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1
Ivanov, Konstantin. „Aksenov, G .P. Cosminta: Biospheres in Space (Moscow, 2018), ISBN 978- 5-9710-4708-7“. Вопросы истории, естествознания и техники, Nr. 3 (2018): 601–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s020596060001127-1.
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Jiang, Shengbo, Ping Huang, Jiachun Lu und Zhichao Liu. „Fluorinated Ketjen-black as Cathode Material for Lithium Primary Batteries“. E3S Web of Conferences 218 (2020): 02021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021802021.
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Lithium/fluorinated carbon (Li/CFx) batteries are the highest-energy-density primary batteries which are widely used in various field. Herein, the novel fluorinated carbon (CFx) with superior performance are made of fluorination of ketjen-black. The fluorinated ketjen-black (F-KB) as the cathode material of Li/CFx delivered a high specific capacity over 880 mAh g-1 with a discharge plateau ~3.1 V (vs. Li+/Li). The energy density over 2400 Wh kg-1 for F-KB is higher than the theoretical energy density (2180 Wh kg-1) of fluorinated graphite. F-KB can be discharged at high rate of 5C delivering a high-power density of 9710 W kg-1 with the energy density of 1610 Wh kg-1, showing good performance of rate capability.
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Shayan, Kolsoom, und Alireza Nowroozi. „DFT and TD-DFT study of the enol and thiol tautomers of 3-thioxopropanal in the ground and first singlet excited states“. Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry 16, Nr. 04 (02.05.2017): 1750034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219633617500341.
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In the first part of this paper, a comprehensive theoretical study of molecular structure, stability, intramolecular hydrogen bond (IMHB) and [Formula: see text]-electron delocalization ([Formula: see text]-ED) of the enol and thiol tautomers of 3-thioxopropanal (TPA) in the ground state is performed. In this regard, all of the plausible conformations of TPA at M06-2X/6-311[Formula: see text]G(d,p) are optimized and a variety of theoretical levels are employed to identify the global minimum. Our calculations show that E1 is the most stable form that is in contrast to the results of Gonzalez et al. [J Phys Chem 101: 9710, 1997]. In order to elucidate this duality, the IMHB and [Formula: see text]-ED of chelated forms (E1 and T1) have been extensively investigated. So, it is found that both of the IMHB analysis and [Formula: see text]-ED concepts emphasize on the E1, as the global minimum. In the second part of this study, a set of simple electron-withdrawing and electron-donating substituents such as CN, F, Cl, CH3 and NH2 have been considered to evaluate their effects on the IMHB of the first singlet excited state of E1 and T1 at TD-DFT/6–311[Formula: see text]G(d,p) level of theory. According to our analysis, it was found that the IMHB strength of the excited states are much weaker than the ground states. Surprisingly, the IMHB of thiol derivatives is stronger than the enol ones in contrast to the ground state. Furthermore, the substitution effects in the ground and excited states are significantly different. Finally, various linear correlations between the IMHB energies with geometrical, topological and molecular orbital parameters are obtained.
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Spielmann, Nadine, Arthur S. Leon, D. C. Rao, Treva Rice, James S. Skinner, Claude Bouchard und Tuomo Rankinen. „CETP genotypes and HDL-cholesterol phenotypes in the HERITAGE Family Study“. Physiological Genomics 31, Nr. 1 (September 2007): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00281.2006.
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Associations between cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) polymorphisms and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) levels before and after 20 wk of endurance training were investigated in the HERITAGE Family Study. Plasma HDL-c, HDL2-c, HDL3-c, and apolipoprotein (apo)A1 levels were measured, and 13 CETP single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped in 265 blacks and 486 whites. Three haplotypes defined by SNPs at the −1337, −971, and −629 sites were strongly associated with baseline HDL-c levels in whites. Both C−1337T and C−629A were associated with baseline HDL-c ( P < 0.001) and apoA1 ( P < 0.01) when tested separately. However, only C−629A remained significant in a combined model. G−971A was not associated with HDL phenotypes, but showed significant interactions with C−629A ( P = 0.002) on baseline traits. Genotype-by-sex interactions were observed at the −629 locus for HDL3-c ( P = 0.004) and apoA1 ( P = 0.02) training responses in whites. In women, the −629 A/A homozygotes showed greater increases in HDL3-c ( P = 0.02) and apoA1 ( P = 0.02) levels than the other genotypes. Finally, apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype and the CETP C−629A locus contributed independently and in additive fashion to the HDL traits, explaining 6.0–8.8% of the variance. The CETP −1337T and −629A alleles are associated with higher baseline HDL-c and apoA1 levels. The beneficial effects of endurance training on plasma HDL3-c and apoA1 levels are evident in white women homozygous for the −629A allele. The CETP and APOE genotypes account for up to 9% of the variance in HDL-c phenotypes in the HERITAGE Family Study.
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BAJNOK, BÉLA, und RYAN MATZKE. „THE MAXIMUM SIZE OF -SUM-FREE SETS IN CYCLIC GROUPS“. Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 99, Nr. 2 (26.12.2018): 184–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000497271800117x.
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A subset$A$of a finite abelian group$G$is called$(k,l)$-sum-free if the sum of$k$(not necessarily distinct) elements of$A$never equals the sum of$l$(not necessarily distinct) elements of $A$. We find an explicit formula for the maximum size of a$(k,l)$-sum-free subset in$G$for all$k$and$l$in the case when$G$is cyclic by proving that it suffices to consider$(k,l)$-sum-free intervals in subgroups of $G$. This simplifies and extends earlier results by Hamidoune and Plagne [‘A new critical pair theorem applied to sum-free sets in abelian groups’,Comment. Math. Helv. 79(1) (2004), 183–207] and Bajnok [‘On the maximum size of a$(k,l)$-sum-free subset of an abelian group’,Int. J. Number Theory 5(6) (2009), 953–971].
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Song, Zheng, und Qing Sheng Hu. „10Gb/s RS-BCH Concatenated Encoder with Pipelined Strategies for Fiber Communication“. Advanced Materials Research 429 (Januar 2012): 154–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.429.154.
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This paper presents a 10Gb/s concatenated encoder compatible with the protocol of G.975. To achieve the high data rate, 8 RS encoders work based on the pipelined pattern. After the interleaving realized with 8 RAM blocks, the output of RS encoders are sent to 64 BCH encoders which work parallel. This concatenated encoder has been implemented in Xilinx Vertex5 FPGA, and the measurement results show that the data rate of 10Gb/b can be realized under the working frequency of 156MHz. About 9711 registers, 6984 LUTs and 40 Block-RAMs are utilized for the whole encoder.
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López, Pascual, Andrés Marcos und María A. Esteban. „New equation for prediction of water activity in unripe cheese“. Journal of Dairy Research 57, Nr. 4 (November 1990): 587–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029900029630.
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SummaryThe water activity of fresh cheese made from cows', ewes' and goats' milk, as well as curd cheese and whey cheese, responds to the equation aw = 0·9719−0·0044[NaCl] + 0·0041 pH, with a square of multiple correlation coefficient R2 = 0·95. This equation was obtained by multiple regression analysis of data point sets of the variables x (g NaCl/100 g moisture), y (pH) and z (water activity, aw) determined as the average of values provided by six samples of each unripe product. Application of this equation to 30 individual samples of unripe dairy products investigated yielded calculated aw values within ±0·005 and ±0·002 aw units of the experimental water activities in 86·7% and 53·3% of the samples, respectively. These results are closer to the experimental values than those provided by earlier predictive equations.
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Barba de la Rosa, Ana Paulina, Antonio De León-Rodríguez, Bente Laursen und Inge S. Fomsgaard. „Influence of the growing conditions on the flavonoids and phenolic acids accumulation in amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.) leaves.“ REVISTA TERRA LATINOAMERICANA 37, Nr. 4 (28.10.2019): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.28940/terra.v37i4.541.
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Phytochemicals or phenolic compounds are important natural bioactive molecules that plants accumulate in response to environmental conditions and may exert benef icial effects on health by protecting humans against many diseases. The aim of this work was to analyze the influence of biotic and abiotic stress on the accumulation of flavonoids and phenolic acids on leaves of two cultivars of Amaranthus hypochondriacus, which are differentiated by the colour of their leaves (red or green). Phenolic compounds were extracted using the accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) method and their identif ication was carried out by LC-MS analysis. Rutin was the main flavonoid in amaranth leaves; the highest concentrations were found in green leaves when plants were subjected to stress (9715 μg g-1). Phenolic acids were minor compounds; ferulic acid was only present in red leaves (0.5 μg g-1) and p-coumaric acid only in green leaves (0.7 μg g-1). Our results indicate that leaves from A. hypochondriacus, the main species that produce edible seeds, are a good source of phytochemical compounds and their accumulation could be driven by the growing conditions.
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LONDERO, GUILHERME PILAR, Enio Marchesan, Gustavo Mack Teló, Maurício Limberger de Oliveira, Felipe Tonetto, Isac Aires de Castro und Anderson André Hatschbach. „SUPRESSÃO DA IRRIGAÇÃO: REDUÇÃO DO USO DE ÁGUA E PRODUTIVIDADE DO ARROZ IRRIGADO“. IRRIGA 1, Nr. 01 (18.06.2018): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15809/irriga.2016v1n01p43-55.
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SUPRESSÃO DA IRRIGAÇÃO: REDUÇÃO DO USO DE ÁGUA E PRODUTIVIDADE DO ARROZ IRRIGADO GUILHERME PILAR LONDERO1; ENIO MARCHESAN2; GUSTAVO MACK TELÓ3; MAURÍCIO LIMBERGER DE OLIVEIRA4; FELIPE TONETTO5; ISAC AIRES DE CASTRO6 E ANDERSON ANDRÉ HATSCHBACH7 1Doutorando do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº 1000, 97105-900, Santa Maria/RS, e-mail: guilhermelondero@msn.com; 2Professor Titular do Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº 1000, 97105-900, Santa Maria/RS, e-mail: eniomarchesan@gmail.com;3Doutor em Agronomia. Research Associate at Louisiana State University, AgCenter - Weed Science. 4115 Gourrier Av., 70803. Baton Rouge LA, USA. Email: gustavo.telo@yahoo.com.br4Mestrando do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº 1000, 97105-900, Santa Maria/RS, e-mail: mauriciodeoliveira8@hotmail.com; 5Mestrando do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº 1000, 97105-900, Santa Maria/RS, e-mail: feliptonetto@hotmail.com; 6Mestrando do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº 1000, 97105-900, Santa Maria/RS, e-mail: isacaires@yahoo.com.br; 7Graduando em Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº 1000, 97105-900, Santa Maria/RS, e-mail: andersonhatschbach89@gmail.com; 1 RESUMO Um dos desafios da lavoura de arroz irrigado é reduzir o uso de água para irrigação e manter a alta produtividade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produtividade de grãos e a eficiência do uso de água (EUA) de dois cultivares de arroz irrigado submetidos a diferentes épocas de supressão da irrigação. O experimento foi realizado nas safras 2011/12 e 2012/13, na área didático experimental da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul. Foram utilizados dois cultivares: o híbrido INOV CL e o cultivar Puitá INTA CL; e quatro épocas de supressão antecipada da irrigação: 5, 15, 25 e 35 dias após a antese (DAA). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições. Os resultados obtidos na época de supressão de irrigação não afetou a produtividade do híbrido INOV CL nas duas safras. O cultivar Puitá INTA CL apresentou redução de produtividade quando submetido à supressão da irrigação aos 5 e 15 DAA. A maior EUA foi observada para INOV CL nas duas safras. É possível manter a produtividade realizando supressão antecipada de irrigação e reduzir o volume de água aplicado, de acordo com cada cultivar. Palavras-chave: Oryza sativa L., eficiência do uso de água, suspensão da irrigação, volume de água utilizado. LONDERO, G. P.; MARCHESAN, E.; TELÓ, G. M.; OLIVEIRA, M. L.; TONETTO, F.; CASTRO, I. A.; HATSCHBACH, A. A.WITHHOLDING IRRIGATION: REDUCTION OF WATER USE AND GRAIN YIELD OF IRRIGATED RICE 2 ABSTRACT One of the challenges of irrigated rice is to reduce the use of water for irrigation and maintain high level of productivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate grain yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of two rice cultivars subjected to different moments of withholding irrigation. The experiment was conducted during the crop seasons 2011/12 and 2012/13 in the experimental area of the Federal University of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul. Two cultivars were used: the hybrid cultivar INOV CL and Puita INTA CL with four moments of early irrigation withhold: 5, 15, 25 and 35 days after anthesis (DAA). The design was randomized block with four replications. The moment of irrigation withhold did not affect the productivity of hybrid INOV CL in two seasons. The cultivar Puita INTA CL decreased the grain yield only when the withholding irrigation was performed at 5 and 15 DAA. The highest WUE was observed for INOV CL in the two seasons. Productivity can be maintained by performing early irrigation withholding and reduce the amount of water applied, according to the cultivar. Keywords: Oryza sativa L., efficiency of water use, suspension of irrigation, volume of water used. SUPRESSÃO DA IRRIGAÇÃO: REDUÇÃO DO USO DE ÁGUA E PRODUTIVIDADE DO ARROZ IRRIGADO GUILHERME PILAR LONDERO1; ENIO MARCHESAN2; GUSTAVO MACK TELÓ3; MAURÍCIO LIMBERGER DE OLIVEIRA4; FELIPE TONETTO5; ISAC AIRES DE CASTRO6 E ANDERSON ANDRÉ HATSCHBACH7 1Doutorando do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº 1000, 97105-900, Santa Maria/RS, e-mail: guilhermelondero@msn.com; 2Professor Titular do Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº 1000, 97105-900, Santa Maria/RS, e-mail: eniomarchesan@gmail.com;3Doutor em Agronomia. Research Associate at Louisiana State University, AgCenter - Weed Science. 4115 Gourrier Av., 70803. Baton Rouge LA, USA. Email: gustavo.telo@yahoo.com.br4Mestrando do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº 1000, 97105-900, Santa Maria/RS, e-mail: mauriciodeoliveira8@hotmail.com; 5Mestrando do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº 1000, 97105-900, Santa Maria/RS, e-mail: feliptonetto@hotmail.com; 6Mestrando do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº 1000, 97105-900, Santa Maria/RS, e-mail: isacaires@yahoo.com.br; 7Graduando em Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº 1000, 97105-900, Santa Maria/RS, e-mail: andersonhatschbach89@gmail.com; 1 RESUMO Um dos desafios da lavoura de arroz irrigado é reduzir o uso de água para irrigação e manter a alta produtividade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produtividade de grãos e a eficiência do uso de água (EUA) de dois cultivares de arroz irrigado submetidos a diferentes épocas de supressão da irrigação. O experimento foi realizado nas safras 2011/12 e 2012/13, na área didático experimental da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul. Foram utilizados dois cultivares: o híbrido INOV CL e o cultivar Puitá INTA CL; e quatro épocas de supressão antecipada da irrigação: 5, 15, 25 e 35 dias após a antese (DAA). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições. Os resultados obtidos na época de supressão de irrigação não afetou a produtividade do híbrido INOV CL nas duas safras. O cultivar Puitá INTA CL apresentou redução de produtividade quando submetido à supressão da irrigação aos 5 e 15 DAA. A maior EUA foi observada para INOV CL nas duas safras. É possível manter a produtividade realizando supressão antecipada de irrigação e reduzir o volume de água aplicado, de acordo com cada cultivar. Palavras-chave: Oryza sativa L., eficiência do uso de água, suspensão da irrigação, volume de água utilizado. LONDERO, G. P.; MARCHESAN, E.; TELÓ, G. M.; OLIVEIRA, M. L.; TONETTO, F.; CASTRO, I. A.; HATSCHBACH, A. A.WITHHOLDING IRRIGATION: REDUCTION OF WATER USE AND GRAIN YIELD OF IRRIGATED RICE 2 ABSTRACT One of the challenges of irrigated rice is to reduce the use of water for irrigation and maintain high level of productivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate grain yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of two rice cultivars subjected to different moments of withholding irrigation. The experiment was conducted during the crop seasons 2011/12 and 2012/13 in the experimental area of the Federal University of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul. Two cultivars were used: the hybrid cultivar INOV CL and Puita INTA CL with four moments of early irrigation withhold: 5, 15, 25 and 35 days after anthesis (DAA). The design was randomized block with four replications. The moment of irrigation withhold did not affect the productivity of hybrid INOV CL in two seasons. The cultivar Puita INTA CL decreased the grain yield only when the withholding irrigation was performed at 5 and 15 DAA. The highest WUE was observed for INOV CL in the two seasons. Productivity can be maintained by performing early irrigation withholding and reduce the amount of water applied, according to the cultivar. Keywords: Oryza sativa L., efficiency of water use, suspension of irrigation, volume of water used.
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Mäkinen, M., T. Mäkelä, R. Hillamo, J. L. Jaffrezo, W. Maenhaut und M. Bergin. „Size distributions of ionic species in the aerosol in Greenland“. Journal of Aerosol Science 26 (September 1995): S505—S506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-8502(95)97160-g.
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Klosterman, Richard E. „Microcomputers in urban and regional planning: Lessons from the past, directions for the future“. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 14, Nr. 3 (Januar 1990): 177–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0198-9715(90)90007-g.
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Langendorf, Richard. „Book review essay: Presentation graphics part II“. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 15, Nr. 1-2 (Januar 1991): 69–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0198-9715(91)90046-g.
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Langendorf, Richard. „Technological transition in Cartography“. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 15, Nr. 1-2 (Januar 1991): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0198-9715(91)90053-g.
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Mainguenaud, M., und X. T. Simatic. „A data model to deal with multi-scaled networks“. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 16, Nr. 4 (Juli 1992): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0198-9715(92)90009-g.
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Morrison, Joel L. „Modernization and multiscale databases at the U.S. geological survey“. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 16, Nr. 4 (Juli 1992): 313–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0198-9715(92)90012-g.
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Collinson, Helen. „Holes in the net“. Computers & Security 14, Nr. 5 (Januar 1995): 413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-4048(95)97102-g.
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Mor-Avi, Victor, Sanjeev G, Shroff, Kimberly A. Robinson, Philippe R. Vignon, Arthur F. Ng, Claudia Korcarz, Solange Akselrod und Roberto M. Lang. „971-55 Can Regional Myocardial Tissue Blood Flow be Measured in Terms of ml/min/g Using Contrast Echocardiography?“ Journal of the American College of Cardiology 25, Nr. 2 (Februar 1995): 246A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-1097(95)92482-k.
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Ge, Haibo, Shi Chen und Jia Zhu. „Lack of association between polymorphism of IL-2 -330T/G and pulmonary tuberculosis among Caucasians“. Innate Immunity 26, Nr. 5 (06.01.2020): 398–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753425919891579.
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This meta-analysis was conducted to assess the consistency and strength of the relationship between polymorphism of IL-2 -330T/G and susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). PubMed, Web of Knowledge and CNKI were searched to find eligible studies about the relationship between IL-2 -330T/G polymorphism and susceptibility to pulmonary TB. A total of eight studies comprising 971 cases and 1519 controls were grouped together for the purpose of elucidating the relationship between polymorphism of IL-2 -330T/G and pulmonary TB susceptibility. The allele model (G vs. T: odds ratio (OR) = 1.34; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05–1.71, Phet = 0.001) and the recessive model (GG+GT vs. TT: OR = 1.60; 95% CI 1.08–2.38, Phet = 0.0001) showed an increased risk of development of pulmonary TB. However, the homozygous model (GG vs. TT: OR = 1.74; 95% CI 0.98–3.09, Phet = 0.0005) and the dominant model (GG vs. TT + TG: OR = 1.30; 95% CI = 0.80-2.14, Phet = 0.001) failed to show an increased incidence of pulmonary TB. When analysis was stratified by ethnicity, no obvious associations were identified in the Caucasian subgroup under all four genetic models. Additionally, heterogeneity disappeared in the analysis of Caucasian subgroup. Our combined data suggested that there was no association between IL-2 -330T/G polymorphism and pulmonary TB among Caucasians.
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Xu, Qin, Ying Yang, Fangchao Liu, Long Wang, Qiaomei Wang, Haiping Shen, Zongyu Xu et al. „Preconception Hb concentration with risk of spontaneous abortion: a population-based cohort study in over 3·9 million women across rural China“. Public Health Nutrition 23, Nr. 16 (05.03.2020): 2963–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019003811.
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AbstractObjective:Evidence on the relationship between maternal Hb concentration and spontaneous abortion (SA) risk is limited and conflicting. The purpose of the study was to evaluate whether maternal preconception anaemia or high Hb concentration is associated with risk of SA.Design:A population-based cohort study established between 2013 and 2017.Settings:Local maternal and child care service centres in each county.Participants:In total, 3 971 428 women aged 20–49 years, who participated in National Free Pre-Pregnancy Checkups Project from 2013 to 2016 and successfully got pregnant before 2017 in rural China.Results:A total of 101 700 (2·56 %) women were recorded having SA, with highest SA rate in women with severe anaemia (4·58 %). Compared with women with Hb of 110–149 g/l, the multivariable-adjusted OR for SA was 1·52 (95 % CI: 1·25, 1·86) for women with Hb < 70 g/l, 0·92 (0·84, 1·01) for 70–99 g/l, 0·80 (0·77, 0·83) for 100–109 g/l, 1·11 (1·08, 1·15) for 150–159 g/l, 1·12 (1·04, 1·20) for 160–169 g/l and 1·02 (0·93, 1·12) for ≥ 170 g/l, respectively. An approximate U-shaped curve for the risk of SA with Hb concentrations was observed when Hb concentrations less than 145 g/l, above which the association plateaued (Pnon-linear < 0·001).Conclusions:Severe anaemia and high Hb concentration before pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of SA. Women with mild anaemia prior to pregnancy had lower risk of SA. Underlying mechanisms need to be further studied.
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Loddo, Donato, Per Kudsk, Bruno Costa, Natalino Dalla Valle und Maurizio Sattin. „Sensitivity Analysis of Alisma plantago-aquatica L., Cyperus difformis L. and Schoenoplectus mucronatus (L.) Palla to Penoxsulam“. Agronomy 8, Nr. 10 (08.10.2018): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy8100220.
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Determining the intra-specific variability of response to a given herbicide is important for monitoring the possible shifts in the sensitivity of weed populations. This study describes the responses of populations of Alisma plantago-aquatica, Cyperus difformis, and Schoenoplectus mucronatus from Italy, Greece, Portugal, and Spain to penoxsulam, an acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor widely used in rice. To evaluate previously evolved resistance to ALS inhibitors, sensitivity to azimsulfuron and bensulfuron-methyl was assessed. Dose-response experiments with penoxsulam were performed in a greenhouse simulating paddy rice field conditions. Log-logistic dose-response curves were used to estimate the ED50, ED80, ED90 and GR50, GR80, and GR90. To calculate the average ED and GR and assess the intra-specific variability, an artificial resampling method was performed. Populations ALSPA 0364, 0365, 0469, 0470, 0471; SCPMU 0371, 0475, 0267; CYPDI 0013, 0431, 0432, 0433 appeared to be resistant to sulfonylureas, while a higher sensitivity to penoxsulam was observed, while populations ALSPA 0363, CYPDI 0223 and SCPMU 9719 proved to be cross-resistant. Regardless of species, ED90 of susceptible populations were below penoxsulam label dose (40 g ai ha−1) while they reached values higher than 320 g ai ha−1 for resistant populations. Average GR50 were generally lower than ED50. Sensitivity variability among susceptible populations is relatively low, allowing for discrimination between susceptible and resistant populations, and previously evolved resistance to sulfonylureas can influence sensitivity to penoxsulam.
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Pathak, Ashutosh, und Sadhana J. Rajput. „Development of a Stability-Indicating High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Alprazolam and Sertraline in Combined Dosage Forms“. Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 91, Nr. 6 (01.06.2008): 1344–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/91.6.1344.
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Abstract The objective of the current study was to develop a validated stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatographic method for alprazolam and sertraline in combined dosage forms. The method was validated by subjecting the drugs to forced decomposition under hydrolysis, oxidation, photolysis, and thermal stress conditions prescribed by the International Conference on Harmonization. The drugs were successfully separated from major and minor degradation products on a reversed-phase C18 column by using 75 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (pH 4.3)acetonitrilemethanol (50 45 5, v/v/v) as the mobile phase with determination at 227 nm. The flow rate was 0.9 mL/min. The method was validated with respect to linearity, precision, accuracy, system suitability, and robustness. The responses were linear over the ranges of 180 and 5200 g/mL for alprazolam and sertraline, respectively. The recoveries of both drugs from a mixture of degradation products were in the range of 97101. The utility of the procedure was verified by its application to marketed formulations that were subjected to accelerated stability studies. The method distinctly separated the drugs and degradation products, even in actual samples. The products formed in marketed tablets were similar to those formed during stress studies.
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Prange, Lyndsey, Milton Pratt, Kristin Herman, Raphael Schiffmann, David M. Mueller, Melissa McLean, Mary Moya Mendez et al. „D-DEMØ, a distinct phenotype caused by ATP1A3 mutations“. Neurology Genetics 6, Nr. 5 (04.08.2020): e466. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/nxg.0000000000000466.
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ObjectiveTo describe a phenotype caused by ATP1A3 mutations, which manifests as dystonia, dysmorphism of the face, encephalopathy with developmental delay, brain MRI abnormalities always including cerebellar hypoplasia, no hemiplegia (Ø) (D-DEMØ), and neonatal onset.MethodsReview and analysis of clinical and genetic data.ResultsPatients shared the above traits and had whole-exome sequencing that showed de novo variants of the ATP1A3 gene, predicted to be disease causing and occurring in regions of the protein critical for pump function. Patient 1 (c.1079C>G, p.Thr360Arg), an 8-year-old girl, presented on day 1 of life with episodic dystonia, complex partial seizures, and facial dysmorphism. MRI of the brain revealed cerebellar hypoplasia. Patient 2 (c.420G>T, p.Gln140His), an 18-year-old man, presented on day 1 of life with hypotonia, tremor, and facial dysmorphism. He later developed dystonia. MRI of the brain revealed cerebellar hypoplasia and, later, further cerebellar volume loss (atrophy). Patient 3 (c.974G>A, Gly325Asp), a 13-year-old girl, presented on day 1 of life with tremor, episodic dystonia, and facial dysmorphism. MRI of the brain showed severe cerebellar hypoplasia. Patient 4 (c.971A>G, p.Glu324Gly), a 14-year-old boy, presented on day 1 of life with tremor, hypotonia, dystonia, nystagmus, facial dysmorphism, and later seizures. MRI of the brain revealed moderate cerebellar hypoplasia.ConclusionsD-DEMØ represents an ATP1A3-related phenotype, the observation of which should trigger investigation for ATP1A3 mutations. Our findings, and the presence of multiple distinct ATP1A3-related phenotypes, support the possibility that there are differences in the underlying mechanisms.
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Kyriazakis, I., G. C. Emmans und C. T. Whittemore. „Diet selection in pigs: choices made by growing pigs given foods of different protein concentrations“. Animal Science 51, Nr. 1 (August 1990): 189–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100005298.
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ABSTRACTTo test the proposition that growing pigs, when given a choice between two foods, are able to select a diet that meets their requirements, and to investigate the rules of diet selection, four foods (L, A, B and H) with similar energy yields, but different concentrations of crude protein (CP) (125, 174, 213 and 267 g CP per kg fresh food respectively) were formulated. The four foods were offeredad libitumeither singly, or as a two-way choice using all the six possible pairs, to 40 individually caged pigs from 12 to 30 kg live weight. On the single foods the rate of food intake fell from 1001 to 971 to 961 to 868 (s.e.d. 40) g/day (F < 0·05) as the protein concentration of the foods increased from L to H; the growth rate followed an opposite trend (492, 627, 743 and 693 (s.e.d. 31) g/day respectively;P< 0·01). When the pigs had to select between two foods limiting in protein (L and A) the less limiting one was preferred (710 (s.e. 200) g A per kg total food intake; the protein concentration of the selected diet was 160 (s.e. 10) g CP per kg). On the choice between B and H (a choice between a food with protein concentration close to requirements and a food with protein excess) the lower food was markedly preferred (928 (s.e. 4) g B per kg total food intake; the protein concentration of the selected diet was 218 (s.e. 1) g CP per kg). When the animals were given a choice between two foods, a combination of which was non-limiting (pairs LB, LH, AB and AH), the protein concentrations of the selected diets were not different between treatments (208, 204, 202 and 205 (s.e.d. 13) g CP per kg respectively) and they also declined systematically with time and weight. The growth rate of the animals on these pairs were 752, 768, 769 and 763 (s.e.d. 54) g/day (P > 0·05), which were not significantly different from the highest growth rate achieved on a single food. The results suggest that pigs, when given a choice between a suitable pair of foods, are able to choose a balanced diet and to change its composition to reflect their changing requirements. The choice-feeding method may well be useful as an effective and economic way of estimating and meeting requirements, and of measuring the growth potential of pigs.
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Turfan, Nezahat. „Variation in Chemicals and Growth Parameters of Taşköprü Garlic“. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 8, Nr. 4 (26.04.2020): 847–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v8i4.847-854.2969.
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Main goals of the present study were (1) to initially investigate the nutrient contents and bioactive compounds in the bulb and cloves of garlic, and (2) to study the growth parameter after planting. Garlic bulbs were firstly separated into three categories as pickled, big and small, while the big garlic cloves were also classified into three categories as big, small and central. Secondly, the garlic samples were analyzed before planting for their element profile, proline, soluble protein, free amino acid, β-carotene, lycopene, total phenolic, soluble sugars, SOD and α-amylase activities. Finally, the growth parameters were measured using the cultivated cloves and the pickled bulbs. According to the result, the highest soluble protein, N, phenolic, lycopene and α amylase activity (97.06 mg, 2.58%, 971 mg, 0.368 mg and 38.13 EU, respectively) were recorded in the biggest cloves. The highest proline, amino acid, glucose content (93.84 µmol, 23.54 mg, 230.89 mg, respectively) and K, P, S, Mg, Mn, Fe and Zn (21940 ppm, 7577 ppm, 12200 ppm, 504 ppm, 38.1ppm, 377,7ppm and 44.5 ppm, respectively) were found in the pickled bulb. The maximum level of β-carotene (0.282 mg), Ca, Cl and Sr (11260ppm, 818.7ppm and 47.9 ppm) were determined in the small bulbs. Based on the growth parameters of seedlings, the highest value of shoot and root length (39.12 cm and 24.11 cm respectively), the fresh weight of shoot and root (5.29 g and 4.54 g respectively) and dry weight of shoot and root (1.70 g and 1.24 g respectively) were noted with the big cloves. The results of the current study have indicated that the pickled cloves have higher macro and micro nutrients, proline, amino acid and glucose, while the big cloves of garlic have higher proline, phenolic, N%, lycopene and amylase activity. It can be said that the big cloves showed good value for the five bioactive compounds, but the pickled exhibited good value for the macro and micro element and glucose.
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LONDERO, GUILHERME PILAR, Enio Marchesan, Evandro Parisotto, Lucas Lopes Coelho, Camille Flores Soares, Anelise Lencina Da Silva und Bruno Behenck Aramburu. „QUALIDADE INDUSTRIAL DE GRÃOS DE ARROZ DECORRENTE DA SUPRESSÃO DA IRRIGAÇÃO E UMIDADE DE COLHEITA“. IRRIGA 20, Nr. 3 (12.10.2015): 587–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.15809/irriga.2015v20n3p587.
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QUALIDADE INDUSTRIAL DE GRÃOS DE ARROZ DECORRENTE DA SUPRESSÃO DA IRRIGAÇÃO E UMIDADE DE COLHEITA GUILHERME PILAR LONDERO¹; ENIO MARCHESAN²; EVANDRO PARISOTTO³; LUCAS LOPES COELHO4, BRUNO BEHENCK ARAMBURU4; CAMILLE SOARES FLORES4 E ANELISE LENCINA DA SILVA4 1 Mestrando do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº 1000, 97105-900, Santa Maria/RS, e-mail: guilhermelondero@msn.com;2 Professor Titular do Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº 1000, 97105-900, Santa Maria/RS, e-mail: eniomarchesan@gmail.com;3 Desenvolvimento de Mercado, Ricetec Sementes Ltda., Rua 18 de novembro nº 341, 90240-040, Porto Alegre/RS, e-mail: eparisotto@ricetec-sa.com. 4 Graduando em Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima nº 1000, 97105-900, Santa Maria/RS, e-mails: lucas_l_c@hotmail.com; bruno.behenck@gmail.com; camille-flores@hotmail.com; anelise_lencina@yahoo.com.br. 1 RESUMO A qualidade dos grãos do arroz irrigado é fator fundamental para sua comercialização. Neste sentido, objetivou-se avaliar, com a realização do presente estudo, a qualidade industrial de grãos de dois cultivares de arroz irrigado em função de épocas de supressão da irrigação e graus de umidade à colheita. O experimento foi realizado nas safras 2011/12 e 2012/13 na área didático experimental de várzea da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul. Os tratamentos foram compostos de: dois cultivares: o híbrido INOV CL e o cultivar Puitá INTA CL; quatro épocas de supressão da irrigação: 5, 15, 25 e 35 dias após a antese (DAA); e cinco graus de umidade média dos grãos na colheita: 24, 22, 20, 18 e 16%. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições por tratamento. O cultivar Puitá INTA CL apresenta superior qualidade em relação a grãos inteiros, vítreos, gessados e opacos ao híbrido INOV CL. A umidade adequada dos grãos à colheita para ambos cultivares ocorre no intervalo de 24 a 20%. A supressão de irrigação não interfere na qualidade de grãos inteiros, vítreos, opacos e gessados. Palavras-Chave: beneficiamento; grão inteiro; grão gessado; grão opaco; Oryza sativa L. LONDERO, G. P.¹; MARCHESAN, E.²; PARISOTTO, E.³; COELHO, L. L.4; ARAMBURU, B. B.4; FLORES, C. S.4; da SILVA, A. L. 4INDUSTRIAL QUALITY OF RICE GRAINS ARISING FROM THE WITHHOLDING OF IRRIGATION AND HARVEST MOISTURE 2 ABSTRACT Quality of irrigated rice grains is critical for their marketing. In this context, the study aimed to evaluate the industrial quality of two irrigated rice cultivars as a function of two times of irrigation withholding, and moisture content at harvest. The experiment was conducted during the 2011/12 and 2012/13 seasons in the experimental floodplain of the Federal University of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The treatments consisted of two cultivars: hybrid INOV CL and Puitá INTA CL ; four irrigation withholding times: 5, 15, 25 and 35 days after anthesis (DAA); and five levels of mean grain moisture at harvest; 24, 22, 20, 18 and 16 %. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replicates per treatment. The cv. Puitá INTA CL presented higher quality concerning milling, translucency, opacity and chalky grains than the cv. hybrid INOV CL. Suitable moisture content of grains at harvest for both cultivars is at the range of 24 to 20%. Irrigation withholding did not affect milling quality, translucency, opacity and chalky grains. Keywords: Processing, milling quality, chalky grain, opacity, Oryza sativa.
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Mossman, David J. „Emeralds of the World.: Edited by G. Giuliani, M. Jarnot, G. Neumeier, T. Ottaway, J. Sinkankas and G. Staebler, English edition. Lapis International LLC, P.O. Box 263, East Hampton, Connecticut 06424, U.S.A., 2002, 99 p. US$26 + $3 shipping to non-U.S. addresses, soft cover (ISBN 0-971-5371-1-9).“ Canadian Mineralogist 41, Nr. 1 (01.02.2003): 233–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gscanmin.41.1.233.
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Marubini, E., und M. G. Valsecchi. „Analysing Survival Data from Clinical Trials and Observational Studies; E. Marubini & M. G. Valsecchi Published by John Wiley & Sons 414 pages ISBN 0-971-93987-0“. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 41, Nr. 1 (Januar 1996): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.1996.tb00162.x.
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Moskowitz, Gerard W. „Imaging of Diseases of the Chest Edited by Peter Armstrong, Alan G. Wilson, Paul Dee, and David M. Hansell, St. Louis, Mosby-Year Book, Inc., 1994, 971 pages“. Clinical Nuclear Medicine 20, Nr. 9 (September 1995): 851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003072-199509000-00027.
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Stewart, Alexander E., und Darrell H. Hunsaker. „Fungus-Specific IgG and IgE in Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis“. Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 127, Nr. 4 (Oktober 2002): 324–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mhn.2002.126801.
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OBJECTIVE: Our study goal was to study fungus-specific immunoglobulins G (sIgG) and E (sIgE) in polypoid rhinosinusitis with and without evidence of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFS). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: A prospective analysis was conducted of fungal sIgG and sIgE using a 9-mold RAST panel in 13 AFS, 11 AFS-like, and 27 non-AFS polypoid rhinosinusitis patients. Nonpolyp controls included 17 volunteers with allergic rhinitis and 11 with no atopic history. RESULTS: All groups had elevated fungal sIgG levels. Polyps, increasing polyp severity, and AFS were associated with elevated fungal sIgG to a greater number of molds. The AFS group had sIgE elevations (≥class II) to an average of 5 molds versus only 0.1 in the non-AFS polyp group. Total IgE was 971 U/mL versus 64 U/mL, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple elevations of fungal sIgE are adequate diagnostic evidence of these fungi when fungal cultures and histologic examinations are negative in diagnosing AFS. The significance of increased fungal sIgG remains unclear. SIGNIFICANCE: Early recognition of AFS may be facilitated by screening polypoid rhinosinusitis patients with total serum IgE and RAST testing.
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Stallone, John N., Ronald L. Salisbury und Clifford T. Fulton. „Androgen-receptor defect abolishes sex differences in nitric oxide and reactivity to vasopressin in rat aorta“. Journal of Applied Physiology 91, Nr. 6 (01.12.2001): 2602–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2001.91.6.2602.
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Contractions of rat thoracic aorta to vasopressin (VP) are threefold higher in females (F) than in males (M), primarily because nitric oxide (NO) attenuation of contraction is greater in M. To determine the role of the androgen receptor (AR) in this mechanism, vascular reactivity to VP was examined in thoracic aorta of the testicular-feminized male (Tfm) rat, which has an X-linked, recessive defect in AR function in affected M. Maximal contraction of normal aortas to VP was fourfold higher in F (4,128 ± 291 mg/mg ring wt) than in M (971 ± 133 mg); maximal response of Tfm (3,967 ± 253 mg) was similar to that of normal F. N G-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester increased maximal response to VP threefold in M but had no effect in F or Tfm. In contrast, maximal contraction of normal aortas to phenylephrine was 43% higher in M (4,011 ± 179 mg) than in F (2,809 ± 78 mg); maximal response of Tfm (2,716 ± 126 mg) was similar to that of normal F. N G-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester increased maximal response to phenylephrine by >50% in F and Tfm but had no effect in M. Maximal contractile response to 80 mM KCl did not differ among M, F, or Tfm. Thus androgens and normal vascular AR function are important in the greater NO-mediated attenuation of reactivity to VP in M than in F rat aorta, which may involve specific modulation of endothelial VP signal transduction pathways and NO release by androgens. These data also establish the importance of the Tfm rat as a model to study the effects of androgens on cardiovascular function.
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Rzepczynski, Mark S. „The Equity Risk Premium: Essays and Explorations (A review): The Equity Risk Premium: Essays and Explorations 2006 William N. Goetzmann Roger G. Ibbotson Oxford University Press (800) 445-9714, www.oup.com . 550 pages, $65.00.“ Financial Analysts Journal 64, Nr. 2 (Februar 2008): 93–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2469/faj.v64.n2.14.
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Thompson, D. A. „Book review: Arid Zone Geomorphology: Processes, Form and Change in Drylands, 2nd edn., edited by D. S. G. Thomas. Wiley, Chichester, 1997. ISBN 0-471-97160-X, £24·95 (paperback), xviiii+713 pp.“ Land Degradation & Development 10, Nr. 1 (Januar 1999): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-145x(199901/02)10:1<89::aid-ldr309>3.0.co;2-r.
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Lin, Wei-Chi, Liang-Chen Wang, Te-Ling Pang und Mei-Yu Chen. „Actin-binding protein G (AbpG) participates in modulating the actin cytoskeleton and cell migration in Dictyostelium discoideum“. Molecular Biology of the Cell 26, Nr. 6 (15.03.2015): 1084–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e14-05-0972.
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Cell migration is involved in various physiological and pathogenic events, and the complex underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. The simple eukaryote Dictyostelium discoideum displays chemotactic locomotion in stages of its life cycle. By characterizing a Dictyostelium mutant defective in chemotactic responses, we identified a novel actin-binding protein serving to modulate cell migration and named it actin-binding protein G (AbpG); this 971–amino acid (aa) protein contains an N-terminal type 2 calponin homology (CH2) domain followed by two large coiled-coil regions. In chemoattractant gradients, abpG− cells display normal directional persistence but migrate significantly more slowly than wild-type cells; expressing Flag-AbpG in mutant cells eliminates the motility defect. AbpG is enriched in cortical/lamellipodial regions and colocalizes well with F-actin; aa 401–600 and aa 501–550 fragments of AbpG show the same distribution as full-length AbpG. The aa 501–550 region of AbpG, which is essential for AbpG to localize to lamellipodia and to rescue the phenotype of abpG− cells, is sufficient for binding to F-actin and represents a novel actin-binding protein domain. Compared with wild-type cells, abpG− cells have significantly higher F-actin levels. Collectively our results suggest that AbpG may participate in modulating actin dynamics to optimize cell locomotion.
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Michel, Klaus-Peter, und Elfriede K. Pistorius. „Isolation Of A Photosystem Ii Associated 36 Kda Polypeptide And An Iron-Stress 34 Kda Polypeptide From Thylakoid Membranes Of The Cyanobacterium Synechococcus Pcc 6301 Grown Under Mild Iron Deficiency“. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 47, Nr. 11-12 (01.12.1992): 867–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1992-11-1213.
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A 36 kDa polypeptide which previously was shown to be present in purified photosystem II complexes from Synechococcus PCC 6301 and which crossreacts with the antiserum raised against the soluble L-amino acid oxidase of 50 kDa from Synechococcus PCC 6301 (A. E. Gau, G. Wälzlein, S. Gärtner, M. Kuhlmann, and E. K. Pistorius, Z. Naturforsch. 44c, 971, 1989), was isolated from thylakoid membranes of the same cyanobacterium grown under mild iron deficiency. This peptide is present in about equal amounts in thylakoid membranes of Synechococcus PCC 6301 grown under regular or iron deficient conditions. The antiserum raised against this thylakoid membrane bound 36 kDa peptide crossreacts with the soluble L-amino acid oxidase of 50 kDa. These results further support our conclusion that the thylakoid membrane bound 36 kDa polypeptide is a modified form of the soluble 50 kDa L-amino acid oxidase. In addition, a 34 kD a polypeptide was isolated from iron stressed thylakoid membranes, and an antiserum was also raised against this protein. Immunoblot experiments with this antiserum show that the 34 kDa peptide is present in elevated amounts in thylakoid membranes from Synechococcus cells grown under iron deficiency and that it is alm ost absent in thylakoid membranes from cells grown under regular conditions
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Liu, Jinke, Letian Qi, Guihua Yang, Yu Xue, Ming He, Lucian A. Lucia und Jiachuan Chen. „Enhancement of Lignin Extraction of Poplar by Treatment of Deep Eutectic Solvent with Low Halogen Content“. Polymers 12, Nr. 7 (18.07.2020): 1599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12071599.
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A novel choline-based deep eutectic solvent (DES) with low halogen content—namely choline lactate-lactic acid (CLL)—was synthesized by replacing the chloride anion with lactate anion in choline chloride-lactic acid (CCL). CLL and CCL treatments were conducted at 140 °C for 12 h with hydrogen bond acceptor/hydrogen bond donor =1/10, thereafter composition analysis and characterizations of the lignin extracted by DES treatment (DES lignin) and the solid residue were carried out. The proposed low halogen content DES presented an improved lignin extraction efficiency. The CLL treatment extracted 90.13% of initial lignin from poplar, while CCL extracted 86.02%. In addition, the CLL treatment also provided DES lignin with an improved purity (91.17%), lower molecular weight (Mw/Mn=1805/971 g/mol) and more concentrated distribution (polydispersity index=1.86). The efficient lignin extraction was mainly ascribed to the cleavage of β-O-4 bonds in lignin macromolecule, especially in the guaiacyl units, thereby breaking them into smaller molecules, facilitating the lignin extraction. The replacement of chloride anion allowed CLL acting as a more efficient DES to interact with lignin macromolecules, thus providing lignin with higher uniformity and suitable molecular weight. The low halogen content DES system proposed in present work could benefit the fractionation of biomass, improve the valorization of lignin compounds and facilitate industrial process in the downstream.
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Maughan, Ronald J., Stuart J. Merson, Nick P. Broad und Susan M. Shirreffs. „Fluid and Electrolyte Intake and Loss in Elite Soccer Players during Training“. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 14, Nr. 3 (Juni 2004): 333–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.14.3.333.
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This study measured fluid balance during a 90-min preseason training session in the first team squad (24 players) of an English Premier League football team. Sweat loss was assessed from changes in body mass after correction for ingested fluids and urine passed. Sweat composition was measured by collection from patches attached to the skin at 4 sites. The weather was warm (24-29 °C), with moderate humidity (46–64%). The mean ± SD body mass loss over the training session was 1.10 ± 0.43 kg, equivalent to a level of dehydration of 1.37 ± 0.54% of the pre-training body mass. Mean fluid intake was 971 ± 303 ml. Estimated total mean sweat loss was 2033 ±413 ml. Mean sweat electrolyte concentrations (mmol/L) were: sodium,49± 12; potassium,6.0± 1.3;chloride, 43 ± 10. Total sweat sodium loss of 99 ± 24 mmol corresponds to a salt (sodium chloride) loss of 5.8 ± 1.4 g. Mean urine osmolality measured on pre-training samples provided by the players was 666 ±311 mosmol/kg (n=21). These data indicate that sweat losses of water and solute in football players in training can be substantial but vary greatly between players even with the same exercise and environmental conditions. Voluntary fluid intake also shows wide inter-individual variability and is generally insufficient to match fluid losses.
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Guler Kazanci, Elif, Mehmet Buyuktiryaki, Handan Unsal und Cuneyt Tayman. „Useful Platelet Indices for the Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Patent Ductus Arteriosus“. American Journal of Perinatology 36, Nr. 14 (14.05.2019): 1521–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1688821.
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Objective The aim of this study was to assess the utility of early postnatal platelet indices in the prediction of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) and its response to pharmacological treatment in preterm infants. Study Design The medical records of 971 infants with gestational age < 30 weeks and birth weight < 1,500 g were analyzed retrospectively. Infants with hsPDA comprised the study group and those without hsPDA comprised the control group. Complete blood count results were recorded, and red cell distribution width-to-platelet ratio (RPR) and platelet mass were calculated. Results A total of 481 infants, 169 in the hsPDA group and 312 in the control group, were included. In terms of platelet indices, the hsPDA group showed significantly lower mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet mass, whereas RPR was significantly higher (p < 0.05, respectively). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that RDS (relative ratio [RR]: 2.39; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.45–3.93; p < 0.001), MPV < 7.85 (RR: 3.71; 95% CI: 2.29–6.01; p < 0.001), and RPR > 0.070 (RR: 5.33; 95% CI: 3.28–8.65; p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for hsPDA. Conclusion Low MPV and platelet mass and high RPR in the first hours of life are risk factors for hsPDA and hsPDA refractive to pharmacological treatment with ibuprofen in preterm infants.
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TROCCON, J. L., J. B. COULON und F. LESCOURRET. „Carrière des vaches laitières : caractérisation de la phase d’élevage et relation avec les performances en première lactation“. INRAE Productions Animales 7, Nr. 5 (27.11.1994): 359–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.1994.7.5.4180.
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Les courbes de croissance de 971 génisses qui ont vêlé pour la première fois entre 1967 et 1991 dans les domaines expérimentaux INRA de Marcenat (Cantal), Theix et Orcival (Puy de Dôme) sont analysées ainsi que leurs conséquences sur les performances au début de la 1ère lactation. Ces génisses des races Montbéliarde, Frisonne, Holstein et les 2 croisements Holstein ont vêlé pour la première fois vers l’âge de 2 ans (274 vêlages précoces) ou de 3 ans (697 vêlages tardifs). Le poids vif après le premier vêlage des primipares précoces est plus faible de 83 kg et leur production laitière ajustée est réduite de 2 kg/j. Les cas de mortalité des veaux produits, de soins génitaux et de mammites sont accrus chez les vaches primipares précoces. Ces 2 populations ont été analysées séparément. Les profils de croissance issus de la classification des génisses selon leurs gains de poids vifs (4 pour les primipares précoces et 7 pour les primipares tardives) conduisent à des poids vifs après le premier vêlage de 470 à 490 kg pour les vaches primipares précoces et de 510 à 610 kg pour les vaches primipares tardives. Les différences maximales de poids vif étaient de 45 kg à l’âge de 6 mois et de 81 kg à l’âge de 12 mois. La différence de profil de croissance des vaches primipares précoces (4 profils identifiés) n’a pas d’incidence sur la production laitière au début de la première lactation. La production laitière des vaches primipares tardives augmente de 1,8 kg/j lorsque leur poids vif après le premier vêlage augmente de 530 à 590 kg. Le profil de croissance recommandé pour les génisses primipares tardives pourrait présenter des croîts modérés de la naissance aux âges de 6 ou 12 mois (700 g/j) puis jusqu’après le premier vêlage (400 g/j) sans pénaliser l’expression du potentiel laitier. Ces valeurs sont dans la moyenne des gains de poids vif de notre population de génisses primipares tardives.
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Dai, Zhaoli, S. Reza Jafarzadeh, Jingbo Niu, David T. Felson, Paul F. Jacques, Shanshan Li und Yuqing Zhang. „Body Mass Index Mediates the Association between Dietary Fiber and Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis in the Osteoarthritis Initiative and the Framingham Osteoarthritis Study“. Journal of Nutrition 148, Nr. 12 (01.12.2018): 1961–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxy231.
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ABSTRACT Background Dietary fiber reduces body weight and inflammation in clinical trials. It is unclear whether body mass index (BMI) and inflammation might explain the observed association between higher fiber intake and the lower risk of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (SXKOA). Objectives We quantified the extent to which BMI and inflammation influenced the relation between dietary fiber and SXKOA. Methods We used longitudinal data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) and the Framingham Offspring Osteoarthritis Study. At baseline of each study, men and women (mean age: 61 y) with or at risk of knee osteoarthritis were followed for 48 mo in the OAI. Adults (mean age: 53 y) were followed for 9.5 y in the Framingham study. Dietary fiber intake was estimated using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Measured weight and height were used to calculate BMI. Serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured in the Framingham study only. Incident SXKOA was defined as new onset of a combination of knee pain and radiographic osteoarthritis. We applied marginal structural models to quantify the mediation through BMI in the OAI and the sequential mediation through BMI and CRP in the Framingham study. Results Incident SXKOA occurred in 861 knees among 2876 persons in the OAI and in 143 knees among 971 persons in the Framingham study. In persons whose fiber intake was ≥21 g/d compared with those with intakes <21 g/d, the OR (95% CI) was 0.70 (0.53, 0.91) for the overall association with SXKOA and was 0.93 (0.92, 0.95) for the mediation via BMI (per kg/m2) in the OAI. In the Framingham study, the overall association was 0.57 (0.30, 1.09), the mediation through BMI (via BMI and the influence of BMI on CRP) was 0.94 (0.85, 1.02), and the mediation through CRP (per milligram per liter) was 0.99 (0.84, 1.19). Conclusion Our findings suggest that the inverse association of fiber intake and the risk of incident symptomatic knee osteoarthritis is partially mediated by BMI.
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Greenstreet, Simon P. R., Gayle J. Holland, Emma J. Guirey, Eric Armstrong, Helen M. Fraser und Iain M. Gibb. „Combining hydroacoustic seabed survey and grab sampling techniques to assess “local” sandeel population abundance“. ICES Journal of Marine Science 67, Nr. 5 (08.02.2010): 971–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsp292.
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Abstract Greenstreet, S. P. R., Holland, G. J., Guirey, E. J., Armstrong, E., Fraser, H. M., and Gibb, I. M. 2010. Combining hydroacoustic seabed survey and grab sampling techniques to assess “local” sandeel population abundance. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 971–984. Sandeels (Ammodytes marinus) are a critical prey of many top predators in the North Sea, and have also been the target of a major industrial fishery. To quantify resource allocation between competing predators, and between natural predators and fishers, and to assess the impact of each source of mortality on sandeel population dynamics, estimates of the absolute abundance of sandeels at the spatial scale at which these interactions take place are required. In this study, hydroacoustic seabed survey and nocturnal grab surveys are combined to examine variation in the abundance of sandeels at a sandbank complex off southeast Scotland. Grab surveys provide point estimates of sandeel density and sediment composition data, which are used to define sandeel sediment preference categories. The total area of each sandeel sediment preference category is determined by hydroacoustic seabed survey. Sandeel population abundance recovered immediately following the closure of the sandeel fishery. However, simply closing the fishery was not sufficient to maintain the size of the local sandeel stock; the population is also highly dependent on good recruitment. We demonstrate how this combination of techniques might be used to examine variation in overwintering mortality rates in sandeels.
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Tidd, Alex N., Trevor Hutton, Laurence T. Kell und Gurpreet Padda. „Exit and entry of fishing vessels: an evaluation of factors affecting investment decisions in the North Sea English beam trawl fleet“. ICES Journal of Marine Science 68, Nr. 5 (19.03.2011): 961–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsr015.
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Abstract Tidd, A. N., Hutton, T., Kell, L. T., and Padda, G. 2011. Exit and entry of fishing vessels: an evaluation of factors affecting investment decisions in the North Sea English beam trawl fleet. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 961–971. A profitable fishery attracts additional effort (vessels enter), eventually leading to overcapacity and less profit. Similarly, fishing vessels exit depending on their economic viability (or reduced expectations of future benefits) or encouraged by schemes such as decommissioning grants and/or when there is consolidation of fishing effort within a tradable rights-based quota system (e.g. individual transferable quotas). The strategic decision-making behaviour of fishers in entering or exiting the English North Sea beam trawl fishery is analysed using a discrete choice model by integrating data on vessel characteristics with available cost data, decommissioning grant information, and other factors that potentially influence anticipated benefits or future risks. It is then possible to predict whether operators choose to enter, stay, exit, or decommission. Important factors affecting investment include vessel age and size, future revenues, operating costs (e.g. fuel), stock status of the main target species, and the impact of management measures (e.g. total allowable catches) and total fleet size (a proxy for congestion). Based on the results, the predicted marginal effects of each factor are presented and the impact of each is discussed in the context of policies developed to align fleet capacity with fishing opportunities.
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Markofski, Melissa M., Kristofer Jennings, Kyle L. Timmerman, Jared M. Dickinson, Christopher S. Fry, Michael S. Borack, Paul T. Reidy et al. „Effect of Aerobic Exercise Training and Essential Amino Acid Supplementation for 24 Weeks on Physical Function, Body Composition, and Muscle Metabolism in Healthy, Independent Older Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial“. Journals of Gerontology: Series A 74, Nr. 10 (10.05.2018): 1598–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerona/gly109.
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Abstract Background Essential amino acids (EAA) and aerobic exercise (AE) acutely and independently stimulate skeletal muscle protein anabolism in older adults. Objective In this Phase 1, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial, we determined if chronic EAA supplementation, AE training, or a combination of the two interventions could improve muscle mass and function by stimulating muscle protein synthesis. Methods We phone-screened 971, enrolled 109, and randomized 50 independent, low-active, nonfrail, and nondiabetic older adults (age 72 ± 1 years). We used a 2 × 2 factorial design. The interventions were: daily nutritional supplementation (15 g EAA or placebo) and physical activity (supervised AE training 3 days/week or monitored habitual activity) for 24 weeks. Muscle strength, physical function, body composition, and muscle protein synthesis were measured before and after the 24-week intervention. Results Forty-five subjects completed the 24-week intervention. VO2peak and walking speed increased (p < .05) in both AE groups, irrespective of supplementation type, but muscle strength increased only in the EAA + AE group (p < .05). EAA supplementation acutely increased (p < .05) muscle protein synthesis from basal both before and after the intervention, with a larger increase in the EAA + AE group after the intervention. Total and regional lean body mass did not change significantly with any intervention. Conclusions In nonfrail, independent, healthy older adults AE training increased walking speed and aerobic fitness, and, when combined with EAA supplementation, it also increased muscle strength and EAA-stimulated muscle protein synthesis. These increases occurred without improvements in muscle mass.
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Devkota, Sabina, Kamana Rayamajhi, Dil Raj Yadav und Jiban Shrestha. „Effects of different doses of Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) granules on wheat yield“. Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources 3, Nr. 2 (30.10.2020): 306–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/janr.v3i2.32536.
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Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are the soil bacteria inhabiting around/on the root surface and are directly or indirectly involved in promoting plant growth and development. This study was conducted at research field of Agriculture Research Station, Belachapi, Dhanusa, Nepal in 2018 to identify the effects of PGPR on wheat production. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Eight treatments namely, T1: Control; T2: Recommended doses of fertilizers (RDF) (100:50:50 N:P2O5:K2O kg/ha); T3:10 t/ha Farm Yard Manure (FYM); T4: PGPR 12.5 kg/ha ; T5: PGPR 25 kg/ha; T6: PGPR 7 kg/ha; T7: PGPR 12.5 kg/ha + ½ RDF; T8: PGPR 7 kg/ha + ½ FYM, were applied in this experiment. Wheat variety NL-971 was used. The results showed that the thousand grain weight showed significant result. The treatment with 10 t/ha FYM was found the best for spike length (8.267cm), grains per five spikes (160) and Thousand grain weight (49.28 g). Whereas, the highest yield (2.064 t/ha) was obtained with application of PGPR 7 kg/ha + ½ FYM. The PH content was found the highest (5.453) with application of RDF. The maximum organic matter content (1.763) and N content (0.1179%) were found with application of PGPR 12.5 kg/ha. Similarly, the highest phosphorus content (75.83 mg/kg) was found with application of PGPR7 kg/ha while the highest potassium content (72.51 mg/kg) was obtained with application of PGPR 25kg/ha. Overall, there was positive impact of application of PGPR on wheat production.
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Manocha, S., Valay Solanki, Nikesh Patel und L. M. Manocha. „Studies on Fabrication and Characterization of Nanoclay Reinforced Nylon-6 composites: Enhancement of Heat distortion Temperature“. Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 13, Nr. 1-2 (21.12.2010): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj67.
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<p>Organically modified nanoclay (cation exchange capacity of 135 to 145 meq/100 g) was used as nanophase reinforcement for fabrication of nylon-6 nanocomposites. The thickness of clay platelets varied form 1.2 nm to 1.3 nm with 3.485 nm as d-spacing. Nylon 6/nanoclay composites were fabricated with loading of 2.5, 5.0 and 10 wt.% nanoclay via direct melt compounding technique using conventional twinscrew extruder. Processing temperature profile from hopper to header was 230-240-245-260 °C and screw speed was maintained at 180 rpm. The nylon 6/clay nanocomposites were characterized for thermal and mechanical properties. The structural properties were characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) and X-ray diffraction analysis. The tensile fracture morphology was analyzed by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). DSC nonisothermal curves show an increase in the crystallization temperature with increasing degree of crystallinity. The crystallization rate of the nanoclay reinforced nylon 6 composites was found to be significantly faster than that for the pristine nylon 6 and suggests that the layered silicates act as nucleating centers. XRD result shows that addition of nanoclay by this technique favors the formation of γ-crystalline phase in nylon 6/nanoclay composites. Due to this, there is substantial enhancement in the tensile strength and Izod impact strength. A variation from 700 to 971 Kg/cm<sup>2</sup> for tensile strength and from 3.0 to 3.4 Kg.cm/cm of notch for Izod impact strength. The detailed results are presented.</p>
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Rowles III, Joe, Matthew Wallig, Kimberly Selting, Timothy Fan, Rita Miller, William O'Brien Jr. und John Erdman Jr. „Can Tomato Powder Reduce Radiation-Induced Effects in a Murine Model of Prostate Cancer?“ Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (29.05.2020): 348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa044_047.
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Abstract Objectives Tomatoes contain carotenoids and other potent antioxidants that may protect the surrounding tissue from the detrimental effects of external beam radiation therapy, while reducing rates of prostate carcinogenesis. The objective of this study was to determine whether dietary lyophilized tomato paste (TP) alters early inflammatory and oxidative events following a single dose of radiation and leads to a more successful therapeutic outcome. Methods Male Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of the Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) mice (n = 76) were provided a powdered AIN-93 G diet (Control) or a modified AIN-93 G diet containing 10% TP (w/w) at 4 weeks of age. Mice were monitored by ultrasound for in vivo tumor detection and 3-D volumetric measurement biweekly. Once tumors reached a volume of 1000 mm3, the caudal half of the mouse was irradiated with 7.5 gy (Rad, n = 18–19 per diet) or 0 gy (sham, n = 16–20 per diet) with a Cobalt-60 source. Mice were euthanized 24 hours after radiation or sham treatment. Antioxidants (carotenoids and α-tocopherol) were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in the serum, tumor, prostate, and liver. Sections of tumor, liver, kidneys, bladder, lymph, bladder and intestines were stained by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and cleaved-caspase 3 were assessed for radiation-induced changes and apoptosis. Inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, IL-6, IL-17A, TNFα, IFNγ, and IL-10) were measured in serum, liver, prostate, tumor, and epididymal adipose tissues by ELISA. Results This study is the first to explore the effects of TP on the tumor microenvironment following irradiation. Initial results suggest that TP consumption does not alter circulating or tissue (liver and prostate) concentrations of inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, TNFα, IFNγ, IL-6, IL-17, or IL-10). We hypothesize that TP-Rad will maintain similar levels of circulating concentrations of antioxidants (carotenoids and α-tocopherol) compared to sham-treated mice. Additionally, we hypothesize that TP will reduce markers of cell damage in surrounding tissues. Conclusions This study will provide important preclinical data to inform future clinical trials evaluating approaches to lessen extra-prostatic damage from radiation therapy and thus improve therapeutic outcomes. Funding Sources This work was supported by USDA NIFA ILLU-971–334.
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Mossman, D. J. „Calcite.: Edited by T. Huizing, M. Jarnot, G. Neumeier, R.P. Richards, and G. Schneider. ExtraLapis English No. 4. Lapis International; LLC, P.O. Box 263, East Hampton, Connecticut 06424, U.S.A., 2003, 114 p. US$25.00 plus US$3.50 for shipping to non-U.S.A. addresses. Soft cover (ISBN 0 971 5371 3 5).“ Canadian Mineralogist 41, Nr. 6 (01.12.2003): 1526–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gscanmin.41.6.1526.
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Warren, Andrew. „Book Review: Arid Zone Geomorphology: Process, Form and Change in Drylands 2nd Edition, edited by David S. G. Thomas, John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, 1997. No. of pages: 713. Price: £55.00 (hb). ISBN 0-471-97160-X; 0-471-97610-5.“ Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 23, Nr. 6 (Juni 1998): 575–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-9837(199806)23:6<575::aid-esp895>3.0.co;2-c.
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Zita, L., E. Tůmová, V. Skřivanová und Z. Ledvinka. „The effect of weaning age on performance and nutrient digestibility of broiler rabbits“. Czech Journal of Animal Science 52, No. 10 (07.01.2008): 341–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2341-cjas.
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The effect of weaning age on growth, feed consumption, digestibility of nutrients, carcass yield, mortality and parasite incidence was studied in a balance experiment. Forty Hyplus® rabbits proceeding from a commercial rabbitry were assigned to four groups of 10 rabbits according to weaning age at 25, 28, 31 and 35 days. The experimental diet had 17.03% crude protein, 4.66% fat and 18.30% crude fibre. Feed and water were available <i>ad libitum</i>. At the end of the experiment, at 84 days of age, six rabbits per group were slaughtered. In the experiment, most results of performance were not significantly (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.05) affected by weaning age. Only the rabbits weaned at 25 days of age had higher live weight (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.05) at the age of 35 days (996, 986, 971 and 910 g, respectively), but at the end of the experiment we did not find any differences between groups. Higher digestibility of nutrients was recorded in the second collection period. In the first collection period the digestibility of nutrients was higher in rabbits weaned at 25 days of age in comparison with the other groups. No differences between groups in the digestibility of nutrients were observed in the second period. The age of weaning did not influence carcass characteristics. Dressing percentage was insignificantly higher in rabbits weaned at 25 and 35 days of age (53.11 and 53.07%, respectively) in comparison with rabbits weaned at 28 and 31 days of age (50.89 and 52.67%, respectively). There was no significant effect of weaning age on mortality. The incidence of <i>Eimeria</i> ssp. was the highest after weaning in rabbits at the age of 35 days.
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Lu, Y., L. Wang, D. Wang, Y. Wang, M. Zhang, B. Jin und P. Chen. „Male cone morphogenesis, pollen development and pollen dispersal mechanism in Ginkgo biloba L.“ Canadian Journal of Plant Science 91, Nr. 6 (01.11.2011): 971–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2011-036.
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Lu, Y., Wang, L., Wang, D., Wang, Y., Zhang, M., Jin, B. and Chen, P. 2011. Male cone morphogenesis, pollen development and pollen dispersal mechanism in Ginkgo biloba L. Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 971–981. Ginkgo biloba L. is one of the oldest gymnosperms. Male cone morphogenesis, pollen development and dispersal are important for successful pollination and reproduction. In this study, we investigated the development of male cone, pollen and the sporangial wall in detail. The results indicate that: (1) The primordia of male cones and leaves begin to differentiate in early June and remain open until the following March. The male cones then mature and release pollen in mid-April. The male cones are drooped and approximately perpendicular to the leaves during pollination. (2) The microsporocytes develop from the sporogenous cell and form a tetrahedral tetrad after two simultaneous asymmetrically meioses, then produce a matured four-cell pollen after three polar mitotic divisions. The matured pollen is hemispheric in shape with a large aperture area and three pollen wall layers; once released from the microsporangia, the pollen becomes boat-like in shape. (3) The sporangial walls are eusporangiate and consist of epidermis, endothecium and tapetum. The differentiation of the tapetum occurs separately from that of the epidermis and endothecium, and originates from the outermost layer of sporogenous cells. The sporangial walls exhibit shrinkage of the epidermis, fibrous thickening of the endothecium, and enzymic dissolution of the tapetum during pollen dispersal, which contributes to microsporangia opening. Based on these results, we conclude that there many unique and primitive characteristics of the development of the male cones, pollen and sporangial wall of G. biloba. In addition, we also found that the male cones, pollen and sporangial walls have evolved efficient structural and morphological adaptations to anemophily.
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Deng, Yanhong, Pan Chi, Ping Lan, Lei Wang, Weiqing Chen, Long Cui, Daoda Chen et al. „Neoadjuvant Modified FOLFOX6 With or Without Radiation Versus Fluorouracil Plus Radiation for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: Final Results of the Chinese FOWARC Trial“. Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, Nr. 34 (01.12.2019): 3223–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.18.02309.
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PURPOSE In the multicenter, open-label, phase III FOWARC trial, modified infusional fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (mFOLFOX6) plus radiotherapy resulted in a higher pathologic complete response rate than fluorouracil plus radiotherapy in Chinese patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. Here, we report the final results. METHODS Adults ages 18 to 75 years with stage II/III rectal cancer were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to five cycles of infusional fluorouracil (leucovorin 400 mg/m2, fluorouracil 400 mg/m2, and fluorouracil 2.4 g/m2 over 48 hours) plus radiotherapy (46.0 to 50.4 Gy delivered in 23 to 25 fractions during cycles 2 to 4) followed by surgery and seven cycles of infusional fluorouracil, the same treatment plus intravenous oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 on day 1 of each cycle (mFOLFOX6), or four to six cycles of mFOLFOX6 followed by surgery and six to eight cycles of mFOLFOX6. The primary end point was 3-year disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS In total, 495 patients were randomly assigned to treatment. After a median follow-up of 45.2 months, DFS events were reported in 46, 39, and 46 patients in the fluorouracil plus radiotherapy, mFOLFOX6 plus radiotherapy, and mFOLFOX6 arms. In each arm, the probability of 3-year DFS was 72.9%, 77.2%, and 73.5% ( P = .709 by the log-rank test), the 3-year probability of local recurrence after R0/1 resection was 8.0%, 7.0%, and 8.3% ( P = .873 by the log-rank test), and the 3-year overall survival rate was 91.3%, 89.1%, and 90.7% ( P = .971 by log-rank test), respectively. CONCLUSION mFOLFOX6, with or without radiation, did not significantly improve 3-year DFS versus fluorouracil with radiation in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. No significant difference in outcomes was found between mFOLFOX6 without radiotherapy and fluorouracil with radiotherapy, which requires additional investigation of the role of radiotherapy in these regimens.