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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Ferromagnetic sheets“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 25. Januar 2025

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1

Wang, Bo, San Zhang, Xinyue Chen, Fujie Wang und Baohui Xu. „Experimental and Numerical Analyses of a Novel Magnetostatic Force Sensor for Defect Inspection in Ferromagnetic Materials“. Magnetochemistry 8, Nr. 12 (07.12.2022): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry8120182.

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An innovative magnetostatic force sensor consisting of a laser source, a tiny cantilever beam, and a small permanent magnet was developed and used for defect inspection in ferromagnetic samples in the present article. The penetrating zone within a ferromagnetic material under the magnetic field provided by a permanent magnet was called the magnetic sensing zone (MSZ), and surface or internal defects within the MSZ were inspected by measuring the change in the magnetostatic force. This magnetostatic force could be calculated by the Maxwell tensor integrating over the surface and interface of a ferromagnetic material. Numerical and experimental results demonstrated that this sensor was reliable and could precisely inspect the defects of different sizes in ferromagnetic samples. In summary, the sensor proposed in this paper has the potential for industrial applications to detect surface and sub-surface tiny defects on ferromagnetic steel thin sheets, such as the zinc slag defect of hot galvanized sheets, cracks on cold-rolled sheets, and the ferromagnetic oscillation marks of continuous casting.

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2

Cauffet, G., J. L. Coulomb, S. Guerin, O. Chadebec und Y. Vuillermet. „Identification of ferromagnetic thin sheets magnetization“. COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 27, Nr. 1 (04.01.2008): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321640810836636.

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3

Shudo, Yuta, Md Saidul Islam, Hikaru Zenno, Masahiro Fukuda, Manabu Nakaya, Nurun Nahar Rabin, Yoshihiro Sekine, Leonard F. Lindoy und Shinya Hayami. „Engineering ferromagnetism in Ni(OH)₂ nanosheets using tunable uniaxial pressure in graphene oxide/reduced graphene oxide“. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 23, Nr. 42 (2021): 24233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cp03387e.

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4

Krzymień, Wiesław. „Mechanical Properties of the Package of Ferromagnetic Sheets“. Transactions on Aerospace Research 2017, Nr. 1 (01.03.2017): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/tar-2017-0006.

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Abstract The paper presents the measurement method and results as well as the results of comparative calculations aimed at determination of material data for the package of ferromagnetic sheets insulated with epoxy lacquer. During the test, the package of sheets was treated as a 3D orthotropic material. The values of Young’s and Kirchhoff’s moduli for a pre-compressed package of sheets, in accordance with the used manufacturing technology of the medium and high power electric motors’ rotors, were detennined. The carried out FEM comparative calculations confirmed that the determined mechanical parameters of the package of sheets as a 3D orthotropic material, i.e. Young’s and Kirchhoff’s moduli, for the compressive stress range of 1.0÷2.5 MPa, are included in the linear range. It was assumed that the determined mechanical properties of the package of sheets are necessary at the design stage for FEM simulation calculations of the electric motors’ vibration and strength properties. As a result of the tests, it was found that they should be repeated in order to determine the properties of other sheets or those coated with different insulating lacquer.

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5

Yoon, Im Taek, Yoon Shon, Younghae Kwon, T. W. Kang und Chang Soo Park. „Ferromagnetic properties of Mn/graphene/SiO2 sheets“. Journal of the Korean Physical Society 65, Nr. 5 (September 2014): 728–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3938/jkps.65.728.

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6

Zhao, Qi, Qing Lu, Yi Liu und Mingzhe Zhang. „Two-dimensional Dy doped MoS2 ferromagnetic sheets“. Applied Surface Science 471 (März 2019): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.12.010.

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7

Zhang, Xiangyong, Haipeng Liu, Yunli He, Tingrui Peng, Bin Su und Huiyuan Guan. „Analysis of the Influence of Ferromagnetic Material on the Output Characteristics of Halbach Array Energy-Harvesting Structure“. Micromachines 12, Nr. 12 (11.12.2021): 1541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12121541.

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Due to the particular arrangement of permanent magnets, a Halbach array has an significant effect of magnetism and magnetic self-shielding. It can stretch the magnetic lines on one side of the magnetic field to obtain an ideal sinusoidal unilateral magnetic field. It has a wide application range in the field of energy harvesting. In practical applications, magnetic induction intensity of each point in magnetic field is not only related to the induced current and conductor but also related to the permeability of the medium (also known as a magnetic medium) in the magnetic field. Permeability is the physical quantity that represents the magnetism of the magnetic medium, which indicates the resistance of magnetic flux or the ability of magnetic lines to be connected in the magnetic field after coil flows through current in space or in the core space. When the permeability is much greater than one, it is a ferromagnetic material. Adding a ferromagnetic material in a magnetic field can increase the magnetic induction intensity B. Iron sheet is a good magnetic material, and it is easy to magnetize to generate an additional magnetic field to strengthen the original magnetic field, and it is easy to obtain at low cost. In this paper, in order to explore the influence of ferromagnetic material on the magnetic field and energy harvesting efficiency of the Halbach array energy harvesting structure, iron sheets are installed on the periphery of the Halbach array rotor. Iron sheet has excellent magnetic permeability. Through simulation, angle between iron sheet and Halbach array, radian size of iron sheet itself and distance between iron sheet and Halbach array can all have different effects on the magnetic field of the Halbach array. It shows that adding iron sheets as a magnetic medium could indeed change the magnetic field distribution of the Halbach array and increase energy harvesting efficiency. In this paper, a Halbach array can be used to provide electrical power for passive wireless low-power devices.

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8

Groniecki, P., C. L. Ramiarinjaona und J. F. Rialland. „Predetermination of the magnetic characteristics of stacked ferromagnetic sheets“. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 133, Nr. 1-3 (Mai 1994): 621–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-8853(94)90638-6.

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9

Liu, Ya-Bin, Yi Liu und Guang-Han Cao. „Iron-based magnetic superconductors AEuFe₄As₄ (A = Rb, Cs): natural superconductor–ferromagnet hybrids“. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 34, Nr. 9 (15.12.2021): 093001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-648x/ac3cf2.

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Abstract Superconductivity (SC) and ferromagnetism (FM) are normally antagonistic, and their coexistence in a single crystalline material appears to be very rare. Over a decade ago, the iron-based pnictides of doped EuFe2As2 were found to render such a coexistence, primarily because of the Fe–3d multi-orbitals which simultaneously satisfy the superconducting pairing and the ferromagnetic exchange interaction among Eu local spins. In 2016, the discovery of the iron-based superconductors AEuFe4As4 (A = Rb, Cs) provided an additional and complementary material basis for the study of the coexistence and the interplay between SC and FM. The two sibling compounds, which can be viewed as an intergrowth or a hybrid between AFe2As2 and EuFe2As2, show SC in the FeAs bilayers at T c = 35–37 K and magnetic ordering at T m ∼ 15 K in the sandwiched Eu2+-ion sheets. Below T m, the Eu2+ spins align ferromagnetically within each Eu plane, making the system as a natural atomic-thick superconductor–ferromagnet superlattice. This paper reviews the main research progress in the emerging topic during the past five years. An outlook for the future research opportunities is also presented.

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10

Muddassir, Muhammad, Miro Duhovic und Martin Gurka. „A comprehensive study of metal-coated short carbon fibers, graphite particles, and hybrid fillers for induction heating“. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 33, Nr. 3 (30.10.2018): 393–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0892705718806344.

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Induction heating or welding can be performed by considering the combined effect of ferromagnetic heating due to magnetic hysteresis losses and eddy current heating due to conductive material. Nonconducting thermoplastic composite parts can be joined or welded by induction heating using a susceptor sheet filled with nickel-coated carbon fibers (NiCCFs) and nickel-coated graphite particles (NiCGPs) or both with polypropylene (PP) thermoplastic matrix. Above the percolation threshold, NiCCFs can serve as conductive materials and nickel coating will provide the ferromagnetic heating. NiCCF/PP and NiCCF/NiCGP/PP susceptor sheets were developed via melt mixing using a twin-screw extruder and sheets were produced by Calendering process. Induction heating tests were performed on a circular pancake coil and at frequencies below 1 MHz. In induction heating, fiber heating by Joule loss, junction heating (i.e. dielectric heating and contact resistance heating), as well as magnetic hysteresis effect were observed in both the cases. Heating in hybrid filler was higher at lower filler concentrations; however, with higher concentrations, heating reduced. Reduction in induction heating maybe due to a reduction in electrical conductivity was observed. Electrical conductivity was measured in fibers direction by a Keithley electrometer using a four-point measuring method and temperature was measured by an infrared thermal camera. Microstructure characterization was performed by X-ray computed microtomography and light microscopy.

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11

Göktepe, Mustafa. „Investigation of and Components of the Magnetic Flux Leakage in Ferromagnetic Laminated Sample“. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/708396.

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The magnetic flux leakage (MFL) technique is most commonly used for crack detection from iron bars, laminated sheets, and steel tubes of ferromagnetic nature. Magnetic flux leakage system induces a magnetic field and detects magnetic flux lines that “leak” or change because of a discontinuity in the magnetized area. An inductive coil sensor or a Hall effect sensor detects the leakage. Magnetic methods of nondestructive testing (NDT) depend on detecting this magnetic flux leakage field. The ferromagnetic specimen is magnetized by suitable methods, and flaws which break the surface or just the subsurface distort the magnetic field, causing local flux leakage fields. It is very important for industrial applications to detect cracks and flaws in metal parts of the steel bridges, power stations, military tools and structures, and so forth. In this study, the inspection of cracks in laminated sheets under longitudinal magnetization will be discussed in detail.

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12

Delage, M., C. Ramiarinjaona und J. F. Rialland. „Analysis of the magnetomechanical behavior of non-oriented ferromagnetic sheets“. Le Journal de Physique IV 08, PR2 (Juni 1998): Pr2–583—Pr2–586. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:19982134.

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13

Gao, Ben-Ling, Baolin Wang, Qing-Qiang Xu und Shi-Jie Xiong. „Ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic properties of the fluorinated bilayer SiC sheets“. Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures 43, Nr. 7 (Mai 2011): 1394–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2011.03.010.

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14

Boglietti, A., M. Chiampi, M. Repetto, O. Bottauscio und D. Chiarabaglio. „Loss separation analysis in ferromagnetic sheets under PWM inverter supply“. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 34, Nr. 4 (Juli 1998): 1240–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.706508.

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15

Delage-Darces, M., F. Alves, J. Moulin, A. Benchabi und M. Lecrivain. „Prediction of losses in ferromagnetic sheets: dynamic and magnetomechanical behaviors“. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 36, Nr. 5 (2000): 3460–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.908860.

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16

Roman, Andrzej, und Jan Szczygłowski. „Behaviour of ferromagnetic sheets in alternating electric and magnetic fields“. Materials Science and Engineering: B 30, Nr. 1 (Februar 1995): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-5107(94)01132-x.

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17

Meng, Bo, Wen-zhi Xiao, Ling-ling Wang, Li Yue, Song Zhang und Hong-yun Zhang. „Half-metallic and magnetic properties in nonmagnetic element embedded graphitic carbon nitride sheets“. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, Nr. 34 (2015): 22136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp03794h.

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18

Iwasaki, Fujiko, Joseph H. Yoshikawa, Hajime Yamamoto, Kiwamu Takada, Eiji Kan-nari, Masanori Yasui, Takayuki Ishida und Takashi Nogami. „TEMPO radicals showing magnetic interactions. II. 4-(Benzylideneamino)-TEMPO and related compounds“. Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science 55, Nr. 6 (01.12.1999): 1057–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108768199007326.

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X-ray crystal structure analyses were performed on 4-(Ar-methyleneamino)-TEMPO radicals at room temperature (TEMPO = 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl-1-oxyl): Ar = Ph [4-(benzylideneamino)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl-1-oxyl], 4-MeS-Ph [2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-(4-methylthiobenzylideneamino)piperidyl-1-oxyl], 4-Me-Ph [4-(4-methylbenzylideneamino)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl-1-oxyl], 4-PhO-Ph [2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-(4-phenoxybenzylideneamino)piperidyl-1-oxyl], 4-MeSO_{2}-Ph [2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-(4-methylsulfonylbenzylideneamino)piperidyl-1-oxyl], 3-Py [2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-(3-pyridylmethylideneamino)piperidyl-1-oxyl] and 2-Naph [2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-(2-naphthylideneamino)piperidyl-1-oxyl]. Structures of Ph and 4-Me-Ph derivatives were also determined at 100 K. Some of these crystals have been revealed to show intermolecular ferromagnetic interactions at an extremely low temperature. Structural features of crystals of Ph, 4-MeS-Ph and 3-Py derivatives, which show ferromagnetic interactions, are very similar to each other. In these crystals, O atoms are arranged to form a sheet. The ferromagnetic interactions are considered to be transferred through O...H van der Waals' interactions of the \beta-H atoms of the neighboring TEMPO rings within the sheet. Between O...O sheets, the aryl groups are arranged in a herringbone manner. The crystal structure of the 4-Me-Ph derivative, which shows an antiferromagnetic interaction, is also pseudo-isostructural with those of Ph, 4-MeS-Ph and 3-Py derivatives, while the arrangement of the aryl groups is different. The packing mode of the crystals of the 4-MeSO_{2}-Ph derivative, of which the Weiss constant \theta is nearly zero, is very different from those of the other derivatives showing magnetic interactions. The fact that the crystal structure of the paramagnetic 4-MeSO_{2}-Ph derivative does not show the O...O sheet structure accompanying the O...\beta-H interactions indicates that the intermolecular ferromagnetic interactions through \beta-H atoms within the O...O sheet are important for these TEMPO radical crystals.

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19

Szular, Zbigniew, und Witold Mazgaj. „Calculations of eddy currents in electrical steel sheets taking into account their magnetic hysteresis“. COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 38, Nr. 4 (01.07.2019): 1263–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-10-2018-0424.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present the method which relatively easily allows to approximate the hysteresis loop of the dynamo or transformer steel sheets. The paper also looks into the formulation of an equation allowing determination of distribution of the flux density and eddy currents in cross-section of these sheets. Design/methodology/approach An exponential function was applied in the presented method relating to the approximation of the hysteresis loop. When the field strength changes its value, then, the flux density are the sum or difference of a function, describing the lower or upper hysteresis curve and some “ransient” component. On the basis of Maxwell’s equations and Amper’s law, one non-linear differential equation was formulated which allows to calculate the flux density and eddy currents in a cross-section of a transformer sheet. Findings The method which relatively easily allows approximation of the hysteresis loop of ferromagnetic material is presented in the paper. The paper presents the derivation of one non-linear differential equation, allowing calculation of the flux density and eddy currents in the cross-section of the transformer sheets, taking into account the hysteresis phenomenon. Practical implications The paper presents the method that can be used in modeling of the hysteresis loops of dynamo or transformer sheets, and the final non-linear differential equation can be applied in calculations of the magnetic field and eddy currents in cross-section of the transformer sheets. Originality/value The paper refers to important issues of modeling and calculations of the magnetic and eddy current field distribution in transformer steel sheets.

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20

De, Debajyoti, Subham Majumdar und Saurav Giri. „Low Band Gap Co₈₀Ni₂₀@RGO Nanocomposite“. Advanced Materials Research 856 (Dezember 2013): 299–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.856.299.

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We report a novel approach of designing ordered arrangement of disorder on the extended structures of graphene. We prepared single phase nanoparticles of Co80Ni20 alloy embedded in Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO). Co80Ni20 shows a large moment and a soft ferromagnetic character like permalloy at room temperature. Temperature dependence of permittivity shows a behavior quite contrary to usual ceramic materials showing an increase with decreasing temperature, exhibiting a maximum. A very large magnitude of permittivity ~ 5000 is observed, which is possibly related to an interesting Maxwell-Wagner type effect arising from the charge localization in the graphene sheets. For a deeper insight of the mechanism, correlations with other phenomena are studied through magnetization, dc resistivity, I-V etc. investigations. Temperature dependent magnetization indicates toward strong ferromagnetic interaction and MH loop shows low coercivity ferromagnetic interaction at 4 K and even at room temperature.

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21

Stornelli, Giulia, Paolo Folgarait, Maria Rita Ridolfi, Domenico Corapi, Christian Repitsch, Orlando Di Pietro und Andrea Di Schino. „Feasibility Study of Ferromagnetic Cores Fabrication by Additive Manufacturing Process“. Materials Proceedings 3, Nr. 1 (18.02.2021): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iec2m-09241.

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Currently, the commercial production of ferromagnetic cores involves staking thin sheets of soft magnetic material, alternating with dielectric material to reduce the eddy current losses. High silicon FeSi steels show excellent soft magnetic properties. Anyway, their workability decreases Si content increases thus imposing a technological limit in the production of thin sheets up to 3.5–4% Si. The additive manufacturing (AM) process based on laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) offers the possibility to redesign the magnetic components, compared to conventional design, allowing to act on the chemical composition of magnetic materials and on the geometry of the components. In the case of FeSi alloys, the additive technology allows to overcome the limit of Si content opening new perspectives for the production of ferromagnetic cores with high magnetic performance. In this work the feasibility study on the production of FeSi magnetic steel components by L-PBF technology is reported. Two variants of FeSi steels, with Si content of 3.0 wt.% and 6.5 wt.%, were considered. The effect of process parameters on the densification of manufactured parts was investigated. The best operating window has been identified for both steel chemical compositions, in terms of laser scan speed and power.

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22

Cardelli, Ermanno, Riccardo Donnini, Antonio Faba und Simone Quondam Antonio. „Towards online evaluation of Goss-texture in grain-oriented ferromagnetic sheets“. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 473 (März 2019): 136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2018.10.060.

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23

Preis, K., W. Renhart und K. R. Richter. „A finite element formulation for eddy current carrying ferromagnetic thin sheets“. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 33, Nr. 2 (März 1997): 1173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.582462.

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24

Sharpe, Aaron L., Eli J. Fox, Arthur W. Barnard, Joe Finney, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, M. A. Kastner und David Goldhaber-Gordon. „Emergent ferromagnetism near three-quarters filling in twisted bilayer graphene“. Science 365, Nr. 6453 (25.07.2019): 605–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaw3780.

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When two sheets of graphene are stacked at a small twist angle, the resulting flat superlattice minibands are expected to strongly enhance electron-electron interactions. Here, we present evidence that near three-quarters (34) filling of the conduction miniband, these enhanced interactions drive the twisted bilayer graphene into a ferromagnetic state. In a narrow density range around an apparent insulating state at34, we observe emergent ferromagnetic hysteresis, with a giant anomalous Hall (AH) effect as large as 10.4 kilohms and indications of chiral edge states. Notably, the magnetization of the sample can be reversed by applying a small direct current. Although the AH resistance is not quantized, and dissipation is present, our measurements suggest that the system may be an incipient Chern insulator.

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25

Ohara, Hisato, Jian Sun, Makoto Hamabe, Toshio Kawahara und Satarou Yamaguchi. „Critical Current Enhancement of BSCCO Tapes in Stacked Conductors With Ferromagnetic Sheets“. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 25, Nr. 3 (Juni 2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2014.2373657.

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26

Van de Wiele, Ben, Luc Dupré und Femke Olyslager. „Memory properties in a Landau-Lifshitz hysteresis model for thin ferromagnetic sheets“. Journal of Applied Physics 99, Nr. 8 (15.04.2006): 08G101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2165585.

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27

Asih, Retno, Erik Bhekti Yutomo, Deril Ristiani, Malik Anjelh Baqiya, Takayuki Kawamata, Masatsune Kato, Isao Watanabe, Yoji Koike und Darminto. „Comparative Study on Magnetism of Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) Prepared from Coconut Shells and the Commercial Product“. Materials Science Forum 966 (August 2019): 290–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.966.290.

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Magnetism of reduced graphene oxide/rGO prepared by a green synthesis method from coconut shells (rGO-s) and the commercial product (rGO-c, ®Graphenea) have been investigated. Similar magnetic feature of a weak ferromagnetism concomitant with diamagnetic nature was observed in both samples. At 300 K, the saturation magnetization (MS) of rGO-s is approximately 14×10-3 emu/g, which is about 3 times of that observed in rGO-c (~5×10-3 emu/g). The noticeable difference in the MS is suggested due to the different concentration of oxygen-functional groups and other defects presented in the rGO sheets. The samples have similar structure and contains similar functional groups, yet rGO-s contains higher concentration of oxygen-functional groups and defects than rGO-c. A paramagnetic behavior was also indicated at low temperature. This study supports an indication of the defect-induced-magnetism in rGO and confirms that various magnetic features, such as ferromagnetic, diamagnetic and paramagnetic, can coexist in rGO.

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Zeng, Jiewei, Yunsong Xu, Shi Liang und Zhiqiang Long. „An Improved Transmissive Method of Stress Nondestructive Measurement Based on Inverse Magnetostrictive Theory for the Ferromagnetic Material“. Magnetochemistry 7, Nr. 7 (19.07.2021): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7070106.

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In order to meet the technical requirements of non-destructive measurement for the internal stress of ferromagnetic materials represented by cold-rolled steel sheets during the rolling control process, the paper presents a novel method for the nondestructive measurement of ferromagnetic materials based on inverse magnetostrictive principle. By improving the traditional U-shaped sensor, a transmissive quadrapole layout is proposed. The corresponding excitation module and fast signal processing system for dynamic measurement were developed and the test system for detecting innerstress of ferromagnetic material was constructed in the laboratory. The relationship between the magnetic flux with the principal stress was found by experimental investigation and the sensitive correlation of the two was verified under the laboratory measurement conditions without strong electromagnetic interference. The influence of measurement results by sensor parameters such as sensor angle, amplitude of excitation current, variation of air gap were discussed in detail and a method was proposed to decrease the power supply instability caused by the change of the airgap. The experimental results show that the transmission quadrupole layout makes the test system exhibit a good linear response to the internal stress in the specimen. The feasibility of the magnetic detection method of internal stresses in ferromagnetic material was verified through the experiment.

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Müller, Fabian, Gregor Bavendiek, Nora Leuning, Benedikt Schauerte und Kay Hameyer. „Consideration of ferromagnetic anisotropy in electrical machines built of segmented silicon steel sheets“. IET Science, Measurement & Technology 14, Nr. 3 (01.05.2020): 242–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-smt.2019.0348.

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30

Yamin, Sumera. „Development of measurement frame for detailed measurements of hysteresis cycles of ferromagnetic sheets“. Measurement 60 (Januar 2015): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2014.09.074.

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31

Ferlay, Sylvie, Talal Mallah, Jacqueline Vaissermann, Fernando Bartolomé, Pierre Veillet und Michel Verdaguer. „A chromium(III) nickel(II) cyanide-bridged ferromagnetic layered structure with corrugated sheets“. Chem. Commun., Nr. 21 (1996): 2481–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/cc9960002481.

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32

Ismail, Ali I., und A. A. Mubarak. „Ab initio study of the effect of hydrogen adsorption on the electronic, magnetic and optical behavior of M-graphene (M = O, F) sheet“. International Journal of Modern Physics C 29, Nr. 09 (September 2018): 1850092. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183118500924.

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Adsorption of hydrogen atoms on pure and modified graphene layers was studied by density functional theory (DFT). Modifications were made to the graphene layers by adding M adatom (M [Formula: see text] O or F). The relaxed structures, energetic, electronic and magnetic properties of the M-graphene, H-graphene and M-graphene-NH layers were studied theoretically using the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). The results showed that the presence of O or F as adatom on graphene allowed the stability of multi-H atom adsorption with a large and positive adsorption energy. A bandgap opening was observed for O-graphene-3H and O-graphene-4H sheets. Also, O-graphene, O-graphene-H and F-graphene-NH were found to have metallic behavior. O-graphene-3H sheet was found to have a half-metallic ferromagnetic behavior since its total magnetic moments is equal to an integer. In addition, the band structure shows that O-graphene-3H sheet is a semiconductor. Useful optical applications are predicted for M-graphene-NH sheet due to the absorption and reflectivity results.

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Fu, Xinxin, Qian Chen, Xinyu Chen, Liang Zhang, Aibin Yang, Yushuang Cui, Changsheng Yuan und Haixiong Ge. „A Rapid Thermal Nanoimprint Apparatus through Induction Heating of Nickel Mold“. Micromachines 10, Nr. 5 (21.05.2019): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10050334.

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Thermal nanoimprint lithography is playing a vital role in fabricating micro/nanostructures on polymer materials by the advantages of low cost, high throughput, and high resolution. However, a typical thermal nanoimprint process usually takes tens of minutes due to the relatively low heating and cooling rate in the thermal imprint cycle. In this study, we developed an induction heating apparatus for the thermal imprint with a mold made of ferromagnetic material, nickel. By applying an external high-frequency alternating magnetic field, heat was generated by the eddy currents and magnetic hysteresis losses of the ferromagnetic nickel mold at high speed. Once the external alternating magnetic field was cut off, the system would cool down fast owe to the small thermal capacity of the nickel mold; thus, providing a high heating and cooling rate for the thermal nanoimprint process. In this paper, nanostructures were successfully replicated onto polymer sheets with the scale of 4-inch diameter within 5 min.

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Vataev, Andrew S., Olga A. Dedova und Victor V. Nikitin. „Efficiency of ferromagnetic shielding of superconducting coils of high-speed maglev crew“. Modern Transportation Systems and Technologies 9, Nr. 2 (30.06.2023): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/transsyst20239219-32.

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Background: Magnetic levitation transport with combined traction, suspension and guidance systems based on superconducting coils (SCC) allows reaching speeds of up to 500600 km/h with a very significant (up to 150200 mm) air gap, which is an important factor in ensuring the safety of high-speed transportation. However, SCC are a source of strong external magnetic fields, which, in conditions of limited crew dimensions, can have a harmful effect on both passengers and on-board auxiliary equipment. Aim: to analyze the external magnetic fields of the SCC systems for traction, suspension and direction of maglev vehicles and the effectiveness of ferromagnetic screens as a means of ensuring the electromagnetic safety of passengers and the electromagnetic compatibility of the SCC with other onboard equipment. Materials and methods: to achieve this goal, methods of analytical and numerical modeling of the magnetic fields of the SCC using modern software packages were used. As a prototype of the combined magnetic system of traction, suspension and direction, the system of the MLX-L0 maglev vehicle, which is undergoing pilot commercial operation at the Yamanashi test line (Japan), was adopted. Results: it is shown that the value of the external magnetic fields of the SCC of the traction and guiding systems in the passenger cabin of the prototype crew exceeds the maximum permissible levels established by domestic and foreign regulatory documents, both without shielding and with passive shielding with flat steel sheets. Conclusion: passive shielding of the SCC with steel sheets, including multilayer ones, does not provide the required reduction in the level of external magnetic fields for a given vehicle dimensions.

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Zhang, Shuo, Xingxing Ke, Qin Jiang, Han Ding und Zhigang Wu. „Programmable and reprocessable multifunctional elastomeric sheets for soft origami robots“. Science Robotics 6, Nr. 53 (07.04.2021): eabd6107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.abd6107.

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Tunable, soft, and multifunctional robots are contributing to developments in medical and rehabilitative robotics, human-machine interaction, and intelligent home technology. A key aspect of soft robot fabrication is the ability to use flexible and efficient schemes to enable the seamless and simultaneous integration of configurable structures. Here, we report a strategy for programming design features and functions in elastomeric surfaces. We selectively modified these elastomeric surfaces via laser scanning and then penetrated them with an active particle–infused solvent to enable controllable deformation, folding, and functionality integration. The functionality of the elastomers can be erased by a solvent retreatment and reprocessed by repeating the active particle infusion process. We established a platform technique for fabricating programmable and reprocessable elastomeric sheets by varying detailed morphology patterns and active particles. We used this technique to produce functional soft ferromagnetic origami robots with seamlessly integrated structures and various active functions, such as robots that mimic flowers with petals bent at different angles and with different curvatures, low-friction swimming robots, multimode locomotion carriers with gradient-stiffness claws for protecting and delivering objects, and frog-like robots with adaptive switchable coloration that responds to external thermal and optical stimuli.

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Di Gerlando, Antonino, und Claudio Ricca. „Analytical Modeling of Magnetic Air-Gap Field Distribution Due to Armature Reaction“. Energies 16, Nr. 8 (07.04.2023): 3301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16083301.

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The following paper presents an analytical study of the air-gap magnetic field distribution produced by the armature reaction of a linear machine. Based on the method of images, the magnetic field generated by a current carrying conductor inside the air-gap between two smooth infinitely permeable iron surfaces is modeled as a complex 2D function. The conductor model then becomes a current sheet model and horizontally oriented current sheets are used to model the magnetic field produced by the armature reaction for smooth ferromagnetic surfaces. Focus will be given to the study of the slot opening function in front of energized slots in comparison to the not energized ones of the classical theory pointing out some remarkable differences. Later, the model is extended to slotted geometries using a complex slotting function adapted for energized slots. At last, the Maxwell tensor expressed in complex formulation will be integrated to obtain the force components acting on the machine tooth tips, quantities that will be compared with FEM simulations in order to validate the proposed analytical model.

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Steentjes, S., S. E. Zirka, Y. I. Moroz, E. Y. Moroz und K. Hameyer. „A simplified model of ferromagnetic sheets considering the magnetization dynamics utilizing the saturation wave model“. Journal of Applied Physics 115, Nr. 17 (07.05.2014): 17D114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4861682.

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Dupré, Luc, Frank Olyslager und Jan Melkebeek. „Macroscopic fields in thin ferromagnetic sheets taking into account eddy currents and Landau–Lifshitz magnetization“. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 272-276 (Mai 2004): 717–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.11.259.

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Chen, Guo Hua, und Hai Tao Tang. „Preparation and Characterization of Graphene Nanoplatelet/Magnetite Compound Powders“. Advanced Materials Research 284-286 (Juli 2011): 464–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.284-286.464.

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Graphene nanoplatelet（GN）/ Magnetite compound powders with magnetite nano-particles coated on the surface of graphite sheets has been successfully prepared by the wet-chemical co-precipitation. The effects of reaction temperature and mole ratio of Fe2+/Fe3+ on ultimate products were investigated. It has been found that excellent magnetite/GN compound powders were obtained at 30 °C with the Fe2+/Fe3+ mole ratio of 5:1. The composition, structure and the electric and magnetic properties of products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, vibrating-sample magnetometer and four-point probe resistivity measurement.The compound powders have also exhibited the ferromagnetic properties at room temperature.

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Monzel, C., und G. Henneberger. „Temperature solver for highly nonlinear ferromagnetic materials for thin moving sheets in transversal flux induction heating“. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 38, Nr. 2 (März 2002): 937–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.996241.

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Drabek, Tomasz, Dawid Kara, Tomasz Kołacz, Tomasz Lerch und Jerzy Skwarczyński. „Measurement Tests and FEM Calculations of DC Excited Flux Switching Motor Prototype“. Energies 14, Nr. 14 (19.07.2021): 4353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144353.

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The paper presents the results of laboratory tests and FEM 2D calculations of the DCEFSM (Direct Current Excited Flux Switching Machine) electric motor prototype, made based on the stator ferromagnetic sheets of the induction motor. Static measurements of torques, currents, power, efficiency, electromotive forces, and voltages of the motor under various operating conditions were performed, as well as the recordings of its currents and back-EMFs waveforms. FEM calculations of measured values were also performed. The obtained results allow us to conclude that the motor has the operating properties of an under-excited synchronous cylindrical motor and can be vector controlled like the PMSM motor. The results of measurements and calculations indicate the need to redesign the magnetic circuit of the stator.

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Hauser, Hans. „Energetic model of ferromagnetic hysteresis 2: Magnetization calculations of (110)[001] FeSi sheets by statistic domain behavior“. Journal of Applied Physics 77, Nr. 6 (15.03.1995): 2625–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.358727.

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Hoi, Bui Dinh, Mohsen Yarmohammadi, Kavoos Mirabbaszadeh und Hamidreza Habibiyan. „Spin- and valley-dependent electrical conductivity of ferromagnetic group-IV 2D sheets in the topological insulator phase“. Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures 97 (März 2018): 340–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2017.11.013.

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Kramer, John J. „Nucleation and growth effects in thin ferromagnetic sheets: A review focusing on surface energy-induced secondary recrystallization“. Metallurgical Transactions A 23, Nr. 7 (Juli 1992): 1987–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02647546.

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AFANASYEV, Alexander A., Valery S. Genin, Vladimir A. VATKIN, Vyacheslav V. EFIMOV, Artem I. MALININ und Dmitry A. TOKMAKOV. „Analytical and Numerical Simulation of Magnetoelectric Valve Motors“. Elektrichestvo 6, Nr. 6 (2021): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24160/0013-5380-2021-6-72-78.

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An analytical method for calculating the magnetic field of a magnetoelectric valve motor is proposed, based on the tearing of its active region into a set of geometrically homogeneous bands, at the boundaries of which the conditions for the conjugation of their magnetic fields are met: scalar magnetic potentials and normal components of magnetic induction do not undergo a jump (break). If the magnetic sheets of the windings, for calculation convenience, are located at the boundaries of the specified bands, then the magnetic potentials at the boundaries will have a jump by the value of the total current of the magnetic sheet. To increase the accuracy of the calculation, you should increase the number of bands (sampling) of the active region. When using the computational technology of Fourier variables separation, the conjugation conditions will be reduced to solving a system of linear equations to find the corresponding Fourier constants. As sources of the magnetic field of the motor, in addition to permanent magnets and stator winding currents, the magnetization of the ferromagnetic sections of its magnetic circuit is proposed. The results of magnetic field calculation by this analytical method are compared with the data of the numerical simulation of the considered machine based on the mathematical program ELCUT 6.3.

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Faba, Antonio, und Simone Quondam Antonio. „An Overview of Non-Destructive Testing of Goss Texture in Grain-Oriented Magnetic Steels“. Mathematics 9, Nr. 13 (01.07.2021): 1539. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9131539.

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Grain oriented steels are widely used for electrical machines and components, such as transformers and reactors, due to their high magnetic permeability and low power losses. These outstanding properties are due to the crystalline structure known as Goss texture, obtained by a suitable process that is well-known and in widespread use among industrial producers of ferromagnetic steel sheets. One of the most interesting research areas in this field has been the development of non-destructive methods for the quality assessment of Goss texture. In particular, the study of techniques that can be implemented in industrial processes is very interesting. Here, we provide an overview of techniques developed in the past, novel approaches recently introduced, and new perspectives. The reliability and accuracy of several methods and equipment are presented and discussed.

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Backs, Alex, Simon Sebold, Matteo Busi, Wai Tung Lee, Markus Strobl und Dmytro Orlov. „Development and first results of a magnetic sample environment for polarized neutron imaging of thin metal sheets“. EPJ Web of Conferences 286 (2023): 05003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202328605003.

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Polarized neutron imaging brings the great advantage of analyzing bulk magnetic properties with good spatial resolution. The technique is based on the interaction of the neutron spin with magnetic samples or free magnetic fields and observing the changes to a spin-polarized neutron beam. The high sensitivity to even small magnetic fields is a benefit in obtaining magnetization information but simultaneously a challenge in instrumentation, since magnetic environments for the polarized neutron beam and for the sample, as well as the fringe field from the magnetic sample itself all affect the measurement and can give rise to unwanted effects. We have used finite element simulations and ray tracing simulations, to design and analyze a magnetic sample environment devised for the measurement of ferromagnetic metal sheets. Here we show an analysis of performance of the experimental setup based on the simulation results and compare them to first experimental results on a grain oriented silicon steel sample.

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Devlin, Kasey P., Nasrin Kazem, Julia V. Zaikina, Joya A. Cooley, Jackson R. Badger, James C. Fettinger, Valentin Taufour und Susan M. Kauzlarich. „Eu11Zn4Sn2As12: A Ferromagnetic Zintl Semiconductor with a Layered Structure Featuring Extended Zn4As6 Sheets and Ethane-like Sn2As6 Units“. Chemistry of Materials 30, Nr. 20 (21.09.2018): 7067–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b02749.

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Sheiko, L., A. Sadovoy, Yu Troschenkov und O. Kulyk. „Influence of grain boundaries on orientation of spontaneous magnetization inside domains in the Fe-3%Si ferromagnetic sheets“. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 35, Nr. 14 (02.07.2002): 1765–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/35/14/318.

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Deldar, Shayan, Marek Smaga und Tilmann Beck. „Investigating the fatigue behavior of grain-oriented Fe-3%Si steel sheets using magnet-optical Kerr microscopy and micromagnetic multiparameter, microstructure and stress analysis“. MATEC Web of Conferences 165 (2018): 06006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201816506006.

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Fatigue is considered as a reason for a significant number of mechanical failures of engineering materials. Conventionally, microstructural investigations along with stress-strain hysteresis measurements are performed to understand and characterize the fatigue behavior of metallic materials. Moreover, further physical data like temperature, electrical resistance and, in the case of ferromagnetic materials, magnetic properties can be used for a comprehensive characterization of fatigue process. The present work has employed Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect (MOKE) microscope and Micromagnetic Multiparameter, Microstructure and stress Analysis (3MA) system to illustrate magnetic domain structure and various intrinsic magnetic properties including magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN) of the investigated material. In order to investigate the influence of the mechanical deformation processes on the magnetic parameters, samples were produced out of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheets and were subjected to a tensile test as well as a cyclic strain increase load test with R = 0 at ambient temperature.

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