Dissertationen zum Thema „Exil et migrations“
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Chena, Salim. „Réification, exil et nation : sociopolitique des migrations irrégulières vers et depuis l'Algérie“. Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0073.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIrregular migrations towards and from Algeria are an important phenomenon of the African and Euro-African migration systems. Subsaharans and Algerians exiled represent an undeniable stake in the Algerian domestic and foreign policies. Exiled are vicims of repression, exploitation and of hard living conditions; but, they also are actors of their lives thanks to shunning strategies of borders, a strong solidarity and thanks to the formation of new forms of belonging. This work analyses the subtle dialectics between exiled and political, judicial and economic structures which frame their actions. The reification of exile as a lived experience lays on political images of the exiled, on the predation their victims of, and on the arbitrary derogation to the principle of political asylum. But, this process ends in the reification of the exiled and their bodies, inside the migrant communities or in their relation to the institutions. Beyond the judicial or sociological traditional categories, the notion of exile offer an insight into the lived experience of the individuals in a world that denies them any sort of recognised status, which is all the more true in their country of origin. Against the reification of the exiIed, the struggle takes different forms from the communal solidarity to sociopolitical mobilisation. In a critical perspective, we defend the hypothesis that the reification of exile and of the exiled does not prevent the development of political protesting identities
Mora-Canzani, Fernanda. „Citoyenneté diasporique : problématiques et horizons au prisme de l'expérience uruguayenne“. Thesis, Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080060/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBased on the Uruguayan diasporic experience (1985/2015), and taking into account the context of globalization, our thesis aims at problematizing, at the prism of a critical political philosophy, a citizenship called "diasporic", deployed at interstices of Nation-States, emerging through international migratory processes, political exile, and the interconnections of the diaspora communities. In the light of philosophies of citizenship, we map out a diasporic citizenry deployed in transnational situations and interactive processes, in which different categories of participants have a hand in intervening. Thus, each - individually or within the groups to which they belong - through acts, speeches and representations becomes Citizen; aspiring to find a complete place in a political community without becoming captive to it. Without being content to limit ourselves to examining the aforementioned situations of deterritorialization - exile, migration, diaspora - our intention is rather to identify the conditions associated with them in the emergence and deployment of diasporic citizenship. We conceptualize on these bases four major conditions, which we call: sensorial and emotional subjectivity; rhizomic integration; networking in versatile forms; political subjectivity put to the test by an "impossible" emancipation. The logical reasonings to which the experience of the Uruguayan diasporic citizen are connected to lead us finally to assume that citizenship is not beholden to institutions. It can invent itself within the bosom of a political community; express itself as citizen activism or ordinary citizenship
Chevalier, Arille M. J. „L' exil des patriotes hollandais en France et la loge maçonnique "Les vrais Bataves" (1790-1795) à l'Orient de Dunkerque“. Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE2026.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEscande, Isabelle. „Migrations politiques et création littéraire dans la seconde moitié du XXe siècle : Allemagne, Espagne, Argentine“. Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040261.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSince Ancient Times, thinkers and writers have in large numbers been struck by political exile. In return, this situation has influenced their work and literature as a whole. In the second half of the 20th Century, this literary tradition has been deeply transformed by the surge of totalitarian regimes, and the struggle with democracies which these regimes have provoked. This new political context has induced a large increase of writers in exile, but also important structural transformations, forcing the exiles to modify their own images, the themes of their work and their communication strategies, and also the nature of their writings. The comparative study of the works of Jorge Semprún, Christa Wolf, Julio Cortázar and Alicia Dujovne Ortiz allows us to discover common aesthetic changes between these politically committed writers, who have flown respectively from Spain, Germany, and Argentina, and to note the birth of a new form of writing
Rigaud, Marie-Hélène. „Les enfants de migrants lao à Montpellier : transmission et réinterprétation culturelles“. Montpellier 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON30053.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOver 300 families of Lao origin live in Montpellier. My survey among this group has been carried out thanks to a number of meetings with several families in private and while observing ritual ceremonies over a few years. Through the study of several themes, this research shows that the young people belonging to the Lao community of Montpellier have developed their culture and identity while keeping up a link with the country of origin and carrying out a reinterpretation of their parents' traditions. Lao migrants endeavour to pass down some Lao traditions by copying everyday life's gestures and joining in celebrations. They fight against acculturation by building up a network of relationships which helps keeping the major Lao values alive. As a result ther is no doubt about some Lao culture being passed down. Yet, Lao migrants' children who were brought up in France are in fact reinterpreting traditions and stories inherited from their parents. Consequently, this thesis accounts for the reflexions, efforts and concessions which were involved between Lao and French cultures and which go along the identity quest of the young born of Lao immigration waves. The migrants' children's real-life in Montpellier proves that building up their identity in the French society requires assessing the country of origin and family past with the benefit of hindsight. Although they seem to be desoriented these migrants' children are fully aware of the fact that they will never live in Laos, for they consider they belong here. These young people are developing their own unique identity
Demoulin, Claire. „Hollywood Transatlantique : traversées visuelles, culturelles et sociales dans les films biographiques de William Dieterle (1936-1942)“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PA080023.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis dissertation focuses on a corpus of biographical films, directed by German-born filmmaker William Dieterle in Hollywood between 1936 and 1942. It examines the multifaceted relationships between the Studio System in which the director worked, the growing feeling of danger in the period that led up to the United States’ entry into the war, and the genre of biographical pictures that developed at the time. Because this film cycle was produced in a historical context marked by exile and deep political crises, its analysis brings out the central role played by migration —and the intermediaries and networks it entailed— in the transatlantic cultural transfers that contributed to the development of Western narratives shared by both sides of the Atlantic. The iconographic, formal, and discursive analysis of these films highlights the processes of cultural hybridization that contributed to the syncretism of European and American referents, and through which Paul Ehrlich and Florence Nightingale are reborn as progressive heroes and defenders of America. It is through a formal face-to-face encounter with audiences of the 1930s and 1940s —by means of direct address to the camera— that these reenactments of the past plea for the universality and timelessness of the struggles they seek to convey ; the biographical mode is used in this encounter as a strategy to circumvent censorship and to ward off, via entertainment, the collapse of political expression. The primary goal of this dissertation is to question the interactions between cinema and society and to examine the relationships between social spheres and the making of these films, both for the films’ portrayals of societal transformations of the era and for the types of social and political intervention that they created
Toubal, Sherif. „L'Héritage d'exil : Lecture psychanalytique des figurations identitaires et subjectives, en situation d'exil à partir de références islamiques -" Il était une foi(s)"“. Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON30095/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis deals with the legacy inherited from the generations after the arrival of the first migrants from the Maghreb and more broadly from the Islamic world. The immigrant is an exile of the womb, difficult living conditions led him to go and seek elsewhere, to go into exile. Once on the coasts of the Occident his world is called into question. Particularly with the emergence of the object « a » frequently hidden under a veil on the lands of Islam. Desire and temptations lead to a trauma due to the turmoil in the speech of the Other in oneself...The word of the Other befalls as a predestination. For the heir to the exile this question becomes more marked, as Lacan says « the unconscious is the desire of the Other », something is imparted beyond the message… the wrench of the exile is transmitted and the physical exile comes and covers the exile of the language
Santana, De Andrade Glenda. „« Suis-je une réfugiée ? Suis-je un réfugié ? ». : les stratégies de survie de Syriennes et de Syriens dans les espaces urbains en Turquie et en Jordanie“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PA080072.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSince 2011, 5.6 million people have fled Syria due to ongoing conflict. The vast majority sought refuge in neighbouring Turkey and Jordan. This thesis analyses, within the context of urban exile in Turkey and Jordan, the different experiences and survival strategies of Syrians who are modulated by particular relations of race, class and gender. It aims to explain how refugees manage to create their own visibility in this new space full of limitations, and further explores how their newfound participation in these urban areas can deconstruct dominant representations of refugees, who are otherwise seen as threats or as voiceless victims. In all, this research, that focuses on the agency of Syrians, aims to go beyond the vulnerability of refugees, without neglecting the violence they endure. In order to analyse this process, this study is based on a series of semi-structured interviews with Syrians, local communities in Turkey and Jordan. The interviews were conducted in several cities, with different profiles in 2016 and 2017. This methodology is complemented with a more anthropological / ethnological approach
Desplechin, François. „L'identité dans l'exil : Clinique auprès de sujets migrants, la question de l’identité dans la psychanalyse“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM3050/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe purpose of this doctoral thesis is:- to think identity in psychoanalysis through the clinical care of first generation migrants (asylum seekers in Marseille, migrants in irregular status in Barcelona)- to work on those clinical facts : how can we understand that some patients are able to say "I don't know who I am", how can we understand that they go through some inhibitions to "live in the place" (F. Benslama), and how can we understand that some of them go through psychic collapse at the moment of the announcement of an agreement for political asylum?The hypothesis that I make is that these clinical facts can be understood as a "clinic of identity". The purpose to think identity through exile lead us to the hypothesis that the access of self-representation is built on the experience of otherness. This is why the exile can be interpreted (as a psychical experience) as an alteration of the relationship with the Other, which means as an alteration of self-representation.This implies to make the hypothesis that there is, inside of the question of exile, an unconscious phantasy of treason, and that this phantasy is related with the identity, and that this phantasy is based over the unspeakable fear of being forgotten.The clinical care will then be understood as an "identity work", which means as a work of recognition of the singularity of the event that the subject goes through, so that the patient would be able to restart the dialogue with himself. Then the exile may be thought in its ontological dimension : it means as an experience of identity
El objetivo de esta tesis es :- por una parte, pensar el concepto de identidad en el psicoanálisis a través de la clínica con pacientes emigrantes de primera generación (solicitantes de asilo político en Marsella, inmigrantes de primera generación en situación irregular o ilegal en Barcelona)- por otra parte, de trabajar sobre los siguientes hechos clínicos relacionados con la cuestión de la identidad: ¿cómo entender el echo de que algunos pacientes llegan a decir "ya no sé quién soy", como entender el echo de que algunos manifiesten inhibiciones obvias con el echo de "habitar en el lugar" (F. Benslama), o como entender que algunos vivan un colapso psíquico en el momento del anuncio de un acuerdo de asilo político?La propuesta que hago es que estos hechos clínicos se puedan entender como relevantes de "una clínica de la identidad", lo que significa que se dirigen inconscientemente a la cuestión de la representación de si mismo.Pensar la identidad a través de exilio o de la migración conduce a sostener la hipótesis de que el acceso a si mismo está indexado sobre la presencia del Otro. En consecuencia, el exilio puede interpretarse, al nivel psíquico, como la experiencia de una alteración de la relación hacia el Otro, es decir, como una experiencia que puede conducir el sujeto (el paciente) hacia una alteración de la relación con si mismo.Esto supone hacer la hipótesis que, dentro del corazón de la migración, se encuentra una fantasía inconsciente de traición o de falta, fantasía que se dirige hacia la identidad, y que se construye sobre un temor, aún más inconsciente, relacionado, por el sujeto, con una angustia indecible relacionada con la angustia del olvido.Entonces el acompañamiento clínico podrá pensarse como un "trabajo de identidad", es decir como un trabajo de reconocimiento de la singularidad del experiencia que vive el sujeto (el paciente) en exilio, para que pueda reanudar el diálogo con si mismo, y para que el exilio pueda abrirse en toda su dimensión ontológica, es decir, como una experiencia de identidad
Tartakowsky, Ewa. „Conditions et fonctions sociales de la littérature d’exil. Production littéraire des auteurs d’origine judéo-maghrébine en France“. Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20085.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMy dissertation research is focused on the literary production written by authors of North-African Jewish origin. Meaning a literature in exile, in the post-colonial era. My approach includes a prosopographical study, exploring the conditions and the social context that favorized this literature’s creation. The study proposes a classification of a number of authors, linking the sociological characteristics and particular attributes of this generation of writers with their cultural, historical, and cognitive backgrounds. The method uses semi-directive interviews with these subjects, as well as the study of their works, to see whether this “minority” literature can enlighten, and if so to what extent, about the interaction between history, memory, literature, and identity. In this perspective, the social usages and functions of this literature are examined, driving to the analysis of mechanisms and recurring themes that appear as the singular testimony of a moment of lived history. In doing so, it helps us to understand adjustment through literature
Bartel, Anja. „Parcours de jeunes réfugiés en France et en Allemagne : contextes politiques et expériences biographiques de la reconstruction d'une vie en exil“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2022. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2022/Bartel_Anja_2022_ED519.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBased on biographical interviews conducted with refugees and inspired by the method of “biographical policy evaluation”, this dissertation examines how young men who fled to France and Germany between 2014 and 2017 reconstruct life in exile. Through the comparison between the case studies different types of “flight dynamics” where distinguished. The research also shows that the logics of reception and integration policies implemented by the two States shape people’s experiences at different stages of their life course after the flight : when entering the category of “asylum seeker”, during the asylum application and after obtaining “refugee” status. However, the study also highlights that the possibilities of reconstructing life in exile do not only depend on the objective living situations of the refugees in the two countries. Subjective interpretations of exile, either as a rupture of a successful life or as a biographical opportunity, also affect refugees’ courses of action
Dianka, Daouda Bazin Marcel. „La migration internationale féminine individuelle à partir du Sénégal vers la France le cas des Fatou-Fatou /“. Reims : [s.n.], 2008. http://scdurca.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000971.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGarnier, Edwige. „Territoire et migration : le rôle de la territorialisation dans la construction identitaire et culturelle d'un groupe social se vivant en exil : les Pieds-Noirs aujourd'hui“. Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE10194.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis doctoral research is devoted to the french population of european and christian origin, established in Algeria, then re-patriated, called here the pied-noir population. This social group asserts a particular culture and identity. It also presents itself as uprooted. The departure from north Africa is still experienced as an exile by many members of this population, despite the fact that it truly was a repatriation within the nation-state. Re-patriation is thus integrated, generally, in the identity construction of this group. It seems that identity and cultural particularisms of the pied-noir population were preserved, although modified, following its migration. What happened to its rela tionship to space ? What are its current bonds with its lost territory? ln parallel, did this group take possession of certain spaces and places in france or abroad ? These questions concern at the same time the culture and the identity of the group but also its territorialisation and its territoriality at the present time. It is a matter, firstly, of taking stock of the extent to which culture, identity and territory interact with each other, and of the impact of a migration, and of mobility (more generally), upon these interactions. A reterritorialisation seems to be a necessity for the safeguard of the social group and also for a transmission of culture and identity to the generations who knew little or not at all of colonial Algeria. The form taken by territorial recombining raises questions. The concept of a territory as a limited area appears to be exceeded
Bruyere, Blandine. „Une aventure humaine : la migration : approche des processus inconscients prémigratoires“. Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20072/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMigration, exile, deportation, transplantation, exodus, expatriation are as many words to describe leaving a country. Though for a long time, social sciences have been attempting to understand all forms of migration, migration psychology is starting out. Up to now, it was interested in studying the immigrant's difficulties more than the emigrant.This study tries to update the psychic and dynamic process preliminary to departure. This is why I deliberately became a migrant during the whole research: I encountered, accompanied and took in charge prospective and transit migrants.My work enlightened on the complexity due to the diverse and intricate spaces of realities each subject has to deal with.However, migratory processes can be described as induced by oppressive contexts (in family or society) where control and violence are at the core of the bond. Economic motives are often put forward: they symbolize the duality of debt and reparation, and seem to be resulting from the murder fantasy in the family group.Migration denotes a form of libido and of epistemophilic drive. It is the actuation of a quest for the meaning of the other's (the parent's) narcissistic pleasure; it questions the violence and the control the other exerts over the group.Migration is both a metaphor and a symptom; it is the attempt to challenge and to modify the original alienation, as well as a repetition and a reversal of mechanisms of rejection and exclusion
Ovono, Essono Armel. „La construction du lien social chez les réfugies et demandeurs d’asile congolais au Gabon : «Une anthropologie de l’exil»“. Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20095/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe numerous studies on forced migration often focused attention on the existential conditions of refugees and the many "social disruption" that characterize their exile. Whether in camps or in the outskirts of major cities in Africa and Europe, which some have called "non-places", they are often presented as the "edge of the world." Without denying these realities, it should however put this table, showing that refugees know mobilize resources that enable them not only to overcome the vagaries of exile, but also to build social ties in relation to the situations that arise to them. Taking up against the allegations about the lack of social ties refugees, this work therefore seeks to examine how, from how positive or negative, Congolese refugees build social ties not only among themselves but also with indigenous and state and international institutions, in Libreville, Gabon. It is in an interactional perspective, with contributions from fields such as history, sociology, psychology and political science, to understand the overall structure of the bond that unites them. Two schemes organize the reports of the three categories of actors. When the scheme "Congolese refugees' structure links between Congolese exiles, the scheme" parents enemies "meanwhile, organizes the relations between them, the State and indigenous peoples. These two schemas are thus "sociable dispositions"("binders") in situation
Tocaciu, Roxana Luisa. „Un ailleurs intouchable : impasses institutionnelles et solutions subjectives dans l'accueil d'une population migrante d'origine rom“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3071.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis doctoral thesis emphacises the universal relation between subjet and culture from the standpoint of the psychoanalytic postulate of the unconscious as determining the fundamental lack of the subject, all of this beyond particular cultural declensions which “metaphorise” – through the signifiers of each culture – the fundamental prohibition which structures this relation as well as the cultural commandments thereby expressed.For this purpose, we base ourselves on the subjective experience of exile in real life as suspending the fundamental illusions of belonging, more specifically within the context of our clinical encounter with a member of the Roma migrant community within the Ile-de-France region. When using the term “Roma”, we refer to cultural and social backgrounds which, from the point of view of psychoanalysis, function according to symbolic coordinates. Such coordinates, before becoming culturally specific, are universal through what Freud designates as Kultur: the subject, who is subjected to the fundamental prohibition, finds a meaningful place within the order of generations and within gender differences. It is from this place that the subject, who must make do with his lack – lack which declines and circulates within the signifiers of his culture –, weaves his desire.If any particularity is to be taken into account, it must be located within the social conditions determining the migratory movement: the compositional safeguarding of the community's social structures even in foreing land permits the subject's initial symbolic configuration within his place of belonging to be conserved. Hence, if the symbolic mooring of the migrant Roma is not lost, even though he is constantly confronted with an imaginary overrun with figures of foreignness, it is because he has sealed its inscription within an elsewhere which is unalienable and intangible (said Athiganos in ancient Greek) as an immediate consequence of the unfamiliarity and the disallowance of a place among the others.Following this view we may understand, in such a particular migratory context, how exile does not commence with displacement, but rather through separation from a community of belonging, through confrontation with the lack of meaning within oneself – lack of meaning emerging within the encounter with the foreigner, radically questionning the subject's original symbolic place.Facing the exiled subject's nostalgic evocation of his loss, the clinician's task is to respectfully acknowledge these contents – as lost objects, which are presented by the patient as being of cultural order – , and go beyond, to focus upon the psychic process of loss itself, as well as the weakening of identity as a trial endured by the subject, as the latter becomes orphaned from the illusions founding the membership and symbolic place which suppored hitherto his desire. The questions arising from such a context will be those which lead to the patient's subjectivity, bringing out the fault lines of his symbolic composition: doubts of his origins, of the family order, of linkages with parents, of the rights and privileges of his siblings, of his own sexual choices, etc.Throughout our clinical follow-up, we observed a subjective usage of the place given to the foreigner, as a symbolic territory of alienation indispensable to the subjet facing the threatening desire of the feminin Other, from which the subject flees through a movement of auto-exile. If met and acknowledged through speech, he could metaphorise himself in a prolific exile. Following the operation of such subjective uprooting was the possibility that a symbolic space other than that of the origins be invested, metaphorised through social accomodation, to become a space capable of accomodating the initial subjective exile
Sosinski, Sandrine. „Les Polonais en Grande-Bretagne (1939 à 2009) : étude d’une identité, de l’exil à l’intégration“. Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040086.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePoland’s modern history has been bearing the mark of migration and exile. Ever since the 1830s, every decade has seen Poles finding a patriotic or economic refuge in Great-Britain, temporarily or permanently. However, before 1939, a small number of Polish-born people lived in Britain. In May 1940, the fall of France that had been a provisional asylum, hastened the influx of Polish soldiers and of the Polish Government-in-Exile, while the outcomes of the Yalta Conference in February 1945 led the Polish civilians onto the way of diaspora again. Most of those 160,000 Poles were born into the infant Second Republic of Poland that was independent from 1918 to 1939. Their backgrounds were varied. Nevertheless, whatever their aspirations for the future might have been, most expected to pursue them in an independent Poland after WWII. The bipolar world of 1945 decreed otherwise, for their motherland only gained back a very relative independence
Guilhem, Florence. „L' exil espagnol dans le sud-ouest de la France : de l'obsession du retour à l'intégration, 1936-1975“. Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001IEPP0033.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKefalidou, Charikleia Magdalini. „Mythe, symbole et identité à l’épreuve de l’entre-deux : l’écriture de l’arménité en France et aux États-Unis du début du XXe siècle à nos jours“. Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL155.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe present thesis focuses on the ways that writers from diaspora communities reinterpret and contextualize their Armenian ethnic background, myths ( ancient-historical and new) and symbols, problematizing exile, immigration and trauma in order to find their place in the literary field of their adoptive countries. Drawing on the diversity of Armenian diaspora communities and the variety of diasporic experiences, our aim is to reveal the procedures of reinterpretation of myths, symbols and other elements making up the Armenian ethnic identity, reterritorialized in different social and ethnic contexts, aiming to examine the evolution of this ethnic background though a diachronic perspective. Our comparative analysis deals with French and English-language writers of Armenian origin from two big diaspora communities of the West: the French-Armenian community and the Armenian-American community
Asgarov, Vazeh. „L'immigration des Azerbaïdjanais en France : histoire et perspectives“. Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00834990.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePistrick, Eckehard. „Chanter la Nostalgie : émigration, culture et créativité en Albanie du Sud“. Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100195.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis, based on extensive fieldwork in South Albania between 2007-2012, proposes a cultural, performance-centred approach for studying Albanian migration in past and present. Migration is discussed both as a lived reality and an imaginary representation. Local village feasts occupy a central place in this discussion as highly symbolic events in which the social and cultural shift between remaining villagers and returning migrants becomes prominently visible. This contradictory reality is approached by applying an anthropology of absence and by discussing migration as seen through local narratives. The notion of absence is of particular importance as it generates a spatial, social and sonic nostalgia (mall), which becomes prominently visible in everyday life. This nostalgia is not understood as a depressing mental state which impeeds action, but as mobilizing creative energy. The thesis examines the creative processes for „translating“ migration experience into an emotionalised vocality following a stricly emic approach. For local singers the concept of „living through“ (përjetoj) is central, as it provides them with the legitimacy to sing about it. This holds particularly true for migration songs (këngë kurbeti) which possess a vital social and emotional function. They contain elements of two juxtaposed categories: those of song (këngë) and those of lament (vajtim). What singers and audiences define as a migration song, is largely subjective and contextual. Consequently we propose to describe migration songs either as a hybrid repertoire or a „performative category“. The second term implies that the very meaning of the song is constructed in the moment of its performance.In a final part the multiple links between death and migration are discussed, exemplified by the tragedy of Otranto in 1997, an accident which caused the death of several migrants. Death as permanent absence, and migration as temporary absence considered as a metaphorical extension of death coincide here in an emblematic case
Diese Promotion versucht, basierend auf ethnologischen Feldforschungen in Südalbanien zwischen 2007 und 2012, eine kulturelle Perspektive auf das Phänomen Migration in Albanien zu eröffnen. Dabei wird Migration sowohl als gelebte Alltagsrealität, als auch als eine mentale Konstruktion betrachtet. Lokale Dorffeste nehmen in dieser Diskussion als symbolisch besetze Orte der sozialen Auseinandersetzung über Konzepte wie Tradition, Modernität und Authentizität eine zentrale Rolle ein. Gleichzeitig werden in ihnen die sozialen und kulturellen Brüche zwischen verbliebener Dorfbevölkerung und den zu diesen Anlässen heimkehrenden Migranten sichtbar. Methodologisch wurde diese widersprüchliche Realität durch die „Anthropology of Absence“ einer näheren Untersuchung unterzogen. Zudem wurde Migration aus dem Blickwinkel individueller Narrative betrachtet. Das Konzept der „Abwesenheit“ ist für den Fall Albaniens von entscheidender Bedeutung, da es räumliche, soziale und klangliche Nostalgie (mall) definiert, die im Alltagsleben omnipräsent ist. Diese Nostalgie erweist sich nicht als hinderliches Element, sondern als eine Quelle der Inspiration für lokale Musiker. Sie aktiviert Prozesse der „Übersetzung“ von Migrationserfahrung in Emotionalität und in Gesangspraktiken. Für lokale Sänger steht beim Schaffensprozess das „durchleben“ (përjetoj) der Migrationserfahrung am Anfang eines Liedes. Diese Erfahrung verleiht ihnen die nötige Autorität um in authentischer Art und Weise über Migration zu singen. Das dabei entstehende Migrationslied (këngë kurbeti) besitzt wichtige emotionale und soziale Funktionen für die Dorfgemeinschaft, die in der Arbeit diskutiert werden. Musikalisch handelt es sich um ein Repertoire, das sich zwischen den grundsätzlich entgegengesetzten Polen von Lied (këngë) und Totenklage (vajtim) bewegt. Aus der vergleichenden Analyse von verschiedenen Aufführungskontexten für Migrationslieder geht hervor, dass die Einordnung eines Liedes als Migrationslied von subjektiven Perspektiven und dem jeweiligen Aufführungskontext abhängig ist. Der Begriff „performative category“ wird daher vorgeschlagen um diese Gruppe von Liedern näher zu definieren.Im abschließenden Teil werden die engen Beziehungen zwischen Tod und Migration als Formen der permanenten bzw. temporären Abwesenheit am Beispiel der Tragödie von Otranto 1997 untersucht. Die Koinzidenz von Migration und Tod führte in diesem Fall zu einer kulturellen Reaktion und zur Schaffung zahlreicher Lieder, in denen sich Migration als „nationale Mythengeschichte“ wiederfindet
Guillemard, Eléna. „L'adieu aux ordres. Les sécularisations des religieuses au moment de la Réforme (France, Suisse, Angleterre, XVIe siècle)“. Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE3020.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOut of the 200 or so women that I found who left the religious orders during the 16th century in France, Switzerland and England, certain life paths suggest the difficulty of adapting to the secular life, especially in terms of economy. Indeed, these women, often deprived of family support (they were able to leave against the will of their families because their exit threatened family legacies by reintroducing them as potential heirs), alone in the world for the first time, had to find the means for a secular adaptation. But their capacity for action was often limited: thus, on the one hand, noble women, such as Charlotte de Bourbon, the future Princess of Orange, left and regained their former social position, with the help of various networks of solidarity; on the other hand, less famous women, from families with various social backgrounds, faced the return to the world without any economic, friendly or family support. A question then arises as to the future of these women: what form does their secularization take? If Protestant and Catholic discourses acclaimed or condemned marriage, it would seem that only some of the women who had escaped from the cloister chose that path. Thus, these paths present multiple alternatives, between forming a conjugal home, obtaining pensions, annuities, or returning to their parents’ home. Through these paths, the former nuns invented their life itineraries, in a context of religious confrontations in which their status as former nuns constantly influenced and conditioned the modalities of their return to the world
Feoli-Gudino, Anrea. „De retour : le post-exil comme mise à l'épreuve de l'origine dans les spectacles de Jorge Lavelli et Andrei Serban“. Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3612/1/M11586.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCrépeau, Noémie. „Lier les présents aux absents : regards sur la condition d’exilé dans les littératures libano-québécoise et arabe contemporaine“. Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/9226.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleExile is a condition of displacement and a phenomenon that affects great masses of people today. Although this experience exists since the proverbial beginning of time, its parameters are changing in the present context of globalization, which transforms the role of nations and where societies are characterized by greater mobility and cultural diversity. The profound psychological and cultural transformations of identity – inward and outward – to which people are confronted through displacement can be understood as a condition per se, an exilic condition. This condition with moving marks, and which develops in a discontinuous temporality and as a necessarily painful experience, has been the source of prolific literature and of literary studies in the 20th century and before. How, differently then, does the 21st century gaze at this condition ? In this thesis, four works are analyzed in which the authors present different visions of the exilic condition. Two main lines of thinking have been explored around this condition: Edward Said embraced a critical and political posture while Julia Kristeva conceived of exile in its psychological dimensions. Within these analytic perspectives, Mourid Barghouti’s autobiography has affinities with Said’s approach as it inaugurates an autonomous condition. Through Rawi Hage’s novel, a more psychological experience of exile is observed, one that is more violent and traumatic. It sheds light on the undeniable impact of the environment on the experience of exile in the host country. If the relation to the host country stays dysfunctional, a pathological attitude to the exilic experience may develop. Abla Farhoud’s novel explores the possible overcoming of the pathologies of exile through distance, age, time, and words, the distance needed for Dounia. Finally, the psychological limitations of exile can be overcome by translating the “unspeakable” in violence, by a return to the pre-exilic traumas, and by a collective sharing of this restorative work. Mouawad’s play also exposes the psychological dimension of exile, but it also maintains its critical and political ones. We observe through these analyses that the exilic condition demands a redressing of the traumas that preceded exile, understood as another trauma, so that the exiled can exist in an autonomous, creative and committed way in his or her society of adoption. For the last three authors, this society is Québec, which shows openness to, and comprehension of, the major issues of the exilic condition in the 21st century.