Thematische Bibliographien / Experimental fossilization

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Experimental fossilization“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 25. Mai 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Experimental fossilization"

Grimes, Stephen T., Fiona Brock, David Rickard, Kevin L. Davies, Dianne Edwards, Derek E. G. Briggs und R. John Parkes. „Understanding fossilization: Experimental pyritization of plants“. Geology 29, Nr. 2 (2001): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0123:ufepop>2.0.co;2.

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Carpenter, Kenneth. „Experimental investigation of the role of bacteria in bone fossilization“. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Monatshefte 2005, Nr. 2 (17.02.2005): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/njgpm/2005/2005/83.

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Babcock, Loren Edward. „Experimental Investigation of the Processes of Fossilization“. Journal of Geoscience Education 46, Nr. 3 (Mai 1998): 252–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5408/1089-9995-46.3.252.

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Hippler, D., N. Hu, M. Steiner, G. Scholtz und G. Franz. „Experimental mineralization of crustacean eggs: new implications for the fossilization of Precambrian–Cambrian embryos“. Biogeosciences 9, Nr. 5 (21.05.2012): 1765–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-1765-2012.

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Abstract. Phosphatized globular microfossils from the Ediacaran and lower Cambrian of South China represent an impressive record of early animal evolution and development. However, their phylogenetic affinity is strongly debated. Understanding key processes and conditions that cause exceptional egg and embryo preservation and fossilization are crucial for a reliable interpretation of their phylogenetic position. We conducted phosphatization experiments on eggs of the marbled crayfish Procambarus that indicate a close link between early mineralization and rapid anaerobic decay of the endochorional envelope. Our experiments replicated the different preservational stages of degradation observed in the fossil record. Stabilization of the spherical morphology was achieved by pre-heating of the eggs. Complete surface mineralization occurred under reduced conditions within one to two weeks, with fine-grained brushite (CaHPO4 · 2H2O) and calcite. The mechanisms of decay, preservation of surface structures, and mineral replacement in the experiment were likely similar during fossilization of Cambrian embryos.

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Saitta, Evan T., Chris Rogers, Richard A. Brooker, Geoffrey D. Abbott, Sumit Kumar, Shane S. O'Reilly, Paul Donohoe, Suryendu Dutta, Roger E. Summons und Jakob Vinther. „Low fossilization potential of keratin protein revealed by experimental taphonomy“. Palaeontology 60, Nr. 4 (08.05.2017): 547–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pala.12299.

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Purnell, Mark A., Philip J. C. Donoghue, Sarah E. Gabbott, Maria E. McNamara, Duncan J. E. Murdock und Robert S. Sansom. „Experimental analysis of soft-tissue fossilization: opening the black box“. Palaeontology 61, Nr. 3 (20.03.2018): 317–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pala.12360.

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Farr, Fiona. „Plateaux in pronunciation“. TEANGA, the Journal of the Irish Association for Applied Linguistics 20 (08.10.2020): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.35903/teanga.v20i.504.

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Within the field of second language acquisition the question of cessation of learning short of the target language norms, particularly among adult populations, has been widely discussed since the term FOSSILIZATION was first coined by Selinker in 1972. This article briefly outlines the main theoretical concerns of this phenomenon, which has had various terminological badges over the past three decades. It then details an experimental study whose aim it was to uncover the destabilizing potential of instruction on the pronunciation of advanced French learners of English as a Foreign Language who displayed fossilization tendencies. The results indicate significant improvements made by the experimental group relative to the control group. In conclusion it is deemed appropriate to classify such learners as stabilized and not permanently fossilized, as changes in pronunciation systems can occur give optimal conditions of learning and exposure.

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Newman, S. A., V. Klepac-Ceraj, G. Mariotti, S. B. Pruss, N. Watson und T. Bosak. „Experimental fossilization of mat-forming cyanobacteria in coarse-grained siliciclastic sediments“. Geobiology 15, Nr. 4 (11.02.2017): 484–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gbi.12229.

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Hajar, Sitti, Eka Prabawati Rum und Ika Sastrawati. „IMPLEMENTING HYPERCORRECTION APPROACH TO REDUCE THE STUDENTS FOSSILIZATION IN ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION AT SMA NEGERI 7 SELAYAR“. English Language Teaching Methodology 3, Nr. 3 (30.12.2023): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.56983/eltm.v3i3.306.

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The purpose based on this research was to find out whether or not the hypercorrection approach reduces the student’s fossilization in English pronunciation at SMA Negeri 7 Selayar. The researcher used a pre-experimental design and quantitative method using one class for a pre-test and post-test.In the 2022–2023 academic year, the population of this study were 32 students of class 10 IPA at SMA Negeri 7 Selayar. To determine the research sample, cluster sampling method is used. The speaking test is used a data collection method.The results show of the study show that the application of the hypercorrection approach can reduce the fossilization of students’ pronunciation in vowels (/i:/, /I/, /e/, /æ/). This is evidenced by using pre-test scores (39.53) and a post-tests score(72.18), which shows that in addition to the test scores, students’ pronunciation in the post-test is higher than the pre-test. (29.10) which is higher based on the t-table value (1.696). As a result, the Null hypothesis was refuted and the alternative hypothesis was adopted. In the study the researcher came to the conclusion that Hypercorrection reduces student’s fossilization of pronunciation.

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Slagter, Silvina, Lidya G. Tarhan, Weiduo Hao, Noah J. Planavsky und Kurt O. Konhauser. „Experimental evidence supports early silica cementation of the Ediacara Biota“. Geology 49, Nr. 1 (04.09.2020): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g47919.1.

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Abstract Casts and molds of soft-bodied organisms in Ediacaran sandstones (“Ediacara-style” fossilization) have played an important role in reconstruction of the emergence and radiation of early complex macroscopic life. However, the preservational processes responsible for the Ediacara fossil record are still vigorously debated. Whereas classic studies proposed fossilization via rapid sulfide mineralization of carcass and matground surfaces, a more recent view posits silica as the key mineral involved in their preservation. We performed experiments in which a variety of soft-bodied organisms were exposed to silica-rich solutions at concentrations considered characteristic of Ediacaran seawater (2 mM). Our results document continuous precipitation of amorphous silica onto the surfaces of these organic tissues under constant and normal marine pH values (7.8). Mineral formation was accompanied by a progressive decrease in the dissolved silica (DSi) concentration of the experimental solution to levels well below amorphous silica saturation. Additionally, we find that the magnitude of silica precipitation is correlated to each organism’s functional-group chemistry, as measured by potentiometric acid-base titrations. We suggest that a wide range of soft-bodied organisms were prone to silicification in Ediacaran marine environments characterized by anactualistically high DSi concentrations. This provides further support for the model that the extraordinary moldic preservation of the Ediacara Biota was promoted by early silica cementation and that this mode of preservation can offer an accurate glimpse into the composition of those early animal ecosystems.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Experimental fossilization"

Jacquemot, Pierre. „Fossilisation expérimentale du monde à ARN“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS397.

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L’enregistrement fossile est l’unique témoin direct de l’histoire du vivant. Actuellement, ses toutes premières étapes situées autour de 4 Ga sont très mal connues notamment à cause de la rareté des roches Archéennes et Hadéennes et de la très forte dégradation des biosignatures au cours des temps géologiques. Plusieurs scénarios comme celui d’un « monde à ARN » ont été élaborés pour décrire l’émergence de la vie mais il n’en existe pour l’heure aucune preuve dans l’enregistrement fossile car on ne sait pas quelles traces ces formes de vie primitives ont pu laisser. Au cours de cette thèse, nous développons une approche expérimentale afin d’identifier les traces d’un « monde à ARN » susceptibles d’être conservées au cours de la diagénèse. Cette approche consiste à faire subir en laboratoire des processus de diagénèse à des molécules caractéristiques du vivant primitif en présence de minéraux modèles de la surface de la Terre Hadéenne. De l’ARN, une des premières biomolécules à émerger dans l’hypothèse du « monde à ARN » a donc été placé en conditions de diagénèse durant 20 jours à 200°C en présence de silice sous forme de gel (précurseurs des cherts), de quartz ou de silice fumée. Des expériences similaires ont été conduites en présence de gels de composition montmorillonite (analogues des premières phases d’altération) à différentes quantités d’eau. Les résidus obtenus ont été analysés par des techniques permettant de caractériser leur contenu minéral et organique. Ceci a permis de documenter les caractéristiques attendues pour des traces fossiles des premières formes de vie issues du monde à ARN et de proposer des hypothèses sur les mécanismes de leur formation et les paramètres déterminants pour leur préservation
Fossil record is the only immediate proof of the history of life. Currently, its first steps around 4 Ga are very poorly known particularly because of the scarcity of Hadean and Archean rocks and the very strong degradation of biosignatures throughout geological times. Several scenarios such as the “RNA world” have been developed to describe the emergence of life but no proof of that exists for now into the fossil record because one does not know what traces these primitive forms of life could leave. During this phD thesis, we developed an experimental approach to identify the traces of an “RNA world” which could be preserved during diagenesis. This approach consists in experimentally submitting typical molecules of primitive life to diagenetic processes in presence of model minerals of the surface of the Hadean Earth. RNA, one of the first biomolecules emerging in the “RNA world” hypothesis, has been placed in diagenetic conditions during 20 days at 200°C in presence of silica as gel (cherts precursor), as quartz or as fumed silica. Similar experiments have been performed in presence of gels of montmorillonite composition at different amounts of water (similar to the first alteration phases). The obtained residues have been further analyzed by techniques allowing the characterization of their mineral and organic content. This allowed to document the expected characteristics of fossil traces of the first forms of life coming from the “RNA world” and to provide hypotheses on their formation mechanisms and the key parameters for their preservation

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Buchteile zum Thema "Experimental fossilization"

Huang, Lihua. „An Empirical Study on the Fossilization of English Language Learning in the Context of Multimedia Network Teaching“. In Proceedings of CECNet 2021. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/faia210436.

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To carry out the pilot teaching of multimedia assisted teaching and self-learning mode of network platform for experimental class, the data analysis results obtained by using tools such as questionnaire survey show that:The multimedia network teaching environment has a great effect on the students’ vocabulary knowledge fossilization, but has little effect on the grammar knowledge fossilization; The fossilization of reading ability among the four communicative abilities of English language is alleviated obviously, and the self-assessed oral ability of students improves faster after the addition of oral English classes; It accelerates the ossification of writing and listening ability, but it is mainly caused by the characteristics of the network itself and improper learning methods of students.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Experimental fossilization"

Slagter, Silvina, Weiduo Hao, Noah Planavsky, Kurt Konhauser und Lidya Tarhan. „EXPERIMENTAL TAPHONOMIC INSIGHTS INTO EDIACARA-STYLE FOSSILIZATION“. In GSA Connects 2022 meeting in Denver, Colorado. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022am-377067.

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Slagter, Silvina, Weiduo Hao, Noah Planavsky, Kurt Konhauser und Lidya Tarhan. „MICROBIAL-MEDIATED FOSSILIZATION IN SANDSTONES: AN EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH“. In GSA Connects 2021 in Portland, Oregon. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2021am-365824.

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Bernard, Sylvain, Pierre Jacquemot, Isis Criouet, Jean-Christophe Viennet und Maguy Jaber. „Experimental fossilization of the RNA World in the presence of clay minerals“. In Goldschmidt2021. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2021.4481.

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Richter, Sandra, Marina Braun-Unkhoff, Jürgen Herzler, Torsten Methling, Clemens Naumann und Uwe Riedel. „An Investigation of Combustion Properties of a Gasoline Primary Reference Fuel Surrogate Blended With Butanol“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2019: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2019-90911.

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Abstract Currently, many research studies are exploring opportunities for the use of novel fuels and of their blends with conventional, i.e. petroleum-based fuels. To pave the way for their acceptance and implementation in the existing energy market, a comprehensive knowledge about their combustion properties is inevitable, among others. Within this context, alcohols, with butanol in particular, are considered as attractive candidates for the needed de-fossilization of the energy sector. In this work, we report on the oxidation of mixtures of n-heptane/i-octane (PRF90, primary reference fuel, a gasoline surrogate) and addition of n-butanol, 20% and 40%, respectively, in a combined experimental and modeling effort. The focus was set on two fundamental combustion properties: (i) Ignition delay times measured in a shock tube, at ambient and elevated pressures, for stoichiometric mixtures, and (ii) Laminar burning velocities, at ambient and elevated pressures. Moreover, two detailed chemical kinetic reaction mechanisms, with an in-house model among them, have been used for investigating and analyzing the combustion of these mixtures. In general, the experimental data agree well with the model predictions of the in-house reaction model, for the temperatures, pressures, and fuel-air ratios studied. Room for improvements is seen for PRF90. The results achieved were also compared to those of n-butanol reported recently; the findings demonstrated clearly the effect of the n-butanol sub model on binary fuel-air mixtures consisting of PRF and n-butanol. From the present work it can be concluded that the addition of n-butanol to gasoline appears to be an attractive alternative fuel for most types of heat engines.

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