Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Gn740“

Rice is a symbol of life and a representation of prosperity in South Korea. However, studies on the diversity of the bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of rice plants are limited. In this study, four bundles of root samples were collected from the same rice field located in Goyang, South Korea. These were systematically analyzed to discover the diversity of culturable bacterial communities through culture-dependent methods. A total of 504 culturable bacteria were isolated and evaluated for their plant growth-promoting abilities in vitro. Among them, Arthrobacter sp. GN70 was selected for inoculation into the rice plants under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. The results showed a significantly positive effect on shoot length, root length, fresh plant weight, and dry plant weight. Moreover, scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images demonstrated the accumulation of bacterial biofilm networks at the junction of the primary roots, confirming the root-colonizing ability of the bacterium. The strain also exhibited a broad spectrum of in vitro antimicrobial activities against bacteria and fungi. Here, we first report the rice plant growth-promoting ability of the Arthrobacter species with the biofilm-producing and antimicrobial activities against plant and human pathogens. Genome analyses revealed features attributable to enhance rice plant growth, including the genes involved in the synthesis of plant hormones, biofilm production, and secondary metabolites. This study revealed that the rhizobacteria isolated from the roots of rice plants have dual potential to be utilized as a plant growth promoter and antimicrobial agent.

Abstract Background The national average of identification and susceptibility for organisms isolated from positive blood culture to final susceptibility based on growth on solid media is 48 hours. The goal of this research was to prove that the Vitek®2 (bioMérieux, Inc.) system can provide an accurate and reliable susceptibility result directly from positive blood culture for Gram negative rods and reduce the turnaround time (TAT) from positive blood culture to the final susceptibility. Methods An FDA-modified validation procedure was performed on positive blood cultures directly from the bottle to the VITEK®2 System for susceptibility testing. The protocol tested and validated an aliquot of 50uL of blood directly from the positive bottle into 10 mL of saline (1:200). The solution was vortexed and 3mL were placed in the VITEK®2 test tube. This protocol was intended only for Gram negative rods using the AST-GN70, AST-GN81 & AST-GN801 cards. This protocol followed the CLSI M52 and M100 guidelines. Results 515 organisms from clinical blood culture samples from July 2018 to October 2019 were evaluated. Organisms included, but were not limited to: E. coli, K. pneumoniae, Enterobacter spp., and P. aeruginosa, Proteus spp., Salmonella spp., Acinetobacter spp., and S. maltophilia. There were 5,201 drug/bug combinations. AdventHealth Orlando achieved an essential agreement of 99.32% (n=5,166), minor error 0.74% (n=39) major error 0.02% (n=1) and very major error 0.49% (n=2). A 100% agreement was achieved on detection of ESBL, CRE, and MDR organisms. Conclusion Rapid direct blood culture protocol using the VITEK®2 System and the AST-GN cards is accurate, reliable and can be performed with less than 1 minute hands-on time. The protocol can be implemented in any laboratory at no additional costs or modification where the current VITEK®2 AST-GN panels are in use. This protocol was clinically implemented at AdventHealth Orlando on July 15, 2019. Compared with the national average of 72 hours, the TAT obtained during this study was 23 hours from positive blood culture to final susceptibility, a significant reduction of 25 hours. The authors encourage bioMérieux Inc. to evaluate and explore the opportunity to expand the use of the VITEK®2 system for this application with the appropriate clinical trial. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Abstract Background The liver is a principal metabolic organ and has a major role in regulating lipid metabolism. With the development of rapidly fattening livestock in the modern breeding industry, the incidence of hepatic steatosis and accumulation in animals was significantly increased. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for hepatic lipid metabolic disturbances in a high concentrate diet remain unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of increasing concentrate level in a fattening lamb diet on biochemical indices, hepatic triglycerides (TG) concentration, and hepatic transcriptomic profiles. In the present study, 42 weaned lambs (about 3 ± 0.3 months old) were randomly assigned to the GN60 group (60% concentrate of dry matter, GN60, n = 21) or GN70 group (70% concentrate of dry matter, n = 21) for a 3-months feeding trial. Results No difference was observed in the growth performance or plasma biochemical parameters between the GN60 group and the GN70 group. The hepatic TG concentration was higher in the GN70 group than GN60 group (P < 0.05). Hepatic transcriptomic analysis showed that there were 290 differentially expressed genes identified between GN60 and GN70 groups, with 125 genes up-regulated and 165 genes down-regulated in the GN70 group. The enriched Gene Ontology (GO) items and KEGG pathways and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed that the majority of enriched pathways were related to lipid metabolism. Further analysis revealed that the fatty acid synthesis was up-regulated, while fatty acid transport, oxidation, and TG degradation were down-regulated in the GN70 group when compared with the GN60 group. Conclusions These results indicated that GN70 induced excess lipid deposition in the liver of lambs during the fattening period, with high synthesis rates and low degradation rates of TG. The identified mechanisms may help understand hepatic metabolism in lambs with a high concentrate diet and provide insight into decreasing the risk of liver metabolism disorder in animals.

Mục tiêu: Sàng lọc chủng xạ khuẩn từ đất vùng rễ cây Gừng (Zingiber officinale) nhằm tìm kiếm các chất có hoạt tính kháng vi khuẩn, kháng nấm và hoạt tính sinh học tiềm năng, làm cơ sở cho những nghiên cứu tiếp theo. Đối tượng, phương pháp: Thử nghiệm hoạt tính đối kháng của 8 chủng xạ khuẩn (Streptomyces MIP_GN34, GN35, GN36, GN37, GN38, GN39, GN40, GN41) phân lập từ đất vùng rễ cây Gừng (khu vực huyện Khoái Châu, tỉnh Hưng Yên) với 2 chủng vi sinh vật gây bệnh (Bacillus cereus ATCC11778 và Candida albican ATCC12031) bằng phương pháp khuếch tán đĩa thạch. Kết quả: Streptomyces MIP_GN36 có hoạt tính đối kháng với 2 chủng vi sinh vật gây bệnh Bacillus cereus ATCC11778 và Candida albican ATCC12031 với đường kính vòng vô khuẩn lần lượt là 13 mm và 10,5 mm ± 2 mm, có khả năng sinh trưởng ở dải nhiệt độ từ 25-50ºC, pH 6,5-7,5. Trên môi trường ISP4, khuẩn lạc có màu trắng ngà, bào tử xuất hiện sau 5-7 ngày nuôi cấy. MIP_GN36 sử dụng các nguồn carbon là tinh bột tan, rỉ đường; nguồn ni tơ là cao nấm men, pepton. Khảo sát các cụm gen liên quan đến quá trình sinh tổng hợp kháng sinh, Streptomyces MIP_GN36 mang gen mã hóa enzyme PKSII. Xác định đặc điểm hình thái kết hợp với trình tự 16S rRNA, MIP_GN36 có độ tương đồng 99,54% với loài Streptomyces thermocarboxydus trên Genbank, do đó được đặt tên là Streptomyces thermocarboxydus MIP_GN36.