Thematische Bibliographien / Exploitation de la bauxite

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Exploitation de la bauxite“

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Veröffentlicht am 30. November 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Exploitation de la bauxite"

Grbeš, Anamarija, Ivo Galić, Branimir Farkaš und Ivan Budeš. „MODELLING-FRIENDLY LIFE CYCLE INVENTORY OF UNDERGROUND MINING OF BAUXITE: A CASE STUDY FROM JAJCE MINES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA“. Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik 36, Nr. 3 (2021): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2021.3.5.

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The objective of this paper is the study of the life cycle inventory (LCI) for underground mining of small, clustered deposits of Dinaric Alps-type bauxites, mined in the mountains near Jajce, a town in Bosnia and Herzegovina, in the period 2010-2020. Modelling of the life cycle inventory was done based on the company’s internal reports and project documentation for a variant of the sublevel caving method that involves drilling and blasting. Four mines, located on three exploitation fields, were found in different phases of mine life, different levels of tectonic disturbances and different types of energy: diesel, electricity, and compressed air. The main results of this study are the inventory of underground bauxite exploitation made based on long-term data, the life cycle of one bauxite deposit, and the emission factors from blasting. Underground mining in this case proved to be energy intensive: an average of 52-92 MJ/t was required (as opposed to 37 MJ/t for surface bauxite exploitation in Italy). At the same time, underground bauxite exploitation caused only 5.6-6.4% of the transformation of natural land that is above the mines and deposits. The operations relying on diesel fuel caused local emissions in the air and underground. The operation relying on electricity for DC locomotive and generation of the compressed air were without local emission into the air, although energy efficiency was probably reduced using compressed air as mechanical energy. At the state level, the impact depends on the country’s energy mix, which is still quite dependent on fossil fuels. Engineering estimates of blasting emissions indicated detonators and ammonium nitrate explosives as a potentially important source of environmental impact. The mining industry would significantly benefit from cleaner energy in electricity generation (the energy sector) in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The path of air emissions in the underground system, especially lead and nitrogen compounds, needs to be further explored.

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Zhu, Zhongping, Xin Teng, Yang Yang, Hao Jiang und Jun Luo. „Flotation Decarbonization and Desulfurization of a High-Sulfur Bauxite in China“. Minerals 13, Nr. 8 (29.07.2023): 1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13081008.

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A high sulfur content is one of the challenges in the processing of refractory bauxites in China. The high carbon content of bauxite makes it more difficult to deal with. Desulfurization and decarbonization are the critical issues in the efficient exploitation of high-sulfur bauxite resources. An experimental study on the removal of sulfur and carbon in high-sulfur bauxite is proposed. The sulfur and carbon phases in high-sulfur bauxite were studied via X-ray diffraction and chemistry quantitative analyses. The results show that the sulfur phases in the high-sulfur bauxite mainly exist in the form of sulfide sulfur (pyrite), and the carbon phases in the sample mainly exist in the form of elementary substance carbon. The morphological features of pyrite in the high-sulfur bauxite were analyzed using a microscopic analysis and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The pyrite exists in minerals in the forms of euhedral, semi-euhedral and other crystalline structures, with a particle size varying from several hundred microns to only a few microns. The raw ore, with a sulfur content of 4.78%, a sulfide sulfur content of 4.20%, a carbon content of 3.10% and an elementary substance carbon content of 2.46% goes through the “one roughing, one cleaning, two scavenging” process after a pre-decarburization, obtaining the total desulfurization recovery of 96.20% with a desulfurization tailing sulfur content of 0.38%, a carbon content of 0.27% and an alumina content of 71.85%, respectively. This work provides technical support for the efficient utilization of high-sulfur and high-carbon bauxite.

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Anagnostou, Ch. „BAUXITE RESOURCE EXPLOITATION IN GREECE VS SUSTAINABILITY“. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 43, Nr. 5 (31.07.2017): 2426. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11644.

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In the central part of Greece bauxite ore deposits are systematically exploited since more than fifty years, initially by a French industrial group and since few years by a Greek investment group. This “economical” activity uses the non renewable mineral resources of bauxite, non renewable energy sources, as well as significant amount of water and it exports to the environment pollutants andbyproducts. CO2, NOx, F, PAHs are diffused to the atmosphere, polluting the soil of the adjacent area. Big amount of red mud is deviated to the sea, covering an extended shelf area and parts of deeper marine areas. The aim of this work is to evaluate this “economic” activity using principles of the sustainability science. In its broadest definition, sustainability refers to the ability of a society to continue functioning into the future without being forced into decline through the exhaustion or overloading of key resources.

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Mertzanis, A., G. Karetsos, V. Smyrni, G. Efthimiou und G. Zakinthinos. „National Park of Iti: Environmental and geomorphological impacts from the mining activity (Greece)“. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 40, Nr. 4 (01.01.2007): 1833. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.17144.

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Bauxite excavation and the inert material quarries, in the wider region of the "National Park of Iti" in combination with the forest fires, the illegal logging, the grazing and the uncontrollable waste disposal, constituted the most important pressures in it's natural ecosystems. Particularly, bauxite ore exploitation that presented elation during the decade of '70s, was implemented without planning and it caused alterations in the natural environment of the region mainly by the continuous excavations, the foreheads of galleries and the extensive depositions of aggregates materials. As a result, all the above led to the occupation or the deforestation of forests and woodlands, the interruption of natural relief continuity and the change of natural géomorphologie processes. The aim of this work, concerns the determination of the impacts to the environment and more specifically the geomorphes and geomorphological processes, by the bauxite ore exploitation and the quarrying activity, that was developed in the wider region of the "National Park of Iti".

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Borojević Šoštarić, Sibila, Anže Markelj, Eldar Jašarević und Angelika Haindl. „Geological potential of antimony, bauxite, fluorite, and magnesite of the Central Dinarides (Bosnia and Herzegovina): exploration and exploitation perspective“. Geologia Croatica 75, Nr. 2 (23.06.2022): 269–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4154/gc.2022.16.

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This paper presents the critical raw materials (CRM) potential of antimony, bauxite, fluorite, and magnesite deposits in Bosnia and Herzegovina, discusses their metallogeny and joint geological features, and explains the methodology of the InvestRM application and evaluation criteria for the selected commodities in the following steps: (1) preparation of the geological data templates, (2) evaluation and verification of the geological data, (3) ranking of deposits according to the geological data relating to quality and quantity, and (4) identification of the 10+ perspective deposits. Existing geological datasets show the existence of significant potential in primary CRM such as bauxite (56 Mt), magnesite (4 Mt), and antimony (0.2 Mt) in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). The geological settings of BiH provide favourable metallogenetic conditions primarily for bauxite and magnesite deposits but also for antimony within polymetallic deposits, while fluorspar is rather rare. Our methodology described herein led to the selection of the following fourteen deposits for further geological prospection and investment: the polymetallic antimony deposits Čemernica and Podhrusanj, antimony fields Srebrenica and Rupice; magnesite fields Kladanj, Banja Luka, Teslić and Novi Šeher and bauxite regions Vlasenica-Srebrenica, Grmeč Mountain deposits in Una-Sana region and South Bosnia regions from Posušje to Trebinje. A basic economic calculation based on the world producer ranking and a self-sustainability and economic contribution assessment shows that further investments in geological exploration and mining of antimony, magnesite, and bauxite CRM could place BiH on the list of important producers of these commodities in Europe.

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Pyrgaki, Konstantina, Vasiliki Gemeni, Christos Karkalis, Nikolaos Koukouzas, Petros Koutsovitis und Petros Petrounias. „Geochemical Occurrence of Rare Earth Elements in Mining Waste and Mine Water: A Review“. Minerals 11, Nr. 8 (10.08.2021): 860. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11080860.

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Μining waste, processing by-products and mine water discharges pose a serious threat to the environment as in many cases they contain high concentrations of toxic substances. However, they may also be valuable resources. The main target of the current review is the comparative study of the occurrence of rare earth elements (REE) in mining waste and mine water discharges produced from the exploitation of coal, bauxite, phosphate rock and other ore deposits. Coal combustion ashes, bauxite residue and phosphogypsum present high percentages of critical REEs (up to 41% of the total REE content) with ΣREY content ranging from 77 to 1957.7 ppm. The total REE concentrations in mine discharges from different coal and ore mining areas around the globe are also characterised by a high range of concentrations from 0.25 to 9.8 ppm and from 1.6 to 24.8 ppm, respectively. Acid mine discharges and their associated natural and treatment precipitates seem to be also promising sources of REE if their extraction is coupled with the simultaneous removal of toxic pollutants.

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Oneț, Aurelia, Radu Brejea, Lucian Dincă, Raluca Enescu, Cristian Oneț und Emanuel Besliu. „Evaluation of Biological Characteristics of Soil as Indicator for Sustainable Rehabilitation of a Post-Bauxite-Mining Land“. Diversity 14, Nr. 12 (09.12.2022): 1087. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14121087.

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This paper presents a study of the microbial abundance in post-bauxite-mining land soil from Zece Hotare, Bihor county, Romania. The soil samples were collected from 12 soil variants, in the year 2020, after 15 years of long-term restoration. Some chemical parameters and bacterial numbers of six groups of microorganisms were determined in the restored mining land, and these characteristics were compared with those of the soil from a beech forest situated in an adjacent area unaffected by bauxite exploitation. On the basis of the total number of microorganisms belonging to each group studied, the bacterial potential of the soil quality was assessed, calculating the bacterial soil quality index (BSQI), while the Shannon diversity index and the Jaccard distance were applied to show the level of bacterial diversity. The characteristics of the studied chemical and microbiological parameters determined in the beech adjacent area were very similar to those observed in the high-level plateau, low-level plateau, and Black locust areas, indicating similar soil conditions; therefore, the ecological reconstruction 15 years ago, had a very favorable impact on restoration in some affected areas.

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Wang, Song, Jia Ping Zheng, Xiao Pei Zhang und Shun Ran Wang. „Discussion on the Types Attribution and Comprehensive Utilization of High-Alumina Clay Ore“. Advanced Materials Research 807-809 (September 2013): 2209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.807-809.2209.

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High-Alumina clay ore is the protective exploitation of mineral stipulated by the Ministry of Land and Resources. Due to its physicochemical properties and ore characteristics are quite different from current ore types --refractory clay mineral. It is usually taken as a general refractory clay mine of high-Alumina clay in practical applications, which leads to massive misuse and great waste of high-Alumina clay ore. This paper will redefine the attribuation of high-Alumina clay ore by analysing its differences and similarities with refractory clay minerals and bauxite mines in mineralogy, rock chemistry as well as physical structure, and present some advice on its comprehensive usage aiming at the existed problems in comprehensive development and utilization.

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Khalil, N. M., Yousif Algamal und Qayid M. Saleem. „Exploitation of petroleum waste sludge with local bauxite raw material for producing high-quality refractory ceramics“. Ceramics International 44, Nr. 15 (Oktober 2018): 18516–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.07.072.

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Kokkaliari, Maria, Eugenia Adam, Andreas Vlachopoulos und Ioannis Iliopoulos. „Tracing Raw Material Sources of Prehistoric Stone Artefacts by Non-Invasive Techniques: The Case of the Early Bronze Age (3rd mill. BCE) Site of Vathy, Astypalaia, Greece“. Quaternary 5, Nr. 4 (09.10.2022): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/quat5040042.

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Recent findings of archaeological research in the Vathy gulf area, Astypalaia island, indicate its continuous habitation since prehistoric times, most importantly in the transitional period from the Final Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age (late 4th/early 3rd millennium BC). The evaluation of the prehistoric stone artefacts from Vathy using non-invasive analytical methods (Near Infrared Spectroscopy—NIR), in combination with the mineral-petrographic characterization of the main lithological formations of the island, is expected to provide important information about raw material procurement and possible exchange networks. The geological study of the island combined with the analytical methods applied to the archaeological artefacts and the geological samples led to the identification of both local and allogenic materials. The possible locations of raw material sources were established and the origin of allogenic materials was estimated. The stone artefacts made of local geo-materials consist mainly of calcitic sandstone, shale, marl, and limestone/marble, comprising the largest part of the lithological formations of the island, as well as pumice and volcanic rocks of varying chemical composition. By means of a portable microscope and NIR spectroscopy, we were further able to identify allogenic geo-materials including chalcedony, mica schist, bauxite and meta-bauxite, steatite, and paragonite. Based on the mineralogical and petrographic characterization of the stone artefacts, a first attempt is made to evaluate the possible raw material sources and to identify potential intra-island modes of stone exploitation.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Exploitation de la bauxite"

Diaw, Mody. „De Boké à Gardanne, l’expérience des travailleurs de la bauxite au prisme de la justice environnementale“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0265.

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Depuis plusieurs années, la question des rejets liquides et solides issus de l’extraction de l’alumine de la bauxite par l’usine d’Alteo Gardanne (France) est devenu un problème public grâce à la mobilisation d’associations environnementales, de collectifs d’usagers des Calanques et de riverains de l’usine et du site de stockage des déchets solides, qui dénoncent les impacts sur l’environnement et la santé des habitants. La manière dont le problème est défini par ces mobilisations lui confère une dimension locale (Deldrève et Metin, 20191), alors que, depuis l’épuisement des mines de bauxite de Provence, l’usine d’alumine Alteo (appartenant antérieurement à Pechiney puis Rio Tinto), continue sa production en s’approvisionnant en bauxite auprès de la Compagnie des Bauxites de Guinée (CBG), qui exploite les gisements de la région de Boké où les communautés riveraines des mines dénoncent aussi les conséquences socio-environnementales et sanitaires de la politique nationale d’extraction de la bauxite2. Ainsi, la trajectoire de la bauxite confère au problème, une dimension internationale et générique. En outre, alors que de la Guinée à Gardanne, les enjeux environnementaux et sanitaires pour les communautés riveraines des sites d’exploitation et de transformation ou encore des voies de transport de la bauxite sont largement publicisés, ceux liés à la santé et aux conditions de travail des ouvriers qui extraient, transportent et transforment la bauxite restent invisibilisés. Les études en épidémiologie qui se sont intéressées à la situation des travailleurs de la bauxite portent généralement sur les mesures de leur exposition aux rayons gamma et aux niveaux de concentration des composantes des poussières inhalées dans les mines et dans les raffineries (Brian et al., 20123 ; Dennekamp et al., 20154). Les conclusions de ces études sur l’exposition au risque des ouvriers ont donné lieu à des controverses et leurs approches consistant à mesurer des moyennes et non des expositions réelles sont largement critiquées (G. Hecht, 20125), du fait qu’elles ne permettent pas de prendre en compte les différences d’exposition liées aux différentes situations de travail. Aussi, cette thèse en sociologie qui, s’inscrit dans un projet de recherche pluridisciplinaire en sciences sociales (Justbaux)6, a pour objectif de comprendre le rapport des ouvriers à la bauxite et leur expérience du travail et des risques. Qui sont les travailleurs sur la trajectoire de la bauxite ? Quels sont les enjeux de justice et inégalités environnementales qui se donnent à lire dans leur rapport à la bauxite ? Quelles sont leurs positions face aux mobilisations des riverains (dont ils font parfois partie) et des écologistes ? Comment qualifient-ils la matière et définissent-ils les problèmes liés à son exploitation ? Je fais l’hypothèse que le rapport à la bauxite et l’expérience des risques liés à son extraction, sa transformation et son transport, sont non seulement fonction des situations de travail, des techniques employées et réglementations appliquées, mais aussi du statut des ouvriers, de leur précarité et dépendance à la compagnie qui les emploie. Pour vérifier cette hypothèse, je mobilise un cadre d’analyse qui emprunte ses concepts à la sociologie du travail et à la justice environnementale. Ma démarche est qualitative. Elle comprend des entretiens semi-directifs avec des ouvriers situés à différentes étapes de la trajectoire de la bauxite ainsi que des observations de leurs situations de travail et activités. Cette ethnographie du travail dans les mines en Guinée, aux côtés des transporteurs, au sein de l’usine de pré-transformation de la bauxite à Kamsar ou encore de l’usine de production d’alumine à Gardanne, sera conjuguée à un travail d’archives et de documentation
For several years now, the issue of liquid and solid discharges from the extraction of alumina from bauxite by the Alteo Gardanne plant (France) has been a public issue, thanks to the mobilization of environmental associations, user groups in the Calanques and local residents of the plant and the solid waste storage site, who denounce the impacts on the environment and the health of local residents. The way in which the problem is defined by these mobilizations gives it a local dimension (Deldrève and Metin, 2019, while, since the depletion of Provence’s bauxite mines, the Alteo alumina plant (previously owned by Pechiney and then Rio Tinto), continues its production by sourcing bauxite from Compagnie des Bauxites de Guinée (CBG), which mines deposits in the Boké region, where communities living near the mines are also denouncing the socio-environmental and health consequences of the national bauxite mining policy. Thus, the trajectory of bauxite gives the problem an international and generic dimension. What’s more, while environmental and health issues for communities living close to bauxite mining and processing sites or transport routes are widely publicized from Guinea to Gardanne, those relating to the health and working conditions of the workers who extract, transport and process bauxite remain invisible. Epidemiological studies that have addressed the situation of bauxite workers generally focus on measurements of their exposure to gamma radiation and concentration levels of inhaled dust components in mines and refineries (Brian et al., 2012; Dennekamp et al., 2015). The conclusions of these studies on workers’ exposure to risk have given rise to controversy, and their approaches of measuring averages rather than actual exposures have been widely criticized (G. Hecht, 2012), on the grounds that they fail to take into account differences in exposure linked to different work situations. The aim of this sociology thesis, which is part of a multidisciplinary social science research project (Justbaux), is to understand workers’ relationship with bauxite and their experience of work and risks. Who are the workers on the bauxite trajectory? What issues of environmental justice and inequality are at stake in their relationship with bauxite? What are their positions with regard to the mobilization of local residents (of which they are sometimes a part) and environmentalists? How do they describe the material and define the problems associated with its use? I hypothesize that people’s relationship with bauxite and their experience of the risks associated with its extraction, processing and transport are a function not only of their work situation, the techniques employed and the regulations applied, but also of the status of the workers, their precariousness and their dependence on the company that employs them. To test this hypothesis, I use an analytical framework that borrows concepts from the sociology of work and environmental justice. My approach is qualitative. It includes semi-structured interviews with workers at different stages of the bauxite trajectory, as well as observations of their work situations and activities. This ethnography of work in the mines in Guinea, alongside the transporters, at the bauxite pre-processing plant in Kamsar and at the alumina production plant in Gardanne, will be combined with archive and documentation work

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Mengler, Faron. „Gully erosion on rehabilitated bauxite mines“. University of Western Australia. School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0176.

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[Truncated abstract] Landforms rehabilitated after bauxite mining can be vulnerable to soil loss by water erosion processes. On most rehabilitated sites, management controls such as deep ripping, contour mounding and landscaped sub-catchments limit erosion. Despite these measures, severe gully erosion that is anecdotally associated with steep slopes can damage rehabilitated areas and affect downstream drinking water resources. A review of erosion dynamics reveals that gullies develop episodically and in a non-linear manner. They often initiated as a near surface process and are influenced by natural climatic drivers. Despite this, local site characteristics including soil and landform can predispose an area to gully erosion. Moreover, erosion models, becoming more-widely utilized within the mining industry, may provide useful tools with which to measure, analyse, and manage gully erosion. One of these models, SIBERIA was tested to determine its suitability for application a tool to help manage erosion risk. We first surveyed 26 eroding and erosion-prone rehabilitated hillslopes to determine the common form and setting for gully erosion on these rehabilitated bauxite mines. A conceptual model was developed to include and explore the interplay between the common causes of the gullies surveyed. The conceptual model accounts for slope steepness but suggests that additionally, certain triggers and threshold effects operating under different site conditions are as influential (or even more influential) than slope steepness as determinants of gully erosion occurrence and severity. ... Soil properties and soil erodibility had some subtle influence on landform stability and erosion risk. The most-erodible media occurred where either: mine floor material was mixed with topsoil/ overburden; and/or the topsoil/overburden layer was thin or its coverage is patchy resulting in slaking subsoil, hardsetting soil and surface crusts. When erodible surface media were combined with steeper (>8[degrees]) or longer (>50 m) slopes or with any major erosion trigger, rill and gully development was greatly intensified. The SIBERIA simulation model was calibrated and its simulated outputs were compared to known locations of gully erosion on a steep, rehabilitated pit from the Willowdale mine. At a resolution of one metre, SIBERIA was able to simulate the approximate dimensions of gullies. However, SIBERIA could not simulate the exact location of individual gully headcuts. Additionally, SIBERA was able to simulate the effect of different microtopographic surface treatments but this was only achieved by increasing the grid resolution to 25 cm and reducing the size of the area simulated due to model constraints. Locations of gully headcuts were overlain onto a grid-based, Digital Elevation Model (DEM) using a Geographic Information System (GIS). The spatial distribution of gully headcut locations was compared to DEM derivatives such as slope and flow accumulation. Positive, and predictive relationships allow between the steepness of the slope of the pre-mining landform and the cell count of the area contributing to flow (catchment), as determined by GIS, may allow a mine scale indication of erosion risk using simple GIS desktop analysis.

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Jayalatharachchi, Vishakya. „Understanding desilication products in bauxite refinery residues“. Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/101127/1/Vishakya_Jayalatharachchi_Thesis.pdf.

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This research developed standard methods for quantifying and identifying alkali compounds in red mud, with a particular focus on desilication compounds. X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy were used as they are relatively accessible and fast characterisation techniques for industry to use. This research is of particular importance as it will enable better predictions to be made on the suitability/stability of red mud in land rehabilitation programs.

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Desplat, Olivier. „Etude d’un procédé innovant de densification de poudres de bauxite“. Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEM030.

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La bauxite est un minerai utilisé pour l’élaboration de l’aluminium ou en tant que matière première pour les ciments techniques. Elle est employée, sous sa forme naturelle, en blocs. Ces blocs se font de nos jours de plus en plus rares et leur manutention peut entraîner des pertes sous formes de poussières non valorisées. L’objectif de ce projet est de recycler ces fines particules minérales sous forme de compactés afin d’améliorer l’usage des ressources naturelles minérales qui se raréfient. Ces compactés sont obtenus par compression directe puis avec un procédé innovant couplant vibration et compression. La poudre de bauxite est mélangée à du ciment et de l’eau, puis subit une phase de compaction. Ces compactés doivent avoir des propriétés spécifiques en termes de masse volumique, porosité et résistance mécanique. La micro-tomographie à rayons X est utilisée pour décrire le réarrangement granulaire et l’homogénéité 3D des porosités. La distribution poreuse est caractérisée par analyse d’image et comparée avec les résultats de porosimétrie mercure. Cette étude concernant l’évolution des paramètres texturaux des compactés amène une compréhension des phénomènes liés à la phase de compression. Le stockage et la maturation de ces compactés sous température et humidité contrôlées ont également été étudiés. L’optimisation des paramètres de compression et de formulation, comme la quantité d’eau ou de ciment dans le mélange et la pression de compression, a mené à l’amélioration des propriétés des compactés. Dans un second temps, la phase de compression et les propriétés des compactés ont été améliorées en utilisant une phase préliminaire de vibrations. Cette phase a été optimisée grâce à l’étude de plusieurs paramètres spécifiques comme le type, l’amplitude et la fréquence des vibrations
The bauxite is used in aluminium elaboration or directly as a raw material for calcium aluminates in technical cements. It is used, as a raw material, as blocks. Recently bauxite blocks are rarer and rarer and their handling can lead to dust wastes that are not re-used. The objective of this project is to recycle the fine mineral particles in compacts to improve the use of natural mineral resources that are running out. These products are compacted by direct compaction and also with an innovative vibration and compaction process. The bauxite is mixed with cement and water, and then the mixture is compacted. They must have specific properties with higher density and mechanical resistance. X-Rays micro-tomography is used to describe the particle rearrangement and the 3D density homogeneity. The porous distribution is then characterized by image analysis and compared with the mercury intrusion porosimetry results. This study on textural parameters evolution of the compacts leads to improve an understanding about the phenomenon during the compaction stage. The storage with controlled temperature and humidity will also be studied. The optimization of the compression and mixture parameters, as amount of water or cement in the mixture and compression pressure, led us to get compacts with improved properties. In the final study, we improved the compression stage and the compacts properties by another stage using in-situ vibrations. The vibrations stage has been optimized studying several vibrational parameters especially the type, the duration, the amplitude and the frequency of the vibrations

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Ahmad, Ishaq [Verfasser]. „Beneficiation of Bauxite by Washing Processes / Ishaq Ahmad“. München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1020298588/34.

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Petersen, Tanya M. „Characteristics of desilication products in bauxite refining residue“. Thesis, Petersen, Tanya M. (1992) Characteristics of desilication products in bauxite refining residue. Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 1992. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/52451/.

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The production of alumina from bauxite by the Bayer process generates a large volume of residue (red mud). This residue contains a percentage of complex zeolitic sodium aluminium silicates, formed by the precipitation of silica from the Bayer liquor and are known as the desilication product or DSP. The presence of DSP in red mud contributes significantly to making the residue highly alkaline and high in sodium and therefore a potential environmental hazard upon disposal. This thesis documents the findings of a study with the objective of examining the nature and behaviour of a DSP-type mineral, determining its stability, including the way in which the release of sodium occurs and the potential for cation exchange. By so doing, a clearer picture of the DSP in red mud and its reaction to environmental factors, such as the pH of water percolating through the red mud disposal sites, was sought. An insight into the possibility of predisposal treatments, such as mixing the mud with acid waste or with material that would induce a favourable cation exchange was similarly gained. A laboratory-synthesised DSP mineral was used in these studies, because of the difficulty of working with red mud, in which DSP is cloaked with other residue minerals. The similarity of various synthetic DSPs (including the synthetic material used for this work) to that found in red mud was examined. It was found that the DSP formed at Alcoa's Kwinana plant (Western Australia) was a composite of the minerals noselite/nosean and sodalite, with sulphate being the main anion incorporated into the DSP. The synthetic mineral used in the study was therefore a mixture of the three aforementioned minerals. The sensitivity of synthetic and non-synthetic DSP to the citrate-bicarbonate-dithionite {CBD} method, used in leaching away the iron oxide that masks the DSP in red mud was examined. No significant effect on the DSP after leaching by CBD was observable. This confirmed that studies of DSP in red mud after removal of iron oxides by the CBD method were valid. In the study of DSP stability, its behaviour at various levels of acidity and alkalinity was noted, to determine under what disposal conditions the potentially harmful release of sodium is most likely to occur and to provide information relevant to acid-waste treatment of red mud before or at disposal. Synthetic DSP samples were subjected to a range of pH conditions, from very alkaline to very acidic, over a range of time periods up to three weeks duration. The results of these tests indicated that DSP is stable to pHs as low as 8.5, with no significant release of sodium to the environment after 3 weeks. The study of cation exchange behaviour in DSP was undertaken to determine if exchanging sodium (which is toxic to plants) for some likely cations such as potassium or ammonium (plant nutrients) may feasibly be used to rehabilitate red mud, since zeolitic minerals like those in DSPs are noted for their ion exchange properties. The exchange of sodium from within synthetic DSP for potassium, ammonium and calcium ions was investigated. It was concluded that the cubic crystal habit of the DSP examined restricted the exchange of sodium ions with cations such as calcium, but allowed other cations (particularly potassium) to penetrate and replace up to 30% of the sodium ions contained within the lattice. Therefore treatment of red mud with waste solutions high in potassium prior to disposal would be beneficial. The exchangability of sodium for ammonium was also significant (16%), meaning that treatment of red mud with waste solutions containing ammonium would also be beneficial to revegetation of the red mud lakes. Overall the study shows that red mud could be neutralised to a pH of 8.5 and treated with a waste solution high in potassium and/or ammonium in order to make the disposal sites more amenable to rehabilitation and revegetation.

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Hanaor, Dorian Amir Henry Materials Science &amp Engineering Faculty of Science UNSW. „Retention of the anatase phase in TiO2 through the use of bauxite and zircon dopants“. Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Materials Science & Engineering, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41327.

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Preserving the anatase phase of TiO2 is of interest due to the photocatalytic activity of this phase, which is generally considered superior to rutile Ti02 due to a higher surface area. The retardation of the anatase to rutile transition through the use of low cost dopants, zircon and bauxite, was investigated. Pressed powder compacts of anatase TiO2 doped with varying levels of bauxite and zircon powders were fired at 1025??C for durations of 2, 3 and 4 hours. X-ray diffraction analysis, Scanning electron microscopy, Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy were used to evaluate the effect these dopants have on the transition to rutile. It was found that both zircon and bauxite retard the transition to rutile in the solid state. Increasing the level of bauxite dopant consistently increases the preservation of the anatase phase. It was found that at levels of bauxite doping over 5 wt%, over 90% of the anatase phase is retained through 2 hour firing cycles. Using EDS, zircon particles were observed to nucleate elongated prismatic rutile grains. Whilst XRD analysis showed that the addition of zircon has a marked effect on retarding the overall transition of anatase to rutile, increasing levels of this dopant over 2.5% brings about a reduction in preserved anatase, probably due to increased rutile nucleation. Findings showed Samples doped with 2.5% ZrSi04 retained approximately 95% anatase through 2 hour firing cycles.

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Flynn, Mary Patricia. „The settling characteristics of bauxite particles after acid reaction“. Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356914.

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Carswell, Leslie. „Fungi associated with plant deaths in rehabilitated bauxite mines“. Thesis, Carswell, Leslie (1993) Fungi associated with plant deaths in rehabilitated bauxite mines. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 1993. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/32821/.

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Alcoa of Australia is committed to reintroduce 80% of the jarrah forest plant. species back onto rehabilitated bauxite mines in south western Australia by 1997. It has been observed that plant deaths do occur on these mines. The aim of this project was to determine if plant pathogens were responsible for these deaths. Healthy, sick and dying plants were sampled over a 5 week period initiated in February 1993. The following isolates were obtained from 19 plant species: 25 Fusarium spp., 11 Botryosporium sp., 8 Bdtryosphaeria ribis, 5 Cytospora eucalypticola, 6 Phoma spp. isolates, 5 Gelasinospora spp., 4 Diaporthe sp., 4 Pestalotiopsis sp., 3 Phonzopsis spp., 1 Dichomera eucalypti, 1 Phytophthora sp., 1 Monochaetia sp. and 1 Botrytis cinerea isolate. Many other fungi were isolated but could not be identified. Not all isolates were tested in glasshouse or field pathogenicity trials. Two B. ribis isolates were lesion forming in glasshouse trials. Gelasinospora, C. eucalypticola, Botryosporium and D. eucalypti were not lesion forming but were reisolated from the wound tissue, indicating that these fungi had the potential to be pathogenic. Field trials initiated in June (winter) (duration of 3-6 weeks) showed 3 B. ribis, 1 C. eucalypticola, and 1 Phoma sp. isolates to be lesion forming. Many isolates were not lesion forming including B. ribis, C. eucalypticola, Diaporthe, Botryosporium, Phoma, Phomopsis, D. eucalypti, and Fusarium but were reisolated from wound tissue, indicating they have the potential to be pathogens. Environmental conditions were felt to be responsible for the lack of lesions in the plants and it was recommended that these pathogenicity tests be repeated in summer, when environmental conditions are likely to be conducive to disease.

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Dani, Norberto. „Pétrologie des altérations postmagmatiques et météoriques des roches alcalines de Lages, SC [Santa Catarina], Brésil“. Poitiers, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998POIT2345.

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L'objectif specifique de ce travail est d'investiguer le processus d'alteration et la generation des depots de bauxite, associes aux roches alcalines affleurantes dans la region de lages, santa catarina, bresil. La revision chimique et petrographique a permis de regrouper les roches alcalines feldspathiques en phonolites de type sud et phonolites de type nord, etant remarquable dans ce dernier groupe, l'existence d'un processus differencie d'alteration endogene, de type postmagmatique. Dans ce contexte, l'intensite de l'alteration endogene a ete decisive dans la formation des depots, etant une des principales causes de la distribution concentree de la bauxite dans les phonolithes de type nord. Il a ete effectue une reevaluation des donnees disponibles sur la geomorphologie regionale et locale, aussi bien que des evenements geologiques responsables du modele actuel du terrain. Cette analyse, associee aux informations obtenues a partir de l'application de techniques de datation par traces de fissions sur apatites, ont determine l'impossibilite de generation de la bauxite a partir du tertiaire inferieur. Les produits d'alteration meteorique convergent vers une paragenese formee d'un ensemble restreint de mineraux secondaires, l'halloysite, des hydroxydes et des oxyhydroxydes d'aluminium, de fer et de titane etant remarquables. L'etude de detail prouve l'existence d'une phase de basse cristallisation, de type allophane si-al, de reactivite elevee et intermediaire entre les mineraux primaires de composition felsique du phonolithe et des phases secondaires comme l'halloysite et des mineraux d'aluminium. Pour la premiere fois au bresil est decrite l'apparition naturelle du polymorphe d'al(oh)#3 type nordstrandite, les raisons de cette speciation des composes d'aluminium a lages etant inferees au long de ce travail. De la meme maniere, la nucleation precoce de la boehmite est en desaccord avec les modeles actuellement en vigueur quant a la distribution de cette phase dans des laterites. On investigue les raisons de la nucleation de l'halloysite dans ces roches, ainsi que l'importance du milieu dans la cristallisation et la morphologie de cette phase.

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Bücher zum Thema "Exploitation de la bauxite"

Austria), AUSTROPLAN (Organization :. Integrated exploitation and processing of Mulanje/Manica bauxite and establishment of alumina/aluminium industry in the SADCC region: Final report. Vienna, Austria: AUSTROPLAN, 1990.

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Sehnke, Errol D. Bauxite mines worldwide. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Bureau of Mines, 1995.

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United Nations Industrial Development Organization., Hrsg. Bauxite testing laboratories. New York: United Nations, 1985.

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United Nations. Industrial Development Organization., Hrsg. Bauxite testing laboratories. New York: United Nations, 1985.

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Mines, Indian Bureau of, Hrsg. Monograph on bauxite. Nagpur: Govt. of India, Ministry of Mines, Indian Bureau of Mines, Training, Mining Research and Publication Division, Publication Cell, 1992.

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Knierzinger, Johannes. Bauxite Mining in Africa. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52706-2.

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Bárdossy, György. The Halimba bauxite deposit. Budapest: Geological Institute of Hungary, 2007.

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Bárdossy, György. The Halimba bauxite deposit. Budapest: Geological Institute of Hungary, 2007.

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Bárdossy, György. The Halimba bauxite deposit. Budapest: Geological Institute of Hungary, 2007.

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1926-, Nielsen Kai, und Ware Robert, Hrsg. Exploitation. Atlantic Highlands, N.J: Humanities Press International, 1997.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Exploitation de la bauxite"

Green, M. D., N. J. de Guingand und D. V. Boger. „Exploitation of shear and compression rheology in disposal of bauxite residue“. In Hydrometallurgy ’94, 971–82. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1214-7_66.

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Gooch, Jan W. „Bauxite“. In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 70. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_1140.

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Keersemaker, Marco. „Bauxite“. In SpringerBriefs in Earth Sciences, 31–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40268-6_6.

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Abzalov, Marat. „Bauxite Deposits“. In Modern Approaches in Solid Earth Sciences, 411–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39264-6_34.

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Hose, H. R. „Bauxite Mineralogy“. In Essential Readings in Light Metals, 21–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48176-0_2.

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Hose, H. R. „Bauxite Mineralogy“. In Essential Readings in Light Metals, 21–29. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118647868.ch2.

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Wanyo, Michael, Anthony T. Filidore und Benny E. Raahauge. „Physical Bauxite Processing: Crushing and Grinding of Bauxite“. In Smelter Grade Alumina from Bauxite, 133–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88586-1_3.

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Crowson, Phillip. „Aluminium/Bauxite/Alumina“. In Minerals Handbook 1992–93, 1–13. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12564-7_1.

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Atkins, Patrick R., Chris Bayliss und Sam Ward. „Bauxite Mining Sustainably“. In Essential Readings in Light Metals, 60–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48176-0_8.

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Evans, Ken, Eirik Nordheim und Katy Tsesmelis. „Bauxite Residue Management“. In Light Metals 2012, 63–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48179-1_11.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Exploitation de la bauxite"

Nikolakopoulos, Konstantinos G., Aggeliki Kyriou, Evlampia Kouzeli, Saeid Asadzadeh, Nicole Köllner, Friederike Körting, Justus Constantin Hildebrand, Steven Micklethwaite und Ekaterina Savinova. „3D representation of a bauxite mine in the frame of m4mining project“. In Earth Resources and Environmental Remote Sensing/GIS Applications XV, herausgegeben von Karsten Schulz, Konstantinos G. Nikolakopoulos und Ulrich Michel, 25. SPIE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.3031850.

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Beavogui, Marie Constance, Boris Grigorievich Balmaev, Oumar Barou Kaba, Ahmed Amara Konaté und Irina Viktorovna Loginova. „Bauxite enrichment process (Bayer process): Bauxite cases from Sangaredi (Guinea) and Sierra Leone“. In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 16TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INDUSTRIAL MANUFACTURING AND METALLURGY (ICIMM 2021). AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0074812.

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Grahita, Lanjar, Zulfiadi Zulhan und Taufiq Hidayat. „High Temperature Reduction of Bauxite Residue“. In RawMat 2021. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/materproc2021005128.

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Wang, Sicheng, Tuan Nguyen, Hong Peng, Fang You und Longbin Huang. „On the Mechanism of Sodic Removal from Bauxite Residue and Bauxite Desilication Products (BDP) Using Microbiogenic Acids“. In Goldschmidt2021. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2021.5617.

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Hagni, Richard D., und Ann M. Hagni. „PHOSPHORUS MINERALOGY OF THE JAMAICA BAUXITE ORES“. In 50th Annual GSA North-Central Section Meeting. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016nc-274964.

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Herath, Hashindra K., Brian F. Platt, James V. Cizdziel und Inoka H. Widanagamage. „BAUXITE: TO REMEDIATE HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATED WATER?“ In Joint 69th Annual Southeastern / 55th Annual Northeastern GSA Section Meeting - 2020. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020se-345334.

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Everett, Jim. „An Information System for a Bauxite Mine“. In InSITE 2007: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3062.

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Bauxite is mined and transported by conveyor to a processing plant, screened and washed, then placed into blended stockpiles to feed the alumina refinery. While being stacked to the stockpile, the ore is sampled. Completed stockpiles must be acceptably close to target grade (composition), not only in alumina, but also in residual silica, carbon and sodium carbonate. The mine is an open-cut pit. Each day the choice of ore to mine, from multiple locations in the pit, is based upon estimates of grade. Estimated grade, from exploration drilling of the area before mining, has both systematic and random error. This paper describes an information system to guide the daily choice of ore to mine. Continually updating the comparison between forecasts and sampled product, the system provides adjusted forecasts. Ore is selected to bring the exponentially smoothed grade to target, in each of the control minerals.

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Benson, Richard, und Lynn Yuhr. „Assessment of bauxite reserves using ground penetrating radar“. In Fourth International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.303.30.

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Angelopoulos, Panagiotis, Maria Georgiou, Paschalis Oustadakis, Maria Taxiarchou, Hakan Karadağ, Yasin Eker, Gheorghe Dobra et al. „Preliminary Characterization of Three Metallurgical Bauxite Residue Samples“. In RawMat 2021. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/materproc2021005066.

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Kasmaeeyazdi, Sara, Roberto Braga, Francesco Tinti und Emanuele Mandanici. „Mapping Bauxite Mining Residues Using Remote Sensing Techniques“. In RawMat 2021. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/materproc2021005091.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Exploitation de la bauxite"

Parsons, M. Exploitation minérale. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/311154.

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Khan, Sarosh R. Caribbean Economic Alchemy: Has Magic Returned to Bauxite? Inter-American Development Bank, Januar 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008452.

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After a long period of stagnating prices, the global bauxite market is experiencing changes which are expected to drive prices higher. To a large extent, these changes are driven by increasing demand from Chinese manufacturing. However, constraints on exports imposed by major bauxite producers, such as Indonesia and India have affected the supply side as well, and represent an opportunity for Caribbean bauxite exporters to increase their share of a growing market. This Policy Brief provides an overview of the aforementioned changes in market conditions and proposes a new approach to organizing bauxite mining for the Caribbean bauxite exporters.

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Van, Tri, Dennis Nyquist, Leo Kempel und Gang Bao. Exploitation of Omnidirectional Reflectivity. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada418437.

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Lizzeri, Alessandro, Eran Shmaya und Leeat Yariv. Disentangling Exploration from Exploitation. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, Mai 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w32424.

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Eparkhina, Dina, Kieran Reilly, Michele Barbier, Elena Guista, Veronica Ortiz, Joaquin Tintore und Nicole Köstner. Updated Dissemination and Exploitation Plan. EuroSea, Oktober 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/eurosea_d8.2.

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Dissemination of project’s results and engagement with stakeholders towards a sustained results’ exploitation are intrinsically evolving. The vision of the project’s dissemination at the start of it should evolve as the activities progress. This plan presents an update on the EuroSea dissemination plans as seen a year after the kick-off.

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Soriano, C., A. Apostolatos und R. Rossi. D8.3 Report on exploitation activities. Scipedia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23967/exaqute.2021.2.014.

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Etheridge, E. L. Design bases: Bauxite-sulfuric acid feed facilities 100-K Area. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Juni 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10148140.

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Spina, Anthony. Moving Target Information Exploitation Electronic Learning. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Oktober 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada440827.

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Kamath, C., D. Poland, S. Sengupta und J. Futterman. Automated Image Data Exploitation Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Januar 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15013923.

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Baer, F., J. J. Tribbia und D. L. Williamson. Exploitation of parallelism in climate models. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Januar 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5566152.

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