Dissertationen zum Thema „Féminisme et éducation – France – 1870-1914“
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Fabre, Mélanie. „La craie, la plume et la tribune : trajectoires d'intellectuelles engagées pour l'école laïque (France, années 1880-1914)“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021EHES0106.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWork under the supervision of Vincent Duclert and Rebecca Rogers. This work is at the crossroads between intellectual history, history of education and women’s and gender history. Its goal is to analyse the course of life of around ten female public intellectuals as well as their commitment on behalf of secular [laïque] instruction. This work studies the period between the enactment of the school laws [lois scolaires] in the 1880s and the First World War, when the debates around secular school reach their peak in France. The goal is to analyse how several women become considered as public intellectuals. To do so, it is required to analyse how they get access to learned culture and to study the way they use their educational capital and their professional experience in the field of instruction to express a personal critical opinion in the public sphere. This study will analyse their contribution to the debates when secular instruction is a very controversial matter in a context of competition between secular school and Catholic school. The Dreyfus Affair plays a role in the commitments of these female public intellectuals because it questions the purposes of secular instruction and popular education and contributes to the rebuilding of the republican political culture. In the same way, the feminist thrust which appears at the end of the xixth and the beginning of the xxth century encourages these female intellectuals to question the scholastic institution. This work follows in the footsteps of several women, who were left in the shadow by historians, but who committed themselves in their job as teachers, as well as by taking up a pen to express their viewpoints on controversial matters and, sometimes, by coming to the tribune
Launay, Florence. „Les compositrices françaises de 1789 à 1914“. Rennes 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN20058.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis research reveals a hidden aspect of the history of nineteenth-century French music, the activity of women in the field of musical composition. The resistance of nineteenth-century society toward female intellectual activity at a high level confined the majority of women with creative ambitions to mediocrity. The musical education given to women was defined above all in terms of limitations : access to many instruments and subjects was difficult. The female aims in life, marriage and maternity in the restricted world of the home, encouraged musical activities at an amateur level. But in some cases the conjunction of talent and supportive environment and the progress of feminine education throughout the century allowed women to become professional composers. They expressed themselves in all musical genres, leaving outstanding contributions which are examinated here in detail
Thivend, Marianne. „L'école et la ville : Lyon, 1870-1914“. Lyon 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO20092.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis examines connections between the transformation of schools and the surrounding urban environment from 1870 to 1914. In the context of a large city, such as lyons, which undergoes important demographic, economic, social and urban changes in the late nineteenth century, the public school, reorganized by the ferry's laws in the 1880s, must meet new challenges. This study analyzes the processes of construction and of integration of schools into particular neighborhoods within the city. The study begins by focusing on the types and provisions of schools - the supply side. The educational policies of the republican municipal government concentrated on improving the school system: for example, building specific types of schools ("groupe scholaire"), increasing the number of classrooms and teachers, enhancing teachers' skills, reinforcing early educational networks ("nursery school", "elementary school" and "ecole primaire superieure"). Did these policies meet the changing needs of their constituents ? in other words, did policies regarding schooling respond adequately to transformations in the urban environment, precede them or simply adapt as best they could ? secondly, the day-to-day activities of the school and of those who demand its services are investigated. To understand how the school is integrated in urban life, this study traces the experiences and expectations of those who give life to the institution : pupils, families and teachers. Whether in working class neighborhoods on the outskirts of the city or in more centrally-located middle-class districts, the attitudes and behaviors of families towards schools vary widely. Teachers also confront different challenges when faced with students of particular academis skills and social characteristics. An analysis of the social composition of student populations at several schools, as well as of the itineraries of teachers and students within the school system, provides for an understanding of how "reputations" are built
Vial, Monique. „Les origines de l'enseignement spécial en France : histoire et enjeux d'une loi scolaire, les racines de la psychologie à l'école (1882-1909)“. Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05H055.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFrom sources of the time (educational reviews and congresses, litterature on abnormal children, parlementary documents, records), the thesis examines the validity of traditionally recognized historical constructions, and critical theories of the left, after 1968. It shows : 1) that the creation of special classes in 1909, and the elaboration of the notion of "debilite mentale" by Binet and Simon do not come from a request of the school, related to the compulsory education; 2) that the conflicts observed at that time, concerning abnormal children cannot be reduced to a simple rivality between physicians and psychologists or psychopedagogues; 3) that the creation of special classes is a multiple and contradictory project, which cannot be interpreted in a simple socio-political way. These questions are studied by the author as a special education specialist and in the light of her marxist ideology. Her results tend to show that a new critical approach is possible, based on the analysis of Binet and Simon's researches, and on a confrontation between the notion of "debilite mentale" and the actual treatment of school problems. The thesis concluded with a question about the way history of special education has been written. In particular, it tries to show h ow it is possible that, in France as well as in others countries, the historical models elaborated during more than half a century appear not to coincide with the data collected
Orizet, Hélène. „Le service public de l'éducation nationale sous la troisième République“. Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT3024.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleObservers of the French national education system could come to just one conclusion: it is a public service. However, its composite elements have never come under review. This study aims to do just that, by exploring its history and foundations. Our journey takes us back to the Third Republic, when the French national public education system was the subject of a political speech for the very first time. It was given by the Republicans, who wanted to show their audience that national education really did exist as a public service, while legal experts confirmed its existence without offering proof. It would appear, however, that the national public education system existed only through political and legal declarations, by which the authorities set out to create it, if only from an intellectual perspective. For its designers, the most important element was to make the beneficial, and therefore democratic, actions of the government tangible. And yet such an understanding is based on historical falsehoods. The positioning of the national education system as a public service conceals the administrative reality of the State as educator. This is because it was necessary to hide the social order production mechanisms, as well as power, in order to ensure a long life for the Republic. The discourse of the national public education service also legitimizes the right by which the administration of public Instruction is preserved. That means declaring the acquired fiduciary value of a reputed public service, as much as expressing the close relationship between ideology and the law
Lelièvre, Claude. „Développement et fonctionnement des enseignements post-élémentaires dans la Somme de 1850 à 1914 : mise à l'épreuve des théories relatives aux appareils idéologiques d'État“. Paris 5, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA05H021.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDéloye, Yves. „La citoyenneté au miroir de l'école républicaine et de ses contestations : Politique et religion en France XIX-XX siècle“. Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010298.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleApproaching citizenship from a sociological angle, the thesis sets about to realize the invention of this form of division of the political work, of its form of existence, and of the resistance it has historically met in france from 1880 to 1914. The analysis of the content in moral and civic instruction manuels in usage in the public and private schools prove the existence of two antagonistic representations of citizenship. Very cleary differentiated from the catholic culture which was dominent up to this date, the republican citizenship rests on an optimistic and rational conception of man which autorizes him to regulate, in an autonomous fashion, his passions. This moral autonomy permits the national identity to be diffrenciated from the catholic referent, in which is was traditionally mixed. Not subscriving to the principal of political autonomy, the church and the principal representatives of the catholic elite will refuse to adhere to this novice conception of a social and political link. They will contest the division operated by citizenzhip between the social man, engaged in life, the citizen belonging to the national community and the christian living his faith in the hope of salvation. Civicism and catholicism remains therefore inextricably linked. This refutation of the whole moral economy diffused by the public primary school teachers rests on a pessimistic conception of man. As a result of nature, man is only able to be moral when he is constrained by a metasocial power. God. The moral logic of salvation which forbids the emancipation of the citizen from the religions community which continues to form the basis for thre civic connection
Mercier, Delphine. „L'Inspection primaire, l'enseignement de l'histoire et de l'instruction morale et civique : 1880-1914“. Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040207.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleQuincy-Lefebvre, Pascale. „De l'enfance insoumise a l'enfance difficile : regards et pratiques correctives des parents : entre familles et institutions dans les milieux populaires des villes (1880-fin des annees trente)“. Paris 7, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA070099.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe judgement on deviancy, when indicting a child's behvior, may be established by different kinds of institutions. Aside from the representations of the judges, the doctors, the philantropists, the school teachers. . . , there are those of the families through the portraits of "refractory" or more widely "difficult"children. On the subject of "families", "institutions and difficult child", two main directions were favored. First, this study took an interest in the representations of the "difficult child" through the discourse given by the "entrepreneurs of moral standards" and by the families. Those approaches reveal the weight of some interactions. The definitions given by the parents show the importance of permanencies. Nevertheless, some evolution may be noticed, going progressively in the direction of the broadening of the deviancy figures retained by the parents. Stigmatization of the bad pupil's behavior is one the forms taken by this broadening. Secondly, the research focused on the family's reactions to the presence of the problematic child. The private means of correction and the strategies of opening on to other institutions were studied. The period chosen shows the external authorities being less willing to justify the families' represessive quest. The logic of assistance is the one prevailing, being sought by some parents
Kukułka-Wojtasik, Anna. „Vie scolaire et creation en france, d'apres l'exemple d'ecrivains francais de la premiere moitie du xxe siecle“. Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040156.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe objective of the dissertation is to analyse the influence of the education in the development of the writers' creative personality. We refer to the generation of those french writers who acquired education between 1870 - 1914. Then the curriculum of grammar schools remained largely inchanged. Fifty one authors under examination shared the same set of ideas derived from the school curriculum. We have examined nine prose writers and poets chosen according to the following criteria: literary fame, ways of acquiring education, and the number of works dealing with childhood. Subsenquently, we discuss andre gide, francois mauriac, roger martin du gard, pierre drieu la rochelle, francis jammes, georges duhamel, marcel pagnol, alain-fournier and louis-ferdinand celine. The dissertation examines the school system from the point of view of its subject - the student. The analysis concentrates on various factors of gaining knowledge by the future writer: the child's social and cultural milieu, family upbringing, especially public school system. We present the influence of the teachers, of the subjects taught, as well as the role of other students, often decisive in the development of the future writer. The period under consideration reaches the first literary work published by the given writer. The influence of the school years can be felt not only in the formation of the creative personality but also in the subject and form of his work. Accepting or rejecting the programme of humanist studies taught in grammar schools, the writers seem refer to the moral and aesthetic values propagated in those studies
Personné, Laurence. „L'enseignement du dessin dans l'école primaire et secondaire publique de la Troisième République (1870-1914) : contribution à l'invention d'un nouveau citoyen“. Lille 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LIL20014.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe teaching of drawing appeared as a new branch of education at the end of the xixth century, when it was legally integrated into all primary and secondary lay schools. Displaying procedures and contents of the impregnation of this school subject by ideologies of this period, historical sociology of the special system for teaching of drawing proves that this branch helped the young to learn how to become "good" citizens. Firstly, definitions of drawing and its teaching showed the will of the intellectual and political authorities to change the individual artistic act into a real school subject. This resolution was included in programs, which imposed an object, an aim, and a special teaching method in the teaching of drawing. Secondly, the appearence of the teaching of drawing into the educational system showed the difference between the political intention theorized in the legal texts and the real practice of drawing lessons. At the beginning of the xxth century, this difference came home to authorities and instigated a new consideration about the education of teachers and the evolution of the programs. Finally, permeability of teaching of drawing to scientific theories and important social and political debates allowed it to spread republican theories of mother country and citizenship
Lee, Eunyoung. „Au plaisir de savoir : l'invention des conférences populaires : Paris 1860-1914“. Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0037.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePopular lectures, which proliferate in Paris between the mid-19th century and the eve of the Great War, are an excellent observatory for understanding the changes occuring in the representations of knowledge and its uses, when the mass emerge as a cultural client. Promoted by elites anxious to raise the level of mass culture, lectures are submitted to the requirements of both a serious and democratic recration for their organisation. The organizational policy must strenthen the public's fancy he is indulging in a pleasant distraction. By mutating into lecturers, holders of knowledge respond to a social demand for a popularization of knowledge. Among them emerge lecturers adulated by their public, who prefer a familiar figure rather than an austere authority. Among them emerge lecturers adulated by their public, who prefer a familiar figure rather than an austere authority. Coming from various social backgrounds, of both sexes, this mixed audience where one meets each other drivent by a commun desire for knowledge forms a new soda scene by its very melting. Thus develop new ways of appreciating knowledge and claiming one's pleasure at the audience seat. The set of mutations affects social representations of knowledge and generates a new intellectual sensibility among the common people : the pleasure of knowing and the joy of learning
Beauvalet, Franck. „L'enseignement primaire et les œuvres post et périscolaires dans le département de l'Eure sous la IIIe République“. Rouen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ROUEL005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBetween 1879 and 1889, the Republicans voted the landmark educational laws finalizing the movement in favour of instruction that had developed all throughout the century. Composed, among others, of the triptych free, compulsory, secular education, as well as the Goblet laws, these texts constituted the beginning of a new era. From then on, school progress meant a better life. In order to carry their project through to a successful conclusion, the Republicans benefited from the League of Education's support. Taking as an example Eure, this thesis aims to highlight how the primary order was built in this area under the Third Republic. After having given a review of the situation of primary education at the end of the Second Empire, we then focused on how the founding texts had been enforced and which consequences they had had on the elementary, nursery-school and post elementary networks. Next by studying themes such as the training at the Teacher Training College, the curriculum implemented, the certificate given after an examination at the end of an elementary course of studies, the relation between the teachers and their superiors or the structuring of the teaching profession, we depicted the reality of what being a teacher could be. Finally, we widened our study to further and extracurricular institutions, school celebrations, as well as to the societies of popular instruction and education in order to measure their roles and contributions. This reasoning enabled us to define the new primary order in Eure and to show its progress but also its limits
Meng, Yali. „Entre sentiment et raison : l'éducation morale et civique à l'école laïque dans la République en France (1870-1914)“. Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20102.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe French Republic is closely linked to the principle of democracy : the First Republic has achieved national sovereignty; the Second Republic has introduced universal male suffrage, granting the right to vote to citizens, rich or poor, and allowing them to participate as equals in political affairs. The specificity of the Third Republic consists in that it is to be rooted in the mores and thus preserves the achievements bequeathed by its predecessors, using national education, in other words, the free and compulsory education and secular school instituted by the "Ferry laws". The "moral and civic education", which replaces the "moral and religious education", is a crucial measure to train children from disadvantaged backgrounds to republican democracy. Religion becomes a private and family matter. Parents have the right to introduce their children to believe or not to believe, and send them to practice any religion, following their own desires. The public school, independent of the Church, deals with scientific knowledge that is essential to each child at school age. Teachers are freed from religious education, now entrusted to the Ministers of Religion, which is the whole revolution for Jules Ferry. However, secular school is not relieved of moral education. Since children attached to various religious denominations may receive equal education, what morality will be taught in public school? What role will play the teachers in the training of citizens for republican democracy? Which teaching methods will be suggested? We use mainly three categories of sources to answer these questions: Jules Ferry’s speech in 1881-1882 relating to free, compulsory and secular primary education, major journals on education between 1870 and 1914, and the textbooks used in secular schools
Quirin, Hémont Isabelle. „La germanisation par l'école en Alsace-Moselle et en Poznanie : une politique coloniale ?“ Thesis, Tours, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUR2026/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOver a period of nearly five hundred years , i.e. between the proclamation of the German Empire in 1871 and the defeat in 1918, 3 French annexed départements and the Grand Duchy of Poland (also called Posen) - itself under Prussian domination-, have been submitted to hard campaigns of germanization. School was the main vector. In addition to school books, a number of fictional writings or written memories helped to mark that German print in the minds, but researchers know little about this literature though it helps to appreciate the importance of the phenomenon in the short but also in the long run when a comparison is made between the two provinces concerned. A century later, the culturalists' interest is aroused by the testimonies gathered on this subject in its historical context. This work aims at presenting in what way the concept of colonisation can be applied to germanization, particularly regarding the germanization of the school. We will also examine whether the school politics applied in the west and the east of Europe are similar and if they can be compared to those applied abroad. What was the outcome for the youth in the populations concerned, for those who attended the Prussian educational system facing the possible risk of being torn apart between a sense of national allegiance and their cultural identity? Can this feeling be assimilated to a post colonial syndrome?
Matasci, Damiano. „L'école républicaine et l'étranger : acteurs et espaces de l'internationalisation de la « réforme scolaire » en France (1870 - première moitié du XXe siècle)“. Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://books.openedition.org/enseditions/3851.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis dissertation focuses on the internationalization of the « school reform » in France between 1870 and the first half of the 20th century. The aim is to rethink the history of the "école républicaine", mainly written from a national perspective, by examining the interactions between the construction of the french school system and foreign experiences. The dissertation is organized in three parts and explores the complex system of exchanges, contacts and borrowings wich participated in the construction of the modern school system. The first two parts analyze the production of knowledge on foreign school systems, the construction of school models and the role of french reformers within the educational international movement during the second half of the 19th century. The third part examines the uses of foreign references and the impact of the international circulation of pedagogical ideas in the setting up of primary and secondary education in France. The last chapter analyses the evolution of the internationalization process during the interwar period, and more precisely the action of international networks and organizations in the educational field. By crossing sources of several national archives, this dissertation thus contributes to place the history of French education in the European context
Chanet, Jean-François. „L'école républicaine et les petites patries : enseignement primaire et sentiment d'appartenance en France sous la IIIe République (1879-1940)“. Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010511.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleStuddying the history of felibrige in the cantal, i could observe the active part taken by teachers in the development of regionalistic erudition. Where did they come from ? Why did they take part in such a movement, seemingly in conflict with the exclusive nationalism they were assumed to defend ? How could it be that they had been allowed to write and publish dialect studies or narratives, ever since they have been eleves-maitres at ecole normale? Why did most of the primary school inspectors and the chief education officers never strive to stop them? These questions led me to examin the history of the teaching profession and of its recrutement throughout france. There are fewer studies about the range of conditions and customs peculiar to primary education than works on the laws of its organization. Where does the reason for such a dissymmetry lie, if not in the following opinion : once the laws of the 1880's had passed, neither their mode of enforcement nor variety in the teachers' practices, according to their origins and the different local habits and customs, did undermine equality in primary education and national unity. Drawing up, as roland dorgeles said, the "cadastre litteraire" of primary education, this doctoral thesis aims at enhancing our knowledge of the reasons why and the means by which primary state education insured protection and illustration of long-standing regional personalities in france between 1879 and 1940
Olivier-Messonnier, Laurence. „Guerre et littérature de jeunesse française (1870-1919)“. Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CLF20003.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCoutant, Paulette. „Les Arméniennes de l'Empire ottoman à l'école de la France (1840-1914) : stratégies missionnaires et mutations d'une société traditionnelle“. Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0129.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThroughout the study of the education of young Armenian girls, this piece of work allows light to be thrown on the cultural and social evolution of one of the minorities of the ottoman Empire, before its disappearance after the genocide of 1915. At the beginning of the 19th century, the American Protestant missionaries were pioneers in guidance of young women at the moment when the Armenian elite showed itself equally concerned about the nation's progress through education. The French Catholic Congregationallsts, present for centuries with the Eastern Christians, are trying to react to this vigorous competition. They made an appeal to nuns from the provinces of France who were capable of adapting themselves to precarious situations. To engage with the families, shape the young girl, a future mother, is to allow the implanting of catholic culture with the French tradition. The chronological framework, from 1840 to 1915, covers the whole period of presence of female missions whose actions were less studied than those of male orders. The research relies on the public archives (diplomatic and national) and above all religious from the relative orders (Ladies of Sion, Franciscaines of Lons-le-Saunier, Oblates of the Assumption, Sisters of St Joseph of the Apparition, Sisters of St Joseph of Lyon, Capucines, Brothers of Christian schools, Jesuits at Vanves and in Rome, missionary Pontifical works at Lyon), the most frequently unexploited along with the press and witnesses of the time. Pillars of the French Catholic establishments in rural areas in western Anatolia but also those of large metropolitan areas, very many Armenian women acquired a dual Franco-Armenian culture, becoming in this way the vehicles for the absorption of French knowledge and culture in the establishment, and further into the society of the Ottoman Empire which was coming to the end. Some themes of a more general view are tackled : the strategies of monks and nuns to implant themselves and last in Muslin territory faced with the restrictions of Ottoman power, the blossoming of elite young girls open to modernity. In 1920, a page was turned with the disappearance of missionary schools in Anatolia at the same time as the disappearance of Christians in this place
Boudaya, Olfa. „Parents indignes et enfants en danger : profils et destins des enfants moralement abandonnés de la Seine (1881-1914)“. Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040041.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTo take care of minors of both sexes beyond the common forms of socialization (family, school and vocational apprenticeship), public assistance in Paris created, in 1881, the service of children in moral danger following the philanthropy patronage of popular milieu adolescents. Arrested for vagrancy, begging, stealing, prostitution, these victims/offenders are led to correction centres. Conceived by justice/assistance cooperation, the administrative patronage introduced preventive education for children placed voluntarily by their parents and educable justice juveniles. The profiles of these minors indicate precariousness within families and educational deficiencies or parental abuse and juvenile deviance. In order to guarantee removal and re-education of abused or young in moral danger, the 1889 law allows the courts to deprive the unworthy parents from their parental authority and organize the administrative guardianship after divestiture. Becoming wards of the assistance, these children fall within the foster, professional or industrial placement. This normative framework argues for social integration devices (family, discipline, work, and thrifts) while vocational, preservation or reform schools provide special education respectively for disciplined, difficult or vicious wards. When they grow up, pupils are destined to domesticity as servants or local activities, although, some of them succeed to achieve a promising professional career. Facing integration difficulties and frustrations, the link of guardianship may be broken before the majority either by adolescents and young escape, by parent’s removal requests or by exclusion for delinquency
Simon, Elisabeth. „Classe et genre : l’idéal d’une éducation égalitaire pour tous : l’exemple de Fécamp (1806-1906)“. Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMLH05/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe promise of equality for all in education at the time of the Revolution will not be achieved in the following years. France does not have the means to set up education for its ambitions. With Napoleon and the return of the monarchy, the congregations find the privileged position they held under the old regime to supplement these deficiencies. The two main obstacles to equality that are socially and gender difference, and solutions to address these brakes, are studied in this thesis based on the concrete example of the maritime city of Fécamp (Seine maritime, France) from 1806 to 1906 where three congregations, the sisters of Providence of Rouen, the Christian brothers and the sisters of Saint Vincent de Paul, shared education (through schools and orphanages) with teachers and laic personnel
Kheir, Mayyada. „Le vocabulaire de la laïcité de Guizot à Ferry“. Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0029.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study focuses on the birth of the vocabulary of laïcité in XIXth century French public discourses. Borrowing the concept of set phrase (formule) from discourse analysis, it focuses on the compounds of the adjective laïque, which at the time ceases to refer only to non-clerics, and starts meaning a gênerai objective of religious neutrality. The corpus consists of three debates in parliamentary assemblies and in journals: about the freedom of teaching and petits seminaires in 1844 ; about Falloux Law in 1849-1850; and about Republican Laws (mostly on school System) in early 1880s. At each step, the thesis studies the context of the debates; describes and explains the uses laïque and akin terms, depending of the moments and positions; gives an account of alternative words (neutre, civil, seculier. . . ); and inserts these lexical issues in generai argumentations. Through lexical history, this work intends to contribute to the history of French religious policies, politics and education
Gwet, Ghislaine Ariane. „L'école au Cameroun pendant les périodes coloniales allemande et française et leur retombée sur la situation actuelle“. Thesis, Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0008.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis deals with the school issue in Cameroon during the German and French colonial periods, as well as their impact on the current situation. This is a thorough analysis of the place and forms of education in Cameroon under the German and French colonial yokes. It takes into account the different political objectives and conceptions of man, specific to each of the two colonial powers. It specifically underlines feminine education in each part of this work. The comparative analysis of the German and French colonial educational systems highlights the differences and similarities between the both educational policies and their concrete applications. Our work is not restricted to this comparative approach but goes beyond this. It shows that the educational system in Cameroon is now essentially marked by the French colonial past, whereas the remains of German colonization academically are almost absent
Hello, Eric. „Les néomalthusiens français et les sciences biomédicales (1880-1940)“. Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0199/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNeo-Malthusianism is a line of thought which gathers education specialists,doctors, anthropologists and women's and anarchist activists. Its reflexion and its actionhave a political, economic and scientific dimension. Its project is to deeply transformhuman societies through birth control in order to reach a better social organisation, likelyto meet human beings’ legitimate aspiration for happiness. The means implemented toreach this goal are the generalisation of contraceptive prophylaxis, which includescontraceptive methods and abortion. The neo-Malthusian movement was particularlyactive in France, from the 1890ies to the eve of World War II. It has also met with strongopposition and was actively fought, noticeably after World War I. Observing the number ofbirths, neo-Malthusianism points how incompatible the exponential increase of births iswith the possibility for the members of a given community to have what they need to reachhappiness. Hence, French neo-Malthusianism is inseparable from eugenics, which is acentral theme in the history of this movement, from its emergence to its last developmentsin the 1930ies. The objective of the present work is to draw a new and previouslyunpublished synthetic portrait of this movement, focussing on its link to bio-medicalsciences and scientific culture. [...]
Marteil, Marie Antoinette. „L'oeuvre de Bertha von Suttner de 1880 à 1897 : une aristocrate autrichienne en rupture avec la tradition“. Thesis, Tours, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUR2033/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBertha von Suttner (1843-1914) is well known for her commitment to peace. Her book Lay down your arms! (1889) made her famous before World War First. She becam one of main advocates of the idea of universal peace through the creation of a European suprantional identity. She owes the 1905 Nobel Peace Prize to her international fame. But beyond this fight she was committed to the defence of women or against the dogmatism of society and the church. How to define the consistency of her many fights at the very time when a pacifist and emancipating discourse was emerging ? the present thesis, based on a original analysis of the author's novels and short stories with an autobiographical undertone, is driving to light her breaking away from tradition but on a politically not revolutionary way, with the persitent influence of the popular philosophy of the German Enlightenment Age at the end of the XIXth century. The thesis shows the topicality of this innovative aristocrat's positions