Thematische Bibliographien / Gear shifting mechanism

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Gear shifting mechanism“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 28. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 1. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Gear shifting mechanism"

Dwivedi, Shivam, und Prof Vikas Gupta. „AUTOMATION IN GEAR SHIFTING MECHANISM“. SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJOSCIENCE 4, Nr. 5 (26.05.2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijoscience.v4i5.139.

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Kim, Sun Je, und Kyung-Soo Kim. „Experimental Investigation of the Seamless Gearshift Mechanism Using an Electric Motor and a Planetary Gear-Set“. Energies 13, Nr. 24 (18.12.2020): 6705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13246705.

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Vehicle transmission which has discrete gear-stages inevitably produces torque drop during shifting gears. This torque drop should be minimized because it may lead to uncomfortable driving feeling and degradation of acceleration performance. In accordance with the spread of electric-powered vehicle technology, this study proposes novel transmission architecture to eliminate torque drop during shifting gears by using one electric motor and verifies its operating concept through experiments with a test-bench. The proposed transmission, called CGST (clutchless geared smart transmission) can synchronize the gear-shaft to be engaged for the next gear-stage with the output shaft by using a planetary gear-set and an electric motor. The CGST has a dual input gear-box with even and odd gear-stages on different input shafts, and the planetary gear-set and the electric motor control the speeds of each input shafts to smoothly engage the next gear-stage. This idea was verified by the simplified test-rig in this study. Three distinct scenarios for gear-shift including starting from engine idling, odd to even gear-shift, and even to odd gear-shift were conducted in the experiment. The shifting performance of the CGST was evaluated by comparing it with the results of the manual transmission (MT). As a result, the CGST shows only 24% of torque drop of the MT, and torque oscillation followed after gear-shifting is reduced by 26%. Although the developed test bench was of limited size, the possibility and expected performance of the CGST have been confirmed as the solution for seamless transmission.

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Wu, Yi-Chang, und Che-Wei Chang. „DEVELOPMENT OF 3-SPEED REAR HUB BICYCLE TRANSMISSIONS WITH GEAR-SHIFTING MECHANISMS“. Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 39, Nr. 3 (September 2015): 407–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2015-0030.

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Rear hub bicycle transmissions require less maintenance and are more reliable than rear derailleurs. This study proposes a systematic design process for the conceptual design of 3-speed rear hub bicycle transmissions. By analyzing the kinematics of a basic epicyclic gear mechanism using the fundamental circuit method, the gear sequence and clutching sequence arrangements for 3-speed rear hub transmissions can be obtained. The numbers of gear-teeth for all gear elements resulting in a minimum installation space and satisfying the required speed ratio at each gear stage are determined. A gear-shifting mechanism is constructed to sequentially control the power-flow path within the epicyclic gear mechanism so as to provide three forward gears. An atlas of 3-speed rear hub bicycle transmissions is listed, where three devices are new design concepts and are suitable for further embodiment design. The results of this study will lead to the creation of new multi-speed rear hub bicycle transmissions.

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Wu, Yi-Chang, und Li-An Chen. „A GEAR-SHIFTING MECHANISM WITH A ROTARY CONFIGURATION FOR APPLICATIONS IN A 16-SPEED BICYCLE TRANSMISSION HUB“. Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 40, Nr. 4 (November 2016): 597–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2016-0047.

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A multi-speed bicycle transmission hub includes a geared speed-changing mechanism for providing different speed ratios and a gear-shifting mechanism for controlling the gear stage. This paper focuses on the embodiment design of a mechanical gear-shifting mechanism with a rotary configuration used in a 16-speed transmission hub for bicycles. A 16-link, five-degrees of freedom (DOF) split-power epicyclic gear mechanism, which consists of a gear differential and four sets of parallel-connected basic planetary gear trains, is introduced. Based on the clutching sequence table, a systematic design process is developed to come up with the embodiment design of the gear-shifting mechanism. A feasible and compact 16-speed rear transmission hub for bicycles is presented.

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Zhu, Zhen, Xiang Gao, Daoyuan Pan, Yu Zhu und Leilei Cao. „Study on the Control Strategy of Shifting Time Involving Multigroup Clutches“. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9523251.

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This paper focuses on the control strategy of shifting time involving multigroup clutches for a hydromechanical continuously variable transmission (HMCVT). The dynamic analyses of mathematical models are presented in this paper, and the simulation models are used to study the control strategy of HMCVT. Simulations are performed in SimulationXplatform to investigate the shifting time of clutches under different operating conditions. On this basis, simulation analysis and test verification of two typical conditions, which play the decisive roles for the shifting quality, are carried out. The results show that there are differences in the shifting time of the two typical conditions. In the shifting process from the negative transmission of hydromechanical ranges to the positive transmission of hydromechanical ranges, the control strategy based on the shifting time is switching the clutches of shifting mechanism firstly and then disengaging a group of clutches of planetary gear mechanism and engaging another group of the clutches of planetary gear mechanism lastly. In the shifting process from the hydraulic range to the hydromechanical range, the control strategy based on the shifting time is switching the clutches of hydraulic shifting mechanism and planetary gear mechanism at first and then engaging the clutch of shifting mechanism.

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Wu, Yi Chang, Li An Chen und Tze Cheng Wu. „Design of 3-Speed Bicycle Transmission Hubs“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 764-765 (Mai 2015): 228–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.764-765.228.

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This paper presents the embodiment designs of 3-speed transmission hubs which consist of basic planetary gear mechanisms and gear-shifting control mechanisms. Two feasible clutching sequence tables are synthesized by analyzing the kinematic structure of the gear mechanism. A mechanical control mechanism is used to control the engagement or disengagement of each clutch to guide the power flow from the rear sprocket via the gear mechanism to the hub shell. The power transmission path at each gear stage is further checked to verify the validity of the transmission hub. The embodiment designs of two 3-speed transmission hubs are presented.

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Bhattacharjee, Debraj, Prabha Bhola und Pranab K. Dan. „A heuristic synthesis of multistage planetary gearbox layout for automotive transmission“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part K: Journal of Multi-body Dynamics 233, Nr. 2 (14.03.2018): 336–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464419318759893.

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The automatic transmission system is very crucial for the high-speed vehicles, where the planetary or epicyclic gearbox is a standard feature. With the increase in design intricacies of planetary gearbox, mathematical modelling has become complex in nature and therefore there is a need for modelling of multistage planetary gearbox including the shifting scheme. A random search-based synthesis of three degrees of freedom (DOF) high-speed planetary gearbox has been presented in this paper, which derives an efficient gear shifting mechanism through designing the transmission schematic of eight speed gearboxes compounded with four planetary gear sets. Furthermore, with the help of lever analogy, the transmission power flow and relative power efficiency have been determined to analyse the gearbox design. A simulation-based testing and validation have been performed which show the proposed model is efficient and produces satisfactory shift quality through better torque characteristics while shifting the gears. A new heuristic method to determine suitable compounding arrangement, based on mechanism enumeration, for designing a gearbox layout is proposed here. An important finding on automotive gear shift quality due to closer gear ratio is also reported in this work.

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Gupta, Ankit. „Design of three speed planetary gear hub system with gear shifting mechanism“. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 810 (05.05.2020): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/810/1/012011.

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Chen, Xingbin, Xinhe Min, Peng Zhang, Nini Li, Zhihong Zhong und Yuansheng Wu. „Study on Impact Characteristics of Multistage Double Crown Face Gear Pairs considering Ratio Switching under Variable Conditions“. Shock and Vibration 2020 (05.08.2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8880093.

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This paper presents a new transmission mechanism with multistage face gears as the core components for realizing variable speeds with differential meshing. To improve face gear transmission smoothness, suppress meshing resonance, reduce noise, and optimize power transmission performance during the gear shifting process, load distribution between meshing teeth during the transmission process and impact loads during various shifting stages must be determined. Herein, we present a gear impact model considering double crown gear meshing configuration, contact deformation, variable working conditions, and jump impact at meshing points. A single-stage face gear pair is considered as object that the impact characteristics are comparatively studied under four conditions: with/without load and constant/variable speed. The results were used to analyze transient characteristics of the crown gear under contact deformation or frequent shifting impact. Based on this, the impact characteristics of multistage face gear pairs between ratio switching were extendedly investigated under four input conditions: constant/variable torque or constant/variable speed. The results were used to determine the meshing force and impact force fluctuation characteristics of multistage face gear pairs while adapting to various loads and continuous acceleration/deceleration. The proposed model can be beneficial to evaluate the feasibility of multistage gear structures with crown configuration and to obtain boundary conditions for transmission systems.

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Irfan, Muhammad, Viktor Berbyuk und Håkan Johansson. „Minimizing synchronization time of a gear shifting mechanism by optimizing its structural design parameters“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 234, Nr. 2-3 (10.07.2019): 488–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407019860363.

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A gear shifting mechanism is modeled in GT-Suite software. The mechanism has three main bodies: sleeve, ring, and gear. Results obtained from the simulation show that GT-Suite model can predict gear shifting process. Synchronization processes for three conditions of nominal, road grade, and vibrational motion of the master are studied in six cases by considering the sleeve and the gear as a master alternatively. The optimization based on the GT-Suite model is performed for each case to find the minimum gear shifting time based on variations of 17 structural design parameters. Minimum synchronization time is found almost same in all cases. It is concluded from closeness of the optimization results that average of the parameter values can be considered as optimized values for all cases. At the end, robustness of the optimized structural design parameters are analyzed with respect to the road grade, amplitude, and frequency of oscillatory excitation of rotational motion of the master.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Gear shifting mechanism"

Netopil, Jan. „Analýza řadicího mechanizmu traktoru“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-445156.

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The thesis focuses on the shifting mechanisms of manually shifted tractor transmissions. It provides a comprehensive overview of all significant structural nodes of the shift mechanism with an analysis of the influence of the structure on the resulting intensity of a force required for shifting. The main aim of this thesis is the design and validation of experimental equipment for measuring the force effects of the shift mechanism of a mass-produced tractor in actual operation. The design of the experimental equipment is based on a study of the used measuring technique and similar experimental equipment. The final structure is selected based on selection by the method of weighted values, taking into consideration the requirements of the structure. A functional measuring chain is designed and formed for the realization of the measurement. To evaluate the data from the technical experiment, a multibody model of the designed experimental device is created in the MSC Adams View software, through which the real parameters of the shift mechanism are obtained from the measured values. The designed experimental equipment brings the possibility of complete analysis and subsequent optimization of the tractor's shift mechanism

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Ganti, Kalyana Bhargava. „Analysis and design of a gear shifting mechanism for transmission based servo-actuators“. 2003. http://etd.utk.edu/2003/GantiKalyana.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 2003.
Title from title page screen (viewed Mar. 24, 2004). Thesis advisor: William R. Hamel. Document formatted into pages (ix, 74 p. : ill. (some col.)). Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 71-74).

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HSIEH, MENG-YU, und 謝孟宇. „Embodiment Design of Multi-Speed Transmission Hubs with Magnetic Gear-Shifting Mechanisms for Bicycles“. Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90465744308643455212.

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碩士
國立雲林科技大學
機械工程系
104
A multi-speed transmission hub is one of key components in transmission systems of bicycles. It is a mechanical speed-changing device with several advantages, such as: compact size, high efficiency, long lifetime, high stability and available to change speed when the bicycle is stopped. The purpose of this study is to develop magnetic gear-shifting mechanisms for multi-speed transmission hubs for bicycles. Four different transmission hubs, including a Sturmey-Archer 7-speed transmission hub, a Sturmey Archer 8-speed transmission hub, a Shimano 7-speed transmission hub, and a Shimano 8-speed transmission hub, are introduced. The configurations of gear mechanisms and related mechanical gear-shifting mechanisms for these transmission hubs are introduced. The mechanical components, clutching sequence table, and the operation principle of the gear-shifting mechanism for each transmission hub are also analyzed. A design process for the implementation of magnetic gear-shifting mechanisms of multi-speed transmission hubs is proposed. Three examples including 5-speed, 7-speed, and 9-speed transmission hubs are presented to illustrate the embodiment design of related magnetic gear-shifting mechanisms associated with transmission mechanisms. Finally, a 5-speed transmission hub with a magnetic gear-shifting mechanism is manufactured and tested.

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Bücher zum Thema "Gear shifting mechanism"

Automobile test. 2. Aufl. Albany: Delmar Publishers, 2001.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Gear shifting mechanism"

Chandra, Manish, und Pranab K. Dan. „A Novel Gear Shifting Strategy for Dual Clutch Transmission System Using Reverse Engineering and Robust Design Technique“. In Advances in Mechanism and Machine Science, 1049–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20131-9_104.

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Diez-Ibarbia, Alberto, Alfonso Fernandez-del-Rincon, Miguel Iglesias, Ana De-Juan, Pablo Garcia und Fernando Viadero. „Efficiency Assessment in Spur Gears with Shifting and Profile Modifications“. In New Trends in Mechanism and Machine Science, 193–201. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44156-6_20.

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Antal, Tiberiu Alexandru. „Profile Shifting Coefficients of Spur Gears with Balanced Specific Sliding Coefficients at the Points Where the Meshing Stars and Ends“. In New Trends in Mechanism and Machine Science, 272–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55061-5_31.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Gear shifting mechanism"

Zhou, Li, Chi Dong, Xindong You, Jie Huang und Congfeng Jiang. „Green gear-shifting mechanism in Cloud Storage System“. In Computer Science and Technology 2015. Science & Engineering Research Support soCiety, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/astl.2015.81.16.

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Mairal, Aditya A., Akash B. Pandey und Jimil M. Shah. „Embedded Controller Based Automatic Gear Change Mechanism for Two Wheeled Manual Transmission Motorcycle“. In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-68127.

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For the vehicle to move forward the engine has to be connected to driving wheels so as to propel the vehicle. The engine rotates at relatively high speeds, while the wheels are required to turn at slower speeds. The torque requirements of the vehicle vary as per the prevailing conditions of load, terrain etc. Gear box provides different gear ratios between the engine and the driving wheels, to suit the varying road conditions such as when climbing hills, traversing rough road or sandy road or pulling a load. The required gear shift for providing varying torque requirements can be obtained either manually or automatically. Automatic gear shifting mechanism is a concept implementing an embedded control system for actuating the gears automatically without human intervention. The automation is achieved by using a microcontroller and suitable sensor and actuator hardware. Whenever the speed of the vehicle increases or decreases beyond a pre-defined set of values, the microcontroller based control system actuates the clutch as well as the gear and helps maintain a steady operation of the automobile. The concept of automatic gear change is applied in this work to a 4-stroke, manual transmission motorcycle. The clutch is actuated by means of a DC Motor actuated mechanism and gear lever is actuated by means of the spring loaded solenoid actuator, both controlled by a microcontroller based circuit, programmed to read the signals from an inductive proximity sensor which senses the actual speed of the wheel. The system design and development is described in this paper with control circuit and control logic.

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For the vehicle to move forward, the engine has to be connected to driving wheels so as to propel the vehicle. The engine rotates at relatively high speeds, while the wheels are required to turn at slower speeds. The torque requirements of the vehicle vary as per the prevailing conditions of load, terrain etc. Gear box provides different gear ratios between the engine and the driving wheels, to suit the varying road conditions such as when climbing hills, traversing rough road, moving on sandy road or pulling a load. The required gear shift for providing varying torque requirements can be obtained either manually or automatically. Automatic gear shifting mechanism is a concept implementing an embedded control system for actuating the gears automatically without human intervention. The automation is achieved by using a microcontroller and suitable sensor and actuator hardware. Whenever the speed of the vehicle increases or decreases beyond a pre-defined set of values, the microcontroller based control system actuates the clutch as well as the gear and helps maintain a steady operation of the automobile. The concept of automatic gear change is applied in this work to a 4-stroke, manual transmission motorcycle. The clutch is actuated by means of a DC Motor actuated mechanism and gear lever is actuated by means of the spring loaded solenoid actuator, both controlled by a microcontroller based circuit, programmed to read the signals from an inductive proximity sensor which senses the actual speed of the wheel. The system design and development is described in this paper with control circuit and control logic.

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Wu, Guangqiang, und Shuo Sun. „Simulation and Experiment Research on Shuffle and Clunk in Gear Shifting Process“. In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85178.

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The dynamics model of gear shifting process considering the state of clutch and synchronizers and the process of engagement and disengagement is established to realize the continuous simulation of the entire shifting process. The pitching dynamics module is introduced based on the coupled mechanism of torsional, longitudinal and vertical vibration of the system. The simulation reproduces the dynamic responses and states of eight analyzed phases in the whole process. The model is verified from the comparison between simulation and experimental results of four working conditions. Based on the simulation analysis of time-domain and time-frequency domain, the characteristics of shuffle and clunk phenomena are investigated and compared between four working conditions. The key influencing factors of the jerk degree and shuffle intensity are obtained through theoretical analysis, and the verification is made through the simulation comparison of the assessing metrics. The real vehicle test is also carried out focused on shuffle phenomenon. The differences of characteristic frequencies and intensities of shuffle phenomenon in different gear shifting conditions are compared and analyzed.

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Tripathi, Naveen, Aravally Patel und Suresh Kumar Kandreegula. „Manual Gear Shifting Mechanism Integrated with Cabin Tilting Provision by Providing Telescopic Rod Type Arrangement with Cam and Follower Mechanism“. In WCX World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2018-01-1301.

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Karagiannis, I., und S. Theodossiades. „Dynamic Analysis of Automotive Hypoid Gears“. In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-13014.

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The dynamics of differentials in rear wheel drive vehicles are of major importance for the automotive industry. Hypoid transmissions — forming the motion transfer mechanism from the driveshaft to the wheels — often suffer from severe vibrations, which could lead to Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) issues. The latter are often attributed to improper mesh between the mating gear flanks due to misalignments, variation of contact load and shifting of the effective mesh position. A new modelling approach on the torsional dynamics of hypoid gear pairs is presented in this work. This is characterised by an alternative expression of the Dynamic Transmission Error (DTE), which accounts for the variation of the effective mesh position. Numerical results indicate the enriched dynamic behaviour that can be predicted using the new formulation. A solution continuation method is employed to follow the response branches over the operating range of the differential under examination. The ensuing parametric studies convey the importance of the main system parameters on the dynamic behaviour of the differential, yielding suggestions for design guidelines.

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Farshidi, Reza, Vahid Mashatan und Jean W. Zu. „Variable Stiffness Tensioner for a Belt Driven Transmission System“. In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-38417.

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A new tensioner mechanism is designed for a belt driven transmission system with variable gear ratios. The preliminary design of such transmission system includes a morphing driver pulley, a driven pulley with constant radius, and a tensioner. With the aim of changing the gear ratio, the radius of the morphing pulley (driver) varies gradually through a stepwise shifting procedure. Hence, the geometry of the belt and pulley system, including the tensioner pulley position, changes noticeably while the shifts occur. A regular tensioner, commonly used in the belt and pulley systems, includes a linear spring, which is attached to an idler pulley. This type of tensioner is designed and installed in the transmission systems with respect to the geometry and loading condition in order to guarantee a certain value of static pretension in the belt. The longitudinal vibration of the belt and pulley system is also controlled by setting proper value of tensioner spring stiffness and other dynamic parameters. The regular tensioner is commonly modeled as a linear spring. These tensioners are mainly used for the belt and pulley systems with constant gear ratios. In the case of variable drive system, while the radius of the driver pulley changes, a large displacement in the tensioner pulley position is expected. This large displacement results in large variation into the belt static tension, and might cause unpredicted fatigue failure in the belt or pulleys. Lower values of static tension can cause belt dynamics instability in a belt driven system. [Wickert 1990] A new tensioner is proposed for the morphing pulley transmission system in order to control the static tension and the belt longitudinal vibrations for different gear ratios. The tensioner includes a linear spring that is connected to the tensioner pulley via a convertor mechanism. The convertor system consists of a traveling pin and guide rail mechanism. The traveling pin is connected to the tensioner pulley while the rail is attached to the linear spring. Using this mechanism, the tensioner system behaves like a variable spring element. By defining a proper curve, it is possible to maintain the static tension within the desired range and control the longitudinal vibration of the belt and pulley system. The design parameters of the tensioner system are investigated through a linear optimization process in order to minimize the longitudinal vibration of the belt as well as the pretension.

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Berbyuk, Viktor. „Towards Pareto Optimization of Performance of a Generic Synchronizer of Transmission Systems“. In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-46773.

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Manual transmissions for passenger cars and trucks are equipped with synchronizer mechanisms. A synchronizer mechanism as a key component of a transmission system must be able to prevent transmission gears from shocking, reduce the noise and it has a great impact on driving comfort and transmission efficiency. Gear shifting improvement with respect to smooth, quick and energy efficient synchronizer’s performance is still an important issue for automotive industry. A synchronization process comprises several phases within which presynchronization, main synchronization, pre-engagement and engagement phases can be recognized. Aiming an understanding of internal dynamics and existing possibilities for optimization of synchronization processes in transmission systems during the main synchronization phase an engineering model of a generic synchronizer mechanism is proposed. The synchronizer mechanism is modeled by a contacting triple-body system consisting of the selector sleeve, the blocker ring and the gearwheel. The algorithm has developed to solve the direct dynamics synchronization problem for the generic synchronizer mechanism. By using the developed algorithm the rotational motion of the contacting triple-body system and the synchronizing torques between contacting interfaces are determined for given vehicle resistance torque, the drag torque, and the control torque applied to the selector sleeve that all together satisfy the equations of motion and guarantee synchronization of the rotational speeds of the sleeve, the blocker ring and the gearwheel for the final time. It is shown that the solution to the direct dynamics synchronization problem for the generic synchronizer mechanism is not unique and it allows formulation different optimization problems. Mathematical statement of multi-objective Pareto optimal control problem for synchronizer mechanism is given. Within the proposed model of the generic synchronizer mechanism the time-comfort Pareto optimal control problem is considered. Assuming that the resistance torque on the synchronizer owing to the vehicle inertia, the drag torque, and the synchronizing torques at the contacting interfaces are substantially constant during the main phase of a synchronization process, the solution to the time-comfort Pareto optimal control problem has been obtained. It was shown that there exist the external control torque (or shift force) applied to the selector sleeve such that the synchronization of rotational speeds of the sleeve, the blocker ring and the gearwheel is guaranteed and the synchronization process is optimal both with respect to minimal possible synchronization time as well as lowest possible inertial load acting on the synchronizer mechanism. Analysis of the obtained Pareto solution is presented.

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Sulaiman, Dilshad A., und Akash B. Pandey. „Design of Robotic Arm Using Delay Based Operation of DC Geared Motors With a Microcontroller“. In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-68765.

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This paper provides the design of a simple robotic arm for pick and place operations as well as other material handling operations. The movements of the arm are anthropometric i.e. resembling the human arm with respect to degrees of freedom so as to provide a human touch in industrial and space operations. This system operates using controlled motion of DC geared motors along with a microcontroller based system (8051 or PIC based). Use of PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) can be used to control the RPM of DC geared motors. This system has the advantage of being simple and low cost with a varied flexibility of operation. A collective array of sensors viz. voice sensor, infrared light sensors, proximity sensors etc. can be incorporated to form a feedback induced closed loop system. Whereas for tasks of picking and placing at a fixed location from another location the system can be operational at open-loop. The material for the robotic arm can be polypropylene or acrylic or aluminium to reduce weight without compromising on the strength and lifting capacity of the robotic arm, such that the torque of the DC geared motors (actuators) at each joint are sufficient to lift the arm along with the weight at the end effector. Clutch and gear shifting mechanism can be used to increase the degrees of freedom per actuator. The driving circuit mainly consists of the microcontroller and H-bridge drivers using an 8-bit port to control 4 DC geared motors per port simultaneously or one at a time using delay commands. DC geared motors are quite cheaper than stepper motors and RC Servos thus reducing the total cost of the system drastically. Plus being light weight, DC geared motors reduce the total weight of the system. This paper will also throw light on the programming aspects for the microcontroller (8051 or PIC based) along with the compatible flash programmers and HEX code generators. This project will further explain on the approach followed in the mechanical design of the robotic arm (motion, work volume etc.) as well as the possible future applications of the robotic arm. Also the design of the robotic arm on CAD tools like Solidworks will be discussed in brief along with the modeling and simulation of the various links of the arm as well as the whole assembly of the system. With increasing popularity of Automation, robotic arms are the present and future of all industrial operations. Finally the paper concludes on the further improvements in design and technology.

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