Dissertationen zum Thema „Fonction de barrière de commande“
Geben Sie eine Quelle nach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard und anderen Zitierweisen an
Machen Sie sich mit Top-50 Dissertationen für die Forschung zum Thema "Fonction de barrière de commande" bekannt.
Neben jedem Werk im Literaturverzeichnis ist die Option "Zur Bibliographie hinzufügen" verfügbar. Nutzen Sie sie, wird Ihre bibliographische Angabe des gewählten Werkes nach der nötigen Zitierweise (APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver usw.) automatisch gestaltet.
Sie können auch den vollen Text der wissenschaftlichen Publikation im PDF-Format herunterladen und eine Online-Annotation der Arbeit lesen, wenn die relevanten Parameter in den Metadaten verfügbar sind.
Sehen Sie die Dissertationen für verschiedene Spezialgebieten durch und erstellen Sie Ihre Bibliographie auf korrekte Weise.
Kanso, Soha. „Contributions to Safe Reinforcement Learning and Degradation Tolerant Control Design“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2024. https://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/ulprive/DDOC_T_2024_0261_KANSO.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSafety-critical dynamical systems are essential in various industries, such as aerospace domain, autonomous systems, robots in healthcare area etc. where safety issues and structural or functional failure may lead to catastrophic consequences. A significant challenge in these systems is the degradation of components and actuators, which can compromise safety and stability of systems. As such, incorporating state of system's health within the control design framework is essential to ensure tolerance to functional degradation. Moreover, such system models often involve uncertainties and incomplete knowledge, especially as components degrade, altering system dynamics in a nonlinear manner, calling for development of learning approaches that envisage assimilation of available data within the control learning paradigm. However, assuring safety during the learning phase (exploration) as well as operational phase (exploitation) is of paramount importance when it comes to such dynamical systems. Traditional model-based control approaches, require precise system models, making them less effective under these conditions. In this context, Reinforcement Learning (RL) emerges as a powerful approach, capable of learning optimal control laws for partially or fully unknown dynamic systems, in the presence of input-output data (without the exact knowledge of system models). However, development and implementation of RL based approaches present their own challenges: the exploration phase, necessary for learning, can lead the system into unsafe regions and accelerate the speed of degradation; further, provable safety guarantees during the operational (exploitation) phase are equally important to ensure safety throughout the system operation. In this context, Safe Reinforcement Learning (Safe RL) paradigm targets development of RL based approaches that prioritize the safety guarantees, along with traditional stability, and optimality of systems. This thesis addresses these challenges by developing novel control learning strategies that adapt to system uncertainties and functional degradation. The main contributions of this thesis lie in proposition of novel approaches to addressing the challenges of system safety and stability, as well as decelerating the speed of degradation, thereby advancing the fields of safe RL and leading to proposition of Degradation-Tolerant Control (DTC). These contributions include:• ensuring the optimality, safety, and stability of control policy during both exploration and exploitation phases of RL. By integrating Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) and Control Lyapunov Functions (CLFs) within the RL framework, safe exploration and stable operation are ensured for both regulation and tracking problems. CBFs are used to define safe operating regions, while CLFs ensure that the system remains stable. These functions are incorporated into the RL algorithms to guide the learning process, ensuring that safety and stability constraints are respected;• decelerating the speed of degradation by incorporating degradation rates into control design, initially employing an optimal control approach in discrete time for linear systems. This ensures that control actions minimize the speed of degradation on system components, thereby extending their lifespan. For nonlinear systems, RL methods are employed to address the problem in both discrete and continuous time, providing adaptable solutions to complex dynamics;• proposal of a novel cyclic RL algorithm to ensure system stability under actuator degradation. This algorithm cyclically updates the learned control law, ensuring proper adaptation as system components degrade. The cyclic nature of the algorithm allows for reassessment and adjustment of control policies, ensuring continuous optimal performance despite ongoing degradation. These developed approaches were implemented through simulations, demonstrating their effectiveness in academic applications
Obeid, Hussein. „Contribution à la commande et à l'observation adaptatives par modes glissants d'ordres supérieurs : Application aux systèmes de gestion de l'énergie“. Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCA023/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis deals with the development of novel strategies to adapt higher order sliding mode controllers and observers. The implementation of classics first order and higher order sliding mode controllers requires the knowledge of the upper bound of the disturbance or its derivative, which are often not known. The first contribution of this thesis is the design of an adaptive strategy that can ensure the convergence of the sliding variable to a predefined neighborhood of zero without requiring any information of the disturbance or its derivative and without overestimating the adaptive gain. This adaptive strategy is then declined for the design of the first order, second order and integral sliding mode controllers, and for the Levant's differentiator. The second contribution of the thesis is the development of two adaptive strategies for discontinuous higher order sliding mode control. The proposed two algorithms can provide the achievement of n-order sliding mode despite disturbances with unknown upper bounds or with unknown upper bounds of their derivatives. Finally, in order to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms, they are successfully applied through simulations to control the wind energy conversion system and the linear induction motor system for cogeneration
Higounenc, Isabelle. „Différenciation, lipides et fonction barrière“. Paris 11, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA114804.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGhezzal, Sara. „Rôles des lipides alimentaires sur l'intestin : métabolisme, inflammation et fonction de barrière“. Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS436.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe origin of systemic inflammation observed at a subclinical level in obese patients is still unclear. Studies suggest the participation of the intestine and dietary lipids in the onset of inflammation. The aim of my thesis was to determine whether a short-term lipid supply, rich in saturated fatty acid, could compromise the intestinal barrier integrity, which could in turn increase the endotoxin passage through the intestinal mucosa, activate the immune system and trigger local or systemic inflammation. In mice, I studied the effect of a single or repeated supply of palm oil on intestinal barrier integrity, inflammatory markers and microbiota. My results showed that a single supply of palm oil is sufficient to alter intestinal epithelial barrier and to modulate in the intestine the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine. A repeated supply exacerbates these deleterious effects and modifies the abundance of intestinal bacteria. The role of palmitic acid was analyzed on a polarized monolayer of the human intestinal epithelial cell line, the Caco-2/TC7 cells. The results indicated that the deleterious effects could be exert independently of microbiota and immune cell interactions and involved the de novo ceramide synthesis pathway. Altogether, my results pave the way for further studies aiming at specifying the various cellular processes in response to dietary lipids
Benlahrache, Mohamed Abdelmoula. „Commande prédictive, et commande tolérante aux défauts appliquées au système éolien“. Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1125/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNowadays, wind turbines contribute to a large part of energy production in the world. In 2013, 2.7% of global electricity production was based on wind power, with a goal of reaching 14% of total electricity demand in 2020. The progression was remarkable in the last years, namely in France where the wind power generation increased from 2.5 TWh (terawatt-hour) in 2013 to 21.1 TWh in 2015.In order to satisfy these objectives, the standard size of the wind turbine tends to grow. However, the megawatt size wind turbines are very expensive and thus their efficiency has to be optimized in order to maximize the produced energy. Furthermore, it is aimed to protect the equipment from damage and maximize the service life of wind turbines, which is usually 20 years.In this thesis, model predictive control (MPC) is used to control the wind turbine and to identify the faults that could occur. Since the computation time in the MPC strategy is high, its use in real time fast systems may become unfeasable. To overcome this difficulty, the MPC control inputs are parametrized by Laguerre functions (LMPC) or Kautz functions (KMPC). This allowed decreasing the computation time by 33% compared to non-parametrized MPC. The min-max MPC approach is also considered in order to render the control strategy robust to parametric uncertainties and faults scenarios.These control strategies are evaluated on a wind turbine model with a multi-input (pitch angle and generator torque) / multi- output (generator power and generator speed) control, with constraints on inputs and outputs. These results are discussed in Chapter IV.In Chapter V, the Laguerre or Kautz parameterized MPC is reformulated with the objective of faults compensations. Indeed, if the faults are detected and estimated then it is possible to calculate the correction required to compensate these faults. This strategy becomes interesting from a wind turbine is operated with a controller that is not aimed to be changed for security or cost reasons, and the objective of the operator is only to compensate actuator or sensor faults. In these simulations, an available benchmark was used with the controller implemented in it.The thesis also contains a bibliographic and three introductory chapters discussing the state of the art of the turbine model, its control, fault detection and the MPC strategies used in this work
Dehouck, Bénédicte. „Une nouvelle fonction du LDL récepteur : transcytose des LDL au travers de la barrière hémato-encéphalique“. Lille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIL10058.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLemery, Emmanuelle. „Structure et physicochimie des tensioactifs, leurs impacts sur la toxicité cutanée et la fonction barrière“. Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10044/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCreams, shampoos, soaps, shower gels, these cosmetics daily used, have in common the presence of a raw material essential to their formulation, namely the surfactant or emulsifier. These molecules are therefore frequently in contact with the skin. Indeed, because of its particular amphiphilic structure, the surfactant helps the stabilization of emulsions, allows the formation of foam and provides the detergent properties of cleansing cosmetic products, by solubilizing the fatty substances present on the surface. These molecules can also interact with the components of the skin. One of the first obvious evidence of the interaction of surfactants with the skin is the observation of clinical signs following prolonged or chronic exposure to surfactant-rich formulas. These molecules are now known to cause irritant contact dermatitis and are the subject of a real public health problem regarding professional detergent diseases. However, considering the multitude of surfactants on the market, the mechanisms of action of surfactants on the skin are still poorly known, especially for nonionic surfactants, widely used in skincare products and often considered non-toxic. Sodium lauryl sulfate, anionic surfactant remains to this day, the model molecule currently studied. The cutaneous toxicity is most often related to the interaction of the surfactant with the proteins, charged molecules. As a result, ionic surfactants are considered to be the most toxic to the skin. In addition, the monomeric form of the surfactant is described as the entity responsible for cutaneous toxicity, fitting more easily into the lipid bilayer and thus able to penetrate the skin more easily than in the form of micelles. The toxicity of the surfactant is therefore also related to its critical micelle concentration. . The objective of this research project was to expand knowledge on different physicochemical properties of many classes of surfactants, to better understand their interactions and their effects on the skin. Several levels of studies have been developed. After detailed physicochemical analysis of the surfactants, in vitro measurements were used to evaluate the effect of the surfactant on skin toxicity. The study on the skin barrier function (surface properties / detergency, lipid matrix organization and evaluation of lipid extraction) was conducted via ex vivo experiments. Our studies have shown significant toxicity of some nonionic surfactants and conversely some ionic surfactants have been found to be perfectly well tolerated. Parameters highlighted in the literature such as CMC and surfactant charges have been questioned. Several explanations were put forward considering the organization of the surfactant in the water and its behavior on the skin barrier function thus bringing new tracks for a better understanding of the effect of the surfactant on the skin. In addition, the toxicity of the surfactants could be related to one of the three levels of disruption of the cutaneous barrier: the disorganization of the lipid matrix
Sommacal, Laurent. „Synthèse de la fonction d'Havriliak-Negami pour l'identification temporelle par modèle non entier et modélisation du système musculaire“. Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13454.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAbdayem, Rawad. „L'implication des glycanes et des éléments jonctionnels dans la fonction barrière de la couche cornée de l'épiderme“. Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1021.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe stratum corneum (SC) barrier is doubled by the secondary barrier of tight junctions which influences the formation of the main barrier. In my work, I focused on the study of the junctional elements composing those two barriers; corneodesmosomes in the SC and the tight junction at the granular layer level. In addition, I got interested in the involvement of glycans in the epidermal barrier function. This work was carried out either in skin physiological conditions or by the modulation of the epidermal barrier by intrinsic or extrinsic factors. Our results confirm that tight junctions play a subordinate role compared to the SC barrier and that glycans remain present at the surface of human corneocytes. The composition and the ultrastructure distribution of glycans evolve from the SC compactum to the SC disjunctum, towards desquamation in a comparable manner to the repartition of corneodesmosomes. Natural intrinsic changes during aging and pathological changes, including dandruff and atopic dermatitis, helped us to understand the role of those components in the cohesion of the SC and the conservation of functional barrier. Extrinsic modulation of the barrier by the application of solvents, excipients or topical formulations shows the importance of the ultrastructural organization of junctional and non-junctional SC components in maintaining an effective barrier
Saïdi, Lamir. „Commande à modèle interne : inversion et équivalence structurelle“. Chambéry, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996CHAMS024.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSimon, M. „Analyse par microfaisceau d'ions. Application à l'étude de la fonction barrière cutanée et à la nanotoxicologie in vitro“. Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00525919.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSimon, Marina. „Analyse par microfaisceau d’ions. Application à l’étude de la fonction barrière cutanée et à la nanotoxicologie in vitro“. Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13950/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSince many years, nanosciences are of great interest for researchers and industrialists, with numerous applications in various domains, however, their potential effects on human health have also attracted attention (environmental, industrial and medical exposures). Up to now, it has been very difficult to detect and track metallic oxides and manufactured nanoparticles in biological tissues, most particularly in skin. Thus, it is essential to precise the mechanisms involved in skin barrier function processes face to these exogenous agents and to characterize them in biological models in vitro/in vivo. During my PhD, I had the opportunity to combine quantitative methods of analysis with high resolution imagery techniques (confocal microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and ion beam analysis) in order to characterize: (i) the skin barrier function of an ex vivo pig ear skin model understanding the ion homeostasis behavior face to different stresses, chemical or physical (Collaboration with Hélène Duplan, Pierre Fabre Research Institute), (ii) the impact on viability, accumulation and intracellular distribution of nanoparticles (Titanium Oxides) naked or functionalized with fluorescent dyes (FITC, Rhodamine) (Collaboration with M.H. Delville, Bordeaux Institute of Condense Matter Chemistry). Results show the possibility to define (i) the role of ions in skin barrier function of a biological ex vivo model in native conditions and after exposure to different stresses (ii) in vivo toxicology of manufactured nanoparticles (iii) their future in a biological model of interest (keratinocytes)
Simonetti, Barbalho David. „Conception et mise en oeuvre de la fonction coordination pour une commande distribuee d'atelier“. Toulouse 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU30274.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSimonetti, Barbalho David. „Conception et mise en oeuvre de la fonction coordination pour une commande distribuée d'atelier“. Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37609946b.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBENSOUBAYA, MOHAMED Sallet Gauthier. „SUR LA STABILITE ET LA STABILISATION DES SYSTEMES NON LINEAIRES DISCRETS /“. [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1997. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/1997/Bensoubaya.Mohamed.SMZ9740.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKim, Kyung-Eung. „Etudes de la fonction valeur en présence des contraintes d'état“. Paris 9, 1997. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1997PA090005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGiroux-Metges, Marie-Agnès. „Adaptations de la commande nerveuse du muscle en fonction des conditions dynamiques de sa contraction“. Brest, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BRES3104.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRiedinger, Pierre. „Contribution à la commande des systèmes complexes“. Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00536355.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKökösy, Annemarie. „Système de commande automatique et poursuite pratique : application aux robots industriels“. Université de Besançon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BESA2002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe first part of the thesis develops the theory of the practical pursuit of continuous, non-linear dynamic systems, in this case of mechanical systems. The synthesis of a command guaranteeing this quality of tracking is particularly advantageous for industrial systems. One of the major differences between tracking in Lyapunnov's sense and practical tracking relates to the time interval over which the different tracking properties are defined. For the pursuit in the sense of Lyapunnov, the final time is infinite, while for the practical pursuit, the final time can be finite or infinite. […] After having established the sufficient conditions guaranting the pursuit, the second part of the thesis presents the synthesis of a practical pursuit order. [. . . ] All the theoretical results are illustrated and fully verified by simulations carried out on a robot with three degrees of freedom in rotation
Wieber, Pierre-Brice. „Modélisation et commande d'un robot marcheur anthropomorphe“. Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00390898.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNous commençons alors par proposer une formulation de la dynamique des robots marcheurs qui fait apparaître la structure spécifique de ces contraintes, démontrant notamment l'importance des appuis au sol. En s'appuyant ensuite sur la notion de viabilité, nous développons un point de vue inédit sur l'équilibre des robots marcheurs, ce qui nous amène à proposer une loi de commande totalement nouvelle, évaluant en permanence, parmi un ensemble de mouvements connus, ceux que le robot est capable de réaliser compte tenu de son état dynamique.
Un ensemble de développements logiciels et de travaux expérimentaux sont également entrepris autour du robot BIP, robot anthropomorphe comportant 15 articulations actionnées.
Cuer, Romain. „Démarche de conception sûre de la Supervision de la fonction de Conduite Autonome“. Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEI091/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Autonomous Vehicle is meant to drive itself, without any driver intervention, whatever the driving situation. This vehicle includes a new function, called AD, for Autonomous Driving, function. This function can be in different states (Available, Active for example) according to environmental conditions evolution. This states change is managed by a supervision function, named AD Supervision. The main goal of my works consists in guaranteeing that AD function remains always in a safe state. In other words, the AD Supervision must always respect all the functional and safety requirements that specify its behavior. These two requirements types are produced by two different professions: the System Architect (SA) and the Safety Engineer (SE). These two fields contribute to the design of the same function but distinguish at several aspects: objectives, constraints, planning, tools… In our case study, these differences are illustrated by considered requirements: the functional requirements are allocated to global AD function, while the safety requirements specify the behavior of local redundant sub-functions ensuring a continuous service in case of failure. The consistency of the two perspectives as early as possible in the design phase and in an industrial context, is the central problematic addressed. The safety issues due to Autonomous Vehicle make this topic essential for the automotive manufacturers. To meet these concerns, we proposed a tooled and collaborative approach for safe design of AD Supervision. This approach is integrated in the normative processes (standards ISO 26262 and ISO 15288) as well as in the internal design processes at Renault. It is based on formal verification by model checking, parallel composition of finite sate automata and technical expertise. This approach advocates the utilization of a same formalism (state automata) by the two professions to perform activities sharing a common goal: behavior requirements verification in preliminary design phase. A method to translate requirements into formal properties and to build state models has been deployed. The result is a progressive consolidation of treated requirements, initially expressed in free natural language. The potential ambiguities, inconsistencies and incompleteness are exhibited and treated. Two main contributions are in this way illustrated: highlighting of several formal credible (i.e. validated by expertise) specifications from informal requirements; and precise definition of technical expertise role (milestones, planning). However, this reinforcement – in silos – of the two profession viewpoints does not guarantee that they are mutually consistent. Thus, we proposed a convergence method, relying on expertise and on parallel composition of state automata, for the comparison of local and global views
Maya, Mauro. „Commande référencée capteur des robots non holonomes“. Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00142742.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLa commande de robots non holonomes a été très étudiée ces quinze dernières années. Cependant, lorsque l'on souhaite stabiliser la pose complète du robot, la synthèse de lois de commande robustes vis-à-vis d'erreurs d'estimation de l'état du robot (qui dans la pratique découlent typiquement d'erreurs sur les modèles des capteurs) reste un problème ouvert. La problématique principale de cette thèse se situe à ce niveau.
Les résultats développés dans cette thèse portent essentiellement sur deux aspects. Le premier concerne la façon d'utiliser les signaux capteurs pour la synthèse de lois de commande. Plusieurs méthodes de synthèse de commande sont proposées dans ce travail, en particulier, par analogie avec la commande des robots manipulateurs, nous proposons une synthèse directe dans l'espace des signaux capteurs. La deuxième partie de ce travail, plus fondamentale, porte sur l'analyse et l'évaluation des propriétés de robustesse des schémas de commande vis-à-vis d'incertitudes sur les modèles de capteurs. Des résultats théoriques de stabilité sont établis, puis validés et complétés par des simulations ainsi que par des résultats expérimentaux.
Chombart, Anne. „Commande supervisée de systèmes hybrides“. Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0170.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAriza, Urango Ricardo. „Commande robuste multicritère : approche espace d'état et LMI“. Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30086.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLacroix, Samantha. „Modélisation et commande d'une chaine de conversion pour véhicule électrique intégrant la fonction de charge des batteries“. Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00836751.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLacroix, Samantha. „Modélisation et commande d’une chaine de conversion pour véhicule électrique intégrant la fonction de charge des batteries“. Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112074/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEnvironmental constraints and reduction of fossil fuels resources have led industrials and laboratories to search for alternative solutions in the transportation domain. For the last few years, several vehicles or planes functions have been gradually electrified, up to their complete electrification. This thesis presents an AC/DC converter integrated in an Electric Vehicle (EV) for the charger application. The conversion is realized by using the electric traction powertrain, in order to reduce the global cost and increase compactness where a specific motor has been design.During the first phase of the study, a model of the motor used as filtering inductances has been obtained and allowed to highlight an existing magnetic coupling between the motor’s phases.The second step was to define control strategies. Two methods were used. The first one, by a transformation allowed eliminating the majority of the coupling term. In the other method, all coupling elements have been considered. For each strategies, IP and RST controllers based on robust pole placement were designed to ensure system stability.An important part of the work was devoted to the realization of an experimental test bench for AC-DC conversion. A FPGA and a processor were used for control implementation. The control laws has been compared and validated thanks to the experimental platform
Pouilly-Cathelain, Maxime. „Synthèse de correcteurs s’adaptant à des critères multiples de haut niveau par la commande prédictive et les réseaux de neurones“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASG019.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis PhD thesis deals with the control of nonlinear systems subject to nondifferentiable or nonconvex constraints. The objective is to design a control law considering any type of constraints that can be online evaluated.To achieve this goal, model predictive control has been used in addition to barrier functions included in the cost function. A gradient-free optimization algorithm has been used to solve this optimization problem. Besides, a cost function formulation has been proposed to ensure stability and robustness against disturbances for linear systems. The proof of stability is based on invariant sets and the Lyapunov theory.In the case of nonlinear systems, dynamic neural networks have been used as a predictor for model predictive control. Machine learning algorithms and the nonlinear observers required for the use of neural networks have been studied. Finally, our study has focused on improving neural network prediction in the presence of disturbances.The synthesis method presented in this work has been applied to obstacle avoidance by an autonomous vehicle
Lejeune, Marc. „Etude de la fonction d'explication dans les systèmes à bases de connaissances : application à la conduite de procédés“. Nancy 1, 1999. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1999_0203_LEJEUNE.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this thesis is to propose an help manual for developping an explanation function in the context of monitoring systems. The application may be a blast furnace, an electric hoven, power station or a drainage network. In this document, we identified main steps for the development of a explanation system. VVe made generic practical propositions concerning the domain of the explanation system, the acquisition of explanation knowledge, the realisation of the explanation system structured on the main functions of the knowledge based monitoring system, the software architecture modular or based on autonomous agents and the participation of the explanation system for the knowledge management in the compagny. We described a real example realised in the SACHEM project made by SOLLAC in the USINOR group
Ladevèze, David. „Détections d'erreurs, diagnostic de défauts et accommodation de la commande“. Toulouse, INPT, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPT038H.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBarrat, Emmanuel. „Fonction barrière intestinale du nouveau-né : développement post-natal et impact d'une supplémentation en galactooligosides et insuline chez le rat nouveau-né“. Nantes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NANT2132.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA mixture of galactooligosaccharides and inulin (GOS/In) is currently added to some infant formulas in order to mimic the effect of human milk oligosaccharides: stimulate the growth of lactic acid producing bacteria. This supplementation might impact the intestinal barrier function, an essential function that limits the entry of potentially harmful substances (permeability) or microorganisms (bacterial translocation) into the bloodstream. The aim of this project was to determine the impact of a supplementation of GOS/In on the intestinal barrier function of newborn rats. We used the ‘pup in the cup’ model that enabled us to control the composition of the diet of rats prior to weaning. We showed that GOS/In increased the bacterial translocation toward spleen. This was associated neither with alteration of composition of the colonic and ileal‐associated microbiota, nor to an altered colonic mucosa as shown by normal colonic permeability. However, the supplementation of GOS/In increased the concentration of acetate and lactate in the colonic lumen, which may have stimulated the activity of the immune system. None of these effects was observed after 3 weeks of weaning to GOS/In‐free diet
Cattin, Anne-Laure. „Le récepteur nucléaire HNF-4α : un facteur au carrefour entre homéostasie, architecture et fonction de l'épithélium intestinal adulte“. Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066379.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBoada, Bauxell Josep. „Sur la commande de satellites à entrées saturantes“. Toulouse, ISAE, 2010. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00564267.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZhu, Miaojun. „Rôle du Cholestérol, du 24S-hydroxycholestérol et des microdomaines sur la fonction de la P-glycoprotéine : possible implication dans la maladie d'Alzheimer“. Paris 13, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA132016.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common dementia in elderly patients. Many studies have shown the importance of the amyloïd cascade in the pathology mechanisms of AD including the Aβ peptides. These peptides are substrates of many membrane transporters such as P-glycoprotein over-expressed in the blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, the existing relations between the cholesterol, its metabolites and AD are still poorly understood. Investigations by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) may evidence cholesterol metabolism impairment in AD as well as involvement of other metabolic pathways. The first goal of this work was to explore the effects of cholesterol and its brain metabolite, the 24S-hydroxycholesterol (24S-OH), on the transport activity of P-gp. Finally, through the NMR analysis of cerebral cortex fragments of patients, we studied the changes of lipid content and water-soluble metabolites of samples from patients with AD and those from patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Our study suggests that P-gp and caveolin-1 modulate the rate of cellular cholesterol and its distribution within the plasma membrane, with an ATP-dependent mechanism only when this two proteins coexist. Moreover, 24S-OH modulates the P-gp function. For the first time an inhibition of P-gp by a metabolite of cholesterol was suggested. At least, NMR metabolomics has shown that some metabolic pathways are altered differently in the frontal cortex of patients with AD and the frontal cortex of patients with ALS
Ghouzali, Ibtissem. „Étude de la fonction de barrière intestinale au cours du syndrome de l'intestin irritable : impact du système ubiquitinine-protéasome et de la glutamine“. Rouen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ROUENR06.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePetit, Constance. „La protéine cellulaire du Prion, nouvel acteur de l'homéostasie de l'épithélium intestinal, joue un rôle essentiel dans la fonction de barrière de l'intestin“. Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066504.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCorbier, Christophe. „Contribution à l’estimation robuste de modèles dynamiques : Application à la commande de systèmes dynamiques complexes“. Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENAM0041/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleComplex dynamic systems identification remains a concern when prediction errors contain innovation outliers. They have the effect to damage the estimated model if the estimation criterion is badly chosen and badly adapted. The consequence is the contamination of the distribution of these errors; this distribution presents heavy tails and deviates of the normal distribution. To solve this problem, there is a robust estimator's class, less sensitive to the outliers, which treat the transition between residuals of very different levels in a softer way. The Huber's M-estimators belong to this class. They are associated to a mixed L2 - L1 norm, related to a disturbed Gaussian distribution model, namely gross error model. From this formal context, in this thesis we propose a set of estimation and validation tools of black-box linear and pseudo-linear models, with extension of the noise interval to low values of the tuning constant in the Huber's norm. We present the convergence properties of the robust estimation criterion and the robust estimator. We show that the extension of the noise interval reduces the sensitivity of the bias of the estimator and improves the robustness to the leverage points. Moreover, for a pseudo-linear model structure, we present a new context, named L-FTE, with a new method to determine L, in order to linearize the gradient and the Hessien of estimation criterion and the asymptotic covariance matrix of the estimator. From these expressions, a robust version of the FPE validation criterion is established and we propose a new decisional tool for the estimated model choice. Experiments on simulated and real systems are presented and analyzed
Garcia, Salazar Octavio. „Modélisation et commande d'un avion à décollage vertical“. Compiègne, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009COMP1836.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis is focussed on the design, modeling and control of the VTOL (Vertical Take off and Landing) UAVs. The control of these vehicles is implemented in order to perform autonomous flights. A functional description of these machines is described and the mathematical models are obtained by using the Newton-Euler formulation. These dynamic models include gyroscope effect, actuator torque, aerodynamic terms, thrust and gravitational forces. Vertical flight is studied for the tail-sitter UAVs (T-Plane, V-co-aX and CPlane). Control laws based on saturation functions are proposed for the stabilization of these UAVs in hover mode. Simulation and experimental results are obtained during the hover flight. Longitudinal dynamics (2-D model), including the aerodynamic terms, is analyzed for the Twister UAV, and a nonlinear control law is proposed for achieving the global stability of this vehicle. For the C-Plane vehicle, the longitudinal model is studied to perform the transition maneuver and the aerodynamic terms are obtained by considering the propeller analysis. Furthermore, results obtained from simulation and real time show an effective behavior of the proposed control laws. Finally, an embedded control system is developed to test the proposed control strategies. This system consists of low-cost sensors. A homemade inertial measurement unit was designed to perform the complete operational range of the vehicle (including vertical and horizontal modes). This IMU incorporates an analog complementary filter whose objective is to estimate the angular position
Wang, Tinghong. „Commande robuste pour une gestion énergétique fonction de l’état de santé de la batterie au sein des véhicules hybrides“. Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENT038/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the recent years, growing public concern has been given both on the energy problem and on the environment problem resulted from dramatically increased vehicles equipped with Internal Combustion Engine (ICE). Subsequently, intensive contributions have been made by the automotive industries and research institutes on vehicles that depend less on the fossil fuels, and introduce less pollutant emissions. This has led to the emergence of environment-friendly and energy-saving vehicles such as the Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) that is usually equipped with one or more additional electric motors and the associated power battery compared with the Conventional vehicles (CVs) propelled solely by the ICE. The key point of an HEV is to design a proper Energy Management Strategy (EMS) that decides how to split the demanded power between the engine and the motor (battery). As the most important and expensive part of an HEV, it is important to take into account battery states, such as battery State of Charge (SOC) and battery ageing, aiming at maintain the optimality of the achieved EMS, as well as prolonging the battery life. In this dissertation, an HEV of parallel structure, which is equipped with a Lithiumion battery is considered. This dissertation is focused on accounting for battery related items, i.e. battery SOC and SOH indicated by battery parameters, in the EMS developments leading to a kind of fault tolerant EMS. Some brief introduction on the control methods and realization approaches involved in this work is presented first, followed by two big parts: the first part is focused on the battery modeling and estimation, while the second part is concerned by the vehicle modeling and few kinds of EMS development methods
Wang, Tinghong. „Commande robuste pour une gestion énergétique fonction de l'état de santé de la batterie au sein des véhicules hybrides“. Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00947310.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGentil, Benoit Jean-Christian. „Etude de l'interaction entre la protéine géante AHNAK et la calciprotéine S100B : mise en évidence de l'implication d'AHNAK dans la fonction de barrière tissulaire“. Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002GRE10214.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSalameh, Emmeline. „Développement d'un modèle murin de dénutrition avec entéropathie et évaluation de molécules d'intérêt permettant de contribuer au rétablissement de la fonction de barrière intestinale“. Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR064.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBackground : Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is a global health issue affecting 17 million children under the age of 5. SAM induces rapid weight loss and is often associated with environmental enteric dysfunction (EED). EED is characterized by intestinal hyperpermeability and inflammation, villus blunting and nutrient malabsorption. EED might, therefore, limit stabilization and re-nutrition protocol efficacy. Objectives : This thesis aimed to develop an undernutrition model with enteropathy to evaluate the effect of a therapeutic milk enriched with nutrients on gut barrier function. Results : During preclinical model development, several approaches were tested: calorie restriction, low-protein diet, use of lipopolysaccharides and indomethacin. Only daily indomethacin gavage during one week in protein-energy undernourished mice induced growth faltering associated with enteropathy. After preclinical model validation, we evaluated the effect of therapeutic milk supplemented with glutamine, leucine, gum arabic and/or selenium-enriched yeast on gut barrier function. Glutamine and leucine induce beneficial effects on gut barrier function. In ourexperimental conditions, therapeutic milk enriched with a combination of glutamine and leucine had a limited impact on this parameter. Gum arabic and selenium-enriched yeasts have prebiotic and probiotic properties on gut barrier function. Therapeutic milk supplemented with gum arabic and selenium-enriched yeast inhibited intestinal inflammation and enhanced specific bacteria abundance such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii.Conclusion : The studies conducted during this thesis permitted to develop a new model of undernutrition with enteropathy. Therapeutic milk enriched with arabic gum and selenium-enriched yeast triggered beneficial effects on gut barrier function in our preclinical model
Le, Thanh Huong. „Toxicity of the cocktail of contaminants deoxynivalenol & cadmium to mammals with in vitro models“. Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30034.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCadmium (Cd) is a common and widespread toxic heavy metal. Human can be exposed to this environmental contaminant through smoke, food and water. Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most prevalent mycotoxins in cereals. If numerous studies investigated the toxicity of DON and Cd individually, very little is known about their combined toxicity. However, consumers can be exposed to a cocktail DON and Cd. In the present study, we focused on the effects of DON and Cd, alone or in the mixture using in vitro approach. Different human cell lines from kidney (HEK-293), intestine (Caco-2), blood (HL-60) and liver (HepG2) were exposed to a range of doses of DON and Cd alone and in combination. The induced toxicity was evaluated with CellTiter-Glo(r) Luminescent Assay, based on the measure of ATP content, proportional to the number of viable cells. Interactions between DON and Cd were analyzed with isobologram-combination index method derived from the Median-Effect Equation of the Mass Action Law of Chou and Talalay (1984). HEK-293 cells were exposed to increasing doses of DON, Cd and their combinations at different ratios (DON/Cd of 2/1; 1/1; 1/2 and 1/8). Regardless of the ratio, the type of interaction observed in HEK-293 cells ranged from moderate antagonism to nearly additive. In Caco-2 cells, the interactions ranged from slight synergy to antagonism whatever the ratio. At ratio 1/1, in HL-60 and HepG2 cells, interactions ranged from synergy to antagonism depending on the cytotoxicity level. In the medium supplemented with 1% Fetal Calf Serum (FCS), the interaction of DON and Cd on HEK-293 and Caco-2 cells did not show a significant difference compared to medium with 10% FCS. Then, the effects of DON and Cd on the barrier function and gene expression were evaluated. On Caco-2 monolayers permeability, DON and DON/Cd mixture showed a dose- dependent effect while no effect was observed with Cd. DON-induced a significant alteration of inflammatory cytokines whereas Cd showed overexpression of metallothionein genes. In medium supplemented with 1% FCS, our preliminary results showed effects of Cd on intestinal barrier function. The combined effects of DON and Cd on Caco-2 cells barrier function ranged from moderate antagonism to nearly additive. In conclusion, our study indicates that the combined exposure to DON and Cd is specific to the target organ and development stage of the cells. Moreover, the interactions between DON and Cd will have to be investigated in ex vivo and in vivo experiments to confirm these results
Trélat, Emmanuel. „Etude asymptotique et transcendance de la fonction valeur en contrôle optimal. Catégorie log-exp en géométrie sous-riemannienne dans le cas Martinet“. Dijon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000DIJOS076.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChebassier, Joël. „Méthodologies pour la conception d'un système de commande par calculateur“. Grenoble INPG, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPG0006.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePoulain, François. „Commande d'un véhicule hypersonique à propulsion aérobie : modélisation et synthèse“. Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00744985.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNachat, Rachida. „Identification et caractérisation des peptidyl-arginine désiminases épidermiques, de nouvelles cibles pharmacologiques impliquées dans la production du facteur naturel d'hydratation et la fonction barrière de l'épiderme“. Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30154.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMa, Yingchong. „Planification de trajectoire et commande pour les robots mobiles non-holonomes“. Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00979604.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMalaisé, Yann. „Caractérisation chez la souris adulte des impacts immuno-modulateurs des bisphénols après exposition périnatale : conséquences sur la fonction "barrière" de l'intestin et la susceptibilité aux désordres métaboliques“. Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017INPT0119/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA) is commonly found in food industry, more precisely in food contact packaging. BPA is used to manufacture polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins lining food and beverage cans, becoming an ubiquitous contaminant in human food. The extent of human exposure to this chemical is thought to be correlated with the occurrence of disorders like food intolerance, obesity and type-2 diabetes (T2D). During last years, a particular interest have been raised about its ability to disrupt various physiological functions, including immune system, after perinatal exposure at relevant environmental doses for Human. In the first study, we showed that perinatal exposure to BPA (50 µg/kg body weight/day) decreased anti-microbial activity and ileal lysozyme expression in the female mouse offspring. In those mice, we observed an increased gut permeability, in association with an increase of colonic IFN- level. Moreover, we observed a decrease of IgA+ cells with a loss of IgA secretion into faeces, depicting intestinal barrier and defense function defects in BPA female offspring. Interestingly, a decrease of the intestinal ILC3 frequency associated with an increase of IgG against commensal E.coli in sera have been observed in these individuals. These effects were linked to a defect of maturation and migratory ability of dendritic cells from lamina propria (LP) and spleen. Perinatal exposure to BPA also increased IFN- and IL-17 secretions after in vitro stimulation in the gut and elicited Th17 response in the spleen. Altogether, these effects support the ability of a perinatal exposure to BPA to induce oral intolerance with ageing in female offspring. Secondly, we showed that perinatal exposure to BPA at the same dose led to intestinal and systemic immune system homeostasis disturbances in male mouse offspring at day 45, through a decrease of Th1 and Th17 frequencies in the LP and an increase of Th1 and Th17 response in spleen. These effects were associated with an altered glucose sensibility, a decrease of faecal IgA secretion and a fall of bifidobacteria in the microbiota of these individuals. These BPA-mediated events precede infiltration of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages in gonadal white adipose tissue, together with a decreased insulin sensitivity and an increased weight gain. This longitudinal study allowed us to better understand the sequential events linked to perinatal exposure to BPA that lead to obesity and T2D, and highlighted the role of immune system linked to gut microbiota in the development of these metabolic disorders. Finally, we hypothesized that two structural analogs of BPA –i.e., Bisphenol S and F- can display similar immune-modulatory effects that could lead to similar developmental disturbances than BPA in exposed-offspring. This hypothesis was tested in a preliminary experiment in female mouse offspring perinatally exposed to BPS and BPF. We also provided preliminary results of these two compounds, compared to BPA, from an in vitro study. This thesis contributes to the increase knowledge about the immunotoxic effects of bisphenol compounds in the context of the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD)
Kouiss, Khalid. „Mise en oeuvre de la fonction communication dans le cadre de cellules flexibles d'usinage“. Nantes, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NANT2007.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChamekh, Hammami Yosr. „Commande de suivi de trajectoire pour les systèmes complexes et /ou incertains“. Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00741457.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle