. „Vibrodiagnostics Used for Evaluating the Technical Condition of a Mechanical Gearbox“. MATEC Web of Conferences 198 (2018): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819802002.
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The aim of this article is to evaluate the technical condition of a mechanical four-speed gearbox tightly connected to a mechanical two-speed auxiliary gearbox placed in an off-road vehicle. When observing the technical condition of the mechanical gearbox, we used one of technical diagnostics methods, namely vibrodiagnostics. The mechanical gearbox was monitored during all its life cycle up to failure occurrence. In the article there is a detailed description of the stand where the gearbox technical condition was monitored. When observing vibration signals, we used four tri-axial sensors placed in four selected spots depending on the design arrangement of antifriction bearings. In order to evaluate the measured results, two methods were applied, namely the root mean square gRMS based on the measured acceleration in three axes. The other method used for monitoring the technical condition was the Crest factor. The aim of the experiment was to monitor the technical condition of the mechanical gearbox, mainly its antifriction bearings, therefore the values were measured when the gear was put into fourth position and into overdrive in the auxiliary gearbox. When the gear is put into fourth position, the torque is transmitted from the motor through the main gearbox and the auxiliary gearbox directly. Single gearbox wheels are engaged but not loaded (they do not transmit the torque). At the end of our article we introduced the measured values along with the oral evaluation of the technical condition of the mechanical gearbox and the auxiliary gearbox.
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Chruzik, Katarzyna, und Aleksander Korchut. „A new method of psychotechnical testing of transport operators“. MATEC Web of Conferences 231 (2018): 05001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823105001.
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New expectations in the field of psychotechnical tests and screening of transport operators has led to the improvement of theoretical foundations and increase in quality of the psychological judicature, which has proved to be challenging to the scientific units and health centers. The purpose of the abovementioned adjudicating is to determine the existence or the absence of the contraindications to drive a vehicle or to perform the duties of an instructor or an examiner. This is particularly difficult in case of the branch of unit based transport (that is road transport) where the results of the emergencies are usually incomparably lesser than in others means of transport (air, rail, sea). These tests have been presented only from the perspective of professional transport operators and their range is limited. The publication contains the description of a new methodology of testing transport operators with the use of a device that allows to determine the level of functional efficiency of the nervous system and the correlation of mental processes (such as the efficiency of cognitive, intellectual, and psychomotor functions and selected personality features, temperament) with the physiological parameters (pulse, GRS etc.) – that is Psychotronics. This device allows to diagnose the psychomotor efficiency of people employed in professions requiring special psychomotor vigilance and human activity where current psychological possibilities determine the life and safety of others.
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Harrou, Fouzi, Abdelkader Dairi, Abdelhafid Zeroual und Ying Sun. „Forecasting of Bicycle and Pedestrian Traffic Using Flexible and Efficient Hybrid Deep Learning Approach“. Applied Sciences 12, Nr. 9 (28.04.2022): 4482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12094482.
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Recently, increasing interest in managing pedestrian and bicycle flows has been demonstrated by cities and transportation professionals aiming to reach community goals related to health, safety, and the environment. Precise forecasting of pedestrian and bicycle traffic flow is crucial for identifying the potential use of bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure and improving bicyclists’ safety and comfort. Advances in sensory technology enable collecting massive traffic flow data, including road traffic, bicycle, and pedestrian traffic flow. This paper introduces a novel deep hybrid learning model with a fully guided-attention mechanism to improve bicycles and pedestrians’ traffic flow forecasting. Notably, the proposed approach extends the modeling capability of the Variational Autoencoder (VAE) by merging a long short-term memory (LSTM) model with the VAE’s decoder and using a self-attention mechanism at multi-stage of the VAE model (i.e., decoder and before data resampling). Specifically, LSTM improves the VAE decoder’s capacity in learning temporal dependencies, and the guided-attention units enable selecting relevant features based on the self-attention mechanism. This proposed deep hybrid learning model with a multi-stage guided-attention mechanism is called GAHD-VAE. Proposed methods were validated with traffic measurements from six publicly available pedestrian and bicycle traffic flow datasets. The proposed method provides promising forecasting results but requires no assumptions that the data are drawn from a given distribution. Results revealed that the GAHD-VAE methodology can efficiently enhance the traffic forecasting accuracy and achieved better performance than the deep learning methods VAE, LSTM, gated recurrent units (GRUs), bidirectional LSTM, bidirectional GRU, convolutional neural network (CNN), and convolutional LSTM (ConvLSTM), and four shallow methods, linear regression, lasso regression, ridge regression, and support vector regression.
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Abdullah, Sura Mahmood, Muthusamy Periyasamy, Nafees Ahmed Kamaludeen, S. K. Towfek, Raja Marappan, Sekar Kidambi Raju, Amal H. Alharbi und Doaa Sami Khafaga. „Optimizing Traffic Flow in Smart Cities: Soft GRU-Based Recurrent Neural Networks for Enhanced Congestion Prediction Using Deep Learning“. Sustainability 15, Nr. 7 (29.03.2023): 5949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15075949.
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Recently, different techniques have been applied to detect, predict, and reduce traffic congestion to improve the quality of transportation system services. Deep learning (DL) is becoming increasingly valuable for solving critiques. DL applications in transportation have been collected in several recently published surveys over the last few years. The existing research has discussed the cloud environment, which does not provide timely traffic forecasts, which is the cause of frequent traffic accidents. Thus, a solid understanding of the difficulties in predicting congestion is required because the transportation system varies widely between non-congested and congested states. This research develops a bi-directional recurrent neural network (BRNN) using Gated Recurrent Units (GRUs) to extract and classify traffic into congested and non-congested. This research uses a bidirectional recurrent neural network to simulate and forecast traffic congestion in smart cities (BRNN). Urban regions worldwide struggle with traffic congestion, and conventional traffic control techniques have failed miserably. This research suggests a data-driven approach employing BRNN for traffic management in smart cities, which uses real-time data from sensors and linked devices to control traffic more efficiently. The primary measures include predicting traffic metrics such as speed, weather, current, and accident probability. Congestion prediction performance has also been improved by extracting more features such as traffic, road, and weather conditions. The proposed model achieved better measures than the existing state-of-the-art methods. This research also explores an overview and analysis of several early initiatives that have shown promising results; moreover, it explores two potential future research approaches to increase the accuracy and efficiency of large-scale motion prediction.
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Manrique-Gómez, Cristian Camilo, Carlos Alberto Guzmán-López und Robinson Aguirre. „Caracterización petrofísica como potencial reservorio de las sucesiones siliciclásticas paleógenas del pozo ANH-TIERRALTA-2-X-P en la Cuenca Sinú-San Jacinto, caribe colombiano“. Revista Boletín de Geología 42, Nr. 1 (01.01.2020): 15–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18273/revbol.v42n1-2020001.
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Una evaluación petrofísica se llevó a cabo para los niveles siliciclásticos del pozo ANH-TIERRALTA-2-X-P en la Cuenca de Sinú-San Jacinto, Noroeste de Colombia. El pozo se dividió en cinco unidades informales que contienen diez ciclos estratigráficos basándose en la litología y la respuesta del registro de gamma ray. La primera desde la superficie hasta 1100 ft (Formación El Carmen, Oligoceno), la segunda (1100 ft - 3100 ft) compuesta de biomicritas (Formación Tolúviejo, Eoceno). La Unidad 3 corresponde a areniscas cuarzosas y litoarenitas interestratificadas con lutitas (de 2000 ft de espesor); la Unidad 4 corresponde a areniscas conglomeráticas (5530 ft – 6620 ft); la Unidad 5 (6620 ft hasta 6770 ft) contiene calizas grises; estas tres últimas, se correlacionan con la Formación San Cayetano, Paleoceno. La unidad basal (6770 ft hasta 8711 ft) contiene lutitas de color gris oscuro, y se correlaciona con la Formación Cansona, del Cretácico superior. Petrográficamente, se analizaron 26 secciones delgadas del Ciclo 8 (Unidad 3). La diagénesis temprana está representada por compactación, caolinitización de feldespatos alcalinos y sericitización de plagioclasas, y la diagénesis de enterramiento por neoformación de cemento de poros de calcita. Los ciclos siliciclásticos basales (4, 5 y 6 en la Unidad 4) son los más prospectivos para la acumulación de hidrocarburos, mientras que el Ciclo 7 (en la Unidad 3), correspondería a la roca sello del posible sistema petrolífero. El volumen de shale se calculó a partir de los registros de gamma ray y densidad-neutrón. Los cálculos de porosidad hechos a partir del registro de densidad (entre 8 y 15%) son los más próximos a los valores calculados en el laboratorio a partir de los plugs recuperados (5%). La saturación de agua se estimó utilizando la porosidad calculada y el registro de resistividad profunda, reportándose un valor promedio de 95% en los potenciales reservorios analizados
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Redondo, Nilda. „Reseña de Diario de viaje a oriente (1850-1851) y otras crónicas del viaje oriental Mansilla, Lucio V. Edición, introducción y notas de María Rosa Lojo (dirección) con la colaboración de Marina Guidotti (asistente de dirección), María Laura Pérez Gras y Victoria Cohen Imach. Buenos Aires: Ediciones Académicas de Literatura Argentina Siglos XIX y XX, Corregidor, 2012, 376 páginas.“ Anclajes 17, Nr. 2 (01.07.2013): 94–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.19137/anclajes-2013-1728.
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HOUINSOU, Tognidè Auguste, Cocou Blaise NASSIHOUNDE und Kweshivi Bienvenu KPATOUKPA. „Gestion Environnementale Et Sociale De L’amenagement Des Rues Dans La Partie Ouest De Cotonou Au Sud-Benin“. International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies 39, Nr. 1 (16.06.2023): 06. http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v39.1.4323.
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RésuméLa présente recherche vise à contribuer à la mise en œuvre des trois Plans de Gestion Environnementale et Sociale (PGES) de l’aménagement des rues dans la partie ouest de CotonouL’approche méthodologique adoptée s’articule autour de la collecte de données, leur traitement et analyse des résultats. Au total, 252 ménages ont été enquêtées et 169 personnes ressources ont été interviewés sur le terrain.A l’issue des travaux de terrain quatre lots du projet Asphaltage dans la commune de Cotonou ont été pris en compte pour l’appréciation de la mise en œuvre des trois PGES. La première entreprise Société de Gestion des Eaux et Assainissement – Société Anonyme des Travaux d’Outre-Mer (SOGEA-SATOM) capitalise 66,67 % des notes et la dernière Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Group Company Limited (HNRB) 45,80 %. Trois lots sur quatre obtiennent une note supérieure à 15,22 % des mesures moyennement respectées. Pour les mesures non respectées, le premier lot obtient une note 18,32 % et le dernier totalise 11,59 %. Le point culminant des mesures non prévues atteint 14,50 % contre 6,52 % pour le dernier lot. Deux types d’impacts significatifs ont été identifiés par les riverains : les impacts négatifs se résument aux accidents de circulation, à l’inondation pendant la saison pluvieuse, à la vibration des gros engins en activité, la poussière, aux bruits et conflits de circulation. Ces impacts exposent la population riveraine à des maladies telles que la toux, le paludisme, la bronchite et le rhume. Les impacts positifs sont la réalisation des infrastructures socio-communautaires, l’ouverture des voies, l’installation des activités génératrices de revenus. Une meilleure mise en œuvre des mesures du PGES dans le contexte de développement durable exige que les différents acteurs travaillent en synergie et jouent entièrement leur rôle.Mots clés : Cotonou, plan de gestion environnementale et sociale, asphaltage, évaluation des impacts.AbstractThis research aims to contribute to the implementation of the three Environmental and Social Management Plans (ESMP) for the development of streets in the western part of CotonouThe methodological approach adopted revolves around the collection of data, their processing and analysis of the results. A total of 252 households were surveyed and 169 resource persons were interviewed in the field.At the end of the field work, four batches of the Asphalting project in the commune of Cotonou were taken into account for the assessment of the implementation of the three ESMPs. The first company Water and Sanitation Management Company – Overseas Works Limited Company (SOGEA-SATOM) capitalizes 66.67% of the notes and the last Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Group Company Limited (HNRB) 45.80% . Three batches out of four obtain a score higher than 15.22% of the measures moderately respected. For the measures not respected, the first batch obtains a score of 18.32% and the last totals 11.59%. The peak of the unforeseen measures reached 14.50% against 6.52% for the last lot. Two types of significant impacts have been identified by local residents: the negative impacts can be summed up as traffic accidents, flooding during the rainy season, vibration of large machinery in operation, dust, noise and traffic conflicts . These impacts expose the local population to diseases such as coughs, malaria, bronchitis and colds. The positive impacts are the construction of socio-community infrastructure, the opening of roads, the installation of income-generating activities. A better implementation of the ESMP measures in the context of sustainable development requires that the various actors work in synergy and fully play their role.Keywords: Cotonou, environmental and social management plan, paving, impact assessment.
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Bonatti, Gisele Alves, und María José Corchete Martín. „Reflexões Sobre o Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Indústria da Moda“. REVISTA INTERNACIONAL CONSINTER DE DIREITO 04, Nr. 04 (30.06.2017): 443–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.19135/revista.consinter.00004.17.
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ACOSTA, Corinna. ¿ Qué es la moda?. Expok, México, 12.05.2014. Disponível em: <http://www.expoknews.com/que-es-la-moda-rapida/>. Acesso em: 03 mar. 2017. BBC. Why East Africa wants to ban second-hand clothes, 02.03.2016. Disponível em: <http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-35706427>. Acesso em: 25 mar. 2017. BCC. Desabamento em Bangladesh revela o lado obscuro da moda, 28.04.2013. Disponível em: <http://www.bbc.com/portuguese/noticias/2013/04/130428_bangladesh_tragedia_lado_obscuro>. Acesso em: 03 mar. 2017. BECK, Ulrich. La sociedad de riesgo: hacia una nueva modernidad. Barcelona: Paidós, 1998. BECKERMAN, Wilfred. “How Would You Like Your ‘Sustainability’, Sir? Weak or Strong? A Reply to My Critics”. In: Environmental Values, Cambridge, v. 4, n. 2, p. 169-179, maio 1995. Disponível em: <www.jstor.org/stable/30301474>. Acesso em: 05 jan. 2017. BOSSELMAN, Klaus. O princípio da sustentabilidade: transformando direito e governança. São Paulo: Revista dos Tribunais, 2015. BRASIL. Lei Ordinária 16.222. São Paulo, 25.06.2015. Disponível em: <https://leismunicipais.com.br/a/sp/s/sao-paulo/lei-ordinaria/2015/1623/16222/lei-ordinaria-n-16222-2015-proibe-a-producao-e-a-comercializacao-de-foie-gras-e-artigos-de-vestuario-feitos-com-pele-animal-no-ambito-da-cidade-de-sao-paulo-e-da-outras-providencias>. Acesso em: 08 set. 2015. BRASIL. Projeto de Lei 684/2011. Deputado Weliton Prado (PT-MG). Disponível em: <http://www.camara.gov.br/proposicoesWeb/fichadetramitacao?idProposicao=494401>. Acesso em: 15 mar. 2017. BRUNDTLAND, Gro Harlem. Our Common Future: from one earth to one world. Nova York: Oxford University Press, 1987. CARVALHAL, André. Moda com propósito: manifesto pela grande virada. São Paulo: Schwarcz, 2016. CHAU, Lisa. The Wastful Culture of Forever 21, H&M, and “fast fashion”. USNEWS, 21.09.2012. Disponível em: <https://www.usnews.com/opinion/blogs/economic-intelligence/2012/09/21/the-wasteful-culture-of-forever-21-hm-and-fast-fashion>. Acesso em: 03 mar. 2017. COMISSÃO EUROPEIA. Regulamento 2016/26. 13.01.2016. Disponível em: <http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/ES/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32016R0026>. Acesso em: 15 mar. 2017. CONFINO, Jo. We buy a staggering amount of clothing, and mosto f it ends up in landfills. The Huffpost Post, Brasil, 07.09.2016. Disponível em: <http://www.huffpostbrasil.com/entry/transforming-the-fashion-industry_us_57ceee96e4b0a48094a58d39>. Acesso em: 20 mar. 2017. DAERO, Guilherme. Comercial chocante mostra o outro lado do couro. Exame.com, Brasil, 16.05.2016. Disponível em: <http://exame.abril.com.br/marketing/comercial-chocante-mostra-o-outro-lado-do-couro/>. Acesso em: 18 mar. 2017. FASHIONUNITED. Global fashion industry statistics– International Apparel. Disponível em: <https://fashionunited.com/global-fashion-industry-statistics>. Acesso em: 20 fev. 2017. GREENPEACE INTERNATIONAL. A little story about a fashionable lie. Greenpeace International, Amsterdam, fevereiro 2014. Disponível em: <http://www.greenpeace.org/international/Global/international/publications/toxics/2014/A-Fashionable-Lie.pdf>. Acesso em: 28 mar. 2017. _____. The Detox Catwalk 2016, campaing and criteria explained. Greenpeace International, 16.07.2016. Disponível em: <https://secured-static.greenpeace.org//international/Global/international/code/2016/Catwalk2016/pdf/Detox_Catwalk_Explained_2016.pdf>. Acesso em: 18 mar. 2017. _____. The Detox Catwalk 2016. Who’s on the path to toxic-free fashion. Disponível em: <http://www.greenpeace.org/international/en/campaigns/detox/fashion/detox-catwalk/>. Acesso em: 18 mar. 2017. GUERRA, Sidney. Direito Internacional ambiental. Rio de Janeiro: Freitas Bastos Editora, 2006. INTERNATIONAL ANTI-FUR COALITION. Victories on the Road to a Fur-Free World. Disponível em: <http://www.antifurcoalition.org/fur-free-victories.html>. Acesso em: 08 set. 2015. LEITE, José R. Sociedade de risco e Estado. In: CANOTILHO, José J. Gomes; LEITE, José R. Direito Constitucional Ambiental Brasileiro. 3. ed. São Paulo: Saraiva, 2010. LOVELOCK, James. A vingança de Gaia. Rio de Janeiro: Intrínseca, 2006. MARCONDES FILHO, Ciro. Para entender a comunicação. São Paulo: Paulus, 2008. OATEN, Mark. New production figures reveal another Strong year global fur trade. Wearfur, Londres, 17.06.2016. Disponível em: <https://www.wearefur.com/new-production-figures-reveal-another-strong-year-global-fur-trade/>. Acesso em: 07 mar. 2017. TOLEDO, Gabriela. Extração de peles. PEA (Projeto Esperança Animal), Brasil. Disponível em <http://www.pea.org.br/Crueldade/peles/index.htm>Acesso 16 de março de 2017. RIVERO, Sérgio et al. Pecuária e desmatamento: uma análise das principais causas diretas do desmatamento na Amazônia. Nova econ, Belo Horizonte, v. 19, n. 1, p. 41-66, abr. 2009. Disponível em: <http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-63512009000100003&lng=en&nrm=iso>. Acesso em: 15 mar. 2017. SAMPAIO, Rômulo Silveira da Rocha. Direito Ambiental: doutrina e casos práticos. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier / FGV, 2011. SANTIAGO, Rejane Saraiva de. Gestão ambiental na indústria têxtil: estudo de casos do Ceará. 2011. 110 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia de Produção) – Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa. SANTOS, Patrícia Menezes et al. Mudanças Climáticas Globais e a Pecuária: Cenários Futuros para o semiárido Brasileiro. Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física, v. 4, n. 06, p. 1.176-1.196, 2011. Disponível em: <http://www.revista.ufpe.br/rbgfe/index.php/revista/article/view/268/236>. Acesso em: 15 mar. 2017. SANTOS, Simone. Impacto Ambiental causado pela indústria têxtil. In: Biblioteca da Associação Brasileira de Engenharia de Produção. UFSC – Engenharia de Produção e Sistemas, Florianópolis (SC), 1997. Disponível em: <http://www.abepro.org.br/biblioteca/ENEGEP1997_T6410.PDF>. SILVA, Claudio Eduardo Azevedo; SOUZA Sérgio A Coelho; MIRANDA, Marcio. Solução biode(sa)gradável. In: Ciência hoje. v. 43, n. 254, p. 18-23, nov. 2008. UNEP (United Nations Environment Rights). Climate Change and Human Rights. Nairobi: UNON Publishing Service Section, december 2015. Disponível em: <http://web. unep.org/newscentre/new-un-report-details-link-between-climate-change-and-human-rights>. Acesso em: 07 mar. 2017. WELLE, Deutsche. Agropecuária é responsável por 90% do desmatamento ilegal no Brasil. Carta Capital, Brasil, 16.03.2014. Disponível em: <https://www.cartacapital.com.br/sustentabilidade/agropecuaria-e-responsavel-por-90-do-desmatamento-ilegal-no-brasil-7771.html>. Acesso em: 31 mar. 2017.
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Bouchemoukha, Haroun, Mohamed Nadjib Zennir und Ahmed Alioua. „A spatial‐temporal graph gated transformer for traffic forecasting“. Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies 35, Nr. 7 (26.06.2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ett.5021.
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AbstractAccurate traffic forecasting is more necessary than ever for transportation departments, especially given its significant role in traffic planning, management, and control. However, most existing methods struggle to address complex spatial correlations on road networks, nonlinear temporal dynamics, and difficult long‐term prediction. This article proposes a novel spatial temporal graph gated transformer (STGGT) to overcome these challenges. The suggested model differs from Google's transformer because it uses a hybrid architecture that integrates graph convolutional networks (GCNs), attention, and gated recurrent units (GRUs) instead of solely relying on attention. Specifically, STGGT uses GCNs to extract spatial dependencies, utilizes attention and GRUs to extract temporal dependencies, and handle long‐term prediction. Experiments indicate that STGGT outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art baseline models on two real‐world traffic datasets of 9%–40%. The proposed model offers a promising solution for accurate traffic forecasting, simultaneously addressing the challenges of complex spatial correlations, nonlinear temporal dynamics, and long‐term prediction.
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Karedin, V. S., und N. V. Pavlenko. „CREDO ON SERVICE BY ROADWAYERS“. Avtoshliakhovyk Ukrayiny, 14.12.2018, 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33868/0365-8392-2018-4-256-37-47.
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The multifunctional CREDO complex of is aimed to provide automated data processing in geodetic works, engineering surveys, data preparation for GIS, creation of digital terrain models, automated design of roads. In the article, you can find main features and functionality of common CREDO software products for the construction projects design. CREDO software for road construction projects allow implementing an effective technological chain of work: from the preparation of initial data for design to the transfer of design solutions to the construction site, including 3D-systems for automatic control of road construction machines. CREDO ROADS software can be supplemented with modules – RAMPS, TRAFFIC ORGANIZATION, SETTLEMENT, ROADS ASSESSMENT of. Solution of additional and special tasks is provided by applications: CREDO RADON, CREDO TRAFFIC, CREDO SIGN, GRIS, MORFOSTVOR and SLOPE. The article highlights the possibility of high quality, fast and accurate calculation of the volume of work to perform the project of road repair and reconstruction. This feature of the software is the most relevant for Ukraine in terms of the huge scale of the planned works on the restoration of the transport network of the country. In the article, the authors consider the main directions of each of the systems, their functional features and advantages for the design of transport infrastructure. For the convenience of working with the software package and design in a single regulatory space, CREDO systems are fully adapted to the regulatory standards of Ukraine Keywords: road, computer-aided design, tracing, longitudinal profile, traffic management, engineering surveys, repair project, ramps, digital model of the project, road pavement, 3D-systems.
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Ledina, T., Z. Mijačević, S. Bulajić und M. Babić. „PROBIOTSKI STATUS BAKTERIJA MLEČNE KISELINE“. ВЕТЕРИНАРСКИ ЖУРНАЛ РЕПУБЛИКЕ СРПСКЕ 13, Nr. 2 (11.09.2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.7251/vjrs1302176l.
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Probiotici se definišu kao živi mikroorganizmi koji, kada se unesu, pokazuju blagotvoranefekat na domaćina. Mnogi sojevi iz roda Lactobacillus imaju status probiotika.Nedostatak gena za prenošenje rezistencije na antibiotike jedan je odključnih uslova kako bi soj dobio GRAS status. Svaki probiotski soj bi trebalo dapreživi pasažu kroz gastrointestinalni trakt, kako bi uspeo da ostvari blagotovorneefekte po domaćina.Materijal za ovo ispitivanje predstavljao je 51 soj laktobacila koji su izolovani izsjeničkog sira.Svi sojevi su ispitivani na rezistenciju na devet antibiotika. Od ukupno 51 soja,šest je pokazalo osetljivost na sve antibiotike, dok je 23 pokazalo prirodnu rezistenciju,koja, kao takva, nije rizična za prenošenje gena. Najčešći profil rezistencijebila je rezistencija na vankomicin i tetraciklin. Od 18 sojeva koji su stekli uslove zadalje ispitivanje, kod devet njih je ispitivana mogućnost preživaljavanja u simuliranimuslovima želuca, odnosno duodenuma. Takođe je ispitivana i antimikrobna aktivnosti sposobnost hemolize. Svih devet sojeva je pokazalo odličnu sposobnostpreživljavanja u simuliranim uslovima želuca, dok je svega tri moglo da preživi uprisustvu žučnih soli. Svih devet sojeva je pokazalo antimikrobnu aktivnost protivListeria monocytogenes i Staphylococcus aureus, a nijedan nije pokazao hemolizu.Prema rezultatima u ovom ispitivanju, sojevi laktobacila izolovani iz sjeničkogsira pokazali su da imaju potencijal da steknu status probiotika, ali su za to potrebnadalja ispitivanja.
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Beazley, Karen F., Tamaini V. Snaith, Frances MacKinnon und David Colville. „ROAD DENSITY AND POTENTIAL IMPACTS ON WILDLIFE SPECIES SUCH AS AMERICAN MOOSE IN MAINLAND NOVA SCOTIA“. Proceedings of the Nova Scotian Institute of Science (NSIS) 42, Nr. 2 (01.11.2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.15273/pnsis.v42i2.3610.
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Habitat conversion, degradation and fragmentation, and the introduction of exotic species are among the primary factors causing the loss of biodiversity. Road density is a valuable indicator of these anthropogenic factors. Deleterious biological effects extend more than 1000 metres from roads, and road density of 0.6 km/km2 has been identified as an apparent threshold value above which natural populations of certain large vertebrates decline. Road density assessments in Nova Scotia indicate that many areas exceed this threshold. Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicate relationships between road density, moose pellet distribution, and habitat suitability values. Road density has a statistically significant negative correlation with moose pellets, such that as road density increases, the probability of moose pellet presence decreases. Road density alone and road density in combination with habitat suitability index values predict the presence of moose pellets, whereas habitat suitability values alone do not. Thus, road density may be an indicator of moose habitat selection or effectiveness in mainland Nova Scotia. Biodiversity conservation activities in Nova Scotia and elsewhere could focus on discouraging further road densities above 0.6 km/km2; protecting remaining roadless and low road density areas; minimizing new road construction, especially in natural areas; decommissioning and regenerating old logging roads; increasing buffer zones between natural areas and roads; and providing road crossings for wildlife in the form of under and overpasses.La conversion, la dégradation et la fragmentation des habitats ainsi que l’introduction d’espèces exotiques figurent parmi les principaux facteurs responsables de la réduction de la biodiversité. La densité routière est un indicateur précieux de ces facteurs anthropiques. Des effets biologiques négatifs se font sentir à plus de 1 000 mètres des routes, et il semble qu’une densité routière de 0,6 km/km2 constitue un seuil au-dessus duquel les populations naturelles de certains gros vertébrés diminuent. En Nouvelle-Écosse, la densité routière dépasse ce seuil dans plusieurs régions. Des analyses de régression logistique multivariée révèlent des relations entre la densité routière, la répartition des excréments d’orignaux et les valeurs de qualité de l’habitat. Il existe une corrélation négative significative entre la densité routière et les excréments d’orignaux, l’augmentation de la densité routière réduisant la probabilité de la présence d’excréments. La densité routière seule et la densité routière combinée aux valeurs de l’indice de qualité de l’habitat permettent de prévoir la présence d’excréments d’orignaux, tandis que les valeurs de qualité de l’habitat seules ne peuvent le faire. Par conséquent, la densité routière peut être un indicateur du choix ou de l’utilité de l’habitat pour l’orignal dans la partie continentale de la Nouvelle-Écosse. Dans cette province et ailleurs, les activités de conservation de la biodiversité pourraient mettre l’accent sur le maintien de la densité routière à moins de 0,6 km/km2, sur la protection des zones sans route et à faible densité routière, sur la réduction de la construction de nouvelles routes, en particulier dans les régions naturelles, sur la mise hors-service et la restauration des vieux chemins d’exploitation forestière, sur l’augmentation des zones tampons entre les régions naturelles et les routes et sur l’aménagement de traversées routières (tunnels et viaducs) pour les animaux sauvages.