Thematische Bibliographien / Flood depth

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Flood depth“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 28. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 14. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Flood depth"

Malgwi, Mark Bawa, Jorge Alberto Ramirez, Andreas Zischg, Markus Zimmermann, Stefan Schürmann und Margreth Keiler. „A method to reconstruct flood scenarios using field interviews and hydrodynamic modelling: application to the 2017 Suleja and Tafa, Nigeria flood“. Natural Hazards 108, Nr. 2 (07.05.2021): 1781–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-021-04756-z.

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AbstractThe scarcity of model input and calibration data has limited efforts in reconstructing scenarios of past floods in many regions globally. Recently, the number of studies that use distributed post-flood observation data collected throughout flood-affected communities (e.g. face-to-face interviews) are increasing. However, a systematic method that applies such data for hydrodynamic modelling of past floods in locations without hydrological data is lacking. In this study, we developed a method for reconstructing plausible scenarios of past flood events in data-scarce regions by applying flood observation data collected through field interviews to a hydrodynamic model (CAESAR-Lisflood). We tested the method using 300 spatially distributed flood depths and duration data collected using questionnaires on five river reaches after the 2017 flood event in Suleja and Tafa region, Nigeria. A stepwise process that aims to minimize the error between modelled and observed flood depth and duration at the locations of interviewed households was implemented. Results from the reconstructed flood depth scenario produced an error of ± 0.61 m for all observed and modelled locations and lie in the range of error produced by studies using comparable hydrodynamic models. The study demonstrates the potential of utilizing interview data for hydrodynamic modelling applications in data-scarce regions to support regional flood risk assessment. Furthermore, the method can provide flow depths and durations at houses without observations, which is useful input data for physical vulnerability assessment to complement disaster risk reduction efforts.

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Erskine, Wayne D., Lisa M. Turner und Teresa A. Rose. „Sedimentological and geomorphological effects of the 1997 and 1998 flood sequence on the Lower Snowy River, Victoria“. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 128, Nr. 2 (2016): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rs16010.

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Three floods with flood peak ratios (peak discharge/mean annual flood) ranging between 0.65 and 5.35 occurred on the lower Snowy River in Victoria between June 1997 and August 1998. The June 1998 flood was the largest event downstream of the Rodger River junction where the flood peak ratio was >4. Pre- and post-flood investigations were carried out at the three Snowy River benchmarking sites in Victoria (McKillops Bridge, Sandy Point and Bete Bolong) to determine the impact of the floods on channel-boundary sediments and morphology. Few significant changes in graphic grain-size statistics for channel-boundary sediments were found at McKillops Bridge and Sandy Point. At Bete Bolong, there were many significant changes in the grain-size statistics of both the bed material and bank sediment. The variance and mean of a number of benchfull and bankfull channel morphologic parameters (width, area, mean depth, maximum depth, width‒maximum depth ratio) did not change significantly at McKillops Bridge and Sandy Point. At Bete Bolong, benchfull mean depth and area increased significantly due to bed degradation. Floods with a flood peak ratio of at least 4 are important for mobilising channel-boundary sediments and hence modifying channel morphology on the lower Snowy River.

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Zin, Win Win, Akiyuki Kawasaki, Georg Hörmann, Ralph Allen Acierto, Zin Mar Lar Tin San und Aye Myat Thu. „Multivariate Flood Loss Estimation of the 2018 Bago Flood in Myanmar“. Journal of Disaster Research 15, Nr. 3 (30.03.2020): 300–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2020.p0300.

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Flood loss models are essential tools for assessing flood risk. Flood damage assessment provides decision makers with critical information to manage flood hazards. This paper presents a multivariable flood damage assessment based on data from residential building and content damage from the Bago flood event of July 2018. This study aims to identify the influences on building and content losses. We developed a regression-based flood loss estimation model, which incorporates factors such as water depth, flood duration, building material, building age, building condition, number of stories, and floor level. Regression approaches, such as stepwise and best subset regression, were used to create the flood damage model. The selection was based on Akaike’s information criterion (AIC). We found that water depth, flood duration, and building material were the most significant factors determining flood damage in the residential sector.

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S.Ferreira, Carla, Sandra Mourato, Milica Kasanin-Grubin, António J.D. Ferreira, Georgia Destouni und Zahra Kalantari. „Effectiveness of Nature-Based Solutions in Mitigating Flood Hazard in a Mediterranean Peri-Urban Catchment“. Water 12, Nr. 10 (16.10.2020): 2893. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12102893.

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Urbanization alters natural hydrological processes and enhances runoff, which affects flood hazard. Interest in nature-based solutions (NBS) for sustainable mitigation and adaptation to urban floods is growing, but the magnitudes of NBS effects are still poorly investigated. This study explores the potential of NBS for flood hazard mitigation in a small peri-urban catchment in central Portugal, prone to flash floods driven by urbanization and short but intense rainfall events typical of the Mediterranean region. Flood extent and flood depth are assessed by manually coupling the hydrologic HEC-HMS and hydraulic HEC-RAS models. The coupled model was run for single rainfall events with recurrence periods of 10–, 20–, 50–, and 100–years, considering four simulation scenarios: current conditions (without NBS), and with an upslope NBS, a downslope NBS, and a combination of both. The model-simulation approach provides good estimates of flood magnitude (NSE = 0.91, RMSE = 0.08, MAE = 0.07, R2 = 0.93), and shows that diverting streamflow into abandoned fields has positive impacts in mitigating downslope flood hazard. The implementation of an upslope NBS can decrease the water depth at the catchment outlet by 0.02 m, whereas a downslope NBS can reduce it from 0.10 m to 0.23 m for increasing return periods. Combined upslope and downslope NBS have a marginal additional impact in reducing water depth, ranging from 0.11 m to 0.24 m for 10– and 100–year floods. Decreases in water depth provided by NBS are useful in flood mitigation and adaptation within the peri-urban catchment. A network of NBS, rather than small isolated strategies, needs to be created for efficient flood-risk management at a larger scale.

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Sayama, Takahiro, Koji Matsumoto, Yuji Kuwano und Kaoru Takara. „Application of Backpack-Mounted Mobile Mapping System and Rainfall–Runoff–Inundation Model for Flash Flood Analysis“. Water 11, Nr. 5 (08.05.2019): 963. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11050963.

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Satellite remote sensing has been used effectively to estimate flood inundation extents in large river basins. In the case of flash floods in mountainous catchments, however, it is difficult to use remote sensing information. To compensate for this situation, detailed rainfall–runoff and flood inundation models have been utilized. Regardless of the recent technological advances in simulations, there has been a significant lack of data for validating such models, particularly with respect to local flood inundation depths. To estimate flood inundation depths, this study proposes using a backpack-mounted mobile mapping system (MMS) for post-flood surveys. Our case study in Northern Kyushu Island, which was affected by devastating flash floods in July 2017, suggests that the MMS can be used to estimate the inundation depth with an accuracy of 0.14 m. Furthermore, the landform change due to deposition of sediments could be estimated by the MMS survey. By taking into consideration the change of topography, the rainfall–runoff–inundation (RRI) model could reasonably reproduce the flood inundation compared with the MMS measurements. Overall, this study demonstrates the effective application of the MMS and RRI model for flash flood analysis in mountainous river catchments.

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Godara, Rakesh K., Billy J. Williams und Eric P. Webster. „Texasweed (Caperonia palustris) Can Survive and Reproduce in 30-cm Flood“. Weed Technology 25, Nr. 4 (Dezember 2011): 667–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-11-00069.1.

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Texasweed is an annual broadleaf plant belonging to the Euphorbiaceae family and is an emerging problem in southern U.S. rice fields. Field studies were conducted in 2008 and 2009 to study the effect of flood depth on Texasweed survival and growth. The trearments were five flood depths: 0, 10, 15, 20, and 30 cm and two Texasweed growth stages: two- to three-leaf stage and four- to five-leaf stage. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized split-plot design with three replications. Flooding conditions were created by placing potted plants in 1.3 m by 0.7 m by 0.7 m polyvinyl chloride troughs. The effect of flood depth on Texasweed growth and fruit production was evaluated using ANOVA and regression analysis. Texasweed plants were able to survive in floods up to 30 cm; however, growth and fruit production were reduced. Increasing flood depths resulted in increased plant height and greater biomass allocation to stem. Texasweed plants produced adventitious roots and a thick spongy tissue, secondary aerenchyma, in the submerged roots and stem, which may play a role in its survival under flooded conditions. The recommended flood depth for rice in Louisiana is 5 to 10 cm. A 10-cm flood in the present study caused about 30 and 15% biomass reduction in two- to three-leaf and four- to five-leaf stage Texasweed, respectively. The results, thus, suggest that flooding alone may not be a viable option for Texasweed management in drill-seeded rice. However, appropriate manipulation of flooding could enhance the effectiveness of POST herbicides. This aspect needs further investigation.

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Brown, Kyle M., Crispin H. Hambidge und Jonathan M. Brownett. „Progress in operational flood mapping using satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data“. Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 40, Nr. 2 (April 2016): 196–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133316633570.

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During flooding, operational tools for mapping flood extent and depth of water in flood-prone areas are required by those planning emergency response, including UK statutory agencies such as the Environment Agency. Satellite data have become a source of information to map and monitor floods, but many of the methods developed to process the data are unsuitable for accurate, near real-time production of flood information products. This paper describes a new semi-automated methodology developed to provide operational mapping of flood extent and flood depth using satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data combined with light detection and ranging (LiDAR) elevation data. In this method, an analyst uses the flood boundary derived from 8 m spatial resolution satellite SAR data to estimate the flood surface elevation at points around a flooded area using a digital terrain model derived from LiDAR data. This method is compared to a simple satellite ‘SAR-only’ method for generating flood extent and alternative, automated methods of generating flood extent and depth that also used SAR and LiDAR. TerraSAR-X and SPOT 5 data were used from an area including the UK Somerset Levels which suffered a major flood event in February 2014. The new semi-automated method produced similar overall accuracy to the SAR-only method ( Po = 95.8% and Po = 95.3%, respectively), but was more accurate at mapping flood extent where large vegetation or other objects appeared in the satellite SAR data. The automated methods were relatively inaccurate (overall accuracy ranged from Po = 83.4% to Po = 88.8%), but were used to identify where further work on improving the semi-automated-elevation method could be carried out. In addition to the flood extent information provided by the semi-automated-elevation method, flood surface elevation data were produced that could be used to estimated flood depths and flood volumes. The accuracy of the flood elevation surface was tested using LiDAR data acquired of the water surface during the flooding (root mean square error = 0.152 m). The paper discusses progress towards operational flood monitoring using SAR and LiDAR remote sensing products.

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Əhmədov, F. Ş. ,., R. K. ,. Quliyev und R. Ü. Əbdüləzimov. „SEL VƏ DAŞQIN AXINLARINDA DAĞ ÇAYLARI MƏCRASININ YUYULMA DƏRİNLİYİNİN TƏYİNİ“. “Water Problems: science and technologies” 1, Nr. 1 (10.06.2021): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.30546/wtst.2020.1.82.

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Abstract. The article is dedicated to the determination of the wash depth of mountain rivers in floods and overflows. As well-known, hydrotechnical equipment is exposed to destructive damages of the floods and overflows. The undersurface of bridge basement and coast guards are washed away, the surface of drainage devices in water supply and dams (Düker) at river crossings are opened up. Therefore, the protection of the equipment against the destructive damage of the floods and overflows should be ensured. To this aim, first of all, the depth of the fortification of the equipment basement in riverbeds and the width through which the river can flow should be determined and the works of installing coast guards should be accordingly implemented. Since the flow regime of rivers due to floods in the course of mountain riverbeds dramatically changes, the width, depth, roughness and cross-sectional area of the riverbed also changes. To that reason, in the smallest case, calculation formulas includes the average width and wash depth of the riverbed in the course of the floods and overflows, average diameter of undersurface soils, the slope of the location of hydrotechnical structures, velocity due to the average diameter of the riverbed soils and so on. The article contains the analyses of theoretical and practical materials about the floods and overflows in mountain rivers. For the rivers flowing through the southern hills of Great Caucasus Mountains, the expressions for determining the riverbed parameters and hydrological parameters of rivers are used. According to the expressions, average width due to non-washing of the riverbed in floods in accordance with flood flow and slope of the studied part of the riverbed, the average depth of the riverbed crossing the flood, the average velocity of the flow and the wash depth in accordance with them are determined. basing on all these, the determining method of the wash depth of mountain riverbeds in floods have been worked out and determining the wash depth have been recorded. The studied methodology can be used in determining the riverbed parameters in floods and overflows. Keywords: Flood, riverbed deformation, mountain river, wash depth, average diameter of undersurface sediments, riverbed stability, flood velocity

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Qiao, Chen, Quanyi Huang, Tao Chen und Zhipeng Li. „Key Algorithms And Its Realization About Snowmelt Flood Disaster Model Based On Remote Sensing And GIS“. E3S Web of Conferences 53 (2018): 03058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20185303058.

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Based on the remote sensing and GIS techniques, the relationships of the variables influencing the snowmelt flood such as the snow area, the snow depth, the air temperature, the precipitation, the land topography and land covers are analyzed and a prediction and damage assessment model for snowmelt floods is developed. This model analyzes and predicts the flood submerging range, flood depth, flood grade, and the damages of different underlying surfaces in the study area in a given time period based on the estimation of snowmelt amount, the snowmelt runoff, the direction and velocity of the flood. Then it was used to predict a snowmelt flood event in the Ertis River Basin in northern Xinjiang, China, during March and June, 2017 and to assess its damages including the damages of roads, transmission lines, settlements caused by the floods and the possible landslides using the hydrological and meteorological data, snow parameter data, DEM data and land use data. A comparison was made between the prediction results from this model and flood measurement and its disaster loss data, which suggests that this model performs well in predicting the strength and impact area of snowmelt flood and its damage assessment.

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Afifi, Chu, Kuo, Hsu, Wong und Ali. „Residential Flood Loss Assessment and Risk Mapping from High-Resolution Simulation“. Water 11, Nr. 4 (10.04.2019): 751. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11040751.

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Since the patterns of residential buildings in the urban area are small-sized and dispersed, this study proposes a high-resolution flood loss and risk assessment model to analyze the direct loss and risk impacts caused by floods. The flood inundation simulation with a fine digital elevation model (DEM) provides detailed estimations of flood-inundated areas and their corresponding inundation depths during the 2016 Typhoon Megi and 2017 Typhoon Haitang. The flood loss assessment identifies the impacts of both events on residential areas. The depth-damage table from surveys in the impacted area was applied. Results indicated that the flood simulation with the depth-damage table is an effective way to assess the direct loss of a flood disaster. The study also showed the effects of spatial resolution on the residential loss. The results indicated that the low-resolution model easily caused the estimated error of loss in dispersed residential areas when compared with the high-resolution model. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP), as a multi-criteria decision-making method, was used to identify the weight factor for each vulnerability factor. The flood-vulnerable area was mapped using natural and social vulnerability factors, such as high-resolution DEM, distance to river, distance to fire station, and population density. Eventually, the flood risk map was derived from the vulnerability and flood hazard maps to present the risk level of the flood disaster in the residential areas.

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Mehr Quellen

Dissertationen zum Thema "Flood depth"

Neal, Jeffrey. „Flood forecasting and adaptive sampling with spatially distributed dynamic depth sensors“. Thesis, University of Southampton, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.485291.

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The movement of computational power and communications capabilities onto networks of sensors in the environment through the concept of pervasive or ubiquitous computing has initiated opportunities for the delivery of ground-based data in real-time and the development of adaptive monitoring systems. Measurements of water level taken by a network ofwireless sensors called 'FloodNet' were assimilated into a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model using an ensemble Kalman filter, to create a forecasting model. The ensemble Kalman filter led to an increase in forecast accuracy of between 50% and 70% depending on location for forecast lead times of less than 4 hours. This research then focused on methods for targeting measurements in real-time, such that the power limited but flexible resources deployed by the FloodNet project could be used optimally. Two targeting methods were developed. The first targeted measurements systematically over space and time until the forecasting model predicted that the probability of the water level exceeding a pre-defined threshold was less than 5%. The second method targeted measurements based on the expected decrease in forecasted water level error variance at a validation time and location, quickly calculated for various sets of measurements by an ensemble transform Kalman filter. Estimates of forecast error covariance from the ensemble Kalman filter and ensemble transform Kalman filter were significantly correlated, with correlations ranging between 0.979 and 0.292. Targeting measurements based on the decrease in forecast error variance was found to be more efficient than the systematic sampling method. The ensemble transform Kalman filter based targeting method was also used to estimate the 'signal variance' oftheoretical measurements at any computational node in the hydrodynamic model. Furthermore, time series data, different sensors types and measurements of floodplain stage could all be taken into account either as part of the targeting process or prior to measurement targeting.

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Henrich, Michael. „The influence of temporal rainfall distribution and storm movement on flood depth in urban pluvial cloud burst modeling“. Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-265572.

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Pluvial floods are the most difficult and to date least investigated phenomena in urban hydrology. While efforts are being made to increase the knowledge base concerning this type of flooding, a large part of the difficulty lies in the nature of the precipitation. Convective storms represent most of the larger intensity short term rainfall in urban areas and is also the raintype, that is expected to increase the most in the future. The rain cells of this type have a more distinct boundary, larger intensity, a smaller extent and a shorter life span, than frontal rains. Combined with the low availability of densely spaced rain gauge networks and also low temporal resolution of measurements in 15 minutes intervals at best, makes this rain type still very difficult to analyze and even harder to predict. The resolution of cloud radar images at 2x2km and taken every 15 minutes is too coarse and the error reduction algorithms for radar based precipitation (HIPRAD) images to analysera in patterns are not sufficient by them selves to analyze the characteristics of such rainfields and the processes occurring within these fields. The spatial variation of raincells, their development and decay, the distance between them, and the velocity and direction of their movement can however be investigated employing a combination of densely spaced rain gauges and radar images to reach a more realistic representation of short-term precipitation for the use of in hydraulic models. The movement of rain fields has been investigated with two main areas of focus: The influence of direction or directional bias, often with an interest in the most crucial case referred to as the resonance effect, and in context of areal reduction of point rainfall. Most of these studies have been carried out with statistical methods and in laboratory experiments. In this study a hydraulic model was built on the terrain model of a realcity, a 28 km area in the city of Falun, to test the recently gathered information about the temporal variation of five empirical hyetographs with different peak arrival times and peak intensities, which are representative of Swedish climate. The hyetographs were produced and provided by SMHI. The empirical rain types were derived from 20 years of rain gauge observations and confirmed by radar images. For reference purposes, a standard Chicago design storm (CDS) rain was modeled as well. The simulated scenarios were modeled as a MIKE 21 hydraulic model, as a stationary scenario and in four movement directions. It was foundthat the empirical rain types produced lower inundation depth than the CDS, in a range of 20 to 50 % lower. The effect of modeling rainfall in motion produced on average only about 4-20 % lower water depths than the corresponding non-moving scenario. In a few instances, in a single evaluation point, the moving scenarios resulted in a relative water depth of a maximum of just above 1%. It was concluded that the conceptual approach of areal reduction from movement seems to be accurate and could help improve modeling rainfall in general, and specifically for cloud burst scenarios of shorter durations in urban catchments. It was also found that further investigation of the physical processes in rainfields could serve to increase the accuracy in areal reduction of precipitation for more realistic hydraulic models and in turn reduce over design.
Pluviala översvämningar är den typen, som är både svårast att reda ut och samtidigt den minst utforskade fenomenen inom urban hydrologi. Medan ansträngningar görs för att förbättra kunskapsläget, ligger den största svårigheten i nederbördens skepnad. Det är konvektiva regn som utgör de flesta av de starkare korttids regntillfällen i urbana områden och är också regntypen som förväntas att öka mest i framtiden. Regncellerna har en tydligare avgränsning, en större intensitet, mindre utsträckning, och en kortare livscykel än frontala regn. I kombination med den låga tillgängligheten av regnmätarnätverk med hög täthet i positioneringen av mätare, samt den låga tidsupplösningen av mätningar i intervaller av 15 minuter gör att konvektiva regn fortfarande är svåra att analysera och ännu svårare att förutse. Upplösningen av molnradar bilder av 2x2 km som tas varje 15:de minut är för grova och algoritmer för felreducering av bilder från radarbaserad nederbördsdata (HIPRAD) för analys av regn mönster är inte tillräckligt noggranna, för sig, för att kunna analysera egenskaperna av sådana regnfält och de processerna som karakteriserar dessa. Den spatiala variationen inom regnceller, deras utveckling och förfall, avståndet mellan dem samt riktningen och hastigheten kan ändå undersökas med hjälp av kombinationen av regnmätarnätverk och radar bilder för att uppnå mer realistiska korttids nederbördsscenarier för användning i hydrauliska model. Studier, som har undersökt regn i rörelse har varit fokuserade på två huvudområden: Betydelsen av riktningen, i vilken regnet rör sig, där den största effekten som denna riktningsbias kan uppnå, har döpts resonans effekt och i samband med ytreducering (areal reduction) av punkt nederbörd. De flesta av dessa studier har genomförts med hjälp av statistiska metoder och laboratorieexperiment. I denna studie skapades en hydraulisk modell baserad på en realistisk terräng av ett existerade urbant område, en yta på 28 km i Falun, för att testa den nyligen utvärderade informationen om temporala intensitets fördelningen som representerar det svenska klimatet. Regndatat producerades och tillhandahölls av SMHI och representerar en mätserie från regnmätare över en period av 20 år. Som referens modellerades även ett Chicago regn (CDS). Med hjälp av en MIKE21 hydraulisk modell, simulerades ett stationärt scenario och fyra rörelseriktningar för varje empirisk hyetograf. Resultaten visade att de empiriska regntyperna skapade översvämningar med 20-50% lägre vattendjup än CDS regnet. Att modellera rörelsen resulterade i 4-20% lägre vattennivåer jämfört med respektive stationär scenario. I några enstaka tillfällen, i en av evalueringspunkterna, skapade de rörliga scenarierna större resultat, med lite över 1% i det största fallet. Det drogs slutsatsen att konceptet av areal reduction genom molnrörelse verkar vara korrekt och skulle kunna hjälpa att förbättra sättet att modellera regn generellt, men också specifikt för skyfalls scenarier med korta varaktigheter över urbana avrinningsområden. Man kom ytterligare till slutsatsen att framtida studier i samband med de fysiska processerna i regnceller skulle kunna användas för att höja noggrannheten av ytreducering av nederbörd för mer realistiska hydrauliska modeller, som i sin tur kunde minska överdesign.

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Pu, Jaan H., Joseph T. Wallwork, M. A. Khan, M. Pandey, H. Pourshahbaz, A. Satyanaga, P. R. Hanmaiahgari und Timothy D. Gough. „Flood Suspended Sediment Transport: Combined Modelling from Dilute to Hyper-concentrated Flow“. MDPI, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18354.

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During flooding, the suspended sediment transport usually experiences a wide-range of dilute to hyper-concentrated suspended sediment transport depending on the local flow and ground con-ditions. This paper assesses the distribution of sediment for a variety of hyper-concentrated and dilute flows. Due to the differences between hyper-concentrated and dilute flows, a linear-power coupled model is proposed to integrate these considerations. A parameterised method combining the sediment size, Rouse number, mean concentration, and flow depth parameters has been used for modelling the sediment profile. The accuracy of the proposed model has been verified against the reported laboratory measurements and comparison with other published analytical methods. The proposed method has been shown to effectively compute the concentration profile for a wide range of suspended sediment conditions from hyper-concentrated to dilute flows. Detailed com-parisons reveal that the proposed model calculates the dilute profile with good correspondence to the measured data and other modelling results from literature. For the hyper-concentrated profile, a clear division of lower (bed-load) to upper layer (suspended-load) transport can be observed in the measured data. Using the proposed model, the transitional point from this lower to upper layer transport can be calculated precisely.

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Blanco-Vogt, Ángela. „Methodology for high resolution spatial analysis of the physical flood susceptibility of buildings in large river floodplains“. Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-201193.

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The impacts of floods on buildings in urban areas are increasing due to the intensification of extreme weather events, unplanned or uncontrolled settlements and the rising vulnerability of assets. There are some approaches available for assessing the flood damage to buildings and critical infrastructure. To this point, however, it is extremely difficult to adapt these methods widely, due to the lack of high resolution classification and characterisation approaches for built structures. To overcome this obstacle, this work presents: first, a conceptual framework for understanding the physical flood vulnerability and the physical flood susceptibility of buildings, second, a methodological framework for the combination of methods and tools for a large-scale and high-resolution analysis and third, the testing of the methodology in three pilot sites with different development conditions. The conceptual framework narrows down an understanding of flood vulnerability, physical flood vulnerability and physical flood susceptibility and its relation to social and economic vulnerabilities. It describes the key features causing the physical flood susceptibility of buildings as a component of the vulnerability. The methodological framework comprises three modules: (i) methods for setting up a building topology, (ii) methods for assessing the susceptibility of representative buildings of each building type and (iii) the integration of the two modules with technological tools. The first module on the building typology is based on a classification of remote sensing data and GIS analysis involving seven building parameters, which appeared to be relevant for a classification of buildings regarding potential flood impacts. The outcome is a building taxonomic approach. A subsequent identification of representative buildings is based on statistical analyses and membership functions. The second module on the building susceptibility for representative buildings bears on the derivation of depth-physical impact functions. It relates the principal building components, including their heights, dimensions and materials, to the damage from different water levels. The material’s susceptibility is estimated based on international studies on the resistance of building materials and a fuzzy expert analysis. Then depth-physical impact functions are calculated referring to the principal components of the buildings which can be affected by different water levels. Hereby, depth-physical impact functions are seen as a means for the interrelation between the water level and the physical impacts. The third module provides the tools for implementing the methodology. This tool compresses the architecture for feeding the required data on the buildings with their relations to the building typology and the building-type specific depth-physical impact function supporting the automatic process. The methodology is tested in three flood plains pilot sites: (i) in the settlement of the Barrio Sur in Magangué and (ii) in the settlement of La Peña in Cicuco located on the flood plain of Magdalena River, Colombia and (iii) in a settlement of the city of Dresden, located on the Elbe River, Germany. The testing of the methodology covers the description of data availability and accuracy, the steps for deriving the depth-physical impact functions of representative buildings and the final display of the spatial distribution of the physical flood susceptibility. The discussion analyses what are the contributions of this work evaluating the findings of the methodology’s testing with the dissertation goals. The conclusions of the work show the contributions and limitations of the research in terms of methodological and empirical advancements and the general applicability in flood risk management
In vielen Städten nehmen die Auswirkungen von Hochwasser auf Gebäude aufgrund immer extremerer Wetterereignisse, unkontrollierbarer Siedlungsbauten und der steigenden Vulnerabilität von Besitztümern stetig zu. Es existieren zwar bereits Ansätze zur Beurteilung von Wasserschäden an Gebäuden und Infrastrukturknotenpunkten. Doch ist es bisher schwierig, diese Methoden großräumig anzuwenden, da es an einer präzisen Klassifizierung und Charakterisierung von Gebäuden und anderen baulichen Anlagen fehlt. Zu diesem Zweck sollen in dieser Arbeit erstens ein Konzept für ein genaueres Verständnis der physischen Vulnerabilität von Gebäuden gegenüber Hochwasser dargelegt, zweitens ein methodisches Verfahren zur Kombination der bestehenden Methoden und Hilfsmittel mit dem Ziel einer großräumigen und hochauflösenden Analyse erarbeitet und drittens diese Methode an drei Pilotstandorten mit unterschiedlichem Ausbauzustand erprobt werden. Die Rahmenbedingungen des Konzepts grenzen die Begriffe der Vulnerabilität, der physischen Vulnerabilität und der physischen Anfälligkeit gegenüber Hochwasser ein und erörtern deren Beziehung zur sozialen und ökonomischen Vulnerabilität. Es werden die Merkmale der physischen Anfälligkeit von Gebäuden gegenüber Hochwasser als Bestandteil der Vulnerabilität definiert. Das methodische Verfahren umfasst drei Module: (i) Methoden zur Erstellung einer Gebäudetypologie, (ii) Methoden zur Bewertung der Anfälligkeit repräsentativer Gebäude jedes Gebäudetyps und (iii) die Kombination der beiden Module mit Hilfe technologischer Hilfsmittel. Das erste Modul zur Gebäudetypologie basiert auf der Klassifizierung von Fernerkundungsdaten und GIS-Analysen anhand von sieben Gebäudeparametern, die sich für die Klassifizierung von Gebäuden bezüglich ihres Risikopotenzials bei Hochwasser als wichtig erweisen. Daraus ergibt sich ein Ansatz zur Gebäudeklassifizierung. Die anschließende Ermittlung repräsentativer Gebäude beruht auf statistischen Analysen und Zugehörigkeitsfunktionen. Das zweite Modul zur Anfälligkeit repräsentativer Gebäude beruht auf der Ableitung von Funktion von Wasserstand und physischer Einwirkung. Es setzt die relevanten Gebäudemerkmale, darunter Höhe, Maße und Materialien, in Beziehung zum erwartbaren Schaden bei unterschiedlichen Wasserständen. Die Materialanfälligkeit wird aufgrund internationaler Studien zur Festigkeit von Baustoffen sowie durch Anwendung eines Fuzzy-Logic-Expertensystems eingeschätzt. Anschließend werden Wasserstand-Schaden-Funktionen unter Einbeziehung der Hauptgebäudekomponenten berechnet, die durch unterschiedliche Wasserstände in Mitleidenschaft gezogen werden können. Funktion von Wasserstand und physischer Einwirkung dienen hier dazu, den jeweiligen Wasserstand und die physischen Auswirkung in Beziehung zueinander zu setzen. Das dritte Modul stellt die zur Umsetzung der Methoden notwendigen Hilfsmittel vor. Zur Unterstützung des automatisierten Verfahrens dienen Hilfsmittel, die die Gebäudetypologie mit der Funktion von Wasserstand und physischer Einwirkung für Gebäude in Hochwassergebieten kombinieren. Die Methoden wurden anschließend in drei hochwassergefährdeten Pilotstandorten getestet: (i) in den Siedlungsgebieten von Barrio Sur in Magangué und (ii) von La Pena in Cicuco, zwei Überschwemmungsgebiete des Magdalenas in Kolumbien, und (iii) im Stadtgebiet von Dresden, das an der Elbe liegt. Das Testverfahren umfasst die Beschreibung der Datenverfügbarkeit und genauigkeit, die einzelnen Schritte zur Analyse der. Funktion von Wasserstand und physischer Einwirkung repräsentativer Gebäude sowie die Darstellung der räumlichen Verteilung der physischen Anfälligkeit für Hochwasser. In der Diskussion wird der Beitrag dieser Arbeit zur Beurteilung der Erkenntnisse der getesteten Methoden anhand der Ziele dieser Dissertation analysiert. Die Folgerungen beleuchten abschließend die Fortschritte und auch Grenzen der Forschung hinsichtlich methodischer und empirischer Entwicklungen sowie deren allgemeine Anwendbarkeit im Bereich des Hochwasserschutzes
El impacto de las inundaciones sobre los edificios en zonas urbanas es cada vez mayor debido a la intensificación de los fenómenos meteorológicos extremos, asentamientos no controlados o no planificados y su creciente vulnerabilidad. Hay métodos disponibles para evaluar los daños por inundación en edificios e infraestructuras críticas. Sin embargo, es muy difícil implementar estos métodos sistemáticamente en grandes áreas debido a la falta de clasificación y caracterización de estructuras construidas en resoluciones detalladas. Para superar este obstáculo, este trabajo se enfoca, en primer lugar, en desarrollar un marco conceptual para comprender la vulnerabilidad y susceptibilidad física de edificios por inudaciones, en segundo lugar, en desarrollar un marco metodológico para la combinación de los métodos y herramientas para una análisis de alta resolución y en tercer lugar, la prueba de la metodología en tres sitios experimentales, con distintas condiciones de desarrollo. El marco conceptual se enfoca en comprender la vulnerabilidad y susceptibility de las edificaciones frente a inundaciones, y su relación con la vulnerabilidad social y económica. En él se describen las principales características físicas de la susceptibilidad de edificicaiones como un componente de la vulnerabilidad. El marco metodológico consta de tres módulos: (i) métodos para la derivación de topología de construcciones, (ii) métodos para evaluar la susceptibilidad de edificios representativos y (iii) la integración de los dos módulos a través herramientas tecnológicas. El primer módulo de topología de construcciones se basa en una clasificación de datos de sensoramiento rémoto y procesamiento SIG para la extracción de siete parámetros de las edficaciones. Este módulo parece ser aplicable para una clasificación de los edificios en relación con los posibles impactos de las inundaciones. El resultado es una taxonomía de las edificaciones y una posterior identificación de edificios representativos que se basa en análisis estadísticos y funciones de pertenencia. El segundo módulo consiste en el análisis de susceptibilidad de las construcciones representativas a través de funciones de profundidad del impacto físico. Las cuales relacionan los principales componentes de la construcción, incluyendo sus alturas, dimensiones y materiales con los impactos físicos a diferentes niveles de agua. La susceptibilidad del material se calcula con base a estudios internacionales sobre la resistencia de los materiales y un análisis a través de sistemas expertos difusos. Aquí, las funciones de profundidad de impacto físico son considerados como un medio para la interrelación entre el nivel del agua y los impactos físicos. El tercer módulo proporciona las herramientas necesarias para la aplicación de la metodología. Estas herramientas tecnológicas consisten en la arquitectura para la alimentación de los datos relacionados a la tipología de construcciones con las funciones de profundidad del impacto físico apoyado en procesos automáticos. La metodología es probada en tres sitios piloto: (i) en el Barrio Sur en Magangué y (ii) en la barrio de La Peña en Cicuco situado en la llanura inundable del Río Magdalena, Colombia y (iii) en barrio Kleinzschachwitz de la ciudad de Dresden, situado a orillas del río Elba, en Alemania. Las pruebas de la metodología abarca la descripción de la disponibilidad de los datos y la precisión, los pasos a seguir para obtener las funciones profundidad de impacto físico de edificios representativos y la presentación final de la distribución espacial de la susceptibilidad física frente inundaciones El discusión analiza las aportaciones de este trabajo y evalua los resultados de la metodología con relación a los objetivos. Las conclusiones del trabajo, muestran los aportes y limitaciones de la investigación en términos de avances metodológicos y empíricos y la aplicabilidad general de gestión del riesgo de inundaciones

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Pumchawsaun, Phat. „Integrated hydrodynamic and socio-economic damage modelling for assessment of flood risk in large-scale basin : The case study of Lower Chao Phraya River Basin in Thailand“. Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för naturgeografi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-157381.

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Thailand has been often affected by severe flood events over the past century. The 2011’s Thailand Flood Catastrophe was the costliest in country’s history, and it was ranked to be the second most damaging natural hazard in the world in terms of economic losses. The Chao Phraya River Basin was noted to be the most vulnerable area prone to flooding in Thailand. The dynamics of flood risk in the river basin have changed drastically over the past fifty years. In particular, flood exposure increased due to rapid urbanization and population growth. Since 2012, integrated flood risk management has been addressed to be the major framework of water-related disasters with the goal of losses and damage reductions. However, there is currently little research in Thailand on how to quantify flood risks and mitigate flood inundation damage on the relation between the occurrence of flood events and their consequential socio-economic implications. In this study, a tradition method in flood risk assessment is implemented by integrating 2D hydrodynamic modelling and the assessment of socio-economic impact of floods into the Chao Phraya River Basin. More specifically, the fully 2D version of the LISFLOOD-FP model code was used to model flood inundation processes. The output of the model was then used to map inundation depth and assess the levels of physical/environmental risk associated to flood hazards on multiple receptors/elements at risk. The European Flood Directive and the KULTURisk methodology were applied to quantify flood risks in monetary terms for residential, industrial, and agricultural sectors. The 2011 flood event was used for model calibration, while a hypothetical flood event with a return period of 100 years was simulated to identify the potential flood losses. Depth-damage functions comprising of JRC-ASIA, the Flemish, and JICA models were used to estimate potential damage for residential and industrial structures. The results showed that LISFLOOD-FP could satisfactorily reproduce the flood inundation extent obtained from satellite imagery in 2011. The model performance (Critical Success Index or F1) was of 56%, with a Bias of 112%. The latter meant the total inundated area was 12% larger than flood extent’s observation. Moreover, the model could simulate flood levels with overall Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 2.03 m a.s.l. and 1.78 m a.s.l., respectively. For the estimation of flood damage and losses, the Flemish model showed the strongest agreement with the reported flood damage in the residential sector, while JICA-ASIA model underestimated flood damage for industrial sector by just 1%. The KULTURisk methodology also well-estimated crop losses in the 2011 event which an overestimation about 21% from the reported value. Apart from that, fully 2D numerical method could not perfectly represent 1-in-100 year flood inundation due to non-consideration of important features such as the precise river channel topography, hydraulic infrastructures, and flood protection schemes in the river basin. Lack of such features results in an overestimation of flood damage and losses for 1-in-100 year flood comparing to the national flood hazard map and damage assessment which are simulated and estimated by JICA’s study. Such features can be better handled by using a coupled 1D/2D numerical method in order to simulate flood inundation extent more realistically and estimate flood losses. This could help the Thai government to better prepare a budget for flood risk prevention. In addition, even if the Flemish model indicates a good representation of relative flood damage to housing structures, the government should establish depth-damage curves specific for Thailand.

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Kostenniemi, Julia. „Fututre flood risk in swedish cemeteries“. Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för geografi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184889.

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Cemeteries have a lot of different values, both to people but also to society. Besides from being a burial place where survivors can go to be close to their deceased, they can also function as restorative places or cultural and historical places. This study’s aim is to investigate how future changes in the climate may potentially have impacts on cemeteries in Sweden in forms of flooding and to make a rough estimation of how many cemeteries that would be affected by this. This study will also investigate how many individuals that would be affected by this. In order to investigate this an overlay analysis was done in a Geographical Information System (GIS). The results showed that there are some cemeteries that would potentially have 10% or more of the total area flooded, given the scenarios in this study. It also shows that there could potentially be a lot of individuals that would be affected, in different ways.

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Hoover, Michelle R. „The Fool and the Flood: A Journey“. ScholarWorks@UNO, 2018. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2464.

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This journey based narrative inspired by the traditional narrative of the Major Arcana cards in the tarot, centers on The Fool and his interactions with the rest of the Major Arcana. The Fool’s journey centers on memory, regaining personal power, admitting and accepting weakness, and creating a personal place in relation to a larger world. This evolution throughout the journey is explored through detailed repeating imagery and symbols drawn from a mixture of traditional tarot imagery and the author’s personal image set created for this narrative.

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Wiebe, Joshua Daniel. „Time and patterns of development of dunes subjected to sudden changes in flow depth“. Thesis, Kingston, Ont. : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/706.

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Witty, Leslie. „Shadow of Death: A Fantasy Theme Analysis of the Floyd Collins Tragedy“. TopSCHOLAR®, 2002. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/595.

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Floyd Collins, a Kentucky caver who suffered a lengthy entrapment and eventual death inside Sand Cave in 1925, has had his story told repeatedly and in numerous forms. Although the countless genres (and their historical accuracy) vary, they are basically retellings of the same story—a story filled with drama, suspense, and heroics. Because of these characteristics, the rhetoric of the Floyd Collins ordeal lent itself to examination using Bormann's (1972) fantasy theme method. By using a fantasy theme analysis to explore the saga, I advanced beyond the retellings and gained a greater understanding of why seventy-seven years after he died alone in a Kentucky cave, Floyd Collins' story survives. Specifically, this researcher identified and examined dominant rhetorical visions and communities that emerged from the tragedy and how these influenced the story's perpetuation and continued audience appeal. The method for this study consisted of collecting and analyzing rhetoric produced both during and after Collins' entrapment to reconstruct rhetorical visions. Four dominant rhetorical visions of Floyd Collins were explored: Collins as a tragic hero, Collins as a victim of greed, Collins as a devoted suitor, and Collins as an uneducated hillbilly.

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Sorg, Jonathan Earl. „FLOODPLAIN MANAGEMENT: AN INTERNSHIP WITH THE OHIO DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES' FLOODPLAIN MANAGEMENT PROGRAM“. Connect to this document online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1133361272.

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Thesis (M. En.)--Miami University, Institute of Environmental Sciences, 2005.
Title from first page of PDF document. Document formatted into pages; contains [1], v, 169, [1] p. : ill. Includes bibliographical references (p. 36).

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Bücher zum Thema "Flood depth"

Davis, Stuart A. Business depth-damage analysis procedures. Ft. Belvoir, Va: US Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Institute for Water Resources, 1985.

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Davis, Stuart A. Business depth-damage analysis procedures. Ft. Belvoir, Va: US Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Institute for Water Resources, 1985.

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Davis, Stuart A. Business depth-damage analysis procedures. Ft. Belvoir, Va: US Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Institute for Water Resources, 1985.

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Davis, Stuart A. Business depth-damage analysis procedures. Ft. Belvoir, Va: US Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Institute for Water Resources, 1985.

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Davis, Stuart A. Business depth-damage analysis procedures. Ft. Belvoir, Va: US Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Institute for Water Resources, 1985.

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Flippo, Herbert N. Technique for estimating depth of 100-year floods in Pennsylvania. Harrisburg, Pa: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1990.

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Olin, D. A. Flood-depth frequency relations for streams in Alabama. Tuscaloosa, Ala: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1986.

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Olin, D. A. Flood-depth frequency relations for streams in Alabama. Tuscaloosa, Ala: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1986.

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Olin, D. A. Flood-depth frequency relations for streams in Alabama. Tuscaloosa, Ala: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1986.

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Olin, D. A. Flood-depth frequency relations for streams in Alabama. Tuscaloosa, Ala: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1986.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Flood depth"

Barau, Aliyu, und Aliyu Sani Wada. „Do-It-Yourself Flood Risk Adaptation Strategies in the Neighborhoods of Kano City, Nigeria“. In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42091-8_190-1.

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AbstractThe urban poor in developing countries is hit hardest by climate-related extreme events such as flooding. Also, informal settlements lacking municipal support and immediate public response to flooding incur losses and thus exacerbate their sufferings. Left out or left alone, the vulnerable people from some parts of the ancient city of Kano develop their own efforts to protect themselves against the recurrent flood events. Hence, this chapter examines the nature of community-driven do-it-yourself (DIY) adaptation The data was collected through field-based surveys, interviews, and questionnaires to enable in-depth analysis of the problem from socioecological point of view. The results identified flood drivers to include the nature of surface topography, torrential rainfalls, lapses, and inadequacies in the availability of drainage infrastructure and human behavioral lapses in drainage management. On the other hand, the DIY adaptation manifests in the use of sandbags, de-siltation of drainage, construction of fences, and drainage diversions. It is important to highlight that DIY adaptation is a good strategy; however, municipal authorities must come to the aid of such communities and revisit the absence of urban planning by supporting them through capacity building to find more effective solutions to the challenges of the changing climate and environment.

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Barau, Aliyu, und Aliyu Sani Wada. „Do-It-Yourself Flood Risk Adaptation Strategies in the Neighborhoods of Kano City, Nigeria“. In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1353–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_190.

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Owusu, Kwadwo, und Peter Bilson Obour. „Urban Flooding, Adaptation Strategies, and Resilience: Case Study of Accra, Ghana“. In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 2387–403. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_249.

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AbstractDespite massive flood controlling investments, perennial flooding continues to be a major challenge in the Greater Accra Metropolitan Assembly in Ghana. Previous studies have mostly considered the vulnerability of Accra to flooding induced by urbanization and climate change. This chapter examined the impacts of and adaptation strategies to flooding in two flood-prone residential areas in Accra. A survey was conducted among 320 household heads to ascertain local impacts of floods and community adaptation strategies. To obtain a broader picture of government interventions and challenges, key stakeholders such as personnel from ministries, departments, and agencies who are involved in city planning, and private urban planning consultants were interviewed. The study found that a notable driver of floods in Accra is blocked waterways, and flawed and ad hoc engineering works. About three-quarters of the households interviewed have suffered flood-related losses over the past decade such as housing damage, income, and even a death of a relative. Key flood control interventions included dredging prior to start of rains and sporadic demolition of unauthorized buildings on or near waterways to allow free flow of water. However, these interventions only seem to be ephemeral due to the rapid rate of littering and re-siltation of the waterways after few rain events. The study highlights the need for more pragmatic and robust engineering solutions to build resilience of Accra to floods.

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Boyd, Ezra, Marc Levitan und Ivor van Heerden. „Improvements in Flood Fatality Estimation Techniques Based on Flood Depths“. In Wind Storm and Storm Surge Mitigation, 126–39. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784410813.ch11.

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Burns, Erick R., Colin F. Williams, Steven E. Ingebritsen, Clifford I. Voss, Frank A. Spane und Jacob DeAngelo. „Understanding heat and groundwater flow through continental flood basalt provinces: insights gained from alternative models of permeability/depth relationships for the Columbia Plateau, United States“. In Crustal Permeability, 137–54. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119166573.ch13.

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Cai, Yang, und Uma Arunachalam. „Interactive Floor Mapping with Depth Sensors“. In Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 19–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80091-8_3.

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Wu, Xianhua, und Ji Guo. „Urban Flood Depth-Economic Loss Curves and Their Amendment Based on Resilience: Evidence from Lizhong Town in Lixia River and Houbai Town in Jurong River of China“. In Economic Impacts and Emergency Management of Disasters in China, 191–219. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1319-7_7.

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Workman, Jameson S. „The Broken Flood of the Miller’s Tale“. In Chaucer and the Death of the Political Animal, 21–50. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137448644_2.

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Veerbeek, Willem. „Adding depth: Estimating flood damages in Dhaka“. In Estimating the impacts of urban growth on future flood risk, 151–64. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351056069-7.

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Bailey, Simon, David Cobby und David Rylands. „EA - Flood Depth Estimation System FDES v1.0“. In Real Time Flood Forecasting - Developments and Opportunities, 1–5. Thomas Telford Publishing, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/rtffdao.45255.0012.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Flood depth"

Nair, Bhavana B., und Sethuraman Rao. „Flood water depth estimation — A survey“. In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Computing Research (ICCIC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccic.2016.7919573.

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Meng, Zonglin, Bo Peng und Qunying Huang. „Flood Depth Estimation from Web Images“. In SIGSPATIAL '19: 27th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3356395.3365542.

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Van Steeg, Paul, Menno De Ridder, Alex Capel und Marcel Bottema. „Influence of water depth on wave overtopping“. In FLOODrisk 2020 - 4th European Conference on Flood Risk Management. Online: Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/floodrisk2020.1.25.

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Lima, Rolif, und Kaushik Das. „Localizing a Depth Measuring Sensor In Flood Scenario“. In MobiSys '18: The 16th Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3215525.3215536.

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Gandhi, Jinang, Sarah Gawde, Arnab Ghorai und Surekha Dholay. „Flood Water Depth Classification Using Convolutional Neural Networks“. In 2021 International Conference on Emerging Smart Computing and Informatics (ESCI). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/esci50559.2021.9397014.

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Wu, Congcong, Xuezhi Yang und Jun Wang. „Flood Detection in Sar Images Based on Multi-Depth Flood Detection Convolutional Neural Network“. In 2019 6th Asia-Pacific Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar (APSAR). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apsar46974.2019.9048485.

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Galasso, Carmine, und Sharika U. S. Senarath. „A Statistical Model for Flood Depth Estimation in Southeast Europe“. In Second International Conference on Vulnerability and Risk Analysis and Management (ICVRAM) and the Sixth International Symposium on Uncertainty, Modeling, and Analysis (ISUMA). Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413609.142.

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Fereshtehpour, Mohammad, Steven J. Burian und Mohammad Karamouz. „Flood Risk Assessments of Transportation Networks Utilizing Depth-Disruption Function“. In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2018. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784481431.014.

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Vallimeena, P., Bhavana B. Nair und Sethuraman N. Rao. „Machine Vision Based Flood Depth Estimation Using Crowdsourced Images of Humans“. In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Computing Research (ICCIC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccic.2018.8782363.

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Benoudjit, Abdelhakim, und Raffaella Guida. „Semi-automated estimation of the local flood depth on SAR images“. In 2017 IEEE 3rd International Forum on Research and Technologies for Society and Industry - Innovation to Shape the Future for Society and Industry (RTSI). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rtsi.2017.8065898.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Flood depth"

Kiefer, Jack C., und J. S. Willett. Analysis of Nonresidential Content Value and Depth-Damage Data for Flood Damage Reduction Studies. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Mai 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada319792.

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Maier, Brian, Roger Ottmar und Clint Wright. Forest floor bulk density and depth at Savannah River - Draft Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Dezember 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/969917.

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Bernard R. Parresol. Report on Analysis of Forest Floor Bulk Density and Depth at the Savannah River Site. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Oktober 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/859305.

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Howard, Adam, Jang Pak, David May, Stanford Gibson, Chris Haring, Brian Alberto und Michael Haring. Approaches for assessing riverine scour. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), Mai 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40702.

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Calculating scour potential in a stream or river is as much a geomorphological art as it is an exact science. The complexity of stream hydraulics and heterogeneity of river-bed materials makes scour predictions in natural channels uncertain. Uncertain scour depths near high-hazard flood-risk zones and flood-risk management structures lead to over-designed projects and difficult flood-risk management decisions. This Regional Sediment Management technical report presents an approach for estimating scour by providing a decision framework that future practitioners can use to compute scour potential within a riverine environment. This methodology was developed through a partnership with the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Hydrologic Engineering Center, and St. Paul District in support of the Lower American River Contract 3 project in Sacramento, CA.

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Wagner, Anna, Christopher Hiemstra, Glen Liston, Katrina Bennett, Dan Cooley und Arthur Gelvin. Changes in climate and its effect on timing of snowmelt and intensity-duration-frequency curves. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41402.

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Snow is a critical water resource for much of the U.S. and failure to account for changes in climate could deleteriously impact military assets. In this study, we produced historical and future snow trends through modeling at three military sites (in Washington, Colorado, and North Dakota) and the Western U.S. For selected rivers, we performed seasonal trend analysis of discharge extremes. We calculated flood frequency curves and estimated the probability of occurrence of future annual maximum daily rainfall depths. Additionally, we generated intensity-duration-frequency curves (IDF) to find rainfall intensities at several return levels. Generally, our results showed a decreasing trend in historical and future snow duration, rain-on-snow events, and snowmelt runoff. This decreasing trend in snowpack could reduce water resources. A statistically significant increase in maximum streamflow for most rivers at the Washington and North Dakota sites occurred for several months of the year. In Colorado, only a few months indicated such an increase. Future IDF curves for Colorado and North Dakota indicated a slight increase in rainfall intensity whereas the Washington site had about a twofold increase. This increase in rainfall intensity could result in major flood events, demonstrating the importance of accounting for climate changes in infrastructure planning.

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Flood-depth frequency relations for streams in Alabama. US Geological Survey, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri854296.

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Techniques for estimating flood-depth frequency relations for streams in West Virginia. US Geological Survey, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri874111.

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Technique for estimating depths of 100-year floods in Pennsylvania. US Geological Survey, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri864195.

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Maps showing sea-floor topography, depth to bedrock, and sediment thickness, Penobscot Bay, Maine. US Geological Survey, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/mf1751.

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Photographer falls 30 feet to his death through a skylight floor opening. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Dezember 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshsface90nj008.

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