Zeitschriftenartikel: „GeoGIS“

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Graettinger, Andrew J., Zachary T. Ryals und Randy K. Smith. „A Web-Based Geotechnical GIS“. ISRN Civil Engineering 2011 (05.10.2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/372126.

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A web-based Geotechnical Geographic Information System (GeoGIS) was developed and tested for the Alabama Department of Transportation. This web-based system stores geotechnical information about transportation projects, such as subsurface data, construction drawings, and design information. Typically, this information is in a report or plan sheet format, but raw geotechnical data can also be accommodated in the GeoGIS. The goal of this system is to provide easy access and storage for all geotechnical and subsurface structural information from across a state. Access through a secure web interface allows for keyword searches and interactive map selection. The web-based GeoGIS has four geotechnical layers (project, bridge, foundation, and soil boring) that can be displayed on a road map, aerial photos, or USGS 7.5 minute quadrangles. For testing purposes the GeoGIS was populated with multiple document types, formats, and sizes. In all cases, the system performed above expectations.

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Ozerbıl, Tuncer, Ergun Gokten, Mustafa Onder, Osman Selcuk, Nilhan Ciftci Sarılar, Ayhan Tekgul, Erdal Yılmaz und Alpaslan Tutuneken. „Oblique Aerial Image Acquisition, 3D City Modeling, 3D City Guide Project for Konya Metropolitan Municipality“. International Journal of 3-D Information Modeling 4, Nr. 2 (April 2015): 34–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ij3dim.2015040103.

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Usage of aerial oblique cameras and oblique images in generation of 3D city models has become popular all over the world in recent years and various solutions has been developed involving specialized methods and softwares. The first comprehensive step in this field was taken by Konya Metropolitan Municipality in Turkey in 2012 and the project undertaken by GEOGIS has been successfully completed in February 2014. It is the first time in Turkey that 3D city model of this large scale has been generated. The project involves: Aerial image acquisition of the project area with vertical and oblique cameras respectively and photogrammetric triangulation; Development of OttoPenta software, which can display oblique images in pentaview screen, make spatial queries and also can measure the horizontal, vertical distance and area; Digitization of roof and roof structures from vertical stereo images using photogrammetric interpretation techniques and generation of 3D solid building models using this data; Assigning building ID numbers to solid models to integrate with the GIS data of the Municipality that is available in Oracle Spatial database; Automatic texturing of 3D models with oblique images; Exporting of textured 3D models into Oracle Spatial Database in CityGML format, complying the OGC standards; and development of KNVCity software, to create and publish the 3D city guide on WEB and mobile devices. The goal of this paper is sharing the experience and knowledge that was gained during the 3D City modeling and 3D city guide project which was performed for the first time in Turkey.

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PROUST, DOMINIQUE, und CLAUDE FONTAINE. „Amethyst geodes in the basaltic flow from Triz quarry at Ametista do Sul (Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil): magmatic source of silica for the amethyst crystallizations“. Geological Magazine 144, Nr. 4 (20.04.2007): 731–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756807003457.

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The amethyst geodes observed in the tholeiitic basaltic flow from the Triz quarry at Ametista do Sul (Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) show particular wall-layering infillings with, from the outside inwards, celadonite, chalcedony, fine-grained quartz and large-sized amethyst crystals. The primary fluid inclusions analysed in the amethyst crystals yield a 152 to 238 °C crystallization temperature range. The amethyst geodes are always located in the massive, fracture-free, basaltic part of the lava flows and surrounded by a limited wall-lining alteration halo, the thickness of which depends on the geode radius. The geochemical balances calculated from fresh to altered basalt in the geode environment indicate that the amount of SiO2 released from the alteration halo is always sufficient to produce the siliceous rims in the geodes without requirement for extraneous silica supply. The results point to a volcanic origin for the amethyst geode infillings through basalt ‘autoalteration’ by authigenic high temperature hydrothermal fluids. These fluids can originate from (1) unmixing of volatile coumpounds from melt through pressure release, (2) cooling to supercritical hydrous fluids with ‘autoalteration’ of the surrounding basalt and (3) migration of the residual hot fluids from the basalt to the geodic cavities through the pressure gradient between the geodic cavity and the rock.

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PROUST, DOMINIQUE, und CLAUDE FONTAINE. „Amethyst-bearing lava flows in the Paraná Basin (Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil): cooling, vesiculation and formation of the geodic cavities“. Geological Magazine 144, Nr. 1 (19.10.2006): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001675680600269x.

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Size distribution data obtained from detailed field study of bubbles and amethyst-geodes in the basaltic lava flows of the Serra Geral Formation (Ametista do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) are used in cooling and vesiculation models to infer the origin and the formation processes of the geodic cavities. Coupled field observations and modelling results emphasize that (1) the formation of geodes in the studied lava flow can be explained, qualitatively and quantitatively, by the exsolution of magmatic gas from the supersaturated melt with no need for external surface water supply; (2) the vertically elongated habits of the geodes result from higher cooling rate of the magma in contact with the accumulating bubbles; and (3) the abnormal metre-sized geodes with their branching habits result not only from the diffusive/decompressive bubble growth but also from the coalescence of inwards-progressing tubular cavities.

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Capon, Robert J., Colin Skene, Ernest Lacey, Jennifer H. Gill, David Wadsworth und Thomas Friedel. „Geodin A Magnesium Salt: A Novel Nematocide from a Southern Australian Marine Sponge,Geodia“. Journal of Natural Products 62, Nr. 9 (September 1999): 1256–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np990144v.

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Cao, J., Y. Li, T. Jiang und G. Hu. „Sulfur-containing particles emitted by concealed sulfide ore deposits: an unknown source of sulfur-containing particles in the atmosphere“. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 14, Nr. 21 (17.11.2014): 28299–331. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-28299-2014.

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Abstract. Sources of sulfur dioxide, sulfates, and organic sulfur compounds, such as fossil fuels, volcanic eruptions, and animal feeding operations, have attracted considerable attention. In this study, we collected particles carried by geogas flows ascending through soil, geogas flows above the soil that had passed through the soil, and geogas flows ascending through deep faults of concealed sulfide ore deposits and analyzed them using transmission electron microscopy. Numerous crystalline and amorphous sulfur-containing particles or particle aggregations were found in the ascending geogas flows. In addition to S, the particles contained O, Ca, K, Mg, Fe, Na, Pb, Hg, Cu, Zn, As, Ti, Sr, Ba, Si, etc. Such particles are usually a few to several hundred nanometers in diameter with either regular or irregular morphology. The sulfur-containing particles originated from deep-seated weathering or faulting products of concealed sulfide ore deposits. The particles suspended in the ascending geogas flow migrated through faults from deep-seated sources to the atmosphere. This is a previously unknown source of the atmospheric particles. This paper reports, for the first time, the emission of sulfur-containing particles into the atmosphere from concealed sulfide ore deposits. The climatic and ecological influences of these sulfur-containing particles and particle aggregations should to be assessed.

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Cao, J. J., Y. K. Li, T. Jiang und G. Hu. „Sulfur-containing particles emitted by concealed sulfide ore deposits: an unknown source of sulfur-containing particles in the atmosphere“. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, Nr. 12 (26.06.2015): 6959–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-6959-2015.

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Abstract. Sources of sulfur dioxide, sulfates, and organic sulfur compounds, such as fossil fuels, volcanic eruptions, and animal feeding operations, have attracted considerable attention. In this study, we collected particles carried by geogas flows ascending through soil, geogas flows above the soil that had passed through the soil, and geogas flows ascending through deep faults of concealed sulfide ore deposits, and analysed them using transmission electron microscopy. Numerous crystalline and amorphous sulfur-containing particles or particle aggregations were found in the ascending geogas flows. In addition to S, the particles contained O, Ca, K, Mg, Fe, Na, Pb, Hg, Cu, Zn, As, Ti, Sr, Ba, Si, etc. Such particles are usually a few to several hundred nanometres in diameter with either regular or irregular morphology. The sulfur-containing particles originated from deep-seated weathering or faulting products of concealed sulfide ore deposits. The particles suspended in the ascending geogas flow migrated through faults from deep-seated sources to the atmosphere. This is a previously unknown source of the atmospheric particles. This paper reports, for the first time, the emission of sulfur-containing particles into the atmosphere from concealed sulfide ore deposits. The climatic and ecological influences of these sulfur-containing particles and particle aggregations should be assessed.

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Смирнов, І. Г. „Портрет глобальної логістичної компанії Geodis (Франція)“. Зовнішня торгівля: право та економіка, Nr. 2 (2006): 5–16.

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9

Etiope, G., und S. Lombardi. „Laboratory simulation of geogas microbubble flow“. Environmental Geology 27, Nr. 3 (April 1996): 226–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00770436.

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Etiope, G., und S. Lombardi. „Laboratory simulation of geogas microbubble flow“. Environmental Geology 27, Nr. 3 (01.04.1996): 226–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002540050055.

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Agemar, Thorsten, Katja Tribbensee, Sascha Görne und Karsten Obst. „3D-Modell geothermischer Nutzhorizonte Nordostdeutschlands in GeotIS“. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften 169, Nr. 3 (31.10.2018): 343–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/zdgg/2018/0127.

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Agemar, Thorsten, Jessica-Aileen Alten, Britta Ganz, Jörg Kuder, Klaus Kühne, Sandra Schumacher und Rüdiger Schulz. „The Geothermal Information System for Germany – GeotIS“. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften 165, Nr. 2 (01.06.2014): 129–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/1860-1804/2014/0060.

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Diehl-Seifert, B., B. Kurelec, R. K. Zahn, A. Dorn, B. Jericevic, G. Uhlenbruck und W. E. Muller. „Attachment of sponge cells to collagen substrata: effect of a collagen assembly factor“. Journal of Cell Science 79, Nr. 1 (01.11.1985): 271–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.79.1.271.

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Collagen, isolated from the sponge Geodia cydonium in the absence of denaturing agents, had the typical amino acid composition and was associated with the carbohydrates galactose and glucose. The resulting individual fibrils with a diameter of 23 nm, displayed a 19.5 nm periodicity with one intraperiod band. A collagen assembly factor (CAF) was identified in and partially purified from the extracellular space. The CAF reacted with antibodies against intact Geodia cells but not with antibodies against Geodia lectin and Geodia aggregation factor. In the presence of the CAF, the collagen fibrils reconstituted collagen bundles in an ordered sequence of events, which were followed by electron-microscopical and biochemical methods. Bundle formation was not dependent on the presence of the homologous lectin, glycoconjugates or aggregation factor. Homologous cells (Geodia archaeocytes) were determined to attach only to those Geodia collagen substrates that contained CAF. The attachment of these cells did not require fibronectin or Geodia lectin. Homologous glycoconjugates or NaOH-treated collagen inhibited cell attachment. Collagen from the sponge Chondrosia reniformis, even in the presence of Geodia CAF, was no appropriate substrate for Geodia cell attachment. Whether collagen is a component of cell-matrix interactions in sponge systems also in vivo is discussed.

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Kucharczyk, Maja, Geoffrey J. Hay, Salar Ghaffarian und Chris H. Hugenholtz. „Geographic Object-Based Image Analysis: A Primer and Future Directions“. Remote Sensing 12, Nr. 12 (23.06.2020): 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12122012.

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Geographic object-based image analysis (GEOBIA) is a remote sensing image analysis paradigm that defines and examines image-objects: groups of neighboring pixels that represent real-world geographic objects. Recent reviews have examined methodological considerations and highlighted how GEOBIA improves upon the 30+ year pixel-based approach, particularly for H-resolution imagery. However, the literature also exposes an opportunity to improve guidance on the application of GEOBIA for novice practitioners. In this paper, we describe the theoretical foundations of GEOBIA and provide a comprehensive overview of the methodological workflow, including: (i) software-specific approaches (open-source and commercial); (ii) best practices informed by research; and (iii) the current status of methodological research. Building on this foundation, we then review recent research on the convergence of GEOBIA with deep convolutional neural networks, which we suggest is a new form of GEOBIA. Specifically, we discuss general integrative approaches and offer recommendations for future research. Overall, this paper describes the past, present, and anticipated future of GEOBIA in a novice-accessible format, while providing innovation and depth to experienced practitioners.

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Rønnest, Mads H., Morten T. Nielsen, Blanka Leber, Uffe H. Mortensen, Alwin Krämer, Mads H. Clausen, Thomas O. Larsen und Pernille Harris. „(+)-Geodin fromAspergillus terreus“. Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 67, Nr. 3 (23.02.2011): o125—o128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270111005816.

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Withers, Charles W. J. „GeObits 2009—2010“. Progress in Human Geography 34, Nr. 6 (Dezember 2010): 847–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309132510388365.

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Bedel, Olivier, Sébastien Ferré, Olivier Ridoux und Erwan Quesseveur. „GEOLIS: a logical information system for geographical data“. Revue internationale de géomatique 17, Nr. 3-4 (30.12.2007): 371–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/geo.17.371-390.

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Malmqvist, L., K. Kristiansson und P. Kristiansson. „Geogas prospecting – an ideal industrial application of PIXE“. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 150, Nr. 1-4 (April 1999): 484–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-583x(98)01044-1.

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Wang, Ming-qi, Yu-yan Gao und Ying-han Liu. „Progress in the collection of Geogas in China“. Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis 8, Nr. 2 (23.04.2008): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/1467-7873/07-138.

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Müller, Thomas. „GeoViS—Relativistic ray tracing in four-dimensional spacetimes“. Computer Physics Communications 185, Nr. 8 (August 2014): 2301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2014.04.013.

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Smith, Jeffrey R. „Geodes and Geodes after Fossils from Heltonville Lawrence County Indiana“. Rocks & Minerals 82, Nr. 3 (Januar 2007): 200–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/rmin.82.3.200-209.

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ALMEIDA, DANILO S., JOANA SANDES, CARMEN R. P. GUIMARÃES und GUILHERME MURICY. „Taxonomy of Geodia and Rhabdastrella from the Brazilian coast: a new species, new synonyms and redescription of Geodia tylastra (Demospongiae: Astrophorina: Geodiidae and Ancorinidae)“. Zootaxa 4995, Nr. 2 (30.06.2021): 281–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4995.2.4.

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In this contribution we revise the type specimens of Geodia tylastra, Rhabdastrella fibrosa and Geodia corticostylifera, adding new photographs of preserved specimens, skeleton sections, and scanning electron micrographs of the spicules. We demonstrate that the three species are synonyms, with priority to the older name G. tylastra Boury-Esnault, 1973. We also show that Rhabdastrella fibrosa sensu Van Soest (2017) differs from the holotype in spicule composition and is here given a new name, Rhabdastrella vansoesti sp. nov. In addition, we describe a new species of Geodia, G. polytriaena sp. nov., and new records of G. glariosa and G. tylastra from Sergipe State, in the Northeast Brazilian coast. With the description of Geodia polytriaena sp. nov. and the synonymyzation of G. corticostylifera, 20 species of Geodia are now known in the Tropical Western Atlantic Ocean.

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Lehnert, Helmut, Robert P. Stone und David Drumm. „Geodia starki sp. nov. (Porifera, Demospongiae, Astrophorida) from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska, USA“. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 94, Nr. 2 (07.08.2013): 261–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002531541300101x.

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A new species of Geodia is described from the North Pacific, collected in the summer of 2012 in the western Aleutian Islands. Geodia starki sp. nov. differs from all known species of Geodia by the possession of two categories of sterrasters and exceptionally large megascleres. The new species is compared with congeners of the North Pacific Ocean, Bering Sea, Arctic and the North Atlantic Oceans.

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Velasco, F., und S. P. Verma. „Aplicación del sistema GEOBAS al análisis estadístico de Elementos de las Tierras Raras en Muestras Internacionales de Referencia Geoquímica“. Geofísica Internacional 32, Nr. 2 (01.04.1993): 209–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/igeof.00167169p.1993.32.2.556.

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Se presenta brevemente el avance en la construcción del sistema de compilación y análisis estadístico GEOBAS para muestras internacionales de Referencia Geoquímica. GEOBAS está siendo elaborado en el sistema dBASE IV para PC y es aplicado al análisis estadístico de los Elementos de las Tierras Raras. El sistema GEOBAS es aplicado como ejemplo, a cinco muestras del U. S. Geological Survey: basaltos BCR-1, BHVO-1 y BIR-1, cuarzo-latita QLO-1 y lutita SCo-1. Los resultados de media que genera el sistema GEOBAS son en general comparables a los que reporta la literatura, con diferencias menores al 10%. Cuando la cantidad de datos compilados de un elemento es muy baja (<10), las diferencias entre las medias que reporta la literatura y las generadas por GEOBAS pueden alcanzar hasta un 19%. En estos casos, se recomienda el uso de la mediana como estimador de tendencia central más confiable que la media.

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Bram, Georges, und Jean Jacques. „Geoges Urbain(1872–1938) et l'unification des théories chimiques“. Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series IIB - Mechanics-Physics-Chemistry-Astronomy 325, Nr. 1 (Juli 1997): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1251-8069(97)83260-5.

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Abd Rahim, Muhamad Hafiz, Hanan Hasan, Elicia Jitming Lim, Phebe K. Samrani und Ali Abbas. „Pretreatment Strategies to Improve Crude Glycerol Utilisation and Metabolite Production by Aspergillus terreus“. International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019 (01.04.2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2504540.

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Crude glycerol (CG) can be used as a substrate for microbial bioconversion. However, due to presence of many impurities, many microorganisms are unable to utilise this substrate efficiently. The present study is trying to improve CG using as the feedstock of Aspergillus terreus for the production of lovastatin, (+)-geodin, and sulochrin. The CG was pretreated chemically (solvents) and physically (activated carbon (AC) and water softener (WS)) to separate most of the impurities from the CG. For solvent pretreatments, petroleum ether (PE) produced the largest increase of lovastatin (92.8%) when compared to positive control and pure glycerol (PG) and up to 820% when compared to negative control (CG). In contrast, diethyl ether (DE) produced the largest increase in (+)-geodin at 80.81% (versus CG) and 176.23% (versus PG). The largest increase in toluene (Tol) was observed in sulochrin production, at 67.22% (versus CG) and 183.85% (versus PG). For physical pretreatments, the pattern of metabolite production in AC (lovastatin: 20.65 mg/L, (+)-geodin: 7.42 mg/L, sulochrin: 11.74 mg/L) resembled PG (lovastatin: 21.8 mg/L, (+)-geodin: 8.60 mg/L, sulochrin: 8.18 mg/L), while WS (lovastatin: 11.25 mg/L, (+)-geodin: 15.38 mg/L, sulochrin: 16.85 mg/L) resembled CG (lovastatin: 7.1 mg/L, (+)-geodin: 17.10 mg/L, sulochrin: 14.78 mg/L) at day 6 of fermentation. These results indicate that solvent pretreatments on CG are excellent for metabolites production in A. terreus, depending on the solvents used. In contrast, physical pretreatments are only feasible for (+)-geodin and sulochrin production. Therefore, different strategies can be employed to manipulate the A. terreus bioconversion using improved CG by using a few simple pretreatment strategies.

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Bancroft, Laura W., Jeffrey J. Peterson und Mark J. Kransdorf. „Cysts, geodes, and erosions“. Radiologic Clinics of North America 42, Nr. 1 (Januar 2004): 73–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0033-8389(03)00165-9.

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Peng, M., L. J. Pietrafesa, S. Bao, H. Liu, M. Xia und T. Yan. „LIDAR vs. GEODAS land elevation data in hurricane induced inundation modelling“. Ocean Science Discussions 4, Nr. 2 (26.04.2007): 399–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-4-399-2007.

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Abstract. LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) and GEODAS (GEOphysical DAta System) are respectively taken as the land elevation data for a 3-D storm surge and inundation model to investigate the subsequent inundation differences. Hilton Head, South Carolina, and Croatan-Albemarle-Pamlico Estuary System (CAPES), North Carolina, are the two investigated regions. Significant inundation differences with LIDAR versus GEODAS are found in both regions. The modeled inundation area with GEODAS is larger than with LIDAR. For Category 2–3 hypothetical hurricanes, the maximum inundation difference in Hilton Head region is 67%, while the difference in the CAPES is 156%. Generally, vertical precision difference of the two databases is the major reason for the inundation difference. Recently constructed man-made structures, not included in the GEODAS, but included in the LIDAR data sets may be another contributing reason.

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Bianchetti, Raechel A. „A COGNITIVE APPROACH TO TEACHING A GRADUATE-LEVEL GEOBIA COURSE“. ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences III-6 (06.06.2016): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-iii-6-3-2016.

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Remote sensing image analysis training occurs both in the classroom and the research lab. Education in the classroom for traditional pixel-based image analysis has been standardized across college curriculums. However, with the increasing interest in Geographic Object-Based Image Analysis (GEOBIA), there is a need to develop classroom instruction for this method of image analysis. While traditional remote sensing courses emphasize the expansion of skills and knowledge related to the use of computer-based analysis, GEOBIA courses should examine the cognitive factors underlying visual interpretation. This current paper provides an initial analysis of the development, implementation, and outcomes of a GEOBIA course that considers not only the computational methods of GEOBIA, but also the cognitive factors of expertise, that such software attempts to replicate. Finally, a reflection on the first instantiation of this course is presented, in addition to plans for development of an open-source repository for course materials.

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Bianchetti, Raechel A. „A COGNITIVE APPROACH TO TEACHING A GRADUATE-LEVEL GEOBIA COURSE“. ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences III-6 (06.06.2016): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iii-6-3-2016.

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Remote sensing image analysis training occurs both in the classroom and the research lab. Education in the classroom for traditional pixel-based image analysis has been standardized across college curriculums. However, with the increasing interest in Geographic Object-Based Image Analysis (GEOBIA), there is a need to develop classroom instruction for this method of image analysis. While traditional remote sensing courses emphasize the expansion of skills and knowledge related to the use of computer-based analysis, GEOBIA courses should examine the cognitive factors underlying visual interpretation. This current paper provides an initial analysis of the development, implementation, and outcomes of a GEOBIA course that considers not only the computational methods of GEOBIA, but also the cognitive factors of expertise, that such software attempts to replicate. Finally, a reflection on the first instantiation of this course is presented, in addition to plans for development of an open-source repository for course materials.

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Johnson, Brian Alan, und Lei Ma. „Image Segmentation and Object-Based Image Analysis for Environmental Monitoring: Recent Areas of Interest, Researchers’ Views on the Future Priorities“. Remote Sensing 12, Nr. 11 (01.06.2020): 1772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12111772.

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Image segmentation and geographic object-based image analysis (GEOBIA) were proposed around the turn of the century as a means to analyze high-spatial-resolution remote sensing images. Since then, object-based approaches have been used to analyze a wide range of images for numerous applications. In this Editorial, we present some highlights of image segmentation and GEOBIA research from the last two years (2018–2019), including a Special Issue published in the journal Remote Sensing. As a final contribution of this special issue, we have shared the views of 45 other researchers (corresponding authors of published papers on GEOBIA in 2018–2019) on the current state and future priorities of this field, gathered through an online survey. Most researchers surveyed acknowledged that image segmentation/GEOBIA approaches have achieved a high level of maturity, although the need for more free user-friendly software and tools, further automation, better integration with new machine-learning approaches (including deep learning), and more suitable accuracy assessment methods was frequently pointed out.

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Noardo, F., C. Ellul, L. Harrie, E. Devys, K. Arroyo Ohori, P. Olsson und J. Stoter. „EUROSDR GEOBIM PROJECT A STUDY IN EUROPE ON HOW TO USE THE POTENTIALS OF BIM AND GEO DATA IN PRACTICE“. ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W15 (23.09.2019): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w15-53-2019.

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Abstract. In both the Geo and BIM domains, it is widely acknowledged that the integration of geo-data and BIM-data is beneficial and a crucial step in facing the multi-disciplinary challenges of our built environment. The result of this integration – broadly termed as GeoBIM – has a range of potential uses from district study to road safety. However, from the data perspective, this integration raises the question of how to integrate very detailed design and construction data from the BIM domain with contextual geospatial data (both 2D and 3D) that model a very diverse range of aspects of the wider built and natural environment.This paper reports work carried out during the second phase of the EuroSDR GeoBIM project, which sets out to understand the general status of GeoBIM across Europe with particular focus from a National Mapping and Cadastral Agency perspective. The first phase of the project reviewed the current status of GeoBIM in participating countries and identified the need for specific detailed use cases to overcome both the lack of awareness and the lack of understanding of the potential of GeoBIM. We present both an update on the current status of GeoBIM, and additional details of one of the selected use cases relating to planning/development permits. For the latter, we have been able to develop a detailed workflow highlighting specific data exchange points within the process to issue a development permit, allowing a more in-depth identification of both the roles and data needs at each stage.

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Nussbaum, Madlene, Lorenz Walthert, Marielle Fraefel, Lucie Greiner und Andreas Papritz. „Mapping of soil properties at high resolution in Switzerland using boosted geoadditive models“. SOIL 3, Nr. 4 (16.11.2017): 191–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/soil-3-191-2017.

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Abstract. High-resolution maps of soil properties are a prerequisite for assessing soil threats and soil functions and for fostering the sustainable use of soil resources. For many regions in the world, accurate maps of soil properties are missing, but often sparsely sampled (legacy) soil data are available. Soil property data (response) can then be related by digital soil mapping (DSM) to spatially exhaustive environmental data that describe soil-forming factors (covariates) to create spatially continuous maps. With airborne and space-borne remote sensing and multi-scale terrain analysis, large sets of covariates have become common. Building parsimonious models amenable to pedological interpretation is then a challenging task. We propose a new boosted geoadditive modelling framework (geoGAM) for DSM. The geoGAM models smooth non-linear relations between responses and single covariates and combines these model terms additively. Residual spatial autocorrelation is captured by a smooth function of spatial coordinates, and non-stationary effects are included through interactions between covariates and smooth spatial functions. The core of fully automated model building for geoGAM is component-wise gradient boosting. We illustrate the application of the geoGAM framework by using soil data from the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland. We modelled effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC) in forest topsoils as a continuous response. For agricultural land we predicted the presence of waterlogged horizons in given soil depths as binary and drainage classes as ordinal responses. For the latter we used proportional odds geoGAM, taking the ordering of the response properly into account. Fitted geoGAM contained only a few covariates (7 to 17) selected from large sets (333 covariates for forests, 498 for agricultural land). Model sparsity allowed for covariate interpretation through partial effects plots. Prediction intervals were computed by model-based bootstrapping for ECEC. The predictive performance of the fitted geoGAM, tested with independent validation data and specific skill scores for continuous, binary and ordinal responses, compared well with other studies that modelled similar soil properties. Skill score (SS) values of 0.23 to 0.53 (with SS = 1 for perfect predictions and SS = 0 for zero explained variance) were achieved depending on the response and type of score. GeoGAM combines efficient model building from large sets of covariates with effects that are easy to interpret and therefore likely raises the acceptance of DSM products by end-users.

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Лопачева М.К. „"Blue river..."(Images of Nature in Geogij Ivanov's Late Lyrics)“. Russian Language and Literature ll, Nr. 28 (Juni 2008): 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24066/russia.2008..28.003.

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Yuan, Lu Lu, Ming Qi Wang und Jia Le Hu. „Study of Au Prospecting by Geogas in Sunite Gold Deposit“. Advanced Materials Research 962-965 (Juni 2014): 646–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.962-965.646.

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Geogas geochemistry method is a way to predict concealed ores by collecting and testing metallogenic elements and associated elements in rising underground gases, which is very promising for broad applications. Due to the unawareness of the source of abnormal materials, the validity of the method is consistently under suspicion. By purifying the collector, controlling operating environment, improving the sampling device and sampling methods, the contents of interference elements are greatly reduced in this paper. Through the analyses of captured samples, obtaining of the geochemical characteristics of elements, areas for detailed investigation can be delineated. This study proves the validity of this method and provides basis for further prospecting.

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Osna, Turgay, Ebru Akcapinar Sezer und Aykut Akgun. „GeoFIS: An integrated tool for the assessment of landslide susceptibility“. Computers & Geosciences 66 (Mai 2014): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2013.12.016.

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Gu, H. Y., H. T. Li, L. Yan und X. J. Lu. „A Framework for Geographic Object-Based Image Analysis (GEOBIA) based on geographic ontology“. ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-7/W4 (26.06.2015): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-7-w4-27-2015.

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GEOBIA (Geographic Object-Based Image Analysis) is not only a hot topic of current remote sensing and geographical research. It is believed to be a paradigm in remote sensing and GIScience. The lack of a systematic approach designed to conceptualize and formalize the class definitions makes GEOBIA a highly subjective and difficult method to reproduce. This paper aims to put forward a framework for GEOBIA based on geographic ontology theory, which could implement "Geographic entities - Image objects - Geographic objects" true reappearance. It consists of three steps, first, geographical entities are described by geographic ontology, second, semantic network model is built based on OWL(ontology web language), at last, geographical objects are classified with decision rule or other classifiers. A case study of farmland ontology was conducted for describing the framework. The strength of this framework is that it provides interpretation strategies and global framework for GEOBIA with the property of objective, overall, universal, universality, etc., which avoids inconsistencies caused by different experts’ experience and provides an objective model for mage analysis.

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Josselin, Didier, und Romain Louvet. „Impact of the Scale on Several Metrics Used in Geographical Object-Based Image Analysis: Does GEOBIA Mitigate the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem (MAUP)?“ ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, Nr. 3 (22.03.2019): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8030156.

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Using two GEOBIA (Geographical Object Based Image Analysis) algorithms on a set of segmented images compared to grid partitioning at different scales, we show that statistical metrics related to both objects and sets of pixels are (more or less) subject to the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem. Subsequently, even in a same spatial partition, there may be a bias in statistics describing the objects due to some size effect of the pixel samples. For instance, pixels homogeneity based on Grey Level Cooccurrence Matrices (GLCM), Landscape Shape Index, entropy, object compacity, perimeter/area ratio are studied according to scale. The approach consists in studying the behavior of a given statistical metrics through scales and to compare the results on several image segmentations, according to different partitioning processes, from GEOBIA (Baatz & Schäpe algorithm and Self Organizing Maps) or using reference grids. We finally discuss about the relationship between GEOBIA metrics and scale. By analysing object shape and pixels composition from different metrics points of views, we show that GEOBIA does not always mitigate the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem.

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Noardo, F., F. Biljecki, G. Agugiaro, K. Arroyo Ohori, C. Ellul, L. Harrie und J. Stoter. „GEOBIM BENCHMARK 2019: INTERMEDIATE RESULTS“. ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W15 (23.09.2019): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w15-47-2019.

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Abstract. An investigation into the implementation state of open standards in software is currently ongoing through the ISPRS/EuroSDR ‘GeoBIM benchmark 2019’ initiative, which kicked off earlier this year. The benchmark activity provides a way of assessing and comparing the functionality of different software packages in GIS and BIM in terms of their ability to handle standardised data (IFC and CityGML) and undertake various tasks using this data. Approximately 65 people have registered to participate so far, with participants from a wide range of backgrounds and proposing to test a variety of software packages. This confirms that the issues under investigation are of interest, and also meets the wider benchmark aim of having a variety of participants, since the project is conceived as using a bottom-up approach with cross-disciplinary and cross-expertise participation. While full benchmark results are not due to be submitted until later this year, interim results have highlighted a number of common issues across multiple software packages, and a web meeting for participants held in July 2019 also led to some improvements in how the benchmark results are being captured.

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Giancola, Concetta, Elio Pizzo, Antimo Di Maro, Maria Vittoria Cubellis und Giuseppe D'Alessio. „Preparation and characterization of geodin.“ FEBS Journal 272, Nr. 4 (Februar 2005): 1023–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-4658.2004.04536.x.

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Guérin, Claude. „Geobios, 26-4 - Analyse d'ouvrage“. Geobios 26, Nr. 4 (1993): 514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-6995(06)80233-0.

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Brooke, Jen, und Amy Edgington. „The wheels on the GeoBus“. Nature Reviews Earth & Environment 1, Nr. 2 (Februar 2020): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43017-019-0018-1.

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Tsantrizos, Youla S., Sotiria Pischos, Françoise Sauriol und Paul Widden. „Peptaibol metabolites of Tolypocladium geodes“. Canadian Journal of Chemistry 74, Nr. 2 (01.02.1996): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v96-020.

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Three antibiotic peptides, LP237-F8 (1), F5 (2), and F7 (3), were isolated from the liquid culture of the fungus Tolypocladium geodes. Chemical shift assignments of the 1H and 13C NMR resonances and sequencing of these metabolites were achieved by extensive high-field 2D NMR spectroscopy. The N-terminal of peptides 1 and 2 is protected with an octanoyl (Oc) fatty acid unit, whereas that of peptide 3 is protected with a decanoyl (Dec) unit. The C-terminal of all three peptides is protected with the amino alcohol leucinol (Lol). All three metabolites contain the common amino acids Ala, Phe or Tyr, Pro, and Gln, as well as the unusual amino acid α-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib). In addition, peptides 1 and 2 contain the amino acid α-amino-α-ethyl-n-pentanoic acid (α-ethylnorvaline, EtNor), which has not been previously reported as a constituent of a natural product. Metabolites 1, 2, and 3 are new members of the class of natural products known as peptaibols. Key words: Tolypocladium geodes, peptaibols, leucinol, α-amino-α-ethyl-n-pentanoic acid.

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Ellul, C., F. Noardo, L. Harrie und J. Stoter. „THE EUROSDR GEOBIM PROJECT – DEVELOPING CASE STUDIES FOR THE USE OF GEOBIM IN PRACTICE“. ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIV-4/W1-2020 (03.09.2020): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliv-4-w1-2020-33-2020.

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Abstract. Although the use of location-based data (location coupled with semantic information) within Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and from Earth Observation (e.g. satellite) sources has been long established for decision makers, this has only recently been reflected in the construction sector with a more recent move from Computer Aided Design (CAD) to Building Information Modelling. BIM has opened up an additional source of valuable location-based data, with particular focus on the architecture, structural and engineering detail of both buildings and infrastructure projects. As with most if not all location data, while BIM can be used on its own, major benefits are to be derived from integration with other data sources. When this is done with GIS, the result is known as GeoBIM and although there are some similarities between the two, challenges to integration are both technical and non technical, in particular the need for clear case studies to motivate both developers and senior management. There are synergies to be gained from a multi-national, coordinated approach when addressing these challenges, where participants can benefit from each-others’ experience and where the needs of users and the National Mapping and Cadastral Agency (NMCA) perspective underpin the research. This paper summarises final outcomes and findings of the EuroSDR GeoBIM research project, which was set up to provide the required multi-national, user-centric collaborative framework, which had as its overall aim the development of best practice guidelines for GeoBIM, and due to its situation within EuroSDR has an NMCA focus. The paper updates information with regard to GeoBIM projects and maturity in the participant countries, and provides an overview of the two case studies developed.

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Park, J. Y., Y. H. Jung, W. Ding und K. W. Nam. „GEOCMS: TOWARDS A GEO-TAGGED MEDIA MANAGEMENT SYSTEM“. ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W14 (23.08.2019): 185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w14-185-2019.

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Abstract. In this paper, we propose the design and implementation of the new geo-tagged media management system. A large amount of daily geo-tagged media data generated by user’s smart phone, mobile device, dash cam and camera. Geo-tagged media, such as geovideos and geophotos, can be captured with spatial temporal information such as time, location, visible area, camera direction, moving direction and visible distance information. Due to the increase in geo-tagged multimedia data, the researches for efficient managing and mining geo-tagged multimedia are newly expected to be a new area in database and data mining. This paper proposes a geotagged media management system, so called Open GeoCMS (Geo-tagged media Contents Management System). Open GeoCMS is a new framework to manage geo-tagged media data on the web. Our framework supports various types which are for moving point, moving photo – a sequence of photos by a drone, moving double and moving video. Also, GeoCMS has the label viewer and editor system for photos and videos. The Open GeoCMS have been developed as an open source system.

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BUSTILLO, M. A., J. GARCIA-GUINEA, J. MARTINEZ-FRIAS und A. DELGADO. „Unusual sedimentary geodes filled by gold-bearing hematite laths“. Geological Magazine 136, Nr. 6 (November 1999): 671–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756899003404.

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Unusual mineralized and silicified carbonate-rich geodes were found hosted in Lower Triassic red mudstones in Central Spain. From their borders to their centres, the geodes display (a) a millimetric carbonate crust, (b) a quartz rim, (c) massive dolomite, (d) gold-bearing iron-rich infills (hematite laths and goethite with up to 7000 ppm of gold) and (e) calcite cements that sometimes seal the central hollow. Textural evidence indicates that the geodes were originally anhydrite, which was subsequently replaced by quartz and dolomite. The resultant porosity from this replacement, or by later dissolution, has been filled by epithermal gold-bearing iron-oxide hydroxides, romanechite and calcite.δ13C values indicate the participation of meteoric waters in an environment which was characterized by both a sub-desert climate and a temperate–tropical climate. Oxygen signatures reflect very variable temperatures for all minerals, with the exception of calcite, which appears to have precipitated at <38°C. Iron-oxide temperature values can reach up to 85°C (epithermal stage). The mineralogical assemblages of these unusual geodes denote early diagenetic replacement followed by the epithermal activity. This mineralization is linked to the Late Hercynian, calc-alkaline volcanism of Central Spain (the Hiendelaencina mining district).

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Garramone, M., N. Moretti, M. Scaioni, C. Ellul, F. Re Cecconi und M. C. Dejaco. „BIM AND GIS INTEGRATION FOR INFRASTRUCTURE ASSET MANAGEMENT: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS“. ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences VI-4/W1-2020 (03.09.2020): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-vi-4-w1-2020-77-2020.

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Abstract. The integration of Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) is gaining momentum in digital built Asset Management (AM), and has the potential to improve information management operations and provide advantages in process control and delivery of quality AM services, along with underlying data management benefits through entire life cycle of an asset. Work has been carried out relating GeoBIM/AM to buildings as well as infrastructure assets, where the potential financial savings are extensive. While information form BIM maybe be sufficient for building-AM; for infrastructure AM a combination of GIS and BIM is required. Scientific literature relating to this topic has been growing in recent years and has now reached a point where a systematic analysis of current and potential uses of GeoBIM in AM for Infrastructure is possible. Three specific areas form part of the analysis – a review of BIM and Infrastructure AM and GIS and Infrastructure AM leads to a better understanding of current practice. Combining the two, a review of GeoBIM and Infrastructure AM allows the benefits of, and issues relating to, GeoBIM to be clearly identified, both at technical and operational levels. A set of 54 journal articles was selected for in-depth contents analysis according to the AM function addressed and the managed asset class. The analysis enabled the identification of three categories of issues and opportunities: data management, interoperability and integration and AM process and service management. The identified knowledge gaps, in turn, underpin problem definition for the next phases of research into GeoBIM for infrastructure AM.

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Chmielewski, Szymon, Andrzej Bochniak, Asya Natapov und Piotr Wężyk. „Introducing GEOBIA to Landscape Imageability Assessment: A Multi-Temporal Case Study of the Nature Reserve “Kózki”, Poland“. Remote Sensing 12, Nr. 17 (27.08.2020): 2792. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12172792.

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Geographic object-based image analysis (GEOBIA) is a primary remote sensing tool utilized in land-cover mapping and change detection. Land-cover patches are the primary data source for landscape metrics and ecological indicator calculations; however, their application to visual landscape character (VLC) indicators was little investigated to date. To bridge the knowledge gap between GEOBIA and VLC, this paper puts forward the theoretical concept of using viewpoint as a landscape imageability indicator into the practice of a multi-temporal land-cover case study and explains how to interpret the indicator. The study extends the application of GEOBIA to visual landscape indicator calculations. In doing so, eight different remote sensing imageries are the object of GEOBIA, starting from a historical aerial photograph (1957) and CORONA declassified scene (1965) to contemporary (2018) UAV-delivered imagery. The multi-temporal GEOBIA-delivered land-cover patches are utilized to find the minimal isovist set of viewpoints and to calculate three imageability indicators: the number, density, and spacing of viewpoints. The calculated indicator values, viewpoint rank, and spatial arrangements allow us to describe the scale, direction, rate, and reasons for VLC changes over the analyzed 60 years of landscape evolution. We found that the case study nature reserve (“Kózki”, Poland) landscape imageability transformed from visually impressive openness to imageability due to the impression of several landscape rooms enclosed by forest walls. Our results provide proof that the number, rank, and spatial arrangement of viewpoints constitute landscape imageability measured with the proposed indicators. Discussing the method’s technical limitations, we believe that our findings contribute to a better understanding of land-cover change impact on visual landscape structure dynamics and further VLC indicator development.

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MACHADO, Adilson Matheus Borges, und Taíssa Caroline SILVA RODRIGUES. „COMPARAÇÃO DE MÉTODOS DE CLASSIFICAÇÃO PARA O MAPEAMENTO DA COBERTURA DA TERRA NO SETOR NORTE DA ILHA DO MARANHÃO“. Geosciences = Geociências 39, Nr. 04 (19.12.2020): 1129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5016/geociencias.v39i04.14128.

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A zona costeira se estende das planícies costeiras até a borda externa das plataformas continentais. A GEOBIA (Geographic Object-Based Image Analysis) é um método eficaz na análise de imagens de alta resolução, incluindo fotointerpretação e classificação de características da paisagem. O método de classificação supervisionada consiste em um conhecimento prévio de algumas áreas a serem estudadas, o que permite amostras de confiáveis. Assim, o presente estudo tem como objetivo principal comparar o método de classificação supervisionada pixel a pixel com o método de GEOBIA, buscando o mapeamento da cobertura da terra no setor Norte da Ilha do Maranhão. O algoritmo classificador utilizado foi o Maximum Likelihood Classification. O método de Classificação Supervisionada apresentou um valor de Kappa de 0,8469, Exatidão Global de 0,8950 e Variância Kappa de 0,0009295. Para a GEOBIA apresentou um valor de Kappa de 0,9410, Exatidão Global de 0,9600 e Variância Kappa de 0,0004075. O sensoriamento remoto se mostra extremamente eficiente em pesquisas relacionadas ao uso e ocupação da terra. Os resultados do método da Classificação Supervisionada, apesar de suas limitações, mostraram resultados satisfatórios quando comparados com os resultados do método da GEOBIA, o que torna interessante sua aplicação para iniciativas de mapeamento em diversos municípios brasileiros.

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Leroux, Corentin, Hazaël Jones, Léo Pichon, Serge Guillaume, Julien Lamour, James Taylor, Olivier Naud, Thomas Crestey, Jean-Luc Lablee und Bruno Tisseyre. „GeoFIS: An Open Source, Decision-Support Tool for Precision Agriculture Data“. Agriculture 8, Nr. 6 (30.05.2018): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture8060073.

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