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1
Omobitan, Omobolaji, und Aditya R. Khanal. „Examining Farm Financial Management: How Do Small US Farms Meet Their Agricultural Expenses?“ Journal of Risk and Financial Management 15, Nr. 3 (10.03.2022): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm15030133.
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Small farms in the US have significant challenges in financial management. This study examines how small farmers undertake farm financial management to meet their agricultural and farm-related spending and expenses. Using primary survey data from Tennessee, the study investigates the factors influencing the extent of use of five financing sources to meet the spending and expenses: cash/fund directly generated from the sale of agricultural products, farmer’s past savings, farm household’s off-farm income, income/incentives from government payments, and external loans. Using negative binomial regression estimation of generalized linear models, findings suggest that the decision on the use of financing sources is significantly influenced in general by age, education, income and land acreage holdings, off-farm work, and risk factors related to farmer or farm household. However, the associated factors and their effects on the extent of use are different depending on the financing source.
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Dodson, Charles B., Bruce L. Ahrendsen und Gianna Short. „Does use of nontraditional credit increase risk?“ Agricultural Finance Review 82, Nr. 2 (20.01.2022): 359–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/afr-06-2021-0085.
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PurposeA potential farm policy concern is that if nontraditional (vendor/point-of-sale) financing represents increased risk, it may have an aggregate effect on sector-wide farm financial risk. This analysis examines the use of nontraditional lender credit among borrowers in the US Department of Agriculture (USDA)'s Farm Service Agency (FSA)'s direct farm loan programs.Design/methodology/approachData source included the USDA FSA direct operating loan program for 2011–2020. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the occurrence of default over seven-year term direct operating loans.FindingsResults indicated that point-of-sale financing has a significant and positive relationship with risk for FSA direct operating loan borrowers. The presence of intermediate point-of-sale financing (mostly from machinery and equipment vendors) is associated with an increased probability of default of 9%, and the presence of such loan balances in the amount of $50,000 or more had a higher probability of default of 21%. Short-term nontraditional financing (for example from fertilizer vendors) was found to be positively related to borrower risk of default as indicated by a 22–25% increase in the likelihood of loan default.Originality/valueThrough FSA Farm Business Plan data, the authors were able to distinguish specific vendors and their loan purpose, which advances the knowledge beyond what is currently available through survey data. Findings indicate a minor increase in borrower risk for those with intermediate-term nontraditional financing. However, borrowers with short-term nontraditional financing and having large balances or greater number of nontraditional loans had increases in risk of default by substantive amounts.
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Gao, Xin, Hong Chen, Yuyi Chen, Yuyang Feng, Zixuan Cai und Hong Cheng. „Suggestions to Alleviate the Financing Risks of Family Farmers: Based on the Investigation Report of Pig Farmers in Jiulongshan Town, Kaizhou District, Chongqing“. Financial Forum 9, Nr. 2 (14.07.2020): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.18282/ff.v9i2.876.
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<p>In 2013, the Central Document No. 1 first proposed the concept of "family farm". As an important part of rural economic development, family farms have increasingly significant financing risks. The No. 1 document of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 2018 proposed a strategy to overcome poverty and achieve rural revitalization. Therefore, it is of great value and significance to study the financing risks of family farmers and explore solutions. This article is based on an in-depth investigation and analysis of the farm development status, land circulation, and mortgage financing of family farm land contract management rights in Jiulongshan Town, Kaizhou District, Chongqing. In addition, it also investigates the implementation and publicity of the financial support policies of rural commercial banks, the Agricultural Bank of China, the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, and the Postal Savings Bank on family farmer financing. Finally, the existing problems are analyzed and relevant policy suggestions are put forward.</p>
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Appiah-Twumasi, Mark, Samuel A. Donkoh und Isaac Gershon Kodwo Ansah. „Farmer innovations in financing smallholder maize production in Northern Ghana“. Agricultural Finance Review 80, Nr. 3 (30.12.2019): 421–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/afr-05-2019-0059.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore smallholder agricultural financing in Ghana’s Northern region by identifying farmers’ preferred traditional and innovative financing methods and estimating the determinants of use of innovative financing methods. Design/methodology/approach This paper presented a list of documented traditional financing methods to farmers during in-depth interviews and employed descriptive statistics to summarize choice and amounts sourced from traditional methods. Two questions from the survey revealed a felt need for extra financing sources for credit-rationed farmers. Farmers with positive responses to either or both questions were classified as “users of innovative financing”. The authors then used a probit model to examine factors that influence decisions to use innovative financing method. Findings Farmers’ own savings, reinvesting past season’s profits and financing maize production with income from other commercial crops were the most popular traditional methods. The authors found complementary relations between formal and informal lending systems in the rural financial market. Smallholders also took farm and non-farm “by-day” jobs to raise income for farm investment and/or joined Village Savings and Loans Associations (VSLAs) specifically to take advantage of possible credit opportunities. These two latter methods were operationalized in this study as innovative agricultural financing. The results show that access to credit, social capital and market participation increased the likelihood of using innovative financing methods. Alternatively, farmer group membership, diversity in crop production and being a household head diminished the likelihood of innovative financing use. Practical implications The activities of VSLAs can be regulated and expanded to spread its benefits to more farmers. Also, creating avenues for dry season labour market participation in the region could enable farmers raise capital for farm investment. Originality/value This study explores existing practices and farmer innovations to agricultural financing and, by so doing, deviates from the vast literature focussing mainly on microcredit provisioning as the main model of smallholder agricultural financing in Africa.
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Luo, Ying, Tianyu Deng, Qiang Wei, Guoan Xiao und Qihui Ling. „Optimal Financing Decision in a Contract Food Supply Chain with Capital Constraint“. Complexity 2021 (09.07.2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8925102.
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To solve the financing problem of the food producers, we consider a two-echelon contract food supply chain composed of a family farm with capital constraints and a food processing enterprise. With no capital constraints as the benchmark model, we analyze optimal decisions of the family farm and the food processing enterprise in the case of bank financing with bank participation only and bank financing with “government, bank, and insurance” coparticipation. Then, we discuss how the risk of yield uncertainty influences the optimal decisions and profits of the family farm and the food processing enterprise under different financing situation. Meanwhile, the reason why the government subsidizes agriculture is explored, and the policy of minimum purchase price of the food is initiated when the market price is too low. Finally, the numerical examples and sensitivity analysis are presented. The results show that the bank financing with “government, bank, and insurance” coparticipation improves the welfare of supply chain members more obviously than the bank financing with bank participation only; when the rice price is too low, the policy of minimum purchase price of food is initiated, which increases the revenue and the growing enthusiasm of the family farm; the profits of the family farm and the food processing enterprise will decrease as the risk of yield uncertainty increases in the case of bank financing, and the risk of yield uncertainty will be reduced for the family farm when bank financing with “government, bank, and insurance” coparticipation.
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Thilmany, Dawn, Allison Bauman, Joleen Hadrich, Becca B. R. Jablonski und Martha Sullins. „Unique financing strategies among beginning farmers and ranchers: differences among multigenerational and beginning operations“. Agricultural Finance Review 82, Nr. 2 (09.12.2021): 285–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/afr-05-2021-0070.
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PurposeBeginning farmers have unique challenges securing credit because they are less likely to have established sales and collateral for secured loans. This article explores US beginning farmers’ financing strategies relative to those of established operations, with a focus on the source of financing and debt structure (short- vs long-term usage). Agricultural operations commonly use nontraditional financing tools and strategies to start, build and/or sustain their businesses. This article provides a comparative overview of financing strategies comparing established operators to operations with only beginning operators, as well as those multigenerational operations with at least one beginning operator.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses 2013–2016 USDA Agricultural Resource Management Survey data to explore how various financing patterns vary across US beginning farmers and ranchers with a particular focus on understanding differences where (1) all operators are beginning, (2) there is a mix of beginning and established operators and (3) all operators are established.FindingsThis article explores how the nature of beginning farmer status, human capital resources and alternative marketing strategies may influence financial management strategies and lead to differential use of nontraditional financing sources for beginning farmers and ranchers.Originality/valueThough exploratory, the authors hope that attention to patterns among US beginning farmers and ranchers of reliance on human capital resources including off-farm income and type of beginning farm operation, nontraditional government support programs and alternative marketing strategies can provide important information as to the role of nontraditional credit in the US farm economy.
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Pasaribu, S. M., B. Sayaka, A. de Braw, S. H. Suhartini und F. B. M. Dabukke. „Agricultural value chain financing: a case study in Ciamis District, West Java Province“. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 892, Nr. 1 (01.11.2021): 012095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/892/1/012095.
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Abstract Smallholding farmers frequently deal with shortage of working capital to cover farm costs. Given the applied terms and conditions, a lot of farmers unable to access the current People’s Business Credit (KUR), while a holistic value chain financial support is required to achieve sustainable food production. Limited capacity of formal rural-based financial institutions encourages the local money lenders to take opportunity of financially support the farmers. In response to this issue, a case study was conducted in Ciamis District, West Java Province. Primary data was collected using an interview technique. Data were organized, processed, an interpreted using a descriptive type of analysis. The study revealed that the rice farmers need an inclusive credit support from pre-planting to post-harvest and marketing of their products. Farmers require working capital to continue their farm activities and to support value chain financing of the agribusiness. Although the existing local micro financial institutions showed good performance, however they lacked fund and access to formal financial institutions such as banks or CSR soft loans. Government is suggested to strengthen the existing local micro financial institutions by linking them to sources of funds and to support business to business relations for better service to smallholding farmers. Inclusive value chain financing implies that farmers, micro financial institutions, and local governments are strongly integrated to achieve better farm performance. Ministry of Agriculture has a strategic role to take initiative to strengthening an inclusive agricultural value chain financing on the existing local micro financial institutions.
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Fitriana, Widya. „LEMBAGA KEUANGAN MIKRO SYARIAH: EKSISTENSI DAN AKSESIBILITASNYA BAGI PEMBIAYAAN USAHATANI DI SUMATERA BARAT (Studi Kasus: Koperasi Jasa Keuangan Syariah (KJKS) Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil (BMT))“. Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia 4, Nr. 2 (01.12.2016): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jai.2016.4.2.149-162.
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<em>Farm financing is one of the factors facilitating the development of agriculture which allow farmers to expand the scale of farming and adopt new technologies. Unfortunately, a number of financial institutions often perceive farmers as "unbankable poor" that is costly to finance. KJKS BMT is one financial institution that is initiated by the government of West Sumatra's mission of poverty reduction in rural areas in particular to improve the access of small farmers to credit. So this study aims to identify and analyze the existence and accessibility of financing KJKS BMT in serving the financing of farming in West Sumatra. This study was conducted in a multi-stage random sampling, cities that randomly selected are Kota Padang and Bukittinggi, and then for each city, one KJKS BMT is also randomly selected. Primary data were collected by interviewing 60 respondent’s farmers. This research uses grounded research methods and data analysis in qualitative descriptive. Period of observation data for 2 years ie 2012-2014. Existence of KJKS BMT to finance farming measured by used five indicator namely a) The number of customers, b) The number of farmer customers, c) credit share for the agricultural, d) The number of farm financing and e) Development of BMT’s human resources. Furthermore accessibility is measured using six indicators, namely: (a) access to information, (b) access to loan procedure, (c) access to the maximum limit, (d) access to the time of disbursement, (e) access to loan repayment, and ( f) facilitation of access to financing. The results show that (1) although the existence of KJKS BMT start respected by rural communities, and even show a positive growth, but the credit share given by KJKS BMT to farm credit is still very small compared to another sectors (like trade and manufactures) which are less than 5%, Even though the level of customer growth of farmers during the past two years is reach 75%, higher than the growth of total customer (2) Accessibility of KJKS BMT to farm financing overall is good, although there are several factor that must be addressed like the availability of information, the number of loan, monitoring and loan supervision.</em>
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Rojas, Adrián. „Diseño de un sistema de análisis financiero de modelos de finca para proyectos de desarrollo rural.“ Agronomía Mesoamericana 7, Nr. 2 (02.06.2016): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/am.v7i2.24761.
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The following text describes an system which measures the financial factors that show the feasible production level of farm models. It also provides the basis to evaluate investment plans and paying capacity. This system permits to enter the costs and income of each tillage per year. Moreover it contains the income and costs the farm models. This information is included and brought up to date by the system. It will permit to make projections of cash flow not only before but also after the financing. The objective is to evaluate the effect of the financing over the investment made in a separate way. It also has the capacity to store information for several crop farm models an it is allowed to make the corresponding changes to each piece of data. In addition it offers a sensitivity analysis with percent variations in the cost and income.
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Saragih, Faoeza Hafiz. „PEMBIAYAAN SYARIAH SEKTOR PERTANIAN“. JURNAL AGRICA 10, Nr. 2 (31.10.2017): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/agrica.v10i2.1458.
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<p><em> Indonesia is an agriculture country, which means the agricultural sector was an important role in the Indonesian economy. One of the main problems faced by the agricultural sector is the lack of farmer capital in developing his farm, the farmer is not able to fund their farm with their own funds. The agricultural sector is known to be quite risky and uncertain and this make the financial institutions to fund this sector is relatively low. Other financing alternatives that may be the solution for farmers is the shariah financing institutions. Some shariah products which can be applied to agribusiness, among others: Mudharabah, Musharaka, muzara'ah, musaqoh, bai 'murabahah, bai istishna, bai' as-salam and rahn.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keyword: Agriculture, Financing, Shariah</em></strong></p>
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Nur, Abdulkadir Mohamed. „Determinants of farm investment in Somalia: A var model application“. Asian Economic and Financial Review 13, Nr. 6 (19.05.2023): 406–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.55493/5002.v13i6.4795.
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The main objective of this study is to examine the determinants of farm investment in Somalia using quarterly time-series data from 2015 to 2021. The study selected financing assets (FA), farm output (FO), credit for commercial banks (CCB), and saving (S) as macroeconomic variables. The augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF) test was employed to evaluate the stationarity of the variables, and the Granger causality test was used to assess the causal relationship between the study variables. It was found that all variables became stationary at the second difference, with a trend for each of the three critical levels of 1%, 5%, and 10%. The Granger causality test indicates a unidirectional causal connection between farm investment, farm output, financial assets for commercial banks, savings for commercial banks, and loans for commercial banks in Somalia. The vector autoregressive (VAR) estimation revealed that the coefficient of determination explains 98% of the model, and the ordinary least squares (OLS) estimation showed a highly significant P-value. The results show that financing assets and savings will increase farm output if managed effectively and efficiently. Based on the findings, the study recommends that the government focus on the overall institutional framework in Somalia to facilitate economic growth, poverty reduction, and sustainable development.
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Mariet Ocasio, Vange. „Financing village enterprises in rural Bangladesh“. International Journal of Development Issues 15, Nr. 1 (04.04.2016): 76–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdi-09-2015-0057.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the factors that determine non-farm enterprise revenue and to empirically test the association between access to credit, credit source and firm performance among poor entrepreneurs in rural Bangladesh. Design/methodology/approach Using a Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies and World Bank survey from over 1,700 households in rural Bangladesh, a panel data model is used to control for unobserved heterogeneity among households and explore the determinants of non-farm revenue. Findings The findings suggest that village infrastructure and household labor assets have a positive impact on enterprise development. The findings reveal that the use of rural credit as a production input is important in augmenting revenue for the non-farm enterprise, but there are differential effects by credit source. Research limitations/implications Because the study uses data from a quasi-experimental survey design, unobserved effects that can bias the results must be controlled for. Also, as credit program impacts can be location-specific, caution in generalizing the results of this study must be exercised. Practical implications This study provides evidence on the positive effects of microcredit, family assets and family social capital on economic outcomes and microenterprise growth for poor entrepreneurial households. If enterprise growth is important for development, greater understanding of the determinants of microenterprise performance and the role of credit in the success of microfirms is beneficial for policymakers and the institutions that finance small-scale production. Social implications If it is agreed that entrepreneurship is important in promoting development, self-sufficiency and positive economic outcomes (Yunus, 2007), then credit program design should focus on both the credit needs of the poor and the dynamics inherent in enterprise development for this group of entrepreneurs. Originality/value This paper expands the limited literature on the determinants of microenterprise growth and the role of credit in microenterprise development by tracing a positive link between village infrastructure, family demographics and access to credit. The identification of the factors that determine non-farm enterprise revenue is important for policymakers because enterprise growth is perceived as essential for economic development.
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TANAKA, HIROTO. „A Welfare Analysis of Public Financing for Farm Inn.“ JOURNAL OF RURAL PLANNING ASSOCIATION 18 (1999): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2750/arp.18.18-suppl_175.
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Ojo, Mathew Paul, und Adeolu Babatunde Ayanwale. „Estimating farm-level financing gap: a technical efficiency approach“. Agricultural Finance Review 79, Nr. 2 (01.04.2019): 174–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/afr-02-2018-0008.
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Purpose Much attention has been paid to farm credit access with less focus on determining the actual credit amount needed to bring about a specified increase in productivity relative to the finance being sought. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach Using 2016 cross-sectional data of plantain farmers, the authors employ the Cobb–Douglas stochastic frontier production function to determine the technical efficiency (TE) of each farmer. Current plantain quantity produced by farmers and the TE are then used to estimate plantain quantity at a target efficiency. The finance needed to produce at the target efficiency is estimated using the Harrod–Domar (HD) growth equation and the authors then subtract the farmers’ savings from the estimated amount to determine the financing gap of the farmers. Findings Results of this study show that the actual amount required to improve the productivity of farmers to target levels of TE can be estimated and that credit amount granted to farmers can be tied to a specific production efficiency. Credit schemes with interest rates below 9 per cent are more beneficial to farmers while access to credit is determined by interest rate, education, credit process duration, land ownership and asset value in the study area. Research limitations/implications The implication of this research is that it opens up the possibility of further exploring the application of the HD theory at the micro level. Practical implications The findings in this study have important implications on the provision of agricultural credit to small farmers. The first is that the TE of farmers plays a very critical role in determining the actual amount of credit needed to bridge the farm-level financing gap and impact positively on productivity. Second, while it is important to bridge the farm-level financing gap, this can only be beneficial to the farmers at single-digit interest rates below 7 per cent. Finally, granting of credit to farmers can be tied to specific production increase target to reduce indiscipline and mismanagement in credit use. Social implications The findings of this study will go along in helping to prevent mismanagement and indiscipline in the use of scarce financial resources in agricultural production. Originality/value This study is the first of its kind, using TE and bringing the HD equation down to the farm level to estimate the exact amount required by farmers to bring about specific increase in production, determining the credit amount beyond which mismanagement may set in.
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Baker, Laurie, und Paul J. Thomassin. „Financing New Farm Entrants: The Long-term Leasing Option“. Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie 39, Nr. 2 (Juli 1991): 255–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7976.1991.tb03571.x.
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Zawadzka, Danuta, Agnieszka Strzelecka und Ewa Szafraniec-Siluta. „Debt as a Source of Financial Energy of the Farm—What Causes the Use of External Capital in Financing Agricultural Activity? A Model Approach“. Energies 14, Nr. 14 (08.07.2021): 4124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144124.
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The aim of this study was to identify and assess the factors influencing the increase in the financial energy of a farm through the use of external capital, taking into account the farmer’s and farm characteristics. For its implementation, a logistic regression model and a classification-regression tree analysis (CRT) were used. The study was conducted on a group of farms in Central Pomerania (Poland) participating in the system of collecting and using data from farms (Farm Accountancy Data Network—FADN). Data on 348 farms were used for the analyses, obtained through a survey conducted in 2020 with the use of a questionnaire. Based on the analysis of the research results presented in the literature to date, it was established that the use of external capital in a farm as a factor increasing financial energy is determined, on the one hand, by the socio-demographic characteristics of the farmer and the characteristics of the farm, and on the other hand, by the availability of external financing sources. Factors relating to the first of these aspects were taken into account in the study. Using the logistic regression model, it was established that the propensity to indebtedness of farms is promoted by the following factors: gender of the head of the household (male, GEND), younger age of the head of the household (AGE), having a successor who will take over the farm in the future (SUC), higher value of generated production (PROD_VALUE), larger farm area (AREA) and multi-directional production of the farm (production diversification), as opposed to targeting plant or animal production only (farm specialization—SPEC). The results of the analysis carried out with the use of classification and regression trees (CRT) showed that the key factors influencing the use of outside capital as a source of financial energy in the agricultural production process are, first of all, features relating to an agricultural holding: the value of generated production (PROD_VALUE), agricultural area (AREA) and production direction (SPEC). The age of the farm manager (AGE) turned out to be of key importance among the farmer’s features favoring the tendency to take debt in order to finance agricultural activity.
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Ruey, Chuol Jock, Ganfure Tarekegn Kistana und Eshetu Yadecha. „Challenges of Financing Agricultural Investment Evidence From Gambella Region, Ethiopia“. SRIWIJAYA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DYNAMIC ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS 4, Nr. 4 (05.01.2021): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.29259/sijdeb.v4i4.265-278.
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The aim of this paper was to assess the agricultural investment financing challenges in Gambella city administration and Itang special Woreda, Ethiopia. To achieve the objectives, data were collected from both primary using questionnaires and secondary sources from annual reports, manuals, and performance reports. Explanatory research design was used and the 215 sample were selected using stratified random sampling technique from workers of DBE, investment agency and investors of Gambella region. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 to run both descriptive and multiple liner regression result. Accordingly, the major challenging factors are the low investment return, farm risk, security issues, lending procedures, farm size, distant of investor’s farm from lender, poor infrastructure, lack of technical capacity, farm age and budget failure with their respective proportion. The correlation matrix result showed that there is no multicollinearity problem existing among explanatory variables. Regression also revealed that all the explanatory variables with exception of budget failure and lending procedures have significant challenging effects on financing agricultural investment. Finally, the research recommended that diversified sources of finance for agricultural investment should be established, training programs on performance issues, irrigation in response to drought, agricultural technical capacity, and infrastructure facilities are needed, stable security and return of loan amount must be seriously dealt with, and measures like strong monitoring and evaluation need to be put into practice.
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Snowden, Kenneth A. „Covered Farm Mortgage Bonds in the United States During the Late Nineteenth Century“. Journal of Economic History 70, Nr. 4 (Dezember 2010): 783–812. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050710000720.
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Covered mortgage bonds have been used successfully in Europe for two centuries, but failed in the United States when introduced as farm mortgage debentures in the 1880s. Using firm-level data and a sample of loans made by one Kansas mortgage company, I find that debenture programs grew out of established loan brokerage operations and were used to fund mortgages that were difficult to broker because of size, term, or risk characteristics. Debentures broadened access to the interregional mortgage market and facilitated an expansion of western farm mortgage debt before the innovation failed in the mortgage crisis of the 1890s.“[T]he availability of affordable mortgage financing is essential to turning the corner on the current housing crisis …. One option we have looked at extensively is covered bonds, which … have the potential to increase mortgage financing, improve underwriting standards, and strengthen U.S. financial institutions ….”Secretary of Treasury Henry PaulsonJuly 28, 2008
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Jubaya, Selvi, und Eliana Wulandari. „PERAN RUMAH PEMBIAYAAN PERTANIAN KSM JAYA AMANAH DALAM MENGIMPLEMENTASIKAN INKLUSI KEUANGAN PETANI“. Mimbar Agribisnis: Jurnal Pemikiran Masyarakat Ilmiah Berwawasan Agribisnis 6, Nr. 1 (21.01.2020): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.25157/ma.v6i1.2963.
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The level of financial access in Indonesia is relatively low because of some obstacles that are faced by farmers in Indonesia to access formal financial institutions. KSM Jaya Amanah is one of the institutions that seeks to implement the financial inclusion of farmers through an empowerment program i.e the agricultural financing house. This research aims to identify the role of KSM Jaya Amanah in implementing financial inclusion in Pacet Subdistrict, Bandung District. Data analytical methods used in this research is descriptive statistics. The results of the analysis showed that several efforts have been made by KSM Jaya Amanah in implementing financial inclusion for farmers through the agricultural financing house program that focuses to provide financial access for farmers who are considered unbankable people. The agricultural financing house has a positive impact on the farm results of its members. The barriers faced by the KSM in implementing financial inclusion include lack of funds from investors and lack of the management resources.
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Khanal, Aditya R., und Omobolaji Omobitan. „Rural Finance, Capital Constrained Small Farms, and Financial Performance: Findings from a Primary Survey“. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 52, Nr. 2 (05.02.2020): 288–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aae.2019.45.
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AbstractCapital and credit constraints limit the small farm’s ability to adequately use resources for optimum performance. Farmers’ access to capital is constrained in multiple ways, including price factors, risk factors, and transaction factors, as well as access to and ease of rural agricultural financing. Using a primary survey data of small farms in Tennessee, we analyzed factors influencing credit constraint and its impact on farm performance. Farm operators’ gender, off-farm work, land acreage holdings, farm specialization, and the use of smart phone with Internet significantly influenced credit constraint. We found that the financial performance of credit constrained small farmers was significantly lower than that of unconstrained small farmers—an adverse impact of constrained capacity to credit could result in up to $51,000 lower in gross farm sales. Additionally, our reason-specific results within credit constraint suggested that around $32,000 to $39,000 lower performance in gross sales can be attributable to the constrained borrowing with deficit to obtain agricultural loans at required or desired level.
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Ljubičić, Ivana, Danijela Radenković und Ivan Bulatović. „Sustainability of agricultural farm financing in the Republic of Serbia“. Ekonomika poljoprivrede 66, Nr. 4 (2019): 1201–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ekopolj1904201l.
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Baker, Laurie, und Paul J. Thomassin. „Financing New Farm Entrants: The Long-term Leasing Option: Reply“. Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie 40, Nr. 1 (März 1992): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7976.1992.tb03685.x.
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Asnawi, A., A. A. Amrawaty und Nirwana. „Mukhabarah as Sharia Financing Model in Beef Cattle Farm Entrepise“. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 119 (Februar 2018): 012068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/119/1/012068.
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John, Banda Mtelemuka. „An analysis of factors affecting access to credit in the smallholder agricultural sector in T/A Mpinganjira – Mangochi district“. i-manager’s Journal on Management 18, Nr. 2 (2023): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jmgt.18.2.20199.
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The underperformance of Malawi's agricultural sector, particularly in the T/A Mpinganjira – Mangochi area, can be attributed mostly to smallholders' resistance to transitioning from traditional agriculture to a more scientific and technology-driven approach. Access to financial services, particularly finance, is one of the obstacles preventing smallholders from rising to the occasion. Using a logistic regression model inside the principle component regression framework, the aim of this study is to investigate the factors that might affect smallholders' capacity to obtain financing. The results demonstrated the influence of various factors on smallholder farmers' access to financing and their capacity to transition to a more scientific and technologically oriented agriculture sector. These factors included the amount of income from both farms and non-farm sources, pensions and remittances, farm size, availability of family labor, land ownership, savings, and repayment capacity. The results offer vital direction for the institutional setup needed to improve credit availability in Malawi.
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Syampaku, Edward M., Patience Nalungwe, Idani Lichilo und Donald Chisowa. „Farm-based factors shaping crop enterprise diversification among maize small-holder farmers in Kalulushi District of Zambia“. Journal of Agriculture and Agronomy (JAA) 1, Nr. 1 (31.05.2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.51317/jaa.v1i1.355.
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This study examined the factors shaping crop enterprise diversification among small-holder maize farmers in the Kalulushi District of Zambia. Having high crop enterprise diversification promotion among small-holder maize recently as a household food security and farm enterprise risk absorption strategy across Zambia, questions have arisen on factors encouraging or negating farmer responses since maize production has remained dominant, particularly under rain-fed systems. The study used primary data from a sample of 150 farmers. Data included the crop enterprise diversification index as the dependent variable, whereas the farming practice, farm size, the maize subsistence index, cooperative dependence, distance to the central market, weighted maize selling price, dependence on government purchases, planting period and source of financing for farming are the independent variables. Empirical results revealed that crop enterprise diversification increased with an increase in distance from the market, conservation farming practice, subsistence level, weighted maize selling price, and alternative financing. However, it decreased with an increase in farm size and dependence on government purchases. Cooperative dependence and planting period were not found to affect crop enterprise diversification. The study recommends streamlining crop enterprise diversification with distance from the market, farming practice, level of subsistence, weighted maize selling price, alternative financing, farm size and dependence on government purchases.
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Baiza, Ahmad. „The Effect of Employee Costs of Production, Marketing, and Salary On The Results of Broiler Chicken Sales“. International Journal of Social Service and Research 1, Nr. 2 (12.10.2021): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.46799/ijssr.v1i2.20.
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"Rahmat Aulia" farm is part of PT Charoen Pokphand Jaya Farm. This farm is located in Kutatrieng Village, Labuhanhaji District, West Aceh. It has used good management in financing including production costs, marketing costs, and employee salaries. employee. The selection of research on the "Rahmat Aulia" farm due to the high level of sales competition in the broiler business (Gallus domestic) with this research is expected to be a reference for beginners and other breeders in facing competition. The type of research used is qualitative (interview). Where data collection uses interviews with related parties at the "Rahmat Aulia" farm as resource persons, and the sample used is the financial report of the "Rahmat Aulia" farm which has been recorded at PT Charoen Pokphand Jaya Farm in 2021 (3 months). The results of the study stated that 80% of sales results were strongly influenced by production costs, marketing costs, and employee salaries. While the remaining 20% ??of sales are influenced by other factors not explained in this study. From the results of the analysis, it is known that production costs, marketing, and employee salaries play a very important role in the sustainability of "Rahmat Aulia" farming in Kutatrieng Village, West Labuhanhaji District, South Aceh Regency.
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Andros, Svitlana, und Vasyl Gerasymchuk. „Farm income financial support mechanism: European experience for Ukraine“. Economics: time realities 4, Nr. 62 (31.08.2022): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15276/etr.04.2022.2.
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The Attention is focused on the expediency of financial support for the income of farms due to the inability to carry out the reproduction process in an open and unprotected market. The EU Regulations are analysed, which determine the procedure for direct support to farmers and the implementation of market measures through the European Agricultural Guarantee Fund (EAGF). The schemes of direct payments and market measures of European farmers (their income) are presented in line with the first component of the CAP (First Pillar) using financing mechanisms implemented through EAGF. The sizes and conditions of direct assistance to farmers within the framework of the first component of the CAP are considered. The effectiveness of the measures of the CAP for the financial support of farms has been established. The necessity of correlation of the mechanism of support for farmers with the fulfilment of their obligations to protect the environment is proved. The expediency of singling out among agricultural producers certain categories of farms worthy of a special attitude towards them by society and the state has been established.
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Carillo, Felicetta, Francesco Licciardo und Eugenio Corazza. „Investments financing at farm level: A regional assessment using FADN data“. Economia agro-alimentare, Nr. 3 (Januar 2022): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/ecag2021oa12777.
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This article presents the results of an ex-ante evaluation exercise on the financial instruments adopted under the rural development policy. Using fad n data, during a ten-year time span, the study estimates the investments and their financial covertures made by a sample of farms in the Abruzzo region.The balance sheets of the farms were analysed in order to quantify the investments made by the farms in one year and the related financial coverage. The main results show that the propensity to invest is, on average, of 0.27 and it varies according to the characteristics of the farms; while on average 90% of farm investment value is self-financed. These results provided some interesting policy implications, highlighting either or both, a latent need for farms for external financial funds and/or an ineffective financial management of the business activity.
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Turvey, Calum G. „Financing New Farm Entrants: The Long-term Leasing Option: A Comment“. Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie 40, Nr. 1 (März 1992): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7976.1992.tb03684.x.
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Musshoff, Oliver, und Norbert Hirschauer. „A behavioral economic analysis of bounded rationality in farm financing decisions“. Agricultural Finance Review 71, Nr. 1 (10.05.2011): 62–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00021461111128165.
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Durie, Aschalew Degoma. „Financing rural industrialization and employment creation:The case of Ethiopia“. Independent Journal of Management & Production 9, Nr. 4 (01.12.2018): 1317. http://dx.doi.org/10.14807/ijmp.v9i4.803.
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The objective of the study was to examine financing rural industrialization and employment creation practices and possibilities in Ethiopia. In this context, rural industrialization refers to encouraging small to large industries to be established in rural areas. As rural industrialization is a new concept at a policy level let alone to the practice on the ground in Ethiopia, a full-fledged data regarding the rural industrialization and the rural financing practice is inadequate. However, attempts were made to see at least the trends in agricultural commercialization, off farm practices, the government’s policy, the financial institutions practices, and above all how other countries approached rural industrialization and financing such industries. Hence, relevant data were collected from CSA, NBE, DHS, World Bank, and Ethiopian Investment Commission and the collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The major finding of the study indicates rural industrialization process is at conception stage and financing the rural strategy is still poorly developed despite the immense economic and social implications. Hence, a combination of centralized financing rural industrialization through commercial banks and a decentralized financing rural industrialization through microfinance institutions is recommended for the country to get better depth and breadth of rural industrialization.
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Majchrzak, Adam. „RESTRUCTURING FARM-RUNNING ENTITIES – LEGAL ASPECTS“. Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XXII, Nr. 1 (29.01.2020): 224–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7814.
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The Act of 9 November 2018 on debt restructuring for farm-running entities introduced, into Polish law, certain instruments aimed at improving the financial liquidity of agricultural enterprises, which are insolvent or threatened with insolvency, and ultimately, enhancing their competitiveness in the EU market. These instruments consist of providing state aid in the form of subsidies to the interest of restructuring loans or loans for financing the repayment of debt arising in connection with conducting agricultural activity, as well as in the National Support Centre for Agriculture (KOWR) providing state aid in the form of guarantees securing the repayment of the restructuring loan, and in KOWR taking over a farm-running entity’s debt arising in connection with conducting agricultural activity in exchange for the transfer of ownership of their property to the State Treasury. The solutions enacted function in parallel to the possibility of making an arrangement with creditors and effecting remedial actions based on the provisions of Restructuring Law. The aim of the article is to evaluate the enacted regulations from the point of view of their consistency with the provisions of Restructuring Law, their compliance with the principles and objectives presented in the justification of the bill, and the expected results. Interpretation of intent and systemic interpretation of legal acts was used, with the application of historical and logical methods. Following the analysis carried out, it was concluded that with the regulations currently in force, the objectives of the act assumed by the legislator and the anticipated results will not be achieved in full.
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Williamson, James M. „Following beginning farm income and wealth over time“. Agricultural Finance Review 77, Nr. 1 (02.05.2017): 22–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/afr-07-2016-0069.
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Purpose The paper examines the evolution of beginning farms’ income statement and balance sheet items over a 15-year period. The purpose of this paper is to gain insight into the diversity of beginning farms from a financial point of view. Design/methodology/approach Using the USDA’s Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS), the author constructs a synthetic panel of data consisting of age cohorts of beginning farmers and follow them over time. Baseline financial information for the farm income statement and balance sheet is examined in 1999 and again in 2014 for each cohort. Findings Overall, there is a marked contrast in the evolution in the income statement between beginning farmers who are under 45 years old and those over 45. The gross cash income of the youngest cohorts grows tremendously, as do their expenses, indicating rapid expansion in production on the part of the youngest cohorts. The change in the balance sheets of the cohorts also provides a glimpse into the changing roles of beginning famers over time. The youngest cohort of beginning farmers increase the current and non-current assets on their balance sheets by a substantial amount, more than doubling both. Furthermore, the youngest cohort is the only group to take on more current liabilities, indicating increased financing of the production expenses. Practical implications Differences in the evolution of financial profiles of beginning farms may predict differences in future output, and it could be a predictor of the farm’s operational goals or intentions, as well as predictor of future financial needs and challenges. Originality/value Knowing and understanding likely trajectories of beginning farmers may provide an opportunity to better tailor farm programs, outreach, and support to beginning farmers.
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Baiza, Ahmad. „The Implementation of The Punishment of Whipping In Aceh From A Legal and Human Rights Perspective“. International Journal of Social Service and Research 3, Nr. 8 (25.09.2023): 2101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.46799/ijssr.v3i8.18.
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Ranch "Rahmat Aulia" incorporated in section PT Charoen Pokphand Jaya Farm, ranch located in the village of the District Kutatrieng Labuhanhaji South Aceh Barat have been using management are good in financing that covers the cost of production, the cost of marketing, and salaries of employees. Selection of research on the farm "Rahmat Aulia" in because of the high level of competition of sales in the business of chicken broilers (Gallus dometicus) with this research can be expected as a reference for the novice and the other farmers in the face of competition. The type of research used is a qualitative type (interview). Where data collection using interviews with relevant parties on the farm "Rahmat Aulia" as a resource, as well as samples that used the financial statements of the farm "Rahmat Aulia" which has been recorded in PT Charoen Pokphand Jaya Farm in the year 2021 (3 months). The results of the study stated that 80% of sales result were strongly influenced by production costs, and marketing costs, and employee salaries. While the remaining 20% of sales are influenced by other factors that are not explained in this study. From the analysis, the results show that production costs, marketing, and employee salaries play a very important role in the sustainability of the “Rahmat Aulia” farm in Kutatrieng Village, Labuhanhaji Barat district, South Aceh regency.
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Bilal, Ahmad Raza, und Mirza Muhammad Ali Baig. „Transformation of agriculture risk management“. Agricultural Finance Review 79, Nr. 1 (04.02.2019): 136–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/afr-05-2018-0038.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the balanced role of internal and external compliance in risk evaluation process of specialized agriculture financing. The authors examine the adaptive behavior of risk managers to determine the role of proposed transformation for risk monitoring (RM) and control process in risk mitigation and avoidance of agriculture credit failure. Design/methodology/approach A self-administered survey was conducted to collect data from 353 risk-related officers and managers in Zarai Taraqiati Bank Limited (ZTBL) Pakistan. The authors used a previously tested scale for the main constructs. The descriptive analyses were used to gauge the model capacity for determining the strength of proposed risk patterns in agriculture risk management. Findings The results reveal that risk evaluation process in ZTBL is reasonably efficient in mitigating risks. Given the sensitive nature of farm credit, there is a need of fundamental reforms in risk policy manuals in line with central bank’s agriculture prudential regulations and Basel-III standards. The results fully support H1 and H2, while H3 is partially validated. The result patterns indicate serious issues in risk evaluation process in agriculture finance that is causing higher delinquency in farm credit. Research limitations/implications Based on highlighted issues, the authors recommend valuable guidelines in the RM review system for agriculture financing products at ZTBL. Practical implications The authors propose remodeling of agriculture risk management and offer valuable insights to the agriculture financial regulators and government in taking policy initiatives in the pre-and-post agriculture risk evaluation process. The proposed model enables RM process to improve farm credit delinquency, particularly in ZTBL and other agriculture banking networks in commercial banks. Originality/value This is the first study to empirically investigate RM evaluation process in agriculture risk management of ZTBL in Pakistan, thus, offers new horizon of farm credit regulatory compliance in agricultural sector of Pakistan.
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Zawojska, Aldona, Beata Horbowiec und Aneta Kalisiak. „Źródła finansowania produkcji i inwestycji w indywidualnych gospodarstwach rolnych w Polsce“. Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, Nr. 116 (30.12.2016): 133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/eiogz.2016.116.51.
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This paper aims to present the sources of financing of farm production and investments as well as capital structure in individual farms in Poland over the 2004-2015 period. An overview of literature indicates a spectrum of financing sources for agricultural holdings. An analysis of existing empirical studies (conducted by other authors and the Central Statistical Office of Poland – GUS) shows that the main and universal source of financing of both production and investment by Polish farms were their own resources. The EU funds, including agricultural direct payments, as well as state-subsidized bank loans were perceived by farmers as the most favourable instruments of external financing.
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Wang, Hua-shu, Henk Moll und Sheng-gen Fan. „Comparative Analysis of Farm Households on Financing Medical Care in Rural China“. Chinese Economy 41, Nr. 6 (November 2008): 56–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/ces1097-1475410603.
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Zhao, Jianmei, Peter J. Barry und Gary D. Schnitkey. „Financing strategies under combined capital structure theories: a farm‐level simulation analysis“. Agricultural Finance Review 68, Nr. 2 (November 2008): 321–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00214660880001233.
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Mahajan, Ajay S. „Empowering Growth: Unveiling Opportunities for Bank Financing in India's Agricultural Value Chain“. International Journal of Economics Finance & Management Science 09, Nr. 05 (04.05.2024): 06–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.55640/ijefms-9152.
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India's agricultural sector is a vital part of the country's economy, contributing significantly to the GDP and employing a large portion of the population. The agricultural value chain in India is a complex web of interconnected activities that span from farm production to processing, distribution, marketing, and consumption. The value chain includes many stakeholders like farmers, input suppliers, processors, transporters, wholesalers, retailers, and consumers. In this article, the intricacies of India's agri-value chain and highlight of the opportunities for banks in financing its development will be explored.
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Klepacka, Anna M. „Determinants of Growth of Selected Renewable Energy Types within the Context of Sustainable Development“. Wieś i Rolnictwo, Nr. 1 (182) (20.03.2019): 63–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.53098/wir012019/04.
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The aim of this article is to identify the determinants affecting the growth of renewable energy source utilisation in rural areas in the context of sustainable development. The research covered the economic circumstances and changes in law relating to the RES (renewable energy sources) Act of 2018, which resulted from EU’s energy policy ensuring favourable conditions for RES development and financial support for RE producers. Four sources of renewable energy relevant to rural farm and non-farm households are the focus of this article: wood biomass, biogas, biodiesel and solar energy. The discussion illustrates the role of rural households in the supply and use of RE consistent with the principle of sustainable development, describes rural residents’ favourable attitudes towards financing RE projects from public funds, and the potential for creating local jobs in the RE sector, among others.
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OSABOHIEN, Romanus, Isaiah O. OLURINOLA und Oluwatoyin A. MATTHEW. „Agro-Financing and Agricultural Output in Nigeria“. Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics 11, Nr. 4 (15.06.2020): 1262. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jarle.v11.4(50).22.
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This study examined the impact of agro-financing on agricultural output in Nigeria. The data for the study was sourced from the Central of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin and the World Development Indicators (WDI) of the World Bank for the period between 1990 and 2019. The study applied the Canonical Cointegration approach to achieve its objectives. Findings showed that agro-financing significantly affect the level of agricultural output in Nigeria. The result of the econometric models estimated in this study showed that, on average, a 1% increase in agro-financing may increase agricultural output by between 0.12%. Therefore, the study recommended that more agro-funding at low-interest rates will motivate farmers to invest in high-yield seedlings, farm implements, organic inputs that are capable of positively impacting total yield leading to more output.
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Pariasa, Imaniar Ilmi, und Andrean Eka Hardana. „The Impact of Farm Production Factors on The Income of Horticultural Farmers in East Java“. HABITAT 35, Nr. 1 (05.04.2024): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.habitat.2024.035.1.3.
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In agricultural growth, the horticulture subsector holds a crucial place. However, one of the most common and productive challenges that farmers deal with is capital limits. Lack of financing is frequently cited as a barrier to addressing rising production costs and erratic commodities selling prices. Financing for factors of production becomes challenging as a result. This study aims to analyze the influence of farm production factors on the income of horticultural farmers in East Java. Data collection was conducted in two locations, namely Wonomulyo Village, Poncokusumo District, Malang Regency, and Pacet Village, Pacet District, Mojokerto Regency. These two locations were chosen purposefully because they are horticulturally producing centers in East Java with the most financial institutions, with a total of 160 respondents. Data collection methods can include interviews using a questionnaire tool. To fulfill the research objective, multiple regression analysis has been used. The land area variable has the most influence since income and land area interact in such a way that as land area is utilized, revenue rises accordingly. The data indicates that there is a positive significance between land area and income in East Java's horticulture farms. Farmers need to seek to intensify horticulture to increase production on existing land with a farming venture. As well as the development of the agribusiness system through Cooperative Farming.
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Filgueira-Vizoso, Almudena, Laura Castro-Santos, David Cordal Iglesias, Félix Puime-Guillén, Isabel Lamas-Galdo, Ana Isabel García-Diez, Emre Uzunoglu, Hugo Díaz und C. Guedes Soares. „The Technical and Economic Feasibility of the CENTEC Floating Offshore Wind Platform“. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, Nr. 10 (21.09.2022): 1344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10101344.
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This paper defines a methodology for the economic feasibility analysis of a floating offshore wind farm composed of tensioned leg platforms, which are part of the EU ARCWIND research project. In this context, the phases and subphases of its life-cycle process are considered to deal with aspects such as bathymetry, characteristics of the platforms, distance from the farm to shore, distance from the farm to port and offshore wind speed. All the costs and other external parameters such as capital cost, electric tariff, interest rate, percentage of financing and corporate tax have been analysed to calculate the internal rate of return, net present value, discounted pay-back period and levelized cost of energy of the farm. This work studies a farm composed of TLP offshore wind platforms designed by CENTEC and located at Ribadeo in Spain. Results indicate the costs and the economic feasibility of this platform for deep waters. They indicate that the platform is economically feasible for the location selected.
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Williamson, James M., und Ani L. Katchova. „Tax-Exempt Bond Financing for Beginning and Low-Equity Farmers: The Case of ‘Aggie Bonds’“. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 45, Nr. 3 (August 2013): 485–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800005009.
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The “Aggie Bond” program was established in the 1980s to provide beginning and low-equity farmers access to capital. The bonds, which pay tax-exempt interest, may be used by qualifying famers for purchases of farm real estate and equipment. Using Aggie Bond data collected from states and Census of Agriculture data spanning 25 years, we examine whether the program has had an impact on farm entrance, land ownership, and the size of operation. We do not find strong evidence that the program led to an increase in the proportion of beginning farmers; however, we find limited evidence the program helped beginning farmers become full land owners as well as increased the rate of growth in the proportion of beginning farmers who are full land owners.
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Ljumović, Isidora, Aida Hanić und Vlado Kovačević. „The role of reward-based crowdfunding in farm financing: What characterises successful campaign?“ Ekonomika poljoprivrede 68, Nr. 3 (2021): 773–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ekopolj2103773l.
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The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into the role of reward-based crowdfunding in farm financing, with a focus on its likelihood of success. The study uses a sample of 1,566 projects from the Kickstarter platform between 2014 and 2020. We added the level of urbanisation and relative importance of agriculture in the country's economy to the basic elements to assess the importance of the crowdfunding. We run a logistic regression model to investigate factors that motivate investment decisions. We discovered a statistically significant negative correlation between the self-set campaign goal and project success, as well as a small positive impact of number of backers and a positive impact of the importance of agriculture in the country's economy on crowdfunding success. In an era of rapid innovation and the rise of social networks, this paper contributes to the current literature on the agri-food industry's reword-based crowdfunding approach.
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Turvey, Calum G. „The Relationship between Hedging with Futures and the Financing Function of Farm Management“. Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie 37, Nr. 4 (13.11.2008): 629–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7976.1989.tb00782.x.
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Balks, Marita, und Lukas Mann. „Decision Parameters in Project Financing and Their Implications for Offshore Wind Farm Projects“. Scientific Journal of Gdynia Maritime University, Nr. 127 (2023): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.26408/127.06.
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Adelia Amna, Dhia, Arini Hardjanto und Adi Hadianto. „Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Petani Bawang Putih Menggunakan Kredit Usaha Rakyat di Kecamatan Sembalun, Kabupaten Lombok Timur“. Indonesian Journal of Agriculture Resource and Environmental Economics 2, Nr. 1 (30.06.2023): 37–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/ijaree.v2i1.50775.
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The Sembalun district serves as a primary center for garlic production in Indonesia. Despite the high productivity of garlic, the area faces challenges related to unstable farm input prices and fluctuating selling prices. This volatility significantly impacts farmers' incomes and the availability of capital for subsequent farming seasons. To address this issue, some garlic farmers in Sembalun district opt for microcredit financing as an additional farm capital source. This study aims to (1) Identify the microcredit distribution procedures for garlic farmers in Sembalun district. Analyze the influencing factors behind garlic farmers' decisions to utilize microcredit. The research utilizes descriptive analysis methods and binary logistic regression analysis employing the logit method. Findings reveal a two-stage process for prospective customers to apply for microcredit financing, involving complete file fulfillment and submission of microcredit application files. Regression analysis results indicate that significant factors influencing garlic farmers' decisions to use microcredit include age, land area, years of farming experience, income, frequency of microcredit usage, and participation in farmer groups.
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Stephens, Phoebe, Irena Knezevic und Linda Best. „Community financing for sustainable food systems“. Canadian Food Studies / La Revue canadienne des études sur l'alimentation 6, Nr. 3 (29.11.2019): 60–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cfs-rcea.v6i3.353.
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Since 2011, FarmWorks Investment Co-operative Limited (FarmWorks) has been boosting Nova Scotia’s farm and food economy through small loans to local food businesses. The fund relies on community investments and relationship-based lending, markers of the provincial government’s Community Economic Development Investment Fund (CEDIF) program. FarmWorks was motivated by decreasing food production, dwindling agricultural employment and the resulting decline of rural communities across the province. These factors were compounded by systemic changes including the increased financialization of the agri-food sector. As a social economy organization, FarmWorks seeks to remedy the shortcomings of the dominant food system by prioritizing the social and ecological regeneration of local communities. It simultaneously works with existing market structures while challenging mainstream practices and developing an alternative model. Through a document review, our paper assesses the extent to which FarmWorks has been successful in its efforts “to increase the viability and sustainability of agriculture and the security of a healthy food supply.” Specifically, we examine economic outcomes (employment, revenue increase, business expansion) as well as social impact of FarmWorks loans. We situate our analysis in literature on social economy, financialization, and sustainable food systems.
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Zhang, Qinjin, und Zhanjiang Li. „Credit Rating Model of Family Farms and Ranches Based on Dynamic Dichotomous DEA“. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2023 (06.02.2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/4218032.
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The key to the sustainable development of family farms and ranches is to solve the problem of financing difficulty, and the construction of the credit rating system of family farms and ranches is the basis of solving the financing difficulty. Therefore, the construction of the credit rating system of family farms and ranches is not only a theoretical problem but also has strong practical significance. On the basis of dichotomous method and improved DEA technology, this paper sets up a credit rating model based on dynamic cycle dichotomous DEA method with the goal of maximizing the efficiency value of credit scoring of family farm and ranch and the constraint of increasing default loss rate. The first feature of this paper is that it constructs a direct mapping from the credit index system to the credit score through the three-stage DEA model, which avoids the disadvantages of the classical linear weighting formula that relies heavily on the measurement results of different weights, and obtains more accurate and stable credit score results of family farms and pastures. Second, the three-stage DEA efficiency value is used as the credit score value of the family farm and pasture, and whether it is located in the optimal preset interval is taken as the basis for efficiency dichotomy. The DEA credit score of the family farm and pasture is calculated by dynamic cycle, and the samples belonging to each level of the family farm and pasture are calculated successively according to the order of the credit grade from high to low. Finally, the result of reasonable credit rating of family farm and ranch with high default loss rate and low credit score was obtained. The pyramid test results of matching credit rating and default loss rate show that this research method is effective and has a good pyramid shape.