Dissertationen zum Thema „Faits économiques“
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Solaux, Georges. „La création du baccalauréat professionnel, stratégie des acteurs, les faits économiques et sociaux“. Dijon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991DIJOL004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZiel, Jérôme. „Théorie de l'entrepreneur et faits économiques : élements d'analyse tirés des expériences japonaise, chinoise, indienne et coréenne“. Littoral, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DUNK0030.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDoes the economic movement create the entrepreneur? Or, on the contrary, does the entrepreneur create the economic movement? We propose to demonstrate that the entrepreneur, the main capitalism agent, is a social construction, which is backed by the European free market theory. In Europe, free market economists assert that the entrepreneur is the economy engine. This conception is criticized by their adversaries, who are putting forward the capitalist logic, characterized by big firm domination which involves entrepreneur disappearance and its replacement by a specialist team (managers) and financed by absentee owners (shareholders). This phenomena illustrates the socialization process of the capitalist production (market exchange intensification, spread of labor division, socialization of the entreprise capital). The heroic entrepreneur of the early period of industrialization gives room to the socialized entrepreneur, whose liberty of action rests on big firm strategies and public policy measures, alternatively stimulating whether big firms whether small enterprises. In Asia, the criticism of the entrepreneur is rooted in the Confucian tradition : the merchant is criticized for his individualism. The bad image of the entrepreneur remains intact even during the industrialization, led almost exclusively by the State. It is only since 1980’s that the entrepreneur has imposed himself in the Asian thought, under the criticism of free market economists who denounce State intervention in favor of individual initiative. As a matter of fact, great firms and the State, not the entrepreneur, are at the origin of the Asian economic prosperity. However, despite the concentration of Asian economies, the entrepreneur is emerging, under a socialized form, thanks to crisis
Benest, Serge. „Recomposition de l’ordre disciplinaire et analyse des faits économiques : le cas de la VIe Section et de l’Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLN010/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work analyzes the transformations in the division of intellectual labor in social science by considering the study of economic facts within the Sixth Section and the EHESS in the postwar era. Created with the support of the Rockefeller Foundation in 1947, the Sixth Section was meant to meet the need for economic expertise during reconstruction. First, “realistic economists”, then dominant within the institution, advocated a pluralistic approach to economic facts and used the methodology of other social sciences. Very quickly, however, this approach was considered too removed from the patrons’ concerns and the attempts to bring economists closer to political and economic powers failed in the mid-1950s. In addition, the reorganization of the scientific agenda of the Sixth Section around the so-called “areas study program” promoted other approaches to economic facts, in particular economic history and economic anthropology, accentuating the decline of economics at EHESS. In the mid-1970s, however, the institution's new leadership helped the revival of economics around theoretical modeling. Based on international scientific standards, this approach estranged economists from other social science disciplines
Bates, Karine. „Les femmes et le système juridique en Inde : entre l'idéologie et les faits: analyse anthropologique de la conception des droits à travers les transactions économiques au moment du mariage“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0017/MQ47252.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSabta, Houyem. „Fluctuations internationales et conjoncture économique tunisienne“. Thesis, Toulon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUL2003/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of the thesis is to study the Tunisian business cycles. We focus mainly on the following questions: To what extent do they synchronize with the economic fluctuations of the developed countries and what are transmission mechanisms of such fluctuations on the Tunisian business cycles? To tackle this problem, the work is organized into three chapters. The first chapter seeks to compare the Tunisian business cycles to international business cycles, represented by four developed countries: France, Italy, Germany (which are the main trade partners of Tunisia) and the United States (due to their importance in the world economy). In the second chapter, the work introduces the extraction of cyclical components of domestic and external macroeconomic variables (global and sector levels) in order to identify the sources of shocks and channels through which these shocks are transmitted. The last chapter deals with an econometric validation of the stylized facts presented in the first and second chapter and seeks to find out the degree to which the new neoclassical synthesis can be applied to the Tunisian business cycles. The stylized facts show that the Tunisian business cycle is sensitive to three categories of variables, (real, monetary and financial variables), this result confirms the theory of the New Neoclassical Synthesis. The structural VAR model and the dynamic latent factor model validate the stylized facts. Indeed, the estimation of the structural VAR model shows that the three shocks that contribute the most to the variance of the Tunisian GDP are supply shocks, monetary shocks and external shocks. Concerning the synchronization of the Tunisian business cycle with those of developed countries according to unobservable factor model of Stock and Watson, the results show a significant role of the common factor on the Tunisian business cycle. For the determinants of synchronization of the Tunisian business cycle with those of developed countries, the transmission of fluctuations in trading partner countries seems to be carried out through domestic demand, the international price index of raw materials and the money market rates in the Euro zone. Tunisian exports and imports showed a significant role with the first trading partner, France. For the United States, the fluctuations are transmitted through two "European" variables, the money market rates in the euro zone and remittances of immigrants, suggesting the intermediary role of European trade partners in the transmission of American and international fluctuations to the Tunisian economy
Sabta, Houyem. „Fluctuations internationales et conjoncture économique tunisienne“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUL2003.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of the thesis is to study the Tunisian business cycles. We focus mainly on the following questions: To what extent do they synchronize with the economic fluctuations of the developed countries and what are transmission mechanisms of such fluctuations on the Tunisian business cycles? To tackle this problem, the work is organized into three chapters. The first chapter seeks to compare the Tunisian business cycles to international business cycles, represented by four developed countries: France, Italy, Germany (which are the main trade partners of Tunisia) and the United States (due to their importance in the world economy). In the second chapter, the work introduces the extraction of cyclical components of domestic and external macroeconomic variables (global and sector levels) in order to identify the sources of shocks and channels through which these shocks are transmitted. The last chapter deals with an econometric validation of the stylized facts presented in the first and second chapter and seeks to find out the degree to which the new neoclassical synthesis can be applied to the Tunisian business cycles. The stylized facts show that the Tunisian business cycle is sensitive to three categories of variables, (real, monetary and financial variables), this result confirms the theory of the New Neoclassical Synthesis. The structural VAR model and the dynamic latent factor model validate the stylized facts. Indeed, the estimation of the structural VAR model shows that the three shocks that contribute the most to the variance of the Tunisian GDP are supply shocks, monetary shocks and external shocks. Concerning the synchronization of the Tunisian business cycle with those of developed countries according to unobservable factor model of Stock and Watson, the results show a significant role of the common factor on the Tunisian business cycle. For the determinants of synchronization of the Tunisian business cycle with those of developed countries, the transmission of fluctuations in trading partner countries seems to be carried out through domestic demand, the international price index of raw materials and the money market rates in the Euro zone. Tunisian exports and imports showed a significant role with the first trading partner, France. For the United States, the fluctuations are transmitted through two "European" variables, the money market rates in the euro zone and remittances of immigrants, suggesting the intermediary role of European trade partners in the transmission of American and international fluctuations to the Tunisian economy
Sahloul, Ahmed. „Study of Egyptian macroeconomic fluctuations (1974-2010)“. Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1G002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis studies Egyptian macroeconomic fluctuations and compares their sources to those of some Middle East and North African (MENA) countries. A wide range of econometric methods are used to investigate the synchronization among Egyptian and MENA classical and growth cycles, and to quantify their sources of fluctuations along with their responses to these sources of shocks. We find no evidence of synchronization between Egyptian cycles and those of MENA and of developed countries. The sources of Egyptian macroeconomic fluctuations are almost equally divided among domestic and foreign shocks, and oil prices shocks appear to be the main driver behind output fluctuations. Moreover, domestic supply and demand shocks play a positive role in moderating negative foreign shocks affecting the economy
Chekly, Edward. „Étude juridique de la théorie des circonstances exceptionnelles en matière financière en droit français“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ULILD019.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleExceptional public financial management, deviating from the principals or rules of budgetary, accounting and financial law, is possible under French public law. It is probable given the exceptions allowed by public economic law in matters of State intervention in the national economy and the increased financial vulnerability of private individuals and entities and non-State public persons in exceptional circumstances. The political risk of extraordinary financial measures or operations, infringing on the right to property, where applicable by an event of “insolvency” of the State, is real in exceptional circumstances, while the risk of the banalization of exceptional financial measures and operations, including extraordinary ones, is limited when they infringe on the right to property or social rights. If the phenomenon of credit has been put forward to the forefront of public finances in the circumstances of the two “total wars” of 1914 and 1939 and the foreign occupation of the national territory of 1940, public needs in the respective and successive circumstances of the “subprime” financial crisis of 2009, the social crisis of the “yellow vests” of 2018, the “Covid-19” health crisis of 2020 and the energy crisis of 2021 have jointly put forward that of the State’s off-balance sheet commitments
Belkaab, Mohammed. „Problèmes d'intégration économique maghrébine : prise de conscience et résistance des faits“. Nancy 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NAN20001.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the light of the first attempt at industrial integration, and the changing national, regional and international economic climate. The aim of this work is: - to put into question a number of perspectives on economic integration in the third world, especially in maghreb. - to reestablish existing relations betwen the economic theory of integration and the economic facts. Given the particular factors of the economic structures of the maghreb the theorical analysis of integration proves to be a special case of the economic theory of development. In reality economic integration does not provide a short time solution. That's why by reconsidering the regional grouping of the maghreb, we can avoid the narrow solutions provided by established forms of integration
Ben, Moussa Aïda. „L'hôpital tunisien à l'épreuve des faits : quelle stratégie pour quelle ambition?“ Lyon 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO33004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMoyen, Léandre Serge. „La responsabilité des communes du fait de leur intervention dans le domaine économique“. Aix-Marseille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX32032.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLongomo, Mengeli. „Fait administratif et perspectives du développement du Zai͏̈re“. Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA070053.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn all modern states, public administration intervenes in the most various fields of public life. That intervention is more accentuated in the states of third world. In zaire, beside theses traditional missions appropriate at all administrative systeme, national development is a mission of prime importance for the public administration. But that mission is unsteady or is not assured at all, because the public administration is maladjusted to the needs internal possibilities of the country. A lot of obstacles, especially the mimesis of structure and functionning, the politisation and general unconsciousness of the public administration's role, the obstacles appropriated to the local administration, the perverses effects of the exterior dedt, the non efficiency of administrative reforms stop the good functionning of public adlinistration. We have to recognize, in public administration as in many others, the models of europe and america cannot be transfert automaticly
Deffains, Bruno. „L'analyse économique de la responsabilité civile de producteur en cas d'accidents provoqués par son produit“. Nancy 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NAN20009.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study is an economic analysis of product liability rules as devices preventing accidents caused by products. Immediately it was admited that legal rules influence the behavior of individuals. Il becomes interesting to shed the light on this effects with the help of economic theory. After discuting the basis of economic analysis of the law, the relative desirability of several producers liability rules are studied in a first party to begin with a simple model involving a producer and a consumer. Next the model is widened to include eventually price maker firms, imperfect information of consumer or judges, risk aversion, insurance markets or products presenting different levels of reliability. In a second party, the economic effects of recent evolution of American, European and French law are studied. These different regulations tend to favour a form of liability without fault. This evolution doesn't seem however to be in accordance with the main conclusions of economic analysis particularly in case of contributory negligence or state of the art defense. Well applied, a rule of liability withfault can permit to minimise social cost of accidents
Ghoulmié, François. „Modélisation en mécanique statistique d'agents adaptatifs : hétérogénéité et rétroaction dans des systèmes socio-économique“. Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066056.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBilles, Eric. „L'ouverture extérieure chinoise : de la Chine à une grande Chine ? : une étude du fait sino-transnational“. Grenoble 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE21012.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe subject of this thesis is to study the nature and the scope of china's open door policy. The external politics of china, originally, based on chinese definition of economic nationalism, are legitimated by the "raison de regime". These politics are reflected by a relative realization of liberalization and decentralization reforms. These are characterized by a strong patriotic orientation. Thus, if we consider the economic and financial power of compatriots of hong kong and taiwan and the remarkable position of the chinese overseas communities within singapore. Thailand, malaysia, indonesia and the philippines, the "southernalization" of foreign direct investment and foreign trade flows covers, under an apparent nationality, the reality of a sino-chinese orientation. The chinese origin of the patriotic managers ensures, without any doubt, a "specific local relational positioning" of the patriotic company. An inquiry realised in china shows that these firms follow, generally, "glocal strategy" in short or medium term, based on these specific concurrential positionings. These strategies, mainly determined by costs, are oriented towards international markets and/or domestic local markets. In a more macroeconomic perspective, the patriotic orientation of china's open door policy leads to a new definition of the "continental equation" but also to a recomposition of the whole "chinese question" in greater china terms (china, hong kong and taiwan). If taiwanese patriotic direct investment can contribute to reinforce the economic and political links between the continent and taiwan, this could therefore also serve the great chinese ambition of the end of this century the greater china
Planchenault, Nadège. „Les régions dans l'Union européenne : le fait régional, vecteur d'intégration communautaire ?“ Nantes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NANT4018.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe thesis proposes to analyse the role of the regions in the European economic and politic integration process, since the signature of the Treaty establishing the European community of steal and coal in 1951 until the recent writing of the Lisbon Treaty in 2007. More precisely, it is interesting to determine how regions, defined as well as geographic space of regional development that as institutional space with democratic legitimacy, were able to affect the economic and politic integration of the European Union. Regions developed an intense relationship with the European institutions, thwarting the obstacles developped by the member states that wanted to maintain their entire sovereignty, in particular in the European matters. Regions seem to have a double label in the European Union integration: not only they are the key instruments at the core of the European economic and politic integration process as well as land management, which get involved more and more, but they also manage progressively to become emancipated from states and European power, in order to influence by their own the European construction. Finally, they appear today as a key element in the European integration process, in which they contribute to clarify the special juridical being
Borda, Patrice. „Chocs et changements de régimes sur le marché du travail : persistance, hystéresis : faits, théories et politiques“. Nice, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NICE0051.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the '70s, nations 'main concern was price. Today, they worry about mass unemployment. As a matter of fact, these last two decades, unemployment rate has steadly increase in most western countries. Wa can easily understant that under such conditions, one of the most worrying characteristics of this evolution is unemployment persistence. Indeed, this latter is far from going back to its law levelin the 60's despite the economic recovery (after the dollar devaluation). The aim of this dissertation is then to explain on a theoretical and empirical level, unemeployment hysteresis. Though a serie of methods which are the unit root model, var models and non linear models. The well known models help support the empirical results. The failure of stabilisation mecanisms due to wage-setting and the dualism in the labor market showed that the new theories could explain a great variety of stilisyzed facts
Lechat, Catherine. „Les chauffeurs poids lourds, un groupe socio-économique, dans les faits et les mentalités, de 1934 à nos jours, en France“. Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100159.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLorry driver’s analysis is elaborated in two times: economic study and socio-politic study. In the first part, you study the dichotomy: reglementation real situation of the transport of merchandises. If a more rational organization is sea rched, the sector makes gred strides. In the 1980's it meets some problems, stressing mutations begun in the 1970's. You can translate it by a banalization of the profession, studied in the second part. Specific group, but not marginal, it loses particularisms. But, some comportments and attitudes appear bound by lorry. But, forgotten, the lorry driver fed a myth of a lot of facets. What's about? Little middle classes or corporation? The independents constitute on element of the middle classes, with their lorry and strength of work. And the wage earner see them like working classes, but they 're near their employers in every day life. But the corporative felling stay associated with the lorry : strike of 1984 and 1992. Individualism, without constation, defines them
Nguimbi, Aimé Césaire. „La réorientation des relations commerciales UE-ACP du fait de la convention de Cotonou“. Bordeaux 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR40004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAfter several years of commercial relationships based on non-reciprocal preferences, The European Union (EU) and a number of African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries have agreed to break with this system. The abandonment of this system, which envisaged successive agreements signed within the framework of the Lomé Convention, was sanctioned with the creation of the Cotonou Agreement, allowing the liberalization of commercial exchanges through Economic Partnership Agreements (EPA). Indeed, the commercial preferences granted unilaterally to ACP countries have not brought about the expected outcomes. On an economic level, for example, the results of the Lomé Convention have been on the whole disappointing. The gradual break up of this preferential system meant it could no longer guarantee the economic growth and development of ACP states. Furthermore, the incompatibilities of the Lomé system with the commercial regulations set up by the GATT-WTO render the fundamental principles of the Lomé Convention ineligible. It is for this reason that the EU and the ACP countries, parties in the Cotonou Agreement, have decided to put in place new commercial tools which comply with OMC regulations. With this project now underway, we are already position to conjecture ont its potential impacts. With the exception of the unique EPA between the EU and CARIFORUM, all of the EPA signed to date are intermediate and bilateral agreements, drawn up within a piecemeal process. We can believe therefore, with good reason, that the impact of EPA remains marked by numerous incertainties
Anin, Anin Jacques. „La croissance de l'endettement du Tiers-Monde est-elle essentiellement le fait des causes conjoncturelles ou structurelles ? : Quelles solutions proposer ?“ Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF10001.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the first part of this paper it was shown that the debt crisis which occurred in the early 80s is a combination of conjonctural and structural factors. In fact, as far as the conjonctural factors, we find petrol crisis and the inflation they made higher and higher on the one hand, and on the other hand the increase of the american currency as well as the international interest rates. As for the structural factors, we find the international debt economy and the mode of development followed by the countries which are concerned. The "econometric" analysises which have been made on that matter state that the first kind of factors, namely conjonctural factors have played a prevailing part towards the starting of this crisis. In the second part, it has been studied the therapies that were suggested for this problem
Anin, Anin Jacques. „La Croissance de l'endettement du tiers-monde est-elle essentiellement le fait des causes conjoncturelles ou structurelles ? Quelles solutions proposer ?“ Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37602245c.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNewman, Anneke. „Faith, identity, status and schooling: An ethnography of educational decision-making in northern Senegal“. Doctoral thesis, University of Sussex, Falmer, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/319707.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleYayi, Boni Thomas. „Monnaie, systèmes financiers et croissance économique dans les pays membres de l'Union Monétaire Ouest-Africaine (UMOA) : la stratégie néo-libérale à l'épreuve des faits“. Paris 9, 1991. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1991PA090046.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe theories of development admit the implicit hypothesis that the monetary and financial dimension is automatically present at each stage of the development process. However, the financial difficulties the young nations are actually facing, in financing their development have made some neo liberal economists ponder over the impact of financial structures on the level of development. These countries must pursue a genuine policy to mobilize domestic savings. In that respect they must strengthen their financial systems and have a neo liberal strategy in their monetary policy (exchangerate, interest rate, etc. . . ). As far as the countries of the west african monetary union (w. A. M. U) are concerned, the mckinnon whaw theory better accounts for the specificities of those countries. Our thesis gives a critical survey of the organisation and the financial systems and of the way in which these monetary institutions are subordinated to national authorities with an econometric approach it singles out the reciprocal relations of causality betwwen financial interlmediation and the level of activityhence those countries must reinforce the financial reforms which have been undertaken to safeguard the indepence of the central bank and the autonomy of the governor for a real monetary policy eased on mobilizing domestic savingthis financial liberalization must go with the strategies of opening up the trades and tax reforms. Along with all the measures aiming at the flexibility of the economy which is likely to reduce the actual exchange rate in order to guarantee the competitiveness of commodities in the worlo market. The thesis also formulates a set of political recommendations for the reinstatement of the financial institutions and instruments in those countries in order to take advantage of the financial liberalization within the single 1993 european market. With the theoretical foundations of the free banking system, the thesis ends with the
Hammoud, Hassan. „L'aménagement régional au Liban, étude d'un cas type : le caza de Sai͏̈da, le fait de développement conjoncturel“. Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010664.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn spite of their high socio-economical potentials, a region and its chef-town are undergoing the misuse of their naturel resources, and are suffering from the scarcity of general services, mainly concentrated on Saida. Since lebanease leaders have been centering all their efforts on the development of the capital beirut, people from other areas are now looking forward to changing the geopolitical circumstances wich thereby entails a better conjuncture that souts their own region's upgrowth
Barrera, Rodriguez Oscar David. „Information and data manipulation in political economy and household contexts“. Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0190.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAccess to information is essential for several reasons. First, it is a way to create knowledge. Economists consider that information has economic value because it allows individuals to make choice that yield higher expected payoffs or expected utility than they would obtain from choices made in the absence of information. Access to information is also essential to the health of democracy. It first ensures that citizens make responsible, informed choices rather than acting out of ignorance. It also serves a “checking function”: having access to information allows citizens to check and to pass judgement on the conduct of their elected representatives. While information is easy to create and spread, it is in the meantime easy to manipulate. It is thus crucial that individuals have the skills to evaluate information and its sources critically before incorporating selected information into their knowledge base ad value system. This dissertation deals precisely with these issues, by exploring the role that information has along three axes. It first assesses the effect of an intervention aimed at informing parents about parenting practices on early child development outcomes (Chapter 1). It then investigates the impact of providing fact-checks of statements by candidates on voters’ electoral preferences and perceptions (Chapter 2). It finally explores the link between political ideology and the reliability of homicide data in countries with local conflicts (Chapter 3)
Autier, Antoine. „Charles Rist et la question de la dévaluation en France (1919-1937) : un "complexe monétaire" à l'épreuve des faits“. Paris 8, 2012. http://octaviana.fr/document/177810785#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe thesis aims at explaining the positions taken by the French economist Charles Rist when, at two different moments in the period 1919-1937, he was confronted to the same question: whether or not devaluating the franc? This thesis, which mixes the History of economic thought and the History of economic facts, is structured in three parts. The first provides an overview of the French economy in the entire period. The second shows how Rist expressed his ideas on monetary stabilization in the 1920s, and more precisely the way he took part to the stabilization of the franc. The third goes on analyzing the monetary ideas of Rist in the environment of the 1930s when the economic crisis was followed by a currency crisis setting in motion the collapse of the gold standard, and specifies the evolution of his position on the devaluation of the franc. In the conclusion we embrace the whole course of Rist and we enlighten it with analytical elements derived from his theoretical work to identify the existence in him of a "monetary complex", but also to determine how much he could overcome it in different historical contexts
Diourte, Adama Sidiki. „Le marché des sondages en France : rapports entre commande et mise en œuvre d’une méthode d’analyse des faits sociaux“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA080067.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSample surveys, yesterday and today, are the subject of debate in the scientific community. This debate tends to focus not only on certain types of surveys (opinion polls and voting intentions) but also to exclude from the field of social science research the social relationships between the actors involved in the production of these surveys, namely institutes and sponsors. In this study, I proposed to question the social relationships that are established between institutes and their clients when conducting a survey. To do this, I conducted a qualitative survey of companies providing survey services and their customers in France. The methodological system consisted of semi-structured interviews with persons in charge of placing a survey order (at the client's premises) and those in charge of designing methodological tools for its execution (in the institute). The interview data were supplemented by a participant observation in the institute and by secondary data. Thus, this work describes the springs of the circuit of a custom-made survey. It provides answers to questions about the expectations of clients regarding these surveys, how they choose the provider institute, the rationale and issues involved in building data collection tools and the interpretation of survey results
Kroll, Jean-Christophe. „Politique agricole et relations internationales : les enseignements théoriques et pratiques de l'histoire économique contemporaine des idées et des faits pour une réforme de la politique agricole en France et dans la CEE“. Paris 10, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA100084.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe first part of the thesis is devoted to a critical survey of the different conceptions concerning the role of the state in agricultural matters proposed by the main contemporary theoretical analysis trends in agricultural economics it vindicates the historical method used to analyze the different modes of regulation of the agricultural policy having prevailed after 1945. The analysis in economics history made in the second part shows the strong relations existing between the movement of international relations and the great periods of evolution of the agricultural policy regulation methods. The lessons of this historical analysis are used in the third part of the work to put forward a few rules along with some management principles, essential for the achievement of the necessary reformation of the CAP and its application in a country like France. The fourth part is made up of a synthesis of different summaries from sectorial and regional research. It illustrates the analytical work of a more general interest carried in the previous parts and brings forward the actual ground experience this study is stemming from
Fines, Francette. „Étude de la responsabilité extracontractuelle de la communauté économique européenne : de la référence aux "principes généraux communs" (Art. 215 Al. 2 ) à l'édification jurisprudentielle d'un système autonome“. Bordeaux 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR1D003.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe article 215 paragraph 2 eec assigns to the european communities court of justice, the function of elaborating the rules of law that are applicable in the scope of the non contractual liability. However, the court must take as a guide the general principles common to the laws of the member states. It seems that these latters can be considered as guiding principles that are extracted by a comparative study from the national laws. Besides, a comparative study that concerns all the systems of non contractual liability of the public administrations in the twelve member states of the eec reveals the variety and the particularism of the national solutions. So, the court of justice was lead to elaborate a very new law that was essentially characterised by his autonomy. This autonomy appears in the survey of the action in liability and also of the system of communitany and non contractual liability. Finally, the law of the eec appears inserted very deeply in the question of the communitary building
Bourgeois, David. „La mine, un fait urbain ? : traces du capitalisme médiéval dans le Rhin supérieur (XIVe-XVe siècles)“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Mulhouse, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024MULH8915.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe development of non-ferrous polymetallic metal mines in the southern part of the Vosges mountains, from the 14th century onwards, considerably transformed the economy of the Upper Rhine. The end of the medieval period, during the second half of the 15th century, saw the acceleration of this movement thanks to the economic strength of the Upper Rhine. Basel merchants were among the main protagonists of this momentum which saw mines opening from the Habsburg territories to the County of Burgundy. This mining episode is an opportunity to highlight the traces of medieval capitalism asserting itself in Basel, on the banks of the Rhine
Elias, Antonio. „La répartition des risques dans le contrat de travail : étude comparative entre le droit français et le droit libanais“. Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1G006.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe risks allocation reveals a major importance in the employment contract. It shows the originality and the specificity of the exchange inside this contract and equally reveals its protective role. It provides a risk protection for the employee as a counterpart of his subordination, and consequently imputes the risks on the employer, being granted the management power. New technologies and communication information as well as the evolution of production techniques have revolutionized new ways of organizing work. Legal subordination designed and used as a fundamental and distinguishing criterion of the employment contract appears to be insufficient to distinguish this contract from other contracts of service. The risks allocation, however, has become a dominant and primary criterion in the employment contract allowing the judge to form an adaptable and evolutional approach of such contracts
Fall, Samba. „Economie du droit et indicateurs de qualité dans le domaine de la justice“. Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100106.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBernard, Yohan. „La perception du prix des produits tout à fait nouveaux : vers un prix de référence interne constuit, le cas de la musique à la demande sur Internet“. Paris 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA020076.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDiarra, Krikou. „Diaspora ivoirienne en Ile-de-France et construction identitaire en migration : une analyse socio-anthropologique du fait associatif“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAG006.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis PhD research is an essay about systemization of the analysis of the Ivorian community in France, in order to understand, first the active logic inside structure within associative actions, and second, to make intelligible the diaspora process which the community faces.This means to question the diaspora dynamism at the heart of the Ivorian associative movement in Paris area in order to detect the logic upon which the breaking up of such an associative field lies. Studies have been led on a principle, which is the combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches. According to the research, the fragmentation of the associative field and the emergence of diaspora unawareness among the Ivorian community in the Paris area belong the same process, which is the establishment of an identity whose stakes lie upon a quest of visibility at the same time, at the center of the settings and at the source
Desnoix, Emeric. „L'entreprise face à la justice pénale : étude comparée du droit français / droits anglo-saxons“. Tours, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOUR1004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThere is serious concern about the criminality of business enterprises. Indeed, this issue relates to numerous offences : white collar crime, health and safety offences, matters of pollution, corporate fraud, and also conventional crime (such as manslaughter). The aim is to study how the authorities enforce the criminal law, and how the culpable agent is to be identified within corporation. It is then necessary to see how he can be made criminally responsible for his acts, and finally sanctioned. In particular, this analysis encompasses both corportate and individual liability. In various aspects, corporate crime contravenes may conventional criminological principles and regulations, some of which have thefore been adapted (e. G. Rules attributing blame to the offender). Thus, the legal responses to corporate wrongs actually modify the way in which the criminal law conceptualizes the corporation itself
Van, Gool Elias. „Product Liability in a More Circular Economy : A Study of Liability for Alternative Methods of Distributing and Producing Consumer Goods“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/ToutIDP/EDSJPG/2024/2024ULILD015.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSpecific, more strict theories of product liability, which have now largely been maximally harmonised in the EU, have developed on the basis of a linear economic model. By using doctrinal and economic legal research, this thesis examines the state of EU product liability law and how it is tested by alternative, circular economic methods of distributing and producing consumer goods, like product reuse, repurposing, resales and other retransfers, repairs, refurbishments and remanufacturing. Besides direct relevance to circular economy in the consumer goods sector, this study of so-far overlooked questions offers new theoretical insights about product liability with broader academic and practical relevance. After a general introduction to the domains of product liability and circular economy, a normative framework is developed that blends distributive justice in terms of economic efficiency with corrective justice. Subsequently, it is argued that also in a more circular economic setting a more strict product liability rule like the EU harmonisation is preferable in light of this normative framework, while the added value of product liability increases compared to its main regulatory alternatives. The thesis then studies the application to the aforementioned circular strategies of current EU product liability law based on the 1985 Directive and its almost finally adopted 2024 successor. Overall, EU product liability law turns out to be quite versatile and its relevance in a more circular consumption sector is improved by several of the new proposed rules. Nevertheless, some limitations remain and also some interpretative issues are identified in the proposed new Directive, for which amendments are proposed
Cormier, Maxime. „Une limite à l'exécution forcée du contrat : la disproportion manifeste de l'article 1221 du Code civil“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Panthéon-Assas, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ASSA0066.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe recent reform of French contract law has not only stated in the Civil Code that the creditor has a right to the specific performance in the event of breach of contract. Article 1221 of the Civil Code also provides for a new exception to this remedy “if there is a manifest disproportion between its cost to the debtor in good faith and its interest for the creditor”. While this new limitation is generally considered to be a mere variation of the theory of abuse of rights, it is submitted that it can be considered autonomously. The first part of the thesis aims to identify the exception, i.e. to ascertain its core elements. As it appears, the exception is based on a particular tool – the test of manifest disproportion – designed for a specific purpose - to avoid the economic inefficiency of specific performance -, the said purpose justifying the impairment of the binding force of the contract. Thus, the exception differs from other rules based on the idea of proportionality, but also from other rules pursuing a moral purpose, such as the theory of abuse of rights. The second part of the thesis focuses on the implementation of the new exception. The presentation of the various practical aspects of the said exception proceeds from two approaches – a static and dynamic – of the essential task of the judge: the characterisation of the manifest disproportion
Fabre, Marie. „L’usufruit atypique : contribution à la notion de démembrement de la propriété“. Thesis, Paris 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA020049.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the face of the limits of a social model organization based on absolute property rights, the right of usufruct (usufruit), which can be defined as a temporary right of use on another individual’s property, appears nowadays as fundamental tool. Usufruct is also a thriving tool, as evidenced by the growing diversification of its implementations. In this regard, the rise of atypical forms of usufruct – usufruct rights that differ substantially from the traditional form and regime of usufruct – is particularly striking. Quasi-usufruct (also known as irregular usufruct), successive usufruct, temporary, conditional or potential usufruct, as well as usufruct on debts, shares, and intellectual property rights are just examples of this booming phenomenon. They are the subject of this research. More precisely, this research seeks to determine whether such atypical rights of usufruct may be accommodated to the more traditional form of usufruct. In other word, the question is whether a characterization and legal regime common to both traditional and atypical forms of usufruct can be achieved. Therefore, this study aims at resolving past debates over the characterization of usufruct as a breaking-up of property rights and at providing remedies to the well-known insufficiencies in the traditional legal framework of usufruct rights, such as the absence of interpersonal relations between the parties, and more generally, their strict dissociation in the actual exercise of the usufruct right. In this perspective, this research on the atypical forms of usufruct is the occasion to fully rethink this legal institution, and opens the way for its prospective renewal
Rakotoarison, Tahina Fabrice Jocelyn. „Du secret des affaires : étude de droit comparé (français-malgache)“. Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01D004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEven if trade secrets seem to be a well-known concept since it has been practiced throughout history, because of the great value of the information in the modern economy i.e., a competitive edge that it provides, we have to, now more than ever, renew all the interests on this topic. In other words, it has to be recognized as a full legal concept. In order to achieve this aim, we have to find out what makes trade secret practicing legitimate while transparency is the rule. Then, the effectiveness of legal protection of trade secrets must be insured. Numerous provisions may offer protection to the trade secrets but, special attention must be paid on litigations. Indeed, trade secrets are at risk to be disclosed during the legal proceedings. In any case, specific trade secrets act is relevant to ensure a necessary foreseeability of the protection of trade secrets. In all these aspects, a comparative approach between the French law and Malagasy law is relevant. In fact, even if there is an obvious proximity between the two systems, solutions are not necessarily the same
Favre, Guillaume. „Des rencontres dans la mondialisation : réseaux et apprentissages dans un salon de distribution de programmes de télévision en Afrique sub-saharienne“. Thesis, Paris 9, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA090045/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this dissertation, we analyze the social construction of a market of TV programs in Sub-Saharan Africa. Based on the study of a trade fair where buyers (TV channels, distribution intermediaries) and sellers of TV programs (studios, distributors and independent producers) can meet, negotiate, discuss, and close deals, we try to understand how this event participates in the transformation of the ways in which TV programs were “exchanged” in Africa and in the integration of the African TV programs market into the global one. TV programs distribution at the global level has long been considered to be a market. But until recently in Sub-Saharan Africa, TV channels used to acquire programs “for free” through diverse ways. Political, economic and technical evolutions have slowly transformed this sector into a market. The trade fair under examination in this research plays a central role in this evolution because it is the first to bring together the microcosm of this industry. We studied this event for three years and ran three surveys in order to collect social network data and analyze informal information exchange networks between attendees of the events. We study how trade fairs attendees learn from each other and define, select and share market values, norms and rules
Brailly, Julien. „Coopérer pour résister : interactions marchandes et réseaux multiniveaux dans un salon d'échanges de programmes de télévision en Europe Centrale et Orientale“. Thesis, Paris 9, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA090066.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleToday television programs produced by a few American companies, the Majors, are among the most popular with viewers. This dissertation examines the process of cultural uniformisation that has driven this phenomenon by focusing on commercial interactions in the global distribution market for television programs. We observe both the actors who promote this uniformisation, the Majors, and the others, who try to resist it. To do this we look at how trade fairs in this sector work. Indeed, this industry is structured by a set of recurrent and annual trade fairs and festivals. The captation strategy of the Majors consists in offering only exclusive contracts and free-riding on the trade fairs themselves. During these events, they leave the official marketplace while remaining in the close vicinity in order to organize private screenings and attract the buyers with the deepest pockets. This behavior is tolerated because the participation, at least formal, ofthe Majors is vital for the organizers of the trade fairs due to the popularity of their production with buyers and the public. Based on ethnographic observations, organizational analyses and a multilevel network study (i.e. inter-individual networks of information exchange and of scheduled meetings, and inter-organizational networks of contracts between companies) in the main tradefair of Eastern Europe, we show that the weakest parties in the system can cooperate to resist the domination of the Majors. This cooperation is often based on local, triadic mechanisms that are multilevel, multimilieux and multiplex that we identify with their substructures, determinants and probability of occurrence
Escobar, Cecillia-Luca. „Approche anthropologique de la présence du don contemporain dans deux expériences locales d'échange alternatif: les foires de multi-troc colombiennes et les Systèmes d'Echange Local français“. Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210341.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleL’enquête porte sur un échange de biens, parallèle à l’échange marchand et localement accompli dans le contexte d’un monde globalisé, perspective qui inscrit la recherche dans le champ de l’anthropologie économique des mondes contemporains.
Le phénomène de la mondialisation, associé au progrès des techniques de communication, permettant d’observer des procédés analogues, engendrés par des causes communes dans différentes parties du monde, le terrain, tel que défini ci-dessus, fut réalisé sur deux sites socio-culturellement différents puisque implantés en Colombie pour l’un, et en France, pour l’autre. Ces deux sites furent traités comme un seul terrain multi-local dont le croisement des données recueillies a enrichi l’analyse.
Avant de passer à la partie descriptive des ethnographies réalisées, le travail évoque des théories et des expériences antérieures qui ont permis de reconnaître la différence entre les expérimentations monétaires et les systèmes d’échange multilatéral ou dispositifs comptables centralisés employant une unité de compte pour faciliter les échanges. La production et la consommation sont stimulées par un type de monnaie qui joue un rôle complémentaire à la devise officielle et permet des transactions multilatérales.
Devant la diversité des systèmes alternatifs à l’échange marchand, un choix s’imposait pour déterminer ceux qui seraient l’objet de l’enquête de terrain. Les initiatives sélectionnées pour une observation directe furent les foires de multi-troc colombiennes et les systèmes d’échange local (SEL) français.
Les deux monographies décrivent le déroulement des investigations en Colombie et en France, ainsi que les constats qui s’imposèrent à leur issue.
Il apparaît qu’au-delà de la raison économique d’échanger biens et services sans se soumettre à l’usage de l’argent comme fin en soi, les adhérents à ces expériences de micro-économie y trouvent un milieu propice à cultiver de nouvelles relations sociales. Les raisons de participer sont multiples mais s’alignent souvent sur des valeurs communes telles que la confiance, l’entraide, le respect de l’autre, la tolérance ou la solidarité, autant de logiques qui font de ces groupements, des espaces de création de liens sociaux favorables à l’émergence du don moderne. Tel qu’il a été développé et actualisé par Jacques T. Godbout, Alain Caillé et les exposants du Mouvement Anti-Utilitariste dans les Sciences Sociales –M.A.U.S.S.- ./ABSTRACT
The main objective of this thesis is the analysis of configurations of the social link emerging within alternate systems of local exchange, in order to find traces of the “maussian gift”.
The investigation covers the exchange of property which is parallel to trade exchange and is locally accomplished in the context of a global world, a perspective which integrates our research within the field of economic anthropology of contemporary worlds.
The phenomenon of the globalization, coupled with advances in communication technology, allows us to observe similar processes around the world, engendered by common causes. The fieldwork, as mentioned above, was realized on two socio - culturally different sites, one in Colombia, the other one in France. These two sites were treated as a single multi-local fieldwork, and their combined information enriched our analysis.
Before proceeding to the descriptive part of the conducted ethnographic research, the document evokes theories and previous experiences which allowed us to recognize the difference between monetary experiments and multilateral trading systems or devices using a centralized accounting unit to facilitate the exchanges. The production and the consumption are stimulated by a type of exchange that is complementary to the official currency and allows multilateral transactions.
Considering the variety of alternative systems in the exchange market, a choice was necessary to determine, who would be the object of the fieldwork. The initiatives selected for direct observation were the Colombian multi-barter fairs and the French systems of local exchange (SEL).
Both monographs describe the progress of investigations in Colombia and in France, as well as the resulting reports.
It seems that, apart from the economic reason for exchanging goods and services without being subject to the use of money, which is an end in itself, those who take part in such experiences of microeconomics find a convenient environment to cultivate new social relationships.
The reasons for participating are numerous, but often aligned on common values such as trust, mutual aid, respect for the others, tolerance or solidarity, which all contribute to transform these gatherings into spaces mean to create social links favourable to the emergence of the modern gift. This theory was developed and updated by Jacques T. Godbout, Alain Caillé and the members of the Anti-Utilitarian Movement in Social Science -M.A.U.S.S.-.
Doctorat en sciences sociales, Orientation anthropologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Ouedraogo, Djibrihina. „L’autonomisation des juridictions financières dans l’espace UEMOA : étude sur l’évolution des Cours des comptes“. Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR40035/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAfter the access in their independence, the French-speaking African states have taken the device of control of public finances inspired by the French organic ordinance of January 2, 1959. But, The system implemented has not produced the expected results. In fact, most institutions of control have been ineffective or inefficient.The Chambers of Auditors of Supreme Courts, which had to fulfill the functions of the French Court of Auditors, have had a theoretical and textual existence.To boost financial jurisdiction, the WAEMU treaty signed in 1994 obliges the Members States to the creation of an independent Court of Auditors instead of the Chambers of Auditors of the Supreme Courts. This organic empowerment of the judicial institution of control would allow him to get a status and adequate resources to fulfill its mission of judicial control of public finances. A decade after creation of the first Courts of Auditors, the aim of this study is to get an overview of the reform
Leclerc, Caroline. „Le renouvellement de l'office du juge administratif français“. Thesis, Dijon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012DIJOD005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe study of the evolution of the methods used by the French administrative judge is necessarily connected to the new priorities that were chosen regarding the carrying out of his functions. « Pass judgment and resolve disputes » remains the foremost mission of the administrative judge. Some of the aspects of his powers and duties have nevertheless grown in importance as part of a policy of strengthening his legitimacy.. Indeed , administrative courts increasingly take into account the persons subject to trial and they have focused the revitalization of the jurisdiction on the protection of fundamental rights, a favoured field for the dialogue of judges. Those strong orientations led to a deep reform of their techniques and methods of judgment. The French administrative judge is now fully in accordance with the requirements of administrative actions and the issues at stake. Whether it concerns reviews of legality or their outcome, those interventions are obviously efficient. Thanks to the powers he now detains, the French administrative judge brings an adequate response to the needs of modern justice and has once again taken up the tough challenge of self-reforming his functions
Hébert, Patricia. „Le cycle dans les marchés de l'immobilier au Canada : quelques faits stylisés et lien avec le cycle économique“. Mémoire, 2008. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/978/1/M10350.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGoyette-Côté, Gabriel. „Le "nouveau régime de l'aide" à l'épreuve des faits : du consensus de Washington à la déclaration de Paris“. Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3744/1/M11635.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMarcoux, Aude Marie. „Les initiatives du Canada en matière d'allégement de la dette des pays en développement les plus pauvres : un leader qui ne fait pourtant pas bande à part“. Mémoire, 2009. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2336/1/M11057.pdf.
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