Dissertationen: „Evaluation of innovations“

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Bylander, Peder, and Didrik von Essen. "Preparation for Commercialisation of Industrial Innovations : An integrated technological and commercial evaluation of a water purification innovation in Singapore." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1811.

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The intention with this thesis is to examine the preparation for commercialisation of industrial innovations. Both in the industry and in the academic perspective there is a common need for support of the commercialisation process of innovations, especially concerning the preparation phase. A preparation model for commercialisation has consequently been designed. The propeller of commercialisation incorporates a perspective of parallel preparation concerning the three critical aspects technology characteristics, environment scanning and preparation of the venture. Generally the model can thus contribute with a structured way of evaluation and preparation and reduce the risks by limiting the budget needed in the early phase of commercialisation through the use of subsequent steps incorporating all three critical perspectives. To demonstrate the model and to provide a basis for evaluation, the Propeller of Commercialisation was applied on the specific commercialisation preparation of the SMB technology at Johnson Pacific Pte Ltd in Singapore.

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Prime, Matthew Stewart. "Frugal innovation for healthcare : strategies and tools for the identification and evaluation of frugal and reverse innovations in healthcare." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/60586.

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Global healthcare systems are united by their desire to widen patient access to safe and effective clinical services in the face of increasing demand and financial constraints. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), a variety of ingenious product and process solutions, termed frugal innovations, have been able to deliver services at a fraction of the cost. It is the broad proposition of this work that such ideas could be applicable to high-income countries (HICs), a concept labeled reverse innovation. Using a conceptual model of innovation scouting derived from the causal mechanism of critical realism, this work examined the development and testing of a tool to deductively identify frugal innovations in healthcare (FIH-ID tool) and then evaluated methodology to assess the reversibility of potential of frugal innovations. The FIH-ID tool demonstrated consistently acceptable inter-rater reliability scores using different methods of application and different raters, moreover, construct validity was shown by its ability to identify well-known frugal innovations. With respect to the assessment of the reversibility potential, the results of the present study highlighted the challenges of undertaking such a complex evaluation process using a simple scoring system. Raters achieved poor levels of inter-rater reliability and only 2 innovations were thought likely to reverse to a HIC. This study presents the first application of a critical realist approach to innovation scouting. It has identified a cohort of 76 potential frugal innovations in healthcare suggesting that the FIH-ID tool is likely to be a valuable asset for similar studies in the future. It has highlighted the challenges of assessing the reversibility potential of innovations from LMICs. It has documented the emergence of the global innovation curator, entities that seek to identify, curate and promote innovations from LMICs, and it proposes a conceptual model for the role of global innovation curators in the diffusion of innovation.

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McAfee, Wade J. "Education reforms and innovations to improve student assessment performance." Thesis, University of Phoenix, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3583293.

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International assessments such as the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) and Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) have exhibited United States students specifically in the fourth and eighth grades, are not performing well when compared to their international peers. Educational stakeholders including parents, teachers, politicians, and the business community are putting more pressure on schools to improve their student’s academic performance. The stakeholders want improved performance on not only American assessments but also on international tests. The purpose of the current qualitative phenomenological study was to explore the perceptions of educators in the United States to investigate the possible use of alternative educational innovations as a means for bridging the achievement gap between learners. The qualitative research study involved investigating the perceptions of 52 educational professionals through an online web-based survey and analyzing the data using the three steps outlined by Merriam. Two themes emerged from the data and two subthemes were revealed. The themes were finances and training and professional development. The subthemes were funding allocation and teacher compensation.

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Demoré, Béatrice. "Evaluation et régulation de la diffusion des innovations pharmocothérapeutiques en milieu hospitalier." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA077152.

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Niken, Prilandita. "Evaluation Framework for Autonomous Decision-Making Performance in Energy and Environmental Innovations." Kyoto University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/218022.

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Kyoto University (京都大学) 0048 新制・課程博士 博士(エネルギー科学) 甲第20096号 エネ博第343号 新制||エネ||69(附属図書館) 33212 京都大学大学院エネルギー科学研究科エネルギー社会・環境科学専攻 (主査)教授手塚哲央, 教授下田宏, 准教授 MCLELLAN Benjamin 学位規則第4条第1項該当

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Popovič, Peter. "Vliv inovačních aktivit na zahraniční obchod podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443111.

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The diploma thesis deals with the impact of innovative assets on the foreign trade of a selected food business. On the basis of theoretical part, an analysis is made of the selected company, which consists of a financial analysis, PESTE analysis, Porter's analysis, competition analyses and analyses of specific innovations. At the end of a thesis, the results achieved are evaluated. At the same time, solutions are proposed to improve the current state of innovation in the company under observation.

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Askins, Stephen Alexander. "Modeling of digital clay for evaluation of coordinated control." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19541.

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Feeney, David R. "Rates of adoption in a university course management system." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2252.

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Thesis (Ed. D.)--West Virginia University, 2001. Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 132 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 117-130).

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Awuni, Roland Chiradam. "Case study for identification and evaluation of construction innovations: the Hotel Georgia project." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/268.

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Architectural, Engineering and Construction (AEC) projects are becoming more complex in terms of client requirements, stakeholder issues, physical, budget and time constraints, and safety and environmental concerns. These constraints have spawned ad-hoc innovations in some AEC projects, without structured frameworks for their assessment, resulting in varying success for these innovations. The primary goal of the thesis is to test an existing framework for evaluating innovative design and construction technologies for high-rise buildings by way of a case-study. The case study is a48-story structure (with an 8-level sub-grade parkade) in a downtown setting with significant constraints and challenges. Unlike most other assessment frameworks which are single-issue based (financial, cost, time or risk), a holistic method that captures a broad range of critical issues at the micro and macro levels is used to screen a number of construction innovations. The process highlights the primary difficulty in balancing stakeholder issues, technical/engineering requirements and project goals in assessing the overall feasibility and net benefits of an innovation. As a useful tool, it facilitates the engineering/technical judgment of proposed innovations and provides evidence of a sufficient trade-off between incremental 'cost and benefits' to justify a detailed evaluation and possible subsequent use of a subset of the innovations that passed successfully through a tiered first stage evaluation process. A secondary objective is to propose appropriate quantitative models for a detailed evaluation of the screened technologies that not only seeks to quantify incremental cost and benefits (e.g. time, increased revenue, etc.) but also assess the level of certainty (in benefits and cost) of innovative construction technologies. An illustrative evaluation provides insights as to the level of modeling and analysis required to evaluate an innovative or novel strategy both at the 'activity/work package' and project levels. The quantum of data required at the pre-construction planning stage coupled with the lack of easy to apply evaluation models probably accounts for the non-prevalence of detailed quantitative evaluation of innovative construction technologies on AEC projects, especially in terms of impact at the project level and the degree of certainty with which net benefits are likely to be achieved.

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Faure, Elsa. "Evaluation des innovations endovasculaires pour le traitement des dissections aortiques de type B." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTT030/document.

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Le traitement endovasculaire est devenu en deux décennies le traitement de première intention pour les DAB aiguës compliquées. Cependant, le traitement endovasculaire des DAB aiguës n’est pas optimal et comporte des limitations, tant au niveau proximal que distal, sources de complications précoces et tardives.Notre travail proposait d’évaluer des techniques endovasculaires novatrices permettant d’optimiser le traitement au niveau de la crosse et en distalité au niveau de l’aorte thoraco-abdominale.Nous avons créé un modèle de dissection de type B sur aorte humaine cadavérique extensif et reproductible, se rapprochant au plus près des conditions cliniques et permettant l’évaluation in vitro des dispositifs prothétiques conçus pour aorte humaine.Nous avons évalué sur ce modèle in vitro de DAB aiguë le stenting nu extensif de l’aorte disséquée qui permettait de réaccoler le flap intimal de dissection de manière expérimentale mais entrainait une sténose dans 54% des cas sur les artères viscérales naissant de l’aorte lorsque celles-ci naissaient du faux chenal. Ces artères pouvaient être cathétérisées à travers les mailles du stent.Nous avons ensuite évalué les résultats cliniques de cette technique, associé à un ballonnement du stent, dans le traitement des DAB aiguës compliquées avec un remodelage complet immédiat de l’aorte thoraco-abdominale stentée, persistant à moyen terme et permettant de limiter l’évolution anévrysmale à moyen terme.Enfin nous avons montré sur modèle in vitro la faisabilité et la précision au largage d’une endoprothèse avec échancrure proximale créée par le chirurgien pour avancer la zone d’ancrage dans la crosse, permettant un traitement endovasculaire exclusif en urgence des DAB aiguë compliquée avec un collet court ou une atteinte de la crosse aortique.Ces résultats offrent des perspectives d’évolutions du traitement des dissections aortique de type B au stade aigu, mais aussi plus largement des perspectives d’évolution pour le traitement des dissections de type A, des dissections chroniques, et plus généralement des pathologies de la crosse Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is considered as the first line therapy for complicated acute type B aortic dissection (cABAD). However, current endovascular treatment has limitation regarding the proximal anchoring when aortic arch is involved and regarding the dissected aorta distally to the stent graft leading to early and late complication.The aim of this work was to assess new endovascular techniques to optimise endovascular treatment of ABAD in the aortic arch and in the thoraco-abdominal aorta.We reported the first model of ABAD in human cadaveric aorta, which was reproducible, extended to the infra-renal aorta and close to clinical pattern, allowing for human aortic devices assessment.We assess on this model extensive bare metal stenting of the dissected aorta, which was effective in true lumen reexpansion but induced a drop in pressure in the visceral arteries in 54% when they were supplied by the false lumen.Then, we assessed the results of this technique, associated with balloon inflation of the bare stent in clinical practice, which allowed an immediate and mid-term persisting complete remodelling of the stented thoraco-abdominal aorta, with a low dissecting aneurysmal evolution at one year of follow-up.Finally we reported a model of physician modified scalloped stent graft on currently available thoracic aortic device to extend the proximal landing zone in the arch while preserving the supra aortic trunks.These finding allow for potential improvement of endovascular treatment of ABAD but also of acute type A dissection, chronic dissection and some other acute aortic arch diseases

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Huot, Laure. "Evaluation clinique des dispositifs médicaux." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00983482.

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Les dispositifs médicaux (DM) sont des produits de santé qui représentent un ensemblehétérogène de plus de 500 000 technologies, allant de la plus simple à la plus complexe.Contrairement au médicament, il n'existe pas de démarche formelle quant aux étapes dudéveloppement clinique des DM, notamment pour ceux les plus à risque.L'objectif de ce travail de thèse était de décrire les données cliniques disponibles en Francelorsqu'un DM accède au marché, et de proposer des solutions pour améliorer la quantité etla qualité des études cliniques réalisées. Pour cela, nous avons exploré deux voies :l'accompagnement des industriels pour la mise en place d'études cliniques qui répondentaux attentes des différents acteurs ; et l'utilisation de registres pour améliorer le niveau depreuve disponible, en générant des données cliniques complémentaires dès la diffusion.L'évaluation clinique des DM est complexe et difficile ; elle nécessite un apprentissage desindustriels et des interactions avec les autorités de santé. Toutefois, le niveau des donnéescliniques disponibles pour évaluer les DM doit et peut être amélioré, notamment par laspécialisation de méthodologistes et l'accompagnement des industriels par des plateformesproches du terrain clinique.

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Kwong, Tung-wing Albert, and 鄺東榮. "Evaluation of information technology application in retail marketing in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/207633.

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Hong Kong is renowned for its name of shopping paradise in the past several decades. It not only has the attractive street markets, but also has the different styles, themes and levels of shopping malls. Indeed, the retail industry of Hong Kong serves both visitors and Hong Kong local people as well. From the figures of Hong Kong Retail Management Association, it recorded HK$494,456 million dollars overall retail sale in 2013 and 267,703 person were employed as the workforce under retail as at December 2013. In the past two decades, many large, trendy and featured shopping malls were built, and they were mostly developed and owned by the major developers as a long term investment for rental return. However, as Hong Kong is just a small city, thus this leads to keener competitions between the shopping malls in order to attract shoppers to increase the turnover of the shop tenants inside, thus the rental receivables to the developers in turn. In order to attract more shoppers, other than the asset enhancements, improvements and renovation projects carried out by the shopping malls within a short period of time to have a fresh feeling to the shoppers and improve the deficiencies of the malls, many new and innovative marketing activities were carried out by them as well, such as placing 100 number of full height Doraemom mascots (a famous Japanese cartoon character) outside the shopping mall, arranging a 20 meter height inflatable Holland designer rubber duck to be display on the sea outside the shopping mall, organizing overnight cheering up activities for the student at the eve of the announcement of public exam, providing overnight live broadcasting of World Cup, etc. Besides the above, many information technologies were incorporation in the shopping malls nowadays so as to provide a convenience, better feelings and involvement to the shoppers. Other than retail, telecommunications in Hong Kong is also the leading edge in the world. The mobile penetration rate is 238.6 percent by February 2014, that means every Hong Kong people has over two mobile phones; in which, around 72% is using 3G/4G, it means around two-third of mobile subscribers are using smartphones. For the marketing of the shopping malls, they also provide many information technology applications in order to attract the shoppers. For example, sophisticated webpage design, mobile apps, Facebook, Weibo, Twitter, Instagram, were made for their shopping mall. In this paper, we will evaluate of using such information technology applications in the retail marketing under the context of shopping malls in Hong Kong. published_or_final_version Housing Management Master Master of Housing Management

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Hymas, Peter E. "Can You Find Me Now?: Re-examining Search Engines’ Capability to Retrieve Finding Aids on the World Wide Web." Thesis, School of Information and Library Science, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1901/212.

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Five years have passed since Helen R. Tibbo and Lokman I. Meho conducted their study exploring how well six Web search engines retrieved electronic finding aids based on phrase and word searches of terms taken directly from the finding aids. This study similarly seeks to discover how well current search engines Google, Yahoo! Search, MSN Search, AOL Search, Excite, and Ask Jeeves retrieved finding aids chosen at random from 25 North American primary source repositories. In March 2005, approximately 27% of repositories listed at the “Repositories of Primary Resources” web site had at least four full finding aids online, a substantial increase from 8% in 2000. This study affirmed phrase searches yielding better retrieval results than word searches. Encouragingly, the retrieval rates for phrase and word searches within electronic finding aids were approximately 20% higher than Tibbo and Meho’s findings despite the existence of several billion more World Wide Web pages in 2005.

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Walters, Edward B. "Impacts of new agricultural technologies in Peru." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/94491.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impacts of Peru's research and extension programs on two regions in Peru and assess the implications of those impacts on institutional action by the Agrarian Bank and the Peruvian research and extension service. An LP model was constructed for two regions, Contumaza and Tarapoto, and was run under various levels of risk, alternative credit arrangements, selected price changes, and with and without the newly released varieties. Results from the various scenarios demonstrated that the introduction of new varieties increased net income, labor use, and the demand for credit in both regions. Also, altering the amount of credit available had a much more significant impact on the regions than altering the interest rate. M.S.

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Medioni, Jacques. "Thérapeutiques anti-cancéreuses : développement et innovations, du stade préèclinique jusqu'après la mise sur le marché." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066160.

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Une revue de la littérature des étapes du développement de thérapeutiques en cancérologie s'intéressant aux méthodes, à la planification, aux informations apportées et à la façon dont sont rapportés les résultats a été réalisée. Les différences entre les traitements cytotoxiques et ciblés sont montrées. Des travaux personnels innovants proposent des approches cherchant à optimiser les données disponibles par la modélisation. Au stade pré-clinique, de nouveaux critères pour l’évaluation de la réponse à des agents testés sur des xénogreffes ont été développés : ils permettent de mieux décrire les courbes de croissance et de réaliser des tests statistiques plus puissants. Puis, dans les essais de phase II, une étude comparative de deux planifications multi-étapes, la méthode de Fleming et le test triangulaire a été effectuée, afin de mieux sélectionner des agents anti-cancéreux. Enfin, dans les essais de phase III, à partir de données sur des traitements préventifs des cancers, une méthode pour étudier la variation au cours du temps des risques relatifs de survenue d’un événement est présentée. Ses potentiels en thérapeutique sont montrés sur des exemples.

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Sévilla, Christine. "Evaluation économique des innovations biomédicales : l'exemple de la diffusion des tests génétiques en oncologie." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0045.

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La localisation et l'identification de deux gènes prédisposant au cancer du sein ou de l'ovaire, BRCA1 et BRCA2, ont permis l'introduction dans les nouvelles pratiques médicales de tests génétiques de prédisposition à ces cancers, destinés à des personnes à risque identifiées sur la base de leurs caractéristiques individuelles et familiales. L'objectif de ce travail est d'étudier la diffusion de cette toute nouvelle innovation biomédicale et les difficultés qu'elle pose. Après avoir présenté les facteurs généraux de la diffusion de l'innovation identifiés par la théorie économique, côté offre et côté demande, nous présentons le problème posé par les tests génétiques : nous montrons en quoi la diffusion de ces tests pose certaines difficultés renvoyant aux facteurs généraux de diffusion ou à des problèmes plus spécifiques aux activités de médecine prédictive, mais aussi en quoi la résolution de certaines difficultés nécessite l'adoption d'une approche normative The localisation and the identification of two breast/ovarian cancer susceptibility genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2, have made it possible the introduction of genetic testing for predisposition to these cancers in new medical practices, intended for at risk persons identified on the basis of their idividual and familial characteristics. The objective of this work is to study the diffusion of this brand-new biomedical innovation and the difficulties it generates. After having presented the general factors of the diffusion of innovations identified by the economic theory, on the supply side and on the demand side, we present the problem posed by the genetic testing : we show how the diffusion of these tests poses some difficulties related to the general factors of diffusion or to problems more specific to activities of predictive medicine, but also how the resolution of some difficulties necessitates the adoption of a normative approach

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Schuttloffel, Merylann "Mimi" Jacobson. "The technology integrated classroom the changing role of teacher and implications for teacher evaluation /." Access abstract and link to full text, 1992. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/9219063.

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Hogaboam, Liliya Stepanivna. "Assessment of Technology Adoption Potential of Medical Devices: Case of Wearable Sensor Products for Pervasive Care in Neurosurgery and Orthopedics." PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4205.

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Information and communication technologies hope to revolutionize the healthcare industry with innovative and affordable solutions with a focus on pervasive care. Wearable sensors products can provide monitoring in a natural environment with a constant stream of information, enriching healthcare practices and enabling better pervasive care. Wearable sensor technologies could monitor patients' mobility, gait, tremor, daily activity and other health indicators in real time that could allow for simple, non-invasive, tracking of spine care that may lead to increased patient engagement, integration, feedback, post-surgery analysis, monitoring of patient's condition, patient's data extraction and analysis and possibly aiding in better diagnosis, intervention, adherence to treatment for the betterment of quality of care. This research focuses on the assessment of technology adoption potential of medical devices particular to tracking the mobility of patients of neurosurgery and orthopedics. Wearable medical devices that track the mobility of patients after spinal procedures could help surgeons in providing post-operative care, analysis of treatment outcomes and patient mobility. The assessment of those devices by physicians is a complex process associated with various perspectives and criteria. Therefore, the objective of this research is to assess the potential for technology adoption of those wearable medical devices through development of a hierarchical decision-making model (HDM) that incorporates the relevant perspectives and criteria encompassing the needs of hospital neurological surgery and orthopedics departments. The proposed research builds on an existing body of knowledge researched through literature review and background of the field and expands the health technology assessment field by implementation of a holistic, comprehensive and multi-perspective approach to technology assessment in wearable sensor products adoption for pervasive care in neurosurgery and orthopedics. The Hierarchical Decision Model (HDM) approach is used to break the problem down into hierarchical levels and then calculate the alternatives using pairwise comparison scales and a judgment quantification technique. Inconsistencies, disagreement, sensitivity and scenario analysis are performed as well. HDM research software is created with Ruby and R to facilitate the computation of some of these important model parameters to higher precision than is available in current statistical analysis software packages or extensions targeted for decision making. Patient perspective dominates as the main perspective for the technology adoption potential of wearable devices for pervasive care in neurosurgery and orthopedics, followed by technical and financial perspectives. Valedo, a wearable device aimed to relieve back pain through exercises, motivation and mobility tracking, received the highest ranking for adoption potential, while other devices also received high relative scores. The framework could serve as a supplementary technology assessment tool and could be tested in other settings: private, small clinic etc. with the experts and special needs of physicians in particular healthcare departments.

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Poole, Deborah M. "The effects of the Connecting Learning Assumes Successful Students project on elementary students' achievement in Indiana as measured by the Indiana Statewide Testing for Educational Progress (ISTEP)." Virtual Press, 1994. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/917822.

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The purpose of this study was to determine what relationship, if any, existed between student participation in the C.L.A.S.S. Project and student achievement as measured by the ISTEP testing program. This study was designed to provide statistical data for teachers, administrators, and other educators looking for instructional methods to provide students with increased learning opportunities to improve education.There were two groups of subjects in this study. The experimental group consisted of schools who had been participating in the C.L.A.S.S. Project for a minimum of two years. Thirty-seven Indiana schools made up this group. Thirty-seven schools were selected for a control group. They were randomly selected as not significantly different from schools in the experimental group by using performance based leagues determined by a statistical formula and provided by the Indiana Department of Education.Data collected regarding the schools in the study included rank and league placement as determined by the Indiana Department of Education and ISTEP scores provided by the Indiana Department of Education. ISTEP scores were used for grades two and three in the subject areas of Reading, Language Arts, Math, and Total Battery.The primary hypothesis of this study, stated in null form, is that the C.L.A.S.S. Project has no effect on student achievement as measured by the ISTEP testing program. Alternate null hypotheses were stated regarding the results of the individual subject areas: Reading, Language Arts, and Math.The results of this study failed to find significant differences between the schools using the C.L.A.S.S. Project and those in the control group. Analyses of variance were conducted on the experimental and control groups' data from test scores achieved on 1993 ISTEP test. Multivariate analysis (MANOVA) and univariate analyses (ANOVAs) were conducted to determine if the C.L.A.S.S. Project had any significant effect on isolated subject areas as tested on ISTEP and to see if the C.L.A.S.S. Project had any significant effect on anticipated achievement compared to actual achievement. The .05 alpha level was used to test the level of significance in this study. Department of Educational Leadership

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Sangoor, Khatoon Hameed. "Innovations for the school science curriculum in Bahrain : development and evaluation of units in marine ecology." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313780.

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Mougenot, Benoît. "Une évaluation des services d'éco-mobilité à l'échelle du territoire." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLV084/document.

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Cette thèse invite à mieux comprendre les enjeux autour du développement des projets innovants de transports intégrés dans les territoires, souvent caractérisés d’écomobilité. Par la réalisation de nouveaux comportements pour les usagers, mais aussi par de nouvelles relations entre acteurs, à la fois usagers, entreprises et collectivités, ces projets invitent à repenser dans une perspective plus large les logiques de performances et d’évaluation. Les outils traditionnels utilisés dans le champ économique ne semblent pas suffisamment saisir la complexité inhérente à ces programmes, il est donc opportun de développer de nouvelles pistes davantage orientées dans une approche ouverte et pluridisciplinaire. Pour cela, nous appuierons notre réflexion par le croisement entre deux programmes situés dans les Yvelines. En effet, ce territoire semble le terreau de nombreuses initiatives au cours des dernières années. Les résultats obtenus à l’issue d’un travail de terrain ayant permis de rencontrer un large panel d’acteurs, permettront d’améliorer le champ des connaissances de ces programmes émergeants et de tirer des enseignements dans le cadre de futurs projets This thesis calls for a better understanding of the challenges surrounding thedevelopment of innovative integrated transport projects in the territories, oftencharacterized by eco-mobility. By implementing new behaviors for users, but also bycreating new relationships between actors, both users, companies, and local authorities, these projects call for a rethinking of the logics of performance and evaluation in a broader perspective. The traditional tools used in the economic field do not seem to grasp sufficiently the complexity inherent in these programs, so it is appropriate to develop new perspectives more oriented in a multidisciplinary approach.For this, we will support our reflection by crossing two programs located in the Yvelines area. Indeed, this territory seems to be the breeding ground for many initiatives in recent years. The results obtained from a fieldwork meeting with a wide range of stakeholders will help to improve the knowledge base of these emerging programs and to draw lessons for future projects

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Salzberg, Anna. "ADOPTING SUSTAINABILITY INNOVATIONS IN RESTAURANTS: An Evaluation of the Factors Influencing Owner-Managers’ Decisions in Richmond, Virginia." VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4575.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors influencing restaurant Owner-Managers’ decisions to adopt sustainability innovations in restaurants. A cross-sectional survey research design is used for this study, which entails distributing a survey to restaurants in the City of Richmond, Virginia, to gain an understanding of the factors influencing sustainability innovation adoption. Drawing from both the innovation adoption theory and the theory of planned behavior, the researcher contributes a baseline of the restaurants’ sustainability and the Owner-Managers’ intrinsic motivations. By integrating innovation adoption theory’s perceived innovation characteristics and measuring restaurants’ past sustainability behavior, this study increases the overall explanatory power of the theory of planned behavior. The findings demonstrate the need for new policy that effectively increases the rate of sustainability innovation adoption throughout Richmond’s restaurant industry. This study’s baseline contribution enables policymakers to move from planning to the implementation of the initiatives needed to achieve the economic development goal and first objective detailed in the City of Richmond’s sustainability plan, RVAgreen: A Roadmap to Sustainability (2011).

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Sarlak, Nermin. "Evaluation And Modeling Of Streamflow Data: Entropy Method, Autoregressive Models With Asymmetric Innovations And Artificial Neural Networks." Phd thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12606135/index.pdf.

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In the first part of this study, two entropy methods under different distribution assumptions are examined on a network of stream gauging stations located in Kizilirmak Basin to rank the stations according to their level of importance. The stations are ranked by using two different entropy methods under different distributions. Thus, showing the effect of the distribution type on both entropy methods is aimed. In the second part of this study, autoregressive models with asymmetric innovations and an artificial neural network model are introduced. Autoregressive models (AR) which have been developed in hydrology are based on several assumptions. The normality assumption for the innovations of AR models is investigated in this study. The main reason of making this assumption in the autoregressive models established is the difficulties faced in finding the model parameters under the distributions other than the normal distributions. From this point of view, introduction of the modified maximum likelihood procedure developed by Tiku et. al. (1996) in estimation of the autoregressive model parameters having non-normally distributed residual series, in the area of hydrology has been aimed. It is also important to consider how the autoregressive model parameters having skewed distributions could be estimated. Besides these autoregressive models, the artificial neural network (ANN) model was also constructed for annual and monthly hydrologic time series due to its advantages such as no statistical distribution and no linearity assumptions. The models considered are applied to annual and monthly streamflow data obtained from five streamflow gauging stations in Kizilirmak Basin. It is shown that AR(1) model with Weibull innovations provides best solutions for annual series and AR(1) model with generalized logistic innovations provides best solution for monthly as compared with the results of artificial neural network models.

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Lüdtke, Jan-Paul [Verfasser], and Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] Lüthje. "Judgmental biases in the evaluation of innovations: experiments with information markets / Jan-Paul Lüdtke. Betreuer: Christian Lüthje." Hamburg : Universitätsbibliothek der Technischen Universität Hamburg-Harburg, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1073608298/34.

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Wree, Philipp [Verfasser], Johannes [Akademischer Betreuer] Sauer, Johannes [Gutachter] Sauer, and Gertrud [Gutachter] Buchenrieder. "Economic Evaluation of GM Plant Breeding Innovations / Philipp Wree ; Gutachter: Johannes Sauer, Gertrud Buchenrieder ; Betreuer: Johannes Sauer." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1156461855/34.

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Lüdtke, Jan-Paul Verfasser], and Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] [Lüthje. "Judgmental biases in the evaluation of innovations: experiments with information markets / Jan-Paul Lüdtke. Betreuer: Christian Lüthje." Hamburg : Universitätsbibliothek der Technischen Universität Hamburg-Harburg, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:830-88212803.

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Biggs, Stephen D. "Two articles focusing on participatory approaches." Olive Organisation Development and Training, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/75076.

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In recent years there has been a growing literature that advocates various forms of participatory development. This is illustrated by the promotion of approaches/tools such as participatory rural appraisal (PRA), participatory technology development (PTD), and participatory process projects 1 These "new" approaches are fast taking on the form of a new generalised orthodoxy for solving development problems. It would seem from the perspective of some of the promoters of this orthodoxy that the problem of development is no longer one of not having the right approaches and methods, but one of getting recalcitrant policy makers, bureaucrats, academics to appreciate and adopt these new methods and techniques. My concerns with this new advocacy are that: i It does not relate to experience; ii It does not address issues of power structure and control over information and other resources in multiple and complex arenas of science and technology (S&T); iii By placing major emphasis on management approaches and tools, the new orthodoxy is cutting itself off from a critical reflective understanding of the deeper determinants of technical and social change. Unfortunately, I suspect that if this new orthodoxy does not develop a more critical reflective view of itself then, like previous dominant orthodoxies, it will soon have to develop a range of "escape hatches" to explain why these participatory approaches are not giving the results that their advocates promise. AVOCADO series; v 06/95

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Assielou, N'Doli. "Évaluation des processus d'innovation." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPL111N/document.

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L’innovation représente un processus vital pour les entreprises en vue d’assurer leur développement. Diverses actions et stratégies nouvelles sont mises en œuvre par les entreprises pour faire face aux exigences de marchés et accroître leurs performances. Une bonne connaissance du processus d’innovation et de l’organisation de l’entreprise est nécessaire pour permettre aux managers de les gérer efficacement et les adapter aux défis et changements dans leur environnement. D’où la nécessité pour les entreprises de disposer d’outils et de méthodes pour mesurer en continu leurs activités d’innovation. L’objectif de notre recherche est de proposer un cadre de mesure des capacités à innover des entreprises basé sur un ensemble de quinze pratiques d’innovation, chacune des pratiques étant subdivisée en plusieurs critères qui sont des phénomènes directement observables en entreprise. L’approche méthodologique s’appuie sur les méthodes d’agrégation multicritères et utilise la notion statistique de la valeur-test pour proposer une typologie des entreprises en quatre classes d’entreprises innovantes (proactive, préactive, réactive et passive). Une étude expérimentale a été menée sur un panel de vingt entreprises industrielles françaises. Un outil logiciel mettant en œuvre notre proposition méthodologique a été développé. Il permet d’analyser et d’évaluer les processus innovants d’un ensemble d’entreprises, de les affecter à une classe d’entreprises et de leur donner des recommandations sur les actions pertinentes à mettre en place pour accroître leur capacité à innover. Ce qui en fait un support efficace pour l’aide à la décision en matière de management de l’innovation Innovation represents a vital process for companies to insure their development. Several actions and new strategies are implemented by companies to increase their performances and so face market requirements. A good knowledge of both the innovation process and the company organization is necessary to allow the top management to manage them effectively and to adapt them to the challenges and the changes in their environment. Consequently, it is important for the companies to have tools and methods to measure continuously their innovation activities. The objective of our research is to suggest a framework to measure innovation capacities of companies based on a set of fifteen innovation practices, each practice is subdivided into several criteria which are directly observable phenomena in company. The methodological approach is based on the multicriteria aggregation method and the use of statistical notion of value-test to propose a typology of innovative companies of four classes (proactive, preactive, reactive and passive). An experimental study was led on a sample group of twenty French industrial companies. A software implementing our methodological proposition was developed. It allows to analyze and to estimate the innovative processes of a set of companies, to allocate them to a class and to give them recommendations for the relevant actions to follow to increase their innovation potential. This research proposes an effective decision-aid tool that helps in the innovation management

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Ismail, Imad. "Evaluation of the socio-economic impact of innovative hydrid surgical techniques : methodological developments and application to the IHU Strasbourg." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAB009/document.

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Dans un contexte d’augmentation constante des dépenses de santé, la création et l'utilisation des technologies innovantes en chirurgie mini-invasive est de plus en plus tributaire de notre capacité à démontrer leur efficacité et évaluer leurs impacts. À ce jour, comme nous le montrons tout au long de cette thèse, la littérature en sciences économiques ne fournit pas aux décideurs et aux évaluateurs les outils adéquats pour réaliser de telles évaluations.Notre travail combine les meilleurs aspects de l'économie de la santé et de l'économie de l'innovation afin d’établir un cadre méthodologique commun pour l'évaluation des innovations chirurgicales hybrides. En utilisant l'institut de chirurgie guidée par l'image (IHU Strasbourg) comme fondation pour nos analyses, nous créons les bases pour une évaluation coût-bénéfice globale couvrant aussi bien ses activités de soin que de R\&D.L'utilisation des outils développés dans cette thèse permettra à l'IHU, ou tout autre institut chirurgical, de justifier l’intérêt de ces types d'activités en démontrant que les impacts socio-économiques d'une innovation chirurgicale peuvent, éventuellement, compenser le coût supplémentaire qu'elle génère pour le système de santé With constant rises in healthcare expenditures, the creation and use of innovative technologies in Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) is increasingly dependent on our ability to demonstrate their efficiency and evaluate their impacts. To date, as we show throughout this thesis, the economic literature has not provided decision makers and analysts with the adequate tools to perform such evaluations.Our work combines the best aspects of health economics and economics of innovation to establish a common methodological framework for the evaluation of hybrid innovations in MIS. Using the Institute of Image Guided Surgery (IHU Strasbourg) as a base for our investigations, we create the groundwork for a comprehensive cost-benefit evaluation covering the institute’s patient care and R\&D activities.The use of the tools developed in this thesis will allow the IHU, or any other surgical institute, to provide advocacy for these types of activities by demonstrating that the socio-economic impacts of a surgical innovation can possibly outweigh the additional cost it incurs to the healthcare system

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Richman, Jessica. "Quantitative approaches to the network problem in program design and evaluation : case study, entrepreneurship." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6b454558-e7db-4e40-ac90-2fce912c916f.

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Many billions of dollars each year are spent in pursuit of economic and social development goals. The field of program evaluation aims to measure the efficacy of these programs and allocate funds to achieve optimal results. However, current research on program design and evaluation tends to focus on determining causality through complex statistical methods, neglecting intermediate measures of data, such as network metrics. Similarly, research in computational social science has focused on generating hypotheses and validating theory rather than economic development applications. This thesis develops a novel technique for using computational social science to design and evaluate social and economic programs. A framework for program design and evaluation using network metrics is presented, along with two case studies that illustrate the use of this technique. In the first, we consider Start-Up Chile, an economic development program whose goal is to foster networks between Chileans and international entrepreneurs, using network metrics to evaluate its ability to facilitate connection between Chilean and non- Chilean entrepreneurs. Second, an agent-based model for designing entrepreneurial incubators is developed, with novel conclusions for more efficient design of economic development programs.

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Ziegenfuss, Katharina [Verfasser], Uwe [Akademischer Betreuer] Götze, Uwe [Gutachter] Götze, and Mario [Gutachter] Geißler. "Bewertung innovativer Geschäftsmodelle : Evaluation of business model innovations / Katharina Ziegenfuss ; Gutachter: Uwe Götze, Mario Geißler ; Betreuer: Uwe Götze." Chemnitz : Universitätsverlag Chemnitz, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1232404373/34.

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Bose, Ruchira. "Innovations in care for children with mental handicaps : an evaluation of the Canterbury and Thanet family link scheme." Thesis, University of Kent, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305077.

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Druel, François. "Evaluation de la valeur à l'ère du Web : proposition de modèle de valorisation des projets non marchands." Angers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ANGE0039.

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L'arrivée du web permis l'émergence de nombreux projets non marchands : Libres, ouverts ou Open Source, ces créations ne fondent pas leur valeur sur la rareté mais au contraire sur leur ouverture et leur foisonnement. De plus, ces projets n'émanent pas d'entreprises, mais d'organisations en apparence informelles qui ne vendent pas de produit mais proposent de s'investir dans un projet. L'objectif de notre thèse est de proposer un cadre méthodologique permettant l'évaluation de la valeur des produits et des projets non marchands. Nous étudions la valeur, le phénomène technologique puis les outils de partage. Puis nous étudions les méthodes de recueil et de traitement des données. Enfin, nous nous penchons sur les méthodes d'évaluation de l'immatériel. Cette recherche nous permet de proposer un modèle d'évaluation de la valeur des projets non marchands de l'ère du web. Nous nous appuyons sur deux axes : l'attractivité et la pérennité et nous définissons 18 critères d'évaluation ainsi que qu'une échelle de pondération permettant de définir un graphique radial multi-critères permettant l'aide au choix. Notre modèle se destine au grand public souhaitant s'investir dans un projet The emergence on the web on the internet allowed the outcoming of many non-merchant projets : Free or Open-Source software, these creations do not create value by rarity but, on the contrary, by openess. Morever, these projects are not conducted by companies but by organizations, apparently unformal that do not sell products but offer to user an involvment. The goal of our research is to give a methodoloy allowing value evaluation of non merchant products and projects. We study value, technological phenomenon, and sharing tools. Then we study methods for data collection and treatment. At last, we study evaluation methods for intangibles. This research allows us to propose a value evaluation benchmark for non merchant projects. We use two main axis : attractivity and perennity and we define 18 evaluation criterias and a scale. This allows us to define a radial multi-criterias graphic representation for decision making. Our benchmark is aimed at people willing to involve themselves in non merchant projects

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Esmaeili, Hamid. "Evaluation économique de l'impact des nouvelles technologies d'information : une application à l'économie américaine." Littoral, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DUNK0078.

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L'émergence des nouvelles technologies de l'information (NTI) a transformé la donne économique, entraînant une modification de l'appareil productif. Cette étude a pour objet d'évaluer l'impact économique des NTI. Après avoir apporté une explication théorique afin d'insérer les NTI au sein de la pensée économique, cette recherche tente de constater les changements majeurs sur le plan macroéconomique. Pour ce faire, elle se situe au sein de l'économie américaine, où les nouvelles technologies de l'information sont les plus présentes. Puis, nous développons deux modèles d'équilibre général calculable : le premier tente d'observer la contribution du progrès technique-TI au sein de l'économie américaine entre 1954-2000, en mettant en évidence la rupture en terme de progrès technique-TI en 1974. Le second a pour objet d'observer l'évolution de la situation de l'emploi des travailleurs non-qualifiés par le biais des analyses de sensibilité et de politiques économiques, dans le but de connaître les mesures les plus appropriées The birth of New Information Technologie (NIT) has changed the economic data, entailing a modification of the productivity. This study aims at making an economic evaluation of the impact of Information Technologies (IT). After a theoretical explanation aiming at including NIT within the economic thought, this research will analyse the major changes from a macroeconomic point of view. To do so, it relies on the American economic system, where Information Technologies are more developed. We will then develop two Computable General Equilibrium models : the first one studies the contribution of technological progress-IT to the American economic system between 1954-2000, pointing out the break in terms of technological progress-IT in 1974. The second model underlines the evolution of the employment market for unqualified workers and uses sensitivity and economic policies analysis to identify the most appropriate measures

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Sorio, Rossella. "Categorisation et evaluation de l'innovation : approche par la Theorie des prospects appliquée au cas du vin allégé en alcool." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20120.

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Titre: Categorisation et évaluation de l'innovation :approche par la théorie des prospects appliquée au cas du vin allégé en alcool.Chaque année de très nombreuses innovations sont proposées sur le marché, mais seul un nombre réduit d'entre elles rencontre le succès espéré. Face à ce constat, l'une des explications avancées par la recherche marketing est la difficulté du consommateur à catégoriser un nouveau produit.Ce travail s'insère dans le courant de recherches sur la catégorisation de l'innovation et suggère de tenir compte de l'incertitude qui caractérise ce processus. L'originalité de cette étude est de proposer un lien entre les recherches sur la catégorisation de l'innovation et celles sur la prise de décision en condition d'incertitude. La Théorie des Prospects (Kahneman et Tversky, 1979) en particulier, et l'un de ses principes, celui d'aversion aux pertes, ont fourni un cadre théorique adapté pour tenir compte du caractère d'incertitude de l'innovation. Notre question de recherche a proposé de vérifier si le principe d'aversion aux pertes pouvait s'appliquer pour expliquer comment la modification de certains attributs d'une catégorie provoque la perception d'une rupture et la création d'une nouvelle catégorie de produits par le consommateur.La partie empirique de ce travail a été appliquée dans le domaine le vin, un produit qui traverse une grave crise de consommation. Nous avons retenu une approche expérimentale à travers six études conduites sur des innovations du secteur vinicole. Les résultats ont permis de mettre en évidence le rôle majeur joué par la nature de l'attribut dans la catégorisation ainsi que son influence sur la perception des ruptures d'une catégorie.Du point de vue managérial, les conclusions de ce travail ont pour objet l'efficacité des stratégies d'innovation qui agissent sur les attributs d'un produit et sur leur capacité à différencier une innovation parmi la concurrence. Cette recherche fournit également des suggestions quant au positionnement et à la communication à mettre en place pour faciliter la compréhension d'un nouveau produit et donc son choix par le consommateur Title: Categorization and evaluation of innovation: a prospect théory approach applied to the case of low alcohol content wine Every year numerous innovations are available on the market but only a small number meet the hoped-for success. Given this fact, one of the explanations offered by marketing research is the difficulty the consumer has to categorize a new product. This work is part of current research on the categorization of innovation and suggests to consider the uncertainty that characterizes this process. Its originality is to propose a link between research on the categorization of innovation and those of decision making under uncertain conditions. Prospect Theory (Kahneman et Tversky, 1979), in particular, and one of its principles, that of loss aversion, this research has provided a theoretical framework adapted to take into account the uncertainty of innovation. Our research question proposes to determine whether the principle of loss aversion can be applied to explain how the modification of certain attributes of a class causes the perception of a break and create a new category of products by the consumer. The empirical part of this work was conducted on wine, a product that is going through a major crisis of consumption. We chose an experimental approach across six studies conducted on innovations in the wine sector. The results were used to highlight the major role played by the nature of the attribute in the categorization and its influence on the perception of breaks in a category. From the managerial point of view, the conclusions of this work relate to the effectiveness of innovation strategies that affect the attributes of a product in their ability to differentiate an innovation from competition. This work also provides suggestions for the positioning and communication set up to facilitate the understanding of a new product and therefore its choice by the consumer

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Ferioli, Marcelo. "Phases amont du processus d'innovation : proposition d'une méthode d'aide à l'évaluation d'idées." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPL036N/document.

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L’innovation est un élément efficace pour répondre aux défis et perspectives imposés par les événements contemporains (mondialisation, concurrence, bouleversements politiques…). Des politiques liées aux stratégies d’innovation, des études sur les pratiques et les méthodes pour innover sont conduites par les entreprises et promues par les gouvernements. Afin de consolider la capacité à créer et innover, des recherches sont aujourd’hui axées sur les phases amont du processus d’innovation. Ces phases consistent à générer, évaluer et exploiter très tôt des innovations embryonnaires. Notre problématique de recherche concerne spécifiquement l’évaluation d’idées générées dans les phases amont. Les enjeux de cette action sont d’évaluer des idées très peu finalisées, en grandes quantités. Actuellement, le manque de méthodes adaptées, des restrictions de temps ou encore des budgets limités contraignent cette phase d’évaluation. Afin de pouvoir proposer une méthode d’aide à l’évaluation d’idées, nous réalisons une étude bibliographique puis proposons une démarche et des outils conduisant à une évaluation d’idées formalisée et instrumentée. Notre proposition permet d’appréhender les informations des évaluations réalisées et fournit des éléments de visualisation pour aider notamment les experts lors de cette action. Cette méthode s’est construite à partir d’analyses de situations professionnelles sur le terrain et nous a permis de proposer trois modèles. Ceux-ci ont été testés et expérimentés en milieu académique et industriel. Enfin, cette recherche s’est concrétisée par l’élaboration d’une maquette informatique nommée IdéoVal destinée à aider l’évaluation et la sélection d’idées Innovation is an effective element to address the challenges and prospects imposed by the contemporary events (globalization, competition, political changes…). Innovation strategies, studies on the practices and methods to innovate are led by several companies and are promoted by the governments. In order to consolidate the capacity to create and innovate, current researches are focused on the early stages of the innovation process. These phases consist of generating, evaluating and exploiting embryonic innovations very early in the process. Our research problematic is specifically related to the evaluation of ideas generated in the early stages. The issues involving this action are to evaluate a large quantity of ideas that are not yet finalized. Currently, the lack of adapted methods, time restrictions or limited budgets constraint this evaluation stage. In order to propose a method for assisting ideas evaluation, we made a bibliographical study, and then we proposed an approach and tools leading to a formalized and instrumented evaluation of ideas. Our proposal enables the capitalization of the information from the evaluations carried out and provides a visualization of elements to, in particular, help the experts carry out this action. This method was built from the analyses of professional situations in the field and allowed us to propose three models. These models were tested in academic and industrial environments. Finally, this research was materialized by the elaboration of a software model called IdéoVal, which purpose is to help evaluate and select ideas

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Quiedeville, Sylvain. "Ex-post assessment of impacts of research on innovations for organic farming : issues, methods, tools and instruments." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NSAM0038/document.

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Cette thèse a pour objet d’évaluer, de développer et de tester différentes méthodes qualitatives et manières d’évaluer ex-post les impacts et la contribution de la recherche sur les processus d’innovations et la société, par rapport à la transition à l’agriculture biologique.Nous avons réalisé deux cas d’études traitant de la transition à l’agriculture biologique. Le premier est le cas camarguais (en France) englobant un ensemble d’innovations techniques. Le second concerne le développement du produit biologique Ecostop pour protéger les abeilles contre la maladie de la varroatose en Bulgarie.Nous évaluons le potentiel d’une approche globale basée sur l’analyse participative du chemin de l’impact (PIPA) mais adaptée et complémentée par de nombreuses autres méthodes (premier article, partie 4), ainsi que le potentiel de l’analyse du réseau social (SNA) (deuxième article, partie 5) et de la théorie de l’acteur réseau (ANT) (troisième article, partie 6) pour l’évaluation ex-post des impacts et de la contribution de la recherche. Nous étudions les impacts de la recherche en Camargue et la manière dont ils ont été générés. Le cas Bulgare est seulement utilisé pour évaluer le potentiel d’ANT (avec le cas camarguais).L’approche basée sur PIPA permet d’évaluer avec succès les impacts et la contribution de la recherche. Nous avons pu mettre en évidence que la recherche a contribué au changement en Camargue à travers le développement d’interactions de co-apprentissage avec les producteurs bien que cela ne se soit pas avéré crucial pour le succès de l’innovation dans son ensemble. Les politiques agricoles, facteurs économiques, tests conduits indépendamment par les agriculteurs, et le cadre institutionnel, ont été les facteurs les plus importants et ayant eu le plus d’effets. En ce qui concerne SNA, il est apparu utile pour valider les dires des parties prenantes sur les relations entre acteurs ainsi que leurs implications sur la transition à l’agriculture biologique. Par exemple, le rôle grandissant joué par l’INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique) au sein du réseau d’acteurs a été confirmé de même que sa contribution à la transition vers l’agriculture biologique. Quant à l’approche ANT, elle permet de mettre en avant les relations interpersonnelles d’acteurs et leurs effets sur le développement de l’innovation. Nous soulignons en particulier l’importance des leaders d’opinion au cours des phases d’implémentation et de diffusion ; et montrons également l’importance de problématiser les questions devant être traitées afin d’améliorer le succès des programmes de recherche This thesis intends to evaluate, develop and test different qualitative methods and ways of ex-post assessing the impacts and contribution of the research on innovation processes and the society, in relation to the transition to organic agriculture.We have conducted two case studies focusing on the transition to organic farming. First is the Camargue case (in France) that encompasses a broad range of technical innovations. Second is on the development of the organic product Ecostop to protect bees against the varroatosis disease in Bulgaria.We evaluate the potential of a broad approach based on the Participatory Impact Pathway Analysis (PIPA) and adapted & complemented by several other methods (first article, part 4), as well as the potential of the Social Network Analysis (SNA) (second paper, part 5) and of the Actor Network Theory (ANT) (third paper, part 6), in evaluating ex-post the impacts and contribution of the research. We study the impacts of the research in the Camargue and how they were generated. The Bulgarian case is only used to evaluate the potential of ANT (together with the Camargue case).The approach based on PIPA allows assessing successfully the impacts and contribution of the research. We could show that the research contributed to change in the Camargue by developing co-learning interactions with farmers although this was not critical to the success of the innovation as a whole. The agricultural policies, economic factors, the testing conducted independently by farmers, and the institutional framework, were the most important and influential factors. With respect to SNA, it was of interest to validate stakeholders’ views on actors’ relationships and their implications on the transition to organic farming. For example, the growing role played by INRA (National Research Agronomic Institute) within the actor network was confirmed as well as its contribution to the transition. As to ANT, it allows highlighting interpersonal actors’ relationships and their effects on the innovation development. We particularly underline the importance of opinion leaders in the phases of implementation and diffusion; and also show the importance of problematizing the issues to be tackled in order to increase the success of research programs

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Petit, Serge. "Evaluation de l'impact des actions de diffusion technologique du C. E. A. Dans le monde industriel." Paris 9, 1999. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1999PA090049.

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Les organismes de recherche publics sont de plus en plus amenés à évaluer l'impact économique de leurs travaux, mais les indicateurs d'impact actuellement disponibles ne donnent guère satisfaction. Cette recherche développe des indicateurs en mesure d'évaluer finement les effets induits par une collaboration de R&D entre un laboratoire et une firme. Une évaluation exploratoire de vingt-deux collaborations achevées du Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA) fournit le matériel empirique pour l'élaboration de sept indicateurs. Des liens fonctionnels sont ensuite créés entre ces indicateurs et certaines variables explicatives représentatives du profil de l'entreprise, de la collaboration et de l'innovation lancée. L'algorithme de Kohonen permet d'extraire des associations robustes alliant les indicateurs d'impact avec ses déterminants, fondant ainsi une méthode << mixte >> qui emprunte aux principes de l'observation monographique et du traitement statistique. Trois types de résultats sont issus de la recherche empirique : - la production d'indicateurs complémentaires au chiffre d'affaires induit et la définition des scenarios dans lesquels ils s'appliquent - la mise en évidence de différentes formes d'organisation de la recherche collaborative en fonction des objectifs industriels - des renseignements sur les modalités contractuelles permettant au CEA d'optimiser ses propres retours financiers. Ces résultats illustrent la dimension immatérielle de la technologie et sa signification économique. Par ailleurs, le modèle linéaire << techno-push >>, malgré les critiques dont il fait l'objet, produit des résultats probants dans certains cas

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Helsel, Sandra Kay. "A set of criteria derived from curriculum theory to assist in the planning, use and evaluation of educational interactive videodisc." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184372.

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It was the purpose of this study to develop a set of criteria derived from curriculum theory to assist in the planning, use and evaluation of educational interactive videodisc. That set of criteria, referred to herein as the EIVD Curricular Base, consists of six sets of guidelines corresponding to Eisner's (1985) curriculum typologies: Development of Cognitive Processes, Curriculum as Technology, Curriculum for Personal Relevance, Curriculum for Social Adaptation, Curriculum for Social Reconstruction, and Academic Rationalism. The set of criteria was developed through the examination of three primary research questions: (1) What ways have those elements Beauchamp (1981) deemed necessary for any curriculum theory (definitions, values, design, engineering, and regeneration) been operationalized in Eisner's six curriculum typologies; (2) To what extent do interactive design characteristics identified by DeBloois (1979) apply to curriculum theory; (3) How can the ability of videodisc to simulate reality be integrated into the set of criteria? Further, the proposed set of criteria was critiqued against sample educational videodiscs to establish its veracity. The results of this study indicate that the Cognitive Processes curricular typology utilizes the potential of educational interactive videodisc to a greater extent than any other curricular typology in the EIVD Curricular Base. Therefore, it is recommended that an in-depth exploration of the Cognitive Process set of criteria be initiated. Ideally, the exploration would result in the research, design, production, use and evaluation of an actual videodisc program. Several, more general, recommendations regarding education's use of videodisc technology and courseware complete this study.

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Sheikh, Nasir Jamil. "Assessment of Solar Photovoltaic Technologies Using Multiple Perspectives and Hierarchical Decision Modeling." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/978.

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The objective of this research is to build a decision model for a comprehensive assessment of solar photovoltaic technologies using multiple perspectives. These perspectives include: social, technological, economic, environmental, and political (STEEP) with each perspective consisting of multiple criteria. Hierarchical decision modeling and expert judgment quantification are used to provide the relative ranking of the perspectives and criteria. Such modeling is effective in addressing technology evaluations with competing and contrasting perspectives and criteria where both quantitative and qualitative measurements are represented. The model is then operationalized by constructing desirability functions for each criterion. The combined results provide an overall numerical score for each technology under consideration as well as criteria desirability gaps. This model is useful for assessing photovoltaic technologies from varying worldviews such as the electric utility worldview, the photovoltaic manufacturer's worldview, or the national policy worldview. This model can also provide guidance to decision makers and practitioners on areas of improvement for a selected technology. The research utilizes the electric utility worldview as a case study.

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Lubicz, Boris. "Evaluation de l'apport des nouvelles techniques diagnostiques et thérapeutiques pour la prise en charge des anévrysmes intracrâniens." Lille 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL2S017.

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La prévalence des anévrysmes intracrâniens est d'environ 5%. Leur présentation clinique la plus fréquente, c'est-à-dire dans 95% des cas, est la rupture avec HSA qui est grevée d'une mortalité de 60%. Les anévrysmes peuvent également provoquer un effet de masse, des AIT, ou être asymptomatiques et découverts fortuitement. Jusqu'il y a peu, la prise en charge des anévrysmes intracrâniens nécessitait l'utilisation de techniques invasives qui sont associées à une morbidité et une mortalité non négligeable. L'angiographie conventionnelle était nécessaire pour la mise au point diagnostique et le suivi du traitement des anévrysmes alors que le clipping chirurgical en était le traitement standard. Des techniques moins invasives ou non invasives ont été récemment développées pour la prise en charge tant diagnostique que thérapeutique des anévrysmes intracrâniens. L'ACT et l'ARM sont des techniques de plus en plus reconnues pour le diagnostic des anévrysmes intracrâniens et leur suivi après traitement. Le TEV à l'aide de coils détachables est une alternative au clipping chirurgical et est associé à des taux de morbidité et de mortalité moins élevés dans des cas sélectionnés (petits anévrysmes à petit collet). Afin d'élargir les indications du TEV, des nouveaux outils et des nouvelles techniques de TEV (nouveaux coils, ballons de protection, stents) ont été développés récemment. Le but de notre travail a été d'évaluer l'apport de ces nouvelles techniques diagnostiques et thérapeutiques pour la prise en charge des patients porteurs d'anévrysmes intracrâniens. Nous avons comparé l'ACT et l'ARM avec l'angiographie conventionnelle pour la mise au point diagnostique des anévrysmes et leur suivi après TEV. Nous avons montré que l'ACT peut être utilisé comme méthode diagnostique de première intention chez les patients présentant une HSA. En effet, l'ACT permet non seulement de détecter les anévrysmes rompus mais également d'évaluer leurs caractéristiques morphologiques afin de choisir le traitement approprié. En ce qui concerne le suivi du TEV des anévrysmes intracrâniens, nous avons montré que l'ARM peut remplacer l'angiographie conventionnelle comme examen de suivi de première intention. En effet, à la phase précoce après TEV, les techniques d'ARM-TOF et d'ARMc permettent d'évaluer le degré d'occlusion des anévrysmes embolisés. Cependant, si le TEV nécessite la mise en place d'un stent, l'ARMc est la technique de choix car elle est plus sensible que l'ARM-TOF pour la détection d'un sac résiduel et qu'elle permet également de mieux visualiser le vaisseau porteur. Nous avons ensuite évalué l'ARMc comme examen de suivi des anévrysmes embolisés dans un travail préliminaire prospectif portant sur 25 patients avec 30 anévrysmes traités et suivis sur une période de 12 mois. Ce travail a montré que l'ARMc permet de dépister les recanalisations anévrysmales avec une sensibilité et une spécificité élevées mais encore inférieures à l'angiographie conventionnelle. De plus, lorsque le diamètre de l'anévrysme traité est ? 2 mm, l'ARMc peut manquer une recanalisation significative. Une angiographie conventionnelle reste donc indispensable au moins une fois durant le suivi des anévrysmes embolisés. Nous nous sommes ensuite intéressés à l'apport des nouveaux matériaux et des nouvelles techniques de TEV. Nous avons montré que les nouveaux coils peuvent faciliter la procédure d'embolisation et qu'ils apportent une plus grande stabilité de l'occlusion du sac anévrysmal. Leur manipulation est cependant plus difficile et limite de ce fait leur utilisation. Ces améliorations techniques apparaissent donc mineures par rapport à l'efficacité déjà bien démontrée des coils « traditionnels ». Par contre, les ballons de protection et les stents représentent une véritable avancée pour le TEV. En effet, ils permettent de traiter, avec de très bons résultats cliniques et anatomiques immédiats, des anévrysmes jusqu'alors considérés comme non accessibles à l'embolisation à savoir les anévrysmes à large collet et les anévrysmes présentant une branche provenant du sac. Ce sont donc des outils devenus indispensables permettant d'élargir les indications du TEV. Finalement, nous avons utilisé ces nouvelles techniques et ces nouveaux outils thérapeutiques pour évaluer les résultats du TEV lorsqu'il était considéré comme traitement de première intention pour les anévrysmes intracrâniens. Nous avons montré que le TEV est techniquement faisable avec de bons résultats cliniques dans 87. 3% des cas. En effet, grâce aux nouvelles techniques de TEV, la plupart des anévrysmes sont aujourd'hui traitables par voie endovasculaire. Cependant, la limitation du TEV reste la stabilité des résultats anatomiques (recanalisation majeure = 11%, recanalisation mineure = 14. 3%) qui doit être améliorée. En conclusion, les nouvelles techniques diagnostiques et thérapeutiques peuvent se substituer en majeure partie aux techniques standard plus invasives pour la prise en charge des anévrysmes intracrâniens. Cependant, ces nouvelles techniques présentent encore certaines limitations suggérant la réalisation de nouveaux travaux. La limitation principale de l'ACT et de l'ARM est leur sensibilité toujours inférieure à celle de l'angiographie conventionnelle. De nouvelles avancées technologiques - comme les CT scanners comportant un nombre plus important de détecteurs ainsi que des programmes de soustraction, les systèmes d'IRM à hauts champs - devraient améliorer les performances de l'ACT et de l'ARM et elles devront donc être évaluées. En ce qui concerne le TEV, sa limitation principale concerne le manque de stabilité des résultats anatomiques. Différentes voies de recherche sont actuellement envisagées afin de stabiliser l'occlusion anévrysmale après TEV. A cet égard, il semble que l'utilisation des stents intracrâniens soit une des pistes les plus prometteuses car ils exercent une action sur le flux au sein de l'anévrysme mais également au niveau de la paroi du vaisseau porteur. Un nouveau concept de traitement des anévrysmes pourrait donc voir le jour avec pour objectif de traiter la cause des anévrysmes à savoir une pathologie focale de la paroi artérielle, plutôt que la conséquence qui est la formation du sac anévrysmal

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Galope, Reynold. "Public financing of risky early-stage technology." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45801.

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This dissertation examines the role of public investments in inducing small firms to develop risky, early-stage technologies. It contributes to expanding our understanding of the consequences of research, innovation, and entrepreneurship policies and programs by investigating in more depth the effect of the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program on the innovation effort, ability to attract external capital, and other metrics of post-entry performance of small business start-ups using a new sample and estimation approach. Unlike prior R&D subsidy studies that concentrated almost exclusively on European countries, this dissertation focused on small business start-ups in the United States using a new scientific survey of new firms. It integrated the Kauffman Firm Survey (KFS) from the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation with the SBIR recipient dataset from the U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) and used advances in statistical matching to achieve better comparability between the treated and control groups of small business start-ups. The integrated KFS-SBA dataset, which contains both recipient and non-recipient small firms, and statistical matching allowed us to empirically construct the counterfactual outcomes of SBIR recipients. This dissertation balanced the pre-treatment characteristics of SBIR recipients and non-recipients through propensity score matching (PSM). It constructed the comparison sample by identifying non-recipients with nearly identical propensity scores as those of SBIR recipients. Consistent with the propensity score theorem, observations with the same distribution of propensity scores have the same distribution of observable characteristics. PSM made the comparison and treatment samples homogenous except in SBIR program exposure, making the fundamental assumption of ignorability of treatment assignment more plausible. Using the realized outcomes of observationally similar non-recipient start-ups as the counterfactual outcomes of SBIR recipients, we found empirical evidence of the input additionality effect of the SBIR program. Had they not applied for and granted SBIR R&D subsidies, recipient start-ups would have spent only $185,000 in R&D, but with SBIR their R&D effort was significantly increased to $663,000, on average. The treatment effects analyses also found a significant positive effect of SBIR on innovation propensity and employment. However, it appears that public co-financing of commercial R&D has crowded-out privately financed R&D of small business start-ups in the United States. A dollar of SBIR subsidy decreased firm-financed R&D by about $0.16. Contrary to prior SBIR studies, we did not find any significant "halo effect" or "certification effect" of receiving an SBIR award on attracting external capital. However, we discovered a different certification effect of the SBIR program: SBIR grantees are more likely to attract external patents. This finding also confirms that innovation requires a portfolio of internal and external knowledge assets as theorized by David Teece and his colleagues. This dissertation's empirical results may be relevant to the Small Business Administration, SBIR participating agencies, the U.S. Congress, other federal, state and local policymakers, small high-tech start-ups, and scholars in the field of science, technology, and innovation policy.

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Koster, David. "An evaluation of information technology resources and capabilities that influences the customer service process using resource based view theory." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6411.

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Arruda, Fernanda de Souza. "Avaliação em ciencia, tecnologia e inovação : o caso do programa de propriedade intelectual da FAPESP." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/287594.

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Orientadores: Sergio Luiz Monteiro Salles Filho, Mauro Zackiewicz Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T16:20:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Arruda_FernandadeSouza_M.pdf: 1388522 bytes, checksum: f6437a2816f0b6a476d36635e1b1db4e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 Resumo: A avaliação de atividades. de pesquisa e desenvolvimento é fundamental para órgãos de planejamento, gestão e política de ciência, tecnologia e inovação, principalmente para a orientação e suporte de grandes programas de C, T &I. Atualmente, as iniciativas de avaliação vêm sendo utilizadas para a legitimação do gasto público e também para a verificação de resultados e impactos, buscando informações qualificadas para o aprimoramento do funcionamento dos programas e apoio nas posteriores tomadas de decisão. Porém, ainda é recente o debate sobre a avaliação dos esforços de pesquisa e desenvolvimento no Brasil, tanto no âmbito público como privado. Frente aos desafios metodológicos colocados pela natureza não linear das atividades de C, T &I e pela multiplicidade de atores envolvidos no processo de inovação, é de extrema relevância a proposição de novas abordagens de avaliação que sejam apropriadas para averiguação dos resultados e impactos de programas de C, T &I. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi contribuir para o avanço de metodologias de avaliação, através do desenvOlvimento e aplicação de indicadores voltados à avaliação do Programa de Apoio à Propriedade lntelectuallNúc1eo de Patenteamento e Licenciamento de Tecnologia (PAPIINuplitec), da Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (F APESP). A escolha do programa para avaliação deveu-se a grande importância da propriedade intelectual para o desenvolvimento econômico das nações e a crescente necessidade da transformação de conhecimentos científicos em inovações para o setor produtivo. Nesse sentido foram apresentados e discutidos os incentivos e obstáculos presentes no processo de obtenção da propriedade intelectual e transferência de tecnologia, essencialmente para instituições públicas de ensino e pesquisa. Para a realização da pesquisa foi utilizada uma abordagem de avaliação multidimensional, orientada pelo método de decomposição. No processo de avaliação, foi desenvolvido um questionário para todos os pesquisadores beneficiários do programa P AP1/Nuplitec que possuíam pedidos de patentes depositados. Ao final, foram obtidas informações qualificadas que possibilitaram a percepção da abrangência do programa, de seus resultados e impactos e também os pontos que devem ser melhorados. Também, foi demonstrada a relevância do programa para o suporte à propriedade intelectual e promoção da cultura de patenteamento no contexto das instituições de pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo Abstract: The evaluation of research activities is essential for the goverrunental agencies involved in funding large programs of science, technology and innovation (S,T&I). Currently, evaluation initiatives have been used for legitimating of public spending resources and also to verify the resul.ts and impacts of the funded projects. Evaluation of such programs produces qualified inforrnation that can be used for the improvement of the programs and support subsequent decisions on the public and private financing. However, the debate on the evaluation of S, T &I funding in Brazil is recent in both public arid private sectors. ln face of the complexity of the S,T&I system, improved evaluation methodologies have been proposed to collect the results and impacts of these programs in a comprehensive and appropriated manner. ln view of the multiplicity of actors involved and the non-linear nature of the activities developed in the S, T &I programs, the objective of the present work was to contribute for the progress of the evaluation methodologies, through the development and application of appropriate indicators to evaluate the Support for lntellectual Property ProgramlOffice for Patenting and Licensing of Technology (PAPI/Nuplitec), of the State of São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP). The choice of the program to be evaluated was due to the enormou's importance of the intellectual property to the nation's economic development and the increasing need for the transformation of scientific knowledge into innovations for the productive sector. The work made the use of the decomposition approach of evaluation, which is based on two axes: the decomposition of the formal objectives of the programs and the dialog with the different actors involved. At the end, the results have shown the relevance of the program to support intellectual property and promotion of culture of patenting in the context of the research institutions of the state of São Paulo Mestrado Mestre em Política Científica e Tecnológica

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Коваленко, Я. А. "Методи оцінки ефективності інновацій: порівняльна характеристика". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/38207.

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В останній час інновації стали тією рушійною силою, що сприяє безперервності економічних змін в динамічному середовищі, сприяють підвищенню результативності функціонування суб’єктів діяльності на ринку. Для успішного розвитку будь-якого підприємства необхідною умовою виживання на ринку є наявність своєчасного та систематичного аналізу власної інноваційної діяльності. Адже не маючи відповідної інформації про рівень ефективності застосування певної модернізації не можливо правильно рухатися та будувати стратегічні плани.

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Керницька, М. І., та M. I. Kernytska. "Економічне оцінювання та управління інноваційними впровадженнями підприємств: дисертація". Thesis, Національний транспортний університет, 2009. http://dspace.lvduvs.edu.ua/handle/1234567890/668.

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Керницька М.І. Економічне оцінювання та управління інноваційними впровадженнями підприємств: дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата економічних наук за спеціальністю 08.00.04. – Економіка та управління підприємствами (автомобільний транспорт і дорожнє будівництво) / Керницька Марта Іванівна. - Київ: Національний транспортний університет, 2009. - 262 с. Дисертація присвячена проблематиці здійснення інноваційної діяльності вітчизняними підприємствами в умовах трансформаційних процесів в економіці. Дисертаційна робота включає ґрунтовне дослідження сучасного стану інноваційної діяльності українських підприємств, в тому числі і автобусобудівних, виокремлення проблем, з якими стикаються ці підприємства у процесі інноваційної діяльності і розроблення пропозицій їх вирішення. За результатами діяльності найбільших автобусобудівних підприємств України (ЗАТ «Завод комунального транспорту», ВАТ «Автомобільний завод «Богдан»», ЗАТ «Бориспільський автозавод») визначено напрямки інноваційних впроваджень і перспективи їх здійснення. Отримані результати використані для удосконалення процесу управління інноваційними впровадженнями підприємств з урахуванням потреб споживачів, для обґрунтування і розроблення методичних основ щодо оцінювання інтегрального ефекту інноваційних впроваджень на етапах виробництва та експлуатації з урахуванням їх споживчої корисності. Dissertation are devoted problems of realization of innovative activity the domestic enterprises in the conditions of transformation processes in an economy. Dissertation work includes the detailed research of the modern state of innovative activity of the Ukrainian enterprises, selection of problems into which these enterprises run in the process of innovative activity and the ways of their decision are offered. As a result of activity of most bus-building enterprises of Ukraine (joint-stock company «Factory of communal transport», joint-stock company the «Motor-car factory of «Bogdan»», joint-stock company «The Borispol car factory») certainly directions of innovative implementations and prospect of their realization. It is got results utillized for the improvement of process of management innovative implementations of enterprises taking into account the necessities of users, for a ground and development of methodical recommendations for the evaluation of integral effect of innovative implementations on the stages of production and exploitation taking into account their consumer utility.

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Bégel, Valentin. "Evaluation and training of rhythmic skills via new technologies." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONT4003/document.

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L’être humain est doté d’une grande capacité à traiter l’information temporelle, particulièrement visible dans notre tendance à bouger avec la pulsation de la musique. Cette pulsation est appelée beat. Les capacités rythmiques sont sous-tendues par un réseau neuronal complexe, incluant les régions auditives (cortex auditif, gyrus temporal supérieur), les régions motrices et pré-motrices (les ganglions de la base, les cortex moteur et pré-moteur) et les régions de coordination motrices (par ex., le cervelet). Lorsque ces régions sont affectées par des maladies neurologiques ou développementales, les capacités rythmiques peuvent être atteintes. C’est le cas dans la maladie de Parkinson ou la dyslexie par exemple. Les déficits de rythme sont associés à des déficits moteurs et cognitifs. Une autre forme de troubles du rythme est le cas des mauvais synchroniseurs (anglais « beat deaf »), des sujets sans troubles neurologiques qui ont des difficultés à se synchroniser et/ou à percevoir le rythme.Dans cette dissertation, deux questions sont posées. Tout d’abord, est-il possible d’étendre nos connaissances des différences inter-individuelles dans les capacités de rythme avec un outil systématique, de manière à mieux comprendre les mécanismes sous-tendant le traitement du rythme ? Ensuite, les capacités de rythme peuvent-elles être entraînées, avec de potentielles applications dans l’entraînement des domaines cognitifs et moteurs associés chez les patients atteints de troubles rythmiques ?Dans la première partie de la section expérimentale, j’ai utilisé la Battery for the Assessment of Auditory Sensorimotor and Timing Abilities (BAASTA) pour évaluer systématiquement et caractériser les capacités rythmiques perceptives et sensorimotrices des individus. Les résultats obtenus à certaines tâches corrèlent hautement avec d’autres, alors que certaines tâches sont totallement indépendantes les unes des autres. Cela révèle que la batterie peut distinguer les mécanismes en commun ou différents d’une tâche à l’autre. Dans une autre étude, 20 sujets sains adultes ont été soumis à la BAASTA à deux semaines d’intervalle. La performance dans la plupart des tâches reste stable en phase de re-test. Finalement, la BAASTA a été utilisée auprès de sujets beat deaf. J’ai montré que deux individus ont des difficultés dans la perception du rythme, par exemple dans une tâche consistant à estimer si un métronome est aligné au rythme de la musique (Beat Alignment Test, BAT) alors qu’ils peuvent se synchroniser avec les mêmes stimuli. Le fait que la synchronisation au beat puisse être fonctionnelle alors que la perception est déficitaire est reporté pour la première fois. De plus, les sujets beat deaf bénéficient comme les sujets contrôles de la régularité d’une séquence (timing implicite) dans une tâche dans laquelle le but est de répondre le plus rapidement possible à une cible après une séquence de sons standards.Dans la deuxième partie de la section expérimentale, je présente un jeu sérieux pour l’entraînement des capacités de rythme (Rhythm Workers) conçu durant la thèse. J’ai développé un protocole d’entraînement des capacités de rythme progressive et conduit une étude pilote sur 20 sujets qui ont joué pendant deux semaines. Les participants ont montré une bonne adhésion au jeu et une bonne motivation à jouer. Des résultats encourageants sur l’évolution des capacités rythmiques, testés avec la version de la BAT issue de la BAASTA avant et après l’entraînement, sont présentés.En résumé, dans cette dissertation, j’ai contribué au développement d’outils pour l’évaluation et l’entraînement des capacités de rythme. Cela a permis de conduire des études pour mieux comprendre les mécanismes de traitement du rythme et d’ouvrir la voie à l’utilisation de jeux de rythme dans la réhabilitation et la remédiation cognitive et motrice Humans are highly skilled in processing temporal information. This is particularly visible in our compelling sense of rhythm that manifests in our tendency to move to the beat of music. Deliberately or spontaneously, we have a tendency to clap our hands, tap our feet, or dance with music. These skills are sustained by a complex neuronal network involving auditory regions (auditory cortex, superior temporal gyrus), motor and pre-motor areas (basal ganglia, motor and pre-motor cortices), as well as motor coordination regions (e.g., the cerebellum). However, rhythm skills can be disrupted in neurological diseases like Parkinson’s disease or in neuro-developmental diseases such as dyslexia. Rhythm deficits are associated with movement and cognitive disorders. Another form of rhythm disability is beat deafness, a specific condition in which healthy individuals encounter particular difficulties in synchronizing to the beat.In this dissertation, I aim at addressing two questions. First, is it possible to extend our knowledge of inter-individual differences to rhythm skills in order to better understand mechanisms underlying rhythmic processing with a systematic tool? Second, can rhythm skills be trained in order to improve the associated motor and cognitive domains in patient populations revealing rhythm disorders?In the first part of the experimental section, I used the Battery for the Assessment of Auditory Sensorimotor and Timing Abilities (BAASTA) to systematically test and characterize subjects’ perceptual and sensorimotor timing skills. I found that the results of some tasks were highly correlated with the ones of other tasks and that, on the contrary, some tasks were totally independent from each other. This reveals that the battery can discriminate between tasks involving different and common mechanisms. In a further study, 20 healthy adults were submitted twice to BAASTA at a two-week interval. The performance in most of the tasks remained stable at retest. Finally, BAASTA was used in beat-deaf individuals. I showed that two individuals performed poorly on rhythm perception tasks, such as detecting or estimating whether a metronome is aligned to the beat of the music or not (Beat Alignment Test [BAT]). Yet, they could tap to the beat of the same stimuli. The fact that synchronization to a beat can occur in the presence of poor perception is reported for the first time in this study. On top of that, beat-deaf participants benefited similarly to controls from a regular temporal pattern (implicit timing) in a task in which they had to respond as fast as possible to a different target pitch after a sequence of standard tones.In the second part of the experimental section, I present a serious game for training rhythmic skills (Rhythm Workers) designed during the doctorate. I developed a progressive rhythm training protocol with stimuli varying in rhythmic difficulty. I conducted a proof-of-concept pilot study on 20 individuals who played the game for 15 days. Participants in the experimental groups showed high compliance and motivation in playing the game. Encouraging results were found on the evolution of their rhythmic skills, as tested with the BAT taken from BAASTA that was submitted to the participants before and after the training.In sum, in this dissertation contributed to the development of tools for the assessment and training of rhythmic skills. This enabled us to design studies to better understand rhythm processing mechanisms and to pave the way for the use of rhythm games in cognitive and motor remediation and rehabilitation

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Hattingh, Maria Jacoba. "Instrument to evaluate to which extent the operational support information system (OSIS) adds value to the South African Air Force (SAAF)." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2011.

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Thesis (MMil (Computer Information Systems))--University of Stellenbosch, 2005. Since the 1940s, the evaluation of information systems has been the topic of many authors’ research. When taking into account the amount of resources invested in an organisation’s information systems, especially in the present fiscal conditions, then the evaluation of an information system’s success is imperative. Traditionally, monetarybased evaluation measures were used to evaluate the success of an information system, however, these types of measures were found to be inadequate in their attempt to measure the complexity of information systems successfully. Surrogate measures, such as the user’s satisfaction with the information system, were developed to replace monetary-based evaluation measures. These forms of measures are often perceptual by nature and usually encompass the different stakeholders involved in the information system.

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Campbell, Bruce G. "Diffusion of Innovations of Videoconference Technology: An Instrumental Case Study Concerning Undergraduate Degree-Seeking Nontraditional Learners." Thesis, NSUWorks, 2015. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/fse_etd/5.

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This applied dissertation is an instrumental case study based on diffusion of innovations theory designed to gather student opinions regarding videoconference (VC) technology use in facilitating courses to undergraduate degree-seeking nursing students. The author of diffusion of innovations theory, Rogers (2003), recommended that more qualitative studies be conducted in education. Rogers and Jain (1968) recommended these studies should be conducted from the aspect of “receivers of innovation diffusion” (p.1) to provide feedback instrumental to implementation of technological innovations in academe. Further, Rogers stated that multiple data points should be used during the process of trialing an innovation. Therefore, a current VC course was selected from the nursing curriculum of a public state college hosting one of the largest nursing programs in the southeastern United States in which to conduct the study. A total of 32 students participated divided equally between two sites: Main campus and Regional campus. Further divided, 22 personal interviews were conducted and two focus groups; one for each campus consisting 5 students each. Additionally, included in the data corpus were 40 hours of classroom observation plus, college provided end of course (EOC) summary statements. These data were triangulated to determine whether students would accept VC technology unchanged, accept with modifications, or reject VC technology based on first time exposure to the innovation during the 16-week semester. Student innovation decisions were: 6 students accepted unchanged, 14 students accepted with modifications, and 12 students rejected the innovation. Students who rejected the innovation were exclusively from the regional campus, which was the receiving site the majority of the semester. First and second-cycle analyses yielded 67 codes resulting in 5 categories, which further developed into 3 emerging themes: (a) Interaction with instructors, materials, and distant students are key elements affecting adoption decisions of students regarding VC technology; (b) Student adoption decisions are influenced by faculty members in their use of VC technology; and (c) Student opinions indicate that reinvention is necessary for VC technology to be fully adopted into the present nursing program. The five categories: Interaction, equipment, teaching methodology, instructor technology training, and student orientation provided ample detail from which to inform practice regarding recommendations for reinvention (modification) of VC technology during the implementation stage of Rogers’ five stages of the innovation-decision model. These modifications could assist the college in gaining parity between the two nursing sites, which reported an 18.53 percentage point difference in first time pass rates on the NCLEX-RN exam reported by the Florida Department of Health (Florida Health, 2015).

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Martelli, Nicolas. "Evaluation des dispositifs médicaux innovants dans les CHU en vue de leur acquisition : état des lieux et élaboration d’un outil d’aide à la décision." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA114802/document.

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Les dispositifs médicaux (DM) innovants offrent sans cesse de nouvelles options thérapeutiques et diagnostiques et contribuent à améliorer la prise en charge des malades à l’hôpital. Toutefois, ces innovations, potentiellement onéreuses, ne disposent pas toujours de données probantes garantissant leur efficience. Par conséquent, pour guider le choix des décideurs hospitaliers, une évaluation à l’échelle de l’hôpital est souvent nécessaire afin de lever le maximum d’incertitudes avant leur acquisition. Cette démarche, appelée évaluation des technologies de santé (ETS) en milieu hospitalier, s’est beaucoup développée à l’étranger, mais reste méconnue en France. A travers notre travail, nous avons montré que les CHU français proposaient des modèles d’organisation pour l’évaluation des DM innovants tout à fait comparables à ceux rencontrés dans d’autres pays. Parmi les modèles d’ETS en milieu hospitalier, la mini-ETS semble être le plus généralisable et pourrait concourir à l’harmonisation des pratiques entre CHU. Ce modèle en plein essor existe sous de multiples formes dans le monde. La confrontation des critères d’évaluation identifiés dans les modèles assimilables à la mini-ETS à ceux utilisés dans les CHU français nous a permis d’isoler 26 critères d’évaluation d’intérêt pour l’évaluation des DM innovants. Enfin, nous avons élaboré puis testé, en situation réelle, un outil d’aide multicritère à la décision dérivé des précédents critères identifiés Innovative medical devices offer solutions to medical problems. However, medical devices arriving on the European market have generally little evidence about efficiency. To manage the uncertainty surrounding the introduction of innovative medical devices, hospitals and university hospitals have developed worldwide hospital-based health technology assessment (HTA) processes to guide the selection of expensive and innovative products. Nevertheless, little is known about hospital-based HTA activities in France. We demonstrated that French models of hospital-based HTA are comparable to those found elsewhere and presented sometimes a combination of several HTA models. We also underlined that a mini-HTA like model could easily be applied to French university hospitals. Mini-HTA has become widespread in many different forms across the world. We compared criteria of different mini-HTA forms to criteria used in French university hospitals and identified 26 relevant criteria to assess innovative medical devices. Finally, we developed and tested in real conditions a multiple-criteria decision tool derived from these 26 criteria

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Dissertationen zum Thema „Evaluation of innovations“

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