Thematische Bibliographien / Fungal leather

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Fungal leather“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 24. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 18. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Fungal leather"

Vega, M. Maldonado, D. Guzmán, D. A. Camarena Pozos, A. P. Castellanos Arévalo, A. Salinas Ramírez, D. Garibo, M. R. García García, A. Pestryakov und N. Bogdanchikova. „Application of silver nanoparticles to reduce bacterial growth on leather for footwear manufacturing“. Journal of Applied Research and Technology 19, Nr. 1 (01.03.2021): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/icat.24486736e.2021.19.1.1491.

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Foot infections are difficult to eradicate, patients with diabetes mellitus among others are more susceptible to them, therefore preventive strategies and effective antimicrobial agents are needed. The antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are well known thus they are a trend for biomedical applications. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial and antifungal activity of leather coated with AgNPs against two bacteria species Pseudomonas mendocina and Pseudomonas syringae, and the fungi Trichophyton mentagrophytes responsible for foot infections. Porcine leather was cut off and sprinkled with solutions containing various concentrations of metallic AgNPs. Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and texture analysis of the leather were performed to quantify the silver metallic concentration metallic silver and to test the effect of AgNPs on leather softness. Antimicrobial activity was measured by agar diffusion test for zone of inhibition (ZoI). The textural analysis of the coated leather showed that the application of AgNPs diminished its softness in a concentration dependency manner. The results from the antimicrobial activity revealed that leather coated with 0.05% of metallic AgNPs had the best antibacterial effect. A decrease in the growth of T. mentagrophytes was observed on the leather coated with 0.25% of metallic AgNPs; however, this concentration was not enough to abolish fungal growing. In conclusion, the application of AgNPs to porcine leather decreased its softness but added beneficial antibacterial properties to avoid bacterial foot infections. Leather coated with AgNPs could be used as a suitable material to prevent foot infections and it could provide added value for shoes manufacturing.

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M., Mansour, Hassan R. und Salem M. „CHARACTERIZATION OF HISTORICAL BOOKBINDING LEATHER BY FTIR,SEM -EDX AND INVESTIGATION OF FUNGAL SPECIES ISOLATED FROM THE LEATHER“. Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies 7, Nr. 1 (01.06.2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejars.2017.6823.

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ANDO, H., S. KATAOKA, M. KUWATA, Y. SAEKI, M. MIZUTANI und M. SUGITA. „Low Temperature Fluorocarbon Gas Plasma Treatment and Fungal Resistance on Leather“. Journal of the Japan Society of Colour Material 71, Nr. 2 (1998): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4011/shikizai1937.71.91.

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Calin, Mariana, Iuliana Raut, Mihaela Doni, Elvira Alexandrescu, Gabriela Macovescu, Melania Liliana Arsene, Ana Maria Gurban, Gelu Vasilescu und Luiza Jecu. „The Potential of Keratinolytic Fungi for Biotechnological Applications in Leather Manufacture“. Revista de Chimie 70, Nr. 9 (15.10.2019): 3152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.19.9.7506.

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Keratinophilic fungi are present in soil as decomposers of keratinous substrates, while keratinolytic fungi have the capacity to decompose native keratin, the insoluble fibrous proteins from living organism. Keratin materials, especially by-products from food industry and animal husbandry must be harnessed through innovative, non-polluting and low-cost solutions. The nonpathogenic keratinolytic fungal species produce extracellular keratinases which have many and various applications, one being in leather industry where dehairing process of skin and hides require keratinolytic activity. The present study investigates the biodegradative potential of selected keratinolytic fungal microorganisms expressed towards different types of animal skins. The ability of Fusarium sp. 1 A strain to produce keratinase with a good activity towards animal skins was confirmed. These results suggest that after further studies, Fusarium sp.1A could play an important role in processing of animal wastes.

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Washington, W. S., S. Engleitner, G. Boontjes und N. Shanmuganathan. „Effect of fungicides, seaweed extracts, tea tree oil, and fungal agents on fruit rot and yield in strawberry“. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 39, Nr. 4 (1999): 487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea98164.

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Seven fungicides, 2 seaweed extracts (Maxicrop and Seasol), tea tree oil (Multicrop), and fungal agents including yeasts and an isolate of a Trichoderma sp., were compared for the control of fruit rots in strawberries in 5 field trials in Victoria, Australia. The fungicides tested were thiram, iprodione, dichlofluanid, chlorothalonil, fluazinam, phosphorous acid and fosetyl-aluminium. All treatments were applied as foliar sprays (at recommended rates) at weekly intervals, except for one of the Trichoderma treatments in which Trichoderma was cultured on rice and applied around plants at 1 and 5 weeks after the start of the trial. Rots were assessed after harvest by incubating fruit for 3 days at room temperature (15–25˚C). Between 55 and 71% of fruit developed rot in the unsprayed plots and consisted mainly of grey mould (Botrytis cinerea), leak (Rhizopus and Mucor spp.), anthracnose (Colletotrichum acutatum), leather rot (Phytophthora cactorum), and stem end rot (Gnomonia comari). All fungicides except fosetyl-aluminium and phosphorous acid significantly (P<0.05) reduced the total incidence of fruit rots by 27–72%. Thiram, dichlofluanid and chlorothalonil reduced grey mould by 61–94%, anthracnose by 63–100% and leather rot by 65–100%; iprodione reduced grey mould by 60–94% and leak by 74–96%. In one experiment each, fluazinam reduced grey mould by 85% and leather rot by 100%, and phosphorous acid reduced leather rot by 100%. Thiram, iprodione and phosphorous acid also reduced stem end rot by 55–100%. Of the biocontrols, seaweed extracts and oil, only tea tree oil in 1 trial of 3 reduced the total incidence of fruit rots significantly (by 31%), and in 2 trials significantly reduced anthracnose, and leather rot by 60–88% and 71–72% respectively. In 2 out of 3 trials, Trichoderma sp. reduced (P<0.05) grey mould by 29–63%. In one trial each, seaweed extract 1, and a yeast treatment amended with malt extract, both reduced grey mould by 40 or 54% respectively. The addition of sucrose to the yeast treatments significantly increased the incidence of anthracnose infection. Chlorothalonil, dichlofluanid, thiram and iprodione sprays increased the yield (weight) of healthy fruit significantly (P<0.05) compared with that from untreated plants by 43–114%. By contrast, none of the biocontrol treatments, the seaweed extracts or tea tree oil increased fruit yields.

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Ghannoum, Mahmoud A., Nancy Isham und Lisa Long. „Optimization of an Infected Shoe Model for the Evaluation of an Ultraviolet Shoe Sanitizer Device“. Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 102, Nr. 4 (01.07.2012): 309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/1020309.

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Background: Onychomycosis and tinea pedis (athlete’s foot) are infections of the nails and skin caused by pathogenic fungi collectively known as dermatophytes. These infections are difficult to treat, and patients often relapse; it is thought that a patient’s footwear becomes infected with these fungal organisms and, thus, is an important reservoir for reinfection. Therefore, it is important to find an effective means for killing the dermatophytes that may have colonized the inner surface of the shoes of patients with superficial fungal infections. In this study, we developed an in vitro model for culturing dermatophytes in footwear and used this model to evaluate the effectiveness of a commercial ultraviolet shoe sanitizer in eradicating the fungal elements residing in shoes. Methods: Leather and athletic shoes (24 pairs) were inoculated with either Trichophyton rubrum or Trichophyton mentagrophytes (107 colony-forming units/mL) strains and were placed at 35°C for 4 to 5 days. Next, we compared the ability of swabbing versus scraping to collect microorganisms from infected shoes. Following the optimized method, shoes were infected and were irradiated with one to three cycles of radiation. The inner surfaces of the shoes were swabbed or scraped, and the specimens were cultured for dermatophyte colony-forming units. Results: Leather and canvas shoes were infected to the same extent. Moreover, scraping with a scalpel was overall more effective than was swabbing with a cotton-tipped applicator in recovering viable fungal elements. Irradiation of shoes with one, two, or three cycles resulted in reduction of fungal colonization to the same extent. Conclusions: The developed infected shoe model is useful for assessing the effectiveness of ultraviolet shoe sanitizers. Also, ultraviolet treatment of shoes with a commercial ultraviolet C sanitizing device was effective in reducing the fungal burden in shoes. These findings have implications regarding breaking foot infection cycles. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 102(4): 309–313, 2012)

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Mathur, S. K., Anila Mathur, Subir Barnie und Rahul Kulshreshtha. „Fungal biomass production on waste leather chharri and possible utilisation for feed supplement“. Bioresource Technology 43, Nr. 2 (Januar 1993): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-8524(93)90165-8.

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Pandi, Ajitha, Gowthaman Marichetti Kuppuswami, Kamini Numbi Ramudu und Saravanan Palanivel. „A sustainable approach for degradation of leather dyes by a new fungal laccase“. Journal of Cleaner Production 211 (Februar 2019): 590–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.11.048.

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Nitiu, Daniela Silvana, Andrea Mallo, Mario Saparrat und Mauro Garcia Santa Cruz. „Survey of the state of conservation of the Mylodon listai (Xenarthra-Mylodontidae) skin fragment from the Pleistocene of Argentina kept at the Museum of La Plata (Argentina)“. Ge-conservacion 10 (22.12.2016): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.37558/gec.v10i0.367.

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The aim of the present study was to assess the state of conservation of the fossilized skin fragment assigned to Mylodon listai preserved in a showcase of the Paleontology Hall of the Museum of La Plata. To this end, we conducted a volumetric aerobiological sampling both inside the showcase and in the hall to detect the presence of fungal load that could alter its preservation. We also determined the environmental parameters both inside and outside the showcase. The aerobiological sampling inside the showcase showed 3061.50 spores/m3 corresponding to 22 fungal types, while in the hall, 2283.20 spores/m3 corresponding to 14 fungal types where detected. Cladosporium was the most important type in all the sampling points. The temperatures recorded were lower than those recommended for the conservation of leather and the relative humidity values were acceptable in 70% of the record for this material

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Gutarowska, B., J. Skóra, L. Stępień, M. Twarużek, A. Błajet-Kosicka, A. Otlewska und J. Grajewski. „Estimation of fungal contamination and mycotoxin production at workplaces in composting plants, tanneries, archives and libraries“. World Mycotoxin Journal 7, Nr. 3 (01.01.2014): 345–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/wmj2013.1640.

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The aim of this research was to estimate fungal contamination at workplaces in composting plants, tanneries, libraries and archives. The influence of raw material processed or stored at these workplaces (compost, leather, cellulose) on the toxigenicity and cytotoxicity of fungi was also investigated. Qualitative and quantitative mycological analysis confirmed a high contamination in composting plants and tanneries, while materials in archives and libraries were less contaminated. Among the 74 fungal species present in the studied work environments, 15 species were identified as useful indicators of microbial contamination based on their presence at the workplace, frequency of occurrence and harmfulness to health. For nine Aspergillus and Penicillium isolates, identification was confirmed on the basis of molecular techniques, i.e. internal transcribed spacer region and β-tubulin gene sequencing, and the obtained nucleotide sequences were deposited into the NCBI GenBank Database. Five strains were cytotoxic to swine kidney cells. Strains of Aspergillus fumigatus originating from a composting plant produced large quantities of fumitremorgin C, fumiquinazoline F, fumagillin, fumigaclavine, helvolic acid, methylsulochrin, pyripyropene A, brevianamid F, verruculogen and others, as analysed by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. In the case of Penicillium chrysogenum originating from a tannery, meleagrin, secalonic acid D, roquefortine C, emodin and other metabolites were detected. These findings confirmed the hypothesis that these species may be a health risk factor to workers. Interestingly, the presence of compost extract, leather or cellulose in the culture medium apparently affected the ability of the selected fungi to produce (cytotoxic) mycotoxins.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Fungal leather"

Wijayarathna, Egodagedara Ralalage Kanishka Bandara. „Development of Fungal Leather-like Material from Bread Waste“. Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-25522.

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Food waste and fashion pollution are two of the significant global environmental issues throughout the recent past. In this research, it was investigated the feasibility of making a leather-like material from bread waste using biotechnology as the bridging mechanism. The waste bread collected from the supermarkets were used as the substrate to grow filamentous fungi species Rhizopus Delemar and Fusarium Venenatum. Tanning of fungal protein fibres was successfully performed using vegetable tanning, confirmed using FTIR and SEM images. Furthermore, glycerol and a biobased binder treatment was performed for the wet-laid fungal microfibre sheets produced. Overall, three potential materials were able to produce with tensile strengths ranging from 7.74 ± 0.55 MPa to 6.92 ± 0.51 MPa and the elongation% from 16.81 ± 1.61 to 4.82 ± 0.36. The binder treatment enhanced the hydrophobicity even after the glycerol treatment, an added functional advantage for retaining flexibility even after contact with moisture. The fungal functional material produced with bread waste can be tailored successfully into leather substitutes using an environmentally benign procedure.

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Knox, T. „Synthesis of long chain esters by a fungal cell-bound enzyme“. Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 1985. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370509.

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Biehl, Zulfe Urbano. „Review of the scientific and technological literature of fungicides in tannery industry - 195: reducing the use and increasing the efficiency of fungicides in the leather industry“. Verein für Gerberei-Chemie und -Technik e. V, 2019. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A34191.

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Content: One of the main challenges of the tannery industry chain is to reduce the use of biocides and restricted substances and at the same time increase efficiency with the available products. Such conduct must permeate suppliers and the tanneries in order to obtain better results, diminish the biocide resistance dissemination, optimize costs and be ecologically friendly. In this sense, we present herein an updated review and discussion of the scientific and technological literature on the aspects involving the action of fungicides in tannery industry and how the application of this knowledge can reduce application of biocides and restricted substances in the tanning process. We have organized a review by consulting the databases PUBMED, Web of Science, Science direct, and all literature with excellence scientific support available. The review focused on: (i) Fungal diversity involved in wet-blue biodeterioration; (ii) Mechanisms of action of fungicides; (iii) Fungicide combinations to enhance activity; (iv) Fungal mechanisms of resistance and the known causes of resistance emergence. As a result of this study we are able to track the fungal phylogenetics (and relationship) responsible for leather biodeterioration enabling a guiding strategy for fungal biocide application. Moreover, understanding of the mechanisms of action and interaction between molecules can determines the extent of the biocides inhibitory effect in different fungal species. Fungicide effect could vary, and such information corroborates with the idea that even in the same species the interaction of the different molecules may vary, possibly due to variation in cytochrome protein. For example, the most accepted mechanism of action of azoles is the inhibition of synthesis of or direct interaction with ergosterol (present in all fungi). Considering that the target is always the same, a question arise, how do the distinct azoles present different activities upon fungal strains? As result of this study we show that structural differences will influence the higher or lower interaction of the azole functional group and consequently the activity. The appropriated knowledge of the mechanisms by which microbial cells might develop resistance, highlights the need for an improved understanding of the reasons for their emergence and greater attention to methods that can be used to prevent and control them. In this sense, a successful combination of biocide molecules enhances a synergetic effect, avoiding fungal mechanisms of resistance and reduces dosage of each compound, being effective against a variety of fungi. Take-Away: Transfer of knowledge from the author of the fundermentals of bicides and fungicides used within the leather industry and similar industries, their application methods and how to use in combination for maximum effect with minimum environmental impact.

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Cuadros, Domènech Sara. „Fungicides alternatius per a la indústria de la pell : comparació amb productes convencionals“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/134968.

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This thesis is focused on the search of alternatives to fungicides conventionally used in the tanning industry. These chemicals must be effective against a large number of fungi less toxic, more environmentally friendly and economically attractive. The main objective is to evaluate the fungicidal capacity of selected alternative compounds (Directive 98/8/CE); diiodometil p-tolylsulfone (DIMPTS), 3-Iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate (IPBC), thiabendazole (TBZ) and dodicine clorhydrate (TEGO) versus different types of fungi. The strains used belong to the most common species in tanneries: Aspergillus brasilensis, Trichoderma harzianum, Alternaria alternata i Penicillium funiculosum. In addition, different fungi from real pollution tannery have been isolated from the industry; these are species more resistant to common antifungal chemicals. The antifungal capacity has been compared with selected fungicides normally used in tanneries, such as 2-(thiocianometilthio)-1,3-benzothiazole (TCMTB) and the mixture of phenolic compounds, p-chloro-m-cresol (PCMC) and o-phenylphenol (OPP). First, the Minnimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) of molecules has been determine against the selected fungi. Subsequently, the effectiveness of different offers of chemicals has been compared using wet blue leather. To complete the tests, selected fungicides have been applied in three different processes: a chrome tanning process, a preservative pickling process and a fatliquoring process of hides tanned with vegetable extracts. Further studies consisted of a microbiological control of samples inoculated with fungi common in tannery, determination of the minimum effective amount of chemical and determination of the fungicide content on the different layers of the hide. The evaluation of the toxicity of process wastewaters associated with their application and the economic viability of the proposed alternatives complemented the studies. The higher antifungal capacity of two of the four fungicides proposed, DIMPTS and IPBC, employed in different processes confirms that are good candidates to be used in the leather sector. Hides obtained using alternative fungicides showed good characteristics, and, from the environmental impact point of view, toxicity from wastewaters was lower for the alternative chemicals against those commonly used.
Aquesta tesi es basa en la recerca d’alternatives als fungicides convencionalment utilitzats en la indústria adobera. Aquests productes han de ser eficaços enfront un alt nombre de fongs, menys tòxics, més acceptables mediambientalment i atractius econòmicament. El principal objectiu és avaluar la capacitat antifúngica dels compostos seleccionats (registrats en la Directiva 98/8/CE); diiodometil-p-tolilsulfona, DIMPTS, 3-iodo-2-propinil-Nbutilcarbamat, IPBC, tiabendazol, TBZ, i la sal sòdica de dodecil-di(aminoetil)-glicina, TEGO, davant diferents tipus de fongs. Les soques utilitzades formen part de les espècies més comuns en les adoberies: Aspergillus brasilensis, Trichoderma harzianum, Alternaria alternata i Penicillium funiculosum. A part, s’han aïllat tres fongs diferents d’indústries adoberes per poder treballar amb contaminacions reals, espècies més resistents als productes antifúngics habituals. La capacitat antifúngica dels compostos seleccionats s’ha comparat amb els fungicides usats normalment en les adoberies: el 2-(tiocianometiltio)-1,3-benzotiazol, TCMTB, i una barreja de compostos fenòlics (p-cloro-m-cresol, PCMC, i o-fenilfenol, OPP). Primer s’ha determinat la Concentració Mínima d’Inhibició (CMI) de les molècules seleccionades davant els fongs descrits. Posteriorment, utilitzant pell wet blue per l’estudi, s’ha comparat l’eficàcia dels productes amb diferents ofertes de cadascun d’ells. Per completar els assajos, s’han aplicat els fungicides escollits en tres processos diferents: un adobament al crom, un píquel de conservació i un greixatge de pell adobada amb extractes vegetals. Sobre la pell obtinguda en cada procés s’han realitzat diverses proves de control de creixement de fongs per avaluar l’eficàcia dels productes, la determinació de la mínima quantitat de producte efectiva i la determinació del fungicida que resta en les diferents capes de la pell. L’avaluació de la toxicitat dels productes associada amb la seva aplicació i la viabilitat econòmica de les alternatives proposades complementen els estudis. L'elevada capacitat antifúngica demostrada utilitzant dos dels quatre fungicides proposats, el DIMPTS i el IPBC confirmen que són bons candidats per utilitzar-se com a fungicides alternatius en la indústria de la pell. Les pells obtingudes utilitzant aquests dos productes presenten bones característiques i l’impacte mediambiental és menor ja que la toxicitat de les aigües residuals obtingudes és més baixa que la toxicitat causada per l’aplicació dels productes convencionals.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Fungal leather"

Doyle, Arthur Conan. „The Leather Funnel“. In Gothic Tales. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780198734307.003.0026.

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M y friend, Lionel Dacre, lived in the Avenue de Wagram, Paris.* His house was that small one, with the iron railings and grass plot in front of it, on the left-hand side as you pass down from the Arc de Triomphe....

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Aditiawati, Pingkan, Rudi Dungani, Salsabila Muharam, Aminudin Sulaeman, Sri Hartati, Mustika Dewi und Enih Rosamah. „The Nanocellulose Fibers from Symbiotic Culture of Bacteria and Yeast (SCOBY) Kombucha: Preparation and Characterization“. In Nanofibers - Synthesis, Properties and Applications. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96310.

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Symbiotic Culture of Bacteria and Yeast (SCOBY) is a by-product in the form of cellulose polymers produced by bacteria in the kombucha fermentation process. Until now, SCOBY products still have application limitations. Several world designers have succeeded in making works using fabrics based on SCOBY. The resulting fabric has a flexible texture and is brown like synthetic leather. Fabrics based on SCOBY are also considered cheap and more environmentally friendly with short production time. The use of SCOBY as a fabric base material still has problems, where the fabric produced from SCOBY kombucha, directly through the drying process, has the characteristic of being very easy to absorb water. Another problem is that SCOBY production in the kombucha fermentation process is difficult to achieve a uniform thickness and SCOBY production in a large surface area is also difficult to stabilize. The development of SCOBY into cellulose fibers can be done by first changing the structure of SCOBY into nanocellulose. This nanocellulose production can then be developed into nanocellulose fibers in the form of threads and then spun to become a complete fabric. The production of nanocellulose is carried out using cellulase enzymes. It is known that cellulase enzymes can be obtained through the growth of bacteria or specific fungi. One of the groups of fungi and bacteria commonly used to produce cellulase enzymes are Trichoderma and Bacillus.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Fungal leather"

Ferdes, Mariana, und Rodica Roxana Constantinescu. „Isolation and characterization of fungal and bacterial proteolytic strains from chrome shavings“. In The 8th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems. INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, Romania, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24264/icams-2020.ii.9.

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The chrome shavings waste obtained as a result of the leather finishing process accumulates in a large volume in tanneries and represent a major problem for the environment. This waste are particularly resistant to attack of microorganisms, due to the significant concentration of chromium and are thus difficult to degrade. In this study, chrome shavings were analyzed microbiologically by determining the total number of germs and the number of yeasts and molds on specific culture media. Several bacterial and fungal strains were isolated from the cultures in Petri dishes, after the growth of the colonies. These strains were characterized in terms of the production of proteolytic enzymes, by a method of screening on the media with casein, which allows the determination of proteolytic indices of microorganisms. As a result of the tests performed, five bacterial strains probably belonging to the genus Bacillus and two fungal strains from the genera Penicillium and Cladosporium were selected.

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Chirila, Corina, Mariana Daniela Berechet und Viorica Deselnicu. „Thyme Essential Oil as Natural Leather Preservative against Fungi“. In The 6th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems. INCDTP - Division: Leather and Footwear Research Institute, Bucharest, RO, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.24264/icams-2016.ii.6.

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