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1
Heiler, Roland. „Cold thread Forming – the chipless alternative for high resistant internal threads“. MATEC Web of Conferences 251 (2018): 02046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201825102046.
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In the area of construction and mechanical engineering the designers and production engineers very often do have the task to produce high resistant connections with the possibility of assembling and de assembling parts in a wide range of different materials. Most often connection bolts and internal threads are used to fulfill this task. To produce the internal threads typically the three following internal threading technologies are used: tapping, cold thread forming and thread milling. Tapping and thread milling are metal cutting technologies but cold thread forming is a chipless alternative. Due to the cold forming of the thread this process does have several benefits in comparison to the traditional cutting technologies, but also some special features and process characteristics have to be considered, that it is possible to produce reliable internal threads. In the article the technology is presented with information about the process characteristics, the modern tools design and typical application areas. Results of pull out tests are showing the possibility for producing high resistant threads.
2
Zhang, Shuowen, Shuqin Fan, Peng Dong, Yangfeng Cao und Shengdun Zhao. „The importance of forming parameters on rolling process and the performances of component in forming long threads“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 234, Nr. 1 (10.10.2019): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954408919879823.
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The axial self-infeed rolling process is an advanced and efficient process to form long threads such as lead screw and thread shaft. The experiments of axial self-infeed rolling process for the stainless steel were conducted with three blank diameters, forming speeds and two lubrication conditions. The effects of forming speed, blank diameter and lubrication condition on forming torque, microhardness and tooth height of forming threads were analyzed by the design of experiment and analysis of variance. And the characteristics of forming torque, microhardness distribution and tooth height were investigated. The results revealed the forming torque was more influenced by the blank diameter and the forming speed than the lubrication condition. The tooth height was sensitive to all these factors and the microhardness only was affected by the blank diameter.
3
Rauf, Sakandar, Miguel A. Andrés, Olivier Roubeau, Ignacio Gascón, Christian Serre, Mohamed Eddaoudi und Khaled N. Salama. „Coating of Conducting and Insulating Threads with Porous MOF Particles through Langmuir-Blodgett Technique“. Nanomaterials 11, Nr. 1 (10.01.2021): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11010160.
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The Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) method is a well-known deposition technique for the fabrication of ordered monolayer and multilayer thin films of nanomaterials onto different substrates that plays a critical role in the development of functional devices for various applications. This paper describes detailed studies about the best coating configuration for nanoparticles of a porous metal-organic framework (MOF) onto both insulating or conductive threads and nylon fiber. We design and fabricate customized polymethylmethacrylate sheets (PMMA) holders to deposit MOF layers onto the threads or fiber using the LB technique. Two different orientations, namely, horizontal and vertical, are used to deposit MIL-96(Al) monolayer films onto five different types of threads and nylon fiber. These studies show that LB film formation strongly depends on deposition orientation and the type of threads or fiber. Among all the samples tested, cotton thread and nylon fiber with vertical deposition show more homogenous monolayer coverage. In the case of conductive threads, the MOF particles tend to aggregate between the conductive thread’s fibers instead of forming a continuous monolayer coating. Our results show a significant contribution in terms of MOF monolayer deposition onto single fiber and threads that will contribute to the fabrication of single fiber or thread-based devices in the future.
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Rauf, Sakandar, Miguel A. Andrés, Olivier Roubeau, Ignacio Gascón, Christian Serre, Mohamed Eddaoudi und Khaled N. Salama. „Coating of Conducting and Insulating Threads with Porous MOF Particles through Langmuir-Blodgett Technique“. Nanomaterials 11, Nr. 1 (10.01.2021): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11010160.
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The Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) method is a well-known deposition technique for the fabrication of ordered monolayer and multilayer thin films of nanomaterials onto different substrates that plays a critical role in the development of functional devices for various applications. This paper describes detailed studies about the best coating configuration for nanoparticles of a porous metal-organic framework (MOF) onto both insulating or conductive threads and nylon fiber. We design and fabricate customized polymethylmethacrylate sheets (PMMA) holders to deposit MOF layers onto the threads or fiber using the LB technique. Two different orientations, namely, horizontal and vertical, are used to deposit MIL-96(Al) monolayer films onto five different types of threads and nylon fiber. These studies show that LB film formation strongly depends on deposition orientation and the type of threads or fiber. Among all the samples tested, cotton thread and nylon fiber with vertical deposition show more homogenous monolayer coverage. In the case of conductive threads, the MOF particles tend to aggregate between the conductive thread’s fibers instead of forming a continuous monolayer coating. Our results show a significant contribution in terms of MOF monolayer deposition onto single fiber and threads that will contribute to the fabrication of single fiber or thread-based devices in the future.
5
CZARNECKI, Henryk, Hubert MICHALCZUK und Michał TAGOWSKI. „CHANGES IN THE PROPERTIES OF THE SURFACE LAYER OF THE INTERNAL THREAD MADE BY COLD FORMING“. Tribologia 270, Nr. 6 (31.12.2016): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.6704.
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The study presents the influence of cold forming internal threads on the property changes of the surface layer of the obtained thread outline. As a result of material deformation, hardening increases, which increases the strength of the thread. In order to determine such changes, the distribution of microhardness was measured around the outline of the thread. The measurements and metallographic investigations permit the conclusion that such threading increases the microhardness of threads, especially on the sides of the outline, and its growth depends on the diameter of the initial hole. Microhardness testing helped to identify the changes in the area of unfilled apex of the thread. Metallographic images enable observation of the deformation zone and the fragmentation and orientation of the structure during the formation of the internal thread. The paper also presents the results of the fem simulation of thread cold forming process.
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Liu, Meng, Zesheng Ji, Rui Fan und Xingguo Wang. „Finite Element Analysis of Extrusion Process for Magnesium Alloy Internal Threads with Electromagnetic Induction-Assisted Heating and Thread Performance Research“. Materials 13, Nr. 9 (08.05.2020): 2170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13092170.
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The casting magnesium alloy AZ91D cannot be extruded at room temperature. This paper presents a process for extruding internal threads using AZ91D heated by electromagnetic induction. The feasibility of the process is verified by finite element simulation and experiments. Using DEFORM-3D to simulate the process of extruding a M12 × 1.25 mm threaded hole by electromagnetic induction-assisted heating, the equivalent stress-strain and material flow law in the process of thread deformation was analyzed and verified by experiments. Three parameters—hole diameter, machine speed and heating temperature—were considered to study the influence of different process conditions on the forming torque. The results show that a heating temperature above 523 K can improve the plasticity of AZ91D. The hole diameter has an important influence on the forming torque. The forming process is not suitable for high-speed machining. The surface metal of the thread formed by this process has a strong deformation layer, which can improve the strength and hardness of the thread.
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Katzwinkel, Tim, Esanula Mohammad, Philipp Silberkuhl und Manuel Löwer. „THREAD ROLLING REPAIR METHOD FOR 3D PRINTED BOLTS“. Proceedings of the Design Society 1 (27.07.2021): 3141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pds.2021.575.
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AbstractWithin this paper, a new method for the quality refinement of external metric standard threads on 3Dprinted bolts is presented. The repair method is based on the application of thread rolling technology, which is applied in terms of cold forming after the regular printing has been finished. The explorative study proves, that the investigated technology has a good potential to solve known precision issues in FDM 3D printing regarding the required accuracy for function fulfilling standardized threads. The application of thread rolling can be done manually and with minimal tool effort, which makes the technology particularly attractive for low cost applications.
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Agapiou, J. S. „Evaluation of the Effect of High Speed Machining on Tapping“. Journal of Engineering for Industry 116, Nr. 4 (01.11.1994): 457–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2902128.
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This paper summarizes tapping characteristics at speeds as high as 9,000 rpm (180 m/min surface speed) as compared to traditional tapping done at speeds from 500 to 1,500 rpm (20–30 m/min). High speed tapping was achieved by synchronizing the spindle rotation and the feed motion of a specially built machine at extremely high speeds and acceleration/deceleration rates. This investigation analyzes the performance of roll and cut tap geometries in the high speed tapping of 319 aluminum. The torque required by the different tap geometries at several speeds and percent threads combination is evaluated. The relationship between pretapped hole diameter and minor diameter of the thread and the estimation of percent thread are analyzed. The thread quality generated at high speeds is also evaluated. It is shown that the cutting speed does not affect the steady state torque and the shear strength. The torque for roll forming taps is higher than that for cut taps. The shear strength of roll forming threads increased with percent thread.
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Lee, H. W., Jung Han Song, Geun An Lee, Hye Jin Lee und K. D. Park. „Thread Forming of a Micro Screw for Storage Devices Using Finite Element Analysis“. Advanced Materials Research 264-265 (Juni 2011): 1613–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.264-265.1613.
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High precision micro screws have been widely required for the fastening parts of electronic storage devices. Teeth’s forming of the micro screw is generally utilized by a cold thread rolling process with a flat die. This process for micro sized parts has some difficulties such as the design of die shape, alignment between dies, and process managements. In this paper, it is focused on the effect of the alignment between dies and material, and process parameters in simulation. The investigated parameters are the friction coefficient and the relative position between stationary and moving dies using a numerical simulation. The simulations provide that the shear friction factor of 0.9 is proper for preventing slip between dies and raw material and the relative position of two dies has to be set to the half length of the pitch for maintaining the continuous thread profiles. The deformed shapes of the pitch part and the top part of threads can be demonstrated the feature of experimental result. The folding phenomenon appeared at the top part of threads, which seemed to be induced by a lack of the metal flow under micro sized deformation.
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Kamei, Nobuyuki, Hisaki Watari, T. Hatano und Youichi Kawamura. „Improvement of Local Decrease in Material Thickness of Fuel Supply Pipe“. Advanced Materials Research 264-265 (Juni 2011): 200–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.264-265.200.
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Growing demand for lightweight products has been increased by the rapid development of automobiles since the global environment conservation meeting at Kyoto. Lighter products have been necessary when considering in taking action to reduce fuel consumption. One of the key is the utilization of high strength and light materials, such as stainless, high-tensile strength steels and magnesium alloys, which are difficult to be formed due to their high strength compared to normal steel pipes. This paper is concerned with the development of pressing technology that copes with forming relatively high strength stainless pipe with screw threads on the surface of pipes. Our new press-forming process in order to obtain accurate screw threads on the stainless pipe was tested. A 3-D digitizer was used for the measurement of the accuracy of manufactured pipes by the proposed pressing method. It is found that the proposed our press-forming was effective to improve decrease of pipe thickness compared to conventional roll forming technology. The maximum decrease in material thickness was 20% using our press-forming process for screw threads in the formed pipe.
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Badami, V. G., R. E. Hege und S. R. Patterson. „A novel method for forming fine-pitch threads in Superinvar“. Precision Engineering 27, Nr. 1 (Januar 2003): 87–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0141-6359(02)00187-3.
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12
Arumuganathar, S., S. N. Jayasinghe und N. Suter. „Unique aerodynamically driven methodology for forming droplets, threads to scaffolds“. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 104, Nr. 6 (2007): 3844–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.25975.
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13
Azanova, Albina A., Ludmila N. Abutalipova und Lyutziya G. Khisamiyeva. „Modification of the Hygroscopic Properties of Textile Materials Containing Polyurethane Threads“. Key Engineering Materials 899 (08.09.2021): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.899.269.
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The article discusses the influence of the presence of polyurethane (elastomeric) threads in the composition of a textile material on the effect of plasma modification of hygroscopic properties. The objects of the study were textile (knitted) fabrics based on cotton fibers with the addition of Dorlastan threads. The samples were processed in the plasma of a high-frequency capacitive discharge at a reduced pressure, as the plasma-forming gas was used air. Experiments have shown that the water absorption of the samples after plasma treatment is increased by an average of 1.5 times. The presence of Dorlastan thread does not significantly affect the result of the plasma modification, since the samples are completely immersed in water and the elastomeric threads do not limit the water absorption of its cotton component. The degree of capillary rise, on the contrary, depends on the presence of polyurethane threads. In samples made of 100% cotton, the increase occurs up to 190-. According to these samples, polyurethane threads prevent the capillarity of water by about 4 times. Kinetic curves of water absorption are given. The results suggest that other processing treatments are required to render the polyurethane threads hydrophilicity by plasma treatment. This should be considered in the development of plasma methods for treating textile materials, including in terms of matrix for composite materials.
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Kozawa, Susan K., Audrey Lord, Jonah J. Scott-McKean, Anne Y. Walker, Alberto C. S. Costa und Gary E. Wnek. „Microcapillary Reactors via Coaxial Electrospinning: Fabrication of Small Poly(Acrylic Acid) Gel Beads and Thin Threads of Biological Cell Dimensions“. Gels 7, Nr. 2 (30.03.2021): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels7020037.
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Poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) bulk gels and threads, typically derived via free-radical polymerization, are of interest as anionic polyelectrolyte mimics of cellular cytosol and as models for early protocells. The thread dimensions have been limited by the diameters of readily-available glass or plastic capillaries, and threads with diameters of less than 50 µm have been difficult to achieve. Here, we report a useful approach for achieving crosslinked, partially neutralized PAA, namely poly(acrylate), gel threads with diameters of a few microns when dry. This technique utilizes coaxial electrospinning to effectively produce capillaries (shells) of polystyrene loaded with a gel-forming precursor mixture composed of 3 M acrylic acid, methylene-bisacrylamide, potassium persulfate and 2.2 M NaOH in the core, followed by thermally-induced polymerization and then the removal of the polystyrene shell. Relatively long (up to 5 mm), continuous PAA threads with thicknesses of 5–15 µm are readily obtained, along with a multitude of PAA gel particles, which result from the occasional break-up of the fluid core prior to gel formation during the electrospinning process. The threads and beads are of the sizes of interest to model ancient protocells, certain functional aspects of excitable cells, such as myocytes and neurons, and various membraneless organelles.
15
Kamei, Nobuyuki, Hisaki Watari und Youichi Kawamura. „A New Manufacturing Method for a Screw-Threaded Fuel Filler Pipe“. Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (März 2010): 408–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.408.
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The growing demand for lightweight products has been increased by the rapid development of automobiles in order to reduce fuel consumption. One of the keys to reduced fuel consumption is to utilize high-strength, light materials like stainless steel that are difficult to form due to their high strength. This paper discusses the development of pressing technology that forms relatively high-strength stainless-steel pipe with surface screw threads. Our new press-forming process was tested to obtain accurate screw threads on stainless-steel pipe. A 3-D digitizer was used to measure the accuracy of pipes manufactured by the proposed pressing method. Our proposed press-forming method decreases pipe thickness more effectively than conventional roll-forming technology. The maximum decrease in material thickness produced by conventional roll forming was 40%. The maximum decrease in material thickness produced by our press-forming process was 20%.
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Kamei, Nobuyuki, und Hisaki Watari. „Effect of Manufacturing Condition on Forming a Screw-Threaded Stainless Fuel Filler Tube“. Advanced Materials Research 301-303 (Juli 2011): 1539–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.301-303.1539.
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A growing demand for lightweight products has been brought about by the rapid development of new automobiles in order to reduce fuel consumption. One of the keys to reduced fuel consumption is to utilize high-strength, light materials like stainless-steel that are difficult to form due to their strength. This paper discusses the development of pressing technology that forms a relatively high-strength stainless-steel tube with surface screw threads. Our new press-forming process was tested to obtain accurate screw threads on stainless-steel tubes. A 3-D digitizer was used to measure the accuracy of tubes manufactured by the proposed pressing method. The proposed press-forming method decreases tube thickness more effectively than conventional roll-forming technology. The maximum decrease in material thickness produced by conventional roll forming was 40%, but the maximum decrease in material thickness produced by our press-forming process was 20%. Stress and strain were clarified by using a finite-element simulation to expand the effectiveness of the new press-forming technology.
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Zhang, Shuowen, Shuqin Fan, Peng Zhang, Qian Zhu und Shengdun Zhao. „The formation mechanism of protrusion of long thread by axial self-infeed rolling process“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 234, Nr. 10 (17.04.2020): 1302–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405420912072.
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In the forming process of long threads by axial self-infeed rolling process, the protrusion generates on the top of the tooth profile, which affects the strength and precision of the formed threads. In this article, the principle of the axial self-infeed rolling process was described, and the finite element model was established to simulate the forming process of threads. The formation mechanism of protrusion was analyzed through material flow, which was verified by experiments. The pre-rolling angle and material’s influence on the protrusion size was also investigated. The results showed that the axial motion of the rollers squeezed one flank of the tooth, leading to higher protrusion on the face side as compared to the other side. During the rolling process, the height of the protrusion increased first and then decreased, reaching the maximum value when the height of the formed tooth was 73% of the whole tooth. In order to reduce the protrusion height, the pre-rolling angle should be 2°.
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Leśnikowski, Jacek. „Prediction of Electric Permittivity of Threads in Woven Fabric“. Autex Research Journal 18, Nr. 1 (01.03.2018): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aut-2017-0031.
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Abstract In the article, a new method for the estimation of electric permittivity of threads (filaments) was presented. The proposed recursive method is based on the results of computer simulation of 3D model of transmission stripline. This model contains a model of flat fabric having threads, with which electric permittivity should be determined. The described procedure uses the method proposed by Barry to obtain permittivity of flat fabric from the so-called s parameters of the simulated stripline. In the proposed method, the permittivity of the flat fabric obtained from simulation is compared with the measured value of permittivity of real flat fabric in order to estimate the threads’ permittivity. This comparison is needed to obtain the electric permittivity of threads forming this fabric. The article also presents examples of the obtained values of threads’ permittivity and discussion about the accuracy of the method. The presented method will be useful in situations where the knowledge of permittivity of threads is necessary in the conducted research.
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Berg, R. Howard. „Cytoplasmic bridge formation in the nodule apex of actinorhizal root nodules“. Canadian Journal of Botany 77, Nr. 9 (18.12.1999): 1351–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b99-078.
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High-pressure frozen - freeze-substituted actinorhizal root nodules of several distantly related plant genera were used to document the sequence of structural changes in cortical cells of the nodule apex that happened prior to their infection. The sequence of mobilization of the plant cell cytoplasm requisite to infection by Frankia was (i) penetration of the parenchyma cell vacuole by cytoplasmic strands, which contained microtubules; (ii) movement of the nucleus and other organelles (Golgi stacks, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria), involved later in growth of the infection thread, to the cell center on these strands; (iii) thickening of some of these strands generally located at midpoints of the wall, forming cytoplasmic bridges (preinfection threads); and (iv) infection of the cell by initiation of infection threads (containing Frankia) within the cytoplasmic bridges. The infection thread was caged in microtubules that were oriented along its axis, suggesting the cytoskeleton had a major role in the infection process, perhaps guiding the growth of the infection thread across the cell. The coalignment of cytoplasmic bridges, along several cells, towards the advancing microsymbiont suggested Frankia secretes a diffusible signal eliciting this host response.Key words: actinorhiza, cryofixation, development, infection, microtubules, symbiosis.
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MORITA, Yukio, Emiko KOMODA, Kazuaki ONO und Susumu KUMAGAI. „Survival of Biofilm-Forming Salmonella on Stainless Steel Bolt Threads under Dry Conditions“. Food Hygiene and Safety Science (Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi) 52, Nr. 5 (2011): 299–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.52.299.
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Rejzek, Miroslav, Jan Jersák und Jaroslav Votoček. „The Influence of Process Fluids on the Machining Process and Forming Internal Threads“. Manufacturing Technology 16, Nr. 4 (01.08.2016): 793–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21062/ujep/x.2016/a/1213-2489/mt/16/4/793.
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Ravai-Nagy, Sandor, Nicolae Medan und Ferencz Szigeti. „Aspects of design of experiments on machining technology by forming the internal threads“. MATEC Web of Conferences 137 (2017): 03009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201713703009.
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Kamei, Nobuyuki, und Hisaki Watari. „Improvement of Local Decrease in Material Thickness on Fuel Filler Tube“. Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 1753–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.1753.
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A growing demand for lightweight products has been brought about by the rapid development of new automobiles in order to reduce fuel consumption, since the global environment conservation meeting at Kyoto. One of the keys to reduced fuel consumption is to utilize high-strength, light materials like stainless-steel, high-tensile strength steels and magnesium alloys, which are difficult to form due to their material characteristics compared to normal steel tubes. The purpose of this paper discuses the development of our new pressing technology that forms a relatively high-strength and light weight stainless-steel tube which is SUS436 with surface screw threads. Our new press-forming process was tested in order to obtain accurate screw threads on stainless-steel tubes. Finite element simulation and a 3-D digitizer were used to measure the accuracy of tubes manufactured by the proposed pressing method. It was proved from FEM simulation and a 3-D digitizer measurement that the proposed press-forming method decrease tube thickness more effectively than conventional roll-forming technology. As a result, the maximum decrease in material thickness produced by conventional roll-forming process was 40%, but the maximum decrease in material thickness produced by our press-forming process was 20%. Especially the processing by four outer dies and two inner dies is better as for material thickness than the processing by six outer dies and three inner dies.
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Mansurov, Z. A. „Some Problems of the Development of Physics and Chemistry of Carbon Materials“. Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 5, Nr. 1 (12.07.2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj582.
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<p>Regularities of formation of nanocarbon materials under catalytic thermal pyrolysis of propane-butane on the Kazakhstan natural clays, chromite and bauxite sludges, containing oxides of the iron sub-group metals, are investigated. Morphology and structures of forming carbon threads with metal particles, fixed at the ends of the threads, are studied and formation of divaricate form of carbon threads – octopus – is found out. The process of carbonization is shown at walnut shells, grape and apricot stones and their cell immobilization for selective adsorption of heavy metal ions and sulfur dioxide. Metal-carbon composites considered as adsorbents for waste treatment, catalysts of cracking C<sub>3</sub>-C<sub>4</sub>, hydrocarbons and components of refractories with improved characteristics.</p>
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Korolev, P. A., A. V. Sergeeva und V. I. Terent’ev. „Aspects of Forming the Fell of a Fabric (Narrow Fabric) Made From Mineral Threads“. Fibre Chemistry 48, Nr. 4 (November 2016): 336–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10692-017-9792-z.
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Kidane, Dawit, und Peter L. Graumann. „Dynamic formation of RecA filaments at DNA double strand break repair centers in live cells“. Journal of Cell Biology 170, Nr. 3 (01.08.2005): 357–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200412090.
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We show that RecN protein is recruited to a defined DNA double strand break (DSB) in Bacillus subtilis cells at an early time point during repair. Because RecO and RecF are successively recruited to DSBs, it is now clear that dynamic DSB repair centers (RCs) exist in prokaryotes. RecA protein was also recruited to RCs and formed highly dynamic filamentous structures, which we term threads, across the nucleoids. Formation of RecA threads commenced ∼30 min after the induction of DSBs, after RecN recruitment to RCs, and disassembled after 2 h. Time-lapse microscopy showed that the threads rapidly changed in length, shape, and orientation within minutes and can extend at 1.02 μm/min. The formation of RecA threads was abolished in recJ addAB mutant cells but not in each of the single mutants, suggesting that RecA filaments can be initiated via two pathways. Contrary to proteins forming RCs, DNA polymerase I did not form foci but was present throughout the nucleoids (even after induction of DSBs or after UV irradiation), suggesting that it continuously scans the chromosome for DNA lesions.
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Anar Tulyaeva, Anar Tulyaeva, Gulmira Zhurabekova Gulmira Zhurabekova, Erbol Bekmukhambetov Erbol Bekmukhambetov, Erbolat Iztleuov Erbolat Iztleuov und Aidana Tautanova Aidana Tautanova. „DOUBLE BREAKING OF DNA THREADS AND GASTRIC CANCER“. Ambiance in Life International Scientific Journal in Medicine of Southern Caucasus 06, Nr. 01 (06.02.2021): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/0601202192.
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Relevance: Gastric cancer all over the world is ranked 4th in morbidity and 2nd in mortality [1], which is one of the most important social problems of society. GC is a complex disease that causes factors of environmental and host factors, causing factors that contribute to high mortality of gastric cancer, including its silent course, late clinical manifestations and underlying biological and genetic heterogeneity. Given the tacit and aggressive nature of gastric cancer, patients seek medical help in advanced stages. Modern science, having the opportunity to study methods for the study of oncological pathology, requires the search for diagnostic methods and the introduction of new personalized methods and monitoring in the treatment of oncological diseases. Phosphorylation of histone H2AX on Serine IY residues with the endpoint Carboxyl (which produces yH2AX) is a sensitive marker for DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. Double-strand DNA breaks cause severe damage that can cause genomic instability, resulting in cancer [2,3] [4] Diseases of a person with defects in these processes often exhibit a predisposition to cancer [5]. A key component in DNA repair is the histone H2AX protein, which rapidly becomes phosphorylated at Serine IY residues from the carboxyl endpoint (Carboxyl endpoint) (Serina c-IY) in order to form yH2AX at the appropriate sites of the DB. Within 30 minutes after DB formation, a large number of yH2AX molecules form in chromatin around the site of decomposition, forming a focus where proteins involved in DNA repair and accumulation of chromatin remodeling are accumulated [6] This Amplification enables to detect individual DB with an anti-yH2AX antibody.
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Koch, Rachel A., D. Jean Lodge, Susanne Sourell, Karen Nakasone, Austin G. McCoy und M. Catherine Aime. „Tying up loose threads: revised taxonomy and phylogeny of an avian-dispersed Neotropical rhizomorph-forming fungus“. Mycological Progress 17, Nr. 9 (08.06.2018): 989–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11557-018-1411-8.
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Rowley, John R., John J. Skvarla und Gamal El-Ghazaly. „Transfer of material through the microspore exine from the loculus into the cytoplasm“. Canadian Journal of Botany 81, Nr. 11 (01.11.2003): 1070–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b03-095.
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Our results and those we review indicate that the exine has a great capacity for modifications that enable nutrients to pass through from the anther loculus to the microspore cytoplasm. Avenues of passage include strands, some of which are viscin threads, from the tapetum to microspores in, for example, Betula, Fuchsia, and Epilobium. Micro channels in Lopezia, Gaura, and Gelsemium extend through the ectexine, endexine, and intine to the cytoplasm. The bulge regions in Epilobium represent portions of the endexine that become very greatly enlarged, forming conducting channels that transport materials into the microspore cytoplasm. Results with tracers such as colloidal iron and lanthanum have also shown that exines of microspores are permeable across areas lacking obvious channels.Key words: Betula, Epilobium, exine, Fuchsia, Gaura, Gelsemium, Lopezia, microchannels, pollen, tapetum, tufts, viscin threads.
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Coelho, Cinthia Cristina Fonseca, Robson Bruno Dutra Pereira, Carlos Henrique Lauro und Lincoln Cardoso Brandão. „Performance evaluation of tapping processes using a 7075 aluminium alloy with different cooling systems and threading heads“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 233, Nr. 19-20 (22.08.2019): 6793–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406219867730.
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Modern industry faces a great challenge: the production of consumer goods based on a triangle comprising low costs, low production time and high quality. The optimisation of modern manufacturing processes should seek not only the reduction of manufacturing time but also the reduction of mineral resources and electric energy consumption. In the context of metalworking, considering tapping processes, studies on the use of minimum quantity of lubricant are minimal and scarce. Hence, this study deals with the application of minimum quantity of lubricant and emulsion to the processes of form and machine tapping. To this end, 7075-T651 aluminium alloy workpieces were threaded using both tapping processes at three cutting/forming speeds. M10 threads with a pitch of 1.5 mm were considered the standard profile. Torque and thrust force were monitored, and three threading heads were employed in the experimental tapping tests. According to the results, it can be concluded that the best option was to use minimum quantity of lubricant in order to reduce environmental impact, given its efficient disposal of fluids and compatibility with Softsynchro threading heads, which kept both torque and axial force close to the mean values. Furthermore, this threading head model was also the best for reducing the manufacturing time of the threads.
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Bonaccorsi, S., C. Pisano, F. Puoti und M. Gatti. „Y chromosome loops in Drosophila melanogaster.“ Genetics 120, Nr. 4 (01.12.1988): 1015–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/120.4.1015.
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Abstract Primary spermatocyte nuclei of fixed testes of Drosophila melanogaster exhibit three large clusters of thread-like structures, each consisting of two long, continuous, loop-shaped filaments. No comparable intranuclear structures are observed in spermatogonia, secondary spermatocytes or spermatids. The threads begin to form in young spermatocytes, grow throughout spermatocyte development, reach their maximum size in mature spermatocytes and disintegrate prior to meiotic metaphase I. The presence of each cluster of threads depends upon the presence of a specific region of the Y chromosome; when this region is deleted the cluster is absent, and when it is duplicated the cluster is also duplicated. Together these observations strongly suggest that these structures represent giant Y chromosome lampbrush-like loops analogous to those described in Drosophila hydei. Two antibodies, one polyclonal and one monoclonal, differentially react with the three loops of D. melanogaster. Moreover, two of these loops are specifically stained by Giemsa at pH 10. By indirect immunofluorescence with these antibodies followed by Giemsa staining, each loop can be unambiguously identified and its presence and normality readily assessed. This enabled us to perform fine mapping experiments to determine the relationships between the Y chromosome fertility factors and the loops. The loop-forming sites map within the kl-5, kl-3 and ks-1 fertility factors. Regions h3 and h21 of the Y chromosome correspond to the loop-forming sites of kl-5 and ks-1, respectively. Each of these regions contains about 1300 kb of DNA and spans about one-third of its locus. The loop-forming site of the kl-3 locus is coextensive with region h7-h9 which contains about 4300 kb of DNA and corresponds to the minimum physical size of this locus. These data suggest that each loop is an integral part of a different fertility factor, representing the cytological manifestation of its activity in primary spermatocytes. The kl-2, kl-1 and ks-2 fertility regions do not produce any visible intranuclear structure and do not affect the kl-5, kl-3 and ks-1 loops. Thus, these loci may either not form loops at all or produce loop-like structures that we are unable to see because they are physically minute, destroyed by our fixation procedure, or both.
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Yang, Cai Yun, und Wen Zhang Li. „The Design Principle and Weaving Technique of Distance Fabric“. Advanced Materials Research 332-334 (September 2011): 647–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.332-334.647.
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Distance fabric is a new structure textile characterized by its two parallel skins of 2D fabric integrally connected by large numbers of the through-thickness threads. The paper explores the principle of distance fabric forming and the weave structure developed by us, and introduces the weaving process in detail and also discusses some problems which should be emphasized in weaving this new structural textiles. The weaving practice indicates that the new theory of producing distance fabric is feasible.
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CHAUHAN, A., C. MALDARELLI, D. T. PAPAGEORGIOU und D. S. RUMSCHITZKI. „Temporal instability of compound threads and jets“. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 420 (10.10.2000): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112000001282.
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Compound threads and jets consist of a core liquid surrounded by an annulus of a second immiscible liquid. Capillary forces derived from axisymmetric disturbances in the circumferential curvatures of the two interfaces destabilize cylindrical base states of compound threads and jets (with inner and outer radii R1 and aR1 respectively). The capillary instability causes breakup into drops; the presence of the annular phase allows both the annular- and core-phase properties to influence the drop size. Of technological interest is breakup where the core snaps first, and then the annulus. This results in compound drops. With jets, this pattern can form composite particles, or if the annular fluid is evaporatively removed, single drops whose size is modulated by both fluids.This paper is a study of the linear temporal instability of compound threads and jets to understand how annular fluid properties control drop size in jet breakup, and to determine conditions which favour compound drop formation. The temporal dispersion equation is solved numerically for non-dimensional annular thicknesses a of order one, and analytically for thin annuli (a – 1 = ε [Lt ] 1) by asymptotic expansion in ε. There are two temporally growing modes: a stretching mode, unstable for wavelengths greater than the undisturbed inner circumference 2πR1, in which the two interfaces grow in phase; and a squeezing mode, unstable for wavelengths greater than 2πaR1, which grows exactly out of phase. Growth rates are always real, indicating that in jetting configurations disturbances convect downstream with the base velocity. For order-one thicknesses, the growth rate of the stretching mode is higher for the entire range of system parameters examined. The drop size scales with the wavenumber of the maximally growing wave (kmax). We find that for the dominant stretching mode and a = 2, variations from 0.1 to 10 in the ratios of the annulus to core viscosity, or the tension of the outer surface to that of the inner interface, can result in changes in kmax by a factor of approximately 2. However, for these changes in the system ratios, the growth rate (smax) and the ratio of the amplitude of the outer to the inner interface (Amax) for the fastest growing wave only change marginally, with Amax near one. The system appears most sensitive to the ratio of the density of the annulus to the core fluid. For a variation between 0.1 and 10, kmax again changes by a factor of 2, but Amax and smax vary more significantly with large amplitude ratios for low density ratios. The amplitude ratio of the stretching mode at the maximally growing wave (Amax) indicates whether the film or core will break first. When this ratio is near one, linear theory predicts that the core breaks with the annulus intact, forming compound drops. Except for low values of the density ratio, our results indicate that most system conditions promote compound drop formation.For thin annuli, the growth rate disparity between modes becomes even greater. In the limit ε → 0, the squeezing growth rate is roughly proportional to ε2 while the stretching mode growth rate is roughly proportional to ε0 and asymptotes to a single jet with radius R1 and tension equal to the sum of the two tensions. Thus, in this limit the growth rate and kmax are independent of the film density and viscosity. The amplitude ratio of the stretching mode becomes equal to one for all wavenumbers; so thin films break as compound drops. Our results compare favourably with previously published measurements on unstable waves in compound jets.
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Sobotová, Lydia, Ružena Králiková und Miroslav Badida. „The Analysis of Chosen Material Properties at Thermal Drilling“. Key Engineering Materials 635 (Dezember 2014): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.635.35.
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The contribution deals with joining of materials and creating of bushes from aluminum materials, with using of new joining technologies by thermal drilling, it means by Flowdrill method. This method is using at joining of materials such as sheets, pipes, hollow profiles, where the thickness of material does not allow to make the drilling with enough number of threads. Also we can compare this thermal drilling technology with production of smooth cylindrical and conical bushings by forming technologies. This paper was made with cooperation with firm Commerc Service spol.s.r.o., Prešov.
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SHEEHAN, John K., Marjorie HOWARD, Paul S. RICHARDSON, Toby LONGWILL und David J. THORNTON. „Physical characterization of a low-charge glycoform of the MUC5B mucin comprising the gel-phase of an asthmatic respiratory mucous plug“. Biochemical Journal 338, Nr. 2 (22.02.1999): 507–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3380507.
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We have previously noted that sequential extraction of an asthmatic mucous exudate with 6 M guanidinium chloride yielded a fraction of the mucins that were most resistant to solubilization and of high Mr [Sheehan, Richardson, Fung, Howard and Thornton (1995) Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 13, 748–756]. Here we show that this mucin fraction is dominated (at least 96% of the total) by the low-charge glycoform of the MUC5B gene product. Seen in the electron microscope the mucins appeared mainly as compact ‘island ’ structures composed of linear threads often emanating from globular ‘nodes ’ rather than the discrete linear threads more typical of mucins that we have previously described. The effect of reducing agents was as expected for other gel-forming mucins, i.e. reduced subunits or monomers of Mr 3×106) were produced within 15 min of treatment. Kinetic experiments on the cleavage of the intact mucins with the proteinase trypsin indicated two clear regimes of fragmentation. An initial rapid cleavage generated mucins ranging from Mr = 4×106 to 30×106 that in the electron microscope appeared as polydisperse threads (500–3000 nm in length), similar to normal and other respiratory mucins that we have previously characterized. A subsequent slower fragmentation over many hours yielded a major fragment of Mr 3×106 and length 200–600 nm, very similar in size and Mr to the subunits obtained by reduction. The results suggest that the MUC5B mucin is assembled, first into polydisperse linear threads, which are then linked together via a protein-mediated process. This might involve part of the mucin polypeptide or an as yet unidentified protein(s). The high proteinase susceptibility of the linkage suggests that it might be a point of control for mucin size and thus mucus rheology.
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Thelle, Rannfrid Irene. „Matrices of motherhood in Judges 5“. Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 43, Nr. 3 (März 2019): 436–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309089218772576.
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In Judges 5, patterns of motherhood weave throughout the poem, forming an intrinsic component of the fabric of the text. In pursuing these threads, I focus on the construction of Deborah as ‘mother in Israel’, both through this plain attribution and through the intriguing ordering of the Israelite tribes. A focus on Deborah as Israelite matriarch—a counterpart to Jacob—brings into sharp relief the counterpoint between the tribes of Deborah and the Canaanites. The imagined anxieties of the mother of Sisera serve to implicate mothers in a justification of violence against women. The poem thus prods readers/audiences to consider Israelite and their own perceptions of their enemies. The striking climax of the poem comes with the blessing for Jael and her killing of Sisera, the captain of Israel’s enemy, with the figure of Jael forming a point of triangulation in the intriguing interplay between these pivotal mothers.
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Dong, Liangliang, Jing Wang und Xiaohua Zhu. „Design and mechanical behavior study of ultrahigh-torque variable pitch casing joint“. Advances in Mechanical Engineering 11, Nr. 1 (Januar 2019): 168781401881408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814018814084.
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The top drive for casing running system can effectively avoid borehole neck down and sticking, reducing construction period by about 50%. However, the casing will bear higher torque load, and the casing joint threads can meet the bearing performance, which have a critical impact on casing running and the life of oil and gas wells. Variable pitch can reduce thread stress concentration and improve load-bearing strength. Lacking research on mechanical behavior has greatly restricted the development of variable pitch thread. This article generated a variable pitch casing joint thread helix forming method and control equation; designed an ultrahigh-torque variable pitch casing joint thread based on the theory of screw transformation matrix; established a three-dimensional finite element model of the variable pitch casing joint; optimized the main structure parameters with the judgment of torque-bearing capacity; and conducted parameter-sensitivity evaluation of guide surface angle, bearing surface angle, pitch of box thread, and amount of varying pitch under tension load, compression load, bending load, and torque load. The designed variable pitch casing joint had been successfully used in several top driving casing running wells, downed to the maximum depth of 4375 m, the largest hole deviation angle of 55.37° and horizontal section length of about 260 m. Under a torque of 4000 N m, the top drive rotated down into the gas well successfully without failure. The research work of this article has significance on variable pitch thread and enhances the bearing capacity of the thread.
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Ziadia, Marwa, Jaouhar Fattahi, Mohamed Mejri und Emil Pricop. „Smali+: An Operational Semantics for Low-Level Code Generated from Reverse Engineering Android Applications“. Information 11, Nr. 3 (27.02.2020): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info11030130.
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Today, Android accounts for more than 80% of the global market share. Such a high rate makes Android applications an important topic that raises serious questions about its security, privacy, misbehavior and correctness. Application code analysis is obviously the most appropriate and natural means to address these issues. However, no analysis could be led with confidence in the absence of a solid formal foundation. In this paper, we propose a full-fledged formal approach to build the operational semantics of a given Android application by reverse-engineering its assembler-type code, called Smali. We call the new formal language Smali + . Its semantics consist of two parts. The first one models a single-threaded program, in which a set of main instructions is presented. The second one presents the semantics of a multi-threaded program which is an important feature in Android that has been glossed over in the-state-of-the-art works. All multi-threading essentials such as scheduling, threads communication and synchronization are considered in these semantics. The resulting semantics, forming Smali + , are intended to provide a formal basis for developing security enforcement, analysis and misbehaving detection techniques for Android applications.
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Laksono, Pringgo Widyo, Muslim Mahardika, Suyitno und Punto Dewo. „Surface Characteristics of Indonesian Cortical Bone Screw“. Advanced Materials Research 893 (Februar 2014): 349–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.893.349.
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Machining processed with various conditions form the surface characteristics of materials. Material processes needed for forming parts such as bone screws. This paper presents surface characteristics of bone screw for orthopedic implant that processed by conventional turning machine with various conditions. Manufacturing production in conventional way of bone screw connector is expected to produce same geometry, dimensions and quality as well as the product from abroad. The screws design type that used for cortical bone orthopedic implant known as cortical bone screw. Cortical screws have fine threads along the shaft and are designed to anchor in cortical bone. In this research, screws were made of stainless steel 316L which mounted on the horizontal lathe and the head manufactured by punching machine. Bone screws which used for interfragmentary bone surgery manufactured by lathe machine with various conditions such as various thread per inch, various cutting tools angle, various cutting tools properties and also various depth of cut. So this research focus on the extent to which the influence of machining parameters namely cutting speed, depth of cut, feed rate, cutting angle, number of thread and tool selection to the surface characteristic of the bone screw. Based on the result from the different machining parameter, they are affecting to the quality of the cortical screw on the microstructure, and the surface roughness.
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Cai, Lingzhi, Joel Marthelot und P. T. Brun. „An unbounded approach to microfluidics using the Rayleigh–Plateau instability of viscous threads directly drawn in a bath“. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, Nr. 46 (28.10.2019): 22966–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1914270116.
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We study the droplet-forming instability of a thin jet extruded from a nozzle moving horizontally below the surface of an isoviscous immiscible fluid bath. While this interfacial instability is a classic problem in fluid mechanics, it has never been studied in the context of the deposition of a thread into a reservoir, an open-sky version of microfluidics. As the nozzle translates through the reservoir, drops may form at the nozzle (dripping) or further downstream (jetting). We first focus on rectilinear printing paths and derive a scaling law to rationalize the transition between dripping and jetting. We then leverage the flexibility of our system and study the dynamics of breakup when printing sinusoidal paths. We unravel a methodology to control both the size of the drops formed by the instability and the distance that separates them.
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Roshchin, Dmitriy A. „Improving the accuracy of forming a digital terrain model along the railway“. Izmeritel`naya Tekhnika, Nr. 2 (2021): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32446/0368-1025it.2021-2-22-29.
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The problem of improving the accuracy of digital terrain models created for monitoring and diagnostics of the railway track and the surrounding area is considered. A technical solution to this problem is presented, which includes a method for joint aerial photography and laser scanning, as well as a method for digital processing of the obtained data. The relevance of using this solution is due to the existence of zones of weak reception of signals from the global navigation satellite system, since in these zones the accuracy of constructing digital terrain models using currently used diagnostic spatial scanning systems is reduced. The technical solution is based on the method of digital processing of aerial photographs of the railway track. In this case, as elements of external orientation, the threads of the rail track located at a normalized distance from each other are used. The use of this method made it possible to increase the accuracy of determining the flight path of an aircraft over railway tracks and, as a result, the accuracy of calculating the coordinates of points on the earth's surface. As a result, a digital terrain model was created that is suitable for diagnostics and monitoring the condition of the railway trackbed. During simulation modeling, it was found that the application of the proposed method allowed to reduce to 50 % the confidence interval of the distribution of the error in determining the coordinates of points on the terrain and increase the accuracy of forming a digital terrain model. This promising technical solution for improving the accuracy of digital terrain models for railway track diagnostics is implemented using unmanned aerial vehicles that are part of the mobile diagnostic complex. The advantages of the proposed solution include high efficiency and availability of application.
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Yushkova, N. G., E. G. Gushchina und A. V. Shokhneh. „Spatial Location of Regional Resources within the Strategic Drift of Globalization: Problems, Tendencies, Procedures“. SHS Web of Conferences 62 (2019): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20196202004.
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From the beginning of the XXI century between the processes of regional systems globalization and location development resources bigger contradictions can be seen. Balanced spatial development of territories is in ideal concepts and models for economics and society formation. But their implementation is under the influence of risks and threads. The uncial properties of regional systems are underestimated and their resource potential is used not reasonably. Thereby the strategic drift of globalization itself becomes not the fillip, but thread of perspective regional systems development. This investigation is dedicated to grounding ways to overcome its negative influence. Within this investigation we formulate a problem of global order tendencies analyses; development of new management tasks, including the formats of institutional norms, transforming the process of reproduction; forming of adaptive space reorganization procedure considering the lack of localized resources factor. Scientific novelty of the investigation is on optimization of the actual methods and tools for strategic management the territories and grounding the perspectives regional systems polistructural modelling. This allows to reduce strategic drift of globalization risks, modify regional economics evolution driving force and decrease human resources investigation process turbulence, assets, plots of land, preserve the integrality of the formed space and minimize its disbalance.
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Wood, Susan M., und William Newcomb. „Nodule morphogenesis: the early infection of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) root hairs by Rhizobium meliloti“. Canadian Journal of Botany 67, Nr. 10 (01.10.1989): 3108–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b89-390.
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The growth and development of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) cv. Saranac root hairs and their infection by Rhizobium meliloti strain 102F51 was studied with Smith's interference contrast optics. Uninoculated root hairs grew and matured over a 10-h growth period. The nucleus migrated from a position opposite that of root-hair protrusion at initiation to the base of the root-hair protrusion, then into the growing root hair during the most active phase. When growth was nearly complete, the nucleus assumed a position near the base of the vacuolate root hair. If root hairs were inoculated during the first 2 h of growth after initiation, either "Shepherd's crooks" or root hairs deformed into a tight curl as the tip developed. Some of these Shepherd's rooks later demonstrated typical infection-thread formation. Root hairs that were inoculated between 4 and 6 h after root-hair initiation demonstrated branched growth, with the branch forming opposite the position of the nucleus at the time of infection. Infection threads occasionally formed in either the side branches or tip branches. Root hairs that were older than 6 h at the time of inoculation formed a variety of growth deformations, including ballooning, and elongate, spatulate, spiralling, or intertwined growth. Infections in this population of root hairs were rare.
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Tamadon, A., D. J. Pons und D. Clucas. „Analogue Modelling of Flow Patterns in Bobbin Friction Stir Welding by the Dark-Field/Bright-Field Illumination Method“. Advances in Materials Science 20, Nr. 1 (01.03.2020): 56–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/adms-2020-0003.
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AbstractThe flow-inducing effect of the bobbin-tool features (tri-flat pin and scrolled shoulder) were replicated by a simple analogue model for aluminium welds by layered plasticine samples. Flow patterns of the weld zone were clarified by a typical stereomicroscopy instrument assisted by dark-field/bright-field illumination. The effects of the pin features, specifically threads and flats in centre of bond zone and scrolled shoulder in sides of stirred zone, were identified. This study shows that internal flow features for BFSW welds is transferable from the friction stir welding process to the functional metal forming processes such where the shearing can extensively affect the microstructure. The similarity between the flow pattern of the provided aluminium samples and the plasticine analogue can validate the accuracy of the flow model presented in this work.
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Kalniuk, Tomasz. „New Sacred Places in Contemporary Poland: Ethnographic Case Study of Two Miracles in Sokółka and Legnica“. Journal of Religion in Europe 14, Nr. 1-2 (26.07.2021): 55–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18748929-20211419.
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Abstract Events that happened in Poland in 2008 and 2013 related to the alleged miracles in Sokółka (in the Podlasie region) and Legnica (in the Silesia region) seriously affected the native ‘sacrosphere.’ Sensational information about the unusual events polarized public opinion by confronting secular and religious worldviews. At the same time, the increase in the devotion of the faithful was accompanied by folklore-forming mechanisms, adding new threads to the ‘miraculous story.’ Ethnographic research performed in the newly founded sanctuaries reveals elements of sensuality specific to folk religiosity. Miracles displaying the motif of blood build the reputation of Sokółka and Legnica as new holy places, attracting pilgrims and tourists from Poland and abroad. Contrary to pessimistic predictions of widespread secularization, there was a revival of the so-called ‘traditional piety.’ Folk religiosity revealed its vitality.
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Deltour, R., H. Mosen und R. Bronchart. „Three-dimensional electron microscopy of the internal nucleolus-associated chromatin and of the nucleolar vacuoles during early germination of Sinapis alba“. Journal of Cell Science 82, Nr. 1 (01.06.1986): 53–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.82.1.53.
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Spatial relationships between the internal nucleolus-associated chromatin (NAC) and the numerous nucleolar vacuoles that appear during early germination have been studied in nucleoli of quiescent (non-germinated) and early germinating embryos of Sinapis using serial sections. In quiescent non-vacuolated nucleoli, the transcriptionally inactive internal NAC is a short strand about 900 nm thick that in cross-section appears as heterogeneous fibrillar centres (FCs). At 4 and 6 h after germination one or several large networks of interconnected nucleolar vacuoles develop around the dispersing internal NAC. Clumps of dense chromatin are still present within the nucleolar vacuoles and are probably unfolding into deoxyribonucleoprotein (DNP) fibres (about 110 nm thick), which rapidly intrude within the nucleolar body and form thin chromatin threads. At 24 h after germination the internal NAC is more dispersed and forms, for its greatest part, a long thread (about 240 nm in diameter) wrapped up with a few dense fibrillar component, the whole forming the first outline of a nucleolonema. In cross-section most of the internal NAC appears as homogeneous FCs but short portions remain more condensed and appear as heterogeneous FCs always associated with a nucleolar vacuole. From 48 h the internal NAC is a longer thinner strand (about 160 nm in diameter), probably continuous and surrounded entirely by a homogeneous muff of dense fibrillar component, the whole forming a typical nucleolonema (about 950 nm thick) meandering throughout the nucleolus. Small amounts of the internal NAC still remain undispersed in the form of heterogeneous FCs associated with a nucleolar vacuole. The repeated association of nucleolar vacuoles and dispersing internal NAC suggests that they could play a role in chromatin dispersion and, or, activation by creating a favourable microenvironment.
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LABELLE, BRANDON. „Phantom Music: radio, memory, and narratives from auditory life“. Organised Sound 11, Nr. 1 (15.03.2006): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355771806000045.
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Radio and memory form a radical coupling, stitching together musical cultures with personal psychologies. I pursue such relations in Phantom Music by focusing on, and unpacking a project I developed for exhibition in 2005. The project, Phantom Radio, is based on forming a library of radio memory. Collecting stories from 105 individuals from around the world, the library consists of written statements and CDs of all the songs mentioned. Through the project, questions of broadcast technology, and the work of memory, are brought forward. To pursue such questions, the following article maps out the territory explored in the project. Reflecting on various threads, from habits of listening to the effects of music on individual lives, leads to a tracing out of the ‘phantasmic’ and the ‘social’ aspects of radio. And further, how music supplies a form of shared ground to the individual instances of unexpected experiences.
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Priest, E. R. „A Dynamic Dextral-Sinistral Model for the Structure and Evolution of Prominence Magnetic Fields“. International Astronomical Union Colloquium 167 (1998): 453–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100048090.
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AbstractWe propose the following coherent model for prominences.(i)They are composed of many fine threads whose mass we suggest has two kinds of origin. Some of the mass may be lifted from the upper photosphere in response to cancellation of magnetic flux in small flux tubes. If this rate of mass supply is slow then the mass needs to be supported, but if the mass supply rate is as large as the natural rate of draining then no support is necessary. However, much of the mass may not need to be supplied or supported at all, if it comprises dynamic threads of cool plasma that are in pressure balance with their hot surroundings and are continually forming from the corona and heating up again in response to a localised heating mechanism.(ii)The overall structure is of a large-scale flux tube along the polarity inversion line with an overlying arcade that links the network on either side of the filament channel. The structure of the channel and of barbs is explained by the distribution of flux sources along the channels, with majority polarity producing plagettes and minority polarity the barbs.(iii)The chirality of polar-crown prominences is suggested to be caused by a combination of subsurface flows, flux emergence and reconnection. By contrast, two generic types of low-latitude filament, namely those associated with unipolar flux tongues and with the emergence of new active regions near to remnant regions, are a natural consequence of nonuniform flux distribution and converging flux.
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Belli, Sabina I., Michael G. Wallach, Catherine Luxford, Michael J. Davies und Nicholas C. Smith. „Roles of Tyrosine-Rich Precursor Glycoproteins and Dityrosine- and 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine-Mediated Protein Cross-Linking in Development of the Oocyst Wall in the Coccidian Parasite Eimeria maxima“. Eukaryotic Cell 2, Nr. 3 (Juni 2003): 456–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.2.3.456-464.2003.
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ABSTRACT The oocyst wall of apicomplexan parasites protects them from the harsh external environment, preserving their survival prior to transmission to the next host. If oocyst wall formation could be disrupted, then logically, the cycle of disease transmission could be stopped, and strategies to control infection by several organisms of medical and veterinary importance such as Eimeria, Plasmodium, Toxoplasma, Cyclospora, and Neospora could be developed. Here, we show that two tyrosine-rich precursor glycoproteins, gam56 and gam82, found in specialized organelles (wall-forming bodies) in the sexual stage (macrogamete) of Eimeria maxima are proteolytically processed into smaller glycoproteins, which are then incorporated into the developing oocyst wall. The identification of high concentrations of dityrosine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) in oocyst extracts by high-pressure liquid chromatography, together with the detection of a UV autofluorescence in intact oocysts, implicates dityrosine- and possibly DOPA-protein cross-links in oocyst wall hardening. In addition, the identification of peroxidase activity in the wall-forming bodies of macrogametes supports the hypothesis that dityrosine- and DOPA-mediated cross-linking might be an enzyme-catalyzed event. As such, the mechanism of oocyst wall formation in Eimeria, is analogous to the underlying mechanisms involved in the stabilization of extracellular matrices in a number of organisms, widely distributed in nature, including insect resilin, nematode cuticles, yeast cell walls, mussel byssal threads, and sea urchin fertilization membranes.
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Machida, Mami, Takuya Akahori, Kenji Nakamura, Hiroyuki Nakanishi und Marijke Haverkorn. „Faraday Depolarization Effects in Spiral Galaxies“. Galaxies 7, Nr. 1 (12.01.2019): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/galaxies7010015.
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Magnetic fields in the universe play an essential role in observations of the radio synchrotron continuum; however, we do not know enough about them, either observationally or theoretically. We are interested in galactic magnetic fields because they affect the structural formation of galaxies in terms of star-forming regions, spiral arms, and threads at the galactic center. To clarify the importance of magnetic fields, we carried out numerical simulations of the galactic gaseous disk with magnetic fields. We also calculated observables, such as the rotation measure and Stokes parameters, from the results of numerical simulation. FD maps and intensity maps have been reported, and the relation between azimuthal angle and FD has been shown to depend on the inclination of the observer. Furthermore, it has been shown that a polarized intensity below 800 MHz reflects field structure in the halo region, although the intensity is weak. The present paper summarizes the effects of Faraday depolarization and the relation between magnetic-field structure and Stokes parameters.