Thematische Bibliographien / Forest automata

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Forest automata“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 28. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 1. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Forest automata"

Holik, Lukas. „Shape Analysis Based on Forest Automata“. Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical Computer Science 73 (11.11.2011): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4204/eptcs.73.3.

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Zeng, Hongcheng, Timo Pukkala, Heli Peltola und Seppo Kellomäki. „Optimization of irregular-grid cellular automata and application in risk management of wind damage in forest planning“. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 40, Nr. 6 (Juni 2010): 1064–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x10-052.

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This study demonstrated how cellular automata, using irregular grids, can be used to minimize the risk of wind damage in forest management planning. The development of a forest in central Finland was simulated for a 30-year period with three subplanning periods. A forest growth and yield model in association with a mechanistic wind damage model was applied to simulate forest growth and to calculate the length of stand edges at risk. Irregular cellular automata were utilized to optimize the harvest schedules for reducing the risk and maintaining a sustainable harvest level. The cellular automata produced rational results, i.e., new clearcuts were often placed next to open gaps, thereby, reducing the amount of vulnerable stand edges. The algorithms of the cellular automata rapidly converged and optimized the harvest schedules in an efficient way, especially when risk minimization was the only objective. In a planning problem that included even-flow timber harvesting objectives (harvest level equal to the total timber growth), the targets were almost achieved. Although the cellular automaton had slightly larger deviations of harvesting from the targets compared with other tested heuristic approaches (simulated annealing, tabu search, and genetic algorithms), it had the best performance when minimizing the expected wind damage.

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Malhi, Ramandeep Kaur M., Akash Anand, Prashant K. Srivastava, G. Sandhya Kiran, George P. Petropoulos und Christos Chalkias. „An Integrated Spatiotemporal Pattern Analysis Model to Assess and Predict the Degradation of Protected Forest Areas“. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, Nr. 9 (02.09.2020): 530. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9090530.

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Forest degradation is considered to be one of the major threats to forests over the globe, which has considerably increased in recent decades. Forests are gradually getting fragmented and facing biodiversity losses because of climate change and anthropogenic activities. Future prediction of forest degradation spatiotemporal dynamics and fragmentation is imperative for generating a framework that can aid in prioritizing forest conservation and sustainable management practices. In this study, a random forest algorithm was developed and applied to a series of Landsat images of 1998, 2008, and 2018, to delineate spatiotemporal forest cover status in the sanctuary, along with the predictive model viz. the Cellular Automata Markov Chain for simulating a 2028 forest cover scenario in Shoolpaneshwar Wildlife Sanctuary (SWS), Gujarat, India. The model’s predicting ability was assessed using a series of accuracy indices. Moreover, spatial pattern analysis—with the use of FRAGSTATS 4.2 software—was applied to the generated and predicted forest cover classes, to determine forest fragmentation in SWS. Change detection analysis showed an overall decrease in dense forest and a subsequent increase in the open and degraded forests. Several fragmentation metrics were quantified at patch, class, and landscape level, which showed trends reflecting a decrease in fragmentation in forest areas of SWS for the period 1998 to 2028. The improvement in SWS can be attributed to the enhanced forest management activities led by the government, for the protection and conservation of the sanctuary. To our knowledge, the present study is one of the few focusing on exploring and demonstrating the added value of the synergistic use of the Cellular Automata Markov Chain Model Coupled with Fragmentation Statistics in forest degradation analysis and prediction.

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Mathey, Anne-Hélène, Emina Krcmar, David Tait, Ilan Vertinsky und John Innes. „Forest planning using co-evolutionary cellular automata“. Forest Ecology and Management 239, Nr. 1-3 (Februar 2007): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2006.11.007.

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Habermehl, Peter, Lukáš Holík, Adam Rogalewicz, Jiří Šimáček und Tomáš Vojnar. „Forest automata for verification of heap manipulation“. Formal Methods in System Design 41, Nr. 1 (11.04.2012): 83–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10703-012-0150-8.

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Hernández Encinas, A., L. Hernández Encinas, S. Hoya White, A. Martín del Rey und G. Rodríguez Sánchez. „Simulation of forest fire fronts using cellular automata“. Advances in Engineering Software 38, Nr. 6 (Juni 2007): 372–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advengsoft.2006.09.002.

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Hernández Encinas, L., S. Hoya White, A. Martín del Rey und G. Rodríguez Sánchez. „Modelling forest fire spread using hexagonal cellular automata“. Applied Mathematical Modelling 31, Nr. 6 (Juni 2007): 1213–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2006.04.001.

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Savargiv, Mohammad, Behrooz Masoumi und Mohammad Reza Keyvanpour. „A New Random Forest Algorithm Based on Learning Automata“. Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2021 (27.03.2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5572781.

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The goal of aggregating the base classifiers is to achieve an aggregated classifier that has a higher resolution than individual classifiers. Random forest is one of the types of ensemble learning methods that have been considered more than other ensemble learning methods due to its simple structure, ease of understanding, as well as higher efficiency than similar methods. The ability and efficiency of classical methods are always influenced by the data. The capabilities of independence from the data domain, and the ability to adapt to problem space conditions, are the most challenging issues about the different types of classifiers. In this paper, a method based on learning automata is presented, through which the adaptive capabilities of the problem space, as well as the independence of the data domain, are added to the random forest to increase its efficiency. Using the idea of reinforcement learning in the random forest has made it possible to address issues with data that have a dynamic behaviour. Dynamic behaviour refers to the variability in the behaviour of a data sample in different domains. Therefore, to evaluate the proposed method, and to create an environment with dynamic behaviour, different domains of data have been considered. In the proposed method, the idea is added to the random forest using learning automata. The reason for this choice is the simple structure of the learning automata and the compatibility of the learning automata with the problem space. The evaluation results confirm the improvement of random forest efficiency.

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Bhakti, H. D., H. Ibrahim, F. Fristella und M. Faisal. „Fire spread simulation using cellular automata in forest fire“. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 821 (29.05.2020): 012037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/821/1/012037.

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Cannas, Sergio A., Sergio A. Páez und Diana E. Marco. „Modeling plant spread in forest ecology using cellular automata“. Computer Physics Communications 121-122 (September 1999): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-4655(99)00297-0.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Forest automata"

Killough, Brian D. „A semi-empirical cellular automata model for wildfire monitoring from a geosynchronous space platform“. W&M ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623419.

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The environmental and human impacts of wildfires have grown considerably in recent years due to an increase in their frequency and coverage. Effective wildfire management and suppression requires real-time data to locate fire fronts, model their propagation and assess the impact of biomass burning. Existing empirical wildfire models are based on fuel properties and meteorological data with inadequate spatial or temporal sampling. A geosynchronous space platform with the proposed set of high resolution infrared detectors provides a unique capability to monitor fires at improved spatial and temporal resolutions. The proposed system is feasible with state-of-the-art hardware and software for high sensitivity fire detection at saturation levels exceeding active flame temperatures. Ground resolutions of 100 meters per pixel can be achieved with repeat cycles less than one minute. Atmospheric transmission in the presence of clouds and smoke is considered. Modeling results suggest fire detection is possible through thin clouds and smoke. A semi-empirical cellular automata model based on theoretical elliptical spread shapes is introduced to predict wildfire propagation using detected fire front location and spread rate. Model accuracy compares favorably with real fire events and correlates within 2% of theoretical ellipse shapes. This propagation modeling approach could replace existing operational systems based on complex partial differential equations. The baseline geosynchronous fire detection system supplemented with a discrete-based propagation model has the potential to save lives and property in the otherwise uncertain and complex field of fire management.

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Moriarty, Kaleen S. „Automated image-to-image rectification for use in change detection analysis as applied to forest clearcut mapping /“. Online version of thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11738.

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Hamadeh, Nizar. „Le développement de la loi de diffusion des incendies en modélisant le niveau de danger et son évolution dans le temps. : comparaison avec des données expérimentales dans les forêts libanaises“. Thesis, Angers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ANGE0060/document.

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Les incendies de forêt sont l'un des phénomènes les plus complexes auxquels sont confrontées nos sociétés. Le Liban, faisant partie du Moyen-Orient, est en train de perdre dramatiquement ses forêts vertes principalement en raison de graves incendies. Cette thèse étudie le phénomène des incendies de forêt. Elle propose des nouveaux modèles et méthodologies pour remédier à la crise des incendies de forêts, en particulier au Liban et en Méditerranée. Elle est divisée en deux parties principales: nouvelles approches de la prévision des incendies de forêt et développement d'un nouveau modèle de diffusion du feu plus fidèle du cas réel. La première partie est subdivisée en 3 chapitres. Le premier chapitre présente une étude analytique des modèles métrologiques les plus utilisés qui permettent de prédire les incendies de forêt. Dans le deuxième chapitre, nous appliquons cinq méthodes de techniques d’exploration de données: Réseaux de neurones, arbre de décision, floue logique, analyse discriminante linéaire et méthode SVM. Nous cherchons à trouver la technique la plus précise pour la prévision des incendies de forêt. Dans le troisième chapitre, nous utilisons différentes techniques d'analyse de données corrélatives (Régression, Pearson, Spearman et Kendall-tau) pour évaluer la corrélation entre l'occurrence d'incendie et les données météorologiques (température, point de rosée, température du sol, humidité, précipitation et vitesse du vent). Cela permet de trouver les paramètres les plus influents qui influencent l'occurrence de l’incendie, ce qui nous amène à développer un nouveau Indice Libanais de Risques d'Incendie (IL). L'indice proposé est ensuite validé à partir des données météorologiques pour les années 2015-2016. La deuxième partie est subdivisée en 3 chapitres. Le premier chapitre passe en revue les caractéristiques du comportement de feu et sa morphologie; il se concentre sur la validité des modèles mathématique et informatique de comportement de feu. Le deuxième chapitre montre l'importance des automates cellulaires, en expliquant les principaux types et examine certaines applications dans différents domaines. Dans le troisième chapitre, nous utilisons des automates cellulaires pour élaborer un nouveau modèle de comportement pour prédire la propagation de l’incendie, sur des bases elliptiques, dans des paysages homogènes et hétérogènes. La méthodologie proposée intègre les paramètres de la vitesse du vent, du carburant et de la topographie. Notre modèle développé est ensuite utilisé pour simuler les incendies de forêt qui ont balayé la forêt du village d'Aandqet, au nord du Liban. Les résultats de simulation obtenus sont comparés avec les résultats rapportés de l'incident réel et avec des simulations qu'on a iv effectuées sur le modèle de Karafyllidis et le modèle de Karafyllidis modifié par Gazmeh. Ces comparaisons ont prouvé l'ambiguë du modèle proposé. Dans cette thèse, la crise des feux de forêt a été étudiée et de nouveaux modèles ont été développés dans les deux phases: pré-feu et post-feu. Ces modèles peuvent être utilisés comme outils préventifs efficaces dans la gestion des incendies de forêt
Wildland fires are one of the most complex phenomena facing our societies. Lebanon, a part of Middle East, is losing its green forests dramatically mainly due to severe fires. This dissertation studies the phenomenon of forest fires. It proposes new models and methodologies to tackle the crisis of forest fires particularly in Lebanon and Mediterranean. It is divided into two main parts: New Approaches in Forest Fire Prediction and Forest Fire modeling. The first part is sub-divided into 3 chapters. First chapter presents an analytical study of the most widely used metrological models that can predict forest fires. In the second chapter we apply five data mining techniques methods: Neural Networks, Decision Tree, Fuzzy Logic, Linear Discriminate Analysis and Support Vector Machine. We aim to find the most accurate technique in forecasting forest fires. In the third chapter, we use different correlative data analysis techniques (Regression, Pearson, Spearman and Kendall-tau) to evaluate the correlation between fire occurrence and meteorological data (Temperature, Dew point, Soil temperature, Humidity, Precipitation and Wind speed). This allows to find the most influential parameters that affect the occurrence of fire, which lead us to develop a new Lebanese fire danger Index (LI). The proposed index is then validated using meteorological data for the years 2015-2016. The second part is sub-divided into 3 chapters. The first chapter reviews the fire behavior characteristics and its morphology; and focuses on the validity of mathematical and computer fire behavior models. The second chapter manifests the importance of cellular automata, explains the main types of cellular automata and reviews some applications in various domains. In the third chapter, we use cellular automata to develop a new behavior model for predicting the spread of fire, on elliptical basis, in both homogeneous and heterogeneous landscapes .The proposed methodology incorporates the parameters of wind speed, fuel and topography. The developed model is then used to simulate the wildfire that swept through the forest of Aandqet village, North Lebanon. Obtained simulation results are compared with reported results of the real incident and with simulations done on Karafyllidis model and Gazmeh-Modified Karafyllidis model. These comparisons have proven the outperformance of the proposed model. In this dissertation, the crisis of forest fires has been studied and new models have been developed in both phases: pre-fire and post-fire. These models can be used as efficient preventive tools in forest fire management

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Clark, James Joseph. „Multi-resolution stereo vision with application to the automated measurement of logs“. Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25582.

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A serial multi-resolution stereo matching algorithm is presented that is based on the Marr-Poggio matcher (Marr and Poggio, 1979). It is shown that the Marr-Poggio feature disambiguation and in-range/out-of-range mechanisms are unreliable for non-constant disparity functions. It is proposed that a disparity function estimate reconstructed from the disparity samples at the lower resolution levels be used to disambiguate possible matches at the high resolutions. Also presented is a disparity scanning algorithm with a similar control structure, which is based on an algorithm recently proposed by Grimson (1985). It is seen that the proposed algorithms will function reliably only if the disparity measurements are accurate and if the reconstruction process is accurate. The various sources of errors in the matching are analyzed in detail. Witkin's (Witkin, 1983) scale space is used as an analytic tool for describing a hitherto unreported form of disparity error, that caused by spatial filtering of the images with non-constant disparity functions. The reconstruction process is analyzed in detail. Current methods for performing the reconstruction are reviewed. A new method for reconstructing functions from arbitrarily distributed samples based on applying coordinate transformations to the sampled function is presented. The error due to the reconstruction process is analyzed, and a general formula for the error as a function of the function spectra, sample distribution and reconstruction filter impulse response is derived. Experimental studies are presented which show how the matching algorithms perform with surfaces of varying bandwidths, and with additive image noise. It is proposed that matching of scale space feature maps can eliminate many of the problems that the Marr-Poggio type of matchers have. A method for matching scale space maps which operates in the domain of linear disparity functions is presented. This algorithm is used to experimentally verify the effect of spatial filtering on the disparity measurements for non-constant disparity functions. It is shown that measurements can be made on the binocular scale space maps that give an independent estimate of the disparity gradient this leads to the concept of binocular diffrequency. It is shown that the diffrequency measurements are not affected by the spatial filtering effect for linear disparities. Experiments are described which show that the disparity gradient can be obtained by diffrequency measurement. An industrial application for stereo vision is described. The application is automated measurement of logs, or log scaling. A moment based method for estimating the log volume from the segmented two dimensional disparity map of the log scene is described. Experiments are described which indicate that log volumes can be estimated to within 10%.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of
Graduate

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Hamraz, Hamid. „AUTOMATED TREE-LEVEL FOREST QUANTIFICATION USING AIRBORNE LIDAR“. UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cs_etds/69.

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Traditional forest management relies on a small field sample and interpretation of aerial photography that not only are costly to execute but also yield inaccurate estimates of the entire forest in question. Airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is a remote sensing technology that records point clouds representing the 3D structure of a forest canopy and the terrain underneath. We present a method for segmenting individual trees from the LiDAR point clouds without making prior assumptions about tree crown shapes and sizes. We then present a method that vertically stratifies the point cloud to an overstory and multiple understory tree canopy layers. Using the stratification method, we modeled the occlusion of higher canopy layers with respect to point density. We also present a distributed computing approach that enables processing the massive data of an arbitrarily large forest. Lastly, we investigated using deep learning for coniferous/deciduous classification of point cloud segments representing individual tree crowns. We applied the developed methods to the University of Kentucky Robinson Forest, a natural, majorly deciduous, closed-canopy forest. 90% of overstory and 47% of understory trees were detected with false positive rates of 14% and 2% respectively. Vertical stratification improved the detection rate of understory trees to 67% at the cost of increasing their false positive rate to 12%. According to our occlusion model, a point density of about 170 pt/m² is needed to segment understory trees located in the third layer as accurately as overstory trees. Using our distributed processing method, we segmented about two million trees within a 7400-ha forest in 2.5 hours using 192 processing cores, showing a speedup of ~170. Our deep learning experiments showed high classification accuracies (~82% coniferous and ~90% deciduous) without the need to manually assemble the features. In conclusion, the methods developed are steps forward to remote, accurate quantification of large natural forests at the individual tree level.

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Blanco, Carolina Casagrande. „Modelo de simulação da dinâmica de vegetação em paisagens de coexistência campo-floresta no sul do Brasil“. reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/49276.

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Uma questão que ainda instiga discussões na literatura ecológica é como explicar a coocorrência dinâmica e milenar de formações florestais e campestres sob um mesmo regime climático que tende a favorecer as primeiras, como ocorre atualmente com mosaicos florestacampo no sul do Brasil. A partir de meados do século XX, têm-se evidenciado um fenômeno mundial de avanço de elementos lenhosos sobre áreas abertas. Neste sentido, a modelagem dos processos ecológicos envolvidos na manutenção de ambas as formações numa escala de paisagem permite o esclarecimento dos mecanismos que atuam na manutenção dessa coexistência até o presente e permite prever estados futuros diante dos prognósticos de drásticas alterações climáticas globais já nas próximas décadas. Para tanto, desenvolveu-se um modelo espacialmente explícito (2D-aDGVM) que agrega um Modelo Adaptativo Global de Dinâmica de Vegetação (aDGVM) e ainda inclui heterogeneidades topográficas, propagação do fogo e dispersão de sementes. Este modelo busca satisfazer a necessidade de modelagem mais realista de processos biofísicos, fisiológicos e demográficos na escala de indivíduos e relacionados de forma adaptativa às variações ambientais e aos regimes de distúrbios, ao mesmo tempo que agrega importantes processos ecológicos espaciais, até então pouco ou nada abordados por esse grupo de modelos numa escala de paisagem. Com este modelo, avaliaram-se os efeitos das variações topográficas da radiação solar incidente e destas nos mecanismos de interação (feedbacks) positiva e negativa que surgem daqueles processos na escala de indivíduos e que definem localmente os limites da coexistência entre elementos arbóreos e herbáceos. Ainda, foram analisados os efeitos do aumento da temperatura, precipitação e CO2 atmosférico, desde o período pré-industrial até projeções futuras para as próximas décadas, na performance das diferentes fisiologias envolvidas, bem como no balanço daquelas interações entre as mesmas e, finalmente, na sensibilidade da dinâmica dos mosaicos floresta-campo. Os resultados evidenciaram que, sob o regime climático vigente, uma coexistência relativamente estável entre floresta e campo numa mesma paisagem é mantida por uma alta freqüência de distúrbios, que por sua vez, resulta do forte feedback positivo do acúmulo de biomassa inflamável da vegetação campestre na intensidade do fogo, proporcionado pela condição altamente produtiva do atual clima mesotérmico. Por outro lado, intensificadas pela declividade do terreno, as heterogeneidades espaciais afetaram o balanço dessas interações, interferindo nos padrões espaço-temporais relacionados ao comportamento do fogo e dependentes da densidade de elementos arbóreos. Ainda, tanto esses efeitos observados na escala das manchas de vegetação, como o arranjo espacial inicial das mesmas na paisagem, afetaram as taxas de expansão florestal. Em outras palavras, a manutenção da coexistência de duas formações vegetais constituídas por elementos de inerente assimetria competitiva é possível pela manutenção de uma maior conectividade daquela que propicia o distúrbio, superando a vantagem da outra, que por sua vez é dependente da densidade dos indivíduos. Numa escala de paisagem, isto causa a manutenção de uma baixa conectividade entre as manchas florestais, propiciando sua relativa estabilidade num contexto de dispersão predominante a curtas distâncias. Contudo, embora ambos os sistemas tenham apresentado incremento no crescimento, produtividade e fecundidade, observou-se uma sensibilidade maior no sentido de aumento das taxas de avanço florestal em resposta às projeções climáticas futuras, principalmente nos próximos 90 anos, mesmo na presença do fogo. Isto seria proporcionado pela vantagem fotossintética das árvores-C3 sobre gramíneas-C4 na presença do fogo sob altas concentrações de CO2 atmosférico. Por fim, uma abordagem mais sistêmica dos mosaicos como estados alternativos mostrou ser adequada para o entendimento dos mecanismos que propiciam essa coexistência dinâmica na paisagem.
A longstanding problem in ecology is how to explain the coexistence over thousands of years of forests and natural grasslands under the same climatic regime, which favors the first, such as in forest-grasslands mosaics in South Brazil. Since the middle of the 20th century, a worldwide bush encroachment phenomenon of woody invasion in open vegetation has been threatening this relatively stable coexistence. In this sense, modelling ecological processes that arbitrate the maintenance of both vegetation formations at the landscape scale allows a better understanding of the mechanisms behind the maintenance of this coexistence, as well as predictions of future states under projections of drastic climate change over the next decades. For this, we developed a bidimensional spatial explicit model (2D-aDGVM) that aggregates an adaptive Global Vegetation Model (aDGVM), which includes topographic heterogeneity, fire spread and seed dispersal. The model aims at fulfilling the need for a more realistic representation of biophysical, physiological and demographical processes using an individualbased approach as it adapts these processes to environmental variations and disturbance regimes. In addition, the model includes important spatial ecological processes that have gained less attention by such models adopting a landscape-scale approach. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of topographic variations in incoming solar radiation on positive and on negative feedbacks that rise from those individual-based processes, and which in turns define the limiting thresholds upon which woody and grassy forms coexist. Additionally, the effects of increasing temperature, rainfall and atmospheric CO2 levels on the performance of distinct physiologies (C3-tree and C4-grass) were analyzed, as well as the sensitivity of forestgrassland mosaics to changes in climate from the preindustrial period to the next decades. Results showed that a relatively stable coexistence of forests and grasslands in the same landscape was observed with more frequent fires under the present climatic conditions. This was due to strong positive feedbacks of the huge accumulation of flammable grass biomass on fire intensity promoted by the high productivity of the present mesic conditions. On the other hand, spatio-temporal density dependent processes linked to fire and enhanced by slope at the patch scale, as well as the initial spatial arrangement of vegetation patches affected the rate of forest expansion at the landscape scale. The persistence of coexisting vegetation formations with an inherent asymmetry of competitive interactions was possible when the higher connectivity of the fire-prone patches (grassland) affected negatively the performance of the entire fire-sensitive system (forest). This was possible by overcoming its local densitydependent advantage, or by maintaining it with a low connectivity, which is expected to reduce the rate of coalescence of forest patches in a scenario of predominantly short distance dispersal. Despite the increments in biomass production, stem growth and fecundity that were observed in both grassland and forest, climate change increased the rates of forest expansion over grasslands even in presence of fire, and mainly over the next 90 years. This was attributed to a high photosynthetic advantage of C3-trees over C4-grasses in presence of fire under higher atmospheric CO2 levels. Finally, in the face of the general observed tendency of forest expansion over grasslands, the ancient grasslands have persisted as alternative ecosystem states in forest-grassland mosaics. In this sense, exploring this dynamic coexistence under the concept of alternative stable states have showed to be the most appropriate approach, and the outcomes of this novel perspective may highlight the understanding of the mechanisms behind the long-term coexistence.

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Carlsson, Erik. „Modeling Hydrostatic Transmission in Forest Vehicle“. Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-6864.

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Hydrostatic transmission is used in many applications where high torque at low speed is demanded. For this project a forest vehicle is at focus. Komatsu Forest would like to have a model for the pressure in the hose between the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor. Pressure peaks can arise when the vehicle changes speed or hit a bump in the road, but if a good model is achieved some control action can be developed to reduce the pressure peaks.

For simulation purposes a model has been developed in Matlab-Simulink. The aim has been to get the simulated values to agree as well as possible with the measured values of the pressure and also for the rotations of the pump and the motor.

The greatest challenge has been due to the fact that the pressure is a sum of two flows, if one of these simulated flows is too big the pressure will tend to plus or minus infinity. Therefore it is necessary to develop models for the rotations of the pump and the motor that stabilize the simulated pressure.

Different kinds of models and methods have been tested to achieve the present model. Physical modeling together with a black box model are used. The black box model is used to estimate the torque from the diesel engine. The probable torque from the ground has been calculated. With this setup the simulated and measured values for the pressure agrees well, but the fit for the rotations are not as good.

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Kauffman, Jobriath Scott. „Spatiotemporal Informatics for Sustainable Forest Production Utilizing Forest Inventory and Remotely Sensed Data“. Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/74974.

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The interrelationship between trees and humans is primordial. As pressures on natural resources grow and become more complex this innate connection drives an increased need for improved data and analytical techniques for assessing the status and trends of forests, trees, their products, and their services. Techniques for using readily available data such as the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) database and output from forest disturbance detection algorithms derived from Landsat data, such as Vegetation Change Tracker (VCT), for estimating forest attributes across time from the state and inventory unit level down to the stand and pixel level are presented. Progressively more comprehensive harvest and parcel boundary records are incorporated appropriately. Quantification of attributes, including non-timber forest products and fine-scale age estimates, across the landscape both historically and into the future is emphasized. Spatial information on the distribution of forest resources by age-class provides knowledge of timber volume through time and across the landscape to support forest management for sustained production. In addition to monitoring forest resources in regards to their value as products for human consumption, their measurement facilitates analysis of the relationship of their spatial and temporal abundance to other resources such as water and wildlife.
Ph. D.

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Candy, Katherine. „Mapping fire affected areas in northern Western Australia - towards an automatic approach“. Candy, Katherine (2004) Mapping fire affected areas in northern Western Australia - towards an automatic approach. Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 2004. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/500/.

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Wildfires across northern Australia are a growing problem with more than 2.5 million hectares being burnt each year. Accordingly, remote sensing has been used as a tool to routinely monitor and map fire histories. In northern Western Australia, the Department of Land Information Satellite Remote Sensing Services (DLI SRSS) has been responsible for providing and interpreting NOAA-AVHRR (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration-Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) data. SRSS staff utilise this data to automatically map hotspots on a daily basis, and manually map fire affected areas (FAA) every nine days. This information is then passed on to land managers to enhance their ability to manage the effects of fire and assess its impact over time. The aim of this study was to develop an algorithm for the near real-time automatic mapping of FAA in the Kimberley and Pilbara as an alternative to the currently used semimanual approach. Daily measures of temperature, surface reflectance and vegetation indices from twenty nine NOAA-16 (2001) passes were investigated. It was firstly necessary to apply atmospheric and BRDF corrections to the raw reflectance data to account for the variation caused by changing viewing and illumination geometry over a cycle. Findings from the four case studies indicate that case studies 1 and 2 exhibited a typical fire response (visible and near-infrared channels and vegetation indices decreased), whereas 3 and 4 displayed an atypical response (visible channel increased while the near-infrared channel and vegetation indices decreased). Alternative vegetation indices such as GEMI, GEMI3 and VI3 outperformed NDVI in some cases. Likewise atmospheric and BRDF corrected NDVI provided better performance in separating burnt and unburnt classes. The difficulties in quantifying FAA due to temporal and spatial variation result from numerous factors including vegetation type, fire intensity, rate of ash and charcoal dispersal due to wind and rain, background soil influence and rate of revegetation. In this study two different spectral responses were recorded, indicating the need to set at least two sets of thresholds in an automated or semi-automated classification algorithm. It also highlighted the necessity of atmospheric and BRDF corrections. It is therefore recommended that future research apply atmospheric and BRDF corrections at the pre-processing stage prior to analysis when utilising a temporal series of NOAAAVHRR data. Secondly, it is necessary to investigate additional FAA within the four biogeographic regions to enable thresholds to be set in order to develop an algorithm. This algorithm must take into account the variation in a fire's spectral response which may result from fire intensity, vegetation type, background soil influence or climatic factors.

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Hedborg, Mårten, und Patrik Grylin. „Active Noise Control of a Forest Machine Cabin“. Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-9065.

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Today, a high noise level is considered a problem in many working environments. The main reason is that it contributes to stress and fatigue. Traditional methods using passive noise control is only practicable for high frequencies. As a complement to passive noise control, active noise control (ANC) can be used to reduce low frequency noise. The main idea of ANC is to use destructive interference of waves to cancel disturbing noises.

The purpose of this thesis is to design and implement an ANC system in the driver's cabin of a Valmet 890 forest

machine. The engine boom is one of the most disturbing noises and therefore the main subjective for the ANC system to suppress.

The ANC system is implemented on a Texas Instrument DSP development starter kit. Different FxLMS algorithms are evaluated with feedback and feedforward configurations.

The results indicate that an ANC system significantly reduces the sound pressure level (SPL) in the cabin. Best performance of the evaluated systems is achieved for the feedforward FxLMS system. For a commonly used engine speed of 1500 rpm, the SPL is reduced with 17 dB. The results show fast enough convergence and global suppression of low frequency noise.

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Bücher zum Thema "Forest automata"

Malecha, Geoffrey. Automatic bar code data collection, forest products industry. [Corvallis, OR]: Oregon State University, College of Business, 1996.

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Cecil, Carl Patrick. NPSNET-MES: Semi-automated forces integration. Monterey, Calif: Naval Postgraduate School, 1991.

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Péch, Gyula. Automatic reporting fire weather network at Petawawa, Ontario. Chalk River, Ont: Petawawa National Forestry Institute, 1995.

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Meadows, Edward Scott. U.S. military automatic pistols. Moline, Ill: R. Ellis Publications, 1993.

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United States. Defense Logistics Agency. DAAS: Defense Automatic Addressing System. Alexandria, Va: Dept. of Defense, Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Manpower, Installations and Logistics), 1985.

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International, Forum on Automated Interpretation of High Spatial Resolution Digital Imagery for Forestry (1998 Victoria B. C. ). International Forum, Automated Interpretation of High Spatial Resolution Digital Imagery for Forestry: February 10-12, 1998, Pacific Forestry Centre, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. Victoria: Pacific Forestry Centre, 1999.

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Office, General Accounting. Military readiness: DOD needs to better manage automatic test equipment modernization : report to the chairman, Subcommittee on National Security, Emerging Threats , and International Relations, Committee on Government Reform, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, 20013): U.S. General Accounting Office, 2003.

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Santacroce, Mark. Non-standard requisitioning process improvement: Cost and benefit analysis of implementing the Automated Non-standard Requisitioning System (ANSRS) within Submarine Forces, Pacific (SUBPAC). Monterey, Calif: Naval Postgraduate School, 1997.

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The Colt 1911 pistol. Oxford: Long Island City, NY, 2011.

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Varlamov, Oleg. 18 examples of mivar expert systems. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1248446.

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Many years of research on mivar technologies of logical artificial intelligence have allowed us to create a new powerful, versatile and fast tool, which is called "multidimensional open gnoseological active net" — "multidimensional open gnoseological active net: MOGAN". This tool allows you to quickly and easily design algorithms and work with logical reasoning in the "If..., Then..." format, and it can be used to model cause-and-effect relationships in different subject areas and create knowledge bases of new-generation applied artificial intelligence systems and real-time mivar expert systems with "Big Knowledge". The reader, after studying this tutorial, you will be able to create mivar expert system with the help of CASMI Wi!Mi. Designed for students, bachelors, masters and postgraduate students studying artificial intelligence methods, as well as for users, experts and specialists, creating a system of information processing and management, mivar models, expert systems, automated control systems, systems of decision support and Recommender systems.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Forest automata"

Colcombet, Thomas. „The factorisation forest theorem“. In Handbook of Automata Theory, 653–93. Zuerich, Switzerland: European Mathematical Society Publishing House, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4171/automata-1/18.

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Holík, Lukáš, Ondřej Lengál, Adam Rogalewicz, Jiří Šimáček und Tomáš Vojnar. „Fully Automated Shape Analysis Based on Forest Automata“. In Computer Aided Verification, 740–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39799-8_52.

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Kusumoto, Mitsuru, und Yuichi Yoshida. „Testing Forest-Isomorphism in the Adjacency List Model“. In Automata, Languages, and Programming, 763–74. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43948-7_63.

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Straßburger, Lutz. „A Kleene Theorem for Forest Languages“. In Language and Automata Theory and Applications, 715–27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00982-2_61.

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Qian, Jiawei, und David P. Williamson. „An O(logn)-Competitive Algorithm for Online Constrained Forest Problems“. In Automata, Languages and Programming, 37–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22006-7_4.

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Habermehl, Peter, Lukáš Holík, Adam Rogalewicz, Jiří Šimáček und Tomáš Vojnar. „Forest Automata for Verification of Heap Manipulation“. In Computer Aided Verification, 424–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22110-1_34.

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Moldenhauer, Carsten. „Primal-Dual Approximation Algorithms for Node-Weighted Steiner Forest on Planar Graphs“. In Automata, Languages and Programming, 748–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22006-7_63.

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Mathey, Anne-Hélène, und John Nelson. „Decentralized Forest Planning Models – a Cellular Automata Framework“. In Designing Green Landscapes, 169–85. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6759-4_7.

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Bendicenti, Erminia, Salvatore Di Gregorio, Francesco M. Falbo und Angela Iezzi. „Simulations of Forest Fires by Cellular Automata Modelling“. In Emergence in Complex, Cognitive, Social, and Biological Systems, 31–40. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0753-6_3.

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Cleophas, Loek, und Kees Hemerik. „Forest FIRE: A Taxonomy-based Toolkit of Tree Automata and Regular Tree Algorithms“. In Implementation and Application of Automata, 245–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02979-0_29.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Forest automata"

Couce, E., und W. Knorr. „Statistical parameter estimation for a cellular automata wildfire model based on satellite observations“. In FOREST FIRES 2010. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/fiva100051.

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Wang Xuehua, Liu Chang, Liu Jiaqi, Qin Xuezhi, Wang Ning und Zhou Wenjun. „A cellular automata model for forest fire spreading simulation“. In 2016 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ssci.2016.7849971.

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Sang Il Pak und Tomohisa Hayakawa. „Forest fire modeling using cellular automata and percolation threshold analysis“. In 2011 American Control Conference. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2011.5991603.

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Gu, Pingping, und Yuhui Zheng. „A New Data Mining Model for Forest-Fire Cellular Automata“. In 2012 Fifth International Conference on Intelligent Computation Technology and Automation (ICICTA). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icicta.2012.16.

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Zhao, Yang, und Da Geng. „Simulation of Forest Fire Occurrence and Spread Based on Cellular Automata Model“. In ICAIIS 2021: 2021 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Information Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3469213.3471332.

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Wang, Jian, und Xiaoyan Liu. „The improvement of computer algorithm for forest fire model based on cellular automata“. In 2011 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Management Science and Electronic Commerce (AIMSEC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aimsec.2011.6011161.

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Carvalho, Joao Paulo, Marco Carola und Jose A. B. Tome. „Forest Fire Modelling using Rule-Based Fuzzy Cognitive Maps and Voronoi Based Cellular Automata“. In 2006 Annual Meeting of the North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nafips.2006.365411.

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Dae-Sik Kim, Ha-Woo Chung und Pyoung-Wuck Chang. „Simulation of Rural Village Expansion into Farmland and Forest using Cellular Automata and GIS“. In 2004, Ottawa, Canada August 1 - 4, 2004. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.17037.

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Giannino, Francesco, Lucia Russo, Davide Ascoli, Antonello Migliozzi, Constantinos I. Siettos und Stefano Mazzoleni. „Cellular automata simulation of forest fire behavior on Italian landscape: The case of Sardinia“. In PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF COMPUTATIONAL METHODS IN SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING 2017 (ICCMSE-2017). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5012376.

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Zhang, Xuewu, und Yishao Shi. „Studies of state delay cellar automata in simulation: a case of forest fire spread“. In Geoinformatics 2007, herausgegeben von Jingming Chen und Yingxia Pu. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.761887.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Forest automata"

Rosenbloom, Paul S. Towards Intelligent Automated Forces for Simnet. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Juni 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada252267.

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Rosenbloom, Paul S. Towards Intelligent Automated Forces for Simnet. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Oktober 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada242804.

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Brooks, Rodney A., Bruce G. Buchanan, Douglas B. Lenat, David M. McKeown und J. D. Fletcher. Panel Review of the Semi-Automated Forces. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada215297.

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Zachariassen, John, Karl F. Zeller, Ned Nikolov und Tom McClelland. A review of the Forest Service Remote Automated Weather Station (RAWS) network. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-gtr-119.

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Gaponenko, Artiom, und Andrey Golovin. Electronic magazine with rating system of an estimation of individual and collective work of students. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, Oktober 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0043.06102017.

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«The electronic magazine with rating system of an estimation of individual and collective work of students» (EM) is developed in document Microsoft Excel with use of macros. EM allows to automate all the calculated operations connected with estimation of amount scored by students in each form of the current control. EM provides automatic calculation of rating of the student with reflection of a maximum quantity of the points received in given educational group. The rating equal to “1” is assigned to the student who has got a maximum quantity of points for the certain date. For the other students the share of their points in this maximum size is indicated. The choice of an estimation is made in an alphabetic format according to requirements of the European translation system of test units for the international recognition of results of educational outcomes (ECTS - European Credit Transfer System), by use of a corresponding scale of an estimation. The list of students is placed on the first page of magazine and automatically displayed on all subsequent pages. For each page of magazine the optimal size of document printing is set with automatic enter of current date and time. Owing to accounting rate of complexity of task EM is the universal technical tool which can be used for any subject matter.

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Vavrin, John L., Ghassan K. Al-Chaar, Eric L. Kreiger, Michael P. Case, Brandy N. Diggs, Richard J. Liesen, Justine Yu et al. Automated Construction of Expeditionary Structures (ACES) : Energy Modeling. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), Februar 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/39641.

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The need to conduct complex operations over time results in U.S. forces remaining in deployed locations for long periods. In such cases, more sustainable facilities are required to better accommodate and protect forward deployed forces. Current efforts to develop safer, more sustainable operating facilities for contingency bases involve construction activities that redesign the types and characteris-tics of the structures constructed, reduce the resources required to build, and reduce resources needed to operate and maintain the com-pleted facilities. The Automated Construction of Expeditionary Structures (ACES) project was undertaken to develop the capability to “print” custom-designed expeditionary structures on demand, in the field, using locally available materials with the minimum number of personnel. This work investigated large-scale automated “additive construction” (i.e., 3D printing with concrete) for construction applications. This document, which documents ACES energy and modeling, is one of four technical reports, each of which details a major area of the ACES research project, its research processes, and associated results, including: System Requirements, Construction, and Performance; Energy and Modeling; Materials and Testing; Architectural and Structural Analysis.

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Diggs, Brandy N., Richard J. Liesen, Michael P. Case, Sameer Hamoush und Ahmed C. Megri. Automated Construction of Expeditionary Structures (ACES) : Energy Modeling. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), Februar 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/39759.

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Hendrickson, Aidan, und Philippe Pierre Pebay. Recommendations on a Document Structure Format for Automatic Report Generation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1376817.

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Al-Chaar, Ghassan K., Peter B. Stynoski, Todd S. Rushing, Lynette A. Barna, Jedadiah F. Burroughs, John L. Vavrin und Michael P. Case. Automated Construction of Expeditionary Structures (ACES) : Materials and Testing. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), Februar 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/39721.

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Complex military operations often result in U.S. forces remaining at deployed locations for long periods. In such cases, more sustaina-ble facilities are required to better accommodate and protect forward-deployed forces. Current efforts to develop safer, more sustaina-ble operating facilities for contingency bases involve construction activities that require a redesign of the types and characteristics of the structures constructed, that reduce the resources required to build, and that decrease the resources needed to operate and maintain the completed facilities. The Automated Construction of Expeditionary Structures (ACES) project was undertaken to develop the capa-bility to “print” custom-designed expeditionary structures on demand, in the field, using locally available materials with the minimum number of personnel. This work investigated large-scale automated “additive construction” (i.e., 3D printing with concrete) for con-struction applications. This report, which documents ACES materials and testing, is one of four technical reports, each of which details a major area of the ACES research project, its research processes, and its associated results. There major areas include System Require-ments, Construction, and Performance; Energy and Modeling; Materials and Testing; Architectural and Structural Analysis.

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Kolodzy, P. J., und J. E. Baum. Logical Implementation of the Automatic Target Recognition Working Group (ATRWG) 9-Track Tape Format Image Storage Format. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada236627.

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