Thematische Bibliographien / Ethiopian Folk literature

Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Ethiopian Folk literature“

Autor: Grafiati
Veröffentlicht am 25. Juli 2024
Zuletzt aktualisiert am 26. Juli 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Ethiopian Folk literature"

1

Hailu Habtu. „Encounter: An Ethiopian Literary Wit and British Working Class Folk“. Callaloo 33, Nr. 1 (2010): 191–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cal.0.0594.

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2

Yewhalaw, D., S. Hamels, Y. Getachew, P. R. Torgerson, M. Anagnostou, W. Legesse, H. Kloos, L. Duchateau und N. Speybroeck. „Water resource developments in Ethiopia: potential benefits and negative impacts on the environment, vector-borne diseases, and food security“. Environmental Reviews 22, Nr. 4 (Dezember 2014): 364–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/er-2013-0076.

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To satisfy the growing demand for electricity, Ethiopia plans to increase its electricity production five-fold between 2010 and 2015, mainly through the construction of dams. A literature review shows that while dams can boost power and agricultural production, promote economic development, and facilitate flood control, they can also lead to environmental, ecological, and socioeconomic changes. Several case studies show that dams may alter the composition and density of vectors and intermediate host species, increase the incidence of malaria schistosomiasis and possibly lymphatic filariasis, and lead to eutrophication of reservoirs, soil erosion, and earthquakes. There is evidence that dams and commercial irrigation schemes can increase soil and water degradation, vulnerability to drought, and food insecurity in riverine and lacustrine areas downstream of dams. It appears that dams in Ethiopia are also vulnerable to high soil erosion rates and earthquakes. Consequently, the current and proposed large-scale dam construction program in Ethiopia requires in-depth research to improve our understanding of the unintended negative effects of projects and to guide the location, design, and implementation of appropriate preventive and remedial programs.
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3

C, Ahuja, S., Siddharth Ahuja und Uma Ahuja. „Carissa carrandas L. and C. spinarum L. – Ignored Nutraceutical Fruits“. Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences 12, Nr. 06 (04.07.2024): 121–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2024.v12i06.002.

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Carissas (C. carandas and C. spinarum) are natives of India. Duo is evergreen, hard, diffuse and spiny shrub that being highly drought-resistant grows well in semiarid and arid areas, may serve as a wind break and protective hedge. The plants offer multifarious uses in landslide protection and as a live fence, food (direct and processed, beverages, wine, salad, vegetable, jam), fodder, timber, fuel, wood, a green source of dye and diesel, and of sacred value and sorcery. Unripe fruits are used in pickling while ripe ones are edible. People in various states of India, Bangladesh, Myanmar and Pakistan, Kenya, Ethiopia, Senegal and West and South African countries eat raw fruit. Fruit also serves as a spice and a condiment. Known as Karonda (in vernacular language) duo has been used as a folk, veterinary and traditional medicine in the Ayurvedic, Unani, Homeopathic and Chinese and Thai systems. Additionally, duo serves as nutraceutical being rich in iron and vitamins. C. carandas finds place in historical accounts, Ayurvedic and culinary treatises as well in literature and folklore. The multifarious uses of C. spinarum in traditional medicine has earned it epithet as ‘magic tree’ in East Africa. The present paper reviews the history, distribution, folklore, uses as food, forage, feed, folk medicine, and the pharmaceutical, therapeutic, cultural, ecological and nutritional value of Karandas.
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4

Eyana, Shiferaw Muleta, Enno Masurel und Leo J. Paas. „Discovery behaviour and creation behaviour of Ethiopian entrepreneurs: the implications for the performance of their small tourism firms“. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 27, Nr. 6 (04.09.2020): 865–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsbed-04-2019-0108.

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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to assess the effects of discovery and creation behaviour in opportunity identification on firm performance in a developing country context. By doing so, the study adds new knowledge and insights in researching the entrepreneurial behaviour types at the start-up phase and their eventual effects on firm performance.Design/methodology/approachThe study was conducted amongst Ethiopian tour operators (n = 118), which are formally established small tourism firms. A survey questionnaire, which is the main data gathering tool in this study, was prepared based on a distinction between discovery and creation behaviour with regard to the seven entrepreneurial actions described by Alvarez and Barney (2007). Hence, 14 multiple-item measurement scales were derived to define the entrepreneurial behaviour types. Firm performance was measured using four indicators. A regression analysis was conducted to predict the effect of entrepreneurial behaviour at the start-up phase on firm performance.FindingsThe findings of this study provide consistent support for the hypothesis that tour-operating firms in Ethiopia founded through creation behaviour instead of discovery behaviour are performing better in terms of sales, employment, profit and asset size change.Research limitations/implicationsThe theoretical contribution of this study is two-fold. First, it provides a scale for measuring the extent to which discovery and/or creation opportunity identification played a role in the start-up phase of the business. Second, the study assesses the effects of discovery behaviour and creation behaviour in opportunity identification on firm performance in a developing country context.Originality/valueThe entrepreneurs' behaviour through which they identify and pursue new opportunities may have a considerable effect on the subsequent performance of their newly established firms. It is, therefore, important to understand effects, which result from differences in entrepreneurs' behaviour at the start-up phase, in terms of outcomes such as firm performance among small businesses. Nonetheless, there is little empirical research conducted in this regard, particularly in the context of developing countries. This study contributes to the literature of entrepreneurship by applying entrepreneurial behaviour types, i.e. discovery and creation, as determinants of small firms' performance in a developing country context. Furthermore, it is one of the few studies concentrating on formal instead of informal operations in an African context.
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Belachew, Kiflemariam Yehuala, Ndegwa Henry Maina, Waga Mazengia Dersseh, Bantalem Zeleke und Frederick L. Stoddard. „Yield Gaps of Major Cereal and Grain Legume Crops in Ethiopia: A Review“. Agronomy 12, Nr. 10 (17.10.2022): 2528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12102528.

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In Ethiopia, smallholder farmers are responsible for most food production. Though yield levels in grain crops have improved greatly over the years, they are still much lower than their potential. The source of yield improvements and the causes of those yield gaps are not well understood. To explain the drivers of yield gaps and current sources of yield improvements in four major cereals (teff, maize, wheat, and sorghum) and three grain legumes (faba bean, common bean, and soybean), we accessed the databases of the Global Yield Gap Atlas, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, and the Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia. Refereed journal articles and grey literature were sought in online databases using keywords. The results showed large increases in production of grain crops with little or no increase in areas of production. The yield increases were primarily attributed to genetic gain rather than agronomic improvements. Farmers’ yields remain far lower than those from on-farm trials and on-station trials and the calculated water-limited yield potential. Currently, yields of wheat, maize, sorghum, and common bean in Ethiopia are about 26.8, 19.7, 29.3, and 35.5% of their water-limited yield potentials. Significant portions of the yield gaps stem from low adoption and use of improved varieties, low application of inputs, continual usage of un-optimized crop management practices, and uncontrolled biotic and abiotic stresses. Proper application of fertilizers and use of improved varieties increase yield by 2 to 3 fold and 24–160%, respectively. Cereal-legume intercropping and crop rotation practices increase yield while reducing severity of pests and the need for application of synthetic fertilizers. In contrast, abiotic stresses cause yield reductions of 20–100%. Hence, dissection of the water-limited yield gap in terms of technology, resource, and efficiency yield gaps will allow the prioritization of the most effective intervention areas.
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Park, Yuem, Nicholas L. Swanson-Hysell, Scott A. MacLennan, Adam C. Maloof, Mulubrhan Gebreslassie, Marissa M. Tremblay, Blair Schoene et al. „The lead-up to the Sturtian Snowball Earth: Neoproterozoic chemostratigraphy time-calibrated by the Tambien Group of Ethiopia“. GSA Bulletin 132, Nr. 5-6 (17.10.2019): 1119–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/b35178.1.

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Abstract The Tonian-Cryogenian Tambien Group of northern Ethiopia is a mixed carbonate-siliciclastic sequence that culminates in glacial deposits associated with the first of the Cryogenian glaciations—the Sturtian “Snowball Earth.” Tambien Group deposition occurred atop arc volcanics and volcaniclastics of the Tsaliet Group. New U-Pb isotope dilution–thermal ionization mass spectrometry (ID-TIMS) dates demonstrate that the transition between the Tsaliet and Tambien Groups occurred at ca. 820 Ma in western exposures and ca. 795 Ma in eastern exposures, which is consistent with west to east arc migration and deposition in an evolving back-arc basin. The presence of intercalated tuffs suitable for high-precision geochronology within the Tambien Group enable temporal constraints on stratigraphic data sets of the interval preceding, and leading into, the Sturtian glaciation. Recently discovered exposures of Sturtian glacial deposits and underlying Tambien Group strata in the Samre Fold-Thrust Belt present the opportunity to further utilize this unique association of tuffs and carbonate lithofacies. U-Pb ID-TIMS ages from zircons indicate that Tambien Group carbonates were deposited from ca. 820 Ma until 0–2 m.y. before the onset of the Sturtian glaciation, making the group host to a relatively complete carbonate stratigraphy leading into this glaciation. New δ13C and 87Sr/86Sr data and U-Pb ID-TIMS ages from the Tambien Group are used in conjunction with previously published isotopic and geochronologic data to construct newly time-calibrated composite Tonian carbon and strontium isotope curves. Tambien Group δ13C data and U-Pb ID-TIMS ages reveal that a pre-Sturtian sharp negative δ13C excursion (referred to as the Islay anomaly in the literature) precedes the Sturtian glaciation by ∼18 m.y., is synchronous in at least two separate basins, and is followed by a prolonged interval of positive δ13C values. The composite Tonian 87Sr/86Sr curve shows that, following an extended interval of low and relatively invariant values, inferred seawater 87Sr/86Sr rose ca. 880–770 Ma, then subsequently decreased leading up to the ca. 717 Ma initiation of the Sturtian glaciation. These data, when combined with a simple global weathering model and analyses of the timing and paleolatitude of large igneous province eruptions and arc accretion events, suggest that the 87Sr/86Sr increase was influenced by increased subaerial weathering of radiogenic lithologies as Rodinia rifted apart at low latitudes. The following 87Sr/86Sr decrease is consistent with enhanced subaerial weathering of arc lithologies accreting in the tropics over tens of millions of years, lowering pCO2 and contributing to the initiation of the Sturtian glaciation.
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A*, Nigussie. „Ethnobotanical Studies on Traditional Medicinal Plants Used in the Treatment of Humans’ Skin Diseases in Ethiopia: A Review“. Clinical Dermatology Open Access Journal 9, Nr. 1 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/cdoaj-16000322.

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The ethnobotanical literature review explores the use of medicinal plants in treating skin diseases in Ethiopia, assessing gaps in accessible research papers. 18 scientific papers, including M.Sc. theses, journals, electrons, and proceeding, highlight the safety and cost-effectiveness of these plants. In this ethnomedicinal literature review, a total of “233” species belonging to 71 families under 170 genera were selected from different regions of the country. Taxa commonly used for the treatment of skin disease belong to six families such as Asteraceae (19), Fabaceae (17), Solanaceae (15), Euphorbiaceae (14), Lamiaceae (11) and Malvaceae (10, each) in number of species. Herbs formed a major component (43%), while shrubs, trees, and climbers constitute 32%, 16%, and 9%, respectively. Plant species cure various skin diseases such as dandruff, eczema, skin rash, scabies, inflammation, cuts, wounds, boils, itching, sores, and swellings. The most frequently used plant parts for the preparation of remedies were leaves, followed by roots and/or leaves. Traditional folk medicines hold the heritage of community acceptance because they are derived from indigenous knowledge and skills that also involve theories, beliefs, and experiences. In this review, the current literature on ethnomedicinal plants is summarized, along with a listing of the medicinal plants used for common skin ailments. Based on the reviewed papers, the main threats to medicinal plants in the country were overgrazing, agricultural expansion, firewood, drought, and construction. Thus, the review paper concludes by providing recommendations regarding the scenarios of research in the country.
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Yifru Berhan und Tadesse Urgie. „A Literature Review of Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorder: The Place of Expectant Management in Ethiopian Setup“. Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences 30, Nr. 2 (01.03.2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v30i2.16.

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In the last three to four decades, the increasing caesarean delivery rate has contributed to several fold increment in the incidence of placenta accreta spectrum disorders globally. Placenta accreta spectrum with its subtypes (accreta, increta and percreta) is one of the devastating obstetric complications. As a result, it is the commonest indication for peripartum hysterectomy and common cause of severe maternal morbidity. However, in recent years, there is a growing interest in and practice of expectant management either to minimize emergency hysterectomy related maternal complications or to preserve the fertility potential of a woman with an intact uterus. A large body of observational research findings has demonstrated the success rate of expectant management in many of well selected cases. Similarly, the experience on delayed hysterectomy was encouraging in order to have less hemorrhage. For the best success of placenta accreta spectrum management, multidisciplinary team approach, antenatal diagnosis and managing such cases in a hospital with center of excellence has been strongly recommended. This literature review provides a robust synthesis of up-to-date knowledge and practice on the challenges and successes of placenta accreta spectrum disorders management. The currently practiced management options in the high and middle income countries are also summarized under seven categories. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to shed light on the applicability of the PAS disorder management modalities in our setup.
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Haile, Getatchew. „A Short Apocalyptic Text Based on the Prophecy of Ezra (Esdras Salathiel)“. Aethiopica 21 (17.04.2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.15460/aethiopica.21.0.1166.

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The main themes of the text, occasionally ascribed to Ezra (Salathiel), are the Second Coming of Jesus Christ, the end of the world, the future rulers of Ethiopia, and the honouring of the Sabbaths. It is cast in the spirit of 4 Ezra, quoting it and Jubilees occasionally and extensively. As in 4 Ezra, its author is interested in knowing and declaring the future to call the faithful to observe the law and the ordinances. Reckoning the time by cycles, aqmar, provides him the revelation of future events ‘with exact dates’. The text, composed before the sixteenth century, is one more source of Gǝʿǝz apocalyptic literature. The article is an edition and translation of it as preserved in EMML 6429, fols 9v–39r.
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Bücher zum Thema "Ethiopian Folk literature"

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Tekleab, Kebedech, Hrsg. Ethiopian folktales. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Shama Books, 2010.

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2

Milo, Haya. Neshiḳah shel zahav: 38 sipure ʻam mi-pi Yehudim yotsʼe Etyopyah be-Yiśraʼel = Golden kiss : thirty-eight folk tales told by Ethiopian Jews in Israel. Ḥefah: Arkhiyon ha-sipur ha-ʻamami be-Yiśraʼel ʻa. sh. Dov Noi, ha-Faḳulṭah le-madʻe-ha-ruaḥ, Universiṭat Ḥefah, 2019.

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3

Floyd, Cooper, Hrsg. Almaz and the lion. London: Puffin, 1998.

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4

ʼAzaza, Faqāda. Unheard voices: Drought, famine, and God in Ethiopian oral poetry. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Addis Ababa University Press, 1998.

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5

Negash, Ghirmai. A h istory of Tigrinya literature in Eritrea: The oral and the written 1890-1991. Leiden: Research School of Asian, African and Amerindian Studies (CNWS), Universiteit Leiden, 1999.

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Negash, Ghirmai. A history of Tigrinya literature in Eritrea: The oral and the written 1890-1991. Trenton, NJ: Red Sea Press, 2009.

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7

Negash, Ghirmai. A history of Tigrinya literature in Eritrea: The oral and the written, 1890-1991. Leiden: Research School of Asian, African and Amerindian Studies (CNWS), Universiteit Leiden, 1999.

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Tolesa, Addisu. Geerarsa folksong as the Oromo national literature: A study of ethnography, folklore, and folklife in the context of the Ethiopian colonization of Oromia. Lewiston, N.Y: Mellen Press, 1999.

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9

Gelaye, Getie. Peasants and the Ethiopian state: Agricultural producers' cooperatives and their reflections in Amharic oral poetry ; a case study in Yetnora, East Gojjam, 1975-1991. Hamburg: Lit, 2000.

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Diop, Samba. The oral history and literature of the Wolof people of Waalo, northern Senegal: The master of the word (griot) in the Wolof tradition. Lewiston, N.Y: E. Mellen Press, 1995.

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