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1
Cadd, Theodore L., Paul M. Slyman und Lillian M. Maizer. „The ICS Planning Process Exercise: A New Exercise Tool“. International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1999, Nr. 1 (01.03.1999): 411–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1999-1-411.
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ABSTRACT The authors propose a structurally different kind of exercise where the participants not only become familiar with the plans being exercised but also have the time to learn their positions within the Incident Command System (ICS) response structure. The ICS Planning Process Exercise (IPPE) also allows for contingency plan validation. In the more familiar exercise types—tabletop exercises, functional or field exercises, and full-scale exercises—players come together for a period of time to execute the exercise. There is usually no time allowed for detailed reading of the plans or anything but the most cursory training for their assigned responsibilities within the response structure. The IPPE is an exercise conducted over a period of weeks or months at a reduced cost to the companies and agencies involved, with time built in for training and contingency plan familiarization. Moreover, assumptions made by the contingency plans or during the other style of exercises are validated or challenged as needed. The IPPE is intended to test plans and train people. The primary goals of the IPPE are to validate plans, to become familiar with plans, and to familiarize ICS personnel with their assigned positions such as Section Chief, Division Supervisor, Situation Unit Leader or any other identified responsibilities.
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Nadeau, Marcel. „Force, puissance ou vitesse“. STAPS 10, Nr. 19 (1989): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/staps.1989.1521.
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It is quite easy to establish the difference between a strengthening exercice and an exercise for speed. There is however some confusion with regards to the definition of an exercise for power unless we refer to newtonian mechanics. A strengthening exercise is a movement that allows a build-up of tension in a contracting muscle group. An exercise for power is a movement that permits a rapid variation in the amount of potential energy and of kinetic energy of a segment. The isokinetic dynamometer is an apparatus designed for the evaluation of the strength and of the power production by a muscle group of the lower and/or the upper extremities. Because of its variety in resistance setting the bicycle ergometer is as well a dynamometer that allows differentiation between a strengthening exercice and a power exercise. The muscle strengthening apparatus are mainly designed for strengthening exercises and not for power exercises. The differentiation between these exercise modalities is part of the efficiency of a training program.
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Lin, Szu-Yu, Chi-Wen Jao, Po-Shan Wang, Michelle Liou, Jun-Liang Wu, Hsiao Chun, Ching-Ting Tseng und Yu-Te Wu. „Differences in Physiological Signals Due to Age and Exercise Habits of Subjects during Cycling Exercise“. Sensors 21, Nr. 21 (29.10.2021): 7220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21217220.
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Numerous studies indicated the physical benefits of regular exercise, but the neurophysiological mechanisms of regular exercise in elders were less investigated. We aimed to compare changes in brain activity during exercise in elderly people and in young adults with and without regular exercise habits. A total of 36 healthy young adults (M/F:18/18) and 35 healthy elderly adults (M/F:20/15) participated in this study. According to exercise habits, each age group were classified into regular and occasional exerciser groups. ECG, EEG, and EMG signals were recorded using V-AMP with a 1-kHz sampling rate. The participants were instructed to perform three 5-min bicycle rides with different exercise loads. The EEG spectral power of elders who exercised regularly revealed the strongest positive correlation with their exercise intensity by using Pearson correlation analysis. The results demonstrate that exercise-induced significant cortical activation in the elderly participants who exercised regularly, and most of the p-values are less than 0.001. No significant correlation was observed between spectral power and exercise intensity in the elders who exercised occasionally. The young participants who exercised regularly had greater cardiac and neurobiological efficiency. Our results may provide a new exercise therapy reference for adult groups with different exercise habits, especially for the elders.
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Borello-France, Diane, Kathryn L. Burgio, Patricia S. Goode, Alayne D. Markland, Kimberly Kenton, Aarthi Balasubramanyam und Anne M. Stoddard. „Adherence to Behavioral Interventions for Urge Incontinence When Combined With Drug Therapy: Adherence Rates, Barriers, and Predictors“. Physical Therapy 90, Nr. 10 (01.10.2010): 1493–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20080387.
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Background Behavioral intervention outcomes for urinary incontinence (UI) depend on active patient participation. Objective The purpose of this study was to describe adherence to behavioral interventions (pelvic-floor muscle [PFM] exercises, UI prevention strategies, and delayed voiding), patient-perceived exercise barriers, and predictors of exercise adherence in women with urge-predominant UI. Design This was a prospectively planned secondary data analysis from a 2-stage, multicenter, randomized clinical trial. Patients and Intervention Three hundred seven women with urge-predominant UI were randomly assigned to receive either 10 weeks of drug therapy only or 10 weeks of drug therapy combined with a behavioral intervention for UI. One hundred fifty-four participants who received the combined intervention were included in this analysis. Measurements Pelvic-floor muscle exercise adherence and exercise barriers were assessed during the intervention phase and 1 year afterward. Adherence to UI prevention strategies and delayed voiding were assessed during the intervention only. Results During intervention, 81% of women exercised at least 5 to 6 days per week, and 87% performed at least 30 PFM contractions per day. Ninety-two percent of the women used the urge suppression strategy successfully. At the 12-month follow-up, only 32% of the women exercised at least 5 to 6 days per week, and 56% performed 15 or more PFM contractions on the days they exercised. The most persistent PFM exercise barriers were difficulty remembering to exercise and finding time to exercise. Similarly, difficulty finding time to exercise persisted as a predictor of PFM exercise adherence over time. Limitations Co-administration of medication for UI may have influenced adherence. Conclusions Most women adhered to exercise during supervised intervention; however, adherence declined over the long term. Interventions to help women remember to exercise and to integrate PFM exercises and UI prevention strategies into daily life may be useful to promote long-term adherence.
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Zhou, Lan. „CELL METABOLISM UNDER DIFFERENT INTENSITY EXERCISES IN SPORTS MEDICINE“. Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 27, Nr. 7 (Juli 2021): 682–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-8692202127072021_0334.
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ABSTRACT Introduction: Articular cartilage is an essential structure for joint weight-bearing and movement. If it is always under a specific mechanical stimulation, it will cause osteoarthritis (OA) and even involve the articular cartilage. Sports can affect articular cartilage thickness, cartilage surface morphology, and cartilage cell metabolism. Objective: This thesis studies the cell metabolism of knee cartilage tissue with exercises of different intensities. Methods: We divided 40 rats into four groups according to exercise intensity. The control group exercised freely, while the experimental group exercised with different intensities. After eight weeks of exercise, we extracted the knee joint cartilage to observe its cell metabolism. Results: We found that the cartilage surface of the rats was complete after exercise, and the thickness of the cartilage layer was significantly greater than that of rats without exercise. Conclusion: Exercises of different intensities have different effects on the metabolism of cartilage cells in the knee joint of rats. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
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Ko, Junho, Seong-Wook Jang, Hyo Taek Lee, Han-Kyung Yun und Yoon Sang Kim. „Effects of Virtual Reality and Non–Virtual Reality Exercises on the Exercise Capacity and Concentration of Users in a Ski Exergame: Comparative Study“. JMIR Serious Games 8, Nr. 4 (28.10.2020): e16693. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/16693.
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Background Recently, ski exergames have been gaining popularity due to the growing interest in health improvement. Conventional studies evaluating the effects of ski exergames only considered exercise capacity and overlooked concentration. Ski exergames consist of a motion platform for exercise and virtual reality (VR) content in the game. The VR content enhances the exercise capacity and concentration of the user by providing a challenging goal. Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of VR and non-VR exercises on the exercise capacity and concentration of users in a ski exergame. Methods To examine the effects of the VR content in ski exergames, we performed 2 experiments, non-VR exercise and VR exercise, where participants exercised on the motion platform. If a user performs an exercise without using any VR content, it is a non-VR exercise. Contrastingly, in the case of VR exercise, a user exercises according to the VR content (a downhill scenario). In addition to the range of motion (ROM) of the ankle and rated perceived exertion (RPE) to assess exercise capacity, we used electroencephalography (EEG) to assess users’ concentration. Results We evaluated the effects of the VR content by comparing the results obtained from VR and non-VR exercises. The ROM of the ankle with VR exercise was wider than that with non-VR exercise. Specifically, ROM of the ankle was 115.71° (SD 17.71°) and 78.50° (SD 20.43°) in VR exercise and non-VR exercise, respectively. The RPE difference between the 2 exercises was not statistically significant. The result of the sensorimotor rhythm waves (which are concentration-related EEG signals) was more favorable for VR exercise than non-VR exercise. The ratios of sensorimotor rhythm wave in EEG were 3.08% and 2.70% in the VR exercise and non-VR exercise, respectively. Conclusions According to the results of this experiment, higher exercise capability and concentration were achieved with the VR exercise compared with non-VR exercise. The observations confirm that VR content can enhance both exercise capability and concentration of the user. Thus, the ski exergames can be used effectively by those who, in general, do not like exercise but enjoy games.
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Goršič, Maja, Imre Cikajlo, Nika Goljar und Domen Novak. „A Multisession Evaluation of a Collaborative Virtual Environment for Arm Rehabilitation“. PRESENCE: Virtual and Augmented Reality 27, Nr. 3 (Juli 2020): 274–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/pres_a_00331.
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In recent years, several multi-user virtual environments (VEs) have been developed to promote motivation and exercise intensity in motor rehabilitation. While competitive VEs have been extensively evaluated, collaborative and competitive rehabilitation VEs have seen relatively little study. Therefore, this article presents an evaluation of a VE for post-stroke arm rehabilitation that mimics everyday kitchen tasks and can be used either solo or collaboratively. Twenty subacute stroke survivors exercised with the VE for four sessions, with the first and third sessions involving solo exercise and the other two involving collaborative exercise. Exercise intensity was measured using inertial sensors while motivation was measured with questionnaires. Results showed high motivation and exercise intensity over all four sessions, and 11 of 20 participants preferred collaborative over solo exercise while only 4 preferred solo exercise. However, there were no differences in motivation, exercise duration, or exercise intensity between solo and collaborative sessions. Thus, we cannot currently claim that collaborative exercises are beneficial for upper limb rehabilitation. Future studies should evaluate other collaborative VE designs in different settings (e.g., at home) and with different participant pairs (e.g., patient-unimpaired) to find effective ways to utilize collaborative exercises in motor rehabilitation.
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Smith, R., K. Vernon, J. Gibbons, D. Kelley, J. Anton und C. Mortensen. „183 EXERCISE INFLUENCES EMBRYO QUALITY IN MARES“. Reproduction, Fertility and Development 22, Nr. 1 (2010): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv22n1ab183.
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Athletic mares are commonly utilized in an embryo transfer regimen during the breeding season, which allows owners to continue to train and compete with these animals. Exercising mares in a hot and humid environment has proven detrimental to embryo recovery rates. However, the effects of exercise under milder temperatures have not been examined. Our goal was to compare embryo recovery rates and embryo quality scores of mares under mild environmental conditions of 2 differing exercise regimens v. a single control group (n = 5). One treatment group (full exercise) consisted of mares (n = 5) exercised 6 days a week throughout the duration of the project. The partial-exercise group (n = 5) was exercised throughout the duration of the project 7 days a week, with full rest from day of detected ovulation to the proceeding embryo collection attempt. This was to limit any deleterious effects exercise may potentially have on the mare and subsequent early developing equine embryo. Exercise resumed the day after an embryo collection attempt for the partial-exercise group. Exercised mares were given a 1-month training period prior to the beginning of this project and were moderately exercised for 30 min in a mechanical exercise pen (free exerciser). Control mares were managed similarly as the other groups, however were not exercised. Mares were bred via artificial insemination and embryos were nonsurgically collected 7 d post-ovulation. Mean environmental temperature during the duration of this study was 27.1°C with average 60% humidity. Immediately following completion of exercise, mares in the full exercise group had a mean temperature increase of 1.0°C and partial-exercised mares increased 0.9°C. Exercise had a significant effect on embryo quality (P < 0.05, Table 1) but did not influence embryo recovery rate. The mean embryo quality score for the control group was 1.1, whereas the full-exercised group was 1.85 and partial-exercised group was 2.5. It appears from these data that exercise has a negative effect on embryo quality, thus lowering the availability of transferable embryos. Embryos of lower quality (≥3) have been shown to result in poor pregnancy rates in horses. Additionally, rest from ovulation to an embryo collection attempt did not improve embryo quality. Table 1.Embryo recovery rate and quality score of embryos from control and exercised mares
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Borello-France, Diane, Kathryn L. Burgio, Patricia S. Goode, Wen Ye, Alison C. Weidner, Emily S. Lukacz, John-Eric Jelovsek et al. „Adherence to Behavioral Interventions for Stress Incontinence: Rates, Barriers, and Predictors“. Physical Therapy 93, Nr. 6 (01.06.2013): 757–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20120072.
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BackgroundFirst-line conservative treatment for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women is behavioral intervention, including pelvic-floor muscle (PFM) exercise and bladder control strategies.ObjectiveThe purposes of this study were: (1) to describe adherence and barriers to exercise and bladder control strategy adherence and (2) to identify predictors of exercise adherence.DesignThis study was a planned secondary analysis of data from a multisite, randomized trial comparing intravaginal continence pessary, multicomponent behavioral therapy, and combined therapy in women with stress-predominant urinary incontinence (UI).MethodsData were analyzed from the groups who received behavioral intervention alone (n=146) or combined with continence pessary therapy (n=150). Adherence was measured during supervised treatment and at 3, 6, and 12 months post-randomization. Barriers to adherence were surveyed during treatment and at the 3-month time point. Regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of exercise adherence during supervised treatment and at the 3- and 12-month time points.ResultsDuring supervised treatment, ≥86% of the women exercised ≥5 days a week, and ≥80% performed at least 30 contractions on days they exercised. At 3, 6, and 12 months post-randomization, 95%, 88%, and 80% of women, respectively, indicated they were still performing PFM exercises. During supervised treatment and at 3 months post-randomization, ≥87% of the women reported using learned bladder control strategies to prevent SUI. In addition, the majority endorsed at least one barrier to PFM exercise, most commonly “trouble remembering to do exercises.” Predictors of exercise adherence changed over time. During supervised intervention, less frequent baseline UI and higher baseline 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) mental scores predicted exercise adherence. At 3 months post-randomization, women who dropped out of the study had weaker PFMs at baseline. At 12 months post-randomization, only “trouble remembering” was associated with exercise adherence.LimitationsAdherence and barrier questionnaires were not validated.ConclusionsAdherence to PFM exercises and bladder control strategies for SUI can be high and sustained over time. However, behavioral interventions to help women link exercise to environmental and behavioral cues may only be beneficial over the short term.
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Natividad, Toribio, Julie Dial, Randal Morris, Michael Nash, Matt Brunson, William Buford, Rita Patterson und Kim Garges. „Abdominal Muscle Activity During Exercise Ball, Machine, and Floor Strengthening Exercises“. Texas Orthopaedic Journal 1, Nr. 1 (31.03.2015): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18600/toj.010101.
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Lee, Eunsang, Won-je Choi, Dae-in Jung und Seungwon Lee. „A Randomized Controlled Trial on Posture Improvement and Trunk Muscle Strength by Round Shoulder Posture Improvement Exercise“. International Journal of E-Health and Medical Communications 9, Nr. 4 (Oktober 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijehmc.2018100101.
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The aim of this article was to examine investigates the effects of posture-improving exercises on round shoulder posture (RSP) and back muscle strength. 35 college students participated in this study and were measured for both shoulder height and muscle strength. After pretest, participants were divided into shoulder stabilization exercise group (SSEG, n1=12), antagonist strength exercise group (ASEG, n2=12), and control group (CG, n3=11). SSEG and ASEG exercised with a trainer 3 times a week for 30 minutes during 4 weeks. After completion of intervention, there was a significant difference in both shoulders and trunk muscle strength is significant difference for SSEG, ASEG and CG. This study has found that strengthening exercise is more effective in RSP reduction. However, it is the opinion of the researchers that the 4 week exercise period was not long enough to achieve significant results for other measurements. Further comparative studies related to the effects of strength exercises on RSP reduction, lung capacity, and trunk muscle strength is necessary.
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Tanucan, Jem Cloyd M., Marino A. Garcia und Marlon T. Bojos. „Housework-based exercise versus conventional exercise on health-related fitness of adolescent learners“. Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports 26, Nr. 6 (28.10.2022): 364–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2022.0602.
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Background and Study Aim. There is a void in the literature comparing the fitness effects of housework-based exercise (HBE) and conventional exercise (CE), including studies that adapt housework into an exercise program. This study examines the effectiveness of HBE and CE on adolescent learners' health-related fitness (HRF) and compares the effectiveness of the two exercises.
Material and Methods. This study uses a parallel-group, randomized controlled trial with 120 adolescent learners; 60 are in the HBE group, and 60 are in the CE group. The participants in the HBE group exercised using housework activities, while the participants in the CE group exercised by doing push and pull, squats, lunges, leaps and jumps, planks, etc. The participants in both groups trained for at least an hour every weekday for 12 weeks under the supervision of qualified fitness instructors.
Results. The findings show that HBE improves the fitness levels of adolescent learners, albeit it has no significant improvement in their BMI. Furthermore, HBE significantly improves the cardiorespiratory fitness of females more than males. Finally, CE outperforms the HBE in producing more significant and favorable fitness effects.
Conclusions. When planned, implemented, and monitored carefully as an exercise program, doing housework is just as good as doing traditional exercise for keeping or improving adolescent learners’ fitness. Furthermore, the findings indicate that HBE may be more appropriate for females because it involves household-related tasks that they traditionally perform.However, CE produces more positive and significant fitness effects. Thus, teachers can use HBE in the remote exercise activities of their learners along with CE.
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Mumtaz, Muhammad Talha, Shanaiz Khan, Usama Ikram, Mohammad Mustafa Farooq ,. Khan, Maliha Aslam Khan und Ali Salman. „Investigating the Dynamic Relationship between Exercise and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction“. Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 17, Nr. 4 (26.05.2023): 642–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023174642.
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Objective: to investigate the dynamic relationship between exercise and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk reduction. Methodology; in this cross sectional survey sample of 500 patients from different hospitals of Lahore was included in the study between October 2021 and February 2022. Participants who exercised at least three times a week for an average of 30 minutes or more were considered as physically active. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS 26. Odds ratio were computed. Results: The demographic characteristics of the participants show that 64.2% of the participants were females with a mean age of 46.2 years. The study results suggest that exercise is significantly associated with a lower risk of CVD. Participants who exercised had a 76% lower risk of CVD compared to those who did not exercise. Additionally, the study demonstrated that longer duration and higher frequency of exercise were associated with lower CVD risk. Implication: Assessing the existing professional exercise recommendations for hypertension, Healthcare professionals can use the findings to guide patients on the benefits of exercise and promote a healthy lifestyle. Conclusion: The findings emphasize the importance of regular physical activity for the prevention of CVD. Future research should explore the most effective types of exercises for risk reduction in different sub-groups. We recommend targeted interventions aimed at promoting an active and healthy lifestyle and raising awareness on the importance of exercise for the prevention of CVD. Keywords: Exercise, Cardiovascular, Risk factors, Physical inactive
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Nosaka, Kaoru, Caitlin Fox-Harding und Kazunori Nosaka. „Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on physical activity behaviours of older adults who participated in a community-based exercise program prior to the lockdown“. PLOS Global Public Health 2, Nr. 11 (11.11.2022): e0001217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001217.
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This study investigated the impact of the 2020 COVID-19 lockdown on community-dwelling older adults attending a community-based exercise program to seek strategies to keep them active during self-isolated situations. A two-phase mixed methods approach included a survey followed by in-person focus groups. Forty-eight participants, with 32 starting a community-based exercise program before the lockdown and 16 joining the program after the lockdown, completed a questionnaire survey about physical activities before and during the lockdown. This was followed by three focus groups (26 participants in total) to identify factors influencing physical activity behaviours found in the survey. The survey found that the COVID-19 lockdown had varied impact on exercise adherence of the older adults: 43% of the participants exercised less during the lockdown than pre-lockdown, but 26% exercised more. Interestingly, among the participants approximately 80% still achieved the recommended physical activity level by the WHO during the lockdown. The focus groups revealed that exercise behaviours before the lockdown directly affected the behaviours during the lockdown. Participants’ recognition of the support from trustworthy people also influenced their motivation to perform exercises in an isolated environment. Remote exercise programs, such as digital and printed exercise materials, were found beneficial for the participants only when they came from the people the older adults trusted through their previous experience (i.e., the program). A sense of belonging to the exercise group was also essential for the participants to achieve self-managed exercise. It was concluded that older adults need connections to an exercise group and a trustworthy exercise instructor who could continuously support them to be physically active in isolated situations such as lockdowns, in addition to exercise knowledge and a better understanding of the benefits of exercise.
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Hussain, Afzaal, Kashif Zafar, Abdul Rauf Baig, Riyad Almakki, Lulwah AlSuwaidan und Shakir Khan. „Sensor-Based Gym Physical Exercise Recognition: Data Acquisition and Experiments“. Sensors 22, Nr. 7 (24.03.2022): 2489. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22072489.
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Automatic tracking and quantification of exercises not only helps in motivating people but also contributes towards improving health conditions. Weight training, in addition to aerobic exercises, is an important component of a balanced exercise program. Excellent trackers are available for aerobic exercises but, in contrast, tracking free weight exercises is still performed manually. This study presents the details of our data acquisition effort using a single chest-mounted tri-axial accelerometer, followed by a novel method for the recognition of a wide range of gym-based free weight exercises. Exercises are recognized using LSTM neural networks and the reported results confirm the feasibility of the proposed approach. We train and test several LSTM-based gym exercise recognition models. More specifically, in one set of experiments, we experiment with separate models, one for each muscle group. In another experiment, we develop a universal model for all exercises. We believe that the promising results will potentially contribute to the vision of an automated system for comprehensive monitoring and analysis of gym-based exercises and create a new experience for exercising by freeing the exerciser from manual record-keeping.
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Boda, Wanda L., Donald E. Watenpaugh, Richard E. Ballard und Alan R. Hargens. „Supine lower body negative pressure exercise simulates metabolic and kinetic features of upright exercise“. Journal of Applied Physiology 89, Nr. 2 (01.08.2000): 649–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2000.89.2.649.
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Exercise within an artificial gravity environment may help prevent microgravity-induced deconditioning. We hypothesized that supine lower body negative pressure (LBNP) exercise simulates physiological and biomechanical features of upright exercise. Walking (4.5 ± 0.3 km/h) and running (8.0 ± 1.0 km/h) while supine within a LBNP exerciser were compared with walking and running while upright. Eight healthy subjects exercised for 5 min at each of the four posture/gait conditions. LBNP of 52 ± 4 mmHg generated one body weight of supine ground reaction force (GRF). Gait parameters and GRFs were measured during the third minute of exercise, and heart rate and oxygen consumption were measured during the fifth minute. Oxygen consumption during supine LBNP treadmill exercise [walking: 14.6 ± 0.9; running: 32.2 ± 1.6 (SE) ml · min−1 · kg−1] was similar to that during upright treadmill exercise (walking: 15.1 ± 0.9; running: 34.0 ± 1.9 ml · min−1 · kg−1). Heart rate for supine LBNP exercise (grand mean: 133 ± 11 beats/min) was also similar to that for upright exercise (136 ± 11 beats/min). Footward forces integrated over each stride (330.5 ± 34.4 vs. 319.1 ± 29.6 N · s) and rate of force generation (26,483 ± 4,310 vs. 25,634 ± 4,434 N/s) were similar for upright and LBNP exercise, respectively. Our collective results indicate that supine exercise within LBNP can simulate the physiological stress and GRFs that are generated during upright gait.
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Basoglu, Umut Davut. „Exercise Addiction: A Comparison Between the Individuals Who Exercise for Physical Recreation and Who Receive Personal Exercise Training“. Journal of Education and Training Studies 6, Nr. 12 (28.09.2018): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v6i12.3604.
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In the study, we aim to investigate the exercise addiction levels of the individuals who join sports centers for recreational activity and the ones who also receive personal exercise training. The universe of this study is the individuals who are members of The Club sports center located in Istanbul province, the European side of Esenyurt. The sample is composed of 120 members who are selected by the simple random sampling. The participants are all the members of the sports center who have regularly exercised for at least one year and continue to sports center at least two days a week. Participants have received enlightened approvals for voluntary participation either.In order to measure exercise addiction level, we used "Exercise Addiction Scale-21" developed by Hausenblas and Downs (2002) and adapted to Turkish by Yeltep and İkizler (2007).Frequency test is used to reveal the features of the participants. The data were not normally distributed. So Kruskal-Wallis and Mann Whitney U Tests were used for cross-group comparisons. Findings were accepted as statistically significant at p <0.05 level.Results show that exercise addiction levels of individuals who have received special training and those who spend more time on monthly and weekly exercise are higher than the rest.As a conclusion, the increase in the number of days and the number of hours of exercises seems to be an antecedent, of exercise addiction. We also find out that the exercise addiction levels of individuals who receive personal exercise training are higher.
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Eken, Özgür, und Ramazan Bayer. „The Effect of Different Dynamic Stretching Exercise Durations on Different Agility Performances in Judokas“. Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, Nr. 2 (26.02.2022): 487–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22162487.
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Background: Dynamic stretching exercises performed before competition or training can contribute to improve performance in athletes. However, there may be differences in performance development depending on the duration of the stretching exercises. Aim: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of different dynamic stretching exercise durations on different agility performances in judokas. Methods: Twelve male athletes between 18-25 years old, who exercised judo regularly for three days a week for at least 3 years (age, 21.42± 1.97 years; body height, 173.25± 3.13 cm; body weight 69.25± 2.98 kg; BMI 23.16±.39) participated in the study. Judokas' exercise protocols consisted of 5MDS (5 minutes of jogging + 5 minutes of dynamic stretching), 10MDS (5 minutes of jogging + 10 minutes of dynamic stretching) and 15MDS (5 minutes of jogging + 15 minutes of dynamic stretching) exercise protocols in consecutive days. After DS exercise, T-test agility, 505 agility and Illinois agility tests were performed. Results: There was a significant improvement in the performance of T test agility [F (1,595)= 19,184 p=.000, ηp 2: ,636], 505 agility test [F(1,703)= 9.448 p=.002, ηp 2: ,462] and Illinois agility test [F(1.419), p=.003, ηp 2: ,493] after 10MDS, 15MDS and 5MDS exercise protocols, from low to high, respectively. In addition, a significant difference was found between 5MDS, 10MDS and 15MDS exercise protocols (p<.05). Conclusion: According to the results of the study, it can be recommended that male judokas could perform 10MDS exercises before competition or training to improve their agility performance. On the contrary, 5MDS exercise is not recommended for judokas to improve their agility performance. Keywords: agility, judo, stretching, performance.
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DENİZOĞLU KÜLLİ, Hilal, Kubra ALPAY, Elif DURGUT und Ayşenur TEMİZEL. „Acute Effect of Unilateral Muscle Training Supported with Visual Feedback on Contralateral Muscle Strength and Joint Position Sense“. İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, Nr. 18 (31.12.2022): 963–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.38079/igusabder.1131359.
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Aim: Unilateral exercise training is an effective and useful technique, especially in immobilization and neurological conditions, but the effect of unilateral muscle exercise training on muscle strength is modest. Therefore, the aim of this study is to detect the acute concomitant effect of mirror therapy and unilateral exercise training on muscle strength and joint position sense in healthy adults.Method: Thirty-one participants were randomly enrolled in two groups the mirror (n=16) and control groups (n=15). Hand grip (HG), pinch grip (PG) strengths, and joint position sense (JPS) of the wrist were assessed in both hands before and after a single exercise session which include 300 repetitive ball squeezing exercises by right (exercised) hand for all groups. The participants in the mirror group were asked to watch the mirror to see the reflection of their exercised hands, the control group only watched their exercised and unexercised hands without any visual feedback support during the exercise session. Repeated Measure ANOVA and Mixed ANOVA tests were performed to analyze in- and between-group differences.Results: The statistically significant differences were determined in unexercised hand HG and PG strength in the mirror group (F=10,105; p=0,006, ηp2=0,403; F=5,341; p=0,035; ηp2=0,263, respectively). However, any group×time interaction was found in JPS, HG, or PG tests (p<0;05). Additionally, no difference was shown in JPS in-group comparisons (p<0;05).Conclusion: The result of the study suggested that unilateral exercise training should apply concomitant with visual feedback. Further studies are needed to compare the effect of different sensory feedbacks on unilateral exercise training.
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Harvianto, Yudo. „SOSIALISASI DAN BIMBINGAN BEROLAHRAGA PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 BAGI GENERASI-Z DI KOTA PALANGKARAYA“. Jurnal Pengabdian Olahraga Masyarakat (JPOM) 1, Nr. 1 (13.12.2020): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26877/jpom.v1i1.7449.
Annotation:
Exercise is an important as well as recommended activity during the current pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19). Exercise is also a way to improve human’s body fitness and stamina, so that it will boost the immune system. Good immune system will fight the Covid-19 better, but the problem now is how to start new habits in order to avoid transmission of this deadly virus. Inevitably, people need to change to do the new habits in all aspects of life, such as in social, in economic, in education and in health. The habits should be adapted to the public health protocols including in doing daily exercises. In some places, there are still many z-generations who are doing exercise while avoiding to comply those health protocols required by the government. This means that the exercise they are doing is not safe for their health and can even harm themselves. Some examples are (1) using a mask when doing an intense exercise, (2) not maintaining the suggested distance when doing group exercise, and (3) not bringing drinks from home. The aim of this activity is for the millennial generation to do exercisr properly during the Covid-19 pandemic. The method used was a regular socialization and guidance in carrying out exercises during a pandemic in accordance with good and right health protocols. The result showed that participants have properly and correctly understood and applied the required health protocols while doing exercises during the pandemic.Keywords: Excersice, Health Protocols, Z-Generations
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Parezanovic-Ilic, Katarina, Branislav Jeremic, Ljiljana Mladenovic-Segedi, Slobodan Arsenijevic und Milorad Jevtic. „Physical therapy in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence“. Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 139, Nr. 9-10 (2011): 638–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh1110638p.
Annotation:
Introduction. Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is an involuntary release of urine through the urethra during the increase of abdominal pressure in the absence of m. detrusor contraction. The exercise of pelvic floor muscles is recommended as the first line of cure. It is the least invasive and the only method without any undesirable side effects, which leads to either improvement or complete cure of SUI in 80-85% of cases. Objective. The aim of this study was to establish whether the strengthening of pelvic floor muscles using proprioceptive neural facilitation (PNF) spiral dynamic technique was more efficient in comparison to classical Kegel exercise. Methods. The research was carried out at the Centre for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Clinical Centre Kragujevac. Sixty-six female patients with the symptoms of SUI were monitored in the period of two years. Thirty-four patients did pelvic floor muscle exercises twice a day, in the morning and in the evening, with 15-20 contractions. Thirty-two patients used PNF spiral dynamic technique for strengthening pelvic floor muscles. The patients who used the spiral dynamic technique also did some exercises from the program; they exercised twice a day, in the morning and in the evening, following the prescribed schedule. Treatment outcome was assessed by measuring the pelvic floor muscles by a vaginal dynamometer. Results. The values of the pelvic floor muscle force that were measured using the vaginal dynamometer in both examined groups (PNF spiral dynamic technique or Kegel exercise) were statistically significantly higher after the implemented exercise program (t-test; p=0.000). No statistically significant difference in pelvic floor muscle values was found between the patients who applied PNF spiral dynamic technique and those who did Kegel exercise either before or after the exercise (two-factor analysis of variance with repeated measurements, factor of exercise type; p=0.899). Conclusion. Strengthening of pelvic floor muscles by exercises results in a significant increase of pelvic floor muscle strength and reduction of SUI symptoms, regardless of the used exercise program, PNF spiral dynamic technique or Kegel exercise program.
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Kim, Tae-Hoon. „Effects of masticatory exercise on cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults“. Technology and Health Care 29 (25.03.2021): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/thc-218013.
Annotation:
BACKGROUND: Mastication improves cognitive function by activating cerebral cortical activity, and it is important to demonstrate the cognitive effects of masticatory training using a variety of different interventions. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of masticatory exercise on cognitive function in healthy older adults living in the community. METHODS: For six weeks, twelve participants performed a masticatory exercise using a NOSICK exerciser device, and thirteen subjects performed daily life without masticatory exercises. Trail Making Test, Digit Span Test, and Stroop test were used to measure the cognitive function. RESULTS: The participants in the experimental group showed significant improvements in TMT-A/B (p= 0.001 and 0.004), DST-forward (p= 0.001), and ST-word (p= 0.001). The effect sizes after the intervention were calculated as (1.2 and 0.8) for TMT-A/B, (0.8 and 0.2) for Digit Span Test forward/backward, and (0.6 and 0.2) for Stroop test color/word. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that the masticatory exercises improve cognitive function in healthy older adults. Therefore, masticatory exercises can be used as a therapeutic exercise during cognitive rehabilitation.
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LIN, LINDA L., und SANDY S. HSIEH. „EFFECTS OF STRENGTH AND ENDURANCE EXERCISE ON CALCIUM-REGULATING HORMONES BETWEEN DIFFERENT LEVELS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY“. Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 05, Nr. 02 (Juni 2005): 267–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519405001461.
Annotation:
Physical activity has shown to maintain bone mineral density (BMD) through the effects of mechanical loading on bone metabolism. However, the effects of exercise on the calcium-regulating hormones and other metabolic variables are not known. PURPOSE: To compare the effects of strength and endurance exercise on blood pH, total serum calcium, ionized calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin (CT) between males with different levels of physical activities. METHODS: The experimental group consisted of 9 physically active males (runners) and the control group consisted of 10 males who had not exercised regularly for the past year. Subjects were asked to perform both strength (eccentric action) and endurance exercises (VO2 peak). The blood pH, total serum calcium, ionized calcium, PTH and CT were measured before and after exercise. A two-way ANCOVA was used for data analysis. RESULTS: (1) When the control group did anaerobic exercise, the free ionized calcium increased significantly (p < 0.05). (2) Mode and intensity of physical activity have no significant effects on the body's calcium regulating hormones. (3) The level of physical activity plays a major role in increasing bone density. High levels of physical activities plus strength exercises can have an additive effect on bone density. CONCLUSION: Regular high intensity exercise will help increase bone density. Strength exercises can maintain bone density not only through mechanical loading, but also through blood pH and biochemical changes in free ionized calcium, which can positively affect bone density.
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Sallam, Nada, Majid Khazaei und Ismail Laher. „Effect of Moderate-Intensity Exercise on Plasma C-Reactive Protein and Aortic Endothelial Function in Type 2 Diabetic Mice“. Mediators of Inflammation 2010 (2010): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/149678.
Annotation:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of moderate-intensity exercise on plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) as markers of low-grade inflammation and endothelial function in diabetic (db/db) mice. Control and db/db mice were divided into sedentary and exercised groups. Aortic endothelial function was evaluated after two- and six-week exercises using a wire myograph. Plasma CRP levels were measured at baseline, and after two and six weeks of exercise. Baseline plasma CRP levels were significantly higher in db/db mice compared to control (P<.05). After two weeks of exercise, aortic endothelial function was significantly improved without affecting body weight or plasma CRP levels. Six weeks of exercise not only improved endothelial function, but also significantly reduced body weight and plasma CRP levels in db/db mice. Thus short-term exercise has beneficial effect on endothelial function without reducing low-grade inflammation while more prolonged exercise periods are required to reduce inflammatory markers.
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Cahya, Wahyuni Dwi, Arisandy Achmad, Sulfandi Sulfandi, Kasim Nurhas Jaiddin und Fanny Metungku. „Studi Komparatif Efektivitas Mckenzie Exercises dan William Flexion Exercises pada Myogenic Low Back Pain“. Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan 5, Nr. 6 (31.12.2023): 1017–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.25026/jsk.v5i6.2216.
Annotation:
McKenzie and William Flexion exercises are physiotherapeutic interventions for LBPM (Low Back Myogenic Pain) to reduce pain and improve functional activity. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of the McKenzie Exercise and the William Flexion Exercises in the case of LBPM. The total sample in this study was 15 samples in group I (McKenzie Exercise) and 15 in group II (William Flexion Exercise). The measurements are VAS (Visual Analog Scale) and ODI (Oswestry Disability Index). The test results of the Mann-Whitney hypothesis on weeks 1, 2, and week three obtained p > 0,05, meaning there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of McKenzie Exercise and William Flexion Exercises against LBPM pain. While measurements of functional activity at weeks 1, 2, and week three obtained p < 0,02, which means there is a meaningful difference with the interpretation that McKenzie Exercise is more effective than William Flexion Exercises on the improvement of LBPM functional activity, The study concluded that there was no meaningful difference between the effectiveness of McKenzie Exercises and William Flexion Exercises in reducing LBPM pain. However, McKenzie's exercises are more effective than William's Flexion Exercises in improving LBPM functional activity. Keywords: LBP Myogenic, Mckenzie Exercise, William Flexion Exercise, VAS, ODI Abstrak McKenzie Exercise dan William Flexion Exercise merupakan intervensi fisioterapi pada kasus LBPM (Low Back Pain Myogenic) untuk menurunkan nyeri dan meningkatkan aktivitas fungsional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan efektivitas antara McKenzie Exercise dan William Flexion Exercise pada kasus LBPM. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 15 sampel pada kelompok I (McKenzie Exercise) dan 15 sampel pada kelompok II (William Flexion Exercise). Alat ukur penelitian adalah VAS (Visual Analog Scale) dan ODI (Oswestry Disability Index). Hasil uji hipotesis Mann Whitney pada pengukuran minggu 1, minggu 2, dan minggu 3 didapatkan nilai p>0,05 yang berarti tidak ada perbedaan bermakna antara efektivitas McKenzie Exercise dan William Flexion Exercise terhadap nyeri LBPM. Sedangkan pengukuran aktivitas fungsional pada minggu 1, minggu dan minggu 3 didapatkan nilai p<0,02 yang berarti terdapat perbedaan bermakna dengan interpretasi Mckenzie Exercise lebih efektif dibandingkan William Flexion Exercise terhadap peningkatan aktivitas fungsional LBPM. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah tidak ada perbedaan bermakna antara efektivitas McKenzie Exercise dan William Flexion Exercise terhadap penurunan nyeri LBPM. Namun McKenzie Exercise lebih efektif dibandingkan William Flexion Exercise terhadap peningkatan aktivitas fungsional LBPM. Kata Kunci: LBP Myogenic, Mckenzie Exercise, William Flexion Exercise, VAS, ODI
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Sitompul, Anita, Kammer Tuahman Sipayung und Jubil Sihite. „The Analysis of Reading Exercise in English Textbook Entitled Pathway to English for The SENIOR High School Grade X“. Jurnal Suluh Pendidikan 7, Nr. 1 (20.09.2019): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.36655/jsp.v7i1.111.
Annotation:
This study is aimed to analyze the types of Reading Exercises on the English textbook used by the first year students of SMA SWASTA METHODIST 7 Medan. The objective of the study is to find out the types of reading exercises on English textbook used by the first year students of SMA SWASTA METHODIST 7 Medan. The design of the study is descriptive qualitative research. The qualitative data were obtained by the steps that mentioned in the procedure of the research, i.e. reading, identification, classification and simplification. The researcher analyzed the exercise in three steps,identifying the topic, clutser the topic, draw explanation. The object of the study is the reading exercises created by Th. M. Sudarwati and Eudia Grace entitled by Pathway To English and published by Erlangga, 2017. The data was collected only by taking documentary analysis. It means that the writer document reading exercises on students� English textbook and analyzed its types of reading exercises. The final result of this study shows that are five types of reading exercises on the English textbook they are Types of reading exercise are Matching Test, True/ False Reading Test, Multiple Choice item test, Completion item tests, and Long and Short answer questions. The result of reading exercise analysis shows that there are controlled exercise and guided exercise. In controlled exercises the researcher didn�t find exercise in Pathway to English textbook. And in guided exercises there are find in multiple choice in vocabulary 2 exercise. Matching cued word matching 3 exercise, matching picture cued sentence 1 exercise, vocabulary matching 5 exercise, matching selected response fill in vocabulary 7 exercise. True or false 3 exercise, completion item in the following of text 1 exercise, completion are in the text itself 9 exercise. In short answer question 6 exercise, long answer question 8 exercise. But, the researcher didn�t find exercise in multiple choice contextualized vocabulary / grammar and multiple choice vocabulary / grammar.
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Leonard, Joseph J., und Melissia G. Roberson. „Adding Realism to Tabletop Exercises“. International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1999, Nr. 1 (01.03.1999): 555–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1999-1-555.
Annotation:
ABSTRACT Tabletop exercises are among the most widely conducted exercises. Unfortunately, it is very difficult to introduce realism into these kinds of exercises. Some attempts have been made to enhance these exercises with overhead displays or computer imagery. Overhead displays still document the incident in only two dimensions, while computer imagery can be quite costly. A cost-effective alternative may be the three-dimensional tabletop exercise. With a 3-D tabletop exercise, many of the benefits of a full-scale deployment exercise are gained, while minimizing costs to almost the same level as the old-fashioned tabletop exercise. Response managers can still test their plans or refine their operations, while at the same time deploying resources and personnel during a simulated incident. Even cost accounting and maintenance problems can be easily inserted into the exercise, enabling personnel from the Logistics and Finance/Administration Sections to be active participants. The scale that is chosen is entirely up to the organization wishing to be exercised, but HO scale (approximately 1/72 scale) seems to work the best because of the availability of response resources that can be found in most toy or hobby stores. Resources, such as skimmers, vacuum trucks, boats, and personnel can be easily modeled with minimal cost, enabling exercise personnel to direct and employ the very same resources they would use in an actual response operation. In addition, this type of exercise can prove very valuable prior to executing a full-scale drill, as many of the drill problems—especially logistical issues—can be resolved before resources are actually deployed to a field environment. Response managers will become more familiar with their resources, thus making them more effective in an actual response operation and lowering overall costs for the responsible party. This type of drill prepared response managers and supervisors of the M/V Stolt Spirit fire, the M/V Katania fire and hazardous materials response, and the 1998 World Energy Conference to better plan and employ resources during these lengthy operations.
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Cashman, Dennis, Jackie Stephens und LT Thomas Boyles. „Designing, Executing, and Evaluating a U.S. Government-Led National Preparedness for Response Exercise Program (PREP) Drill“. International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2003, Nr. 1 (01.04.2003): 597–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2003-1-597.
Annotation:
ABSTRACT Planning, designing, and executing an area exercise in accordance with the National Preparedness for Response Exercise Program (PREP) Guidelines is an extensive time and resource undertaking. Since it's inception in 1991, the National Strike Force Coordination Center (NSFCC) has designed, updated and tested a successful exercise development process. This overview of the process outlines requirements necessary to manage a coordinated exercise development, execution, and follow up lessons learned. The process follows a 24-week cycle depending upon the needs of the organizations being exercised. The NSFCC must adhere to and follow the planning cycle because: at least three other government-led exercises are undergoing development at any given time; adequate time is needed for the Joint Design Team to plan effectively and provide the required data to the NSFCC; members of the Area Committee need time to accomplish their own exercise preparation processes; and time is needed to produce the exercise manuals and arrange logistics for personnel and equipment. The cycle is broken into six phases: the Initial Contact Phase, Coordination & Initial Production Phase, Interim Production Phase, Final Production Phase, Exercise Execution Phase, and Report Development Phase (Figure 1).
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Mackenzie, Colin, John Donohue, Philip Wasylina, Woodrow Cullum, Peter Hu und David M. Lam. „How Will Military/Civilian Coordination Work for Reception of Mass Casualties from Overseas?“ Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 24, Nr. 5 (Oktober 2009): 380–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00007184.
Annotation:
AbstractIntroduction:In Maryland, there have been no military/civilian training exercises of the Medical Mutual Aid Agreement for >20 years. The aims of this paper are to describe the National Disaster Medical System (NDMS), to coordinate military and civilian medical mutual aid in response to arrival of overseas mass casualties, and to evaluate the mass-casualty reception and bed “urge” capacity of Maryland NDMS Hospitals.Methods:Three tabletop exercises and a functional exercise were performed using a simulated, overseas, military mass-casualty event. The first tabletop exercise was with military and civilian NMDS partners.The second tested the revised NDMS activation plan. The third exercised the Authorities of State Emergency Medical System and Walter Reed Army Medical Center Directors of Emergency Medicine over Maryland NDMS hospitals, and their Medical Mutual Aid Agreement.The functional exercise used Homeland Security Exercise Evaluation Program tools to evaluate reception, triage, staging, and transportation of 160 notional patients (including 20 live, moulaged “patients”) and one canine.Results:The first tabletop exercise identified deficiencies in operational protocols for military/civilian mass-casualty reception, triage, treatment, and problems with sharing a Unified Command. The second found improvements in the revised NDMS activation plan.The third informed expectations for NDMS hospitals. In the functional exercise, all notional patients were received, triaged, dispatched, and accounted in military and five civilian hospitals within two hours. The canine revealed deficiencies in companion/military animal reception, holding, treatment, and evacuation. Three working groups were suggested: (1) to ensure 100% compliance with triage tags, patient accountability, and return of equipment used in mass casualty events and exercises; (2) to investigate making information tech-nology and imaging networks available for Emergency Operation Centers and Incident Command; and (3) to establish NDMS training, education, and evaluation to further integrate and support civil-military operations.Conclusions:The exercises facilitated military/state inter-agency coopera-tion, resulting in revisions to the Maryland Emergency Operations Plan across all key state emergency response agencies. The recommendations from these exercises likely apply to the vast majority of NDMS activities in the US.
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Mahmudi, Seyed Ali Akbar, Hatef Ghasemi Hamidabadi, Ardeshir Moayeri, Maryam Nazm Bojnordi, Maria Zahiri, Zahra Madani und Mina Vardiani. „Melatonin ameliorates testes against forced treadmill exercise training on spermatogenesis in rats“. Folia Medica 64, Nr. 1 (28.02.2022): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/folmed.64.e57544.
Annotation:
Introduction: It is well documented that some forced exercises can have bad effects on the genital system. Melatonin is a potent antioxidant that is effective in reducing the physical stress. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the supportive effect of melatonin on the quality of spermatogenesis, including count, motility, morphology, viability, and apoptosis of sperm following a forced treadmill exercise. Materials and methods: A total of 40 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this experimental study. All rats were divided into five groups: control group, sham M group, melatonin (M) group, forced treadmill exercise group (Ft), and melatonin with forced treadmill exercise (MFt) group. The experimental group was trained to force treadmill stress for one hour of forced treadmill exercise daily, five days weekly for eight weeks. Then the sperm quality parameters were measured after dissection and removal of epididymis. Spermatogenesis and germ cell apoptosis were evaluated using Miller and Johnsen’s score and TUNEL staining separately. Results: Results showed the count, motility, morphology, and viability of sperm in forced treadmill-melatonin administrated group, significantly enhanced by melatonin treatment compared to the treadmill exercise group (p≤0.01). Also the number of apoptotic germ cells significantly decreased in treadmill exercised-melatonin administrated group compared to the treadmill exercised group. Conclusions: These results suggest that administration of melatonin can protect the testis against the detrimental effect of forced treadmill exercise in adult male rats.
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Karper, William B. „Effects of Walking on Peak Expiratory Flow Rate in Four Asthmatic Children“. Perceptual and Motor Skills 67, Nr. 3 (Dezember 1988): 847–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1988.67.3.847.
Annotation:
The effect of walking on peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) of four asthmatic children is reported. Subjects 1 and 2 exercised three days per week and Subjects 3 and 4 exercised two days per week during this 9-mo. study. Subjects 1 and 3 exercised for 10 wk., did not exercise for 11 wk., and exercised again for 11 wk. Subjects 2 and 4 did not exercise for 10 wk., exercised for 11 wk., and again did not exercise for 11 wk., Subjects 1, 2, and 4 had a higher mean PEFR during exercise than during no exercise, and Subject 3 had a lower mean PEFR during exercise than during no exercise. These results suggest that walking may positively influence PEFR of selected asthmatic children if factors such as environment, allergies, and medication side-effects can be controlled.
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Mostafa, Abeer F., Shereen M. Samir und R. M. Nagib. „Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid and its role in exhaustive-exercise-induced changes in female rat ovulatory cycle“. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 96, Nr. 4 (April 2018): 395–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjpp-2017-0354.
Annotation:
Exhaustive exercises can cause delayed menarche or menstrual cycle irregularities in females. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) are incorporated into a wide range of benefits in many physiological systems. Our work aimed to assess the role of ω-3 PUFA docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the deleterious effects of exhaustive exercise on the female reproductive system in rats. Virgin female rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (12 rats in each): control group, omega-3 group treated with DHA, exhaustive exercise group, and exhaustive exercised rats treated with DHA. Omega-3 was given orally to the rats once daily for 4 estrous cycles. Exhaustive exercises revealed lower levels in progesterone and gonadotropins together with histopathological decrease in number of growing follicles and corpora lutea. Moreover, the exercised rats showed low levels of ovarian antioxidants with high level of caspase-3 and plasma cortisol level that lead to disruption of hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis. ω-3 PUFA DHA has beneficial effects on the number of newly growing follicles in both sedentary and exercised rats with decreasing the level of caspase-3 and increasing the antioxidant activity in ovaries. Exhaustive exercises can cause ovulatory problems in female rats that can be improved by ω-3 supplementation.
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Koshek, Ahmed Elhamy, Salwa Fadl, Nagy Ahmed Zaki Sabet und Hamed El-Khozamy. „Core stability exercise versus movement control exercise in chronic mechanical low back pain“. Fizjoterapia Polska 22, Nr. 4 (30.09.2022): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.56984/8zg1a6xt7.
Annotation:
Purpose. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of two types of therapeutic exercise: core stability exercises and movement control exercises in pain and function. Methods. Thirty-five patients were diagnosed and referred to physiotherapy as CMLBP, their age ranged from 25–40 years old, patients divided randomly into two groups and assessed for their current level of pain using a visual analog scale (VAS) and for disability using Oswestry disability index (ODI) before and after the study. Both groups received a well-documented fully supervised exercise program as group I movement control exercise, and group II received core stability exercises. Results. Showed significant effect of both exercise approaches on reducing pain level and restoring function. Although the group I exercises showed to be more effective in reducing pain than group II, their difference regarding improving function was non-significant. Conclusion. Conservative forms of treatment (therapeutic exercises) still prove it is a successful, cost-effective treatment of choice in patients with chronic mechanical low back pain. Movement control exercises are superior in reducing pain to core stability exercises.
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Mokrosinska, Dorota. „DEMOCRATIC AUTHORITY AND STATE SECRECY“. Public Affairs Quarterly 33, Nr. 1 (01.01.2019): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/26910007.
Annotation:
Abstract May secret uses of power by democratic states be a legitimate exercise of democratic authority? The concerns about and the conditions of the democratic authority of secret exercises of political power have hitherto been argued to reside in the substantial and procedural side-constraints on the exercise of political authority. This essay approaches the problem of secrecy in democratic governance from a new angle by linking the problem of secret uses of power to the formal features of political authority, namely, its content-independent character. The focus is thus not on how political authority ought to be exercised but, instead, on what political authority exercised by democratic states is. In this context, the essay revisits Dennis Thompson’s seminal defense of secrecy in democratic states.
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Lee, Haneul, und Seon-Heui Lee. „Effectiveness of Multicomponent Home-Based Rehabilitation in Elderly Patients after Hip Fracture Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial“. Journal of Personalized Medicine 12, Nr. 4 (18.04.2022): 649. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12040649.
Annotation:
This randomized controlled study aimed to assess the clinical effectiveness of an 8-week personalized multicomponent home-based rehabilitation (MHR) program by comparing it with a home exercise program after discharge. Forty patients (≥60 years old) who underwent hip surgery were randomly assigned to multicomponent home-based rehabilitation (MHR) and home exercise groups. The MHR program included strength, endurance, balance, and breathing exercises; modifications to the home environment; education on assistive device use; pressure ulcer care; nutrition management; and motivational counseling. The MHR group received 24 visits from rehabilitation staff for 8 weeks (3 times a week), while the home exercise group received home exercises focusing on strengthening described in the leaflet. The rehabilitation staff prescribed the intensity of exercise at the first visit, and the home exercise group exercised without supervision after that for 8 weeks. Both groups received a 10-min phone call once a week for overall counseling to ensure high adherence to home exercises. Among the 40 participants, 29 (72.5%) completed the trial. The primary outcomes were balance and mobility. Balance was assessed using the functional reach test (FRT), and the timed up-and-go test (TUG) was used to assess balance and mobility. Data were analyzed using the intention-to-treat principle. The MHR group showed significant improvement compared to the home exercise group for FRT (mean difference (MD) 4.4 cm; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0 to 7.8) and TUG (MD: −4.2 s; 95% CI −8.0 to −0.3) after 8 weeks of intervention. Subjective pain and physical components of general health-related quality of life also improved significantly in the MHR group. No serious adverse events related to the interventions were observed. The eight-week of MHR program can effectively improve balance and mobility.
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Maddigan, Meaghan E., Kathleen M. Sullivan, Israel Halperin, Fabien A. Basset und David G. Behm. „High tempo music prolongs high intensity exercise“. PeerJ 6 (08.01.2019): e6164. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6164.
Annotation:
Music has been shown to reduce rating of perceived exertion, increase exercise enjoyment and enhance exercise performance, mainly in low-moderate intensity exercises. However, the effects of music are less conclusive with high-intensity activities. The purpose of this with-participant design study was to compare the effects of high tempo music (130 bpm) to a no-music condition during repeated high intensity cycling bouts (80% of peak power output (PPO)) on the following measures: time to exercise end-point, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), heart rate (HR), breathing frequency, ventilatory kinetics and blood lactate (BL). Under the music condition, participants exercised 10.7% longer (p = 0.035; Effect size (ES) = 0.28) (increase of 1 min) and had higher HR (4%; p = 0.043; ES = 0.25), breathing frequency (11.6%; p < 0.001; ES = 0.57), and RER (7% at TTF; p = 0.021; ES = 1.1) during exercise, as measured at the exercise end-point. Trivial differences were observed between conditions in RPE and other ventilatory kinetics during exercise. Interestingly, 5 min post-exercise termination, HR recovery was 13.0% faster following the music condition (p < 0.05) despite that music was not played during this period. These results strengthen the notion that music can alter the association between central motor drive, central cardiovascular command and perceived exertion, and contribute to prolonged exercise durations at higher intensities along with a quicken HR recovery.
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Pastor, Swati, Preeti George und Prachi Sathe. „The Effect of Chair Aerobic Exercises and Core Strengthening Exercises on Pain and Functional Disability in Primary Dysmenorrhoea“. International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research 8, Nr. 2 (27.06.2023): 572–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijshr.20230278.
Annotation:
Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the impact of chair aerobic exercises and core strengthening exercises on primary dysmenorrhea, assessing pain and disability scores using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and Women's Low Back Pain and Disability Index (WaLLID). The effectiveness of these exercise interventions in reducing pain and disability associated with primary dysmenorrhea was examined. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with participants diagnosed with primary dysmenorrhea. Two exercise groups were formed: chair aerobic exercises and core strengthening exercises. Pain and disability scores were measured using NPRS and WaLLID before and after the intervention. The exercises were performed for a specific duration, and the scores were compared within and between the exercise groups. Results: Both chair aerobic exercises and core strengthening exercises significantly decreased pain and disability scores of NPRS and WaLLID. However, no significant difference was observed in the scores between the two exercise groups. These findings indicate that both exercise modalities are effective in reducing pain and disability associated with primary dysmenorrhea. Conclusion: This study concludes that chair aerobic exercises and core strengthening exercises are effective in managing pain and disability in individuals with primary dysmenorrhea. Both exercise interventions offer comparable benefits in terms of pain management and functional improvement. The results support previous research highlighting the positive impact of exercise interventions on menstrual pain management. Chair aerobic exercises provide a suitable option for individuals with limited mobility or a preference for seated exercise, while core strengthening exercises focus on enhancing core strength and stability. Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects, optimal exercise protocols, and potential combinations with other treatment modalities for primary dysmenorrhea management. Understanding the underlying physiological mechanisms of these exercise interventions would provide valuable insights for improving dysmenorrhea management. Keywords: Primary dysmenorrhea, Chair aerobic exercises, Core strengthening exercises, pain, disability, Numeric Pain Rating Scale, Women's Low Back Pain and Disability Index.
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Safarinejad, Mohammad Reza, Kamran Azma und Ali Asgar Kolahi. „The effects of intensive, long-term treadmill running on reproductive hormones, hypothalamus–pituitary–testis axis, and semen quality: a randomized controlled study“. Journal of Endocrinology 200, Nr. 3 (03.12.2008): 259–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe-08-0477.
Annotation:
Effects of intensive exercise on hypothalamus–pituitary–testis (HPT) axis remain controversial. Our aim was to determine the effects of intensive, long-term treadmill running on reproductive hormones, HPT axis, and semen quality. A total of 286 subjects were randomly assigned to moderate-intensity exercise (∼60% maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max); group 1, n=143) and high-intensity exercise (∼80% VO2max; group 2, n=143) groups. The two groups exercised for 60 weeks in five sessions per week, each session lasting 120 min. This was followed by a 36-week low-intensity exercise recovery period. All subjects underwent routine semen analysis. Blood samples were drawn for the determination of the levels of the following hormones: LH, FSH, prolactin, testosterone (T), free testosterone (fT), inhibin B, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). The HPT axis was assessed using GnRH and human chorionic gonadotropin tests. After 24 weeks of exercise, the subjects exercising with high intensity demonstrated significantly declined semen parameters compared with those exercising with moderate intensity (P=0.03). Serum T and fT began to decrease, and serum SHBG began to increase at the end of 12 weeks with both moderate- and high-intensity exercises. The serum LH and FSH concentrations decreased below the baseline level at 12 weeks in both groups (P=0.07 in group 1 and 0.03 in group 2). Both groups had blunted LH and FSH responses to GnRH. These parameters improved to their pre-exercise level during the recovery period. Long-term strenuous treadmill exercises (overtraining syndrome) have a deleterious effect on reproduction.
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Bojanic, Vlatka, Vesna Ljubojevic, Tatjana Nozica-Radulovic und Milica Lazovic. „Research on the influence of prenatal exercises on anthropometric and vascular parameters in pregnant women“. Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo, Nr. 00 (2022): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh211030043b.
Annotation:
Introduction/Objective. The frequency of a sedentary lifestyle during pregnancy increases. This contributes to gestational weight gain and has a negative impact on health. This study researched the impact of prenatal exercise on gestational weight gain, blood pressure, and microcirculation in pregnant women who exercised and those who did not exercise. Methods. The study included seventy pregnant women with a normal pregnancy, who attended a psychophysical preparation program for childbirth for eight weeks. The control group (n=35) attended theoretical classes on childbirth, and the experimental group (n=35) attended prenatal exercises as well. Gestational weight gain, blood pressure, and nailfold capillary density were determined and compared between the two groups. Results. Gestational weight gain of 19.94 kg in non-exercising pregnant women was significantly greater than the gestational weight gain of 11.65 kg in pregnant women who exercised. Pregnant women who did not exercise had an increase in systolic (by 15.56 mmHg) and diastolic pressure (by 16.08 mmHg), which is significantly higher compared to pregnant women who exercised. In this group, systolic pressure increased by 2.5 mmHg, while diastolic did not change. A significant difference in the nailfold capillary density at the end of the prenatal program has not been determined. Conclusion. Prenatal exercise of moderate-intensity has a positive effect on gestational weight gain and the level of blood pressure in pregnant women. The nailfold capillary density has not differed significantly after the prenatal program in pregnant women who have exercised and in those who have not.
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Huston, G. Ryan, und Thomas J. Smith. „The Impact of Tax Incentives on the Choice to Hold Shares Acquired from Employee Stock Option Exercises“. Journal of the American Taxation Association 34, Nr. 2 (01.03.2012): 67–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/atax-50173.
Annotation:
ABSTRACT This paper extends prior stock option literature by examining the impact of individual and corporate tax incentives on the decision to hold or sell shares acquired through the exercises of incentive stock options (ISOs) and non-qualified stock options (NQSOs). We focus on factors found in prior literature to be associated with the choice to hold or sell in the context of the type of stock option exercised. Specifically, we find that the positive (negative) relation found in prior literature between the decision to hold shares following exercise and future returns (depth) is associated more with NQSOs than ISOs, consistent with individual tax incentives. Examining corporate tax incentives, we find that corporate tax benefits mitigate insiders' likelihood to hold shares obtained from ISO exercise. Furthermore, we find evidence that firms compensate employees to forgo individual tax benefits associated with holding shares from ISO exercise, and as this compensation increases, insiders are more likely to sell following exercise. JEL Classifications: H24; H25; J33.
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Quiles, Huertas, Mañas, Ochoa, Battino und Mataix. „Oxidative Stress Induced by Exercise and Dietary Fat Modulates the Coenzyme Q and Vitamin A Balance Between Plasma and Mitochondria“. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 69, Nr. 4 (01.07.1999): 243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831.69.4.243.
Annotation:
Physical exercise induces oxidative stress. Dietary fat modulates lipid composition of plasma and fatty acid profile of mitochondrial membranes. Over 8 wk, two groups of rats were fed virgin olive oil or sunflower oil as the only fat sources. Both groups were divided into 4 subgroups according to exercise: one of sedentary rats and the other three of rats subjected to different exercises on a treadmill. There was a lower concentration of vitamin A and coenzyme Q in the plasma of animals subjected to exercise compared to the sedentary animals. The concentrations of these molecules in liver and skeletal muscle mitochondria of animals exercised until exhaustion were higher than in sedentary animals. This can suggest the existence of a balance between plasma and mitochondrial membrane for these antioxidants as a response to an oxidative attack.
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Joshi, Naina, und Amandeep Singh. „Comparative Study of Effect of Segmental Breathing Exercise and Deep Breathing Exercise in CABG Patients“. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 13, Nr. 7 (15.07.2023): 253–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20230737.
Annotation:
The study was experimental which was comparative in nature. The current study aims to evaluate the comparison of effect of segmental breathing exercise and deep breathing exercise in CABG patients. On the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria 30 subjects were taken. Before initiating the study a consent was taken from the patient which include the aim and objectives of the study. Subjects were divided into 2 groups. Each group contain 15 subjects. Subjects were divided randomly into each group. Pre-operative segmental breathing exercise were taught by therapist to group A along with conventional exercises and deep breathing exercise were taught by therapist to group B along with conventional exercises and then pre operative readings were taken. Conventional exercises include upper limb range of motion exercises, lower limb range of motion exercises and ambulation if necessary. Post operatively patients were asked to perform the exercises under observation by the therapist. Now, post operative readings for both the groups were taken 30 days of time period. Data was meaningfully assorted through calculation of Mean and Standard Deviation. Thereafter Unpaired ‘t’ test was applied for comparison of results of Incentive Spirometer and PEFR performed on group A and group B. The level of significance (P value) for Incentive Spirometer is 0.5434 and 0.6436. The level of significance (P value) for PEFR is 0.7187 and 0.7356. There was no significant difference in comparison of effect of segmental breathing exercise and deep breathing exercise in CABG patients. The study concludes that there is no significant difference in Comparison of Effect of Segmental Breathing Exercise and Deep Breathing Exercise in CABG Patients. Key words: Segmental Breathing Exercise; Deep Breathing Exercise; Incentive Spirometer; PEFR; CABG.
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Ng, Johan Y. Y., Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani und Nikos Ntoumanis. „Motivation Contagion When Instructing Obese Individuals: A Test in Exercise Settings“. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 34, Nr. 4 (August 2012): 525–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.34.4.525.
Annotation:
We examined motivation contagion in a hypothetical exercise setting. Exercise science students (n = 164) were provided with quotes of hypothetical male and female obese exercisers displaying different quality of motivation to start an exercise program. We used a 3 (exerciser motivation) × 2 (exerciser gender) × 2 (student gender) between-subjects experimental design to examine students’ (a) motivation to instruct, (b) interpersonal style, (c) perception of barrier efficacy of the exerciser, and (d) effort to identify factors that could maximize the effectiveness of an exercise program for the exerciser. Results showed that students displayed less controlled motivation and rated the exerciser as more capable of overcoming barriers to exercise when they perceived the exerciser to be autonomously motivated. However, students, particularly females, reported more autonomy support and invested more effort toward female exercisers with controlled motivation. Our findings indicate that motivation contagion effects are plausible in exercise settings and may affect interactions between fitness instructors and obese clients.
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Andri, Juli, Agung Waluyo, Wati Jumaiyah und Dhea Nastashia. „Efektivitas Isometric Handgrip Exercise dan Slow Deep Breathing Exercise terhadap Perubahan Tekanan Darah pada Penderita Hipertensi“. Jurnal Keperawatan Silampari 2, Nr. 1 (23.11.2018): 371–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/jks.v2i1.382.
Annotation:
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Isometric Handgrip Exercise and Slow Respiratory Respiratory Exercise. Quasi Experimental Research design with research design Two Group Pretest Postest Design on 32 respondents. The results showed that there was systolic and diastolic after Handgrip Isometric Exercise intervention (t = 8,279, p = 0,000), (t = 6,154, p = 0,000), and the importance was done after Slow Deep Slow Deep Respiratory Exercise (t = 3,632 , p = 0.002), (t = 4.226, p = 0.001). Thus, it can be concluded that good or slow isometric exercise exercises in breathing exercises can reduce blood pressure. The results of the study were handgrip isometric training and slow slow breathing exercises as nursing interventions that can be carried out independently in providing nursing care for patients with hypertension.
Keywords: Hypertension, Isometric Handgrip Exercise, Slow Deep Breathing Exercise, Blood Pressure.
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Silva-Filho, Antonio, Luana Azoubel, Rodrigo Barroso, Erika Carneiro, Carlos Dias-Filho, Rachel Ribeiro, Alessandra Garcia, Carlos Dias, Bruno Rodrigues und Cristiano Mostarda. „A Case-control Study of Exercise and Kidney Disease: Hemodialysis and Transplantation“. International Journal of Sports Medicine 40, Nr. 03 (31.01.2019): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0810-8583.
Annotation:
AbstractWe aimed to analyze the effect of an exercise training program in autonomic modulation, and exercise tolerance of hemodialysis and kidney-transplanted patients. 4 groups of exercised and non-exercised patients undergoing hemodialysis and kidney-transplanted subjects had their biochemical tests, and heart rate variability evaluations analyzed. Also, sleep quality, anxiety and depression questionnaires were evaluated. Both exercised groups showed improvements in cardiovascular autonomic modulation, biochemical markers, and exercise tolerance after the exercise training program. The exercised kidney-transplanted patients group showed better improvements in cardiovascular autonomic modulation, biochemical markers, and exercise tolerance when compared to the exercised hemodialysis patients group. Both groups showed improvements in sleep quality, anxiety, and depression. The group of kidney-transplanted patients show better results in the cardiovascular autonomic modulation than subjects undergoing hemodialysis. However, the patients undergoing hemodialysis showed improvements in blood pressure, HDL, hemoglobin and phosphorus, changes not observed in the kidney-transplanted group. Exercise is beneficial for both hemodialysis and kidney-transplanted patients groups. However, exercise programs should be focused mainly in improving cardiovascular risk factors in the HD patients.
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Sari, Awinda, Anwar Wardy W und Yani Sofiani. „Efektifitas Perbandingan Buerger Allen Exercise dan Senam Kaki terhadap Nilai ABI pada Penderita DM Tipe II“. Journal of Telenursing (JOTING) 1, Nr. 1 (17.04.2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/joting.v1i1.492.
Annotation:
The purpose of this study was obtained by comparing the effectiveness of Buerger Allen Exercise and foot exercises to the value of Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) in patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus. This research method is a quantitative method with Quasi Experiment research design pre and post test two groups with 15 respondents in the intervention group (group A) given Buerger Allen Exercise intervention and 15 respondents in the intervention group (group B) given foot exercise intervention. The results showed that there were significant differences in the value of Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) before and after being given Buerger Allen Exercise and foot exercises with p <0.05 with the difference in the average increase in ABI value Buerger Allen Exercise group of 0.0820 while in the group foot exercises the difference in the average increase in ABI value by 0.0726. The conclusion of this study is that Buerger Allen Exercise is more effective than foot exercises in increasing the value of Ankle Brachial Index (ABI).
Keywords : Ankle Brachial Index, Buerger Allen Exercise, Foot Exercise, Type II Diabetes Mellitus.
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Wang, Yinghao, Mengsi Zhang, Jianfeng Wu, Haonan Zhang, Hongchun Yang, Songyang Guo, Zishuo Lin und Chunfu Lu. „Effects of the Interactive Features of Virtual Partner on Individual Exercise Level and Exercise Perception“. Behavioral Sciences 13, Nr. 5 (21.05.2023): 434. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs13050434.
Annotation:
Background: We designed an exercise system in which the user is accompanied by a virtual partner (VP) and tested bodyweight squat performance with different interactive VP features to explore the comprehensive impact of these VP features on the individual’s exercise level (EL) and exercise perception. Methods: This experiment used three interactive features of VP, including body movement (BM), eye gaze (EG), and sports performance (SP), as independent variables, and the exercise level (EL), subjective exercise enjoyment, attitude toward the team formed with the VP, and local muscle fatigue degree of the exerciser as observational indicators. We designed a 2 (with or without VP’s BM) × 2 (with or without VP’s EG) × 2 (with or without VP’s SP) within-participants factorial experiment. A total of 40 college students were invited to complete 320 groups of experiments. Results: (1) Regarding EL, the main effects of BM and SP were significant (p < 0.001). The pairwise interaction effects of the three independent variables on EL were all significant (p < 0.05). (2) Regarding exercise perception, the main effects of BM (p < 0.001) and EG (p < 0.001) on subjective exercise enjoyment were significant. The main effect of BM on the attitude toward the sports team formed with the VP was significant (p < 0.001). The interaction effect of BM and SP on the attitude toward the sports team formed with the VP was significant (p < 0.001). (3) Regarding the degree of local muscle fatigue, the main effects of BM, EG, and SP and their interaction effects were not significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: BM and EG from the VP elevate EL and exercise perception during squat exercises, while the VP with SP inhibited the EL and harmed exercise perception. The conclusions of this study can provide references to guide the interactive design of VP-accompanied exercise systems.
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Parrott, Les. „Earliest Recollections and Birth Order: Two Adlerian Exercises“. Teaching of Psychology 19, Nr. 1 (Februar 1992): 40–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15328023top1901_9.
Annotation:
Two exercises demonstrate the potential influence of two Adlerian principles—earliest recollections and birth order—on personality. In one exercise, students record and study their earliest recollection. In another exercise, students discuss their position in their family constellation. Students rated both exercises highly; undergraduates valued the birth order exercise more, but graduate students valued the earliest recollections exercise more.
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Rullman, Eric, Jessica Norrbom, Anna Strömberg, Dick Wågsäter, Helene Rundqvist, Tara Haas und Thomas Gustafsson. „Endurance exercise activates matrix metalloproteinases in human skeletal muscle“. Journal of Applied Physiology 106, Nr. 3 (März 2009): 804–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.90872.2008.
Annotation:
In the present study, the effect of exercise training on the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in the human skeletal muscle was investigated. Ten subjects exercised one leg for 45 min with restricted blood flow and then exercised the other leg at the same absolute workload with unrestricted blood flow. The exercises were conducted four times per week for 5 wk. Biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis muscles of both legs at rest before the training period, after 10 days and 5 wk of training, and 2 h after the first exercise bout for analysis of MMP and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) mRNA, enzyme activity, and protein expression. Levels of MMP-2, MMP-14, and TIMP-1 mRNA in muscle tissue increased after 10 days of training regardless of blood flow condition. MMP-2 mRNA level in laser-dissected myofibers and MMP-2 activity in whole muscle increased with training. The level of MMP-9 mRNA and activity increased after the first bout of exercise. Although MMP-9 mRNA levels appeared to be very low, the activity of MMP-9 after a single bout of exercise was similar to that of MMP-2 after 10 days of exercise. MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein was both present throughout the extracellular matrix of the muscle, both around fibers and capillaries, but MMP-2 was also present within the skeletal muscle fibers. These results show that MMPs are activated in skeletal muscle in nonpathological conditions such as voluntary exercise. The expression and time pattern indicate differences between the MMPs in regards of production sites as well as in the regulating mechanism.
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Coskun Benlidayi, Ilke. „THE EFFECTS OF EXERCISING ON PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING IN OLDER ADULTS“. Anti-Aging Eastern Europe 2, Nr. 1 (19.04.2023): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.56543/aaeeu.2023.2.1.06.
Annotation:
Exercising is an essential component of healthy aging. The benefits of exercise are numerous. There are certain benefits on physical performance. Exercise in older adults can increase endurance, improve balance and quality of life. The benefits of exercise are not limited to physical health. Psychological variables such as depressive mood and anxiety can also be modified by regular exercise. There are several types of exercise regimens. The most common exercise types tailored to older adults include aerobic training, strengthening, flexibility exercises and balance exercises. Specific exercises can be directed to individuals with certain health disorders. Exercising may mediate psychological health through the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. Improved sleep via exercise can further lead to an improvement in mood and cognition. The current article reviewed the recent literature regarding the effects of exercising on psychological well-being in older adults.