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1

Zhang, Duo, and Xin Gao. "The Performance of Tensile Properties of ETFE Membranes at Different Temperatures." Advanced Materials Research 374-377 (October 2011): 1800–1804. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.374-377.1800.

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The tensile test specimens of ETFE (ethylene - tetrafluoroethylene copolymer) membrane have been done at 7 temperatures. It is obtained corresponding stress - strain tensile curve, tensile strength and breaking elongation. Through experiments, it is given the tensile curves at different temperatures to determine turning points on the two rigid method, which has been a turning point corresponding to the yield stress and strain; and it is given ETFE calculation of elastic modulus by tensile curve calculate the tangent modulus, secant modulus, elastic modulus of the second and third; through nume
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2

Lee, Seung Jae, and Su Deok Shon. "Tensile Strength Characteristics on ETFE Film for Membrane Roof System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 365-366 (August 2013): 1106–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.365-366.1106.

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ETFE is the abbreviation of Ethylen Tetra Fluoro Etylene, a sort of colorless and transparent granules. The advantage ETFE film has daylight transmission and chemical resistance, the aging resistance and lightweight. The thickness of ETFE film is used to from 50μm to 300μm and tensile strength of ETFE film changes from 40MPa to 60MPa and the tensile strain at break can get to about 300-400%. In this paper, ETFE film carried out the tensile proprieties, such as the tensile strain at break, the tensile strength are examined.
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3

Wang, Xiaofeng, Zhuoran Li, and Qingshan Yang. "Numerical Studies on the Air–Membrane Interaction of ETFE Cushions." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 21, no. 05 (2021): 2150071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455421500711.

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Inflated membranes are popularly used in civil and aerospace engineering. They are flexible and their behaviors are featured by the interaction between the inner air pressure and deformation of the enveloping membrane (air–membrane interaction) which has not yet received attention in the literature. This paper aims at studying the air–membrane interaction and its influence on the static and dynamic properties of an inflated membrane by numerically analyzing a square ETFE (ethylene–tetrafluoroethylene) cushion. To account for the air–membrane interaction, the inner air was regarded as a linear
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4

Yan, Xiaoshan, Zuohui Ji, Xiaopeng Li, et al. "Surface Modification of Poly(ethylene-alt-tetrafluoroethylene) by Atmospheric Pressure Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma." Polymers 17, no. 11 (2025): 1519. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17111519.

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The fluororesin membrane emerges as an ideal chemical-protective clothing material due to its excellent permeation resistance. However, using a fluororesin membrane with a low surface energy for compounding fabrics is very challenging. Herein, we demonstrate a strategy to modify the surface of a poly(ethylene-alt-tetrafluoroethylene) (ETFE) membrane by the atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) of plasma under different working voltages, processing times, and concentrations of acrylic acid (AA) in a helium (He) atmosphere. The increase in the hydrophilicity of the ETFE membran
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5

Ji, Zuohui, Yue Zhao, Min Zhang, Xiaopeng Li, and Heguo Li. "Surface Modification of ETFE Membrane and PTFE Membrane by Atmospheric DBD Plasma." Membranes 12, no. 5 (2022): 510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12050510.

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Fluorine resin membranes with excellent chemical resistance have great potential for the application of high-performance chemical protective clothing. However, it is difficult to integrate fluorine resins into other materials such as fabrics due to their lower surface energy and poor bondability, making the fabrication of composite fabrics and the further seal splicing challenging. In this study, atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma in helium (He) and helium/acrylic acid (He/AA) mixture atmospheres were used to modify two kinds of fluorine resins, ethylene tetrafluoro
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6

Zhang, Mingyue, Yingying Zhang, Guangchun Zhou, and Hanyin Li. "Essential Design Strength and Unified Strength Condition of ETFE Membrane Material." Polymers 14, no. 23 (2022): 5166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14235166.

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This study proposes essential design strength and unified strength condition for ETFE membrane materials based on the structural state-of-stress theory and formula of strength. Firstly, the tested strain data of the uniaxial rectangle-shaped specimen are modeled to obtain its state-of-stress characteristic parameter. Then, the characteristic points in the evolution curve of the characteristic parameter are detected by the cluster analysis (CA) criterion. The characteristic points are the embodiment of the natural law from quantitative change to qualitative change of a system, which define the
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7

OVSYANNIKOV, S. N., and V. N. OKOLICHNYI. "POWER TESTING OF ETFE FILM." Building and reconstruction 103, no. 5 (2022): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/2073-7416-2022-103-5-3-12.

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Studies of mechanical properties of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) film they are relevant for wide application in the construction of translucent coatings in the climatic conditions of Russia, especially in the Arctic zone. Power tests were performed for a film with a thickness of 250 microns on an INSTRON bursting machine, as well as with a uniformly distributed load at positive and negative temperatures. The initial modulus of elasticity according to GOST 34370-2017 was established, which was 1090 MPa. Three loading stages have been identified for the calculations of translucent coating
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8

Fang, Jun, Chang Ming Zhang, and Yi Xu Yang. "Preparation and Characterization of Polymer Electrolyte Membranes by Radiation Grafted Copolymerization." Advanced Materials Research 485 (February 2012): 110–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.485.110.

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Novel anion exchange membranes were synthesized by grafted copolymerization of 1-vinylimidazole onto pre-irradiated ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE) film, followed by quaternization and alkalization. The structure of the membranes was studied by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). The physicochemical and electrochemical properties of the membranes were also characterized. The ionic conductivity of the synthesized membrane is 0.03 S/cm at 30°C. This result indicates that the membrane is suitable polymer electrolyte membrane and so may find potential applications in alkaline membran
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9

Saarinen, V., M. Karesoja, T. Kallio, M. Paronen, and K. Kontturi. "Characterization of the novel ETFE-based membrane." Journal of Membrane Science 280, no. 1-2 (2006): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2005.12.064.

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10

Li, Peng, and Qing Shan Yang. "Form Finding and Loading Analysis of ETFE Cushions Using Interaction Numerical Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 438-439 (October 2013): 1812–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.438-439.1812.

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The enclosed air plays a significant role in form-finding and loading analysis of ETFE cushions. A new numerical model of ETFE cushions is proposed in order to consider the interaction effects between outer membrane and internal air. Then the form-finding and loading analysis of a regular hexagon ETFE cushion are performed and compared with experimental study. It is shown that the numerical results are in good agreement with the test results. The interaction FE model can be used in static analysis of ETFE cushions.
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11

Zhao, Yue, Kimio Yoshimura, Akihiro Hiroki, Aurel Radulescu, and Yasunari Maekawa. "Neutron scattering study on the structure-property relationship of radiation-grafted proton exchange membranes." EPJ Web of Conferences 286 (2023): 04003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202328604003.

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The partial scattering function (PSF) analysis through the contrast variation small-angle neutron scattering technique was used to determine the exact structure of the hydrated radiation-grafted protonexchange membranes, made of poly(styrene sulfonic acid)-grafted poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene) (ETFE-g-PSSA) with a high ion exchange capacity of 2.5 mmol/g. The membrane was treated as a threecomponent system composed of ETFE base polymer, PSSA graft polymer, and absorbed water. The analysis on PSF self-terms gave the exact structure of individual components and that on PSF cross-terms ex
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12

Dinh, Tran Trong Hieu, Hoang Hao Lam, Thanh Danh Tran, et al. "Study on the mechanism of graft polymerization and sulfonation of proton exchange membranes for fuel cell." Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam 64, no. 6 (2022): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31276/vjst.64(6).07-13.

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Poly (styrenesulfonic acid)-grafted poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene) polymer electrolyte membrane (ETFE-PEM) applied for fuel cells was prepared by radiation induced-grafting using gamma-ray from 60Co source based on three steps (i) irradiation, (ii) polystyrene-graftedpoly(ethylene-alt-tetrafluoroethylene) (PS-g-ETFE), and (iii) sulfonation (ETFE-PEM). Mechanism of grafting and sulfonation of ETFE-PEM with grafting degree of 22% and sulfonation degree of 93% was revealed by solid 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (solid 13C NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and field em
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13

Kim, Young-Ho, and Jae-Yeol Kim. "Material Properties of ETFE Membrane under Various Temperature." Journal of the Korean Association for Spatial Structures 11, no. 3 (2011): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.9712/kass.2011.11.3.115.

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14

Wang, Xiaofeng, Xujing Cao, and Qingshan Yang. "Effect of Wrinkling on the Bearing Capacity of Inflated ETFE Membranes." Journal of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures 65, no. 1 (2024): 57–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.20898/j.iass.2024.003.

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Inflated membranes are flexible structures and very sensitive to wind load. Wrinkling deformation of the enveloping membrane can further intensify the trend of wind-induced damage. This paper aims at studying the effect of wrinkling deformation on the bearing capacity of inflated membranes under wind. The wrinkling model based on the stability theory of plates and shells is adopted to consider the effect of wrinkling deformation. The air-membrane interaction is also included by treating the internal air as a kind of potential-based fluid. The wind load is simplified as a uniformly distributed
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15

Zalesova, Р. S., and N. Р. Nikitina. "INNOVATIVE POLYMER MATERIALS - IDENTIFYING THE PROBLEM IN A SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY." Russian Journal of Construction Science and Technology 8, no. 1 (2022): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/rjcst.2022.1.004.

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The use of innovative building materials is a topical issue in modem construction. A sociological survey was conducted on the objectives of the study. The use of ETFE films is based both on the possibility of implementing almost any ideas of designers and architects in the design of facades and roofs of various structures, and on the specific features of this fluoropolymer. The characteristics are presented and the advantages of this polymeric material are substantiated. Innovation in construction is an innovation that provides a qualitative increase in the efficiency of the processes of erect
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16

Zu, Jian Hua, Min Xia, Fu Xia Shi, and Rui Qin Liu. "Cation-Exchange Membranes Prepared by Pre-Irradiation Grafting of Acrylic Acid and Sodium Styrene Sulfonate onto ETFE Membranes." Advanced Materials Research 399-401 (November 2011): 1111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.399-401.1111.

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Poly (ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene) (ETFE) membranes were irradiated by electron beams and then acrylic acid (AA) and sodium styrene sulfonate (SSS) were grafted onto the membranes, in an attempt to prepare cation exchange membranes containing -COOH and -SO3Na groups. The grafting yield was found to be strongly dependent on the synthesis condition such as irradiation dose, co-monomer composition. Infrared spectroscopy of the grafted membrane confirmed the existence of sulfonate and carboxylic acid groups. The membrane resistance decreases with the increasing of grafting yield
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17

Wang, Lianqin, Jethro J. Brink, and John R. Varcoe. "The first anion-exchange membrane fuel cell to exceed 1 W cm−2 at 70 °C with a non-Pt-group (O2) cathode." Chem. Commun. 53, no. 86 (2017): 11771–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cc06392j.

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18

Tang, Haida, Chunying Li, and Jianhua Ding. "Field study of indoor environment quality in an open atrium with ETFE membrane in a healthcare facility." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 02035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911102035.

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The hospital street is widely utilized in the modern health care facilities as a main traffic streamline to connecting all of the outpatient rooms and treatment departments for easy access. This study investigate the indoor environment quality of a typical hospital street, i.e., a high space atrium with ETFE membrane structure in the top. The investigation combines the on-site measurement and subjective survey. The results indicates that the indoor air temperature in the atrium reaches up to 32.6oC in a summer day causing thermal discomfort according to ASHRAE 55. The CO2, PM2.5, TVOC concentr
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19

Wang, Yu, Jiajun Gu, Xin Zhang, Jian Fan, Wenbin Ji, and Chuang Feng. "A Numerical Study of Dynamic Behaviors of Graphene-Platelet-Reinforced ETFE Tensile Membrane Structures Subjected to Harmonic Excitation." Buildings 14, no. 11 (2024): 3597. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14113597.

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This study presents a numerical investigation of the dynamic behavior of graphene platelet (GPL)-reinforced ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) tensile membrane structures subjected to harmonic excitation. Modal and harmonic response analyses were performed to assess both the natural frequencies and the dynamic responses of the ETFE membrane. GPLs were employed as the reinforcements to enhance the mechanical properties of the membrane materials, whose Young’s modulus was predicted through the effective medium theory (EMT). Parametric studies were conducted to examine the impact of pre-strain a
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20

Saarinen, V., T. Kallio, M. Paronen, P. Tikkanen, E. Rauhala, and K. Kontturi. "New ETFE-based membrane for direct methanol fuel cell." Electrochimica Acta 50, no. 16-17 (2005): 3453–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2004.12.022.

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21

Zu, Jianhua, Fangdong Tang, Linfeng He, and Lingxiao Fu. "Facile synthesis and properties of a cation exchange membrane with bifunctional groups prepared by pre-irradiation graft copolymerization." RSC Advances 8, no. 46 (2018): 25966–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra03472a.

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22

Tran, Tap Duy, Khiem Duy Do, Nguyen Ly La, and Tuyet Anh Luu. "Study on the structure of polymer electrolyte membrane using small angle X-ray scattering and positron annihilation spectroscopy." Science and Technology Development Journal - Natural Sciences 1, no. 6 (2018): 197–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjns.v1i6.630.

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The structure of poly (styrenesulfonic acid)- grafted poly(ethylene-co- tetrafluoroethylene) polymer electrolyte membrane (ETFE-PEM) was investigated by comparison with those of precursor original ETFE film and styrene-grafted films (grafted-ETFE) using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) and small angle Xray scattering (SAXS). PALS of these samples indicated that there were two lifetime components, which were assigned to the annihilation of ortho- Positronium (o-Ps). The two types of o-Ps relate to the free volume at sub nanoscale locating in the crystalline and amorphous phase
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23

Gao, Chang Zheng, and Hong Wei Lu. "The "ETFE" Material Application in the Subway Station Entrance Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (July 2014): 360–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.360.

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The paper first analysis a part of the existing subway station entrance of the form, and then combined with the Zhengzhou University (South) design of the subway station entrance, explores new forms of the subway station entrance to ETFE materials based on, and introduces some applications of new forms of expression effect and modular in the design of this kind of practice, not only for the subway station entrance to create new forms, but also the "ETFE" membrane using a good try in a small building, promote the new development of this kind of materials.
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Coelho, Marianna, and Deane Roehl. "A finite–strain elastoplasticity material model for ETFE membrane structures." Computers & Structures 217 (June 2019): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2019.03.007.

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25

Sultana, Shahnaz, Nazia Rahman, Md Nabul Sardar, and A. K. M. Akther Hossain. "Preparation of a Novel Proton Exchange Membrane Using Radiation Grafted ETFE Film for Fuel Cell." Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology 27, no. 3 (2023): 81–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/amst.v27n3.276.

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For many different applications, functional polymeric materials are extremely important in electrochemical reactions. The development of polymer electrolytes, such as those used in fuel cells, depends heavily on these functional materials. One of the most significant sources of power for applications in numerous industries is provided by fuel cells. In this study, a proton exchange membrane (PEM) was developed using ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) film with binary blends of acrylic acid (AA) and sodium styrene sulfonate (SSS), while NaCl served as an additive. As the monomer concentration
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26

Stimpfle, Bernd. "Einkaufscenter Titan Dome, Bogotá, Kolumbien/Shopping Mall Titan Dome, Bogotá, Columbia." Bauingenieur 90, no. 10 (2015): 463–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/0005-6650-2015-10-53.

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In großen Einkaufszentren entstehen platzartige Aufenthaltsräume. Transparente oder transluzente Hüllen erzeugen eine angenehme Atmosphäre für Besucher. Dieser Artikel beschreibt eine Anwendung mit ETFE-Folie und PTFE-Glas Membrane, um solch eine Hülle zu erzeugen.
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27

Wang, Yu, Jiajun Gu, Xin Zhang, Jian Fan, Wenbin Ji, and Chuang Feng. "Numerical Analysis on Static Performances of Graphene Platelet-Reinforced Ethylene-Tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) Composite Membrane Under Wind Loading." Journal of Composites Science 8, no. 11 (2024): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs8110478.

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This study examines the static performances of a graphene platelet (GPL)-reinforced ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) composite membrane under wind loadings. The wind pressure distribution on a periodic tensile membrane unit was analyzed by using CFD simulations, which considered various wind velocities and directions. A one-way fluid–structure interaction (FSI) analysis incorporating geometric nonlinearity was performed in ANSYS to evaluate the static performances of the composite membrane. The novelty of this research lies in the integration of graphene platelets (GPLs) into ETFE membranes
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28

Septiani, Upita, та Hitoshi Kubota. "EFFECT OF PRE- γ-IRRADIATION DOSE ON THE DURABILITY OF THE SULFONATED ETFE-G-POLYSTYRENE CONDUCTING MEMBRANES". Jurnal Riset Kimia 5, № 2 (2012): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jrk.v5i2.221.

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The influence of pre-g-irradiation dose on durability of the poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene) (ETFE) film-based radiation-grafted polymer electrolyte membrane was investigated. The durability of membrane was found to be strongly influence by g-ray pre-irradiation dose. The durability was tested in a 3% H2O2 aqueous solution at 60°C. The durability of the polymer electrolyte membrane with a degree of grafting of about 30% prepared by lower pre-irradiation dose was more stable than that of the membrane prepared with higher pre-irradiation dose.
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Yu, Tao, and Yanhui Zhu. "Applied Research of ETFE Membrane Gas Pillow Structure in Modern Stadiums." Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology 5, no. 13 (2013): 3654–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.19026/rjaset.5.4504.

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30

Fang, Jun, Yixu Yang, Xiaohuan Lu, Meiling Ye, Wei Li, and Yanmei Zhang. "Cross-linked, ETFE-derived and radiation grafted membranes for anion exchange membrane fuel cell applications." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 37, no. 1 (2012): 594–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.09.112.

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31

Lee, Wai Hin, Carol Crean, John R. Varcoe, and Rachida Bance-Soualhi. "A Raman spectro-microscopic investigation of ETFE-based radiation-grafted anion-exchange membranes." RSC Adv. 7, no. 75 (2017): 47726–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra09650j.

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Sheng, Jianhao, Dianwei Qi, Hongchao Yan, Wanjiang Wang, and Tao Wang. "Experimental Study on Low Carbonization of Green Building Based on New Membrane Structure Solar Sustainable Heat Collection." Sustainability 14, no. 24 (2022): 16629. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142416629.

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In recent years, energy consumption has continuously been increasing, and the energy consumption proportion in buildings has risen yearly. In order to promote the carbon-neutral goal of carbon peaking, the building sector realizes green and low-carbon transformation. This paper proposes a new type of solar flat plate collector with an additional transparent cover made by the ETFE film, which is tested for thermal performance under different environmental and operational parameters. The Ansys Fluent software was used to build a three-dimensional steady-state model of the collector, which can si
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33

Hu, Jianhui, Wujun Chen, Yu Liu, Bing Zhao, Chengjun Gao, and Deqing Yang. "Dynamic mechanical analysis of ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) foils in use for transparent membrane buildings." Polymer Testing 59 (May 2017): 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2017.01.022.

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Hu, Jianhui, Wujun Chen, Yue Yin, et al. "Electrical-thermal-mechanical properties of multifunctional OPV-ETFE foils for large-span transparent membrane buildings." Polymer Testing 66 (April 2018): 394–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2018.01.036.

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35

Zhao, Zhongwei, Hongbo Liu, and Zhihua Chen. "Thermal behavior of large-span reticulated domes covered by ETFE membrane roofs under solar radiation." Thin-Walled Structures 115 (June 2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2017.01.025.

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36

Kinger, Niketa, Beom-Seok Ko, Joon-Yong Sohn, Young-Chang Nho, and Junhwa Shin. "Synthesis of poly((vinyloxy)ethanesulfonic acid)-grafted ETFE membrane via radiation grafting and its characterization." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 126, S2 (2012): E349—E357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.36719.

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37

Gonçalves Biancolli, Ana Laura, Daniel Herranz, Lianqin Wang, et al. "ETFE-based anion-exchange membrane ionomer powders for alkaline membrane fuel cells: a first performance comparison of head-group chemistry." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 6, no. 47 (2018): 24330–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ta08309f.

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38

Kim, Seung-Deog, Eul-Seok Jeong, and Masaya Kawabata. "An Experimental Study on Biaxial Tensile Characteristics of ETFE Film and Stress Relaxation of Tension Typed Membrane Structures." Journal of the Korean Association for Spatial Structures 16, no. 1 (2016): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.9712/kass.2016.16.1.035.

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39

Yan, Yongsheng, Wujun Chen, Jianhui Hu, and Iqra Tariq. "Long-term testing study of tensile ETFE, PTFE and PVDF membrane structure integrated thin Si-PV." Solar Energy 289 (March 2025): 113307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2025.113307.

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40

Meng, Yu Gang, Rui Ting Huo, Chun Zhi Qi, and Ling Yu Chang. "Effect of Blending with Additives on Mechanical Properties of PVC Architectural Membrane Material." Materials Science Forum 687 (June 2011): 617–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.687.617.

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Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) architectural membrane material is a species of composite textile material. In comparison with other architectural membrane materials such as PTFE or ETFE, PVC membrane material is much cheaper, softer and easier construction feasibility. In this paper, g-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane (KH-570), chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) and pellet binder (PB) were added into PVC paste, respectively. The mechanical properties (tensile strength, peel strength and tearing strength) of the coated fabric were investigated. It was found that the mechanical characteristics of PVC
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Sun, Guojun, Mingze Wu, Xiushu Qu, and Suduo Xue. "Experimental investigation of the uniaxial tensile properties and thermal deformation of the ETFE membrane at different temperatures." Construction and Building Materials 327 (April 2022): 126944. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.126944.

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Jeong, Eul-Seok, Masaya Kawabata, and Seung-Deog Kim. "Experimental and Analytical Study on High Stress of Tensile Membrane Structures by Stretch Fabrication Using ETFE Film." Journal of the Korean Association for Spatial Structures 14, no. 3 (2014): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.9712/kass.2014.14.3.085.

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43

Qiu, Jingyi, Mengyuan Li, Jiangfeng Ni, et al. "Preparation of ETFE-based anion exchange membrane to reduce permeability of vanadium ions in vanadium redox battery." Journal of Membrane Science 297, no. 1-2 (2007): 174–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2007.03.042.

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44

Pandey, T. P., M. W. Liberatore, and A. M. Herring. "FTIR Analysis of the State of Water in Radiation Grafted ETFE Anion Exchange Membrane for Fuel Cell Applications." ECS Transactions 58, no. 1 (2013): 1361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/05801.1361ecst.

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45

VARCOE, J., and R. SLADE. "An electron-beam-grafted ETFE alkaline anion-exchange membrane in metal-cation-free solid-state alkaline fuel cells." Electrochemistry Communications 8, no. 5 (2006): 839–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2006.03.027.

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46

Hu, Chuan, Young Jun Lee, Joon Yong Sohn, Hyewon Hwang, Seung Won Jung, and Young Moo Lee. "ETFE-grafting ionomers for anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers with a current density of 11.2 A cm−2." Journal of Power Sources 599 (April 2024): 234228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2024.234228.

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47

Gil Pérez, Marta, Bas Rongen, Valentin Koslowski, and Jan Knippers. "Structural design, optimization and detailing of the BUGA fibre pavilion." International Journal of Space Structures 35, no. 4 (2020): 147–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956059920961778.

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The BUGA fibre pavilion built in April 2019 at the Bundesgartenschau in Heilbronn, Germany, is the most recent coreless fibre winding research pavilion developed from the collaboration between ICD/ITKE at the University of Stuttgart. The research goal is to create lightweight and high-performance lattice composite structures through robotic fabrication. The pavilion is composed of 60 carbon and glass fibre components, and is covered by a prestressed ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) membrane. Each of the components is hollow in section and bone-like in shape. They are joined through steel co
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48

Sithambaranathan, Paveswari, Mohamed Mahmoud Nasef, Arshad Ahmad, Amin Abbasi, and T. M. Ting. "Composite Proton-Conducting Membrane with Enhanced Phosphoric Acid Doping of Basic Films Radiochemically Grafted with Binary Vinyl Heterocyclic Monomer Mixtures." Membranes 13, no. 1 (2023): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13010105.

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A composite proton conducting membrane (PCM) was prepared by radiation-induced grafting (RIG) of binary mixtures of 4-vinyl pyridine (4-VP) and 1-vinylimidazole (1-VIm) onto poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene) (ETFE) film followed by phosphoric acid (PA) doping. The grafting parameters such as absorbed dose, temperature, monomer concentration, time, and monomer ratio were varied to control the degree of grafting (DG%). The effect of the reactivity ratio of 4-VP and 1-VIm on the composition and degree of monomer unit alternation in the formed graft copolymer was investigated. The changes in t
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49

Geraldes, Adriana N., Heloísa A. Zen, Geise Ribeiro, et al. "Post-irradiation time effects on the graft of poly(ethylene-alt-tetrafluoroethylene) (ETFE) films for ion exchange membrane application." Radiation Physics and Chemistry 79, no. 3 (2010): 246–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2009.08.029.

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50

Ha, Mai-Anh, Oliver Leitner, Avital Isakov, et al. "Investigating Ionomer Interactions on the Catalytic Interface of Model Catalysts (NiO, IrO2)." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 43 (2024): 2882. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02432882mtgabs.

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Anion exchange membrane electrolysis enables the use of earth abundant metals for the catalyst and other components of the membrane electrode assembly. However, earth abundant metal catalysts may be sensitive to poisoning and degradation due to the extreme pH of the electrolyte or interactions with the ionomer. Plane-wave density functional theory calculations probed the binding strength of different functional groups from popular ionomers (Nafion, Sustainion, tetramethylammonium-based ETFE/Gen 2/Georgia Tech, Versogen) on model catalysts such as Platinum Group Metal IrO2 and earth abundant Ni
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