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Tendolkar, Preeti M., Arto S. Baghdayan, Michael S. Gilmore und Nathan Shankar. „Enterococcal Surface Protein, Esp, Enhances Biofilm Formation by Enterococcus faecalis“. Infection and Immunity 72, Nr. 10 (Oktober 2004): 6032–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.72.10.6032-6039.2004.
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ABSTRACT Enterococci play a dual role in human ecology. They serve as commensal organisms of the gastrointestinal tract and are also leading causes of multiple antibiotic-resistant hospital-acquired infection. Many nosocomial infections result from the ability of microorganisms to form biofilms. The molecular mechanisms involved in enterococcal biofilm formation are only now beginning to be understood. Enterococcal surface protein, Esp, has been reported to contribute to biofilm formation by Enterococcus faecalis. Recent studies have shown that enterococci form biofilms independently of Esp expression. To precisely determine what role Esp plays in E. faecalis biofilm formation, Esp was expressed on the cell surface of genetically well-defined, natively Esp-deficient strains, and isogenic Esp-positive and Esp-deficient strains were compared for their biofilm-forming ability. The results show that Esp expression leads to a significant increase in biofilm formation, irrespective of the strain tested. The contribution of Esp to biofilm formation was found to be most pronounced in the presence of 0.5% (wt/vol) or greater glucose. These results unambiguously define Esp as a key contributor to the ability of E. faecalis to form biofilms.
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Linzer, Bernd, und Andreas Jungbauer. „Arvedi ESP for High-Quality Hot-Strip Production at Rizhao Steel“. Materials Science Forum 854 (Mai 2016): 207–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.854.207.
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With five Arvedi ESP lines, Rizhao Steel in China is now focusing on the highly attractive local and export markets for high-quality, thin-gauge strip products. The first lines began operations in 2015.High-strength but lightweight car bodies, ultra-thin structures paired with the highest tensile strength – and all at the lowest production costs. Innovative processes are required in order to fulfil the demands of the car and metals industries. With precise thermo-mechanical rolling and rigorous temperature guidance in the narrowest possible operations windows Arvedi ESP opens the door to producing demanding steel grades in the shortest implementation times and at reduced alloying costs. Low operation costs are also provided by efficient induction heating and the resulting energy savings.This paper presents the ESP plant setup of Rizhao Steel as well as the training and support program. Additionally the potentials of AHSS production with ESP will be described by referencing the results of the first ESP plant in operation since 2009 at Arvedi Steel, Italy, and the ESP plants of Rizhao steel.
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Birch, James. „Collecting and processing samples in remote and dangerous places: the Environmental Sample Processor as a case study“. Pure and Applied Chemistry 90, Nr. 10 (25.10.2018): 1625–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2018-0201.
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AbstractCollecting water samples in remote or dangerous places can help identify chemical spills, discover clandestine weapons production, or determine if there has been natural or human-caused biological contamination of waterways. These collections can be expensive or put humans at risk due to the nature of the locale or the detection target. Such sample collection challenges are similar to those faced in oceanography, where accessibility and the physical realities of remoteness, corrosiveness, and pressure, place severe requirements on instrumentation, especially for unattended operations over long periods of time. The Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) has been at the forefront of developments that push forward sample collection and processing capabilities in the ocean. Specifically, the development of the environmental sample processor (ESP), a microbiology laboratory-in-a-can, has allowed extended presence with high frequency sampling. When deployed, the ESP filters water to collect particles, then either preserves those particles, or creates a homogenate for molecular analysis. Originally designed for detecting harmful algae blooms and the toxins they produce, the ESP now has expanded analytical capabilities. A newer version of the ESP is now being tested on an autonomous underwater vehicle, providing never-before-seen mobility and unprecedented access to the top 300 m of the ocean.
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Shridhar, Sridevi, und Biranthabail Dhanashree. „Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern and Biofilm Formation in Clinical Isolates of Enterococcus spp.“ Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases 2019 (03.03.2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7854968.
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Enterococcus is a commensal in the intestine and is now emerging as a drug-resistant pathogen. It produces different virulence factors. Enterococcus surface protein (esp) is a virulence factor that helps in the adhesion, but its role in biofilm formation is still contradictory. Moreover, in many bacterial species, strong biofilm producer exhibits multidrug resistance. Hence, this study is done to know the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Enterococcus spp. and to correlate the drug resistance with biofilm production and esp gene. Enterococcal isolates were collected from various clinical specimens. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by disc diffusion, and biofilm production was performed by microtiter plate method. PCR was performed for detection of esp gene. Two E. faecium strains resistant to vancomycin and high-level aminoglycoside (HLAR) were non-biofilm-producers and did not harbor esp gene. However, other biofilm-producing E. faecium harbored esp gene, and this association was found to be statistically significant (p=0.024). It was observed that there was no significant association between biofilm formation and presence of esp gene in E. faecalis. Moreover, a significant correlation was not found between drug resistance and biofilm production in both Enterococcus species. Thus, biofilm formation is not always associated with the presence or absence of esp gene and or drug resistance in Enterococcus spp.
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De Cassai, Alessandro, Claudio Bonanno, Roberto Padrini, Federico Geraldini, Annalisa Boscolo, Paolo Navalesi und Marina Munari. „Pharmacokinetics of lidocaine after bilateral ESP block“. Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine 46, Nr. 1 (31.08.2020): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2020-101718.
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IntroductionErector spinae plane (ESP) block is an emerging interfascial block with a wide range of indications for perioperative analgesia and chronic pain treatment. Recent studies have focused their attention on mechanisms of action of ESP block. However, the pharmacokinetics of drugs injected in ESP is, as of now, uninvestigated. The aim of this brief report is to investigate the pharmacokinetics of lidocaine in a series of 10 patients.MethodsWe are reporting a case series of 10 patients undergoing bilateral ESP block for multilevel lumbar spine surgery.ESP was performed with 3.5 mg/kg of lidocaine based on ideal body weight. Lidocaine concentration was dosed at 5, 15, 30 min and at 1, 2 and 3 hours.ResultsTmax was 5 min for all the patients. Cmax ranged from 1.2 to 3.8 mg/L (mean: 2.59 mg/L). AUC0-3 was high (76%, on average) suggesting an almost complete bioavailability. Age had a negative correlation with T½ of lidocaine.ConclusionsLidocaine pharmacokinetic after ESP block is well-described by a two-compartment model with a rapid and extensive rate of absorption. Nevertheless, its peak concentrations never exceeded the accepted toxicity limit. Elimination half-life was slightly prolonged, probably due to the advanced age of some patients.
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Lukyanov, Alexander, Danila Donskoy, Miroslav Vernezi und Dmitry Karev. „Estimation of the carbon footprint of IoT devices based on ESP8266 microcontrollers“. E3S Web of Conferences 279 (2021): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127901002.
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The development of the Internet of Things contributes to improving network protocols and increasing the requirements for energy efficiency of devices. In the field of the Internet of Things and automation systems, one of the most popular microcontrollers is the ESP8266. This article discusses the leading Internet of Things connection protocols based on ESP8266, such as ESP-NOW, HTTP, and ESP-MESH. The study of the power consumption of this microcontroller in various situations and describes the optimal applications of IoT based on ESP8266. The correct choice of communication means of the ESP8266 microcontroller allows you to reduce its power consumption by more than 10% relative to energyintensive communication algorithms. Compared to the power-intensive MESH network, the reduction in power consumption when using the HTTP protocol is 3.34%, and the percentage of energy-consuming events drops by 50.85%. When using ESP-NOW, energy efficiency increases by 5.35%, and the number of energy-consuming events decreases by 83.05%. The value of the carbon footprint generated by the device during the year was, for the three communication technologies used, 2 kg 500 g, 2 kg 320 g, and 2 kg 290 g of CO2, respectively.
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WILLIAMS, CHRISTOPHER. „Survival strategies for teachers and researchers of ESP in economically challenging times“. International Journal of Language, Translation and Intercultural Communication 4, Nr. 1 (24.06.2016): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/ijltic.10351.
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<p class="Abstract">I outline some of the challenges for teachers and researchers of ESP in this period of prolonged economic crisis from the perspective of someone who has taught English for law students and political science students for many years, is editor of the journal ESP Across Cultures, and is Head of the Language Centre of Foggia University. I focus on three issues: 1) teaching LSP at university level in a context of contradictory pressures coming from ministerial insistence on internationalization of Italian universities in an increasingly globalized world while drastically reducing funding at all levels; 2) research in ESP, where I outline the vibrancy of ESP studies despite the economic hardships, but I surmise that this is partly the result of a shift towards providing practical language skills for future professionals in line with the marketization of tertiary education; 3) the emerging role of CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning), where in Italy it is now law to provide part of secondary school tuition of a non-language subject in a foreign language: I outline the ways in which ESP and CLIL can mutually complement each other. I conclude by arguing that the future looks bright for ESP studies despite the economic crisis.</p><p class="Abstract"> </p>
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PIROGOVA, MARINA A. „ESP COURSE DESIGN: EOP TOUR GUIDE“. Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, Nr. 1 (2017): 106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/2410-7190_2017_3_1_106_114.
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This paper examines the English language needs in an ESP course at Amur State University, Russia. The course designed was based on a Target Situation Analysis (TSA), Present Situation Analysis (PSA) and Context Analysis taking into accounts some basic concepts forwarded by Kay Westerfield and Jennifer Rice through online teacher training course with University of Oregon, Linguistics Department, American English Institute (UO AEI) «English for Specific purposes, Best Practices». The author of the article completed the course administered by the United States Department of State, Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs. Final project «ESP Course Design: EOP Tour Guide» now is a part of the curriculum of the target professional group of students. Feedback from the ESP group (EOP: Tour Guide) indicated that the course content was tailored to suit their professional needs and wants and contributed to a positive EL experience for these learners who are adult students from a non-native English speaking background.
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Van, Vu Thi Hong. „An investigation into English language use in the Vietnamese hospitality industry: The language of money exchange“. SOCIAL SCIENCES 8, Nr. 2 (02.06.2020): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.46223/hcmcoujs.soci.en.8.2.279.2018.
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Within the tourism and hospitality industry in Vietnam, English is now a dominant means of communication between staff and guests who come from different countries. The ability to communicate effectively in English is therefore an important attribute for those employed within the industry. Courses in English for Specific Purposes (ESP), such as English for Tourism and Hotel (English for Tourism Management/English for Hotel Management), are now part of English language programmes in Vietnamese educational institutions. These courses emphasise the importance of developing high-level English language communication skills for students. However, the teaching of these courses has mainly been conducted in the classroom environment, using textbooks which are written and published outside Vietnam. Given that recent research has focused on the need to teach language as it is used in authentic contexts, it is important for the teaching of ESP to understand how English is used in a real-life setting in the Vietnamese tourism and hospitality sector.
This paper reports on the findings from a study which obtained and analysed hundreds of examples of authentic English language used by guests and staff in four different hotels in Vietnam. For illustrative purposes, the paper focuses on the language of interactions related to currency exchange, and examines the implications of the study findings for the teaching of ESP in Vietnam.
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Febrijanto, Yoyok, und Sandy Kurniajati. „DEVELOPING ESP NURSING BASED ON COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING“. ENGLISH EDUCATION: JOURNAL OF ENGLISH TEACHING AND RESEARCH 2, Nr. 2 (28.10.2017): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.29407/jetar.v2i2.885.
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ESP nursing materials is an important component in the success of educational programs, especially in the field of nursing. The development of English learning is now more emphasis on the authenticity of the material that is contextual activities or work involved, one of which is in nursing profession. Communicative language teaching (CLT) sets principles about the teaching of communicative competence not confined to verbal communication but also includes written communication, consists of four skills especially on ESP nursing based on nursing care (assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning(intervention & implementation, and evaluation) as the main source of objective achievement in teaching learning process. The development method used is adapted from Borg and Gall's model involved 24 students, 1 expert in English education, 2 experts in nursing education, and 1 practitioner of hospital. Researchers developed materials (4 chapters) based needs analysis (students’ need and reviewing existing syllabus) with four language skills. Result of expert validation (materials evaluation based on contents, exercises, communication, and general elements) was very good (average score 3.5) and result of students’ try out to give the decision of the product quality, the average score was 3.2, it meant the materials was acceptable and eligible to be used by the nursing students as autonomous learning. In conclusion, the final product can be used as a model of instructional materials to teach English nursing as ESP materials.
Keywords: ESP Nursing, CLT, Material Development
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Hinoi, Eiichi, Nan Gao, Dae Young Jung, Vijay Yadav, Tatsuya Yoshizawa, Martin G. Myers, Streamson C. Chua, Jason K. Kim, Klaus H. Kaestner und Gerard Karsenty. „The sympathetic tone mediates leptin's inhibition of insulin secretion by modulating osteocalcin bioactivity“. Journal of Cell Biology 183, Nr. 7 (22.12.2008): 1235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200809113.
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The osteoblast-secreted molecule osteocalcin favors insulin secretion, but how this function is regulated in vivo by extracellular signals is for now unknown. In this study, we show that leptin, which instead inhibits insulin secretion, partly uses the sympathetic nervous system to fulfill this function. Remarkably, for our purpose, an osteoblast-specific ablation of sympathetic signaling results in a leptin-dependent hyperinsulinemia. In osteoblasts, sympathetic tone stimulates expression of Esp, a gene inhibiting the activity of osteocalcin, which is an insulin secretagogue. Accordingly, Esp inactivation doubles hyperinsulinemia and delays glucose intolerance in ob/ob mice, whereas Osteocalcin inactivation halves their hyperinsulinemia. By showing that leptin inhibits insulin secretion by decreasing osteocalcin bioactivity, this study illustrates the importance of the relationship existing between fat and skeleton for the regulation of glucose homeostasis.
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Dewi, Nora Ronita, Masitowarni Siregar und Anggraini Thesisia Saragih. „Developing ESP Blended Learning for Academic Purposes of Course Materials for Students of English Education Study Program at Languages and Arts Faculty, Universitas Negeri Medan“. Randwick International of Education and Linguistics Science Journal 1, Nr. 3 (20.12.2020): 316–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.47175/rielsj.v1i3.140.
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Industrial Revolution 4.0 has influenced many sectors, which are now a lot changes entering to human life by the presence of information technology.The use of power and data in the massive digital technology has become unlimited caused by its development at this present time. This study is aimed at developing the appropriate blended course materials of English for Specific Purposes for students of English Education Study Program, Languages and Arts Faculty, Universitas Negeri Medan. This study is focused on ESP Blended Learning Course Materials for Students of Seventh Semester of English Education Study Program. Research and Development (R & D) design is applied through six stages, there are 1). collecting information and data, 2). data analysis, 3). new materials design based on the needs analysis, 4). experts validation, 5). new material revision, and 6). final product. The instruments of collecting data are by applying two strategies: interview and questionnaires. The results show that the materials used in the 7th semester of English Education Study Program is developed through the implementation of the R&D simplification. The response of questionnaires signified low standard for the students after being analyzed. This results of the study developed ESP Blended Learning Course materials which focused on the following materials: Models and Teaching Strategies in ESP; Language Features: Linguistics and Grammar; Language Skills (Listening, Reading, Speaking, and Writing); Genre Text in ESP (Descriptive Text, Procedure Text, Analytical Exposition Text, and Argumentative Text).
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Ananyina, Anastasia, Irina Abramova, Elena Shishmolina und Anna Yessengaliyeva. „A New Pedagogical Model for Teaching English for Specific Purposes: Collaborative Educational Project“. SHS Web of Conferences 97 (2021): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219701002.
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Raising young professionals is one of the main goals of ESP teachers across the globe, but in today’s rapidly changing world it is complicated by the need to adapt learners to a demanding international working environment that puts heavy pressure on human resources. English communication skills are now sought by employers, so, English teachers worldwide need to help future graduates meet such high expectations. However, the practice has shown that options for improvement within national educational systems are limited. In artificially bilingual classrooms progress requires cooperation and networking of practitioners from different countries. This article presents the results of the first stage of an experimental collaborative educational project, which involved teachers and students from two state universities in Russia and Kazakhstan. It describes the beginning of implementing a relatively new pedagogical model for ESP teaching through designing a virtual crossborder learning environment simulating certain real-life professional communication situations. The aim of the paper is to analyze the initial impact of this model on developing certain soft skills and English communicative competence in the students of non-linguistic majors. The authors used the comparative analysis of data obtained through formal structured questionnaires. The statistical significance of the results was measured by the F-test and the paired Student’s t-test The results suggest that extending ESP learning environment beyond borders helps ESP teachers to shift from purely academic settings to simulating real professional scenarios, thus developing students’ English communicative competence, contributing to their professional socialization, and creating a sufficient level of stress to appeal to their motivation while avoiding discouragement.
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Moorhouse, Benjamin Luke, und Lucas Kohnke. „Using Mentimeter to Elicit Student Responses in the EAP/ESP Classroom“. RELC Journal 51, Nr. 1 (27.01.2020): 198–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033688219890350.
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The affordances and pedagogical benefits of technology in the English for Specific Purposes (ESP) and English for Academic Purposes (EAP) classrooms are widely acknowledged. One potential use of technology is in eliciting and managing students’ responses, which is an area where EAP/ESP teachers often report difficulties. Traditionally, teachers either nominate students to respond or rely on students volunteering to answer questions. In practice, this condition tends to mean that the more confident students respond, or students are ‘put on the spot’ by being nominated to speak by a teacher. One way to address this issue is through response cards. Students can respond in unison with a card or whiteboard displaying the answer. Response cards are effective at all levels of education. They increase active responses, improve test scores, and motivate learners. There are now digital alternatives to response cards called ‘student response systems’ (SRS). These systems provide a flexible and diverse way for students to respond using their mobile devices. SRS include Mentimeter, Kahoot, Plickers, GoSoapBox, and Poll Everywhere. Due to its versatility and unlimited number of participants, we believe Mentimeter has greater potential in the EAP/ESP classroom. This tech review will provide an overview of Mentimeter’s features and potential uses.
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Lareyre, Jean-Jacques, Weng-Li Zheng, Guang-Quan Zhao, Susan Kasper, Marcia E. Newcomer, Robert J. Matusik, David E. Ong und Marie-Claire Orgebin-Crist. „Molecular Cloning and Hormonal Regulation of a Murine Epididymal Retinoic Acid-Binding Protein Messenger Ribonucleic Acid“. Endocrinology 139, Nr. 6 (01.06.1998): 2971–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo.139.6.6074.
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Abstract A complementary DNA encoding the mouse epididymal secretory protein MEP 10 (mouse epididymal protein 10) was cloned and is now renamed murine epididymal retinoic acid binding protein (mE-RABP). The analysis of the predicted primary amino acid sequence showed that mE-RABP has a 75% identity with rat ESP I (epididymal secretory protein I), another epididymal retinoic acid-binding protein. The homology strongly suggests that mE-RABP is the mouse orthologue of rat ESP I. A computer analysis of the predicted three-dimensional structure confirmed that mE-RABP can accommodate retinoic acid as ligand. In the rat, ESP I messenger RNA (mRNA) is expressed in the efferent ducts and in the entire caput epididymidis. However, in the mouse, the expression of a 950-bp mE-RABP mRNA was detected only in principal cells of the mid/distal caput epididymidis, suggesting that the regulation of region-specific expression is different in rat and mouse. Northern blot analyses showed that mE-RABP gene expression is no longer detected 10 days after castration but progressively rebounds between days 15 and 60. However, mE-RABP protein could not be detected by Western blot 30 days after castration. Androgen replacement, begun 5 days after castration and continued for 4 days restored significant expression of mE-RABP mRNA. Efferent duct ligation for 10 days did not affect gene expression. Taken together, these results indicate that mE-RABP mRNA expression is regulated by androgens but not by testicular factors. The overall similarity in the primary amino acid sequence of mE-RABP with ESP I and other members of the lipocalin superfamily suggests that they are evolutionarily related.
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Al-Azam, Moh Noor, Darian Rizaludin, Yulius Satmoko Raharjo und Aryo Nugroho. „Message Queuing Telemetry Transport dalam Internet of Things menggunakan ESP-32“. JURNAL MEDIA INFORMATIKA BUDIDARMA 3, Nr. 3 (30.07.2019): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.30865/mib.v3i3.1160.
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Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) is a connectivity protocol between machines or now better known as the Internet of Things (IoT). This protocol recognizes two basic functions of M2M communication, namely publish and subscribe (pub/sub). The MQTT protocol is designed as a very simple and very lightweight message delivery protocol, designed for devices that are limited and with low bandwidth capacity, high latency or on an unreliable network. The design principles are to minimize bandwidth requirements and device resource requirements, and keep trying to ensure reliability and guaranteed delivery rates. In this paper, VerneMQ performance reliability is tested - one of the MQTT brokers, with several stressing levels using ESP-32 as a publisher and notebook with the python application as a subscriber.
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Gesiot, Jacopo. „Ripensare la lingua del Flos sanctorum catalano“. Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie 136, Nr. 1 (06.03.2020): 25–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zrp-2020-0002.
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AbstractThe article represents an attempt to reconsider the exceptional linguistic status of the manuscript Esp. 44 in the Bibliothèque nationale de France, containing the Old Catalan translation of Jacopo da Varazze’s Legenda aurea. First studied by Joan Coromines, its language appeared remarkably conservative and vernacular to the great philologist, however now, more than a half-century after his judgment, the comparison with other products of what has been defined the earliest Catalan scripta leads to relativize linguistic traits of the Parisian manuscript. In particular, it is shown that the manuscript 713 in the library of the University of Barcelona is also distinguished by its linguistic features, and yet it is studied here for the first time.
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Maslov, Yury Vsevolodovich. „A topical methodology research subject in the European area of higher education: ELF, EFL or ESP?“ International Journal of Science Annals 4, Nr. 1 (2021): 43–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.26697/ijsa.2021.1.6.
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The European “ecosystem” of higher education seems to have been affected by the global pandemic in a number of ways. Some of these impacts may well be viewed as negative; some others, as giving a new impetus to the development of the entire educational system. It is evident, for instance, that the dire necessity to “go virtual” has created new avenues for the intensification of contacts between educators who previously were less motivated to do so (Magomedov et al. 2020, Melnyk et al., 2020). That clearly manifests the fact that the ongoing process of transformations taking place in national higher education systems across Europe has not slowed down at all, which has made some of the current cultural and educational challenges even more pressing. One such challenge is the necessity to effectively use ELF (English as a lingua franca). Researchers working in post-communist countries have made valuable contributions to linguistic studies, especially in the area of EFL studies, as these countries clearly belong to the so-called Expanding Circle. However, the social and cultural realities of today call for more focus not on EFL studies but on research in the field of ELF and ESP (English for Specific Purposes). It is explained by the fact that the ability to use ESP is now a highly desirable skill for the majority of professionals working in the post-communist part of Europe.
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RDZANEK, Grzegorz. „NATO IN THE DEFENCE DOCTRINE OF FINLAND“. Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces 161, Nr. 3 (01.07.2011): 182–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0002.3059.
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Finland is not a NATO member but continues close cooperation with NATO structures and forces. Finnish relations with NATO have been determining on one hand by internal factors (Finnish neutrality doctrine, public opinion), on the other – by developments of global security system. New security situation after 1990 led to fundamental changes in the conditions on which defence policy is based. Finland has now strong ambition to participate actively in most international peace-keeping endeavors. In 1994 an agreement was signed on Finnish participation in the NATO-sponsored Partnership for Peace. Since this date Finland is deeply involved in military cooperation with NATO), esp. during peace-support operation.The article goes through the questions of impact of Finnish integration with NATO on the Finnish defence system. The aim is to discuss how NATO’s membership would influence Finnish defence structures, capabilities and Finnish military policy.
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Zhijian, Zhou. „From General English to EST: A Proposal to Reform China's Service English Teaching“. TESL Canada Journal 6, Nr. 1 (26.10.1988): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v6i1.540.
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This paper gives a brief survey of service English teaching in China and proposes reform based on the theory and practice of the ESP/EST approach. The survey describes the course materials, classroom teaching activities, and students' reactions to them under the General English approach now prevalent in China, while at the same time noting an apparent upsurge of interest in EST among Chinese learners and teachers of English. The proposal argues for a shift from General English to EST and offers solutions to such problems as the preparation of EST course materials, the training of EST teachers, and the testing of EST learners. The paper also reveals how expatriate teachers of English working in China could assist in the reform and why textbooks produced in the U.S. and Britain do not suit Chinese students of science and engineering very well.
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Wood, Jordan Daniel. „A Novel Use of the Body-Soul Comparison Emerges in Neochalcedonian Christology“. Review of Ecumenical Studies Sibiu 11, Nr. 3 (01.12.2019): 363–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ress-2019-0027.
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Abstract Comparing the union of Christ’s two natures to the body-soul union in a human being was a typical way among patristic authors to conceive the Incarnation. I argue that a novel use of the comparison emerged among Neochalcedonian theologians, esp. Leontius of Byzantium and Maximus Confessor. Their novelty lay in the concurrent refinement of the nature-hypostasis distinction required by Chalcedon. That refinement – particularly the shift from conceiving natures as self-subsistent to subsistent only in hypostases – opened unprecedented ways to make the anthropological comparison. Now there was a new, univocal tertium comparationis between Christ and the human being: in each case it’s a hypostasis alone that makes two distinct natures really one. Neochalcedonian novelty supports the broader thesis that post-Chalcedonian Christology had profound impact on philosophy (cf. Johannes Zachhuber). In this case, Neochalcedonian Christology granted far greater insight into the fundamental mystery of the human person.
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Brudermann, Cédric. „From action research to the implementation of ICT pedagogical tools: taking into account students’ needs to propose adjusted online tutorial practice“. ReCALL 22, Nr. 2 (Mai 2010): 172–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0958344010000066.
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AbstractThis paper deals with the implementation of an “online pedagogical assistant” in a blended learning device for English for Special Purposes (ESP) students in a French university (UPMC, Paris VI). As it is now, it comprises a customized website designed to serve as a guide through the development of the students’ work.The architecture of this website and the way it is meant to be used are parameters derived from the conclusions of action research carried out in 2007–2008 in another French university (Perpignan) amongst B1/B2 ESP students.1 The perspective of that study was to examine their needs when performing off site aural and written tasks. The data collected showed that the problems encountered were always the same – outlining a typology – and that most obstacles derived from A2/B1 elements they had already been through during their secondary education.This application has been named an “online pedagogical assistant” because, by targeting the problems from the typology, it aims at leading students take care of their needs by themselves before emailing their productions to their tutor(s), particularly by pushing them into reflecting on a certain number of aspects they are already acquainted with but which they nonetheless tend to forget when working on their own.From the typology of problems, a system of semi-automatic correction meant to help students proceed to self-corrections – notably through online references to relevant online help and exercises – has also been developed. In the correction phase of the students’ tasks, the purpose is therefore no longer for the tutor to correct their productions but to help them do it themselves.Action research is in progress to evaluate the potential of those adjusted online tutorial practices in terms of second language (L2) acquisition.
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Novelli, Enrico M., Mingyi Yao, Xiaojun Huang, Jeffrey Baust, Hunter Champion, Mark T. Gladwin und Jeffrey Isenberg. „TSP1-CD47 Signaling Modulates the Severity of Pulmonary Hypertension in a Mouse Model of Sickle Cell Disease“. Blood 118, Nr. 21 (18.11.2011): 898. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.898.898.
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Abstract Abstract 898 In sickle cell disease (SCD), mutant hemoglobin S polymerizes when deoxygenated, driving red blood cell (RBC)-dependent vaso-occlusion and hemolysis. These processes lead to platelet and hemostatic activation, pulmonary hypertension (PH) and vascular disease. Transgenic-knockout sickle (BERK) mice that express exclusively human α- and βS-globins mimic SCD in humans by displaying reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, impaired NO-mediated vascular reactivity and PH. Recently, the platelet α-granule protein thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) was found to be elevated in the plasma of patients with SCD and to potently inhibit physiologic NO signaling, via binding to the cell surface receptor CD47. We hypothesized that blocking the TSP1-CD47 interaction may restore NO signaling and prevent PH in BERK mice. To test this hypothesis we conducted a transplantation experiment to explore the repopulating potential of BERK bone marrow (BM) in lethally myeloablated CD47KO recipients and the impact of the CD47 null milieu on the PH phenotype. We harvested the BM from 5–6 months old BERK mice and transplanted it into irradiated (10 Gy) 8–9 weeks old CD47KO mice (n=9). All recipients survived transplantation and were terminally evaluated 4 months post transplantation. Mice underwent blood sampling for determination of engraftment by hemoglobin electrophoresis, evaluation of endothelial dependent arterial vasodilation by myography, full pulmonary hemodynamic assessment and measurement of right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) using the Fulton Index (ratio of ventricular weights (right ventricle/left ventricle including septum). The chimeras had 98.3% (SD 0.6%) hemoglobin S, thereby demonstrating full donor chimerism. Segments of thoracic aortas from the chimeras were mounted on a myograph system and exposed to acetylcholine, a physiologic vasodilator that stimulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activation. Concentration-response curves showed that the arterial segments from chimeras that lacked tissue CD47 had improved endothelial-dependent vasodilation, as evaluated by % relaxation in response to acetylcholine, as compared to arterial segments from BERK mice (P < 0.05). Hemodynamic data showed that the tissue CD47KO chimeras had lower right ventricular end systolic pressure (RV ESP) as compared to BERK mice (22 vs. 31 mm Hg, p<0.05). Conversely, their RV ESP did not significantly differ from historical control C57BL/6 mice (22 vs. 20 mm Hg, NS, panel A). Measurement of RVH (Fulton Index) similarly revealed that the chimeras were protected from RVH (p<0.05, panel B). Thus, despite the presence of sickle RBC, the absence of the TSP1-CD47 signaling axis improved endothelial-eNOS-NO signaling and reduced pulmonary pressures and RVH responses. These data demonstrate that BM from BERK mice successfully engrafts CD47KO mice, and that in the absence of the TSP1-CD47 axis endothelial and vascular function improves and PH is ameliorated. We now plan to validate these results in controlled experiments where BM from BERK mice is transplanted in CD47KO and C57BL mice as controls. We expect that unlike C57BL mice transplanted with BERK BM, CD47KO mice will be protected from the vascular complications of SCD, including PH.Figurelegend: CD47KO mice transplanted with BERK BM (chimeras) show improved hemodynamics (Panel A) and less right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy as measured by the Fulton Index as compared to BERK mice (Panel B). * = statistically significant, NS = non significant, RV ESP = right ventricle end systolic pressure.Figure. legend: CD47KO mice transplanted with BERK BM (chimeras) show improved hemodynamics (Panel A) and less right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy as measured by the Fulton Index as compared to BERK mice (Panel B). * = statistically significant, NS = non significant, RV ESP = right ventricle end systolic pressure. Disclosures: Isenberg: Vasculox, Inc.: Equity Ownership.
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CANAPERO, MARINA. „Connecting, motivating and raising awareness via WELL: Developing e-learning environments for science students“. ReCALL 16, Nr. 2 (November 2004): 330–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095834400400062x.
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This paper discusses the role of customized learning environ1ments in the teaching of English to undergraduate science and technology students and focuses on a more subject-specific and skills-oriented approach in English for Specific Purposes (ESP). It may be argued that multimedia technology and the Web have a vital role to play in integrating often complex subject matter and language learning. As most university level students nowadays are mostly conversant with multimedia and Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) packages and feel at home before a web-based interface, creating teaching materials to cater to their needs requires a whole new set of skills, not least a knowledge of Web-design and Web-authoring programmes. Educators now need to create environments in which students can learn; they engineer new situations. Let us call it “WELL by design”. The focus is on motivating learning, a move towards constructing knowledge and involving the students in meaningful interactions. This paper focuses on how web-based materials are incorporated in day-to-day classroom teaching, how students are encouraged to interact with these materials, and how interaction is promoted and encouraged through the creation of pair and group activities based on the materials. Particular attention will be given to the potential of Web Enhanced Language Learning (WELL) in encouraging collaborative and constructive learning processes. The relationship between tutor and learner in a technology-enhanced environment will also be considered and discussed. A demonstration of specially devised link-mediated learning units within a web-enhanced course in ESP designed specifically for environmental science students will be made, together with an overview of resources, tools and observations within the context of the technology classroom. Particular emphasis will be placed on CALL and WELL as an essential support within a fully integrated language course for science students, as well as on the community-creating and connecting spirit of the Web in a virtual language learning environment.
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Mukhi, Shaheena, Elaine Maloney, Mary Agent-Katwala und Geoff Porter. „Electronic operative reports to support quality improvement and patient-centered care.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, Nr. 7_suppl (01.03.2016): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.7_suppl.95.
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95 Background: Operative reports (OP) for cancer surgery are usually narrated, although they provide inconsistent and incomplete information for patient care. National standards for cancer OP were unavailable until 2007. Over 10 years, surgeons in four Canadian provinces have transitioned from narrative to electronic synoptic reporting (ESP) for specific cancers. The electronic OP are now considered a patient medical record and integral to subsequent patient care. Surgeons are using electronic reports for quality assurance, billing, medical-legal conflict resolution and research. Methods: Disease-site expert panels were formed to bring together surgeons to discuss, identify, develop and form consensus on a core set of elements for breast, colorectal, ovary, endometrial, lung, prostate, and thyroid cancer surgeries and 64 quality indicators to set practice standards to consistently and comprehensively record pre-operative, operative procedures, intra-operative observations and pathology, clinical stage findings, complications and outcomes. These standards were implemented using ESP in four provinces and a mixed methods evaluation was carried out. Results: 245 surgeons in academic and community hospitals piloted and implemented pan-Canadian standards and generated 2000 synoptic reports and 729 discharge summaries over six months. In comparison to narrative reports, surgeons reported that the electronic synoptic reports: Capture complete and essential content (89% - 96%), 50% more; Contain 25 – 50 items vs. 2000 narrated words; Faster completion and turnaround time (5- 15 minutes) vs. 5 days; Rapid transmission to patient charts (91% in 1 hour and 97% within 24 hours) vs. 30 – 90 days; Result in cost savings $90/case; Enable performance measurement of surgical care to assess quality and outcome of surgery (e.g., residual disease and survival in patients) and length of aggressive vs. non-aggressive surgery and hospital stay (5.49 hours and 8.39 days vs. 3.06 hours and 6.83 days). Conclusions: Surgeons are building partnerships with key players to strategize best approaches to enable a system-wide adoption and implementation of synoptic operative reporting and quality of care measurement across Canada.
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Kameyoshi, Y., A. Dörschner, A. I. Mallet, E. Christophers und J. M. Schröder. „Cytokine RANTES released by thrombin-stimulated platelets is a potent attractant for human eosinophils.“ Journal of Experimental Medicine 176, Nr. 2 (01.08.1992): 587–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.176.2.587.
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Thrombin stimulation of human platelets results in the release of a preformed proteinaceous human eosinophil (Eo)-chemotactic activity. By the use of different high-performance liquid chromatography techniques, two Eo-chemotactic polypeptides (EoCPs), tentatively termed EoCP-1 and EoCP-2, were purified to homogeneity. Upon SDS-PAGE analysis, these chemotaxins showed molecular masses near 8 kD. NH2-terminal amino acid sequence analysis revealed identical sequences for both EoCP-1 and EoCP-2, which are also identical to that of RANTES, a cytokine that structurally belongs to the interleukin 8 superfamily of leukocyte selective attractants, and that is known to be a "memory-type" T lymphocyte-selective attractant. In the major Eo chemotaxin, EoCP-1, the residues 4 and 5, which in EoCP-2 were found to be serine residues, could not be identified. Electrospray mass spectrometry (ESP-MS) of EoCPs revealed for EoCP-2 a molecular mass of 7,862.8 +/- 1.1 daltons, which is 15.8 mass units higher than the calculated value of RANTES, indicating that EoCP-2 is identical to the full-length cytokine, and oxygenation, probably at methionine residue number 64, has taken place. Upon ESP-MS, EoCP-1 showed an average molecular mass of 8,355 +/- 10 daltons, suggesting O-glycosylation at these serine residues. Both natural forms of RANTES showed strong Eo-chemotactic activity (ED50 = 2 nM) with optimal chemotactic migration at concentrations near 10 nM, however, there were no significant migratory responses with human neutrophils. Chemotactic activity of RANTES for human Eos could be confirmed using recombinant material, which has been found to be as active as the natural forms. Since RANTES gene expression has been detected in activated T lymphocytes, and recombinant RANTES was shown to be a "memory" T lymphocyte-selective attractant, it is now tempting to speculate about an important role of RANTES in clinical situations such as allergene-induced late-phase skin reactions in atopic subjects or asthma, where in affected tissues both memory T cells and Eos are characteristic.
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AKAGI, HIROKO, und ALLAN HOUSE. „The clinical epidemiology of hysteria: vanishingly rare, or just vanishing?“ Psychological Medicine 32, Nr. 2 (Februar 2002): 191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291701004962.
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Vanish 1. intr. To disappear from sight or become invisible, esp. in a rapid and mysterious way (Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, 1972).There is a well-known view that hysteria has virtually disappeared in the Western world. There are two versions of this argument: one is that there was never a clinical disorder that coincided with the diagnosis, and hysteria has now been reconstructed as something else (e.g. Micale, 1993). The other is that hysteria did exist but has now become much rarer than it was (most famously, Veith, 1965). According to this view, hysteria is to be found in patients from developing countries, but in Western countries it is ‘virtually a historical curiosity’ (BMJ 1976). It is the latter view that is – in our experience – most commonly held by our colleagues in general psychiatry. Yet, this opinion is not shared by those who are involved in the clinical care of patients with neurological disorders: ‘to a psychiatrist who sees patients on the medical and surgical services of a general hospital, it appears that hysteria remains a rather common phenomenon’ (Brownsberger, 1966). A number of descriptions from liaison psychiatry services support this opinion (Akagi & House, 2001). There are good reasons why it might be difficult to judge just how common (or rare) hysteria really is. Epidemiology depends on reliable case definition, case ascertainment and selection of a suitable population to study (Neugebauer et al. 1980), and each of these poses problems in the study of hysterical disorders.
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Elliott, Simon J., Vanessa Sperandio, Jorge A. Girón, Sooan Shin, Jay L. Mellies, Leslie Wainwright, Steven W. Hutcheson, Timothy K. McDaniel und James B. Kaper. „The Locus of Enterocyte Effacement (LEE)-Encoded Regulator Controls Expression of Both LEE- and Non-LEE-Encoded Virulence Factors in Enteropathogenic and EnterohemorrhagicEscherichia coli“. Infection and Immunity 68, Nr. 11 (01.11.2000): 6115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.68.11.6115-6126.2000.
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ABSTRACT Regulation of virulence gene expression in enteropathogenicEscherichia coli (EPEC) and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) is incompletely understood. In EPEC, the plasmid-encoded regulator Per is required for maximal expression of proteins encoded on the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE), and a LEE-encoded regulator (Ler) is part of the Per-mediated regulatory cascade upregulating the LEE2, LEE3, andLEE4 promoters. We now report that Ler is essential for the expression of multiple LEE-located genes in both EPEC and EHEC, including those encoding the type III secretion pathway, the secreted Esp proteins, Tir, and intimin. Ler is therefore central to the process of attaching and effacing (AE) lesion formation. Ler also regulates the expression of LEE-located genes not required for AE-lesion formation, including rorf2, orf10,rorf10, orf19, and espF, indicating that Ler regulates additional virulence properties. In addition, Ler regulates the expression of proteins encoded outside the LEE that are not essential for AE lesion formation, including TagA in EHEC and EspC in EPEC. Δler mutants of both EPEC and EHEC show altered adherence to epithelial cells and express novel fimbriae. Ler is therefore a global regulator of virulence gene expression in EPEC and EHEC.
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Faruqy, Wildan Hifzy, F. M. S. Nursuwar und FNU Aripin. „IMPLEMENTASI WSN DENGAN PLUG AND PLAY SENSOR PADA TAMBAK UDANG VANNAMEI“. E-JOINT (Electronica and Electrical Journal Of Innovation Technology) 2, Nr. 1 (27.06.2021): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.35970/e-joint.v2i1.737.
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Salah satu yang harus diperhatikan dalam budidaya udang vannamei adalah kualitas air. Kualitas air ini harus dicek secara berkala karena akan berpengaruh kepada kelulushidupan udang. Parameter-parameter yang mempengaruhi kualitas air tambak udang vannamei adalah keasaman (pH), Oksigen terlarut (DO), Salinitas (TDS), suhu air, ketinggian air, dan kekeruhan air. Data kualitas air tambak udang dapat dikirimkan secara wireless dan sensor dapat disebar keseluruh tambak dengan jenis sensor yang berbeda pada setiap nodenya. Node sensor akan mengirimkan hasil pembacaan dari masing masing sensor yang terpasang ke gateway dan kemudian dikirimkan dan diolah di server. Hal ini memudahkan pemilik tambak dalam mengakses data sensor dikarenakan udang vannamei sensitif terhadap perubahan kualitas air sehingga dengan ini bisa dilakukan tanggapan ketika data kualitas air tambak udang vannamei berubah. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut maka dikembangkan alat WSN dengan plug dan play sensor. Alat WSN terdiri dari integrasi sensor keasaman (pH), Oksigen terlarut (DO), Salinitas (TDS), suhu air, ketinggian air, dan kekeruhan air (Turbidity) dengan topologi bintang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada jarak 50 meter alat dapat mengirim data 250 byte ke server dalam rentang waktu dari 100 sampai 790 mikrodetik dengan protokol esp-now. Selanjutnya nilai kesalahan pembacaan sensor dalam rentang 0% - 4%.
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Ahmad, Shameem, Arghya Saha, Leong Wen Chek, Saad Mekhilef, Tariful Azam, Mahrous Ahmed, Mohamed Orabi, Sherif Ghoneim, Mosleh Alharthi und Basem Alamri. „SMART HOME AUTOMATION AND SECURITY SYSTEM DESIGN BASED ON IOT APPLICATIONS“. ASEAN Engineering Journal 9, Nr. 2 (01.12.2019): 57–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/aej.v9.15513.
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Conventional Home Automation Systems lack many of the essential properties of home automation system, which are now easily accessible with modern technologies like IoT where every device is connected and can be controlled through internet. The proposed system presents a standard home automation system with all requirements an automation system has like – scalable, configurable, DIY and serves the most important function which is plug and play. Firstly, this paper discuss the merits and demerits of mainstream works on home automation system. Next, key enabling technologies – Cloud (Pubnub), Android Applications, WiFi Module (ESP 8266), Raspberry Pi have been discussed. User interfaces for web, pc and mobile devices are designed for this system. Also, algorithm has been constructed for connecting Wi-Fi/Bluetooth module with the system to control wirelessly. Smart home security system has been added by using PIR motion Sensor. Lastly, data have been measured from the different sensors and power consumption of the devices were calculated and showed on a graph. . Then, electricity bill consumption has been calculated and sent by sms to the user. Global and local accessing from web interface and Android Application to control devices and configurable feature (change as per require) makes the system a standard home automation framework
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Siebers, U., A. Horcher, R. G. Bretzel, G. Klöck, U. Zimmermann, K. Federlin und T. Zekorn. „Transplantation of Free and Microencapsulated Islets in Rats: Evidence for the Requirement of An Increased Islet Mass for Transplantation into the Peritoneal Site“. International Journal of Artificial Organs 16, Nr. 2 (Februar 1993): 96–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039139889301600207.
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Microencapsulation of islets of Langerhans may avoid the necessity of a permanent immunosuppressive drug therapy and opens up new perspectives for xenotransplantation in the treatment of insulin dependent diabetes. In a mouse model we recently showed long-term normoglycemia after microencapsulated xenotransplantation. Since the acceptance of mice to any kind of foreign material is quite high we assume that the rat model better reflects the situation of higher mammalians or even humans. Due to the volume of the transplanted material (i.e. islets + alginate-capsule) only the peritoneal cavity can be used up to now. The quantity of islets necessary to normalize the non-fasting blood glucose level was much higher than expected and free transplants needed even a higher amount of islets than encapsulated ones (3000 encapsulated vs. 2 x 3000 non-encapsulated). Transplantation beneath the kidney capsule was successful with only 1200-1500 islets per rat proving the metabolic potency of the islets. Implantation of empty capsules did not alter the diabetic state. We conclude that the alginate matrix may act as a “spacer” creating a distance between the consuments of a lacking substrate esp. oxygen in an unfavourable environment and perhaps protect it from unspecific mediators released during the postoperative period. Our findings underline the necessity for smaller capsules that would enable us to use other transplantation sites.
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Leader, Darian. „Alone Now“. L'Esprit Créateur 60, Nr. 3 (2020): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/esp.2020.0037.
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Kristya, Furi, Sari Luthfiyah, I. Dewa Gede Hari Wisana und Mohseena Thaseen. „Baby Incubator Monitoring Center for Temperature and Humidity using WiFi Network“. Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics 3, Nr. 1 (29.01.2021): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.35882/jeeemi.v3i1.2.
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Monitoring the condition of premature babies inside the baby incubator is very necessary. Babies who are born prematurely with a birth age of less than 38 weeks have a higher risk of death and difficulty to adapt outside the womb due to immaturity of the organ system. Premature babies need continuous monitoring by the nurse to find out the baby's body condition remains stable in temperature and humidity to match the conditions in the womb. The purpose of this research to develop a baby incubator temperature and humidity monitoring system quickly and practically. As technology develops, the monitoring process that was initially carried out by looking directly at the baby incubator display, now developed with various innovations that make it easier to monitor premature babies. The baby incubator temperature and humidity monitoring center module via the WiFi network uses a temperature sensor and DHT 22 which will be sent via WiFi ESP 32 and the values obtained will be displayed on the nextion tft display. Based on the measurement results obtained the largest temperature error value of 2.083% at the incubator client 1 temperature at the measurement point 32 ° C. The results showed that the device has an average error suitable for use, because based on ecri 415-20010301-01, the maximum allowable error limit is ± 1 ° C. The results of this study can be implemented to make it easier for nurses to monitor premature babies to avoid neglect.
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Hall, Jay. „Editorial“. Queensland Archaeological Research 3 (01.01.1986): 2–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.25120/qar.3.1986.180.
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1986 has been a very good year for archaeology in Queensland. As the following pages testify, fundamental research is being undertaken throughout the length and breadth of the state. Furthermore it is being carried out by researchers who hail from not only Queensland but institutions throughout Australia. Perhaps the most significant discovery reported this year was the site of Wallen Wallen Creek on North Stradbroke Island, Moreton Bay (see R. Neal and E. Stock, Nature 1986:618-621). While excavating a recent surface midden for salvage purposes, Rob Neal, a Ph.D candidate at Queensland University, discovered a deep (2.5m) deposit within a coastal dune which yielded a continuous human occupation sequence. Collaboration with geomorphologist Errol Stock from Griffith University established that two soil units were formed after the dune was laid down and that associated cultural material is relatively undisturbed. C14 dating revealed an internally consistent series of determinations which stretch to over 22,000 B.P. Present results indicate a dramatic increase in occupation intensity (as measured by discard rate) in the late Holocene (esp. after ca. 2,000 B.P.), a pattern which fits well with results from other research in this area (eg. Hall Robins QAR, Volume 1) as well as other parts of eastern Australia. This discovery has provided the Pleistocene-Holocene chronological framework that has been sought for the Moreton Region for several years now. Future analysis of Wallen Wallen Creek material promises to add much to our notions of cultural change in this and adjacent areas.
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Cox, Andrew, und Steve Spencer. „Sheffield Then and Now“. Environment, Space, Place 4, Nr. 1 (2012): 135–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7761/esp.4.1.135.
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Caws, Mary Ann. „Mallarmé Here and Now“. L'Esprit Créateur 40, Nr. 3 (2000): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/esp.2010.0084.
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Runcieman, Alan James. „Rheme and reason: Why is English always the Theme rather than the Rheme in our acronyms?“ English Today 27, Nr. 1 (März 2011): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078411000125.
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The position of ‘E’, for English, has always been at the forefront of all the acronyms of language learning and descriptions of world trends in English language teaching and acquisition, EFL, ESL, ELT, ESP, EIL, ELF, or second only to ‘T’ for teaching, TEFL and TESOL. We have become so used to seeing the letter ‘E’ out there in front, the Theme rather than the Rheme, that we do not even seem to question that position anymore. Despite developments in the study of World Englishes (Kachru, 1985, 1990, 1991, 2005; Jenkins, 2003; Bolton, 2005, 2006; Canagarajah, 2006, 2007, 2009) and a supposedly secondary role for so-called Native English and the Native English speaker, we continue to place the ‘E’ at the front, as though we have no option but to accept its primacy in every concept. If we always place ‘E’ at the beginning though, as the defining Theme, surely we are giving both it and its origin England a leading role in all conceptual beginnings. The Theme after all is always the principal actor, the familiar, whilst the Rheme is the unfamiliar and undefined object (Halliday & Matthiessen, 2004), but what English is now, in its global context, is exactly that, the unfamiliar and undefined object. In the following article I will argue for a rethinking of our terminology, particularly regarding the use of the acronym ELF (English as a Lingua Franca), and how perhaps we should be thinking more carefully about our choice of acronyms in order to be more precise about our approach to the study of English in the changing world.
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Charvát, Petr. „The backs of some sealings from Nineveh 5“. Iraq 67, Nr. 1 (2005): 391–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021088900001431.
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In 1930 to 1931, the British Museum expedition to Nineveh included among its activities there a stratigraphical sounding which resulted in the establishment of a sequence of prehistoric and early historic remains in northern Mesopotamia over a considerable chronological period (on the deep sounding of Nineveh see now Gut 1995; Gut 2002, esp. pp. 17–22, and also Gut 1999). This sequence, comprising five broadly defined phases, extends from the Neolithic (Ninevite 1) to the early third millennium BC (Ninevite 5).In 1989 I had the opportunity to study archaeological materials deposited in the British Museum in London. I was interested in the earliest Mesopotamian sealings — those of Tell Arpachiyah and Nineveh — and was provided not only with Ninevite 2–3 sealings which I had requested, but also with those of Ninevite 5, so I documented the latter as well. After publishing the Ninevite 2–3 items (Charvát 1994), I had no opportunity to publish the remainder.However, in 2001 Dominique Collon published an analysis of the seal impressions found in the Ninevite 5 archaeological strata documented by the Thompson and Mallowan expedition (Collon 2001; see also Collon 2003). When “Nineveh” was announced as the theme of the 49e Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale, I decided to present a paper on the detailed information I had recorded for a number of the backs of the sealings studied by Collon. My work builds upon Collon's art-historical analysis of the obverse of the sealings, but here I am concentrating on the “hidden faces” of the seal impressions in order to extend my study of the character of socially engineered exchange practices in the protohistorical period of early Mesopotamia.
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de Smet, Egbert. „Digital library technology in J-ISIS: concept, implementation and comparison with GSDL“. Program 48, Nr. 1 (28.01.2014): 76–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prog-07-2012-0038.
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Purpose – Although the new J-ISIS software from UNESCO, based on Berkeley DB and Lucene technology, complies with some of the technical requirements as seen necessary for digital library applications, an easy way of building collections so far was not available. The purpose of this paper is to give a report on some necessary DL technological requirements, such as the capability to deal with any metadata structure and alphabets and full-text indexing of documents of any length, and how J-ISIS can deal with these, as well as on the production of the DL interface for digital library applications based on Tika technology. Design/methodology/approach – A brief comparison is made with a well-established DL software, i.e. Greenstone Digital Library, regarding the concepts and performance. Findings – While using a quite different architecture and approach, the test shows that J-ISIS can process the documents faster and with more economical storage efficiency, inviting UNESCO to invest more into it in order to allow incorporation of some more advanced features like Greenstone's capability to process intra-document segments and images, but also to allow for new exciting features for digital libraries such as interactivity. Research limitations/implications – The research is based on the J-ISIS prototype implementation of digital library technology and could only be tested on a limited set of documents. Practical implications – Librarians interested in building digital library collections, esp. when doing this integrated with their library systems and catalogs, have a viable new option now within the FOSS-market. Originality/value – This is the first description on J-ISIS for digital libraries.
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Churakova, Olga V. „‘‘Human soul is destroyed by war...’’: written sources of World War I period as a resource for gender-oriented history of emotions“. RUDN Journal of Russian History 18, Nr. 2 (15.12.2019): 246–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8674-2019-18-2-246-277.
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The article analyzes the problems and prospects of using written sources of World War I period for a gender studies approach to Russia’s past, in line with the history of emotions in cultural-historical anthropology. The terms “emotions” and “feelings” are viewed as synonyms. The article states that what the historian encounters in the sources is mostly an emotional state or mood (personal or collective) as well as experiences, passions or sensations, rather than “pure” emotions and feelings. The corpus of “gender-marked” written sources of the 1914-1918 period is huge and varied, and includes materials from archives, collections of party commissions, published memoirs, letters, diaries, the women’s press, as well as profile documents (“self-census”) of female students. However, these sources unevenly reflect the feelings and the emotional background of the era. Following the conceptual framework developed by Barbara Rosenwein, we can speak of several emotional communities defined by the social affiliation and the “audibility” of the particular voices in history, i.e. the representativeness of the sources. The first category of emotional communities comprises the women of the Romanov family and noblewomen more broadly. Russian and foreign archives boast extensive collections of their personal documents. The second category includes “frontovichky” - frontline women-soldiers. Urban women belong to a third category, and are represented by memory-based stories, the women’s press, female students’ profiles, and documents from regional archives. From the point of view of emotions, the biggest yet least represented community were peasant women. While their everyday life and values have been well researched, only very few notes and diaries from their hands have survived. Letters to the front were partially preserved (esp. those intercepted by the authorities) and are now stored in the State Archive of the Russian Federation). For the identification of the psychological matrix of the era it is crucial to use the full set of these sources.
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Batra, Priyam, Surbhi Khurana, Aishwarya Govindaswamy, Anjana Aravinda, Vijeta Bajpai, Muruganantham Ayyanar, Purva Mathur und Rajesh Malhotra. „Antibiotic resistance profile and co-production of extended spectrum beta lactamases and AmpC in Acinetobacter spp. in a level 1 trauma center from India“. Journal of Laboratory Physicians 11, Nr. 02 (April 2019): 128–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jlp.jlp_139_18.
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Abstract INTRODUCTION: Acinetobacter baumannii has now emerged as a significant nosocomial pathogen in health-care setting ESP in intensive care units. Rapidly growing resistance among clinical isolates suggests a need to detect resistance mechanisms in this organism. The present study was designed to compare the various phenotypic tests available with the gold standard of genotype. METHODOLOGY: The present study was conducted to include all isolates of Acinetobacter spp. isolated over 3 years. Their resistance to various antibiotics was determined and extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and AmpC production in the isolates showing resistance to ceftazidime/ceftriaxone/cefotaxime (CAZ/CTR/CTX) was determined. ESBL and AmpC production was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: A total of 154 strains were isolated, and all the strains were tested for ESBL and AmpC detection. Of the strains tested, 15 (9.7%), 17 (11%), 24 (15.6%), 27 (17.5%), 54 (35%), 67 (43.5%), and 72 (46.7%) strains showed ESBL production using CTX/CTX-clavulanate double-disc synergy test (DDST), CTX/CTX-clavulanate E-test, CAZ/CAZ-clavulanate DDST, CAZ/CAZ-clavulanate E-test, Piperacillin/Piperacillin-tazobactam (TZ) DDST, CTR/CTR-Sulbactum DDST, and Piperacillin/Piperacillin-TZ E-test, respectively. 20 (12.9%) and 19 (12.3%) of strains were positive for AmpC production using AmpC disc test and Boronic acid inhibition test, respectively. Genotype analysis using PCR for TEM, SHV, CTXM, PER, and VEB genes was done and 69 (51.5%) strains were positive for TEM gene. DISCUSSION: ESBL detection in Acinetobacter spp. is difficult as standard guidelines for the same are not available unlike in enterobacteriaceae, and there are no zone diameter breakpoints for aztreonam and cefpodoxime. In comparison, piperacillin/piperacillin-TZ E-test had the best sensitivity and specificity for ESBL detection. CONCLUSION: Standard guidelines for ESBL detection in nil fermeners like Acinetobacter spp. must be laid down for ease of detection. Use of piperacillin/piperacillin-tazobactam E-test could be used as one of the standard methods.
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Nuraeningsih, Nuraeningsih. „Students’ Perspective on Teaching Materials of English for Management Business II In Management Department, Universitas Muria Kudus“. Vision: Journal for Language and Foreign Language Learning 8, Nr. 1 (19.09.2019): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/vjv8i13296.
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<p>In the era of globalization, people around the world can have interaction for satisfying their goal in any aspect of life, such as business, politics, social and culture, education, etc. for that reason, the need of English proficiency as a global language becomes a priority. Therefore, it is compulsory for all students in formal education to learn it. In university level, students of the non-English department must study English with varied purposes, depending on their major, at least for two credits. Generally, it is taught to support the basic major or discipline. Consequently, the materials are designed based on their needs, especially later when they get jobs. For this reason, the material adapted is called ESP (English for Specific Purposes) which aims at preparing students to meet the demands of the workplace, i.e. the English skills. It should be more contextual, real life for now and the future. If the material is authentic and in accordance with the needs of learners, they will likely be ready to work as the demands of the employer. With these objectives, the English materials need to be adjusted to the needs of users (stakeholders) so that after graduating from universities, freshmen can directly work or create jobs according to their expertise. This research aims to describe students’ perception of English teaching materials for Management department. A survey was conducted to second-semester students of Management department of Universitas Muria Kudus. The result of the study reveals that the students have a positive perspective on the teaching materials of <em>English for Management Business II. </em>They think affirmatively that the materials have been selected properly in terms of material attraction, usefulness, authenticity, variety, level of difficulty, language skill proportion and the discussed topics. In other words, the materials are appropriate for satisfying Management department students’ need to prepare their future. The implication is the materials should be revised by adding more reading texts of <em>Business English</em> and providing more vocabulary tasks in the real context.</p>
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Glasmacher, Axel, Corinna Hahn, Marie von Lilienfeld-Toal, Katjana Orlopp, Ingo Schmidt-Wolf und Archie Prentice. „Itraconazole for Antifungal Prophylaxis in Neutropenic Patients: An Update of a Meta-Analysis with Now 3846 Patients.“ Blood 106, Nr. 11 (16.11.2005): 3224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.3224.3224.
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Abstract Invasive fungal infections, esp. from Aspergillus spp., still are a major cause of mortality and morbidity in neutropenic patients with haematological malignancies. We have published a meta-analysis on the use of itraconazole for antifungal prophylaxis (Glasmacher et al., JCO2003; 21: 4615) and now present updated results. Methods: In a continuous search of electronic databases and abstracts we identified randomized clinical trials in neutropenic patients that compared itraconazole with either nothing, oral polyenes or fluconazole. Again, analysis was restricted to proven invasive fungal infections according to EORTC/MSG criteria. Statistical analyses were performed with the Cochrane Review Manager (Version 2.4.8), relative risk ratios (RR) with their 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) and appropriate P values were reported. Subgroups were defined by itraconazole preparation and the comparator. A RR below 1 indicates better results for itraconazole. Results - New Trials: Two new trials with 54 and 195 evaluable patients (pts) were identified and the data of one unpublished trials was updated. Both studies used itraconazole solution (400 mg/d) and compared it to 400 mg/d fluconazole. One study applied intravenous solutions of both drugs if necessary. No study was powered to detect a significant difference in proven invasive fungal infections between the two drugs. One study reported a reduction of fungal-related mortality in the itraconazole arm (fluconazole 9/12, 75%, vs. itraconazole 5/11, 45%; P=0.154). Results - Meta-Analysis: The incidence of proven invasive fungal infection from all studies and arms was 4.1% and 8.3% if suspected infections were included. The reduction in the incidence of proven breakthrough invasive mycosis was significant (Table 1). As in the original analysis, the relative risk is reduced only in the group provided with itraconazole solution and with a relative risk reduction of 46%. Results - Itraconazole vs. Fluconazole: Table 2 reports a comparison of itraconazole solution vs. fluconazole for different relevant outcomes. There is a significant superiority of itraconazole for the reduction of all proven invasive fungal infections and for invasive Aspergillus infections and reductions are in the same range but not significant for the other outcomes. Conclusions: Itraconazole is still and significantly superior to its comparators, including fluconazole, in reducing the rate of breakthrough invasive fungal infections. This effect is only seen with the itraconazole oral or intravenous solution (at least 400 mg/d) which also reduce the rate of proven invasive Aspergillus infections. Table 1: Incidence of proven invasive fungal infections Subgroup No. Pts (Trials) Relative Risk 95%CI P All studies 3846 (15) 0.62 0.45–0.77 0.003 Itraconazole capsules 735 (5) 0.93 0.51–1.69 0.81 Itraconazole solution 3111 (10) 0.54 0.37–0.77 0.0008 Table 2: Comparison of itraconazole solution vs fluconazole (proven only) Outcome No. of trials Itraconazole (n/N) Fluconazole (n/N) Relative Risk 95%CI P Abbrev.: n= pts. with event; N=total pts. Invasive fungal infections 6 23/883 43/874 0.52 0.32–0.84 0.008 Invasive yeast infections 6 9/851 16//854 0.56 0.25–1.24 0.15 Invasive Aspergillus infections 5 12/850 24/853 0.50 0.26–0.98 0.04 Fungal-related Mortality 4 20/754 31/754 0.64 0.38–1.09 0.10
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Tybout, Rolf. „Response to the comments of B. Bergmann and C. H. Hallett (JRA 14, 56-57 and 414-16)“. Journal of Roman Archaeology 15 (2002): 346–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047759400014033.
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My article on Roman wall-painting and social significance (JRA 14, 33-56) provoked two immediate reactions. I would like to show that both scholars misinterpreted my argument and intentions.Bergmarm's views are compatible in all respects with mine expressed in my article. In two introductory sections (33-42) I drew attention to some major misunderstandings and misrepresentations of the chronological model of Roman wall-painting developed by H. G. Beyen by scholars who have recently focused on paintings in their spatial and social context. B. agrees “that we lose much by neglecting the contributions of 19th- and 20th-c. scholars”. Presumably she took offence at what she calls my “ad hominem recriminations” In order to state my argument clearly, I quoted from several recent studies, mentioning their authors and places of publication. I pointed out as straightforwardly as possible that some of their views expressed are demonstrably untenable or, in some cases, not as innovative as suggested. This was done not to incriminate the authors but to bring some clarity in a discussion which risks becoming embroiled. Unfortunately, Bergmann does not question the validity of any of my specific “recriminations”, limiting herself to some general observations.She defines as my “main concern (…) that current scholars do not find Beyen's methods (and [my] own) worth emulating”, and prefer to employ other approaches “looking at paintings within larger ensembles and spatial networks” which “might shed some light on the rooms they embellished”. Nothing is less true. I agree with her that scholars understandably “find the search for and understanding of these relationships as appealing as attempting to validate Stufe C of Phase I of Beyen's Second Style” — I would say “far more appealing” That is the reason why I relegated that specific validation to an Appendix (53-56), in spite of the perspectives it opens up for social history (56), and devoted my main section (42-53; discussed neither by Bergmann or Hallett) to the study of wall-painting in its spatial and social dimensions (cf. also JRA 9 [1996] esp. 366-74). Moreover, I stressed that “the basic concepts underlying this [new] line of research are sound and stimulating” (34); that “any comprehensive account of Roman wall-painting should transcend the level of specialists' chronological ‘finger-exercises’ and encompass the synchronic dimension”; that “actually, this is a communis opinio by now, and rightly so” (36); and that the contributions of social historians able “to introduce more appropriate and refined concepts and vocabulary … can only be welcomed” (42). My real concern in sections 1 and 2 was to counter the current trend to ‘throw out the baby with the bath-water’, i.e., the diachronic with the synchronic dimension, since “a sound functional model of Roman wall-painting cannot dispense with careful attention to diachronic developments in both form and style” (36).
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Shaughnessy, Paul J., Carlos Bachier, Lorraine Alexander und C. F. LeMaistre. „Intravenous Busulfan Dosed Once Daily or Four Times Daily as Part of the Standard BuCy Preparative Regimen for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation.“ Blood 106, Nr. 11 (16.11.2005): 5327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.5327.5327.
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Abstract Intravenous busulfan (IVBu) (Busulfex ESP Pharma) is regularly substituted for oral busulfan as part of the standard busulfan and cyclophosphamide (BuCy) preparative regimen for allogeneic stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Oral busulfan was originally dosed 4 times daily, which led to the current accepted dosing schedule for IVBu. Pharmacokinetics (PK) and busulfan clearance allow for once daily dosing now that IVBu is available. We performed a retrospective review of 36 consecutive patients who received the BuCy preparative regimen with IVBu prior to ASCT. Twenty-one males and 15 females with a median age of 46 years (23–64) were treated for AML (n=15), ALL (n=1), CML (n=8), MDS (n=8), NHL (n=2), and multiple myeloma (n=2). IVBu was dosed 0.8 mg/kg 4 times daily for 16 doses (n=16) or 3.2 mg/kg once daily for 4 doses (n=20) on days -7 to -4, and cyclophosphamide was dosed 60 mg/kg once daily for two doses on days -3 and -2. IVBu was dosed by ideal or adjusted ideal body weight and no PK studies were done. Bone marrow (n=6) or peripheral blood (n=30) stem cells were infused on day 0 from HLA matched siblings (n=26) or unrelated donors (n=9), and one partially matched unrelated donor. Engraftment occurred in 34 patients (pts) (94%). Two pts who failed to engraft had bone marrow grafts with low numbers of total mononuclear cells infused. Regimen related toxicity (RRT) included mild VOD in 2 pts (5%) that self resolved, with one pt receiving IVBu 4 times daily and the other once daily. There was no seizure activity or non-infectious interstitial pneumonitis attributed to RRT in any patient. Other RRT were not significantly different between the patients who received 4 times daily or once daily IVBu. For all patients day 100 mortality was 17%, and at a median follow up of 12 months (1–54) 17 pts (47%) survive. Five of 16 pts (31%) survive who received 4 times daily IVBu, and 12 of 20 pts (60%) survive who received once daily IVBu. Three patients received once daily IVBu as outpatients and no patients received 4 times daily IVBu as outpatients. Financial review between day -7 to day 0, days 1–30, days 61–90, and day-7 to day 90 revealed patient charges were not significantly different at these time points between the once daily and 4 times daily dosing groups. In conclusion, this small retrospective single institution study revealed IVBu dosed once daily by ideal or adjusted ideal body weight appeared to have similar RRT, engraftment, survival and cost compared to 4 times daily IVBu when used as part of the BuCy preparative regimen for ASCT.
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Farah, Rafika Rabba. „Infusing Islamic-related content through Trivia Cards: Research & development in ESP classroom“. EduLite: Journal of English Education, Literature and Culture 5, Nr. 1 (29.02.2020): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/e.5.1.78-88.
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English learning has now largely been driven by global socioeconomics. Thus, English for Specific Purposes is likely taught at tertiary level education in Asia. Especially, in Indonesia, where Muslim is the major population, teaching English to students majoring in Islamic Studies must be carefully planned. Experts have discussed widely that English language has its association to Western civilization and Christian value. Therefore, this present research aims at developing Trivia Cards which infuse Islamic elements to teach English for Islamic Studies for students majoring in Islamic discipline at one private Islamic university in Indonesia. Research and Development (R&D) was implemented in the study involving some procedures as follows: need analysis, product design, product validation, and revision. Results on need analysis comprised five important topics, they were Islamic manner (akhlak), oneness of God (tauhid), Islamic history, and hadith. Further, the experts highlighted that the media developed reached its validity criteria as it was scored 98.07% by media-language expert; and scored 88.6% by content expert. Furthermore, the study were 95% positively responded by the respondents with 45% strongly agreed and 50% agreed respectively; meanwhile only small portion stated his/her disagreement for 5% or as many of one respondent. Thus, this study has shed a light that Islamic content can provide a way for English teachers to teach English to students with Muslim background.
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Özgüner, Abdullah Mete. „GEOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF LAKE VAN (TURKEY) FOR URANIUM-THORIUM DEPOSITION“. Earth Sciences Pakistan 4, Nr. 1 (02.04.2020): 34–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/esp.01.2020.34.46.
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Purpose of this study is to prove most probable existence of economical U-Th mineralisations within Tatvan Basin which have been hidden among foreign international research project manuscripts of Lake Van and to inform the importance of national exploration studies. Lake Van is a pull-apart basin formed within Quaternary Muş-Zagros suture zone with right lateral movement. Calculations on heat transfer below the Tatvan Basin indicate that a constant heat flow is about fourty times the continental average which have been only reported from some oceanic ridges. Data indicate the heat source below Tatvan Basin bottom represents a steadily collapsing cauldron subsidence of Nemrut volcano’s magma chamber. Lake Van surface water has mean 76ppb dissolved uranium content of hyrothermal and authigenic origin. It is calculated that there is at least 50.000 tons of dissolved uranium exists in the Lake Van waters. Ultimate deposition of U-Th mineralisation within euxinic Tatvan Basin have been expected to be a continuous process during geologic history of Lake Van as long as uranium resources remain and its NaHCO3 water functions as dissolving agent Sodic Lake Van waters continuously dissolve uranium from 1) high 3He/4He and U-Th containing hydrothermal fluxes of mantle origin coming up through cauldron subsidence faults of Tatvan Basin, 2) per-alkaline rhyolitic volcanic ash rain of Nemrut volcanism, 3) Bitlis granitoid Massive basement, 4) repeated authigenic disentegrations of U to (Th and 4He) within the sedimentary deposites of Tatvan Basin through its 600.000 years history. Tatvan Basin is the deepest basin with 450m depth, 300km2 flat area and constant unoxic basal water table undisturbed by currents and has the following verifications for Quaternary U-Th depositions in the unconsolidated porous sediments: 1) organic mass rich levels with reducing microbial activities, 2) evaporitic dolomites deposited during low stand lake levels with high U-Th concentrations, 3) varved, mixed-layered clays with high hectorite content, 4) sub-aquaeous, basic-intermediate volcanic basement intrusions with reducing properties, 5) measured very low redox potentials in basal environment, 6) very high density of U-Th. Drilling core sequence and the gamma ray logs from Ahlat Ridge have been used in the foreign literature published since 1974 until now while the existence or non-existence of uranium has not been mentioned. Gamma ray logs of drilling cores and their pore water analyses from Tatvan Basin were carried out abroad but not published yet. Thus gamma ray logs belonging only to shallow Ahlat Ridge sequence where uranium mineral precipitation is not possible is misleading.
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Gascón-Cuenca, Andrés, Carla Ghitti und Francesca Malzani. „Acknowledging the relevance of empathy in clinical legal education. Some proposals from the experience of the University of Brescia (IT) and Valencia (ESP)“. International Journal of Clinical Legal Education 25, Nr. 2 (06.09.2018): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijcle.v25i2.727.
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Legal Clinical Education is experiencing a great development in the Spanish and the Italian university context. Nevertheless, it comes with new challenges that professors have not faced until now: students working in the field with people in situations of vulnerability or in complex realities. Given that one of the major goals of CLE is the preparation not only of professionals for the practice of law, but also people concerned about social justice and social diversity, this piece of research looks into the significance of working with students about the key role that empathy plays in the development of their relation with the people they assist. Moreover, we will suggest some activities to be introduced in the clinical training plan with this purpose, and lastly, we will construct some final thoughts about this research and the feedback we obtain from our clinical colleagues.
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Mirabello, Lisa, Elizabeth R. Macari, Lea Jessop, Timothy Myers, Neelam Giri, Alison M. Taylor, Katherine E. McGrath et al. „Functional Consequences Of RPS29 Germline Mutations In Diamond-Blackfan Anemia“. Blood 122, Nr. 21 (15.11.2013): 2465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.2465.2465.
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Abstract Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is an inherited bone marrow failure syndrome (IBMFS) characterized by red blood cell aplasia, variable physical anomalies, and increased risks of cancer. Approximately half of DBA cases have a germline mutation or deletion in a ribosomal protein gene (i.e., RPS19, RPS24, RPS17, RPL35A, RPL5, RPL11, RPS7, RPS10, or RPS26), or in GATA1, an X-linked hematopoietic transcription factor. The inheritance of mutated ribosomal protein genes is autosomal dominant (AD), but de novo germline mutations may also occur. We previously reported a novel nonsynonymous ribosomal protein S29 (RPS29) mutation, I31F, which segregated with DBA in a large multi-case family (NCI-193). We now present functional data that link this RPS29 mutation to the DBA phenotype and report an additional large multi-case DBA family (NCI-38) with another novel RPS29 mutation. Individuals in this study are participants in the IRB-approved longitudinal cohort IBMFS study at the NCI. We have identified a second large family with DBA, NCI-38, in which the male proband had steroid-responsive anemia as a child, elevated erythrocyte adenosine deaminase (eADA = 1.26 IU/g Hb, normal <0.96), and has been in remission for approximately 20 years. Two unaffected male half-siblings have no symptoms of DBA, and 1 female half-sibling has only a borderline elevated eADA (1.00 IU/g Hb). The proband’s mother is an asymptomatic obligate carrier because her full brother and two half-siblings have DBA or an unspecified bone marrow failure; her eADA is normal (0.8 IU/g Hb). We performed whole-exome sequencing using Nimblegen v2 capture arrays and paired-end sequencing on the Illumina HiSeqTM. After applying quality control filters, removing variants present in publicly available databases (1000Genomes, ESP, Kaviar, and dbSNP), and applying an AD inheritance model, we identified an I50T mutation in RPS29 that tracked with AD inheritance in this family (NCI-38). The sibling with elevated eADA and the mother also carried this RPS29 mutation while the two asymptomatic healthy siblings were mutation negative. I50T, like I31F, occurs in a very highly evolutionarily conserved region of the RPS29 protein and in silico prediction programs (i.e., SIFT, Polyphen 2, Condel, MutationTaster) predict this variant to be deleterious. The original DBA family, NCI-193, has AD DBA due to the heterozygous I31F mutation in RPS29. We used quantitative rtPCR to determine RPS29 expression in the proband with the I31F mutation compared with a healthy individual with wildtype RPS29. The proband demonstrated haploinsufficiency of RPS29 mRNA, with levels consistent with approximately 50% expression compared with wildtype RPS29 values. Zebrafish are ideal for modeling ribosomal protein knockdown because hematopoietic regulation is conserved with mammals, they are amenable to high throughput in vivo genetics, and ribosomal proteins can be knocked down in the embryo with morpholino technology. The rps29-/- mutant zebrafish displays many aspects of the DBA phenotype including significant defects in red blood cell development, shown by a decrease in hemoglobin levels. We used this as a model to determine if the RPS29 mutation identified in our DBA cases could rescue the hemoglobin defect. The rps29-/- zebrafish embryos were injected with 50pg of either wildtype or the mutated (I31F) human RPS29 RNA. The wildtype human RPS29 RNA rescued the hemoglobin phenotype (increased hemoglobin levels) of the rps29-/- zebrafish embryos, whereas the mutated human RPS29 RNA could not (no increase in hemoglobin levels; P <0.01). In summary, germline mutations in RPS29 can cause AD DBA. RPS29 is an essential protein in the 40s small subunit of the ribosome, important for ribosomal RNA processing and ribosome biogenesis. Using functional assays, we show for the first time that the mutant RPS29 in our DBA cases results in haploinsufficiency of RPS29. The patient-associated I31F RPS29 mutation failed to rescue the defective hematopoiesis in the rps29-/- mutant zebrafish DBA model and provides further evidence that RPS29 is a DBA-associated gene. Disclosures: Zon: FATE Therapeutics, Inc: Consultancy, Equity Ownership, Founder Other, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Patents & Royalties; Stemgent, Inc: Consultancy, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Stocks, Stocks Other; Scholar Rock: Consultancy, Equity Ownership, Founder, Founder Other, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Patents & Royalties.
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DÜNDAR, Ömer Muhsin, und Ahmet AYDIN. „SPORCULARIN KALP ATIM HIZININ ESP-NOW KULLANILARAK KABLOSUZ İLETİMİ“. Konya Journal of Engineering Sciences, 01.09.2021, 633–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.36306/konjes.879392.
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