Thematische Bibliographien / Gender and national identities

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Gender and national identities“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 8. Februar 2025

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Gender and national identities"

Hall, Catherine. „Gender, Nationalisms and National Identities: Bellagio Symposium, July 1992“. Feminist Review, Nr. 44 (1993): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1395198.

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Hall, Catherine. „Gender, Nationalisms and National Identities: Bellagio Symposium, July 1992“. Feminist Review 44, Nr. 1 (Juli 1993): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/fr.1993.23.

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Allison, Rachel, und Chris Knoester. „Gender, Sexual, and Sports Fan Identities“. Sociology of Sport Journal 38, Nr. 3 (01.09.2021): 310–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.2020-0036.

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Using data from the National Sports and Society Survey (N = 3,988), this study analyzes associations between gender, sexual, and sports fan identities. The authors find that only 11% of U.S. adults do not identify as sports fans at all; also, nearly half of U.S. adults identify as quite passionate sports fans. Women and nonbinary adults are less likely to identify as strong sports fans compared with men. Compared with identifying as heterosexual, identifying as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or another sexual identity is negatively associated with self-identified sports fandom. Yet, gender and sexuality interact such that identifying as gay (or lesbian) is negatively associated with men’s self-identified sports fandom but not women’s fandom. These findings persist even after consideration of adults’ retrospective accounts of their sports-related identities while growing up and their recognition of sports-related mistreatment.

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Casper, A. M. Aramati, Rebecca A. Atadero und Linda C. Fuselier. „Revealing the queer-spectrum in STEM through robust demographic data collection in undergraduate engineering and computer science courses at four institutions“. PLOS ONE 17, Nr. 3 (10.03.2022): e0264267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264267.

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Queer identities are often ignored in diversity initiatives, yet there is a growing body of research that describes notable heterosexist and gender-normative expectations in STEM that lead to unsupportive and discriminatory environments and to the lower persistence of queer individuals. Research on the experiences of queer-spectrum individuals is limited by current demographic practices. In surveys that are queer-inclusive there is no consensus on best practices, and individuals with queer genders and queer sexual, romantic, and related orientations are often lumped together in a general category (e.g. LGBTQ+). We developed two queer-inclusive demographics questions and administered them as part of a larger study in undergraduate engineering and computer science classes (n = 3698), to determine which of three survey types for gender (conventional, queered, open-ended) provided the most robust data and compared responses to national data to determine if students with queer genders and/or queer sexual, romantic, and related orientations were underrepresented in engineering and computer science programs. The gender survey with queer-identity options provided the most robust data, as measured by higher response rates and relatively high rates of disclosing queer identities. The conventional survey (male, female, other) had significantly fewer students disclose queer identities, and the open-ended survey had a significantly higher non-response rate. Allowing for multiple responses on the survey was important: 78% of those with queer gender identities and 9% of those with queer sexual, romantic and related orientations selected multiple identities within the same survey question. Queer students in our study were underrepresented relative to national data. Students who disclosed queer gender identities were 7/100ths of the expected number, and those with queer orientations were under-represented by one-quarter. Further work developing a research-based queered demographics instrument is needed for larger-scale changes in demographics practices, which will help others identify and address barriers that queer-spectrum individuals face in STEM.

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Green, Venus. „Race, Gender, and National Identity in the American and British Telephone Industries“. International Review of Social History 46, Nr. 2 (August 2001): 185–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859001000141.

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This article compares the racially heterogeneous, privately-owned American telephone industry, and the relatively homogeneous, publicly-owned British system, to examine how race and gender constructions implicit in the national identities of the two countries influence employment opportunities. For all the differences in the histories of the two telephone industries and variations in the construction of racial, national, and gender identities, blacks in the United States and Britain had remarkably similar experiences in obtaining employment as telephone operators. This leads to the conclusion that the power of national identity in the workplace is strongly based on “whiteness”. Despite their limited access to national identity, white women experienced advantages that were denied to black women, which illustrates how race modified the impact of gender on the privileges of national identity.

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von der Lippe, Gord. „Media Image: Sport, Gender and National Identities in Five European Countries“. International Review for the Sociology of Sport 37, Nr. 4 (01.12.2002): 371–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690202037004029.

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Quendler, Christian. „Framing National, Literary, and Gender Identities in Early American Epistolary Fiction“. Polysèmes, Nr. 11 (01.01.2011): 87–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/polysemes.642.

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Swami, Viren, Stefan Stieger, Martin Voracek, Toivo Aavik, Hamed Abdollahpour Ranjbar, Sulaiman Olanrewaju Adebayo, Reza Afhami et al. „Life satisfaction around the world: Measurement invariance of the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups“. PLOS ONE 20, Nr. 1 (22.01.2025): e0313107. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0313107.

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The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) is a widely used self-report measure of subjective well-being, but studies of its measurement invariance across a large number of nations remain limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset–with data collected between 2020 and 2022 –to assess measurement invariance of the SWLS across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups (N = 56,968). All participants completed the SWLS under largely uniform conditions. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis indicated that configural and metric invariance was upheld across all nations, languages, gender identities, and age groups, suggesting that the unidimensional SWLS model has universal applicability. Full scalar invariance was achieved across gender identities and age groups. Based on alignment optimisation methods, partial scalar invariance was achieved across all but three national groups and across all languages represented in the BINS. There were large differences in latent SWLS means across nations and languages, but negligible-to-small differences across gender identities and age groups. Across nations, greater life satisfaction was significantly associated with greater financial security and being in a committed relationship or married. The results of this study suggest that the SWLS largely assesses a common unidimensional construct of life satisfaction irrespective of respondent characteristics (i.e., national group, gender identities, and age group) or survey presentation (i.e., survey language). This has important implications for the assessment of life satisfaction across nations and provides information that will be useful for practitioners aiming to promote subjective well-being internationally.

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Yu, Lu, und Hong Ren. „An identity conflict perspective on female expatriate work adjustment“. Journal of Global Mobility 9, Nr. 3 (20.05.2021): 408–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgm-08-2020-0056.

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PurposeThis study aims to develop a model for female expatriate work adjustment from the identity conflict perspective.Design/methodology/approachThis is a theoretical paper that focuses on integrating the existing literature and proposing new constructive relationships.FindingsWe study female expatriates' adjustment processes in the work domain from the identity conflict perspective. Specifically, we categorize female expatriates' identities in the work domain into their gender identity and a work-related role identity cluster and propose that when gender identity is salient, unsupportive national and organizational cultures will lead to gender–work role identity conflicts and eventually result in maladjustment in the work domain.Originality/valueFirst, we suggest that female expatriates' work role identities can form a cluster that includes expatriate role, managerial role and occupational role identity. We further theorize how the gender role identity and the work-related role identity cluster of female expatriates interact to influence how they adjust to their work. Second, we explore two contingency factors – host organizational culture and host national culture–and explain how they influence the interaction between female expatriates' gender identity and work-related role identities. Finally, we introduce the concept of gender–work role identity conflict and theorize how it serves as the underlying mechanism linking female expatriate identity patterns and work adjustment.

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Dunne, Máiréad, Kathleen Fincham, Barbara Crossouard und Naureen Durrani. „Gender symbolism and the expression of post-colonial national and religious identities“. Social Identities 26, Nr. 3 (03.05.2020): 376–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504630.2020.1765765.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Gender and national identities"

Johnson, Nadia Indra. „Modernizing Nationalism: Masculinity and the Performance of Anglophone Caribbean Identities“. Scholarly Repository, 2009. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/350.

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This study examines Anglophone Caribbean national identities to interrogate multiple and varied economies that manage citizens in the interest of economic and social production and/or the policing of national identities. It is particularly concerned with the gendered character of these economies. The formation and preservation of these national identities rely heavily on gender and sexual difference as Anglophone Caribbean national identities are inextricably linked to expressions of Afro-Caribbean masculinity. Thus I analyze novels and cultural representations of Afro-Caribbean masculinity in cricket, calypso and chutney-soca music in Trinidad's carnival. I also examine Afro-Caribbean religions, Revivalism and Rastafarianism, as well as Afro-Caribbean practices of masking. I examine these practices in order to interrogate the reproduction of colonial practices of marginalization and exclusion. These colonial practices, I argue, are inherent in the cultural politics that inform these cultural performances while denying modes of national belonging that refuse dictated performances of national identities. The literary and cultural performances in this project span three epochs in Caribbean history: post emancipation, independence, and post independence to assess the shifting cultural landscapes that shape postcolonial subjectivities. In Sylvia Wynter's The Hills of Hebron and Orlando Patterson's The Children of Sisyphus, I examine sexual economies in which power is negotiated and contested in a struggle to chart the gendered borders of citizenship and production. I then turn to Lakshmi Persaud's For the Love of My Name to analyze violence exacted against ethnically marked national collectives as an instrument of political and economic aggression that disproportionately affects women. My critique of Earl Lovelace's The Dragon Can't Dance and contemporary performances in calypso and chutney-soca carnival competitions, considers how operative traditions seek to govern post-independent cultural politics. By drawing parallels between the formation of Afro and Indo-Trinidadian nationalisms, I argue that these identity formations establish cultural difference while also dictating cultural performances to advance and police national identities. Lastly, I engage Lovelace's Salt, Garfield Ellis' Such as I Have and contemporary discourses concerning cricket performance, remuneration, and women's limited access to cricket. I argue that cricket becomes a cultural commodity in the perpetuation of a regional national identity that is dependent on gender constructs. Thus this study demonstrates how representations of culture can be mobilized to challenge ideologies and political practices of exclusion, marginalize women in the formation and performance of national identities and govern cultural politics.

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Slivka, Jennifer A. „Strangers at Home: Threshold Identities in Contemporary Irish Women’s Writing“. Scholarly Repository, 2011. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/534.

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This dissertation examines how contemporary Irish women writers dismantle national conceptions linking Irish women to the hearth and home by offering an alternate version of women’s lived experience, which nationalist ideologies have simplified. I consider how these writers define “home”—the domestic, the familiar, the intimate—as complicated by sexuality, exile, and violence. Using Freud’s theory of the uncanny as a lens, I analyze how these writers question established social relations in order to uncover uneasy relationships to self, home, and homeland. In my project, postcolonial theory and transnational feminisms, coupled with trauma theory, facilitate the contextualization of the uncanny as a response to the hybrid identities, dislocations, and effects of violence on gender roles within the nation. The first two chapters examine Edna O’Brien’s later fiction, which unsettles conceptions of the nation by emphasizing the experiences of marginal figures, thereby questioning who belongs within the nation’s borders. The next two chapters on the fiction of Jennifer Johnston and Mary Beckett reveal how the crossing of the public into the private sphere exposes a paradoxical homespace that is both haven and prison for rich Anglo-Irish Dubliners and working-class Catholics in Belfast. The final chapter on Kate O’Riordan’s novels explores issues of exile, alienation, and trauma through a multi-generational lens, revealing how memories of “home” and fraught parent-child relationships at once hinder and facilitate identity formation. In the epilogue, I briefly discuss how contemporary Irish poetry could address the issues raised by the works of fiction examined in my project.

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Al-Ansari, Mae. „Masked in the Protective Act: Women, Public Housing & the Construction of ''Modern/National'' Identities in Kuwait“. University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1479817691274608.

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Bowes, Ali. „That's what I am, I'm an England player : exploring the gendered, national and sporting identities of England's elite sportswomen“. Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/12122.

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According to Robinson (2008), England exists more in imagination than it does anywhere else, except on the sports field. However, Englishness remains relatively unexplored in discussions of sporting nationalism. For so long, academics have focused on the ways in which male sport plays a key role in (re)producing national identities, with the contribution of women to the relationship between sport and national identity formation undeniably ignored. Based on interviews with 19 elite sportswomen from England s netball, football, rugby and cricket teams, this thesis examines the relationship between gendered, national and sporting identities, giving a voice to England s heroines of sport . These sports were chosen as the women had only represented England, rather than Great Britain, in international sport. Few research studies have adopted this approach of speaking to athletes about their national identities, although significantly, those that have were not concerned with women (see Tuck, 1999; Tuck and Maguire, 1999; McGee and Bairner 2011). The challenge was not only to integrate personal experiences into discussions of sport and national identity, but also to try to incorporate gender into these very discussions. The question here is whether women s sport has a place in the national imagination, and how do those very women who embody their nation on the field of play articulate their experiences. Central to this research is an understanding of the ways in which we perform aspects of our identity. Building on work by Butler (1990) and Edensor (2002), we can understand how international sport provides a site where multiple identities are performed. Findings suggest that performances of femininities are contextual, and that elite sport is an arena where displays of heteronormative femininity are inappropriate. In addition, sport serves to clarify imaginings of Englishness, where previously it may have been confused or conflated with conceptions of Britishness. What was clear throughout the research, however, was the performative nature of the participants identities, as well as the way in which their identities can be conceptualised as multiple and fluid, subject to change depending upon context and circumstance.

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Stepaniuk, Nataliia. „Lives Punctuated by War: Civilian Volunteers and Identity Formation Amidst the Donbas War in Ukraine“. Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38235.

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This dissertation examines civilian mobilization amidst the Donbas war in Ukraine and the identity formation processes that it engendered. It focuses on ordinary residents of the frontline regions who voluntarily got together to address the humanitarian and military consequences of war in the absence of state support. It explores the micro-level dynamics of mobilization, particularly the demographic profile of volunteers, their motivations to join and their pathways to engagement. In so doing, it provides an account of how ordinary residents of seemingly passive regions became active in times of crisis. I use the concept of “identity formation” to analyze how war and war engagement have impacted citizen, gender, national and language identities of those active at the rear. The outbreak of war shattered habitual ways of thinking and acting and brought about new modes of belonging and meaning making for war volunteers. My findings suggest that successful volunteer efforts in wartime allowed volunteers to position themselves differently with respect to community, nation, and the state and to articulate new understandings of “good citizenship.” The shifting positioning of volunteers, as the research demonstrates, is inherently linked to the changing citizen regimes in Ukraine and the gendered conceptions of who counts as a legitimate member of the community. By employing ethnographic tools of inquiry, the dissertation provides an ethnographic account of wartime social change “from below” and speaks to larger social and political transformations in wartime using Ukraine as a case study. It does so with attention to the social-political environment within which collective action occurs and in relation to the new types of mobility, socializing and bonding it engenders.

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Mitchell, June. „Skirting Scottish issues : an investigation of how Scottish women explore national and gender identities in contemporary novels, newspaper articles and informational television programmes 1997-2000“. Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364826.

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Rennie, Carol. „Negotiating identities : sex, gender and nation in the fiction of women writers from Taiwan“. Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25116.

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This thesis examines the discourses on Chinese identity, particularly female identity, in the fiction of three women writers from Taiwan. It provides a comprehensive summary of the published fiction of Chen Ruoxi, Ouyang Zi and Li Li from 1962 to 2000, referring also to the work of other contemporary women writers and the Taiwan literary scene. It analyses the work in detail on the topics of sexuality, gender roles and national identity within the critical frameworks provided by feminist literary theory, postcolonial theory and diaspora studies. Chen Ruoxi was born in Taiwan to a Taiwanese family of humble origins; Ouyang Zi was born in Japan to an elite Taiwanese family; Li Li was born in mainland China and grew up in an army village in southern Taiwan. They all graduated from National Taiwan University in the 1960s, beginning their literary careers in the student-run journal Modern Literature (Xiandai wenxue). Like many other influential writers of their generation, they went on to study and settle in the United States, continuing to publish in Chinese for readers in Taiwan, Hong Kong and the People’s Republic of China. Their backgrounds represent a spectrum of Taiwanese experience and their work, still read today, encompasses most the main literary trends in Taiwan in the later half of the twentieth century: Modernism (xiandai wenxue), Nativism (xiangtu wenxue), overseas literature (haiwai wenxue), and women’s literature (nüxing wenxue). A prominent theme in women’s literature is relationships between the sexes. My investigation of literary portrayals of sex and desire explores the production of meanings around female sexuality for Taiwan readers, according the literature its own roles as an influential cultural practice which structures and reproduces as well as contests cultural perceptions, values and norms. My analysis looks at depictions of adolescent desire, the construction and deconstruction of the Orientalised East and the sexualised West, and explores the discourses that create the Chinese woman as a desiring, or desirable, individual.

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Gündoğdu, Nehir. „Children's construction of gender and national identities with respect to preschool policy and practice : a case study of two preschool classrooms in Turkey“. Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/81989/.

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Children engage with diverse policies and practices in early years institutions. The aim of this study is to show how this relationship plays a part in children‘s construction of gender and national identities. Identity construction is a complex and ongoing process that involves both the individual themselves and others. In this process what identities schools offer and how children interpret these identities in their making meaning of themselves is the main concern of this research. Therefore it is important to understand which discourses are available for children and how they reproduce or challenge them to perform their identities. In order to understand these complex relations, this research was conducted in two preschool classrooms in Ankara, the capital city of Turkey,during a six-month period of fieldwork with intervals. The data were gathered from classroom observations, interviews with forty-seven children aged 4-5, two preschool teachers, two head teachers and two assistants of head teachers, as well as an analysis of curriculum and some policy documents. The analyses reveal that most of the time children follow and reproduce dominant discourses that are available to them. While children try to do their gender right by performing hegemonic masculinity and emphasising femininity forms, the dominant national discourse, Atatürk nationalism, is used by children to do their national identity right. However it was also found that children are aware that doing their identities right brings them advantages and by knowing this some children take risks to perform other ways of being. Conducting the fieldwork in two classrooms showed how the approaches and ideas of teachers and schools influence children‘s staying within or crossing boundaries in their identity construction. It is safe to say that the children tended to follow the dominant discourses of the teachers‘ approaches and ideas in terms of certain ways of being. At this point the Turkish education system aims to make the Other into the Same (Dahlberg & Moss, 2005) rather than offering and welcoming other ways of being.

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Valenius, Johanna. „Undressing the maid gender, sexuality, and the body in the construction of the Finnish nation /“. Helsinki : Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, 2004. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/57066846.html.

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Shahriari, Soheila. „Transnational political engagement and gendered reconfiguration of national imaginary among Kurds in the West in the post-Rojava Revolution era“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024EHES0090.

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Cette recherche examine les raisons, les mécanismes et les conséquences sous-jacents à la dynamique diversifiée et intensifiée de l'engagement politique parmi les Kurdes à travers l'Occident depuis la révolution du genre au Rojava. La première partie, qui comprend les deux premiers chapitres, met en lumière les raisons qui poussent les participants à la recherche, en particulier la jeune génération, à s'engager dans la défense du mouvement kurde dans son ensemble et, plus spécifiquement, de la cause du Rojava, en se penchant sur leurs expériences vécues du genre et de l'identité kurde, deux identités contestées dans un contexte transnational. En outre, elle se concentre sur la reconfiguration du spectre politique kurde depuis la révolution du Rojava. La deuxième partie, qui englobe les quatre chapitres suivants, examine minutieusement les perspectives des participants à la recherche sur les différentes facettes de l'expérience du Rojava. Ce faisant, elle examine les significations et l'importance que les participants attribuent à la bataille de Kobané en particulier et au projet politique plus large du Rojava. Elle analyse également leurs critiques de la performance politique des acteurs du Rojava, ainsi que leurs critiques de la politique étrangère occidentale à l'égard de la question kurde dans son ensemble et du Rojava en particulier. La troisième partie, qui comprend les trois derniers chapitres, met en lumière les principales dynamiques de l'engagement politique kurde transnational dans l'ensemble de l'Occident après la révolution du Rojava. L'analyse empirique s'appuie sur plus de 101 entretiens menés auprès d'un large éventail de Kurdes, dont des politiciens, des artistes, des universitaires et d'autres personnes résidant principalement en Europe occidentale (notamment en France, en Angleterre, en Allemagne, en Belgique, en Suisse et en Suède) et, dans une moindre mesure, en Nouvelle-Zélande, au Canada et aux États-Unis. La révolution du Rojava, avec son immense puissance douce et son bilan démocratique à l'échelle mondiale, marque un tournant dans la (re)formation de l'imaginaire collectif et de la praxis politique des participants à la recherche concernant divers aspects de la politique kurde ainsi que de l'identité collective. Cela inclut la restructuration du spectre politique kurde et la reconfiguration de l'imaginaire national en fonction du genre. Par conséquent, il sera avancé que la révolution a apporté de nouvelles dynamiques à l'engagement politique kurde transnational dans l'ère post-Rojava. Trois dynamiques principales ont été identifiées: Premièrement, les efforts déployés par les acteurs politiques kurdes, principalement mais pas exclusivement, pour retirer le PKK de la liste des organisations terroristes de l'UE. Deuxièmement, les effets domino de cette révolution dans toute la région du Moyen-Orient et en Occident, illustrés par son slogan féministe kurde, Jin Jiyan Azadi, qui s'est transformé en une protestation nationale contre le régime théocratique de la République islamique d'Iran et a ensuite gagné l'Occident, principalement, mais pas exclusivement, par le biais des communautés iranienne et kurde depuis septembre 2022. Enfin, la montée des acteurs politiques kurdes en tant que force motrice du processus de démocratisation au Moyen-Orient, bien qu'ils soient statistiquement minoritaires, en s'appuyant sur les antécédents démocratiques des acteurs kurdes, notamment illustrés par le HDP en Turquie, la révolution du genre au Rojava et le mouvement "Femme, Vie, Liberté" en Iran
This research investigates the underlying rationale, mechanisms and consequences behind the diversified and intensified dynamics of political engagement among Kurds across the West since the gender revolution in Rojava. The first part, comprising the first two chapters, sheds light on the reasons driving research participants, particularly the younger generation, to engage in advocacy for the Kurdish movement as a whole and, more specifically, for the cause of Rojava, by delving into their lived experiences of gender and Kurdish identity as both contested identities in a transnational setting. Furthermore, it focuses on the reconfiguration of the Kurdish political spectrum since the Rojava revolution. The second part, encompassing the four subsequent chapters, scrutinizes research participants' perspectives on various facets of Rojava's experiment. In doing so, it examines the meanings and importance that participants ascribe to the Kobane battle in particular and to the broader Rojava political project. It also analyzes their critiques of the political performance of the Rojava actors, as well as their criticisms of Western foreign policy towards the Kurdish question as a whole and Rojava in particular. The third part, consisting of the last three chapters, throws light on the main dynamics of transnational Kurdish political engagement across the West in the post-Rojava revolution era. The empirical analysis draws from insights gleaned from over 101 interviews conducted with a diverse range of Kurdish individuals, including politicians, artists, academics, and others residing primarily in Western Europe (including France, England, Germany, Belgium, Switzerland, Sweden), and to a lesser extent in New Zealand, Canada, and the United States. The Rojava revolution, with its immense soft power and democratic record on a global scale, marks a turning point in (re) shaping the collective imagination and political praxis of research participants regarding various aspects of Kurdish politics as well as collective identity. This includes the restructuring of the Kurdish political spectrum and the gendered reconfiguration of the national imaginary. Therefore, it will be argued that the revolution has brought new dynamics to transnational Kurdish political engagement in the post-Rojava era. Three main dynamics have been identified: Firstly, the endeavors of mainly, but not exclusively, Kurdish political actors to remove the PKK from the EU's list of terrorist organizations. Secondly, the domino effects of this revolution throughout the Middle East region and the West, epitomized by its Kurdish feminist slogan, Jin Jiyan Azadi, which has evolved into a national protest against the theocratic regime of the Islamic Republic of Iran and then gained traction across the West, primarily but not exclusively through the Iranian and Kurdish communities since September 2022. And finally the rise of Kurdish political actors as a driving force for the democratization process in the Middle East, despite being statistically a minority, drawing on the democratic track record of Kurdish actors, notably exemplified by the HDP in Turkey, the gender revolution in Rojava and the "Woman, Life, Freedom" movement in Iran

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Bücher zum Thema "Gender and national identities"

Linda, Alcoff, und Mendieta Eduardo, Hrsg. Identities: Race, class, gender, and nationality. Malden, MA: Blackwell Pub., 2003.

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Aboh, Romanus. Language and the construction of multiple identities in the Nigerian novel. Grahamstown, South Africa: NISC (Pty) Ltd, 2018.

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Schrage-Früh, Michaela. Emerging identities: Myth, nation and gender in the poetry of Eavan Boland, Nuala Ni Dhomhnaill and Medbh McGuckian. Trier: WVT, Wissenschaftlicher Verlag Trier, 2004.

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Yuval-Davis, Nira. National spaces and collective identities: Borders, boundaries, citizenship and gender relations : an inaugural lecture delivered at the University of Greenwich 22nd May 1997. London: Greenwich University Press, 1997.

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Patricia, Herminghouse, und Mueller Magda, Hrsg. Gender and Germanness: Cultural productions of nation. Providence, RI: Berghahn Books, 1997.

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Kennedy, Paul, und Catherine J. Danks, Hrsg. Globalization and National Identities. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333985458.

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Cusack, Tricia. Riverscapes and national identities. Syracuse, N.Y: Syracuse University Press, 2009.

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Cusack, Tricia. Riverscapes and national identities. Syracuse, N.Y: Syracuse University Press, 2010.

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Cusack, Tricia. Riverscapes and national identities. Syracuse, N.Y: Syracuse University Press, 2010.

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Elspeth, Frew, und White Leanne, Hrsg. Tourism and national identities. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2011.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Gender and national identities"

Phuong, Thi Duyen, und Raf Vanderstraeten. „National Identity and Gender Identities“. In SpringerBriefs in Education, 73–103. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-1196-3_4.

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Rones, Nina, und Kari Fasting. „Theorizing Military Masculinities and National Identities: The Norwegian Experience“. In The Palgrave International Handbook of Gender and the Military, 145–62. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-51677-0_9.

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Bekzhanova, Zhazira, und Naureen Durrani. „The Intersection of Gender and National Identity in History Textbooks in Kazakhstan“. In Palgrave Studies in Gender and Education, 79–101. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-75301-5_4.

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Abstract The history curriculum and textbooks are central to nation-building projects, as school history aims to transmit historical knowledge and create a shared desired national identity particularly in newer nation-states. Although the nation is imagined as a community of equals, national identity is constructed through power relations since it structures the representations of the nation around conceptions of masculinityand femininity. The analysis of school history textbooks is important, as they are a key cultural resource that pupils use to learn about “doing gender” and to develop their national consciousness. This chapter analyzes the construction of gender and national identities in the history textbooks, a compulsory subject taught across all secondary schools. Data sources include seven textbooks recommended by Kazakhstan’s Ministry of Education and Science, covering 7th to 11th grades used in Kazakh medium schools. The history textbooks for 9th and 11th grades consist of two volumes each. The study employs quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze the interrelated constructs of gender as category, construction, and deconstruction. The findings reveal four key observations: the prevalence of male dominance and the invisibility of female icons in national historiography, the perpetuation of hegemonic masculinities, the normalization of idealized femininities, and instances of gender transgression.

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Durrani, Naureen, Zumrad Kataeva und Aliya Kuzhabekova. „Policy Context for Gender Equality Reforms in Education in Central Asia“. In Palgrave Studies in Gender and Education, 21–46. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-75301-5_2.

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Abstract This chapter conducts a comparative analysis of gender equality policies across the five Central Asian countries, focusing on gender equality in education and other spheres by synthesising insights from academic and grey literature. The chapter begins by outlining the historical policy landscape, examining how Soviet gender equality policies impacted women in Muslim Central Asia. It then analyses how the intricate interplay of the Soviet legacy, globalisation, neoliberalism, and nationalist discourses influence gender equality policies and identities. Subsequently, it explores post-independencegender equality frameworks and policies, considering key actors, international gender equality commitments, and policy structures within each Central Asian nation. Lastly, the chapter examines gender social norms viewed as the primary obstacle hindering the effectiveness of gender equality policies and endeavours in the region.

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Dall’Asta, Monica, Jacques Migozzi, Federico Pagello und Andrew Pepper. „Introduction“. In Contemporary European Crime Fiction, 1–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21979-5_1.

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AbstractThe introduction offers a way of reading contemporary European crime fiction that pays attention to the national crime fiction traditions of discrete European countries and explores the transcultural, transnational elements of this emerging form. Our expansive understanding of this form is organized around three central aspects: firstly, the internationalization of European crime fiction as a driver of narrative ‘glocalization’; secondly, the complex forms of political engagement at play in this body of work, where the progressive articulation of new identities forged at the crossroads of ethnicity, gender and sexuality is set against insights into political corruption, racism and state violence; and thirdly, an emphasis on the centrality of historical recovery where the excavation and interrogation of traumatic histories is understood as a reflection on present circumstances.

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Velija, Philippa. „Cricket and Gendered National Identities: The Experiences of Women Who Play and Organise the ‘Global Game’“. In Women's Cricket and Global Processes, 119–43. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137323521_5.

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Castañeda, Natalie N., und Carla A. Pfeffer. „Gender Identities“. In Handbook of the Sociology of Gender, 119–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76333-0_9.

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Hill, Charles T. „Gender Identities“. In Prejudice, Identity and Well-Being, 158–84. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003220558-12.

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Bidaseca, Karina, und Julia Roth. „Gender identities“. In The Routledge Handbook to the History and Society of the Americas, 291–97. Abingdon, Oxon; N.Y., NY: Routledge, [2019]: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351138703-29.

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Thiesse, Anne-Marie. „National Identities“. In Revisiting Nationalism, 122–43. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-10326-0_6.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Gender and national identities"

Pavlović, Jovana, Biljana Vitošević und Milica Filipović. „Political factors of the spread of Sokol movement in Europe during the 19th and 20th centuries“. In Antropološki i teoantropološki pogled na fizičke aktivnosti (10). University of Priština – Faculty of Sport and Physical Education in Leposavić, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/atavpa24030p.

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This study examines the historical development of the Sokol movement, employing heuristic, critical, synthetic, and dispositive analyses across various contexts of East and Central Europe. Spanning from its inception in the 19th century to World War II, the research aims to unearth new sociopolitical, economic, and cultural insights that directly influenced the Sokol movement's evolution among various Slavic groups. Through this lens, the study not only addresses the identities of the Sokols, their contributions, and reasons for their decline but also the intricate interplay between the Sokol organization as a Slavic national movement and other philosophical, political, and social ideologies, such as liberalism, enlightenment, rationalism, empiricism, and gender equality.

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Junior, Christina, Nicole A. Buzzetto-Hollywood und John H Padgett. „Perceptions of DEIA, Job Satisfaction, and Leadership Among U.S. Federal Government Employees“. In InSITE 2024: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences. Informing Science Institute, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/5289.

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Aim/Purpose . The quantitative comparative ex post facto research study covered in this paper aims to fill gaps in the literature by focusing on whether gender influences perceptions of leadership; diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility (DEIA); and job satisfaction among federal employees within the Department of Justice using empirical data. The study also explores whether there are relationships between the perception of leadership and job satisfaction and the perception of DEIA and job satisfaction. Background. Since 2002, the United States Office of Personnel Management (OPM) has administered the Federal Employee Viewpoint Survey (FEVS), which measures employee perceptions of whether and to what extent successful organizational conditions exist in their agencies. Areas currently assessed within the FEVS include training, job satisfaction, leadership effectiveness, management effectiveness, work-life balance, and diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility. The exploration of variations in perceptions of leadership, DEIA efforts, and job satisfaction among U.S. federal employees by gender and other criteria are crucial areas for research that are underrepresented in the literature. This is not only important for the United States federal government, which is grappling with high attrition rates, but also for public administrations around the world. Methodology. A quantitative ex post facto research design was used to analyze data from responses of U.S. federal employees working for the Department of Justice. Leadership, job satisfaction, and DEIA were all measured using aggregate scores from pre-determined question sets. Differences based on gender were analyzed using t-tests. Additionally, chi-squares and Spearman’s rank correlations were employed in order to explore whether there is a relationship between the perception of leadership and job satisfaction and the perception of DEIA efforts and job satisfaction among U.S. federal government workers. Contribution. The findings of this study aid in providing empirical data to support the need for federal government leadership to understand the impact of employees’ perceptions on their willingness to continue working in the federal government. The research study was grounded in Public Service Motivation Theory, which centers around factors that motivate individuals to pursue and maintain careers in the public service sector. More specifically, this study supported the public service motivation theory in that it looked at gender as a mitigating factor in public service motivation as well as explored the role of leadership and DEIA as a correlating factor to job satisfaction. The results of this research have practical implications for federal government leaders interested in increasing employee motivation and retention and who should be considering the range of sociocultural and demographic characteristics that have been found in the research to impact employee perceptions and experiences. Findings. The analyses found differences in perceptions of leadership, DEIA, and job satisfaction among United States Federal Government employees based on gender. Additionally, perceptions of leadership and DEIA were both found to influence job satisfaction. The first research question explored in this study used a t-test to consider whether the perception of leadership among U.S. federal employees differed based on participant gender with significance found. The second research question examined whether the perceived job satisfaction of U.S. federal employees differed based on gender, with statistical significance detected. The third research question focused on whether perception of DEIA differed when gender was explored and the results of the t-test indicated a significant difference in perceptions of DEIA when gender was considered. The fourth research question considered the relationship between the perception of leadership and job satisfaction. A Chi-square and a Spearman Rank Correlation were performed, and a relationship was found to exist. Research question five explored whether a relationship exists between the perception of diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility initiatives and job satisfaction, with significance found following a chi-square and a Spearman rank correlation. Recommendations for Practitioners. Leadership behaviors of managers and the existence of DEIA policies play a critical role in employees’ job satisfaction and commitment. The recommendations for organizational leadership in the public service sector include addressing gender inequality in work practices and environments and cultivating more inclusive organizational cultures. Recommendations for Researchers. The lack of inclusion of socio-cultural norms in the research on public service motivation is a gap that has yet to be sufficiently addressed and is an area of research that should be explored. Impact on Society. Research on public service motivation in local, state, national, and international government employment can aid organizations in developing strategies for improving recruitment, selection, and retention in public service organizations. This information can advance scientific knowledge on transforming management and leadership practices across sectors. Future Research. Future research can expound on what has been done here by examining in more detail how various identities, and more specifically intersecting identities, within the LGBTQIA+ community as well as other historically marginalized groups, impact such factors as perceptions of leadership, job satisfaction, employee motivation and retention, and work-life balance. Perceptions of specific DEIA initiatives should also be further explored.

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NECHIFOR, Oana. „(At) Home and (On) the Road: Contemporary Photography Techniques of Documenting the Migration Phenomenon“. In The International Conference of Doctoral Schools “George Enescu” National University of Arts Iaşi, Romania. Artes Publishing House UNAGE Iasi, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35218/icds-2023-0025.

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The current presentation includes several queries regarding the interaction of migration and globalization – one of the most significant phenomena of social transformation in recent decades, as well as the meanings that this interaction presents for artistic research and practice. The major social and cultural transformations that have taken place in recent decades following more intense migratory movements have sparked an interest among artists for creating visual discourses, which, by using languages specific to different genres and environments, contribute to the dissemination of knowledge about migrants and migratory experiences different from the discourses generally offered and exploited by the media and public opinion. In cultural studies, the mobility turn also influences how contemporary art reflects on the direct and indirect implications of migration. The selection of works we analysed (which mainly use the medium of documentary photography) challenges the way we understand the notions of space and time, by exploring ideas regarding the concepts of (at)home and road, which are, moreover, two of the notions that undergo most changes during migratory experiences. The artistic projects selected reconsider defining the concept of (at)home as the place where the individual builds his sense of belonging, referring only to the physical house and not just to a single house set in an immovable place, but considering multiple connotations of the idea of home. Migrants' personal narratives reveal the ways in which individuals move between multiple homes, developing attachments and reinventing their identities along the way. Considering both the international context of migration and the particular case of Romanian economic migration as a recent phenomenon with important socio-cultural implications, I sought to investigate through my own artistic practice how documentary photography can become an environment for reflection on the topic, by combining autobiographical elements and a subjective discourse added to the objective dimension.

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Stoica, Elena. „MIGRATION AND NATIONAL IDENTITIES DILEMMAS“. In 4th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM2017. Stef92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2017/hb11/s12.117.

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Brulé, Emeline, und Katta Spiel. „Negotiating Gender and Disability Identities in Participatory Design“. In C&T 2019: The 9th International Conference on Communities & Technologies - Transforming Communities. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3328320.3328369.

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Loutzenheiser, Lisa. „Sexualities, Gender Identities, and Systemic School District Change“. In 2019 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1445603.

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Hennessey, Eden, Joanne Cole, Prajval Shastri, Jessica Esquivel, Chandralekha Singh, Rosie Johnson und Shohini Ghose. „Workshop report: Intersecting identities—gender and intersectionality in physics“. In WOMEN IN PHYSICS: 6th IUPAP International Conference on Women in Physics. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5110070.

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Meer, Nasar. „Pluralising National Identities: Lessons from Theory“. In Sense of Belonging in a Diverse Britain. Dialogue Society, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.55207/quib9349.

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Corple, Danielle, Megan Kenny Feister, Carla B. Zoltowski und Patrice M. Buzzanell. „Engineering Gender Identities of Women in a Service-Learning Context“. In 2018 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fie.2018.8658478.

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Bao, Xinyin, und Wen Tao Zhu. „Exploring Visual Design Strategies for Gender Diversity Representation through a Design Game Workshop“. In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002049.

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Everyday objects are usually visually designed to imply that they belong to men or women. They are, thereby, tools for people to represent their gender identities. However, even though gendered design is a common topic in academic research, the representation of gender diversity remains relatively marginal. This study aims to organize people's life experiences with different gender identities to explore visual design strategies that change the original gender implication of everyday objects, thus representing gender diversity and promoting social inclusion of sexual minorities. To do so, a participatory design game workshop has been created and conducted. Three game characters with diverse gender identities were developed, and design materials that implied gender binary or diversity were provided, such as everyday objects and visual elements. During the workshop, six participants imagined themselves as admirers of the game characters and used the prepared materials to design gifts for them that fit their gender identities. The results of the workshop show that the gender implication of objects can be changed through reorganizing visual elements of color, shape, decoration, and cultural symbols. In addition, cisgender heterosexual participants preferred to represent diverse gender identities through innovative arrangements of gender-stereotypical visual elements, while participants that belong to sexual minorities preferred to adopt personalized design strategies to "de-genderize" everyday objects. This variation may be caused by the tendency of cisgender heterosexual people to confirm their gender identity through gender stereotypes, while sexual minority people escape the binary gender system through individualized representation. Therefore, the study concludes that design process representing gender diversity not only needs critique and innovation, but that de-genderdizing strategies cultivated by sexual minorities from their practices are also essential design resources.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Gender and national identities"

Carpenter, Christopher, Donn Feir, Krishna Pendakur und Casey Warman. Nonbinary Gender Identities and Earnings: Evidence from a National Census. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, Oktober 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w33075.

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IIGH, UNU, und University of the Western Cape School of Public Health. Gender and COVID-19 global research agenda: priorities and recommendations. UNU-IIGH, Februar 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37941/lrrw9593.

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Calls for greater recognition of and attention to the influence of sex and gender on health have been longstanding, and the need for this has only been amplified by the COVID-19 pandemic. Apart from the direct effects of biological sex and socially-constructed gender differences on COVID-19 morbidity and mortality – with higher rates of severe disease and deaths among men, pandemic responses have also amplified existing gender inequalities, with women bearing the heaviest burden of the indirect health and socio-economic consequences. The interactions between sex, gender and COVID-19 are complex and evolving, and further shaped and influenced by context and the intersecting influence of other social determinants and/or identities (such as race, ethnicity, LGBTQIA or migrant status, etc.), which have exacerbated the devastating health impacts for specific women, men and gender-diverse people. Recognising both the urgency of integrating sex and gender into COVID-19 research, and the roadblocks in the way of achieving this, the United Nations University International Institute for Global Health (UNU-IIGH) and the School of Public Health at the University of the Western Cape co- convened a collaborative gender and COVID-19 research agenda-setting exercise.

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Lenhardt, Amanda. Progress Towards Meaningful Women’s Participation in Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding Decision-makingt prevention and peacebuilding decision-making. Institute of Development Studies, Dezember 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.044.

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The Women, Peace and Security or Gender Peace and Security (WPS/GPS) agenda has expanded significantly over the 20+ years of concerted efforts at many levels to expand the role of women in conflict resolution and peacebuilding. Yet many authors note that the expansion of international agreements and national plans to support greater women’s participation in decision-making have yet to translate into concrete changes. This report examines progress in promoting women’s meaningful participation in decision making processes in conflict prevention and peacebuilding, with a focus on changes since 2018. Evidence on women’s meaningful participation in decision-making tends to focus on a small range of measurable outcomes with some studies considering the outcomes of women’s involvement in those processes to determine the extent to which they might be ‘meaningful’. Few studies examine differential outcomes of such initiatives for different groups of women, and most data does not allow for the disaggregation of intersecting identities between gender, ethnicity, race, disability, migration status and other key factors. Evidence collected for this report suggests that policies and programmes seeking to support greater women’s participation in decision-making in conflict prevention and peacebuilding often struggle to address the broader structural factors that inhibit women’s empowerment. Tackling longstanding and often deeply embedded harmful social norms has proven challenging across sectors, and in conflict or post-conflict settings with highly complex social dynamics, this can be especially difficult. Many of the issues highlighted in the literature as hindering progress on the WPS agenda relate to cross-cutting issues at the heart of gender inequality. Multiple authors from within women’s movements in conflict and post-conflict settings emphasise the need for policies and programmes that support women to act as agents of change in their own communities and which amplify their voices rather than speak on their behalf. Recent achievements in South Sudan and the Pacific region are indicative of the potential of women’s movements to affect change in conflict prevention and peacebuilding and suggest progress is being made in some areas, though gender equality in these processes may be a long way off.

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Yilmaz, Ihsan, und Kainat Shakil. Gender Populism: Civilizational Populist Construction of Gender Identities as Existential Cultural Threats. European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), Mai 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55271/pp0023.

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In the Islamist version of civilizational populism, the emotional backlash against the rise of secularism, multiculturalism, progressive ideas, and ‘wokeness,’ has been skillfully employed. While for the populists, populist far right and civilizational populists in the West, usually the Muslims are the civilizational other, we argue in this article, in the Islamist civilizational populism, the list of civilizational enemies of the Muslim way of life also includes feminists and LGBTQ+ rights advocates.Gender populism is a relatively new concept that refers to the use of gender symbolism, language, policy measures, and contestation of gender issues by populist actors. It involves the manipulation of gender roles, stereotypes, and traditional values to appeal to the masses and create divisions between “the people” and “the others.” This paper looks at the case study of gender populism in Turkey, where the Justice and Development Party (AKP) has been in power for over two decades. The AKP has used gender populism to redefine Turkish identity, promote conservative Islamism, and marginalize women and the LGBTQ+ community. The paper also discusses how gender populism has been used by the AKP to marginalize political opponents.

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Thompson, Stephen, Brigitte Rohwerder und Clement Arockiasamy. Freedom of Religious Belief and People with Disabilities: A Case Study of People with Disabilities from Religious Minorities in Chennai, India. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), Juni 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2021.003.

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India has a unique and complex religious history, with faith and spirituality playing an important role in everyday life. Hinduism is the majority religion, and there are many minority religions. India also has a complicated class system and entrenched gender structures. Disability is another important identity. Many of these factors determine people’s experiences of social inclusion or exclusion. This paper explores how these intersecting identities influence the experience of inequality and marginalisation, with a particular focus on people with disabilities from minority religious backgrounds. A participatory qualitative methodology was employed in Chennai, to gather case studies that describe in-depth experiences of participants. Our findings show that many factors that make up a person’s identity intersect in India and impact how someone is included or excluded by society, with religious minority affiliation, caste, disability status, and gender all having the potential to add layers of marginalisation. These various identity factors, and how individuals and society react to them, impact on how people experience their social existence. Identity factors that form the basis for discrimination can be either visible or invisible, and discrimination may be explicit or implicit. Despite various legal and human rights frameworks at the national and international level that aim to prevent marginalisation, discrimination based on these factors is still prevalent in India. While some tokenistic interventions and schemes are in place to overcome marginalisation, such initiatives often only focus on one factor of identity, rather than considering intersecting factors. People with disabilities continue to experience exclusion in all aspects of their lives. Discrimination can exist both between, as well as within, religious communities, and is particularly prevalent in formal environments. Caste-based exclusion continues to be a major problem in India. The current socioeconomic environment and political climate can be seen to perpetuate marginalisation based on these factors. However, when people are included in society, regardless of belonging to a religious minority, having a disability, or being a certain caste, the impact on their life can be very positive.

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Nelson, Audrey, und Chanmi G. Hwang. Transgender Fashion: Developing a Gender Identity Framework for �Transgender� Identities. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University. Library, Januar 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa.8397.

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Van Belthowing, Sheilagh. Lesbian Gender Identities: An Expansion of Bern's Sex-Role Inventory. Portland State University Library, Januar 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.3036.

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Savoia, Erin. “Neither of the Boxes”: Accounting for Non-Binary Gender Identities. Portland State University Library, Januar 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.5900.

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Ingram, Kiriloi. Why Gender Matters in Violent Extremist Propaganda Strategy. International Centre for Counter Terrorism, September 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19165/2024.7965.

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This policy brief presents the gender representations theoretical framework to analyse how and why gender is used in the propaganda and politico-military strategies of violent extremist movements. It argues that violent extremist ideologies break down in-group and out-group collective identities into individual “good” and “bad” gender identities, or gender representations. These representations are manipulated to maximise the effectiveness of violent extremist propaganda, and to construct a gender and conjugal order strategically designed to advance their own political objectives. The gender representations framework offers analysts a tool to examine violent extremists’ manipulation of gender to mobilise women and men, and can help in understanding the types of beliefs and actions that may be taken to advance violent extremists’ political objectives

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