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RAO MOTHIKA, MALLIKHARJUNA, und K. M. JAYAKUMARI. „APPLICATION OF GEO-NATURAL FIBERS AND SUBGRADE CONSTRUCTION“. INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 07, Nr. 11 (01.11.2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem27357.
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The use of geo-natural fibres in subbase and subgrade construction is a new and environmentally friendly way to improve the mechanical qualities and durability of road and pavement infrastructure. The inclusion of various geo-natural fibres, such as jute, coconut, and sabai grass, into the subbase and subgrade layers of road building is investigated in this study. These natural fibres are environmentally friendly and locally available, making them an appealing alternative to typical building materials. The study looks at how these fibres affect the engineering properties of subbase and subgrade layers, such as tensile strength, load-bearing capacity, and resistance to soil erosion. The findings show that using geo-natural fibres improves soil stabilization, reduces settlement, and increases resilience to moisture-induced damage. This study highlights the importance of sustainable construction techniques by encouraging the use of bio-based materials that lower the environmental imprint of infrastructure development. The findings have significance for low-cost, ecologically friendly road construction technologies, particularly in areas where natural fibres are abundant. Keywords:Geo-natural fibers, jute, coconut, sabai grass, subbase, subgrade construction, soil stabilization, sustainability, eco-friendly materials, road infrastructure, mechanical properties, load- bearing capacity
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Mukbaniani, O. V., J. N. Aneli, E. G. Markarashvili, M. V. Tarasashvili und N. D. Aleksidze. „Polymeric composites on the basis of Martian ground for building future mars stations“. International Journal of Astrobiology 15, Nr. 2 (06.08.2015): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550415000270.
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AbstractThe colonization of Mars will require obtaining building materials which can be put in place and processed into buildings via various constructive technologies. We tried to use artificial Martian ground – AMG (GEO PAT 11-234 (2015)) and special resins for the preparation of building block prototypes. The composite material has been obtained based on the AMG as filler, epoxy resin (type ED-20) and tetraethoxysilane – TEOS. We have studied strengthening – softening temperatures and water absorption of the AMG polymer composites that are determined by epoxy resin and TEOS modification. Comparison of the experimental results shows that composites containing modified filler have higher values of the maximum ultimate strength, resistance and flexibility parameters than unmodified composites with definite loading. Modified composites also have a higher softening temperature and lower water absorption.
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Et. al., P. Suresh Chandra,. „Dynamic and Analysis of A Geo-Polymer Concrete Structure“. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN INDUSTRY 9, Nr. 2 (21.03.2021): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/itii.v9i2.303.
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The standard portland cement (OPC) was traditionally used as the binding agent in concrete. However it is also important to find alternative emissions-free concrete binding agents to reduce environmental damage caused by cement manufacturing. Geopolymers, also known as inorganic polymers, use byproducts like fly ash rather than cement. Recent studies have shown that geopolymer concrete based on fly ash has enough properties for use. As the geopolymer strength mechanism is different from the OPC binder, an appropriate constituent model for geopolymer concrete must be obtained in order to predict the load-deflection behavior and strength of geopolymer concrete structural components. A number of problems faced with today's cement industry are addressed by geopolymer binders. These binders have similar or better engineering qualities in comparison with cement and can use many types of waste materials.
This project describes the seismic analysis of buildings with high-rise structures, the model of residential G+10 buildings with traditional concrete and geopolymer concrete properties is modelled and analysis is carried out using the response spectra method considering the position of the building in zone III, this analysis would generate the effect of higher vibration modes and real force distribution in elastic range. Test results include maximum story shifts, maximum story drifts, story shears and story stiffness, and an efficient lateral load resistance system, helping to establish whether geo-polymer concrete can be used in high-rise building construction as dynamic loads are included in the high-rise structures
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Kopanitsa, Natalya O., Olga V. Demyanenko, Anzhelika A. Kulikova, Evgenia V. Tkach, Nikolai I. Shestakov und Irina V. Stepina. „SECONDARY RESOURCES IN PRODUCTION OF COMPOSITE BUILDING MATERIALS BASED ON CEMENT“. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University Geo Assets Engineering 334, Nr. 10 (31.10.2023): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18799/24131830/2023/10/4304.
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Link for citation: Kopanitsa N.O., Demyanenko O.V., Kulikova A.A., Tkach E.V., Shestakov N.I., Stepina I.V. Secondary resources in production of composite building materials based on cement. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. Geo Аssets Engineering, 2023, vol. 334, no. 10, рр. 49-60. In Rus. The relevance of the research is caused by the importance of the problem of rational use of natural resources in production of composite building materials. The possibility of partial replacement of natural non-renewable raw materials used in the production of multi-ton concrete and mortar mixtures based on cement with secondary products from the production of various industries will solve the problems of: resource saving, energy consumption and ecology. The construction industry is the largest consumer of by-products of mining enterprises: overburden and waste from mining and processing enterprises, which is hundreds of millions of tons per year. The most studied are the issues related to their use as fine and coarse aggregates in concrete and mortar mixtures for various purposes. The expansion of the possibility of using secondary products of mining enterprises in the production of composite building materials is associated with the production of active mineral additives, fillers in concrete and mortar mixtures, as well as energetically active nanomodifiers. The use of by-products of different chemical composition and dispersion makes it possible to control the processes of structure formation and hardening of composite materials based on cement and to obtain composite materials with the required performance properties. The main goal of the research is to scientifically substantiate and investigate the possibility of using waste from mining enterprises as components in concrete and mortar mixtures based on cement. Objects: modifying additives based on secondary products; composite materials with enhanced performance properties. Methods: determination of the mobility of mixtures, normal density, hardening time, flexural and compressive strength according to SS; thermal analysis; electron microscopy, x-ray phase analysis, colorimetry. Results. The paper introduces the results of studies necessary for the scientific substantiation, development and implementation in the construction industry of the technology for production of building mortar mixtures obtained using secondary products of mining enterprises as well as the comparative results of studies on the effect of a complex additive of microcalcite and nano-SiO2 on the properties of cement systems. It is shown that the introduction of a complex additive increases the compressive strength of cement stone, reduces the consumption of cement without reducing its standard characteristics and improves the performance properties of concrete.
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Lagouin, Méryl, Aurélie Laborel-Préneron, Camille Magniont, Sandrine Geoffroy und Jean-Emmanuel Aubert. „Moisture buffer capacity of a bilayer bio- and geo-based wall“. Construction and Building Materials 329 (April 2022): 127209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.127209.
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Hausegger, B., M. Raudaschl, T. Levak, G. Triantafyllidis, E. Dengg, C. Kurz, R. Riewe et al. „Surveying the building stock of Graz with regard to a circular economy in the construction sector“. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1078, Nr. 1 (01.09.2022): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1078/1/012001.
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Abstract Construction consumes about 40% of resources globally. The switch to a circular economy model in the building industry can contribute to the reduction of use of resources, and lower the environmental impact by extending the life cycle of building components and materials. However, circular economy principles in building industry are not yet established, while at the same time the complexity and consequences of such a transition require further research. The objective of the exploratory study “City Remixed”, whose first results are discussed in this paper, is to identify re-use and recycling potentials of Graz’s building stock for the city of Graz, in order to initiate the transformation of the building sector of the city towards the circular economy. Considering the city of Graz and its surroundings in a reasonably short transport distance as a closed system, we started by quantifying the existing building stock in form of a digital 3D model as shown in this paper. In addition to the recording of the materials or construction elements present in buildings and infrastructure (networks) and quasi bound in them with regard to type of building material, quantity, condition and position in a geo-information system (“urban cadastre”), the expected future time of availability of the material or construction element is also to be recorded digitally. In the future we will enrich the model with metadata, in order to enable the investigation of re-use and recycling potential of the components and materials as well as to determine companies, manufacturers testing and certification institutes that are necessary for these processes. Finally, we will develop renewal scenarios based on the existing building stock, as a result of possible component and material flows. From this process, we identify the fields of action, we settle decision-making bases and provide recommendations with regard to the transformation to a circular economy for different stakeholders, including the citizens. In this context digital technologies allow the storage, retrieve, management and update of large amounts of information, support the development of circular economy scenarios, which in turn offer a simple way towards the re-use and recycle of materials in the building industry.
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Aldulaimi, Mohammed Hasan, Ibrahim Najem, Tabarak Ali Abdulhussein, M. H. Ali, Asaad Shakir Hameed, M. Altaee und Hatira Gunerhan. „Intelligent Load Identification of Household-Smart Meters Using Multilevel Decision Tree and Data Fusion Techniques“. Journal of Intelligent Systems and Internet of Things 12, Nr. 1 (2023): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.54216/jisiot.090102.
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The DTA-LI system's fusion data method is crucial in the monitoring of appliance loads for the purposes of improving energy efficiency and management. Common home electrical devices are identified and classified from smart meter data through the analysis of voltage and current variations, allowing for the measurement of energy usage in residential buildings. A load identification system based on a decision tree algorithm may infer information about the residents of a building based on their energy usage habits. Better power savings rates, load shedding management, and overall electrical system performance are the results of the clusters' ability to capture families' purchasing patterns and geo-Demographic segmentation. The DTA-LI system's fusion data method presents a promising avenue for improving residential buildings' energy performance and lowering their carbon footprint, especially in light of the widespread use of smart meters in recent years.
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Alam, Md Mumtaz, Kafeel Ahmad und Mehtab Alam. „Exploring the Utilization of Municipal Solid Waste in Sustainable Construction Materials: A Review“. Current World Environment 19, Nr. 2 (20.09.2024): 545–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.19.2.4.
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Municipal solid waste (MSW) is a growing problem worldwide, as populations increase, and consumption patterns change. It not only causes pollution and health hazards, but it also results in the depletion of resources. Considering this, the utilization of MSW in sustainable construction materials has become a critical area of research. The purpose of this review study is to explore the various ways in which MSW can be utilized in sustainable construction materials such as fired clay bricks, eco-cement, geo-polymer, fly ash (FA), bottom ash (BA), ceramic bricks, municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI), incineration bottom ash (IBA), and coal bottom ash (CBA). This article also helps to understand the properties of waste-based materials and the potential for their use in various applications. This information renders the construction sector to design and develop standard guidelines for the use of waste-based materials. The significance of this review article lies in its potential to transform the construction sector into a more sustainable and resource efficient sector by leveraging the resources that are already available. Integrating waste into construction materials not only averts the waste from landfills and incinerators, but also facilitates the necessity of raw materials and consequently sustains the natural resources. Additionally, the utilization of waste-based building materials can lead to a reduction in the carbon trace of the construction industry, as waste materials often have lower embodied energy compared to traditional building materials. The outcomes of this review will provide valuable insights into the potential of MSW as a resource in sustainable construction and contribute to the development of effective Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) strategies.
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Naz, Aliya, und Abhiroop Chowdhury. „Potentially toxic elements in fly ash bricks and associated ecological health risk: An opinionated review“. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1409, Nr. 1 (01.11.2024): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1409/1/012008.
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Abstract Exposure to potentially toxic elements (PTE) from various sources seriously threatens the ecosystem in the modern era. Fly ash produced from coal and solid waste combustion contains a high concentration of PTE. Fly ash is a major by-product of coal-based thermal power plants and municipal solid waste incineration units. Due to the high demand for fly ash reuse due to its unique properties, fly ash is now in demand for manufacturing of various building materials and geo-liner for landfills. Brick is the primary building material used in construction. Fly ash bricks are very popular nowadays due to their low cost and high durability. This study reveals the ecological risk index through the exposure of heavy metals in fly ash reported in various studies. Results indicate extremely high ecological risk mainly due to Cd content in fly ash followed by Hg, As, Cu, and Pb. Fly ash is one of the causative agents for several diseases affecting the nervous system, skin, circulatory system, digestive system, reproductive system, and immune responses in the human body.
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Baranovskiy, Nikolay, und Aleksey Malinin. „Mathematical Simulation of Forest Fire Impact on Industrial Facilities and Wood-Based Buildings“. Sustainability 12, Nr. 13 (07.07.2020): 5475. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12135475.
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The present work is devoted to the theoretical study of heat transfer in the enclosing structures of a wooden building exposed to the front of a forest fire. In the general case, the following effects could be distinguished: The direct effect of a forest fire flame, the effect of convective and radiant heat flux, and the removal of firebrands from the front of a forest fire. In this paper, only building enclosures were considered to be exposed to radiant heat flux from the front of a forest fire. The scenarios of the impacts of low- and high-intensity surface forest fires and crown forest fires were considered, taking into account the parameterized structure of the fire front, as well as various cladding materials and the time of the forest fire. As a result of mathematical modeling, temperature distributions over the surface and thickness of the cladding material were obtained, and ignition conditions were determined based on experimental data. The proposed simplified mathematical model and the obtained results can be used in the practice of protecting industrial facilities or rural settlements from forest fires. Particular attention should be paid to the potential use of the results in the Information System for Remote Monitoring of Forest Fires, ISDM-Rosleskhoz, in conjunction with geo-information technologies and methods of remote monitoring.
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Barisoglu, Ecem Nur, Jannes Meeusen, Diederik Snoeck, Ramiro Daniel Verástegui-Flores und Gemmina Di Emidio. „Feasibility of Using Recycled Construction and Demolition Materials for Deep Soil Mixing“. Sustainability 15, Nr. 6 (15.03.2023): 5223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15065223.
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Reusing construction and demolition wastes for geotechnical and geo-environmental purposes has already become a research hotspot. This study was carried out to evaluate the feasibility of using recycled construction and demolition wastes in a partial substitution of cement to enhance the mechanical properties of soft soil. The strength and stiffness development of two types of recycled material (RM1 and RM2), incorporated with peat and clayey soil under 7, 14, and 28 days’ curing time, was investigated based on unconfined compressive strength and free–free resonance frequency test methods. The findings demonstrated that clayey soil showed an average of 2.5 times higher strength than peat with the addition of recycled materials, regardless of the type. However, after 14 days of curing, the strength remained constant for peat soil. Moreover, it is concluded that the studied granular recycled materials could be used to replace a part of the cement content to improve the strength and stiffness properties.
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Baldovino, Jair A., Carlos Millan-Paramo und Manuel Saba. „Porosity-to-Cement Index Controlling the Strength and Microstructure of Sustainable Crushed Material-Cemented Soil Blends“. Buildings 12, Nr. 11 (12.11.2022): 1966. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12111966.
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Recently, studies that introduce alternative binders or wastes for created geo-materials that can be mixed with soil to give it greater strength, are of paramount importance. Roof tile residue, for example, has been widely used to create geopolymers in mortar and concrete. However, its application to soil stabilization has been limited. Additionally, there are no recent studies on the design of soil-tile mixtures with criteria, based on the estimation indexes of mechanical resistance, durability, and microstructure. Thus, this paper introduces another new geo-material not studied in the current literature: crushed roof tile (RT) waste mixed with soil-cement. For this, sedimentary soil was mixed with cement (C) and RT in various quantities and cured under 28 days. The influence and impact of the porosity/cement index (η/Civ) on the split tensile (qt) and compressive (qu) strengths were studied. Concerning porosity, as well as the cement content, it had a strong influence on strength. Regardless of the cement content used, a decrease in the material’s porosity promoted considerable gains in strength due to a more significant number of contacts between particles and a more outstanding interlocking between the soil particles. In addition, the greater ability to distribute stresses within the geomaterial compacted specimen and the greater capacity to mobilize friction in lower porosity states to contribute to the strength of the RT-soil-cement mixture. The index split tensile/compression was calculated as 0.18, independent of cement and the RT content. During the chemical microanalysis, the soil particles and the RT detected the cementing material between the soil particles. Finally, the new geomaterial can be applied to several uses in geotechnical engineering. From an environmental point of view, the RT-soil blends are considered technically sustainable. Reconciling sustainability and the development of new materials is, without a doubt, essential for us to progress in society. Cemented soil with RT residues have emerged recently and are a potential replacement for traditional materials, as demonstrated in this paper.
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Baeră, Cornelia, Vasilica Vasile, Claudiu Matei, Aurelian Gruin, Henriette Szilagyi und Ion Aurel Perianu. „Development of Green Cementitious Materials by Using the Abrasive Waterjet Garnet Wastes: Preliminary Studies“. Advanced Materials Research 1164 (23.06.2021): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1164.87.
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The constant need for recycling, waste prevention and general environmental protection represent the new directive approaches imposed by the geo-political, industrial and environmental context, at the regional, European and global level. Ensuring the environmental protection and reducing the natural resources consumption represent general purposes of the sustainable development and also considerations to implement the Circular Economy Model [1]. The present study is developed with respect to the previously mentioned principles: the waterjet cutting operations by the use of abrasive GARNETs for quality, speed and accuracy gain, are in continuous expansion, generating proportionally increasing wastes, which could be valorized by innovatively integrating them in advanced cementitious materials for the construction industry. The international research regarding the use of abrasive waterjet Garnet wastes as raw material for construction industry are at incipient stage and quite limited, but preliminary results are promising. Further studies are presently developed, considering the potential benefits and also the reduced toxicity degree of abrasive Garnet wastes. This paper offers a general overview concerning the recent studies performed in the topic of efficient use of abrasive Garnet wastes in different building materials. Supplementary, further research, both theoretical and experimental is considered, for developing green, advanced, high performance cement-based materials by using the abrasive waterjet Garnet wastes, mainly as fine grain addition or replacement in the composites.
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Saranya, M., N. Archana, SS Lavanya, K. Ooviyavalli, B. Sneha und K. Sujana. „Digital twinning of surveillance robot“. Annals of Robotics and Automation 8, Nr. 1 (23.01.2024): 001–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/ara.000017.
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Surveillance robots provide troops with real-time information about their surroundings, including enemy positions, terrain, and potential threats. This information is invaluable for making informed decisions and ensuring the safety of military personnel. Geo-fenced robots are robots equipped with technology that restricts their movements within predefined geographic boundaries. These boundaries are typically established using GPS or other location-based technologies. In applications like the military, geo-fencing can be used to establish secure zones. Geo-fencing helps prevent robots from entering hazardous areas, reducing the risk of damage to the robot and potential harm to friendly forces or civilians This project aims at Digital twinning of robots by creating a virtual replica or model of a physical robot in a digital environment. Digital twinning allows engineers and designers to simulate and test the robot’s behavior, performance, and capabilities in a virtual environment before building the physical robot. This can lead to increased efficiency, reduced downtime, and cost savings. In this project, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) sensor data is integrated with a digital twinned robot to create a virtual reproduction of the robot and its surroundings. LiDAR is a remote sensing technology that maps the robot’s surroundings in fine detail using 3D point clouds by measuring distances using laser pulses. Here we make use of RPLIDAR A1 M8 and acquire data from it using ROS with the help of a RaspberryPi4B Controller. Simulink is used to create a 3D model of the robot’s environment and the robot itself. Reinforcement learning and pure pursuit algorithms are used for developing them. This project discusses the need for geofenced autonomous robots and emphasizes the security and reliability it brings to military applications.
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Purakayastha, Shiladitya. „Geo-Spatial Distribution and Comparative Assessment of Brick Kiln Industry: Appraisal on Kulpi Block in Diamond Harbour Sub-Division, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal“. International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, Nr. 9 (30.09.2021): 1028–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38112.
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Abstract: Brick is one of the most important building materials and the demand of it is continuously rising for high increasing of population and the demand for settlement growth. Brick kilns in India are considered by traditional types of manufacturing and established as a significant industry in the unorganized sector. Percentage of female worker is more than male and in most of the cases total family be involved. Indian brick industry is the second biggest in the world after the China which provides livelihood. Among 9 Blocks of Diamond Harbour Sub-Division, Kulpi is the largest block based on number of brick kiln industry. Total brick kiln of the Sub division is 101. But Kulpi has 44 Brick Kilns (equal to 43.46%) covering an area of 60,000 Bigha or 80.3 Sq. Kms acquiring 25.83 % area of the Block itself. Author has attempted to observe the geo-spatial scenario and analysis of brick kiln industry of Kulpi block. Keywords: Locational Status, Brick Kiln Industry, Distribution, Comparison, Analysis, Kulpi Block
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Reybandt, A. A., A. N. Areseniev und T. G. Maximova. „Development of a Model and Algorithm for Data Aggregation and Classification for a Personalized Nutrition Recommendation System“. Economics Law Innovaion, Nr. 2 (30.06.2021): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17586/2713-1874-2021-2-35-48.
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The article demonstrates the design and implementation of a data aggregation algorithm for a future recommendation system in the field of personalized nutrition. It was based on theoretical materials on machine learning methods in natural language processing, as well as tutorials on building classification models using the Keras library. A distinctive feature of the classifier implemented within the framework of this project is the fact that it simultaneously accepts images and text data as input to obtain more accurate and balanced predictions. The implementation of the designed data aggregation algorithm for the recommendation system in the field of personalized nutrition is considered in detail. A review was made of the tools and approaches chosen at various stages of aggregation. The metrics for evaluating the predictions of the implemented model for the classification of geographic labels, as well as the analysis of the average sentiment of user reviews are determined and the results are visualized. Predicted geo tags and revealed comment sentiments were added to the main data frame as additional features.
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Dorozhko, Yevhen, Yevgeny Shtonda, Elina Zakharova und Hor Sarkisyan. „Creation of a digital model of the location based on raster image in Topocad automated design system“. Bulletin of Kharkov National Automobile and Highway University 1, Nr. 104 (09.04.2024): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.30977/bul.2219-5548.2024.104.1.107.
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Problem. This article analyzes and generalizes the technology of building a digital model of the area based on a raster image in the Topocad automated design system. The functional capabilities of this software complex and the features of creating digital models of the terrain and situation are considered. The methods of transformation of raster images, construction of situational elements and tools for editing the digital model of the terrain are presented. The issue of creating a digital spatial model based on a raster image is currently quite relevant due to the limited possibility of using paper media. The use of cartographic materials in digital format is becoming increasingly popular nowadays. Cartographic materials in paper form become unusable over time. A simple and reliable way to save cartographic materials is to transform them into digital terrain models. Goal. The purpose of this article is to analyze and generalize the technology of building a digital terrain model based on a raster image in the Topocad automated design system, consider the functionality of this software complex and the features of creating digital models of the terrain and situation. Methodology. The technical parameters and functionality of the Topocad software complex were analyzed. Topocad is an automated design (CAD) system, created specifically for processing the results of planar and linear surveys, creating CMM, preparing topographic drawings, geodetic support for construction, surveying support for the development of mineral deposits, collecting and updating GIS data. Results. The Topocad software complex is intended for the creation of an engineering digital model of the area based on the data of engineering and geodetic surveys, the preparation of the CMM for further design, and the release of topographic plans and tablets based on it. Materials and data created with the help of the Topocad program can be successfully used as a spatial basis for geo-information, cadastral and other systems of various purposes, conducting large-scale regular plans. The general principles of work extend to the creation and editing of all geometric elements, determination of the planned position of the thematic objects of the situation, construction of surface elements, etc. Each type of element has its own creation, editing and deletion commands. Originality. The considered sequence of works is quite simple and allows you to save paper cartographic materials. Practical value. The considered approach allows designers to use automated design systems when solving any tasks in the case of the availability of initial data in the form of a paper map, which will significantly simplify the complexity of the work, reduce its execution time and improve the quality of design results.
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Manta, Otilia. „Sustainability Analysis of the Mountain Economy“. IETI Transactions on Data Analysis and Forecasting (iTDAF) 1, Nr. 1 (03.04.2023): 34–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/itdaf.v1i1.32965.
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The paper presents a vision for the future of Horizon 2050 and the sustainable effect of the mountain economy starting from the conceptual definition of montanology that “integrates knowledge (disciplines) in the following fields: agriculture, animal husbandry, human ecology, geo-ecology and pedology, biology, demography and ethnography, human and animal psychology, architecture, construction and building materials, elements of forestry and geology, beekeeping, fish farming, economics, organization and functioning of the mountain private household, as well as other specific systems, mountain systematization, mountain design, specific ergonomics, small industry and crafts, tourism and agrotourism, health education, nature material resources (minerals, plants and animals) and energy resources (unconventional), legislation and legal relations, other useful knowledge with mountain specifics, human resources - tradition and culture ”(R. Rey, 1985). Moreover, we intend to highlight in the paper the challenges and priorities at national and European level in the mountain economy.
The results of the paper highlight the complete solution for a sustainable mountain rural development, through which farmers will be able to get fair prices for raw materials "mountain products", which would meet the real needs of mountain farmers, small and medium par excellence, to increase family income, based on renewable resources and increasing farm capitalization and investment capacity, all of which are based on strategic guidelines with practical applicability following the professional experiences of the authors of the paper.
Key words: mountain economy, economic development, sustainability.
JEL Classification: O18, O44, Q56.
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Hutchinson, Ian B., Richard Ingley, Howell G. M. Edwards, Liam Harris, Melissa McHugh, Cedric Malherbe und J. Parnell. „Raman spectroscopy on Mars: identification of geological and bio-geological signatures in Martian analogues using miniaturized Raman spectrometers“. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 372, Nr. 2030 (13.12.2014): 20140204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2014.0204.
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The first Raman spectrometers to be used for in situ analysis of planetary material will be launched as part of powerful, rover-based analytical laboratories within the next 6 years. There are a number of significant challenges associated with building spectrometers for space applications, including limited volume, power and mass budgets, the need to operate in harsh environments and the need to operate independently and intelligently for long periods of time (due to communication limitations). Here, we give an overview of the technical capabilities of the Raman instruments planned for future planetary missions and give a review of the preparatory work being pursued to ensure that such instruments are operated successfully and optimally. This includes analysis of extremophile samples containing pigments associated with biological processes, synthetic materials which incorporate biological material within a mineral matrix, planetary analogues containing low levels of reduced carbon and samples coated with desert varnish that incorporate both geo-markers and biomarkers. We discuss the scientific importance of each sample type and the challenges using portable/flight-prototype instrumentation. We also report on technical development work undertaken to enable the next generation of Raman instruments to reach higher levels of sensitivity and operational efficiency.
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Daniels, Joseph. „Building Global Health Capacity at a Minority-Serving Institution in the Bronx: The Potential Role of PhotoVoice and the Geo-Social Pathway Framework in This Endeavor“. International Quarterly of Community Health Education 39, Nr. 1 (Oktober 2018): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272684x18809508.
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Global health training programs for undergraduate students are expanding in the United States, which includes Minority-Serving Institutions (MSIs), but capacity building is needed at MSIs to develop career pathways into the field, especially for those institutions that serve low-income students who live in communities with high health disparities. Often, global health pathways begin by building a global lens through the examination of local health issues coupled with international educational experiences. This approach is limited for students who come from low-income settings with limited funding for international experiences, and as a result, may not see the feasibility of a global health career. However, there may be opportunity in harnessing student motivations and participatory research methods to build interest in a global health career. This article outlines the course, Fundamentals of Global Health, offered at a public MSI in the Bronx. The course was grounded in the Geo-Social Pathway Framework and utilized PhotoVoice to engage students in individual research projects. A constant comparison method was used to analyze papers, photos, reflections, and presentations in order to identify themes. Analysis of course materials submitted by students suggests that they were motivated to examine health disparities using PhotoVoice and that they focused their research projects on their family and community health disparities, or aligned with educational or professional goals to address their community health needs. This course model may inform future training in global health for students at MSIs, but community-based participatory research priority funding is needed to sustain global health at these key institutions.
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Heidrich, Oliver, Alistair C. Ford, Richard J. Dawson, David A. C. Manning, Eugene Mohareb, Marco Raugei, Joris Baars und Mohammad Ali Rajaeifar. „LAYERS: A Decision-Support Tool to Illustrate and Assess the Supply and Value Chain for the Energy Transition“. Sustainability 14, Nr. 12 (10.06.2022): 7120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14127120.
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Climate change mitigation strategies are developed at international, national, and local authority levels. Technological solutions such as renewable energies (RE) and electric vehicles (EV) have geographically widespread knock-on effects on raw materials. In this paper, a decision-support and data-visualization tool named “LAYERS” is presented, which applies a material flow analysis to illustrate the complex connections along supply chains for carbon technologies. A case study focuses on cobalt for lithium-ion batteries (LIB) required for EVs. It relates real business data from mining and manufacturing to actual EV registrations in the UK to visualize the intended and unintended consequences of the demand for cobalt. LAYERS integrates a geographic information systems (GIS) architecture, database scheme, and whole series of stored procedures and functions. By means of a 3D visualization based on GIS, LAYERS conveys a clear understanding of the location of raw materials (from reserves, to mining, refining, manufacturing, and use) across the globe. This highlights to decision makers the often hidden but far-reaching geo-political implications of the growing demands for a range of raw materials that are needed to meet long-term carbon-reduction targets.
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Pavan Kumar, CH, N. V. N. Ravali, Rumpa Sutradhar und S. Vijaya Bhaskar Reddy. „Study on Properties of Geopolymer Concrete using Hybrid Fibres“. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 982, Nr. 1 (01.03.2022): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/982/1/012013.
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Abstract Due to the ongoing loss of the ozone layer and the issue of global warming, the building industry has recently become increasingly cognizant of the importance of employing more environmentally friendly construction materials. Geopolymer concrete (GPC) has started to draw considerable interest from scholars, researchers, and construction practitioners because of its benefits in replacing cement with by-product waste and reducing greenhouse gas emissions during production. It also outperforms traditional concrete in terms of mechanical qualities and endurance. Despite its benefits, GPC is only used in a limited number of applications. This paper describes the various proportions of fly ash (100%, 90%, 85%, 80%) and bagasse ash (10%, 15%, 20%) based geo-polymer concrete. For the making of concrete, fly ash having low-calcium (Class F) is substituted for Ordinary Portland cement (OPC)as the raw material. According to earlier research, adding bagasse ash to Geopolymer concrete reduces its strength by more than 10%. The effects of strength and durability parameters were studied using silica fume (5%) and hybrid fibres (1%), and the findings revealed that GPC has increased durability and strength with the addition of silica fume and hybrid fibres. This GPC has mechanical and durability properties equivalent to OPC concrete. GPC is not only good for the environment, but it also has outstanding mechanical properties. In the future, it might be a very useful material.
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STADNIKOV, V., und N. LIKHVA. „Geoinformation system of engineering networks and communications of maritime trading port“. Modern achievements of geodesic science and industry 1, Nr. 47 (01.04.2024): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.33841/1819-1339-1-47-195-202.
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The work is devoted to researching the process of development, implementation and operation of the geoinformation system of engineering networks and communications (GISIS) in the Odesa Sea Trade Port. The beginning of the development of the system began more than twenty years ago. The beginning of the works was preceded by the stage of pre-project studies, the result of which were the technical tasks for the implementation of the works and the project of the structure of information support. The work was carried out in stages, which corresponded to a separate territory and type of work. The purpose of this work is to research the processes of performing field and camera geodetic, photogrammetric, cartographic works, designing and creating a geoinformation database, selecting and adapting specialized geoinformation software, operating and supporting the system during the full life cycle of the geoinformation system. The methodology mainly corresponds to the following algorithm of work performance. At the stage of preliminary design studies: – collection and analysis of data on the exchange of cartographic and analytical information between external organizations, – collection and analysis of data on the exchange of cartographic and analytical information within the enterprise, primarily between engineering services, – description of the existing document circulation system with cartographic and analytical information, – a description of the shortcomings of the existing document management system, – determination of requirements for geo-information software and justification of the configuration of the geo-information software package and its architecture. At the stage of field work: – construction of a shooting justification and definition of data for communication with other coordinate systems, – reconnaissance on the territory of performance of works. Planning field work. – execution of topographical and geodetic works for the purpose of building or updating 1:500, 1:2000 scale plans. Construction of outlines. – performance of engineering and geodetic works for the study of underground communications in order to design the sections of wells and other engineering nodes. At the stage of design (camera works): – based on outlines and electronic survey protocols, development or correction of 1:500, 1:2000 scale plans using geoinformation software. – based on outlines, photofixation materials, construction of diagrams of sections of wells and other engineering nodes in electronic form. – formation of a geo-informational database of the object on the territory of execution of works. – debugging the project in the environment of geoinformation software. – coordination of the project with the engineering services of the enterprise and external organizations. – commissioning the developed project to the customer. Scientific novelty and practical significance – for the first time, research and development of the methodology of creation and support at all stages of the life cycle of the geoinformation system of engineering networks and communications of a large seaport was carried out. The methodology was developed for a long time during the entire life cycle of the system. The methodology was used by other ports and large industrial enterprises.
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Sánchez-Sánchez, Yolanda, Javier Elez, Pablo G. Silva, Gabriel Santos-Delgado, Jorge Luis Giner-Robles und Klaus Reicherter. „3D Modelling of Archaeoseismic Damage in the Roman Site of Baelo Claudia (Gibraltar Arc, South Spain)“. Applied Sciences 12, Nr. 10 (21.05.2022): 5223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12105223.
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This study deals with the morphometric characterization and quantification of earthquake damage in the ancient Roman city of Baelo Claudia in South Spain (Gibraltar Arc) by means of the use of 3D modelling from drone imagery. Baelo Claudia is a world-renowned archaeological site recording recurrent earthquake destruction during the first and third centuries AD. The first earthquake destroyed the lower littoral zone of the city, allowing its reconstruction from the year c. 60–70 CE, but the second earthquake in 365–390 CE led to the complete destruction of the renewed city and its eventual abandonment. This second earthquake imprinted important deformations in the main monumental zone of the city, including the basilica temples, macellum, city walls, aqueducts and funerary monuments, as well as in the main paved zones of the city. This is the case for the Forum, Decumanus and Cardos, which show a variety of folds, pop-up structures, conjugate fractures and impact marks susceptible to be measured in a 3D format. The current study presents detailed (up to 3 mm/pixel) surface models of iconic monuments within the city. The 3D models were obtained by means of serial orthophotos taken with a UAV Mavic Pro 2 (DJI) Drone device equipped with a 20 mpx camera and a 1” CMOS sensor. Each individual image was captured in a geo-referenced jpg format and processed with the Agisoft Metashape Professional software®. Depending on the measured monument, the final images consisted of 250 to 700 photographs clustered by 50,000 to 150,000 tie points. In all studied items (Decumanus, city walls and bath dish), we follow the same workflow of analysis: (1) alignment of photos with support points; (2) building a dense cloud of points; (3) creation of the surface texture; (4) creation of the Digital Elevation Model (DEM); (5) creation of the orthomosaic; and finally, (6) the building of the high-quality 3D tiled surface models. The obtained models allow the geometric quantification of earthquake deformations (displacements, amplitudes, orientation, etc.) in a GIS-based 3D environment suitable to quantify oriented damage of seismic origin. In a complementary way, these 3D models deserve to be considered for their potential role as digital seismoscopes of ancient archaeological sites and/or heritage buildings.
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Adjisuci, Arifah Fadhilah, Roni Sewiko, Sonny Mawardi und Anasri Anasri. „Utilization of Remote Sensing Images for Compiling The Characteristics Map of Indramayu Beach, West Java“. PELAGICUS 3, Nr. 3 (30.09.2022): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/plgc.v3i3.10120.
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The beach has an important role in the development and economy of a region. Therefore, it is important to understand the condition and characteristics of the coast so that it can be managed and developed wisely. One way to understand the condition of the beach is through making a map of the characteristics of the beach. A coastal characteristic map is a graphical representation of the conditions and characteristics of the geology, geography, and hydrology of a coast. Making a coastal characteristic map with remote sensing requires several steps, namely: 1). satellite data collection: Pre-processing satellite data; 2). classification of satellite data; 3). satellite data analysis; and finally 4). making a coastal characteristic map. The area that is the fabric material is the beach of Indramayu Regency, West Java. Based on the analysis and interpretation of 2015 Landsat 8 (LDCM) image data, 2020 Sentinel 2 Image data, BATNAS, and DEMNAS data, it is known that the characteristics of the Indramayu beach are that it has geo-quaternary building materials which include: (a) coastal bunds, ( b) swamp deposits, (c) shallow marine deposits, (d) sand deposits, (e) flood plains, (f) river deposits, and (g) floodplain deposits. The morphology includes: (a) beach sand plains, (b) concave coastal swamps, (c) old beach bunds, (d) young beach bunds, (e) alluvial plains, (f) flood plains, and (g) fan plains delta. Finally, it has a distribution of surface sediments on the seabed which includes: (a) sand, (b) silt, gravelly sand, (d) slightly gravelly silt, (e) slightly gravelly sandy mud, and (f) gravelly mud.
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Karsznia, Krzysztof, Edward Osada und Zbigniew Muszyński. „Real-Time Adjustment and Spatial Data Integration Algorithms Combining Total Station and GNSS Surveys with an Earth Gravity Model“. Applied Sciences 13, Nr. 16 (18.08.2023): 9380. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13169380.
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During the dynamic development of modern technologies based on advanced algorithmic and instrumental solutions, it is essential to integrate geospatial data efficiently. Such an approach is applied in all geo-information services, especially mobile ones, and is helpful in, for example, precise navigation or effective risk management. One leading application is deformation monitoring (structural monitoring) and displacement control surveying. In addition, spatial data integration methods are used in modern accessibility analysis, Smart City ideas, tracing utility networks, and building information modelling (BIM). The last aforementioned technology plays a crucial role in architectural design and construction. In this context, it is crucial to develop efficient and accurate algorithms supporting data fusion, which do not strain the computing resources and operate efficiently online. This paper proposes an algorithm for real-time adjustment of integrated satellite GNSS (global navigation satellite system), total station, and Earth Gravitational Model (EGM) vertical direction data in a geocentric coordinate system based on a statistical general linear mixed model. A numerical example shows that the proposed algorithm of the online adjustment works correctly. The results of the online adjustment are the same as those of the offline adjustment. It is also shown that the GNSS measurements are necessary only at the total station points in the spatial total station traverse. There is no need to add additional merging points of the total station positions because the differences between the results of the online adjustment, including and excluding the merging points, are very small (around 1–2 mm in standard deviation).
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Huang, Famu, Lei Huang, Ziheng Zhu, Min Zhang, Wenpeng Zhang und Xingwen Jiang. „A Logging Data Based Method for Evaluating the Fracability of a Gas Storage in Eastern China“. Sustainability 16, Nr. 8 (10.04.2024): 3165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16083165.
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Underground storage of natural gas has the characteristics of clean and low-carbon, and has the ability to provide a sustainable and stable supply. It is a very high-quality green energy that can increase the storage efficiency of gas storage through fracturing, achieving the sustainable development goal of “Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality”. To improve the storage efficiency of natural gas, it is necessary to carry out refracturing. Moreover, it is of great significance to estimate the fracability of the potential refracturing formation. At present, research on fracability is mainly based on qualitative characterization or quantitative evaluation based on rock mechanics and fracturing construction parameters, which cannot fully reflect the rock composition and structure of each stage. Firstly, based on logging data, this paper analyzes the evolution laws of strain energy such as elastic properties, pre-peak dissipation energy, and post-peak fracture energy during the transition of rock materials from plastic deformation to brittle fracture from an energy perspective, and determines the key energy that affects the brittle characteristics of rocks. Secondly, a brittleness index evaluation approach has been established that can comprehensively reflect the mechanical properties of rocks during pre-peak deformation and post-peak damage stages. In addition, this article focuses on the impact of a reservoir stratigraphic environment by combining the influence of geo-stresses with the rock brittleness index, and proposes a new method for evaluating reservoir fracability. Finally, this paper conducts a study on the fracability evaluation of three wells in a gas storage facility in Eastern China. The results indicate that low modulus and fracability index are beneficial for fracturing, thereby improving the gas production and peak shaving ability of gas storage.
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Aguilar-Ruiz, Jesus S., Diana C. Pauca-Quispe, Cinthya Butron-Revilla, Ernesto Suarez-Lopez und Karla Aranibar-Tila. „Land Use Identification through Social Network Interaction“. Applied Sciences 12, Nr. 17 (27.08.2022): 8580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12178580.
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The Internet generates large volumes of data at a high rate, in particular, posts on social networks. Although social network data have numerous semantic adulterations and are not intended to be a source of geo-spatial information, in the text of posts we find pieces of important information about how people relate to their environment, which can be used to identify interesting aspects of how human beings interact with portions of land based on their activities. This research proposes a methodology for the identification of land uses using Natural Language Processing (NLP) from the contents of the popular social network Twitter. It will be approached by identifying keywords with linguistic patterns from the text, and the geographical coordinates associated with the publication. Context-specific innovations are introduced to deal with data across South America and, in particular, in the city of Arequipa, Peru. The objective is to identify the five main land uses: residential, commercial, institutional-governmental, industrial-offices and unbuilt land. Within the framework of urban planning and sustainable urban management, the methodology contributes to the optimization of the identification techniques applied for the updating of land use cadastres, since the results achieved an accuracy of about 90%, which motivates its application in the real context. In addition, it would allow the identification of land use categories at a more detailed level, in situations such as a complex/mixed distribution building based on the amount of data collected. Finally, the methodology makes land use information available in a more up-to-date fashion and, above all, avoids the high economic cost of the non-automatic production of land use maps for cities, mostly in developing countries.
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Satish, Nithya, Swathi M und Benita Roy M. „Intelligent Cross-axis Solar Power Tracking System“. SciWaveBulletin 01, Nr. 01 (2023): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.61925/swb.2023.1105.
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The sun is an abundant and powerful renewable energy resource that plays a crucial role in sustainable energy production. With efficient power generation in mind, here is a system designed to make intelligent judgements based on a condition so that the solar panel is always tilted towards the maximum sunlight. The hybrid intelligent cross-axis solar power tracking system is built using the microcontroller, light sensors, solar panel, and motors. Here, there are two methods used namely, the Sun Position Algorithm and the other is using the sensors. The algorithm uses the azimuth angle and the sun’s altitude to identify the position of the sun depending on the geo location. For maximum power generation from the solar panel, we use the sensor-based technique tocome into picture whenever the output voltage is less than the fixed threshold voltage using the Sun Position Algorithm.
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Lee, Seungjoo. „The dual challenge of geopolitics/geoeconomics and South Korea’s economic security strategy: Continuity and Change“. Korean Association of Area Studies 42, Nr. 1 (30.03.2024): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.29159/kjas.42.1.1.
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This article sheds light on the dual nature of South Korea's economic security strategy: long-term continuity and changes that reflect structural shifts in the internal and external environment. South Korea’s economic security strategy has undergone several phases of transformation from the early 1960s to the present, while maintaining continuity. The continuities of South Korea’s economic security strategy are the combination of geopolitics and geo-economic responses, the lack of economic coercion, the mercantilist character, and the industrial policy-based strategy. One can also find a change in South Korea’s economic security strategy in that it closely integrates high technology into its economic security strategy. Specifically, it involves reducing vulnerabilities in the supply chain of high-tech industries, strengthening high-tech capabilities, and combining industrial policy and high-tech strategies.
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Odnokopilov, Georgiy I., und Dmitriy Yu Sarkisov. „EXPERIENCE IN CREATING STANDS FOR TESTING REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES OF CRITICAL OIL AND GAS FACILITIES“. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University Geo Assets Engineering 334, Nr. 10 (31.10.2023): 140–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18799/24131830/2023/10/4250.
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Link for citation: Odnokopylov G.I., Sarkisov D.Yu. Experience in creating stands for testing reinforced concrete structures of critical oil and gas facilities. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. Geo Аssets Engineering, 2023, vol. 334, no. 10, рр. 140-152. In Rus. The relevance of the work is caused by the increased probability of short-term shock and explosive dynamic loads due to terrorist acts and other emergency situations affecting the construction structures of critical buildings and structures of oil and gas facilities. An example of such impacts is the recent terrorist attack on the Nord Stream gas pipelines. Due to the large number of parameters affecting the physical process of deformation of structures with this type of impact, experimental research is currently an integral part of scientific research in this area. Such studies are especially relevant for reinforced concrete structures, which, on the one hand, are very widely used in construction, and on the other, have a complex nonlinear nature of deformation. To conduct experimental research, it is necessary to design and implement specialized stands, with the help of which it is possible to create a short-term dynamic effect on the structure. A review of the literature data has shown that test stands based on drop-weight stands are most often created for conducting such studies. In such stands, the energy of a falling load is used to destroy structures. It follows from the above that the design and improvement of stands for research of reinforced concrete structures on the effect of short-term dynamic loads is an urgent task of practical importance. The purpose of the work is to describe the structures of the test stands created on the basis of the drop-weight stand in the laboratory of the Reinforced Concrete and Stone Structures Department, Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, to identify their main advantages and indicate disadvantages; as well as to state further development paths in the field of design and implementation of such stands. Methods: theoretical analysis of literature and Internet sources, modeling, experimental research. Results. Various modifications of test stands based on a drilling rig for research of reinforced concrete structures have been designed and implemented. The main advantages and disadvantages of such stands are shown and further ways of their development are formulated.
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Konoshonkin, Dmitry V., Valeriy S. Rukavishnikov, Andrey S. Shadrin, Anton E. Antonov und Karina A. Kupriyanova. „CALIBRATION OF A ONE-DIMENSIONAL MECHANICAL EARTH MODELS USING GEOMETRIC APPROXIMATION OF BOREHOLE BREAKOUTS“. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University Geo Assets Engineering 334, Nr. 7 (28.07.2023): 102–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18799/24131830/2023/7/4071.
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Link for citation: Konoshonkin D.V., Rukavishnikov V.V., Shadrin A.S., Antonov A.E., Kupriyanova K.A. Calibration of a one-dimensional mechanical earth models using geometric approximation of borehole breakouts. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. Geo Аssets Engineering, 2023, vol. 334, no. 7, рр. 102-110. In Rus. The relevance. Mechanical earth modeling is widely used in various fields of science and technology. In the oil and gas industry, one-dimensional mechanical earth models are used to analyze wellbore stability, to design hydraulic fracturing, to assess the probability of sand production with oil and gas flow, and as input data for three-dimensional mechanical earth models. One-dimensional mechanical earth models are very demanding on the volume and quality of the initial data, for example, when calibrating the model to define the uniaxial compression strength and horizontal stresses, borehole imager data are required, which are usually not recorded in all wells and in whole interval. At the same time, almost every well has caliper data. Therefore, solving the problem of calibration of a one-dimensional mechanical earth model using more accessible caliper data is an urgent problem, the solution of which will allow building calibrated geomechanical models for a larger number of wells. The main aim: to develop an approach for calibration of one-dimensional mechanical earth models based on well caliper data. Methods: geometric approximation, analysis of laboratory studies, as well as analytical methods for calculating the stress-strain state near the well wall. Results. The paper introduces the equations and the algorithm to define the stresses and uniaxial compression strength of rocks using geometric approximation of borehole breakouts according to caliper data in wells.
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Mingaleva, Tatiana A., Sergey V. Shakuro und Alexey S. Egorov. „FEATURES OF THE STRUCTURE AND NATURE OF POLLUTION OF THE UPPER PART OF THE SECTION OF OIL STORAGE FACILITIES IN THE VOLGA RIVER VALLEY“. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University Geo Assets Engineering 334, Nr. 7 (28.07.2023): 137–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.18799/24131830/2023/7/4035.
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Link for citation: Mingaleva T.A., Shakuro S.V., Egorov A.S. Features of the structure and nature of pollution of the upper part of the section of oil storage facilities in the Volga River valley. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. Geo Аssets Engineering, 2023, vol. 334, no. 7, рр. 137-147. In Rus. The relevance of the study is caused by the fact that soil pollution with oil products has a complex dynamic character in the spatio-temporal region. Therefore, the physical properties of soils in solving geophysical problems of contouring and determining the thickness of pollution can change under the influence of various factors, expanding the range of search signs of pollution. Determination of physical parameters for areas of oil pollution, similar in nature of development and geological conditions, can help in the future for the effective parameterization of hydrocarbons in soils. The main aim is to build a generalized model with physical properties (electrical resistivity, сompressional and shear-wave velocities) for the soils of long-term oil depot territories. Methods: analysis of literary sources on the research topic; processing and interpretation of field geophysical material for tank farms located on the banks of the Volga River; building a generalized model with a description of the physical characteristics of soils based on the results of geophysics for the soils of tank farms. Results. The authors have studied the nature of soil pollution of two oil depots in the Volga River region using materials published in domestic and foreign literature, which made it possible to substantiate the parameters of a generalized physical-geological model of soil pollution of oil depots. In the general case, the distribution of pollution areas is subject to the features of the geological structure and hydrogeological regime of the areas under consideration and generally includes five zones (the upper area, the area of pollution above the free-flow horizon, the area of seepage in the hydrogeological window, the area of groundwater pollution, the zone of secondary accumulation). This model can be used to predict the nature of pollution in tank farms, loading and unloading points, car repair shops, washing sites and gas stations located near river and lake basins. The model of distribution of oil products in soils will be complex, which will also be expressed in geophysical sections.
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Ahn, Euijeong. „A Study on the Register of College Students’ Writing“. Korean Association for Literacy 14, Nr. 6 (31.12.2023): 209–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37736/kjlr.2023.12.14.6.07.
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Based on college students’ writing data, this study investigated various uses via basic quantitative analysis, measurement of colloquialism, and comparative analysis of usage. In Chapter 3, the length of sentences by registers was measured. As a result, self-introduction and photo image writing had the shortest sentences, while proposal writing had the longest. Lexical diversity analysis revealed that travel writing had the lowest lexical diversity, and photographic image writing had the highest. Lastly, the vocabulary density was highest in proposal writing and the lowest in self-introduction, and all six registers showed values lower than the average vocabulary density of previously measured Korean written texts.
A comparison of colloquial features measures in six registers and a usage analysis of specific vocabulary were performed in Chapter 4. First, we examined the distribution of 16 particles identified as highly colloquial vocabulary in existing research. Next, we compared and organized the usage of the dependent noun “geo” and the common noun “ttae” with high colloquiality scores by region of use. Influenced by, the incorrect use of the frequently used common noun “bubun” was also examined through usage analysis.
We presente d a variety of quantitative measurement methods used in corpus linguistics, which is expected to be of considerable help in college writing research, where corpus linguistics research is relatively less advanced. In addition, sub-corpus were created and compared by register, and the writing data produced by individual students can also be quantitatively analyzed using the same method. In other words, through this comparative work, a student’s writing ability can be qualitatively measured and presented.
In addition, supplementing and organizing the usage analysis performed in this study into a collection of usages will make it possible to use it as specific sentence usages in the development of writing textbooks or writing education at colleges in the future.
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Burka, Volodymyr. „Scientific-technical progress and transport as essential factors of territorial organization of building-industrial complexes“. Науковий вісник Чернівецького університету : збірник наукових праць, Nr. 826 (27.11.2020): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/geo.2020.826.62-67.
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Industrialization calls significant changes into traditional methods of building and precondition the transfer of some portion of the process of building from building sites to steady-state plant conditions. It is now due to assemblable parts, prefabricated structures and plant production of ready-to-use oversize blocks and parts that that the scope of works on building sites is essentially resuced. The process of building is characteristic for different forms of its organization that manifests itself in specialization, concentration, cooperation and combination. Development of these forms results in deeper specialization of labor, as well as in deepening of sectoral and technological specialization supported by transport means. A scope of building and assembly within specific territory leads to concentration of big number of building organizations. Concentration of building-related companies and organizations predefines the necessity of coordination of their efforts. The speed of construction requires still deeper specialization. The stage-based process of building rooted in by the technologies requires strict organization between inter-unit attachments that produce building materials, parts and constructions, and those that build. The pre-planned organization between the participants of the process of building is reached by way of cooperation. Coordination of the scope of building between the companies and organizations is executed by the general contraction organization that is responsible for the whole construction. Cooperation of contracting and subcontracting general building and special organizations is helpful in such coordination and timely completion of works. It is due to transport that cooperation involves local and remote companies and organizations. In the aspect of territory, these companies and organizations form district inter-district, regional, inter-regional, and international links that make up the basis for the formation of building-industrial complexes. Development of the levels and forms of territorial organization of building-industrial complexes depends on the scope of building, natural and economic specificities of the area, and the level of provision with material-technical and industrial-material bases, etc. Carpathian administrative oblasts are the territories with sufficiently developed material-technical and industrial-material bases. This means that they possess highly qualified staff and may use the systems of special highly productive building machines and mechanisms, implement automation of some technological operations, and, with well-organized transport system, therefore improve territorial forms of the process of building. Transport within the system of productions in building industry has internal and external functions. The internal function of transport lies in provision of technological processes of building (technological transport). The material-technical basis of this kind of transport is predominantly concentrated in building-related companies and organizations. The external function is performed by transport means that provide the process of building with necessary material resources. It is, as a rule, the transport of different companies and organizations that specialize in distant transportations. Their material base has no relation to the same of the building industry. The level of development of internal transport depends on equipment status of building companies and organizations, and building technological achievements on the level of country and some of its regions. The level of development of external transport is provided by the level of development of the whole transport system of the state and its each separate region in particular. In both cases, transport represents an important factor that effects on the formation of building-industrial complexes of every level of development. The division into internal and external transport is conventional, since each of them can perform both functions. The work of the transport system significantly depends on the development of transport network, which is too far in Ukraine from the present-day world standards. However, the transport means themselves used in this country are in the majority of cases the production of known world companies. Geographical disposition and specificities of economic development have predefined the formation of practically all types of transport on the territory of Ukraine. Railway and automobile transport are the leading types in all economic rayons of the country, while pipeline, water and air kinds of transport are well developed in some other rayons. The total length of public road network in Ukraine was 169,5 thousand km in 2019, railway lines – 22,0 thousand km, river navigable waterways – 2,3 thousand km. Automobile roads and railway constitute the basis of the transport network in the Carpathian oblasts. The highest density of roads is found in the Lviv Oblast (over 60 km/1000 km2. The best provision with auto-roads is observed in the Chernivtsi and the Lviv oblasts. It is only natural that mountain regions suffer from worse provision with communications than those in plain and pre-mountain territories. Automobile and railway transport play the key role in provision of the process of building.
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NESTEROVA, VICTORIA, und VALENTINA SAMKOVA. „GALLERY SPACE AS A PLACE FOR PRESTIGE DEMONSTRATION (BASED ON THE MATERIALS FROM AUTHOR'S RESEARCH STUDIES, INTERVIEWS, AND ART GALLERIESWEBSITES)“. Культурный код, Nr. 4 (2020): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.36945/2658-3852-2020-4-19-28.
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Our professional interest is determined by the format of creativity in the urban environment and the motives of a creative subject. Today, there is apparent interest in the formation of new incentives for the creative activity of the subject. The main function of creative urban spaces is to arrange a creative environment where new creative ideas are being formed. From the point of view of social statistics, marketing and management, image building and geo-branding, the creative space can be defined, as a special infrastructure where you can create not only events, but also find supporters, employees, as well as partners for the implementation of innovative socially significant projects. Art projects of gallery spaces are a platform for creative industries producing new meanings, and the image of gallery spaces is increasingly becoming an iconic place or place (podium) for demonstrating the prestige of intellectual elites.
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Prokopova, M. V. „Flooding Hazard Assessment of Built-Up Lands Using Modern Geographic Information Systems“. Modern Trends in Construction, Urban and Territorial Planning 1, Nr. 2 (26.12.2022): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/2949-1835-2022-1-2-23-32.
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Introduction. The construction and operation of buildings and structures on the banks of rivers and other water reservoirs with rapidly changing water level are associated with the hazard of territories flooding and underflooding, which can lead to major material damage and even endanger the life and health of people. It’s very important to make a reliable forecast of floodable and underfloodable zones and to develop possible engineering protection measures for such territories, as well as evacuation or rescue plans for cases of emergency. In this article by the example of 2 allocated for construction potentially flooded plots in the Tuapse district of the Krasnodar region, the quantitative flooding hazard assessment is carried out based on the use of the geographic information system QGIS.Materials and methods. In the study there were used: the analysis of existing methods for assessing underflooding and flooding of territories; the long-term observation materials of the water level in rivers and of the largest floods on the studied plots; the analysis of methods of engineering protection of territories from underflooding and flooding; the hydrogeological and hydrological processes modeling using the modern geo information system QGIS; the development of recommendations for engineering protection of the built-up lands and for design of buildings’ and structures’ bases and foundations.Results. As a result of modeling of the underflooding and flooding processes of 2 plots of the prospective built-up lands of the Tuapse district of Krasnodar region in the geo information system QGIS, the boundaries of potential flooding zones and varying probability water rise levels have been identified. Graphical results of modeling in the QGIS system have been presented and graphs of flooding and underflooding levels have been plotted in given sections and along plot’s outline.Discussion and Conclusions. The boundaries of the most hazardous built-up lands have been identified and the engineering protection measures have been reasoned for them. Recommendations have been developed on design and construction of buildings and structures on the plots taking into account the forecasted hazards of underflooding and flooding.
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Chen, Dan, Jiaying Su und Jianping Ye. „The Geo-Distribution and Spatial Characteristics of Tulou Dwellings in Chaozhou, Guangdong, China“. Buildings 13, Nr. 9 (22.08.2023): 2131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13092131.
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Tulou dwellings in Southeast China have captivated global interest due to their distinctive appearance, sustainable construction materials and technologies, and their defensive and collective housing functions. Despite several being recognized as World Cultural Heritage sites, the vast majority of tulou buildings are undergoing irreversible decline and destruction, necessitating a comprehensive and systematic study. Taking 83 tulou buildings in Raoping County, Chaozhou City, Guangdong Province as the research object, this study reconstructs the historical scenes and systematically reveals the emergence, popularity, and consolidation process of tulou dwellings as integrated defensive and residential buildings for ordinary people by conducting a comprehensive analysis of historical documents and local chronicles. Based on an extensive field investigation, the study systematically analyzes the geospatial distribution and the spatial characteristics of Raoping tulou and its residential unit. The results demonstrate the adaptability and flexibility of tulou dwellings, showcasing their developmental process and revealing the inclusive nature of these traditional residences, as well as the initiative of those who reside within them. The research findings contribute to a more dynamic, comprehensive, and authentic understanding of tulou and Chinese traditional residences, providing valuable references for the preservation and sustainable development of tulou architectural heritage.
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Heo, Jae, Hyounseok Moon, Soowon Chang, SangUk Han und Dong-Eun Lee. „Case Study of Solar Photovoltaic Power-Plant Site Selection for Infrastructure Planning Using a BIM-GIS-Based Approach“. Applied Sciences 11, Nr. 18 (21.09.2021): 8785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188785.
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Evaluating the site-selection process for photovoltaic (PV) plants is essential for securing available areas for solar power plant installation in limited spaces. Although the vicinities of highway networks can be suitable for installing PV plants, in terms of economic feasibility, they have rarely been investigated because the impacts of various factors, including geographic or weather patterns, have not been analyzed. In this respect, this study conducts a case study on selecting the site for PV-panel installation in the vicinity of a highway (e.g., slopes) by integrating geographic information system (GIS) and building information model (BIM) techniques. Using location (e.g., highways, lakes, rivers), monthly solar power output, and orographic (e.g., slope) data, suitable regions are identified with the geo-spatial analysis; then, the amount of power that can be generated is evaluated in the regions. For the proposed sites, the surface conditions and potential PV systems are transformed and visualized in a BIM environment. In the results, the power output at optimal sites selected from the case area was computed at a total of 8227 MWh and was transformed into solar-panel families in three-dimensional environments. Thus, this study may help to identify optimal sites for PV plants in the unused areas near highways.
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Illankoon, W. A. M. A. N., Chiara Milanese, Alessandro Girella, Puhulwella G. Rathnasiri, K. H. M. Sudesh, Maria Medina Llamas, Maria Cristina Collivignarelli und Sabrina Sorlini. „Agricultural Biomass-Based Power Generation Potential in Sri Lanka: A Techno-Economic Analysis“. Energies 15, Nr. 23 (28.11.2022): 8984. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15238984.
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Worldwide energy costs have grown in recent years due to the dwindling global fossil fuel resources and the increased reliance on them for global energy production. This is a common scenario in many nations, including Sri Lanka. As a developing country, Sri Lanka should encourage the diversification of its renewable energy supplies using locally available resources. In this regard, Sri Lanka can promote the use of agricultural residues for energy generation. The present work explores the energy potential of the solid waste generated by the rice industry: rice straw (RS) and rice husk (RH). A new approach was developed using statistical data on rice production and paddy cultivation in each district of the island. The obtained data were integrated into a geographic information system (GIS) to provide geo-referenced results. A physico-chemical characterization of the RS and RH was conducted to correlate the properties of raw materials to their potential energy generation. As an energy generation technology, the grate-fired combustion boiler accompanied by steam turbine cycle (GFC/ST) was selected. Our findings show that the total energy capacity using by-products of the rice industry is estimated to be 2129.24 ktoe/year of primary energy, with a capacity of 977 Mwe, producing 5.65 TWh of electricity annually. An economic analysis shows ten districts have a high profit index (PI > 1). The districts with the highest PI values are Anuradhapura, Ampara, Polonnaruwa, and Kurunegala, with annual energy potentials of 286 ktoe, 279 ktoe, 231 ktoe, and 160 ktoe, respectively. This work aims to aid future policy decisions by identifying potential districts in which to develop infrastructure for energy generation using agricultural waste, thus reducing net greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) of Sri Lanka.
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Razumovskiy, R. O., E. A. Eremenko, S. I. Bolysov, Y. N. Fuzeina, V. A. Bogoliubskii, P. D. Zhuravlev, R. Y. Zhiba, A. A. Derkach, A. V. Bredikhin und R. S. Dbar. „RELIEF AND GEOMORPHOLOGIC HAZARDS IN THE URBAN AREAS OF ABKHAZIA“. Lomonosov Geography Journal 78, Nr. 1 (2023) (07.07.2023): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.55959/msu0579-9414-5-2023-1-65-80.
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Based on the results of geomorphologic surveys carried out in 2021-2022 with the involvement of published materials, an original largescale (from 1:25 000 to 1:100 000) description of relief of urban areas of the Republic of Abkhazia (Gagra, Pitsunda, Gudauta, Noviy Afon and Sukhum) was compiled, and unprec-edented general geomorphologic maps were prepared, with morphogenesis-based legends. According to their morphostructure position and geomorphologic structure, the cities are grouped as follows: 1) completely lying in the area of the coastalmarine relief (Pitsunda and Gudauta); 2) located mainly within the sea terraces and erosion-denudation hills (Sukhum and Gagra); 3) completely located in the low mountains with a predominance of strongly dissected structural-denudation, fluvial and slope relief (Noviy Afon). A field survey revealed about 300 areas with unfavorable and dangerous geomorphologic processes within the urban areas, 44% of them are in Sukhum, 26% in Gudauta, 11% in Gagra, 10% in Pitsunda, 9% in Noviy Afon. The leading geo-morphologic hazards in all spectra are suffusion, erosion and biogenic processes. A list of other processes in a spectrum is predetermined by the geomorphologic position of cities. The widest range, which in addition to the abovementioned processes, includes also karst, mudflows and landslide processes (i.e. the most dangerous ones), is typical for urban areas with a complex relief structure, abundant in steep slopes and located within a narrow strip separating the spurs of the Main Caucasian Range from the sea (Gagra, Noviy Afon). The risk of destruction of street infrastructure (roadbed, communications, etc.) by dangerous geomorphologic processes was qualitatively estimated and its high dependence on the geomorphologic position of a particular section of the city has been established. In particular, the distribution patterns of recorded unfavorable and dangerous geomorphologic processes made it possible to state that the most favorable conditions for the construction and operation of urban infrastructure and buildings in general are within the leveled surfaces of the Late Pleistocene marine terraces, as well as the upper levels of floodplain terraces in the valleys of large rivers. Other levels of relief have certain disadvantages that impede the development of territories. Thus, the construction on the surface of the Holocene marine terrace is possible only if the foundations are waterproofed and soil is dumped in the lower areas. The development of high sea terraces, erosion-denudation and structural-denudation relief is difficult because of the high density of erosion dissection.
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GRYNIUK, Oleg, und Antonina YURIEVA. „CREATING OF SPORTS MAPS FOR SECONDARY SCHOOL“. Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geography, Nr. 88-89 (2024): 40–45. https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2721.2024.88-89.5.
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Background. Modern education is impossible to imagine without gaining practical skills and abilities that are difficult to obtain only in the classrooms of the school. Training that forms practical competencies is more effective. Orienteering is a type of activity that combines physical, practical and intellectual components. This is effortless to do when organizing training sessions "plain air" in the green areas adjacent to university buildings. However, the deficit of appropriate cartographic material, namely the quality sports maps, prevents such training sessions for students. Thus, it is relevant to study the functionality of available GIS software. The purpose of this study is to reveal the possibility of using and the availability of sports orientation in general secondary education institutions and to develop an algorithm for creating a map and a route for conducting orientation with students on the example of Tetiiv Lyceum No. 2 of the Kyiv region. Methods. The research methodology is based on the analysis and generalization of geo-information software for creating sports maps, the analysis of the suitability of satellite images of the territory of Ukraine and other cartographic materials. The GIS mapping method was used - from the selection of the optimal projection and the corresponding coordinate system to the creation of a sports map in the Open Orienteering Mapper program. Results. The main stages of creating a sports map are: preparing the base map; mapping the territory - creating a map;distance planning;preparing the map for printing. To create a substrate, we recommend using the "SASPlanet" program. You can use the "Open Orienteering" program to create an actual cartographic work - a sports map. It is better to plan, create a race distance, design and prepare a map for printing in the "Purple Pen" program. The algorithm for creating a sports map with the possibility of further mapping with the help of free GIS support is presented on the example of the territory of the town of Tetiiv, Kyiv region. Conclusions. The practical significance and novelty lies in the fact that an algorithm and toolkit are presented for the full organization of classes, the acquisition of practical skills, and the holding of orienteering competitions on the territory of an educational institution.
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Kupriyanova, E. V., M. Yu Solomonova, E. D. Trubitsyna, N. N. Kashirskaya, M. O. Filimonova, A. S. Afonin, D. V. Sharapov, S. N. Ivanov und N. E. Ryabogina. „Interdisciplinary research of ash heap sediment near Stepnoye settlement (Chelyabinsk Oblast)“. VESTNIK ARHEOLOGII, ANTROPOLOGII I ETNOGRAFII, Nr. 4(63) (15.12.2023): 18–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.20874/2071-0437-2023-63-4-2.
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An ash heap is defined as a specific object at an archaeological site, usually in the form of a separate hillock containing a layer of finely-dispersed greyish-yellow or ash-coloured soil. The existing assumptions about the formation and functional pur-pose of ash heaps, as special archaeological objects found near the Bronze Age pastoral settlements, have so far been poorly supported by scientific data. At the ash heap near the Sintashta fortified settlement of Stepnoye, Chelyabinsk Oblast, for the first time, large-scale and comprehensive studies were carried out on the structure of these deposits, their granulometric and geo-chemical composition, in combination with the analysis of plant macroremains, paleoparasites, microbiomorphic and palynologi-cal complexes, indicative bacterial groups, and keratinophilic fungi. Judging by the archaeological materials, it is patently obvi-ous that this was a multifunctional object that developed over many centuries and played different roles at different stages. The results of the conducted analyses showed that the 45 cm thick “ash” horizon in the Stepnoye ash heap contains a significant proportion of a fine sand fraction, and not a silty fraction. An increase in the biophilic elements (predominantly calcium, as well as phosphorus and sulphur), accumulated mainly in the organic matter of faunal origin, was noted in the upper bench of the ash layer. However, the high concentration of phytoliths in the “ashy” deposits indicates that the layer was formed mainly as a result of the accumulation of a large amount of plant organic matter. The absence of charcoal and the scarcity of charred macro-remains indicate that the deposited organic material was not burnt but decomposed naturally. The increased content of sapro-trophic bacteria in the “ashy” layer also supports the natural decomposition of an organic matter. The composition of the phyto-lithic and pollen spectrum of the “ashy” horizon is not typical for the steppe of the south of Western Siberia, since it is dominated by a group of mixed herbs with elements of a ruderal flora, and not by cereals. All the data supports the hypothesis that the ash heap is the result of regular practice of cleaning of the floor and interiors of the buildings of the fortified settlement of Stepnoye. This is evidenced by the increase in the number of keratinophilic fungi, which decompose wool and hair and therefore accumu-late in the occupational layer of the structures. Based on the results of the study, the hypotheses that the Stepnoye ash heap is a place of consolidated ash removal or composting of stable manure were rejected.
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Zakamaldin, Andrei A., Filipp V. Perevoshchikov und Aleksandr A. Shilin. „EFFICIENT USE OF ELECTRIC ENERGY WHEN OPERATING A BALL MILL WITH A CONSTANT ROTATION SPEED“. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University Geo Assets Engineering 334, Nr. 9 (29.09.2023): 115–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18799/24131830/2023/9/4258.
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Link for citation: Zakamaldin A.A., Perevoshchikov F.V., Shilin A.A. Efficient use of electric energy when operating a ball mill with a constant rotation speed. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. Geo Аssets Engineering, 2023, vol. 334, no. 9, рр. 115-127. In Rus. The relevance. Ball mills are widely used in industry for grinding bulk materials, as well as in the last stages of ore crushing, where the required optimal particle sizes are achieved for enrichment. Although ball mills have a relatively simple design and cover extensive research, the industry is still struggling with the very low energy efficiency of the grinding process. As the retrofitting heavy equipment is the costliest approach, process optimization through control system is the most suitable for energy consumption reduction. As a rule, the feed rate is the main control variable for a mill with a constant rotation speed. Due to insufficient information content, outdated methods of analysis and control of the internal dynamics of the mill, control systems keep the target value of feed rate at a deliberately low level in order not to overload the mill. This article provides an explanation of how, in such a case, an increase in mill feed rate could affect the energy efficiency of grinding. The main aim: study of energy efficient modes of operation of stations; verification of models and confirmation of experimental data: the relationship between door loading and power consumption indicators; construction of buildings for energy efficient control of ball towers. Objects: the process of grinding in a ball tower with a constant rotation speed. Methods: mathematical description of the behavior of the electromechanical part of a machine that consumes current and works on a load in the form of spherical furniture; simulation modeling of the operation of the door electric drive; statistical analysis of production indicators. Results. The paper demonstrate the tendency to increase electricity consumption with a decrease in feed rate and vice versa, respectively for ball mills with a synchronous drive of 2500 kW based on modeling and experimental data. Increase in feed rate in the range of 10–40 t/h, there is a drop in active power by 0,48–1,57 %. The values of the specific power consumption of ~5–8 kWh/t during the grinding of apatite ore were obtained. An increase in productivity by 5 t/h on average leads to a decrease in the specific power consumption by 0,12 kWh/t. It is necessary to increase productivity in the operation of ball mills only after integrating measuring instruments into the control system of the mill, which allow an accurate assessment of the state of loading of the mill drum.
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Girhale, Laxmikant D. „USE OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A REVIEW“. INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 06, Nr. 02 (16.02.2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem11675.
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In the present day, Indian Economy is developing very fast paralleled to other countries in the world. Construction segment is the major contributor for this growth. It is one of the largest employers in India, employs 18 and 14 million people directly and indirectly respectively. In addition, migration from rural to urban areas in developing countries has increased significantly due to employment and other opportunities. Due to increasing urban population, the demand for housing has also increased exponentially. Building components such as foundation, floor, slab, columns, beams and masonry require a large amount of construction materials such as concrete, steel, bricks, mortar, etc. which directly or indirectly affects the environment and economy. This sector not only contributed in employment but also more than 250 industries such as cement, steel, wood and bricks and building materials are dependent on this sector. In construction sector, the use of cement is very extensive and it affects directly or indirectly on environment and economy. For every ton of cement production, about 900 kg of CO2 emits, which contributes to 5-7 % of total CO2 emission over the globe. Due to which, as an alternative solution, geo-polymer made from alkali activation of alumina silicates with lesser environmental impact and desired performance were investigated by researchers. These source materials are obtained from industrial wastes generated by agro industries, mine waste, construction and demolition waste, etc. Use of geo-polymer based construction materials has been increased significantly due to its high strength, eco-friendly and durable nature. Masonry is one of the important parts of building that consists of masonry unit, which is joined and finished by mortar. Application of geo-polymer mortar in masonry construction enhances the performance of the building as well it makes the masonry construction eco-friendly. Utilization of waste materials for partial or full replacement of cement in masonry mortar gives the sustainable solution. Use of sustainable materials derived from solid waste has been suggested through many studies. Human and industrial activities generate vast variety of solid waste. It becomes necessary to identify and characterize these waste which will create nuisance in environment, if left unattended. Keywords: construction materials, cement production, geo-polymer, sustainable materials, Co-firing
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Sadik, MD Shiyan, und Sakif Al Ehsan Khan. „Diplomatic Strategies in Addressing Climate-Induced Migration: A Critical Review of South Asian Nations“. North South Journal of Peace and Global Studies 1, Nr. 2 (01.08.2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.47126/nsjpgs.v1i2.03.
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Climate diplomacy's responsibility is to assure the successful and timely development of several complex international regimes, as well as its operation and monitoring to handle emerging difficulties. Climate diplomacy bridges the fundamental gap between regional interest disputes and cross-border cooperation. This review article is based on a secondary literature review where the climate diplomacy practices of the South Asian Nations have been critically evaluated based on treaties regarding climate issues and level of engagement in global climate forums, the impact of climate migration-related consequences, and the political responses and impact of regional geo-political practices. The historical occurrence of political and economic instability in South Asian countries has consistently resulted in the phenomenon of migration. Due to climate change, the rates of negative migration have further escalated. The primary focus of the essay is to illustrate the similarities and differences in various practices throughout South Asian countries, with each country's part being assessed individually based on the aforementioned elements. Furthermore, the objective of this essay is to assess the extent of potential collaboration initiatives in the future between these neighboring nations, taking into account geopolitical considerations.
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Van den Bergh, M. J. G. „O-098 Changing the IVF lab in qualitative way: tips on how to handle infrastructural changes in the cleanroom IVF lab“. Human Reproduction 37, Supplement_1 (29.06.2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deac104.117.
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Abstract The infrastructure of an IVF laboratory must include all the fundamental facilities and systems that ensure its continuous functionality according to standards stipulated in a quality management with the focus on continuous improvement. The values for the key performance indicators proposed by ESHRE are the ideal benchmarks for ensuring high quality. The geo-localisation of the laboratory or its implantation in an existing facility corresponds to the first level at which a qualitative improvement can possibly be made. When choosing a location, the quality of the outside air plays a primary role. Any possible source of air pollution, especially from volatile organic compounds, must be estimated beforehand and will determine the choice of the type of air filtration system. This choice can vary from large filter complexes on the roof to mobile indoor cartridge units. Useful information has been published in the Cairo consensus. The next level on which improvements can be made is the choice of building materials for the premises. The use of organic paints, polished concrete floors, floor, and ceiling tiles free from or containing low levels of VOCs must be preferred. Before the laboratory is put into operation, a period of degassing is usually recommended by raising the room temperature and vigorous ventilation. Despite numerous publications, too little attention is still paid to the light used in the laboratory. Red light is the least and blue the most harmful to embryo culture. Working with red light is difficult in practice but placing yellow filters in the microscopes and using “sleep mode” light offers a simple and cheap solution. Even if the current tendency is to let the embryo culture proceed undisturbed under video control, the Petri dishes must still be removed from the incubators for certain procedures. The cooling down during these operations is very fast but can be strongly reduced using heated plates with grooves that allow an exchange of heat on the basis of conduction. The infrastructure systems include all devices that must ensure the correct operation of the laboratory. Uninterrupted power supply is always present in hospitals, but small units must have it, even if power cuts are rare and usually short in our western countries. The infrastructure systems include all devices that must ensure the correct operation of the laboratory. Uninterrupted power supply is always present in hospitals, but small units must have it, even if power cuts are rare and usually short in our western countries. When selecting equipment, particular attention must be paid to the prompt availability of technical support. The staff must be well trained in the correct use of all devices. Maintenance and calibration must be planned on a regular basis. For laboratories with a long standing experience, it is always possible to introduce qualitative improvements based on the analysis of the risk management and fulfil the basis steps of a quality management: Plan-Do-Check-Act
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„Identification of biomarkers associated with melanoma based on bioinformatics analysis“. Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal, 02.12.2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.11.2787.
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Background: Melanoma is an aggressive tumor caused by melanocytes characterized by a poor prognosis at the stage of metastasis. Therefore, it is crucial to identify biomarkers for progression and prognosis for the treatment of melanoma. Objectives: The study aimed to identify the specific genes related to the prognosis of melanoma utilizing bioinformatics analyses. Methods: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between melanoma tissues and normal tissues were screened from the GSE 3,189 gene expression profile of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). A co-expression network was constructed by weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA). Functional enrichment analysis for DEGs was performed. The risk prognostic model and nomogram predictive model were established utilizing the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and Cox regression analysis. Results: Using the differential expression analysis and WGCNA, 1,408 DEGs were screened between melanoma tissues and normal tissues. Functional enrichment analysis proved that these genes primarily participated in the cell cycle and mitotic phase regulation in cancer. In addition, 17 optimal DEGs were identified for constructing the risk score prognostic model. Cox regression analysis further revealed that ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 4 (ENPP4) and FGR proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase (FGR) were the key genes significantly associated with survival. A nomogram prediction model was established for individual survival probability by integrating pathological T/N/M stage, age, ENPP4, and FGR. High FGR or ENPP4 expression indicated a better prognosis in melanoma patients. Conclusion: This study identified FGR and ENPP4 as potentially useful prognostic biomarkers for melanoma. The corresponding risk score prognostic model and nomogram may be a reliable tool for predicting the prognosis of melanoma patients.