Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Giraldi family“

Girardia Ball, 1974 is the most diverse and widely distributed genus of the family Dugesiidae (Platyhelminthes: Continenticola) in the Neotropical region. Seven out of the 52 species of the genus are known for Argentina. The Somuncurá Plateau is a region in northern Patagonia with several endemic flora and fauna, but little is known about the free-living Platyhelminthes. We describe two new species of Girardia partially inhabiting in sympatry in the Somuncurá Plateau: Girardia somuncura sp. nov. and Girardia tomasi sp. nov. The identification criteria that we followed was an integrative taxonomic approach based on morphological and molecular data. Thus, we used anatomical features focused on the reproductive system, together with a phylogenetic analysis, using a mitochondrial (COI barcode region) genetic marker. This study is the first phylogenetic analysis of the genus Girardia in which we include the southernmost representatives of America here described, thus making it possible to incorporate them in global phylogenies.

Spinosauridae family (Dinosauria: Theropoda): taxonomy, paleobiogeography and paleoecology (a revision). Spinosauridae is a family of Tetanuran theropod dinosaurs that was widely distributed during the Early Cretaceous. Here we revised the state of art of the family’s taxonomy, paleobiogeography and paleoecology. We compiled updated diagnosis for the holotypes of the 20 species attributed to the family since 1841, alongside with the different hypotheses related to the family’s paleobiogeography and paleoecology. We also compiled updated diagnosis for a series of indeterminate elements that are relevant in literature. We conclude that out of these 20 taxa six can be regarded as nomina dubia (Ostafrikasaurus crassiserratus, Suchosaurus girardi, Spinosaurus maroccanus, Siamosaurus suteethorni, Sinopliosaurus fusuiensis, Suchosaurus cultridens) due to the lack of diagnostic material and autapomorphies. Out of these, three were regarded as incertae sedis (Ostafrikasaurus crassiserratus, Suchosaurus girardi, Suchosaurus cultridens) for the same reasons and the possibility of belonging to previously already established taxa inside Spinosauridae and for one of these (Ostafrikasaurus crassiserratus) for possibly being a member of Ceratosauria. As for paleobiogeography, the fossil evidence suggests that the family might have originated in Laurasia (Western Europe), but the existence of a tooth older than the European taxa might indicate that the family might have originated in Gondwana (Brazil). Finally, regarding paleoecology, the most accepted hypothesis is that they were generalist predators of the margins of aquatic environments (i.e. riparian zone), and waders in shallow waters like modern herons and storks, and if necessary also resorting to terrestrial environments. They would be capable of alternating between resources and environments, in addition to sharing their habitats with theropods of the Abelisauridae and Carcharodontosauridae families and even with other spinosaurids, if the environmental conditions favored it. Keywords: Theropoda, Spinosauridae, Spinosaurinae, Baryonychinae, paleobiogeography, paleoecology.

Callicarpa giraldii (family Verbenaceae) has many medical properties and is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine. However, its chemical constituents have not been investigated. In this study, nine compounds present in the leaves and stems were isolated and characterized. These were negundonorin B (1), lupeol (2), erythrodiol (3), isoacteoside (4), forsythoside B (5), dibutyl phthalate (6), verbascoside (7), poliumoside (8), and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (9). The structures were identified by comparison of their NMR data with those reported in the literature. The anti-inflammatory effects of compounds 1-6 were tested on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Several compounds showed significant ( p < .05) inhibitory effects.

Enzyme polymorphism and 18S rRNA sequences have been used to measure genetic distances between several species of Platyhelminthes belonging to different taxa including freshwater and parasitic forms. We have used these data to address unresolved phylogenetic and taxonomic problems with this group at several different levels ranging from phylum to subgenus. The main conclusions supported by the data seem to be the following: (i) 18S rRNA data strongly suggest that the Platyhelminthes are monophyletic, being a sister-group to the other Eubilateria; a similar conclusion applies to the Paludicola as to the rest of Platyhelminthes studied; (ii) 18S rRNA and enzyme data indicate that the family Dugesiidae of the Paludicola is monophyletic with respect to the other two families, Planariidae and Dendrocoelidae; and (iii) the subgenus Schmidtea of the genus Dugesia is monophyletic with respect to the other two subgenera of Dugesia, Dugesia and Girardia. Other aspects of the relationships of subgenera and families could not be satisfactorily resolved, but point to new problems that should be addressed in future studies, namely the taxonomic status of the family Planariidae and the relationships between the genera and subgenera of the family Dugesiidae.

The karyotypes of four species of freshwater triclads of the genus Girardia (Platyhelminthes), i.e. G. schubarti, G. tigrina, G. anderlani, and G. biapertura, from populations of different localities of the Rio Grande do Sul State, in southern Brazil, were analyzed. The karyotype of G. biapertura is presented for the first time. Three basic complements of 4, 8, and 9 chromosomes were found. Diploids, triploids, or mixoploids (2n/3n) specimens were frequently detected in these populations. The basic chromosomal complement of n = 9 was verified in two different species (G. biapertura and G. anderlani), presenting a large acrocentric chromosome which is rare in the family Dugesiidae. An intra and interspecific chromosomal variability was also detected and its evolutionary implications are discussed.

AbstractThe study of the type material of Buellia ericina (Nyl.) Jatta has revealed that this species is characterized by the same diagnostic characters as Rinodina madeirensis Kalb & Hafellner, and both taxa are here considered to be conspecific. The generic position of Buellia ericina is discussed and it is concluded that the species is better placed within the genus Rinodina (Ach.) Gray. New chemical data on this taxon are provided, and its sorediate variety, R. ericina var. boomii, is described as new from Portugal. Its closest affinities are shown to be with Rinodina kalbii Giralt & Matzer and probably also R. insularis (Arnold) Hafellner.This group stands apart in the family Physciaceae. It shows affinities with Diploicia A. Massal. and is included provisionally in Rinodina.

This study presents investigation of sessile oak cynipid gall wasps fauna of Mt Fruška Gora. Gall wasps are insects, from the family Cynipidae, that induces galls mainly on oaks. Complex of sessile oak cynipid gall wasps were investigated during 4-year period (2016 - 2019). The survey was carried out on five sites: Kraljeve stolice, Spomenik, Brankovac, Ležimir and Rohalj baze. At total, number of seventeen cynipid gall wasps species were identified: Andricus aries (Girauld, 1859), Andricus caliciformis (Giraud, 1859), Andricus coriarius (Hartig, 1843), Andricus curvator (Hartig, 1840), Andricus dentimitratus (Rejto, 1887), Andricus glutinosus (Giraud, 1859), Andricus kollari (Hartig, 1843), Andricus lignicolus (Hartig,1840), Andricus lucidus (Hartig, 1843), Andricus solitarius (Fonscolombe, 1832), Cynips quercusfolii (Linnaeus, 1758), Cynips quercus (Fourcroy, 1785), Biorhiza pallida (Oliver, 1791), Neuroterus albipes (Schenck, 1863), Neuroterus anthracinus (Curtis, 1838), Neuroterus numismalis (Fourcroy, 1785) and Neuroterus quercusbaccarum (Linnaeus, 1758). Gall wasp A. dentimitratus is first record for Serbia. The most frequent species were A. lignicolus and A. glutinosus, which were found on all five observed sites.

Research of the reproduction activities of Dendrobates auratus Girard, 1855 is part of a broader ana­ly­sis of the problems encountered when keeping frogs from the family Dendrobatidae in captivity. The aim is to achieve an optimization of measures for successful breeding of these amphibians, for both the amateur hobbyist and conservationist alike. Due to the wide area they have colonized, many colour variations exist; the reproduction parameters of six differently coloured examples of the species were tracked. The collection of data happened in standardized conditions over two consecutive years (2007, 2008) and was aimed at measuring five indicators concerning reproduction, understanding of egg-laying dynamics during a year, measuring the risk of stock loss during different stages of development and determining if any differences existed between the different colour variations in these parameters. A noticable alternating cycle of rest and reproduction activities has been observed between equinoxes. In the harvest there were usually 5–10 eggs with an average incubation period of 10 days (8–18) at a temperature of 22 °C. The total duration of development was on average 74 days (64–103). The number of eggs in a harvest and the duration of incubation were statistically dif­fe­rent with the blue form between different observed periods. Total mortality rate during ontogenesis reached 10–53%, the highest losses were in the period when the tadpole left its egg and began developing its hind legs, 5–60%. The optimisation of breeding conditions has been reccommended. Secondary be­ne­fits of this study research was the collection of new knowledge about ethology of this species in captivity.

The fishes of the family Characidae are among the main species of fresh water fishes in South America. In this work, some aspects of the population structure of two Astyanax species were assessed. The fishes were caught in Santo Antônio and São José rivers, in the Paraguaçu basin, by standardized monthly samplings adapted to the microhabitats. Astyanax sp. b (São José river) presented larger size than Astyanax sp. a (Santo Antônio river). The length-weight relationship showed positive allometric growth for Astyanax sp. a, and negative for Astyanax sp. b. Both the species showed a long reproductive period, with higher activities in dry period.

Salinization of freshwater ecosystems is a pressing global issue. Changes in salinity can exert severe pressure on aquatic animals and jeopardize their survival. Procambarus clarkii is a valuable freshwater aquaculture species that exhibits some degree of salinity tolerance, making it an excellent research model for freshwater aquaculture species facing salinity stress. In the present study, crayfish were exposed to acute low salt (6 ppt) and high salt (18 ppt) conditions. The organisms were continuously monitored at 6, 24, and 72 h using RNA-Seq to investigate the mechanisms of salt stress resistance. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the crayfish responded to salinity stress with numerous differentially expressed genes, and most of different expression genes was observed in high salinity group for 24h. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses indicated that metabolic pathways were the primary response pathways in crayfish under salinity stress. This suggests that crayfish may use metabolic pathways to compensate for energy loss caused by osmotic stress. Furthermore, gene expression analysis revealed the differential expression of immune and antioxidant-related pathway genes under salinity stress, implying that salinity stress induces immune disorders in crayfish. More genes related to cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, such as the Foxo, Wnt, Hippo, and Notch signaling pathways, responded to high-salinity stress. This suggests that regulating the cellular replication cycle and accelerating apoptosis may be necessary for crayfish to cope with high-salinity stress. Additionally, we identified 36 solute carrier family (SLC) genes related to ion transport, depicting possible ion exchange mechanisms in crayfish under salinity stress. These findings aimed to establish a foundation for understanding crustacean responses to salinity stress and their osmoregulatory mechanisms.

AbstractAn association of 100 teeth and 15 vertebrae from a large, lamniform shark, is described from the uppermost part of the Gearle Siltstone in the Giralia Anticline, Southern Carnarvon Basin, Western Australia. The material represents a new genus and species: Cardabiodon ricki. The taxon is referred to the new family Cardabiodontidae on the basis of its dental formula and uniquely oversized lower lateroposterior teeth. Other characteristic features include a strong dignathic heterodonty and the presence of four anterior and approximately 14 lateroposterior toothfiles in both the upper and lower jaw. The size of the recovered vertebral centra indicates that the shark measured at least 5 m in total length. The species had a wide but possibly patchy distribution with additional occurrences in England and Kazakstan, where it is present in strata of Cenomanian age. Cardabiodon shares several key dental characters with Parotodus, known from Oligocene–Pliocene deposits. The latter taxon was previously grouped with the ‘mega-toothed’ sharks of the genera Otodus and Carcharocles, but is here reassigned to the Cardabiodontidae.The nominal species Cretalamna woodwardi from the middle or late Cenomanian of southern England, is designated as the type species of the new genus Dwardius. The coeval nominal species Pseudoisurus tomosus from the Saratov region in Russia, is based on material that almost certainly includes C. ricki and/or D. woodwardi. Designation of a lectotype for P. tomosus and its proper documentation would probably allow either C. ricki or D. woodwardi to be synonomised with the older name P. tomosus. There is, however, a strong possibility that the syntypes of P. tomosus are lost. Until they are found, redescribed and compared carefully with the type material of C. ricki and D. woodwardi, P. tomosus is a name of doubtful application and therefore referred to as a women dubium

Astyanax Baird et Girard, 1854, is one of the largest genera in the family Characidae and comprises 177 valid species. This genus has been the focus of cytogenetic studies primarily owing to the presence of B chromosomes and high karyotypic diversity among different populations. The intense genetic variability in Astyanax is one of the factors responsible for the occurrence of species complexes, which are groups (1) with certain difficulties in establishing common genetic pools or (2) belonging to different cryptic species. To evaluate cytogenetic marker inheritance and the possibility of the identification of these hybrids, this study aimed to describe cytogenetic hybrids from three strains of species of the genera Astyanax and Hyphessobrycon Eigenmann, 1908. A. lacustris Lütken, 1875, A. schubarti Britski, 1964, A. fasciatus Cuvier, 1819, and H. anisitsi Eigenmann, 1907 were used to generate three hybrid lineages. The diploid number, heterochromatin sites, and ribosomal genes (18S and 5S rDNA) of the parental strains and the hybrids were analyzed. The results indicated that the three hybrid lineages had cytogenetic markers of both parents, presenting Mendelian inheritance. However, differences in distribution of heterochromatic blocks were observed between the hybrids and the parent strains. Our results allowed the identification of the hybrid strains based on the cytogenetic markers applied, reinforcing the efficiency of cytogenetic markers as tools for identification and indicating that such events may increase the karyotypic diversity in the genera Astyanax and Hyphessobrycon.

The article examines the theory of violence of the philosopher Rene Girard and the role that Girard’s interpretation of Sophocles’ tragedy Oedipus Rex plays in it. Since the story of Oedipus has repeatedly been the subject of consideration, in particular, by psychoanalysis and structuralism, and since Girard’s own inter­pretation continues and at the same time polemicizes with these interpretations, the article examines the story of Oedipus taking into account the broad context of its modern philosophical, literary, and historical explanations. At the same time, the story of Oedipus itself is analyzed as a sequential layering of levels called in the article “mythological”, “family” and “political”. The article argues that almost all interpretations of the story of Oedipus consider one of these levels as the main one, and, therefore, can also be divided into three types. The inter­pretation of the story of Oedipus in Girard's theory, in accordance with this ty­pology, belongs to those that consider primarily its political aspect, which makes it close to modern problems, but at the same time vulnerable to criticism, since, in accordance with the logic of this interpretation, Oedipus is deprived of the qualities of a character, turning into a toy of impersonal processes, which significantly distorts the meaning of Sophocles’ tragedy in its “classical reading”.

The article examines the theory of violence of the philosopher Rene Girard and the role that Girard’s interpretation of Sophocles’ tragedy Oedipus Rex plays in it. Since the story of Oedipus has repeatedly been the subject of consideration, in particular, by psychoanalysis and structuralism, and since Girard’s own inter­pretation continues and at the same time polemicizes with these interpretations, the article examines the story of Oedipus taking into account the broad context of its modern philosophical, literary, and historical explanations. At the same time, the story of Oedipus itself is analyzed as a sequential layering of levels called in the article “mythological”, “family” and “political”. The article argues that almost all interpretations of the story of Oedipus consider one of these levels as the main one, and, therefore, can also be divided into three types. The inter­pretation of the story of Oedipus in Girard’s theory, in accordance with this ty­pology, belongs to those that consider primarily its political aspect, which makes it close to modern problems, but at the same time vulnerable to criticism, since, in accordance with the logic of this interpretation, Oedipus is deprived of the quali­ties of a character, turning into a toy of impersonal processes, which significantly distorts the meaning of Sophocles’ tragedy in its “classical reading”.

El funcionamiento familiar y su incidencia con la escuela es una preocupación sentida en la actualidad, lo que demuestra que es un fenómeno recurrente en los escenarios educativos, destacándose limitaciones relacionadas con la tendencia investigativa, que ha girado en torno a proyectos de diagnóstico, descripción del fenómeno y en menor medida a propuestas de alternativas que ayuden a la mantención de la funcionalidad familiar, la promoción de una buena calidad de vida y el manejo de situaciones. Basado en lo antes referido, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo establecer la relación entre la funcionalidad familiar y el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes basado en una muestra y bajo un tipo de estudio correlacional. PALABRAS CLAVE: Rendimiento académico; aprendizaje; funcionamiento familiar; calidad de vida, autoestima, adolescencia. FAMILY FUNCTIONALITY AS INCIDENCE IN THE SCHOOL PERFORMANCE OF FIRST YEAR´S BACHELOR STUDENTS OF THE PUERTO DE MANTA INTERNATIONAL PARTICULAR EDUCATIONAL UNIT ABSTRACT The familiar functioning and your incidence with the school is a felt preoccupation the present time, which demonstrate that it is a recurrent phenomenon in the educational stages, standing out related limitations with the investigative tendency, that has turned around about projects of diagnosis, description of the phenomenon and in smaller measure to proposals of alternatives that it help to the maintenance of the familiar functionality, the promotion of a good quality of life and the handling of situations. Based on related before, the present study has as objective establish the report between the familiar support and the academic performance of the students based on the positivist paradigm and below a type of study correlational. KEYWORDS: Academic performance; learning; familiar functioning; life of quality; self-esteem; adolescence.

Abstract The synthetic lethality resulting from the inhibition of the WRN helicase protein has been observed in tumors characterized by high levels of microsatellite instability (MSI-H). This instability stems from a deficiency in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) mechanisms, leading to the accumulation of DNA damage. This phenomenon is notably prevalent in 10-30% of colorectal, gastric, endometrial, and ovarian cancers. Specifically, the inhibition of WRN helicase activity induces DNA damage leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis exclusively in MSI-H cell lines. This selectivity underscores the therapeutic potential of WRN inhibitors, as they demonstrate efficacy against MSI-H cells while remaining non-toxic to microsatellite stable (MSS) cell lines. Ryvu is developing a chemical series of potent, selective WRN helicase inhibitors. Structure-based optimization facilitated the rapid expansion and delivery of a compound library with novel intellectual property (IP), demonstrating target engagement in cells and selective potency over other RecQ family members. The correlation between the cellular effect and selectivity upon treatment with these ligands was confirmed in the clonogenic assay, specifically in responder, microsatellite instable cell lines only, thereby leaving a substantial safety margin (&gt;100x) relative to non-responder, microsatellite stable lines. Target engagement has been confirmed by dose dependent DNA damage pathway activation concomitant with WRN degradation in in vitro assays. The pharmacokinetic properties of these compounds are favorable for progressing to in vivo studies. The correlation between compound exposure and on-target effect was confirmed in PK/PD and efficacy studies in xenograft MSI-H cancer models. These data provide pharmacological proof-of-concept for the synthetic lethal effect of our inhibitors and support WRN inhibition as a new oncological therapy. Citation Format: Wojciech Schönemann, Agnieszka Ludwig-Słomczyńska, Łukasz Dudek, Marcin Król, Marco Farinone, Urszula Kulesza, Wojciech Jasnosz, Izabela Mac, Karol Zuchowicz, Katarzyna Wierzbicka, Aleksandra Buchcic-Szychowska, Andrzej Gondela, Anna Zagórska, Oliwia Matuszewska, Marta Sowińska, Marcin Nowogródzki, Marianna Girardi, Szymon Paluch, Svitlana Sukhomlinova, Agata Chłopek, Iana Levenets, Kamila Kozłowska-Tomczyk, Katarzyna Łagosz-Ćwik, Mateusz Stoszko, Szymon Woroszyło, Maciej Mikulski, Justyna Jabłońska, Magdalena Wiśniewska, Katarzyna Palus-Chramiec, Paulina Podkalicka-Gołda, Anita Janiga, Sylwia Sudoł-Tałaj, Magdalena Sieprawska-Lupa, Magdalena Miodek, Jacek Faber, Róża Starczak, Bozena Winnik, Agnieszka Świrska, Anna Kowal-Chwast, Dawid Gogola, Sanja Novak Ratajczak, Agata Dudek, Nilesh Gaud, Grzegorz Satała, Agata Stachowicz, Martin Swarbrick, Krzysztof Brzózka, Magdalena I. Zawadzka. Discovery of WRN inhibitors as targeted therapy in the treatment of microsatellite unstable (MSI-H) tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 5942.

Astyanax brucutu is described from the rio Pratinha, rio Paraguaçu basin, Bahia, Brazil. The new species is promptly distinguished from other characids by having four, rarely three, robust, rounded, and usualy tricuspid teeth on inner premaxillary series and similar teeth on dentary. The species is furthermore characterized by a series of unusual character states in the Characidae, including head blunt in lateral and dorsal views, longitudinal foreshortening of lower jaw, ventral margin of third infraorbital distinctly separated from horizontal limb of preopercle, leaving a broad area without superficial bones, mesethmoid anteroventrally expanded, and adductor mandibulae and primordial ligament remarkably developed. Analysis of gut contents of adults revealed the almost exclusive presence of crushed shells of tiny gastropods of the family Hydrobiidae. The robust anatomy of jaws, teeth, muscles and associated ligaments are likely adaptations to durophagy, a feeding strategy unusual among characids. Astyanax brucutu is known only from its type locality, an approximately 670 m long, transparent and isolated perennial epigean watercourse surrounded by subterranean or intermittent rivers. The distinctive combination of environmental features characterizing the area of occurrence of the new species is not observed elsewhere in the basin or adjacent basins. A series of severe anthropogenic impacts, associated with the restricted geographic range of the species, implies that A. brucutu should be regarded as Critically Endangered (CR) according to IUCN Red List Criteria.

Astyanax Baird et Girard, 1854, is one of the largest genera in the family Characidae and comprises 177 valid species. This genus has been the focus of cytogenetic studies primarily owing to the presence of B chromosomes and high karyotypic diversity among different populations. The intense genetic variability in Astyanax is one of the factors responsible for the occurrence of species complexes, which are groups (1) with certain difficulties in establishing common genetic pools or (2) belonging to different cryptic species. To evaluate cytogenetic marker inheritance and the possibility of the identification of these hybrids, this study aimed to describe cytogenetic hybrids from three strains of species of the genera Astyanax and Hyphessobrycon Eigenmann, 1908. A. lacustris Lütken, 1875, A. schubarti Britski, 1964, A. fasciatus Cuvier, 1819, and H. anisitsi Eigenmann, 1907 were used to generate three hybrid lineages. The diploid number, heterochromatin sites, and ribosomal genes (18S and 5S rDNA) of the parental strains and the hybrids were analyzed. The results indicated that the three hybrid lineages had cytogenetic markers of both parents, presenting Mendelian inheritance. However, differences in distribution of heterochromatic blocks were observed between the hybrids and the parent strains. Our results allowed the identification of the hybrid strains based on the cytogenetic markers applied, reinforcing the efficiency of cytogenetic markers as tools for identification and indicating that such events may increase the karyotypic diversity in the genera Astyanax and Hyphessobrycon.

Abstract Background: Salvage options for patients with relapsed T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) are limited, with less than 25% of these patients achieving second remission 1, 2. 70% of T-ALL cases have activating mutations of the NOTCH1 pathway, which transcriptionally activates MYC by binding to its `superenhancer' region 3, 4. Other deregulated oncogenic pathways in T-ALL include PI3K/Akt, the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family, and CDKN2A/2B cell cycle regulators 5, 6. The NOTCH1-MYC regulatory circuit is an attractive therapeutic target, but clinical development of gamma-secretase inhibitors (GSI) to target NOTCH1 has been limited by 'on target' toxicities. A better target may be BRD4, a critical component of superenhancer complexes that binds to acetylated histone (3 and 4) and drives NOTCH1 mediated MYC transcription7. ARV-825 is a hetero-bifunctional PROteolysis TArgeting Chimera (PROTAC) that has 3 components: a thienodiazepine-based BRD4 ligand, a linker arm, and a cereblon-binding ligand. ARV-825 recruits BRD4 to the E3 ubiquitin ligase cereblon and leads to efficient and sustained degradation of BRD4, resulting in down-regulation of MYC. Methods: We investigated the effectiveness of ARV-825 against T-ALL cell lines, including GSI-resistant lines. Since microenvironmental signals are critical for the survival of T-ALL, we specifically tested the impact of BRD4 degradation on CD44/CD44v, which integrates cell-extrinsic microenvironmental signals and is part of cysteine transporter that maintains low intra-cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), necessary for T-ALL survival and the persistence of disease. We also examined the anti-leukemic effect of ARV-825 in a T-ALL patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model of disseminated leukemia with a constitutively active NOTCH1 mutation. Results: The IC50s for all tested T-ALL cell lines at 72 hours were in the low nanomolar range (&lt; 50 nM). ARV-825 leads to sustained degradation of BRD4 and down-regulation of its transcriptional targets MYC, Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL and inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in GSI-sensitive (HPB-ALL, KOPT1) and GSI-resistant (MOLT4, SUPT1) cell lines. Mass cytometry based proteomic analysis (CyTOF) and immunoblotting showed that ARV-825 down-regulated cell intrinsic oncogenic molecules: transcription factors Myc and NFkB, cell cycle regulator CDK6, activated PI3K/Akt, and anti-apoptotic Bcl2 family proteins. In addition ARV-825 down regulated two key molecules involved in leukemia-stroma interaction; CD44 (Fig. 1), and CD98, a component of amino acid transporters xCT, LAT1 and 2, both essential in regulation of oxidative stress. Quantitative PCR and immunoblotting analysis confirmed the transcriptional down regulation of total CD44 and CD44 variants 8-10 (2-fold change treated vs . untreated). As a functional correlate of down-regulation of CD98/CD44/CD44v, flow cytometry confirmed increased intracellular ROS generation (Fig. 2). Finally, in a PDX mouse model of human T-ALL, ARV-825 treatment resulted in lower leukemia burden (confirmed by flow cytometry for human CD45+ cells in bone marrow) and better survival compared to vehicle-treated control mice (p=0.002) (Fig.3). Reference: 1. Marks DI, Rowntree C. Management of adults with T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 2017; 129(9): 1134-1142. 2. Litzow MR, Ferrando AA. How I treat T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults. Blood 2015; 126(7): 833-41. 3. Sanchez-Martin M, Ferrando A. The NOTCH1-MYC highway toward T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 2017; 129(9): 1124-1133. 4. Demarest RM, Ratti F, Capobianco AJ. It's T-ALL about Notch. Oncogene 2008; 27(38): 5082-91. 5. Girardi T, Vicente C, Cools J, De Keersmaecker K. The genetics and molecular biology of T-ALL. Blood 2017; 129(9): 1113-1123. 6. Joshi I, Minter LM, Telfer J, Demarest RM, Capobianco AJ, Aster JC et al. Notch signaling mediates G1/S cell-cycle progression in T cells via cyclin D3 and its dependent kinases. Blood 2009; 113(8): 1689-98. 7. Loven J, Hoke HA, Lin CY, Lau A, Orlando DA, Vakoc CR et al. Selective inhibition of tumor oncogenes by disruption of super-enhancers. Cell 2013; 153(2): 320-34. Disclosures Qian: 4Arvinas, LLC. New Haven, CT: Employment. Raina: 4Arvinas, LLC. New Haven, CT: Employment. McKay: 6 ImmunoGen, Inc.Waltham, MA: Employment. Kantarjian: Novartis: Research Funding; Amgen: Research Funding; Delta-Fly Pharma: Research Funding; Bristol-Meyers Squibb: Research Funding; Pfizer: Research Funding; ARIAD: Research Funding. Andreeff: Daiichi Sankyo: Consultancy.

Este volumen colectivo es el resultado de las actividades realizadas por el antiguo Comité Permanente sobre Familias, Niños, Niñas y Jóvenes Migrantes de IMISCOE (Red Internacional de Migración, Integración y Cohesión Social), entre 2014 y 2019. La publicación parte de la idea de que “la migración es fundamentalmente un asunto de familia”, aunque la investigación específica no surgió hasta la década de 1980. Los autores son conscientes de la necesidad urgente de aportaciones sobre el tema desde el estudio de las migraciones.

Abstract Background: T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematopoietic malignancy characterized by an aberrant proliferation of immature thymocytes affecting preferentially children and adolescents. Approximately 70% of T-ALL cases have activating mutations of the NOTCH1 followed by oncogenic pathways PI3K/Akt, the anti-apoptotic BCL-2 family, and CDKN2A/2B cell cycle regulators 1, 2. Unlike other leukemias such as chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and Philadelphia-positive ALL, which are kinase-driven malignancies 3, 4, the initiating events in T-ALL cause the ectopic expression of transcription factors that drive leukemogenesis, hence targeted therapies needed to focused on this field. Cyclin Dependent Kinase 8 (CDK8) and its paralog CDK19, restrain activation of super-enhancer-associated tumor suppressors and lineage commitment genes in leukemia. Moreover CDK8 phosphorylates intracellular domain (ICD) and regulates activation and turnover of NOTCH1 5, 6, indicating that targeting CDK8 with specific inhibitors may be considered as a novel therapeutic strategy for T-ALL. RVU120 is a first-in-class, specific and selective inhibitor of CDK8/CDK19, currently in phase Ib dose-escalation trial in patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) AML and HR-MDS (NCT04021368). Objectives: The goals of these studies were to investigated the effectiveness of RVU120 and other non-related CDK8/19 inhibitors against T-ALL cell lines/PDXs, including GSI-resistant lines. Comprehensive analysis of target inhibition and apoptotic signatures were evaluated. The clinical relevance of RVU120 in LICs was confirmed in Patient derived xenografts (PDXs). Results: T-ALL cell lines and PDXs were treated with RVU120 and other chemically non-related CDK8/19 inhibitors in different concentration for 12-18 days, and the changes in cell number and apoptosis using flow cytometry analysis were determined. High differential efficacy in double-digit nM range has been observed for NOTCH1 PEST domain mutant cell lines including GSI-sensitive HPB-ALL cells and GSI-resistant cells PF-382, KOPT-K1, and MOLT4, where both inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis were observed. GI-resistant cell lines SUP-T1, SUP-T11, MOLT16 and JURKAT were considered as moderately sensitive and LOUCY (early T-cell phenotype ALL), and CCRF-CEM devoid those phenotype, were considered as resistant to RVU120. Results form etsblished cell lines were further corroborated in patient-derived xenograft cells (PDX) treated with RVU120. In T-ALL PDX 6522288 (Notch1 HD /PEST mut, TET2 mut, U2AF1 mut, WT1 mut and CUL76- CDKN2A/B mut, PTEN-/-) treatment with RVU120 was followed by a reduction in cell number and induction of apoptosis in phenotypically defined leukemia initiating cells (LICs) CD34+CD7+CD19-, with calculated IC50s value for bulk and LICs as 92.8 nM and 141.8 nM, respectively. The clinical relevance of these findings and impact on LICs are under the evaluation in PDX mice model. Mechanistically, treatment with RVU120 reduced the phosphorylation of STAT5 and STAT1 as well as the level of MYC and anti-apoptotic proteins MCL1, but induced expression of BAX in sensitive cells. Hence, inhibition of CDK8 is a novel approach to target the LICs in T-ALL. Conclusion: Inhibition of CDK8 by RVU120 triggers inhibition of cell proliferation and apoptosis in cell lines and LICs in T-ALL. Further clinical study is warranted to study the efficacy of RVU120 and CDK8 inhibition in T-ALL. Keywords: CDK8, RVU120, apoptosis, T-ALL, LICs in PDX model Reference 1 Girardi, T., Vicente, C., Cools, J. & De Keersmaecker, K. Blood129, 1113-1123, doi:10.1182/blood-2016-10-706465 (2017). 2 Sanchez-Martin, M. & Ferrando, A. Blood 129, 1124-1133, doi:10.1182/blood-2016-09-692582 (2017). 3 Braun, T. P., Eide, C. A. & Druker, B. J. Cancer cell 37, 530-542, doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2020.03.006 (2020). 4 Gazeau, N. et al. Leukemia 34, 2230-2233, doi:10.1038/s41375-020-0715-2 (2020). 5 Pelish, H. E. et al. Nature526, 273-276, doi:10.1038/nature14904 (2015). 6 Fryer, C. J., White, J. B. & Jones, K. A. Molecular cell 16, 509-520, doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2004.10.014 (2004). Disclosures Golas: Ryvu Therapeutics: Current Employment. Windak: Ryvu Therapeutics: Current Employment. Rzymski: Ryvu Therapeutics: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Andreeff: ONO Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Research Funding; Glycomimetics: Consultancy; Daiichi-Sankyo: Consultancy, Research Funding; Breast Cancer Research Foundation: Research Funding; Karyopharm: Research Funding; Reata, Aptose, Eutropics, SentiBio; Chimerix, Oncolyze: Current holder of individual stocks in a privately-held company; Amgen: Research Funding; Aptose: Consultancy; Medicxi: Consultancy; Oxford Biomedica UK: Research Funding; Novartis, Cancer UK; Leukemia & Lymphoma Society (LLS), German Research Council; NCI-RDCRN (Rare Disease Clin Network), CLL Foundation; Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Syndax: Consultancy; Senti-Bio: Consultancy. Borthakur: GSK: Consultancy; Astex: Research Funding; Takeda: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Ryvu: Research Funding; University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center: Current Employment; Protagonist: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; ArgenX: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.

Presentación En septiembre de 2017, la Asociación Colombiana de Alergia, Asma e Inmunología (ACAAI) y la Organización Mundial de Alergia (WAO) celebraron conjuntamente en la Ciudad de Cartagena, Colombia, dos eventos únicos: el XI Congreso Colombiano de Alergia, Asma e Inmunología y el Simposio WAO “Alergia a ácaros: de la ciencia básica a las aplicaciones clínicas”. Los organizadores se esmeraron a fondo en ofrecer un programa de contenido novedoso e interesante, pero también en lograr una convocatoria numerosa y de calidad que motivara la presentación de trabajos libres. Para ello, se emprendió una ambiciosa gestión con el fin de lograr la publicación de los resúmenes en una revista de impacto para la especialidad, llegando a un acuerdo con la Revista de Alergia de México, líder en las áreas de la alergología y la inmunología en la región, y órgano oficial de la Sociedad Latinoamericana de Alergia, Asma e Inmunología (SLAAI). Alergología Presentación Carlos D. Serrano R. Adherence to pharmacotherapy improves school performance in children with rhinitis and asthma Jorge Mario Sánchez, Andrés Sánchez, Ricardo Cardona Adherencia a la inmunoterapia sublingual y subcutánea en los pacientes del servicio de alergología de una institución en salud. Medellín, Colombia Ana Milena Acevedo, Rosa Farfán, Ruth Ramírez, Ricardo Cardona Aerobiological study in Lima, Peru Silvia Uriarte,Óscar Calderón Aerobiological study in Peruvian cities Silvia Uriarte,Óscar Calderón Alergia al trigo en un adulto. Reporte de un caso Ricardo Cardona, Karen Hernández, Julián Londoño Alimentación complementaria antes de los 4 meses de edad y su relación con asma, rinitis y eccema Karol Cervantes De la Torre, Francisco Guillén-Grima Alta frecuencia de sensibilización a camarón entre pacientes con rinitis alérgica sin consumo previo María Angélica Muñoz, Estefanía Hernández Susana Diez, Jorge Sánchez Alteraciones psicosociales entre escolares y adolescentes con alergias respiratorias en Medellín, Colombia Juan José Yepes, Víctor Calvo, Ricardo Cardona Anafilaxia causada por cidra y yuca. Reporte de caso Emerson Daniel Amaya-Ruiz Anafilaxia en lactante alérgico a la proteína de la leche de vaca Ana María Calle-Álvarez, Carlos Fernando Chinchilla Anafilaxia perioperatoria. Reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura María Clara Vásquez-Maya, Mónica Molina, Ricardo Cardona Anafilaxia tardía tras la ingesta de carnes rojas con sensibilización a alfa-gal. Reporte de caso María Beatriz García-Paba Asma alérgica infantil severa resistente que remite tras manejo con omalizumab. Reporte de caso Miguel Ángel Daza-Cruz, Andrés Felipe Mantilla-Santamaría Association of IgE profiles to micro-arrayed house dust mite allergens with allergic symptoms measured in a house dust mite challenge chamber Azahara Rodríguez-Domínguez, Yvonne Resch, Petra Zieglmayer, Rudolf Valenta, Susanne Vrtala Ausencia de reactividad cruzada entre aril propiónicos. Reporte de caso Julián Londoño, Ricardo Cardona Calidad de vida en población pediátrica con dermatitis atópica atendidos en una unidad especializada de alergología de Medellín, Colombia Ruth Ramírez-Giraldo, Iris Castelblanco-Arango, Víctor Calvo, Carlos Chinchilla-Mejía, Ricardo Cardona-Villa Caracterización clínica de pacientes con rinosinusitis crónica en un centro ambulatorio de alergología e inmunología en Bogotá Carlos Olmos-Olmos Clinical efficacy of cat or dog allergen A real-life study Silvia Uriarte, Joaquín Sastre Comparison of several combinations maintenance and reliever therapy for asthma patients Pablo Andrés Miranda-Machado Comportamiento de las gastroenteropatías eosinofílicas en la población pediátrica Carolina Gallego-Yepes, Luisa María Holguín-Gómez, Yuliana Toro-Colorado, Carlos Fernando Chinchilla-Mejía Conocimientos básicos en alergología en una cohorte de médicos generales que ingresan a residencia diferente de alergología Luis Fernando Ramírez-Zuluaga, Carlos Daniel Serrano-Reyes De anafilaxia por Culex a síndrome de activación mastocitaria en un paciente adulto Ricardo Cardona, Emerson Daniel Amaya-Ruiz, María Angélica Muñoz-Ávila Dermatitis de contacto no tan obvias: descripción de casos Carolina Gómez-García, Edison Morales-Cárdenas Desensibilización a quimioterápicos: nuestra experiencia David Baquero-Mejía, Alfredo Iglesias-Cadarso, María del Mar Goñi-Yeste, María del Mar Reaño-Martos, Marta Rodríguez-Cabrero, Matilde Rodríguez-Mosquera Desensibilización exitosa a ciclofosfamida. Reporte de un caso Diana Lucía Silva-Espinosa, Luis Fernando Ramírez-Zuluaga, Carlos Daniel Serrano-Reyes Desensibilización exitosa a hierro sacarosa endovenoso. Descripción de dos casos Edgardo Antonio Chapman-Ariza, Leidy Álvarez-Ricardo, Dalyla Leal, Mónica Duarte-Romero, Elizabeth García Desensibilización exitosa con tocilizumab. Reporte de un caso Luis Fernando Ramírez-Zuluaga, Diana Lucía Silva-Espinosa, Carlos Daniel Serrano-Reyes Diagnóstico molecular en alergia a camarón y langostino Diana Lucía Silva-Espinosa, Luis Fernando Ramírez-Zuluaga, Carlos Daniel Serrano-Reyes Eritrodermia recurrente que condujo al diagnóstico de síndrome hipereosinofílico Liliana María Tamayo-Quijano, Lina María Aguirre-Hernández ¿Es la levadura un alérgeno importante en la alergia a licores? Reporte de caso Yuliana Toro-Colorado Esofagitis eosinofílica en niños de una región intertropical Luisa Holguín-Gómez Experiencia de inmunoterapia con extractos no modificados durante un año en un centro ambulatorio de Bogotá Carlos Olmos-Olmos, Catalina Gómez-Parada Lizeth Florez Exposición y sensibilización a insectos en pacientes alérgicos en el trópico Jorge Mario Sánchez, Andrés Sánchez, Ricardo Cardona Exposure and sensitization to dust mites in Peruvian cities Silvia Uriarte, Óscar Calderón, Víctor Iraola Factores sociodemográficos y su relación con el nivel de control del asma en pacientes pediátricos del Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño de Perú César Galván-Calle, Ricardo Muñoz-León, David García-Gomero, Edgar Matos-Benavides, Wilmer Córdova-Calderón, María López-Talledo Frecuencia de reacción alérgica a la triple viral en 94 pacientes con alergia a huevo Jorge Mario Sánchez, Ruth Ramírez, Ricardo Cardona Herramienta de orientación en casos de incertidumbre de intolerancia a AINE Ricardo Cardona, Julián Londoño, Felipe Arboleda, Víctor Calvo Hipersensibilidad a AINE en niños: lo que no se ajusta a la clasificación María Angélica Muñoz-Ávila, Ruth Helena Ramírez-Giraldo, Ricardo Cardona-Villa House dust mites as potential carriers for IgE sensitization to bacterial antigens Sheron Dzoro, Irene Mittermann, Yvonne Resch, Susanne Vrtala, Marion Nehr, Alexander M. Hirschl, Gustav Wikberg, Lena Lundeberg, Catharina Johansson, Annika Scheynius, Rudolf Valenta IgE serological tests based on natural house dust mite extracts underestimate allergen-specific IgE levels compared to recombinant allergen-based tests Huey-Jy Huang, Yvonne Resch-Marat, Kuan-Wei Chen, Renata Kiss, Rudolf Valenta, Susanne Vrtala IgE/IgG1 antibody responses to ubiquitin are associated with emergency room attendance due to asthma symptoms Juan Felipe López-Crespo, Dilia Mercado, Velky Ahumada-Contreras, Ronald Regino López, Josefina Zakzuk-Sierra, Luis Caraballo Impacto del uso de la herramienta “Reactividad cruzada entre betalactámicos” Ricardo Cardona, Julián Londoño, Felipe Arboleda, Víctor Calvo Inhibition of Orai-STIM coupling alleviates experimentally-induced airways remodeling changes Martina Sutovska, Sona Franova Más allá de la alergia a la yuca o mandioca Ricardo Cardona, María Angélica Muñoz-Ávila, Kenny Mauricio Gálvez-Cardenas Mastocitosis cutánea difusa. Reporte de un paciente pediátrico Rodrigo Alonso Gaviria-Rendón, Ricardo Cardona Miositis eosinofílica, parte del espectro del síndrome hipereosinofílico o diagnóstico Reporte de un caso Carlos Olmos-Olmos Modelo de ecuaciones estructurales en pacientes con urticaria crónica Ricardo Cardona, Susana Diez, Víctor Calvo Niveles séricos de cortisol matutino en niños atópicos con asma bronquial y su influencia en la respuesta inmune IgE. estudio piloto en comunidades pobres de la ciudad de Barranquilla Fernando Rafael De La-Cruz-López, Gloria Egea-Garavito, Nicole S. Pereira-Sanandres, Luis Fang-Mercado, Iván Stand-Niño, Sofía Moreno-Woo, Gloria Garavito-De Egea, Eduardo Egea-Bermejo Omalizumab como terapia adyuvante para la dermatitis atópica severa en niños: una serie de casos María Alejandra García-Chabur, Alejandro Durán, Edgardo Chapman, Elizabeth García Omalizumab en conjuntivitis vernal severa: a propósito de un caso Manuela Olaya-Hernández, Luis Fernando Ramírez, Carlos Daniel Serrano-Reyes Omalizumab más allá del asma y la urticaria crónica espontánea Luisa Holguín, Angélica Muñoz, Ricardo Cardona Patients living in urban areas require more pharmacotherapy and have lower remission of symptoms for asthma and rhinitis than patients in rural location Jorge Mario Sánchez, Andrés Sánchez, Ricardo Cardona Prevalence, incidence and mortality of anaphylaxis in Colombia Pablo Andrés Miranda-Machado Prueba de parches de flores, un acercamiento a la estandarización María Muñoz, Catalina Gómez, Susana Diez, Liliana Guevara, Carlos Chinchilla, Ricardo Cardona Pruebas in vivo e in vitro para el diagnóstico de alergia a metamizol en pacientes de un centro médico en Perú David García-Gomero, Daniel Mendoza-Quispe, Edgar Matos-Benavides, Rosario Inocente Malpartida, Marco Álvarez-Ángeles Remisión de urticaria solar posterior al uso de omalizumab. Reporte de caso Ana María Villa-Arango, María Angélica Muñoz-Ávila, Ricardo Cardona Reporte de un paciente con queratoconjuntivitis vernal controlada con omalizumab y recaída con su suspensión Jorge Sánchez, Luis Carlos Santamaría-Salazar ¿Requiere cambios la clasificación actual de urticaria crónica? July Ospina-Cantillo, Liliana Guevara-Saldaña, Ricardo Cardona Rhinitis symptoms, mattress covers and bedroom environmental control: a multicentred double blind randomized versus placebo-controlled trial Emeline Furon Safety of an ultra-rush subcutaneous immunotherapy using an infusion pump in real-life Silvia Uriarte, Joaquín Sastre Seguimiento a largo plazo de inmunoterapia oral con leche de vaca David Baquero-Mejía, Pedro Ojeda-Fernández, Peter Bae, Isabel Ojeda-Fernández, Gema Rubio-Olmeda, Rocío Mourelle-Aguado, Sandra Yago-Meniz Seguridad de la inmunoterapia por vía subcutánea con alergoides María Nelly Restrepo Sensibilización a aeroalérgenos en pacientes pediátricos con asma atendidos en un periodo de 4 años en un Hospital de Medellín, Colombia Estefanía Vásquez-Echeverri, J. H. Donado, M. P. Villar, S. I. Ramírez, Carlos Fernando Chinchilla-Mejía, J. E. García Sensibilización a contactantes en 2003 pacientes de Medellín, Colombia María Nelly Restrepo-Colorado, Edison Morales-Cárdenas E, Ana María Acevedo-Vásquez, Daniel Amaya-Ruiz, Paula Andrea Arango-Castaño, Rosa Remedios Farfán-Plata, Carolina Gómez-García, Ruth Mery Marín Franco, Margarita Olivares-Gómez, Rafael Alberto Pérez-Arango, Liliana María Tamayo-Quijano, Juan David Tobón-Franco, Liliana María Valencia-Gómez Sensitization to the mosquito allergens, Aed a 1 and Aed a 2 in patients with papular urticaria from two Colombian cities with different altitude Luis Miguel Henao, Juana Bustillo, Josefina Zakzuk, Luis Caraballo, Elizabeth García Simplificación del estudio alergológico en pacientes con sospecha de alergia a fármacos con riesgo bajo a moderado Diana Lucía Silva-Espinosa, Luis Fernando Ramírez-Zuluaga, Manuela Olaya-Hernández, Carlos Daniel Serrano-Reyes Síndrome DRESS por penicilina benzatínica. Primer reporte de caso en Latinoamérica Ana María Calle, Iris Castelblanco-Arango, Ricardo Cardona-Villa Síndrome de Frey como diagnóstico diferencial de alergia alimentaria July A. Ospina-Cantillo, Ruth Helena Ramírez-Giraldo, Iris Castelblanco-Arango, Ricardo Cardona Síndrome de Presentación de dos casos Liliana María Tamayo-Quijano, Lina María Aguirre-Hernández, Luz Marina Gómez-Vargas Superposición de reacciones graves por fármacos. Reporte de dos casos Diana Lucía Silva-Espinosa, Luis Fernando Ramírez-Zuluaga, Carlos Daniel Serrano-Reyes The efficiency of flavonols in the setting of experimentally induced allergic asthma Sona Fraková Tromboembolismo pulmonar como causa de exacerbaciones frecuentes en un paciente con asma de difícil control, aspergilosis broncopulmonar y uso de esteroides sistémicos Liliana M. Guevara-Saldaña, Libia Susana Díez-Zuluaga, Catalina Gómez-Henao, Ricardo Cardona Urticaria Reporte de un caso María Raigosa, Yuliana Toro, Jorge Sánchez Utilidad clínica del omalizumab en urticaria crónica inducible Ricardo Cardona Vitamina D y atopia en escolares pertenecientes a comunidades vulnerables de la ciudad de Barranquilla Luis Fang, Nicole Pereira-Sanandres, Fernando Rafael De la Cruz-López, Sofía Moreno-Woo, Nelly Lecompte, Lila Visbal, Gloria Garavito-De Egea, Eduardo Egea-Bermejo Inmunología Angioedema hereditario y lupus. Reporte de caso Catalina Gómez-Parada Características clínicas y de laboratorio en una cohorte de pacientes con ataxia telangiectasia en el Grupo de Inmunodeficiencias Primarias de la Universidad de Antioquía Lina Rocío Riaño, Jesús Armando Álvarez, Julio César Orrego, Dagoberto Cabrera, Carolina Gómez, Héctor Valderrama, Alexandra Sierra, Derly Carolina Hernández, José Luis Franco Cuantificación y análisis de citocinas proinflamatorias en pacientes con hallazgos coronariográficos de lesiones ateroscleróticas en la ciudad de Barranquilla, Colombia Franklin Torres, José Villarreal, Marcio de Ávila, Xavier Lastra, Edward Lozano, Martín Oviedo, Axel Tolstano Estudio de los polimorfismos de los antígenos leucocitarios humanos HLA y citocromos CYP en síndrome de Stevens-Johnson relacionado con fenitoína y carbamazepina en Colombia Nohemí Esther Santodomingo-Guerrero Estudio de una población barranquillera basada en los alelos DRB1 y DQB1 comparada con otras poblaciones suramericanas Carlos Hernando-Parga Evaluación de la adsorción de los alérgenos Blo t2 y Blo t3 y del proteoliposoma de Neisseria meningitidis al Al(OH)3 en formulaciones de una vacuna antialérgica adyuvada contra el ácaro Blomia tropicalis Yoskiel Laurencio-Lorca Exome sequencing reveals gain-of-function mutations in STAT1 conferring predisposition to chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and tuberculosis in six Colombian patients Marcela Moncada-Vélez, Lucía Victoria Erazo-Borrás, Jesús Armando Álvarez-lvarez, Carlos Andrés Arango, Miyuki Tsumura, Satoshi Okada, Sara Daniela Osorio, Lorena Castro, Natalia González, Catalina Arango, Julio César Orrego, Lina Riaño, Juan Fernando Alzate, Felipe Cabarcas, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Jacinta Bustamante, Anne Puel, Andrés Augusto Arias, José Luis Franco Experiencia de una clínica de inmunodeficiencias primarias en un centro de atención nivel IV en Cali, Colombia Manuela Olaya-Hernández, Jaime Patiño, Diego Medina, Harry Pachajoa, Viviana Lotero, Paola Pérez Expression and immunological characterization a heat shock cognate-70 protein allergen, rAed a8, from the mosquito species Aedes aegypti José Fernando Cantillo, Leonardo Puerta, Enrique Fernandez-Caldas, José Luis Subiza, Irene Soria, Sylvie Lafosse-Marin, Barbara Bohle Gemelos idénticos con enfermedad granulomatosa crónica que se manifestó inicialmente como colitis alérgica. Reporte de caso Carlos Olmos-Olmos Genetic analysis of the SERPING1 gene in hereditary angioedema patients in Neiva, Colombia Jairo Antonio Rodríguez, Carlos Fernando Narváez Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome in three siblings of non-consanguineous healthy Egyptian family. Case report Rehab Zaki Elmeazawy, Nabil Elesawy, Ahmad Abdelrazik, Osama Toema, Mohamed Hamza, Amany Bararkat Local adverse reaction rates decreased over time during treatment with recombinant human hyaluronidase- facilitated subcutaneous infusion of immunoglobulin G (fSCIG) in patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases in the fSCIG phase 3 studies Lina Laguado, Mark Stein, Richard L Wasserman, Isaac Melamed, Sudhir Gupta, Lisa Kobrynski, Arye Rubinstein, Christopher J Rabbat, Werner Engl, Barbara McCoy, Heinz Leibl, Leman Yel Long-term adverse events, efficacy, and tolerability of recombinant human hyaluronidase-facilitated subcutaneous infusion of immunoglobulin in patients aged < 18 years with primary immunodeficiency diseases Lina Laguado, Richard L. Wasserman, Isaac Melamed, Lisa Kobrynski, Sudhir Gupta, Werner Engl, Heinz Leibl, Leman Yel Manifestaciones alérgicas en inmunodeficiencias primarias, ¿cómo diferenciar dermatitis atópica versus síndrome hiper-IgE? Reporte de casos Carlos Olmos-Olmos Immune response to multi-epitope Blomia tropicalis hybrid protein in mice Dalgys Martínez, Brenda Flam, Helber Herazo, Inés Benedetti, Narasaiah Kolliputi, Luis Caraballo, Richard F. Lockey Leonardo Puerta Next generation sequencing identifies mutations in Colombian patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases Carlos Andrés Arango-Franco, Marcela Moncada-Vélez, Alexander Franco-Gallego, Lucía Victoria Erazo, Catalina Martínez, Sebastián Gutiérrez, Jesús Armando Álvarez, , Manuela Molina, Diana Arboleda, Laura Naranjo, Juan Álvaro-López, Juan Fernando Alzate, Felipe Cabarcas, Claudia Milena Trujillo- Vargas, Julio César Orrego, Satoshi Okada, Anne Puel, Jacinta Bustamante, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Andrés Augusto Arias, José Luis Franco Niña con infección recurrente y severa de virus Epstein-Barr CD27 negativo. Reporte de caso Ana Ivette Mondragón-Pineda Non-interventional post-marketing safety study on the long-term safety of HyQvia (global) Lina Laguado, Katharina Fielhauer, Andras Nagy,2 Christopher J. Rabbat, Barbara McCoy, Heinz Leibl, Leman Yel Novel mutations in NCF4 gene confer non-classic chronic granulomatous disease with disseminated histoplasmosis in a Colombian child Carlos Andrés Arango-Franco, Alejandro Nieto-Patlán, Marcela Moncada-Vélez, Jesús Armando Álvarez, Carmen Oleaga-Quinta, Caroline Deswarte, Juan Fernando Alzate, Felipe Cabarcas, Carlos Garcés, Julio César Orrego, Susana Pamela Mejía, Luz Elena Cano, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Jacinta Bustamante, José Luis Franco, Andrés Augusto Arias Registro y caracterización de pacientes con inmunodeficiencia primaria en un centro ambulatorio de alergología e inmunología en Bogotá Catalina Gómez-Parada Relación entre la expresión del alelo HLA DRB1*08:02 y reacciones de hipersensibilidad al medicamento bucilamina en poblaciones amerindias colombianas Carlos Hernando Parga-Lozano Relación filogenética de alelos HLA con presencia de alergias en poblaciones amerindias Carlos Hernando Parga-Lozano, Nohemí Santodomingo Guerrero Reporte epidemiológico de inmunodeficiencias primarias en el Centro Jeffrey Modell de Colombia: 1987-2017 Lina Rocío Riaño-Cardozo, Natalia Correa-Vargas, Alejandro Gallón-Duque, Julio César-Orrego, José Luis Franco Respuesta IgE a extracto de Blomia tropicalis y Ascaris spp. en población proveniente de San Basilio de Palenque Andrés Merlano, Luis Fang, Beatriz Martínez, Catherine Meza, Luz Hernández, Eloína Zárate, Javier Marrugo Secuenciación completa del exoma como herramienta para el diagnóstico molecular de la enfermedad granulomatosa crónica Manuela Molina, Diana Marcela Arboleda, Marcela Moncada, Gabriel Vélez, Juan Fernando Alzate, Felipe Cabarcas, José Luis Franco, Andrés Augusto Arias-Sierra, Juan Álvaro-López The sigma-and omega-class members of the glutathione-S-transferase family from ascaris are IgE binding components with marked differences in the IgG1 and IgG4 response Ana Milena Lozano-Mendoza, Juana Bustillo, Juan López, Luis Caraballo, Josefina Zakzuk

AbstractAlthough chromosomes of only 20 members of Pteromalidae sensu lato (s.l.), which belong to the families Pteromalidae sensu stricto (hence Pteromalidae) and Spalangiidae, are studied up to now, the accumulated cytogenetic information has important implications for taxonomic and evolutionary studies of these parasitoids. Within the former family, which includes the overwhelming majority of karyotypically studied species of Pteromalidae s.l., the known haploid chromosome number (n) can vary from 4 to 7 in Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae (Rondani) and Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard), respectively, with a clear mode at n = 5. Among these parasitoids, Nasonia vitripennis (Walker) is the most thoroughly studied species in terms of modern cytogenetic techniques. On the contrary, chromosomes of only two members of Spalangiidae are known, both belonging to the Spalangia endius Walker complex, with n = 4 and 6. A few cosmopolitan cryptic species of the family Pteromalidae were studied using cytogenetic approaches. Specifically, Anisopteromalus quinarius Gokhman et Baur, a newly described parasitoid of stored‐product pests with n = 5, was initially separated from A. calandrae based on its different chromosome number. Another pteromalid with a similar biology, Lariophagus distinguendus (Förster), was also found to harbor two cryptic species with n = 5 and 6. Moreover, a morphometric study of these karyotypes suggested that the largest chromosome in the set with n = 5 has resulted from a fusion of two particular chromosomes in the karyotype with n = 6, and this hypothesis was confirmed using microdissection and whole‐chromosome painting. Recent cytogenetic and bioinformatic research also showed that N. vitripennis, Nasonia longicornis Darling, Nasonia giraulti Darling, Nasonia oneida Raychouhury et Desjardins, Muscidifurax uniraptor Kogan et Legner, and Trichomalopsis sarcophagae (Gahan) (all Pteromalidae) share the TTATTGGG telomeric motif with most other Chalcidoidea. Perspectives of the chromosome study of Pteromalidae s.l. are briefly discussed.