Thematische Bibliographien / Formation Los Molles

Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Formation Los Molles“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 25. Mai 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Formation Los Molles"

Ostera, Héctor Adolfo, Roberto García, Daniel Malizia, Pablo Kokot, Leonel Wainstein und Marcelo Ricciutti. „Shale gas plays, Neuquén Basin, Argentina: chemostratigraphy and mud gas carbon isotopes insights“. Brazilian Journal of Geology 46, suppl 1 (Juni 2016): 181–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-4889201620150001.

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ABSTRACT: In order to enhance the knowledge of shale objectives from Vaca Muerta and Los Molles Formations in the Neuquén Basin, Argentina, chemostratigraphic and mud gas carbon isotope analyses were performed in two wells from Agua del Cajón and Salitral oilfields (ADC-1016 and NqSa-1148). Geochemical data show restricted levels in both cases to perforate and produce. In ADC-1016 well, Lower Los Molles Formation looks like the most suitable play to be produced. At El Salitral oilfield (NqSa-1148), the best remarkable Vaca Muerta-Quintuco objectives are associated with authigenic elements, in limited horizons. Enhancement of the Quintuco reservoir by deep circulating fluids (thermobaric reservoir) is suggested. Carbon isotope analysis reveals complex processes that affected the gas composition. Addition of microbial methane, biodegradation of ethane-propane and mixing of gases has been recognized. Isotope reversals and presumed water reforming of hydrocarbons have been registered associated with overpressure for Lower Los Molles Formation in the ADC-1016 well, which is pointed out as the most promising shale play in the area. Vaca Muerta gases at Agua del Cajon ADC- 1016 well are associated with the homonymous source. El Salitral 1148 well shows that primary isotope composition in gases from Vaca Muerta shale play and Quintuco reservoir could be associated with a Lower Los Molles source, an aloctonous charge related with the main structures of the area.

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BAUDET, JEAN C. „La formation des ingénieurs et les sciences ‘molles’“. European Journal of Engineering Education 16, Nr. 4 (Januar 1991): 371–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03043799108939542.

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Fernández, Marta S. „A new ichthyosaur from the Los Molles Formation (Early Bajocian), Neuquen Basin, Argentina“. Journal of Paleontology 73, Nr. 4 (Juli 1999): 677–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000032492.

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A large ichthyosaur from the Los Molles Formation (Early Bajocian) of the Neuquén Basin, Northwestern Patagonia, Argentina, represents a new genus and species,Mollesaurus periallus.The holotype ofM. periallusnew species represents, along with the type ofChacaicosaurus cayithat was found at the same locality, the only diagnostic ichthyosaur specimens from the Aalenian-Bathonian interval.

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Davaille, Anne, Erika Di Giuseppe, Eric Mittelstaedt und Suzanne Smrekar. „Convection dans les planètes « molles » : du laboratoire à Vénus“. Reflets de la physique, Nr. 66 (Juli 2020): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/refdp/202066010.

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Dans les manteaux des planètes rocheuses et dans les dispersions colloïdales, une variation de température ou de composition peut induire des variations de densité, la gélification de leur microstructure et une modification drastique de leur viscosité. Mouvements de convection et formation d’une peau faiblement déformable en surface peuvent donc coexister. L’étude de la convection dans les dispersions colloïdales peut fournir des informations précieuses sur la physique des planètes. Ainsi, nous avons montré que les panaches thermiques sont importants pour casser la peau de surface et induire la subduction de celle-ci, un phénomène qui pourrait être actif sur Vénus aujourd’hui.

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Benedetto, Juan L. „Early Ordovician (Arenig) brachiopods from volcaniclastic rocks of the Famatina Range, northwest Argentina“. Journal of Paleontology 77, Nr. 2 (März 2003): 212–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000043614.

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This paper constitutes the first monographical study of the rich brachiopod faunas from the Early Ordovician Suri and Molles Formations of the central Famatina Range, which form a nearly continuous, more than 2,000 m thick succession of fossiliferous clastic and volcaniclastic rocks. Conodonts from the brachiopod-rich levels of the upper third of the Suri Formation and Los Molles Formation indicate the upper part of the Oepikodus evae Biozone (mid-Arenig). The systematic study of brachiopod faunas reveals the presence of 22 species belonging to 19 genera, three of which are new. The new genera recognized are the orthid Suriorthis, the hesperonomiid Mollesella, and the rectostrophiid Trigonostrophia. The following 12 new species and subspecies are described and illustrated: the clitambonitoidean Tritoechia mollesensis; the skenidioideans Crossiskenidium? stelzneri and Skenidioides kayseri; the orthoideans Paralenorthis suriensis, Paralenorthis riojanus brevis, Panderina? ambigua, Productorthis angulensis, Hesperonomiella arcuata, and Monorthis transversa; the plectorthoideans Ffynnonia famatinensis and Desmorthis? bifurcata; and the porambonitoidean Rugostrophia protoandina. Associated forms are Tritoechia sp., Pinatotoechia acantha Benedetto, 2001b; Protoskenidioides cf. revelata Williams, 1974; Hesperonomia orientalis Benedetto, 1998a; Paralenorthis riojanus (Levy and Nullo, 1973), Famatinorthis turneri (Levy and Nullo, 1973); and Camerella sp. Brachiopods from the Famatina Range display strong affinities with Welsh and Central Newfoundland, Maine and New Brunswick volcanic assemblages forming with them a statistically well defined Celtic cluster. Faunal evidence suggests that the Famatina volcanic belt continues northward into the western Puna belt.

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Chaumeil Rodríguez, Micaela, Emanuela Mattioli und Juan Pablo Pérez Panera. „Lower Jurassic calcareous nannofossil taxonomy revisited according to the Neuquén Basin (Argentina) record“. Journal of Micropalaeontology 41, Nr. 1 (26.04.2022): 75–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jm-41-75-2022.

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Abstract. Standard Early Jurassic biostratigraphic studies were performed in the boreal and Tethys realms (western Europe and northern Africa), and biozonations from these areas are the most accurate of the world. Comparatively, investigations in the Pacific realm are scarce, and, in Argentina, they are limited to contributions based on oil-industry subsurface and outcrop reports for the Los Molles Formation. A focused systematic analysis was not previously addressed in the area. The Neuquén Basin in west–central Argentina offers a unique opportunity to study the Early Jurassic calcareous nannofossil history in the south-eastern Pacific Ocean. Calcareous nannofossil assemblages from El Matuasto I section (Los Molles Formation) represent one of the earliest records for the Early Jurassic in the Neuquén Basin and one of the few for the eastern Pacific realm. A detailed systematic analysis allowed the recognition of major bioevents and a comparison with worldwide associations and biostratigraphic schemes. A thorough taxonomic discussion of the Early Jurassic nannofossil species of the Neuquén Basin is presented for the first time. Herein, the taxonomic features of coccoliths recorded in the Neuquén Basin are settled. The age of the calcareous nannofossil assemblages recorded in El Matuasto I is early–late Pliensbachian, covering the NJT4a to NJT4c subzones. Similarities between the Neuquén Basin and localities from the proto-Atlantic region suggest an effective connection between the Pacific and Tethyan basins during the Pliensbachian.

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Stinco, Luis, und Silvia Barredo. „Geomechanics and electrofacies characterization of the Los Molles Formation (lower to Middle Jurassic), Neuquén Basin“. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 110 (Oktober 2021): 103338. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2021.103338.

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Giacomone, Gabriel, Cornel Olariu, Ron Steel und Moonsoo Shin. „A coarse‐grained basin floor turbidite system – the Jurassic Los Molles Formation, Neuquen Basin, Argentina“. Sedimentology 67, Nr. 7 (13.08.2020): 3809–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/sed.12771.

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Gómez-Pérez, Irene. „An Early Jurassic deep-water stromatolitic bioherm related to possible methane seepage (Los Molles Formation, Neuquén, Argentina)“. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 201, Nr. 1-2 (Dezember 2003): 21–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-0182(03)00508-x.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Formation Los Molles"

Chaumeil, Rodriguez Micaela. „Calcareous nannofossils from Los Molles Formation, south of Huincul High, Neuquén Basin, Argentina : biostratigraphy and paleobiogeographic reconstructions for the Early to Middle Jurassic (Pliensbachian-Aalenian)“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LYO10116.

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Les nannofossiles calcaires représentent un groupe diversifié de fossiles, remontant au Trias supérieur et s'étendant jusqu'à nos jours, caractérisés par leur composition calcaire et une taille inférieure à 30 µm. Parmi eux, les coccolithophoridés, qui constituent la fraction la plus importante du nannoplancton calcaire, c'est-à-dire des algues unicellulaires flagellées typiquement marins appartenant à la sous-classe Calcihaptophycidae, recouvertes de plaques de carbonate de calcium (coccolithes). Les représentants fossiles des coccolithophoridés correspond à leurs restes d'exosquelette, généralement conservés sous une forme désagrégée, comme des coccolithes individuels. Leur présence dans les océans est essentielle, car ils constituent l'un des principaux groupes de producteurs primaires marins. Les données géologiques suggèrent que les coccolithophoridés ont maintenu leurs exigences écologiques presque inchangées au fil du temps, et ainsi nous permettant de reconstruire de manière fiable les conditions paléoenvironnementales, paléobiogéographiques et paléoclimatiques. L'objectif général de cette thèse est d'étudier les associations de nannofossiles calcaires des sédiments marins du Jurassique inférieur-moyen au sud haut structural de Huincul du bassin de Neuquén (Argentine) et de combiner ces informations avec celles déjà disponibles afin d'élargir et d'améliorer les ressources biostratigraphiques du bassin. En comparant ces enregistrements avec des associations de nannofossiles calcaires provenant d'autres endroits du monde, nous visons à établir des corrélations d'âge globales et à évaluer les relations paléobiogéographiques, afin de générer un modèle biostratigraphique local. L'étude se concentre sur des échantillons provenant de trois sections d'affleurement et de deux forages d'exploration. Un total de 102 échantillons de surface et 111 échantillons de subsurface ont été étudiés. En outre, des analyses géochimiques (i.e. les isotopes stables du carbone, la matière organique totale et la composition élémentaire) ont été effectuées sur 384 échantillons d'affleurement. Des techniques de décantation aléatoire et de décantation par gravité ont été utilisées pour traiter les échantillons de nannofossiles. Le degré de similitude entre les associations de nannofossiles a été évalué en effectuant une analyse NMDS et une analyse UPGMA, en utilisant l'indice de similitude de Dice. La pyrolyse et la spectrométrie de masse du rapport isotopique ont été utilisées pour traiter les échantillons en vue de l'analyse de la matière organique totale et des isotopes stables, respectivement. Pour l'analyse élémentaire, la technique de diffraction des rayons X a été utilisée. Quarante-neuf espèces sont ici décrites, répartis dans neuf famillies et une espèce insertae sedis, dont cinq sont reconnues pour la première fois pour le bassin et le Pacifique sud-est. Six biozones et de nombreuses sous-zones sont reconnues en surface et subsurface, et sont en corrélation avec les schémas biostratigraphiques de la région de la Téthys. Elles correspondent au Pliensbachien à l'Aalénien moyen - Bajocien inférieur (NJT4–NJT9). Trois intervalles d'excursions isotopiques négatives accompagnées d'augmentations de la teneur en matière organique sont identifiés. Le premier d'entre eux est considéré comme l'équivalent temporel de le T-OAE. Les autres excursions de grande amplitude enregistrées au Toarcien moyen et dans l'intervalle Toarcien-Aalénien représentent le premier enregistrement de ce type pour l'intervalle Toarcien-Aalénien dans le bassin de Neuquén, et le deuxième enregistrement pour l'hémisphère sud. Les associations de nannofossiles calcaires du Pliensbachien sont liées à celles de la région de Téthys. Le Corridor hispanique est identifié comme la voie de dispersion des nannofossiles calcaires entre les océans Paléo-Pacifique et Téthys au cours du Jurassique inférieur, ce qui indique que son ouverture remonte au moins au début du Pliensbachien
Calcareous nannofossils represent a diverse group of fossils, dating back to the Late Triassic and extending their record to the present day, characterised by their calcareous composition and a size under 30 microns. Among them oustand the coccolithophorids, which constitute the most important fraction of calcareous nannoplankton, i.e. flagellated unicellular algae belonging to the Subclass Calcihaptophycidae, covered by calcium carbonate plates (coccoliths), and typically marine inhabitants of the photic zone. The representation of coccolithophorids in the fossil record corresponds to their exoskeletal remnants, commonly preserved in a disaggregated form, as individual coccoliths. Their presence in the oceans is key as they are one of the main groups of marine primary producers. Evidence from the geological record suggests that coccolithophorids have maintained their ecological requirements almost invariant over time, making them key to reconstruct palaeoenvironmental, palaeobiogeographical and palaeoclimatic conditions. The aim of this thesis is to study the calcareous nannofossil associations of Early-Middle Jurassic marine sediments, south of the Huincul High, Neuquén Basin (Argentina). By combining this information with that already available, we seek to expand and improve the biostratigraphic resources of the basin, determine similarities with assemblages from other regions of the world, and evaluate the response of these organisms to important palaeoenvironmental events. The study focuses on samples from three outcrop sections —named El Matuasto I, II and III— and two exploratory boreholes —YPF.Nq.BCE.x-1 and YPF.Nq.PTU.x-2—. A total of 102 surface samples, 20 core samples and 91 drill cuttings samples were studied. In addition, geochemical analyses (i.e., stable carbon isotopes, total organic matter and elemental composition) were performed on 384 outcrop samples. Random settling and gravity settling techniques were used to process the calcareous nannofossil samples. Quantitative analysis of nannofossils required counting at least 300 individuals; in case of a sample with low abundance, counting stopped at 450 fields of view. The degree of similarity between nannofossil associations was assessed by running NMDS and UPGMA analyses, both using the Dice index. Pyrolysis and isotope ratio mass spectrometry were used to process samples for total organic matter and stable isotope analysis, respectively. For the elemental analysis, the X-ray diffraction technique was executed. In all cases, samples containing shell remains and/or evidence of weathering were avoided. Forty-nine species are described, distributed in nine families and one species insertae sedis, of which five are recognised for the first time for the basin and the southeast Pacific area, and most of them are illustrated. Six biozones and numerous subzones are recognized on the surface and subsurface sections and correlate with biostratigraphic schemes of the Tethys region. These correspond to the Pliensbachian (Biozone NJT4) to the middle Aalenian - early Bajocian (Biozone NJT9). Three intervals of negative isotopic excursions accompanied by increases in organic matter content are identified. Applying the biostratigraphic framework, the first of these is considered to be the time-equivalent of the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (T-OAE). The other high-amplitude isotope excursions recorded in the middle Toarcian and in the Toarcian-Aalenian interval represent the first record of their kind for the Toarcian - Aalenian interval in the Neuquén Basin, and the second record for the southern hemisphere. The Pliensbachian calcareous nannofossil associations recognized in one of the sections are biogeographically related to those of the Tethys region. The Hispanic Corridor is identified as the pathway of calcareous nannofossil dispersal between the Pacific and Tethys oceans during the Early Jurassic, indicating its time of opening at least from the early Pliensbachian

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Zakine, Ruben. „Interactions médiées dans la matière molle et tension de surface des fluides actifs“. Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UNIP7080.

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Cette thèse aborde deux thématiques chères à la matière molle, à savoir, l’apparition d’interaction médiées par le milieu entre objets de taille nanométrique ou micrométrique, et la notion de tension de surface dans les systèmes hors de l’équilibre. La première partie de cette thèse est consacrée à l’étude de systèmes dans lesquelles les interactions entre particules sont médiées par un champ fluctuant. Nous étudions dans un premier temps un système hors d’équilibre et nous montrons que l’existence d’interactions médiées associées à l’activité des particules qui place le système hors de l’équilibre conduit à la formation de structures complexes. Nos prédictions s’appuient sur des méthodes de mécanique statistique mais surtout sur des méthodes de dynamique non-linéaire utilisées pour prédire l’apparition de motifs dans les systèmes dans lesquels il existe une quantité conservée. Le seconde étude de cette partie est dédiée à l’explication des interactions émergentes observées expérimentalement dans des systèmes de particules colloidales insérées dans des phases lamellaires lyotropiques. En partant de la description microscopique des interactions entre particules et couches de surfactants, nous calculons de façon exacte la force effective qui émerge entre particules seulement. Ces résultats analytiques sont ensuite utilisés pour distinguer et identifier, parmi deux types possibles d’interactions entre lamelles et particules, lequel est observé dans notre système expérimental à l’étude. La seconde partie de cette thèse s’attache à identifier la notion de tension de surface dans les fluides actifs. Nous parvenons à proposer une définition de la tension de surface qui relie les forces macroscopiques aux forces microscopiques existant entre particules, ou entre particules et un mur confinant. Lorsque le fluide actif est en contact avec un mur, la tension de surface solide-fluide est en général d’une nature plus complexe que celle que l’on peut définir pour son analogue d’équilibre. Par ceci, nous entendons que la valeur mesurée de la tension de surface peut dépendre de la géométrie ou d’autres détails de l’appareil de mesure utilisé. Nous montrerons également que des appareils de mesure correctement choisis permettent d’accéder à une tension de surface intrinsèque au matériau(et non plus à la géométrie), caractéristique d’une variable d’état d’équilibre. Les séparations de phases de type liquide-vapeur peuvent être également rencontrées dans les assemblées de particules auto-propulsées, lorsque celles-ci sont sujettes à une séparation de phase induite par la motilité. Nous montrons alors que la tension de surface associée à l’interface liquide-vapeur possède une définition mécanique cohérente avec avec son interprétation d’équilibre
This thesis focuses on two topics ubiquitous in soft matter: first, mediated interactions between nano-to-micrometer sized objects, second, surface tension in out-of-equilibrium systems. The first part of this thesis is devoted to the properties of a system of particles whose interactions are mediated by a fluctuating background. We start with a nonequilibrium study and we show that the combination of mediated interactions and of the nonequilibrium drive leads to complex structures. Our predictions, beyond statistical mechanical methods, rest on extending the methods of nonlinear dynamics in pattern forming systems, to systems with a local conservation law. The second study of this part is dedicated to an equilibrium experimental system of colloidal particles embedded in lyotropic lamellar phases. Relying on a bottom-up approach, we implement the details of the interaction between each colloidal particle and each lamella to come up with an exact description of the effective force emerging between colloids. These analytical results are then used to discriminate between two types of interaction, both being possibly encountered in experiments. The second part of this thesis focuses on the notion of surface tension for interfaces involving active fluids. We will come up with a definition relating macroscopic forces to microscopic ones, either between particles or, when applicable, between particles and a confining medium. When the active fluid is in contact with a solid boundary, the solid-fluid surface tension is, in general, a more complex quantity than its equilibrium counterpart. By this we mean that its value may depend on the geometry or other details of the measuring device. We will also show that a carefully designed probe allows us to access an equation-of-state-abiding surface tension akin to its equilibrium counterpart. Liquid-vapor interfaces can also be encountered in assemblies of self-propelled particles when these undergo a motility-induced phase separation. We show also that the surface tension associated to a liquid-vapor interface possesses a mechanical definition that echoes the equilibrium one

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Alves, Andressa Schneider. „Algoritmos para o encaixe de moldes com formato irregular em tecidos listrados“. reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/142744.

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Esta tese tem como objetivo principal a proposição de solução para o problema do encaixe de moldes em tecidos listrados da indústria do vestuário. Os moldes são peças com formato irregular que devem ser dispostos sobre a matéria-prima, neste caso o tecido, para a etapa posterior de corte. No problema específico do encaixe em tecidos listrados, o local em que os moldes são posicionados no tecido deve garantir que, após a confecção da peça, as listras apresentem continuidade. Assim, a fundamentação teórica do trabalho abrange temas relacionados à moda e ao design do vestuário, como os tipos e padronagens de tecidos listrados, e as possibilidades de rotação e colocação dos moldes sobre tecidos listrados. Na fundamentação teórica também são abordados temas da pesquisa em otimização combinatória como: características dos problemas bidimensionais de corte e encaixe e algoritmos utilizados por diversos autores para solucionar o problema. Ainda na parte final da fundamentação teórica são descritos o método Cadeia de Markov Monte Carlo e o algoritmo de Metropolis-Hastings. Com base na pesquisa bibliográfica, foram propostos dois algoritmos distintos para lidar com o problema de encaixe de moldes em tecidos listrados: algoritmo com pré-processamento e algoritmo de busca do melhor encaixe utilizando o algoritmo de Metropolis-Hastings. Ambos foram implementados no software Riscare Listrado, que é uma continuidade do software Riscare para tecidos lisos desenvolvido em Alves (2010). Para testar o desempenho dos dois algoritmos foram utilizados seis problemas benchmarks da literatura e proposto um novo problema denominado de camisa masculina. Os problemas benchmarks da literatura foram propostos para matéria-prima lisa e o problema camisa masculina especificamente para tecidos listrados. Entre os dois algoritmos desenvolvidos, o algoritmo de busca do melhor encaixe apresentou resultados com melhores eficiências de utilização do tecido para todos os problemas propostos. Quando comparado aos melhores resultados publicados na literatura para matéria-prima lisa, o algoritmo de busca do melhor encaixe apresentou encaixes com eficiências inferiores, porém com resultados superiores ao recomendado pela literatura específica da área de moda para tecidos estampados.
This thesis proposes the solution for the packing problem of patterns on striped fabric in clothing industry. The patterns are pieces with irregular form that should be placed on raw material which is, in this case, the fabric. This fabric is cut after packing. In the specific problem of packing on striped fabric, the position that patterns are put in the fabric should ensure that, after the clothing sewing, the stripes should present continuity. Thus, the theoretical foundation of this project includes subjects about fashion and clothing design, such as types and rapports of striped fabric, and the possibilities of rotation and the correct place to put the patterns on striped fabric. In the theoretical foundation, there are also subjects about research in combinatorial optimization as: characteristics about bi-dimensional packing and cutting problems and algorithms used for several authors to solve the problem. In addition, the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method and the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm are described at end of theoretical foundation. Based on the bibliographic research, two different algorithms for the packing problem with striped fabric are proposed: algorithm with pre-processing step and algorithm of searching the best packing using the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm. Both algorithms are implemented in the Striped Riscare software, which is a continuity of Riscare software for clear fabrics developed in the Masters degree of the author. Both algorithms performances are tested with six literature benchmark problems and a new problem called “male shirt” is proposed here. The benchmark problems of literature were iniatially proposed for clear raw material and the male shirt problem, specifically for striped fabrics. Between the two developed algorithms, the algorithm of searching the best packing has shown better results with better efficiencies of the fabric usage for all the problems tested. When compared to the best results published in the literature for clear raw material, the algorithm of searching the best packing has shown packings with lower efficiencies. However, it showed results higher than recommended for the specific literature of fashion design for patterned fabrics.

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Nase, Julia. „Décollement de matériaux viscoélastiques : du liquide visqueux au solide élastique“. Phd thesis, Paris 6, 2009. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005510.

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Dans le cadre de cette thèse expérimentale, nous étudions le décollement en géométrie de probe tack lors de la transition d'un liquide visqueux vers un solide élastique mou. Notre système modèle (du PDMS à différents degrés de réticulation) assure une transition continue entre ces classes de matériaux. Au début du décollement, une instabilité de digitation avec une longueur d'onde caractéristique apparaît. Pour une huile newtonienne nous expliquons le coarsening des structures par analyse de stabilité linéaire. Pour des propriétés du liquide jusqu'au solide, nous identifions des mécanismes volumiques ou interfaciaux et analysons quantitativement leur longueur d'onde initiale respective. Nous montrons que le mécanisme de décollement est déterminé par la viscoélasticité linéaire et des propriétés de surface. Au cas interfacial, nous expliquons la dépendance en vitesse de l'énergie d'adhésion par des propriétés volumiques et confirmons ainsi une loi empirique. En adaptant une technique 3D récente, nous visualisons in situ la ligne de contact entre le matériau viscoélastique et le substrat rigide, offrant ainsi un accès direct aux conditions aux limites.

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Suksut, Buncha [Verfasser], und Alois K. [Akademischer Betreuer] Schlarb. „Morphology and Morphology Formation of Injection Molded PP-based Nanocomposites / Buncha Suksut. Betreuer: Alois K. Schlarb“. Kaiserslautern : Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1112552820/34.

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Delvert, Alexandre. „Étude de la formation, du transport et de la destruction par vidange de bulles interfaciales“. Thesis, Rennes 1, 2020. https://ged.univ-rennes1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/62340f16-03da-4a74-a405-afba30b16427.

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Les bulles sont des objets du quotidien qui nous ont amusés étant enfant. Elles sont aussi une source d’inspiration pour les artistes et un outil pédagogique important pour introduire diverses notions de physique. Il n’est pas étonnant que ces objets soient à l’origine de recherches scientifiques depuis des siècles. Dans ce manuscrit, nous nous intéressons à la formation, au transport et à la destruction de bulles interfaciales c’est à dire des bulles en contact avec un solide ou une interface air-liquide. D’abord, nous présentons une expérience sur la formation de bulles interfaciales par impact, à vitesse constante, de films liquides sur la surface d’un bain du même liquide. L’air piégé entre la surface libre du bain et le film liquide conduit à la formation une bulle dont la taille augmente avec la vitesse d’impact. Nous montrons l’existence de deux régimes d’écoulements d’air qui contrôlent la formation de ces bulles : l’un régi par un mécanisme visco-capillaire à basse vitesse d’impact, l’autre, à haute vitesse d’impact, par une compétition entre inertie et capillarité. Nous présentons par la suite une étude sur la vidange d’une bulle interfaciale. Nous revisitons le problème classique de la vidange d’un réservoir en étudiant le cas d’un réservoir déformable, c’est à dire une bulle interfaciale posée sur une plaque percée d’un trou. La vidange est étudiée en fonction des paramètres clefs géométriques et physico-chimiques du problème. Nous montrons que le temps de vidange peut être compris en modélisant l’écoulement d’air qui s’échappe d’une bulle à l’aide du théorème de Bernoulli, et que le déplacement d’une bulle pendant la vidange est piloté par la capillarité et est limité par la friction agissant au pied de la bulle. Nous développons dans le dernier chapitre une méthode éducative pour mesurer la viscosité de l’air avec un matériel expérimental simple de nos vies quotidiennes : un smartphone, un entonnoir, un tube et de l’eau savonneuse. L’expérience consiste à étudier le déplacement spontané d’un film liquide mince dans un entonnoir. Nous montrons que cette expérience peut servir de viscosimètre à air dans des conditions pour lesquelles l’écoulement de l’air peut être décrit par l’équation de Poiseuille et le film liquide se déplace de façon quasi-statique
Bubbles are everyday-life fluid objects that amused us when we were children. Also, they are a source of the inspiration for artists and an important educational tool to introduce several notions of physics. Not surprisingly, these objects are at the origin of many scientific studies for centuries. In this manuscript, we are interested in the formation, travel and destruction of interfacial bubbles, i.e., bubbles in contact with a solid or an air-liquid interface. First, we present an experiment about the formation of interfacial bubbles by the impact, at constant velocity, of liquid films on the free surface of a liquid bath. The air trapped between the bath and the liquid film drives the formation of an interfacial bubble and its size increases with the impact velocity. We show the existence of two distinct regimes of the air flow : one of them is governed by a visco-capillary mechanism at low impact velocity, the other, at high impact velocity, is driven by a competition between inertia and capillarity. Thereafter, we present a study about shrinking surface soap bubbles. We revisit the classical problem of the draining of a tank studying the case of a deformable tank, i.e. , an interfacial bubble sitting on a plate drilled with a circular orifice. Shrinking is studied as functions of key setting geometric and physicochemical parameters of the problem. We show the shrinking time can be understood with a model for the air flow based on Bernoulli’s principle, and a motion of a bubble during the shrinking that is driven by capillarity and is limited by the friction acting on its foot. We develop in the last chapter an educative method to measure the air viscosity with simple experimental equipment regularly used in our everyday life : a smartphone, a funnel, a pipe and soap solution. The experiment consists of studying the spontaneous motion of a thin liquid film in a funnel. We show this experiment can be used as a viscosimeter for gases (air in our experiments) with the conditions make the air flow describable by the Poiseuille’s equation and the liquid film moves quasi-statically

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Huumonen, S. (Sisko). „The effect of impaired dentin formation on dental caries:an experimental study in the molars of growing rats“. Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 1999. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514252020.

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Abstract The effects of dietary sucrose and systemic glucocorticoid treatment on the response of the pulpodentinal complex to dental caries were examined in an experimental rat model. The possible role of dentinal caries on dentin formation was also examined. After 5-6 weeks of a dietary and/or medication period, the areas of dentin formation and dentinal caries were quantified in the molars of growing animals. Also the number and severity of caries lesions were estimated. The 43% sucrose diet significantly reduced dentin formation and increased dentinal caries progression. Although glucocorticoid medication alone reduced dentin formation, without dietary sucrose it did not have an effect on caries. In combination of these two, glucocorticoids further increased the progression of dentinal caries, however without significant increase in the number of caries lesions. The cariogenic bacterial inoculation of rats fed a sucrose or control diet increased the progression of dentinal caries. The relationship between cariogenic bacteria and caries was not strong, but there was a stronger relationship between the total amount of dietary sucrose and dentinal caries. In addition to the overall reduction of dentin formation there was no difference in the amount of dentin formed between intact and carious fissures in the sucrose diet group. On the contrary, rats receiving the control diet positively responded to the dentinal caries by increasing dentin formation to prevent pulpal exposure. Whereas the high sucrose diet impaired both the deposition and mineralization of the dentin matrix, glucocorticoids affected matrix formation only. These results indicate that the functional alterations in the pulpo-dentinal complex might contribute to dentinal caries progression in a cariogenic environment, irrespective of the causative mechanism.

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Moller, Tobias Franz [Verfasser], und Hartmut [Akademischer Betreuer] Schulz. „Formation and paleoclimatic interpretation of a continuously laminated sapropel S5 : a window to the climate variability during the Eemian interglacial in the Eastern Mediterranean / Tobias Franz Moller ; Betreuer: Hartmut Schulz“. Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1162700009/34.

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Moller, Tobias [Verfasser], und Hartmut [Akademischer Betreuer] Schulz. „Formation and paleoclimatic interpretation of a continuously laminated sapropel S5 : a window to the climate variability during the Eemian interglacial in the Eastern Mediterranean / Tobias Franz Moller ; Betreuer: Hartmut Schulz“. Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1162700009/34.

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Yarra, Tejaswi. „Transcriptional profiling of shell calcification in bivalves“. Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31408.

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Mollusc shells are unique adaptations that serve to protect the organisms that make them, and are a defining feature of the phylum. However the molecular underpinnings of shell forming processes are still largely unexplored. To further understand mollusc shell formation, I studied three bivalve species in this project: the blue mussel Mytilus edulis, the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, and the king scallop Pecten maximus. While previous analyses of the shell proteomes showed species specificity, transcriptomes of the mantle tissues revealed more commonalities. To reconcile these differences, I studied differential gene expression in shell damage-repair experiments and during the formation of the first larval shell, to produce a comprehensive overview of shell formation processes. Expression data showed large biological variability between individuals, requiring matched-pair experimental designs to detect differential gene expression during shell repair. Loci differentially expressed during shell repair and in the larvae encoded shell matrix proteins, transmembrane transporters, and novel transcripts. A large number of shell matrix proteins, encoded in differentially expressed loci, were common in all three species during shell formation, indicating that shell forming proteins between different species may be more common than previously thought. Differential expression of transmembrane transporters during shell repair indicated that the animals may be regulating bicarbonate ions during shell formation. Finally, the experiments revealed novel transcripts, with unknown annotations to public datasets, that may putatively be involved in shell formation.

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Mehr Quellen

Bücher zum Thema "Formation Los Molles"

Benacchio, Rosanna. Studi slavistici tra linguistica, dialettologia e filologia. Herausgegeben von Monica Fin, Malinka Pila, Donatella Possamai, Luisa Ruvoletto, Svetlana Slavkova und Han Steenwijk. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-568-4.

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The volume contains a selection of some of the most representative works from Rosanna Benacchio’s extensive scientific production. It is divided into three parts, the first one being dedicated to the category of verbal aspect in the Slavic languages. The second part deals with Slavic minority varieties spoken in Italy, in particular the Slovene dialects of Friuli and Molise Slavic. The third part focuses on three linguistic phenomena that are analysed from a diachronic perspective: the referential usage of the personal pronoun Vy in the Petrine era; the use of clitic pronouns in the Slavic languages; the formation of the definite article in the Slovene area based on the evidence of the Resian Catechism of the 18th century.

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Strömdahl, Helge. On "mole" and "amount of substance": A study of the dynamics of concept formation and concept attainment. Göteborg, Sweden: Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, 1996.

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Helderman, Ira. Prescribing the Dharma. University of North Carolina Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469648521.001.0001.

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Interest in the psychotherapeutic capacity of Buddhist teachings and practices is widely evident in the popular imagination. News media routinely report on the neuropsychological study of Buddhist meditation and applications of mindfulness practices in settings including corporate offices, the U.S. military, and university health centers. However, as Ira Helderman shows, curious investigators have studied the psychological dimensions of Buddhist doctrine for well over a century, stretching back to William James and Carl Jung. These activities have shaped both the mental health field and Buddhist practice throughout the United States. This is the first comprehensive study of the surprisingly diverse ways that psychotherapists have related to Buddhist traditions. Through extensive fieldwork and in-depth interviews with clinicians, many of whom have been formative to the therapeutic use of Buddhist practices, Helderman gives voice to the psychotherapists themselves. He focuses on how they understand key categories such as religion and science. Some are invested in maintaining a hard border between religion and psychotherapy as a biomedical discipline. Others speak of a religious-secular binary that they mean to disrupt. Helderman finds that psychotherapists’ approaches to Buddhist traditions are molded by how they define what is and is not religious, demonstrating how central these concepts are in contemporary American culture.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Formation Los Molles"

Volkovich, V. A., A. B. Ivanov, S. M. Yakimov, I. B. Polovov, B. D. Vasin, A. V. Chukin, A. K. Schtolts und T. R. Griffiths. „Formation of Rare Earth Phosphates in NaCl-2CsCl-Based Melts“. In Molten Salts Chemistry and Technology, 481–88. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118448847.ch6j.

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Chen, Liugang, Muxing Guo, Shuigen Huang, Peter Tom Jones, Bart Blanpain und Annelies Malfliet. „Freeze-Lining Formation from Fayalite-Based Slags“. In Advances in Molten Slags, Fluxes, and Salts, 245–51. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119333197.ch26.

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Thonstad, J., und E. Sandnes. „Formation of CO2 and CO on Carbon Anodes in Molten Salts“. In Molten Salts Chemistry and Technology, 1–8. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118448847.ch1a.

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Holappa, Lauri, und Yilmaz Kaçar. „Slag Formation - Thermodynamic and Kinetic Aspects and Mechanisms“. In Advances in Molten Slags, Fluxes, and Salts, 1017–24. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119333197.ch108.

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Urata, Kentaro, und Yoshinao Kobayashi. „Formation of Copper Sulfide Precipitate in Solid Iron“. In Advances in Molten Slags, Fluxes, and Salts, 1229–36. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119333197.ch132.

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De Córdoba, G., und C. Caravaca. „Study of Sm-Al Alloy Formation in the Molten LiCl-KCl Eutectic“. In Molten Salts and Ionic Liquids, 63–74. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470947777.ch5.

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Chen, Liugang, Muxing Guo, Shuigen Huang, Peter Tom Jones, Bart Blanpain und Annelies Malfliet. „Freeze-Lining Formation from Fayalite-Based Slags“. In Advances in Molten Slags, Fluxes, and Salts: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Molten Slags, Fluxes and Salts 2016, 245–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48769-4_26.

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Uehara, A., O. Shirai, T. Fujii, T. Nagai, N. Sato und H. Yamana. „Formation of Uranium Fluoride Complex by Addition of Fluoride Ion to Molten NaCl-CsCl Melts“. In Molten Salts Chemistry and Technology, 421–26. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118448847.ch6d.

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Holappa, Lauri, und Yilmaz Kaçar. „Slag Formation — Thermodynamic and Kinetic Aspects and Mechanisms“. In Advances in Molten Slags, Fluxes, and Salts: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Molten Slags, Fluxes and Salts 2016, 1017–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48769-4_108.

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Urata, Kentaro, und Yoshinao Kobayashi. „Formation of Copper Sulfide Precipitate in Solid Iron“. In Advances in Molten Slags, Fluxes, and Salts: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Molten Slags, Fluxes and Salts 2016, 1229–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48769-4_132.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Formation Los Molles"

Stinco, Luis P. „Wireline Logs and Core Data Integration in Los Molles Formation, Neuquen Basin, Argentina“. In Latin American & Caribbean Petroleum Engineering Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/107774-ms.

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Pereira, Martin. „Sedimentological Characterization of Submarine Canyons and Channel Complexes in Los Molles Formation, Neuquén Basin, Argentina“. In 2019 AAPG International Conference and Exhibition. Tulsa, OK, USA: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/11337pereira2020.

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Privat, Aurélia, David Hodgson, Jeffrey Peakall, Christopher A.-L. Jackson und Ernesto Schwarz. „Sedimentology and architecture of early post-rift submarine lobe deposits; the Los Molles formation, Neuquén basin, Argentina“. In International Conference and Exhibition, Barcelona, Spain, 3-6 April 2016. Society of Exploration Geophysicists and American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/ice2016-6531008.1.

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Mosquera, Alfonso, Alan S. Buchanan, Ricardo Veiga, Alejandra Galan, Sebastian Olmos, Ailin Lopasso und Hector J. Villar. „Vaca Muerta – Los Molles Multiple Formation Landing Zone Sweetspots, an Emerging Frontier Play for Unconventional Shale Exploration. Puesto Parada (Vaca Muerta)-Punta Senillosa (Los Molles) Discoveries Case Study, Southern Neuquen Basin“. In 2023 Latin America Unconventional Resources Technology Conference. Tulsa, OK, USA: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15530/urtec-2023-3971660.

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Iyer, Natraj, und Karthik Ramani. „Analysis of Sink Marks for Plastic Parts Molded in Steel and Aluminum Alloy Molds“. In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-1224.

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Abstract Recently developed aluminum alloys show significant potential as injection mold materials for their ability to cool plastic parts faster than steel. These alloys maintain more uniform mold temperatures that can have significant effects in reducing post-molding shrinkage. Commercially available software can be used to predict the global shrinkage in a part. However, none of the currently available software predicts localized sink mark formation. In the present work, temperature and pressure histories from a three-dimensional molding analysis using C-Mold™ are used to determine the initial conditions for a sequentially coupled thermal and structural finite element analysis using ANSYS™. The thermal conductivity, density and specific heat of the polymer are input as temperature dependent properties. The polymer is modeled as a temperature dependent elastic material. Correlations made between numerical and experimental data for sink mark depths in parts molded in P-20 steel and QE-7™ aluminum alloy molds validate the use of the sink mark simulation method. Numerical comparison of sink mark depths for parts molded in aluminum alloy and steel molds show that aluminum alloys reduce sink mark depths in molded parts.

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Hamidi, Youssef K., Levent Aktas und M. Cengiz Altan. „Formation of Microscopic Voids in Resin Transfer Molded Composites“. In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-43837.

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Performance of composite materials usually suffers from process-induced defects such as dry spots or microscopic voids. While effects of void content in molded composites have been studied extensively, knowledge of void morphology and spatial distribution of voids in composites manufactured by resin transfer molding (RTM) remains limited. In this study, through-the-thickness void distribution for a disk-shaped, E-glass/epoxy composite part manufactured by resin transfer molding is investigated. Microscopic image analysis is conducted through-the-thickness of a radial sample obtained from the molded composite disk. Voids are primarily found to concentrate within or adjacent to the fiber preforms. More than 93% of the voids are observed within the preform or in a so-called transition zone, next to a fibrous region. In addition, viod content was found to fluctuate through-the-thickness of the composite. Variation up to 17% of the average viod content of 2.15% is observed through-the-thicknesses of the eight layers studied. Microscopic analysis revealed that average size of voids near the mold surfaces is slightly larger than those located at the interior of the composite. In addition, average size of voids that are located within the fiber preform is observed to be smaller than those located in other regions of the composite. Finally, proximity to the surface is found to have no apparent effect on shape of voids within the composite.

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Olariu, Cornel, Ron Steel, Nataleigh K. Vann, Rene Winter, Eugen P. . Tudor und Moonsoo Shin. „RECOGNITION OF CLINOFORMS IN OUTCROPS; ILLUSTRATED FROM JURASSIC LAS LAJAS – LOS MOLLES FORMATIONS, SOTHERN NEUQUEN BASIN, ARGENTINA“. In GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-287409.

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Tanimoto, Ryu, Takuya Tezuka, Susumu Hasegawa, Hisashi Nakamura und Kaoru Maruta. „Soot and PAH Formation Characteristics in a Micro Flow Reactor With a Controlled Temperature Profile“. In ASME/JSME 2011 8th Thermal Engineering Joint Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajtec2011-44454.

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To examine soot and PAH formation processes for rich methane/air and acetylene/air mixtures, a micro flow reactor with a controlled temperature profile was employed. In the experiment for a methane/air mixture, four kinds of responses to the variations of flow velocity and equivalence ratio were observed as follows: soot formation without a flame; a flame with soot formation; a flame without soot formation; and neither flame nor soot formation. Soot formations were observed in low flow velocity and high equivalence ratio. Starting point of soot formation shifted to the upstream side, i.e., low-temperature side, of the micro flow reactor with the decrease of flow velocity. One-dimensional steady-state computation was conducted by a flame code. In high flow velocity, low mole fraction of C2H2 and high mole fraction of OH were observed in the whole region of the micro flow reactor. Soot volume fraction did not increase in this case. On the other hand, in low flow velocity, high mole fraction of C2H2 and low mole fraction of OH were observed at the downstream side of the micro flow reactor. Soot volume fraction increased in this case. Since significant soot formation was observed at the low flow velocity and the high equivalence ratio, experiments with gas sampling were conducted for acetylene/air mixture to investigate temperature and equivalence ratio dependence of soot precursor production in such condition. Volume fractions of benzene increased with an increase of temperature. They were larger at higher equivalence ratio at the same temperature. Volume fractions of styrene increased with an increase of temperature. They were larger at higher equivalence ratio when the temperature is less than 1000 K. However the tendency was changed at 1000 K, styrene volume fraction at equivalence ratio of 7.0 was larger than that at equivalence ratio of 8.0.

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Hussong, B., J. Pfeiffer, B. Lehmert, L. Wojarski und W. Tillmann. „Comparative Investigation of Standard WC-Co and a New WC-FeCrAl Feedstock Powder“. In ITSC2013, herausgegeben von R. S. Lima, A. Agarwal, M. M. Hyland, Y. C. Lau, G. Mauer, A. McDonald und F. L. Toma. ASM International, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2013p0008.

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Abstract This study investigates the HVOF spraying characteristics of a new WC-FeCrAl powder as compared to a standard WC-Co feedstock. Significantly higher particle temperatures were recorded for the WC-FeCrAl powder during spraying, presumably an effect of phase reactions during particle dwell time in the jet. XRD graphs revealed W2C and δ-Fe2O3 formations. Gibbs free energy calculations propose that energy is being released during the formation of these phases. Comparable correlations between in-flight particle measurements and splat morphologies were found for both powders. Coating hardness was also found to be comparable, although porosity was significantly lower in the WC-FeCrAl samples. This is attributed to the smaller carbide grain size of the new powder, which might help explain the lower viscosity of the molten particles at impact. A response surface analysis of XRD measurements indicates that W2C formation occurs in the spray jet, and it is assumed that δ-Fe2O3 formation occurs on the surface of the substrate after particle deposition.

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Dhiman, Rajeev, und Sanjeev Chandra. „Interactions Between Molten Metal Splats Landing on a Substrate during Coating Formation“. In ITSC2004, herausgegeben von Basil R. Marple und Christian Moreau. ASM International, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2004p0632.

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Abstract Interactions between multiple splats landing on a substrate was studied experimentally by photographing deformations of droplets as they land and freeze on the substrate, or previously solidified splats. Uniform-size molten tin droplets (550 µm diameter) were produced using a drop-on-demand generator. To achieve high impact velocities the stainless steel coupons used as substrates were mounted on the rim of a rotating flywheel and heated using cartridge heaters to vary substrate temperature. To hit a falling droplet with the substrate and photograph its impact, a timing circuit was used to synchronize the ejection of a droplet, triggering of the camera and a flash to provide illumination. The substrate temperature and substrate roughness significantly affected splat impact dynamics. Droplets hitting a smooth cold substrate splashed extensively whereas those hitting a hot substrate spread in the form of a smooth disc. The final splat shapes were dependent on the offset distance between the impacting droplet and the previously solidified splat. The size of fingers around the splat edge increased with the offset distance. Large pieces of metal detached from the droplet rim when the droplet hit a rough substrate whereas droplets hitting previously solidified splats splashed in a star-like shape with extremely long fingers.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Formation Los Molles"

Park, R. J., S. J. Lee und S. K. Sim. Crust formation and its effect on the molten pool coolability. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/115067.

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Fyles, J. G., L. Marincovich und J. V. Matthews. Unique Mollusc Find in the Beaufort Formation [Pliocene] On Meighen Island, Arctic Canada. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/132552.

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Wilson. PR-239-9525-E01 Integrated Test Plan. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), Januar 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011046.

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In order to understand and eventually control formaldehyde emissions, it is necessary to investigate formaldehyde formation mechanisms and evaluate the applicability of these mechanisms to industrial gas engines. An extensive literature review was conducted to identify possible formaldehyde formation mechanisms, factors that favor these chemical mechanisms, and the relationships between various engine operating conditions and engine-out formaldehyde emissions. The literature review provided the following information on formaldehyde emissions: Formation and subsequent destruction of formaldehyde are necessary intermediate steps in the complete combustion of natural gas; Regions within the combustion chamber processed by propagating flames are not likely sources of formaldehyde; Identification of a distinct 'temperature window' where net formaldehyde formation occurs, provided that adequate oxygen and unburned hydrocarbons are present; Above the 'temperature window' formaldehyde is quickly destroyed, and below it formaldehyde mole fractions are frozen; and Emissions of formaldehyde from natural gas fired engines require that partial combustion, to some degree, take place in the cylinder. This finding is supported by results of equilibrium calculations of natural gas combustion product composition, which do not predict significant levels of formaldehyde. A number of publications have been produced from the integrated test plan body of work. Those publications include reports on the formaldehyde literature review, humidity test program, and the high pressure injection project and technical papers on formaldehyde literature review, high pressure injection, the tracer gas method, in-cylinder sampling, and humidity investigations. The work described in the humidity and high pressure injection reports is not covered in detail in this document. However, the results are discussed as needed to support data interpretation and conclusions. Includes a literature review of mixing and humidity effects as well as a spreadsheet of the test data.

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Ningthoujam, J., J. K. Clark, T. R. Carter und H. A. J. Russell. Investigating borehole-density, sonic, and neutron logs for mapping regional porosity variation in the Silurian Lockport Group and Salina Group A-1 Carbonate Unit, Ontario. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/332336.

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The Oil, Gas and Salt Resources Library (OGSRL) is a repository for data from wells licenced under the Oil, Gas and Salt Resources Act for Ontario. It has approximately 50,000 porosity and permeability drill core analyses on bedrock cores. It also has in analogue format, geophysical logs (e.g., gamma ray, gamma-gamma density, neutron, sonic) from approximately 20,000 wells. A significant challenge for geotechnical and hydrogeological studies of the region is the accessibility of digital data on porosity and permeability. Recent work completed on approximately 12,000 core analyses for the Silurian Lockport Group and Salina Group A-1 Carbonate Unit are geographically concentrated within productive oil and gas pools. An opportunity therefore exists to expand the bedrock porosity characterization for southern Ontario by using geophysical logs collected in open-hole bedrock wells that are more geographically dispersed. As part of this study, hard copy files of analog geophysical logs are converted to digital data (LAS format), followed by quality assessment and quality control (QAQC) to obtain meaningful results. From the digitized geophysical data, density, neutron, and sonic logs are selected to mathematically derive porosity values that are then compared with the corresponding measured core porosity values for the same depth interval to determine the reliability of the respective log types. In this study, a strong positive correlation (R²=0.589) is observed between porosity computed from a density log (density log porosity) and the corresponding core porosity. Conversely, sonic log porosity and neutron porosity show weak (R2 = 0.1738) and very weak (R2 = 0.0574) positive correlation with the corresponding core porosity data. This finding can be attributed to different factors (e.g., the condition of the borehole walls and fluids, the type and limitations of the technology at different points in time, knowledge of formation variability for calculations), and as such requires more investigation. The density log measures the bulk density of the formation (solid and fluid phases), and as such the derived porosity values indicate total porosity i.e., interparticle (primary) pore spaces, and vugs and fractures (secondary) pore spaces. The sonic log measures the interval transit time of a compressional soundwave travelling through the formation. High quality first arrival waveforms usually correspond to a route in the borehole wall free of fractures and vugs, which ultimately result in the derived porosity reflecting only primary porosity. As molds, vugs and fractures contribute significantly to the total porosity of the Lockport Group and Salina A-1 Carbonate strata, sonic porosity may not reflect true bulk formation porosity. The neutron porosity log measures the hydrogen index in a formation as a proxy for porosity, however, the current limitations of neutron logging tool fail to account for formation-related complexities including: the gas effect, the chloride effect and the shale effect that can lead to over- or underestimation of formation porosity. As a result, the density log appears to be the most reliable geophysical log in the OGSRL archives for total porosity estimation in the Lockport Group and Salina A-1 Carbonate Unit. Nonetheless, sonic porosity can be combined with density porosity to determine secondary porosity, whereas a combination of density and neutron porosity logs can be used to identify gas-bearing zones.

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Evaluation of a zirconium additive for the mitigation of molten ash formation during combustion of residual fuel oil. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Dezember 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/574280.

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