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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Feux de forêt d'Amazonie“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Feux de forêt d'Amazonie"
Bergeron, Yves. „Les conséquences des changements climatiques sur la fréquence des feux et la composition forestière au sud-ouest de la forêt boréale québécoise“. Géographie physique et Quaternaire 52, Nr. 2 (02.10.2002): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/004768ar.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleJalal, W., B. Pinel-Alloul und G. Méthot. „Suivi à moyen terme des impacts écologiques des feux et des coupes forestières sur la communauté zooplanctonique des lacs de l'écozone boréale“. Revue des sciences de l'eau 18 (12.04.2005): 221–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705585ar.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZahira, Souidi, und Benbakar Hadj. „L’Algerie: une region mediterraneene tres sensible aux incendies de foret“. Territorium, Nr. 24 (30.03.2017): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/1647-7723_24_13.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMahler, Luc. „Feux de forêt et réchauffement climatique : la Sécurité civile face aux « méga-feux »“. Annales des Mines - Responsabilité et environnement N° 107, Nr. 3 (05.07.2022): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/re1.107.0079.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePugnet, Lilian, Luciano Lourenço und João Rocha. „L’ignition des feux de forêt par l’action de la foudre au Portugal de 1996 à 2008“. Territorium, Nr. 17 (10.08.2010): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/1647-7723_17_6.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLerat, Jean-François, und Yves Poss. „Prévention contre les feux de forêt, une ardente obligation“. Revue forestière française 73, Nr. 6 (27.10.2022): 699–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/revforfr.2021.7209.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleButor, Nicolas. „Impact des feux de forêt sur la couche d’ozone“. Pour la Science N° 547 – mai, Nr. 5 (02.05.2023): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/pls.547.0012.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCouillard, Pierre-Luc, Serge Payette, Martin Lavoie und Jason Laflamme. „La forêt boréale du Québec : influence du gradient longitudinal“. Foresterie 143, Nr. 2 (04.06.2019): 18–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1060052ar.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCHEVROU, R. B. „Modélisation de la progression des feux de forêt, phénomène chaotique“. Revue Forestière Française, Nr. 5 (1992): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/2042/26343.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRossi, Lucile. „Développement de systèmes de mesure basés sur la Stéréovision dédiés aux feux en propagation“. Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection, Nr. 201 (16.04.2014): 2–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.52638/rfpt.2013.41.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDissertationen zum Thema "Feux de forêt d'Amazonie"
Tra, Bi Zamblé Mathieu. „Polyphonie sur les médias socionumériques : le cas des interactions sur YouTube à propos des feux de forêt d’Amazonie“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCC002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study examines polyphonic enunciation in online writings, focusing on that which arises from and is induced by interactions on YouTube during the Amazon rainforest wildfires. After presenting the context and the concepts and theories related to polyphony, it proposes a methodological framework for analyzing polyphony that first captures the role of techno-semiotic, socio-economic, and psychosociological aspects of YouTube in polyphony, and then interrogates this polyphony at the level of other media actors mentioned from YouTube. This allows us to identify consistencies and changes in polyphonic configurations during our observation period and to show how these polyphonic configurations during the Amazon rainforest wildfires could be influenced by exogenous contextual variables. We also observe power dynamics when this polyphony is used as a strategy by various media actors involved in the social controversy surrounding the Amazon rainforest wildfires. This study complements previous research on editorial enunciation in screen writings by considering polyphony at both the network actors’ level and the argumentation level
Lahaye, Sébastien. „Comprendre les grands feux de forêt pour lutter en sécurité“. Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEP042/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDespite the large expenditure that is dedicated to forest fire suppression in Euro-Mediterranean countries, Australia and North-America, firefighters still face large and severe fire events which eventually entrap them. Investigation of Fire Services’ internal reports addresses here the weather and terrain leading to these dangerous fires. In France, strong wind is the main driver of the largest fires and of the fires that entrap firefighters. However, high temperature is also a key contributor as it influences violent fires with high rates of surface spread. In Australia, a lot of firefighters’ entrapments are due to shifts in wind direction, but others are associated to strong winds in rugged terrain. Whatever the regional specificities, more than 100 firefighters’ entrapments across the world were investigated to find the contribution of dynamic fire behaviors in these entrapments. The results return three different types of fires. During topography-influenced fires, in mountainous area, almost all the entrapments happen on slopes steeper than 20°, prone to flame attachment. During wind-driven fires, leeward slopes prone to vorticity-driven lateral fire spread are the most prominent configurations associated with entrapments. Finally, during convective fires, which are the most violent, entrapments can happen far away from any dangerous configuration. Firefighters should adjust their training courses and promote fire behavior analysts (FBAN) capabilities to benefit from the results of this work and improve their safety. FBAN may consider feedbacks from previous fires to suggest the most efficient and secure firefighting strategies and locations
Gaertig-Stahl, Alice. „Modèles probabilistes de feux de forêt sur des graphes infinis“. Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1884/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work is concerned with a probabilistic study of forest-fire models. The models studied here were introduced in the context of self-organized criticality at the end of the eighties. These models are systems of particles, the trees, defined on connected graphs. Their evolution is governed by two families of Poisson processes, one for the growth of trees, the other one for the ignition of trees by lightning. The influence of lightning is characterized by a parameter lambda > 0. These models were widely studied on Z. However, only the existence and uniqueness of more general infinitevolume forest-fire processes have been proven yet. In this thesis, we studied forest-fire models on Zd for d > 2 and on binary trees, in two directions. The first one is concerned with the existence of stationary measures. The second one is concerned with the study of these processes when the parameter lambda tends to zero. In the first part, we will show the existence of at least one stationary measure for forest-fire processes on Zd, d > 2, for all parameters lambda > 0. The forest-fire processes are Markov processes but not Feller processes, so the usual arguments cannot be used here. Moreover, the geometry of Zd does not allow using the same arguments as for Z. Tools developed while studying these processes on Zd will be used here. In the second part, we will study the behavior of the forest-fire processes on binary trees when the parameter lambda tends to zero. We will begin with the study of a model without any fires, in order to understand better how the clusters of trees grow. We will show a convergence in law of the number of sites of a set construct from a ball of radius and the intersecting clusters, after a time tn > 0, for processes rescaled in space and time. Then, we will add fires and define a modified forest-fire model. In this new model, apart from the cluster of the origin, the clusters evolve under a stationary measure which we expect at the limit in lambda, and not under the dynamic of the initial forest-fire model. For this model, we will show a convergence in law of the rescaled size of the cluster of the origin when it burns for the first time
Bartoli, Pauline. „Feux de forêt : amélioration de la connaissance du couplage combustible-flamme“. Corte, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CORT0016.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePelletier, Claude. „Méthodologie de détection des feux de forêt à partir d'images satellitaires NOAA“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ62002.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePlante, Caroline. „Acceptabilité visuelle et émulation des feux en forêt boréale : un compromis possible?“ Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29417/29417.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHamamousse, Nadjet. „Caractérisation des propriétés physiques des matériaux impliqués dans l'accélération des feux de forêt“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AIXM0621.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEvery year, fires devastate millions of hectares of wildland and cause serious impacts on natural, economical, and human resources. Firefighters highlighted that some forest fires behave differently; they are called flashover. These fires are characterized by a sudden acceleration. Those fires are called flashover. Such phenomenon was observed in September 2000 in Palasca where two young firefighters passed away, four were seriously injured and about 5 hectares burned in few minutes. This thesis is devoted to the characterization of the physical properties of materials that can contribute to the sudden and unpredictable acceleration of fires. First, the Small World network model was validated on a historical fire. The sensitivity analysis of the model allows identifying the most important parameters that affect the fire spread. Since the flammability depends on the fuel moisture content and the flammable volatile organic compounds, these two parameters were characterized experimentally
Moretti, Basiliu. „Modélisation du comportement des feux de forêt pour des outils d’aide à la décision“. Thesis, Corte, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CORT0007/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleModeling the spread of forest fires is a complex affair which can be examined in different ways (physical, semi-physical, empirical). Numerous simulators exist, each one bearing its own particularities, benefits and weak points. The work which has led to the writing of this thesis aims at improving the simplified physical model of fire propagation (Balbi et al, 2007), as well as at laying down the first foundation stones of what will favor an evolution towards a fire behavioral pattern. This study is based upon three main themes :• Modeling the spread of a surface fire with the main engine the radiative heat transfer. This modeling leads to achieve improvements in the formulation of its speed on flat ground, without wind. It finally led to the characterization of two criteria of extinction with characterization of critical values of two parameters (leaf area index and the water content of the fuel).• Quantification of the energy radiating from the flame front. This quantification was performed assuming the solid flame model. This approach has led to obtaining an analytical relationship for the evaluation of Admissible Safety Distance (ASD) in a very short time. • Sensitivity analysis of the different results attained in order to confirm them as a whole and identify the relative influence of various parameters
Gharbi, Chourouk. „Approches de modélisation de la planification forestière tactique et d'intégration des feux de forêt“. Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/40137.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleForest planning is a difficult task that needs important human and material efforts. Many forest planning modelsare proposed in the literature. However, their implementation is usually complex. More over, their performanceis limited to small and medium forests. The whole objective of this thesis is to propose simple and efficient tools to reduce the complexity of the forest planning using mathematical modeling. In this thesis, proposed models are applied for tactical forest planning and consider mainly two spatial restrictions that are adjacency or green-up restrictions and sustainable timber yields restrictions.In the first part, we proposed a new mathematical formulation based on integer programming to model the tactical forest planning under spatial restrictions. We solved the model with an exact method using a commercial solver. We used many real forests with different sizes. Three of them are very large forests and are located in the Mauricie region of Quebec. We evaluated the performance of the proposed model using two other formulation sexisting in the literature to model the same problem under the same restrictions. Results showed that there isno formulation that out performed others when small and medium forests are used. However, the proposed formulation out performed others when large forests are used.In the second part, we proposed two heuristic approaches to solve the same problem using large forests. The first one is a linear relaxation heuristic. We compared results obtained with the heuristic with those obtained with a commercial solver when a computational time is predefined. Results showed that the solver is more performant when mono-periods problems were solved. However, when multi-periods problems were solved, unlike ourheuristic, the solver does not find any feasible solution within the fixed computational time. The second heuristicis a size reduction heuristic which uses a shape index to control the shape of the clusters of stands. Besides its simplicity, this method is very beneficial as it reduces significantly problems size and anticipate the operational planning by eliminating non-profitable clusters. In the third part, we proposed a stochastic programming model formulated as an integrated mixed integerprogramming model for scheduling harvesting operations, which directly takes into account a fire spread model. It is a bi-level model. In the first level, we used the tactical forest planning model proposed in the first part. The second level represents the fire spread model that considers fire spread between ignition points and critical points, which could be, for example, municipalities and important road crossings. It considers multiple scenarios, which takes into account wind direction, and wind spread. The integration is possible due to a reformulation of a bi-level optimization problem where the lower level shortest path representation is written explicitly with aprimal-dual reformulation of its optimality conditions. Results based on a set of illustrative instances are presented. Results vary depending on spatial restrictions considered in the model. However, harvesting scheduled are usually allocated to delay fires reaching critical points and tends to allocate harvesting operations around critical points.
Coudour, Bruno. „Influence de la végétation et du relief dans les feux de forêt extrêmes : étude de l'accumulation, de la dégradation et des propriétés de combustion des composés organiques volatiles issus des feux de forêt“. Thesis, Poitiers, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015POIT2290/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMediterranean firefighters cope with powerful accelerations of forest fires (AFF) whose mechanisms are not very well understood. Vegetation is the only fuel of forest fire, then we studied the gases coming from them. First, we studied the thermal degradation of four Biogenic Volatil Organic Compounds (BVOCs) thanks to a flash pyrolysis and a tubular oven. From this study and literature, we chose a representative VOC mixture to study its combustion properties. We determined Minimal Ignition Energy (MIE) and its laminar burning speed of mixtures of α-pinene/benzene that are respectively the main VOC detected in vegetation and forest fire smoke. The last chapter experiment the steady-state gas accumulation above a 1/400 V-shaped forest model
Bücher zum Thema "Feux de forêt d'Amazonie"
Dequidt, Paul. Les gardiens de la forêt des ombres: Indiens d'Amazonie. Paris?]: P.Dequidt et S. Guiraud, 2005.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenLa Forêt d'Amazonie. Fleurus, 1999.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenBuchteile zum Thema "Feux de forêt d'Amazonie"
Simard, Martin. „Feux de forêt“. In Le Québec d’une carte à l’autre, 36–37. Presses de l'Université Laval, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1g24781.20.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVaillancourt, Marie-Andrée, Louis De Grandpré, Sylvie Gauthier, Martin P. Girardin, Mike D. Flannigan, Jacques C. Tardif und Yves Bergeron. „Climatologie, météorologie et feux de forêt“. In Aménagement écosystémique en forêt boréale, 83–108. Presses de l'Université du Québec, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv18ph99m.14.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleC. ROCHOUX, Mélanie, Aurélien COSTES, Ronan PAUGAM und Arnaud TROUVÉ. „Assimilation de données pour les incendies de végétation“. In Inversion et assimilation de données de télédétection, 97–132. ISTE Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9142.ch3.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGauthier, Sylvie, Alain Leduc, Yves Bergeron und Héloïse Le Goff. „La fréquence des feux et l’aménagement forestier inspiré des perturbations naturelles“. In Aménagement écosystémique en forêt boréale, 61–78. Presses de l'Université du Québec, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv18ph99m.12.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBOUISSET, Christine. „Incendies de forêt à l’heure de l’anthropocène : questions d’échelles“. In Les risques et l’anthropocène, 59–79. ISTE Group, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9041.ch2.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAbdallah, Chadi, und Claire Gillette. „Risques (I): feux de forêt, mouvements de terrain et activités humaines“. In Atlas du Liban, 66–67. Presses de l’Ifpo, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.ifpo.10872.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBerichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Feux de forêt d'Amazonie"
Initiative pour un avenir résilient face aux feux de forêt - Élaborer et mobiliser les connaissances fondamentales sur les feux de forêt - Appel à candidatures 2024 - Guide du candidat. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/st000002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleInitiative pour un avenir résilient face aux feux de forêt - Élaborer et mobiliser les connaissances fondamentales sur les feux de forêt - Budget et plan de travail du projet. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/st000006.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleInitiative pour un avenir résilient face aux feux de forêt - Programme Élaborer et mobiliser les connaissances fondamentales sur les feux de forêt - Appel à candidatures - Formulaire de demande. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/st000004.
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